JP2014103794A - Uninterruptible power supply device and charge/discharge method used therefor - Google Patents

Uninterruptible power supply device and charge/discharge method used therefor Download PDF

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JP2014103794A
JP2014103794A JP2012254807A JP2012254807A JP2014103794A JP 2014103794 A JP2014103794 A JP 2014103794A JP 2012254807 A JP2012254807 A JP 2012254807A JP 2012254807 A JP2012254807 A JP 2012254807A JP 2014103794 A JP2014103794 A JP 2014103794A
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Kazuaki Suzuki
和彰 鈴木
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NEC Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an uninterruptible power supply device capable of reducing the frequency of battery replacement by delaying degradation in an ordinary battery for extension of a period of battery service life, with simple control and configuration.SOLUTION: An uninterruptible power supply (1) includes: a battery (15) that supplies a power supply to a load apparatus when a power failure occurs, and a storage battery or a large-capacity capacitor (12) that is used as an auxiliary storage battery of the battery (15) and charged at a higher voltage than the battery (15), and discharges electric power of an auxiliary storage battery (12) earlier than electric power of the battery (15) at the time of an instantaneous power failure for a short period and at the initial time of a power failure start.

Description

本発明は無停電電源装置及びそれに用いる充放電方法に関し、特に補助電池付きの無停電電源装置の充放電方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply and a charge / discharge method used therefor, and more particularly to a charge / discharge method for an uninterruptible power supply with an auxiliary battery.

無停電電源装置のバッテリは、充放電を繰り返すことで期待寿命が短縮し、短時間の充放電を繰り返すことで、本来の性能を発揮せず、劣化や不良となることがある。   The battery of the uninterruptible power supply device has an expected life shortened by repeating charging and discharging, and may repeat deterioration and failure without exhibiting its original performance by repeating charging and discharging for a short time.

また、バッテリは、高価で期待寿命を長くする運用をしたいが、日本では長い時間の停電は少ないが、短時間の停電は頻繁に発生するため、期待寿命通りに運用できないケースが多い。   In addition, although the battery is expensive and wants to operate with a longer expected life, there are few long-time power outages in Japan, but short-time power outages occur frequently, so there are many cases where it cannot be operated as expected.

例えば、本発明に関連する無停電電源装置は、図４に示すように、充電回路１１と、整流回路（ダイオード）１３と、バッテリ１５と、インバータ（ＩＮＶ）回路１６と、スイッチ１７，１８とを備えている。この種の無停電電源装置としては、下記の特許文献１〜４に記載の技術がある。   For example, as shown in FIG. 4, an uninterruptible power supply device related to the present invention includes a charging circuit 11, a rectifier circuit (diode) 13, a battery 15, an inverter (INV) circuit 16, and switches 17 and 18. It has. As this type of uninterruptible power supply, there are technologies described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 below.

特開平０９−１０７６０４号公報JP 09-107604 A 特開平０５−０６４３７８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-064378 特開２０１０−３１２３３２号公報JP 2010-312332 A 特開２０１１−１８８７０６号公報JP 2011-188706 A

上述した無停電電源装置では、停電時に実装したバッテリ電力により負荷装置に電力を提供する際に、頻繁に瞬時停電や電圧変動が発生し、バッテリの充放電が頻繁に実施されることで、バッテリ劣化が加速して短期間に寿命となることが問題となっている。   In the above-described uninterruptible power supply, when power is supplied to the load device by the battery power implemented at the time of a power failure, instantaneous power failure and voltage fluctuation frequently occur, and the battery is frequently charged and discharged. The problem is that the deterioration will accelerate and the life will be shortened in a short time.

また、上述した無停電電源装置では、連続した停電発生の際に十分に充電されない状態でバッテリ電力を出力することで、連続した充放電後の電力出力が不安定となり、負荷装置が停止する障害が発生する危険性がある。上記の特許文献１〜４に記載の無停電電源装置でも、同様の課題があるとともに、バッテリ劣化による短寿命を回避するために、複雑な制御や構成を必要とするという課題がある。   Moreover, in the uninterruptible power supply device mentioned above, by outputting battery power in a state where it is not fully charged in the event of a continuous power outage, the power output after continuous charge / discharge becomes unstable and the load device stops There is a risk of occurrence. The uninterruptible power supply devices described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 have the same problem and the problem that complicated control and configuration are required to avoid a short life due to battery deterioration.

そこで、本発明の目的は上記の問題点を解消し、シンプルな制御や構成により、通常バッテリの劣化を遅らせて、バッテリ寿命となる期間を延長し、バッテリ交換回数を減らすことができる無停電電源装置及びそれに用いる充放電方法を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an uninterruptible power supply that solves the above-mentioned problems, and that can delay the deterioration of a normal battery, extend the period of battery life, and reduce the number of battery replacements with a simple control and configuration. It is providing the apparatus and the charging / discharging method used therefor.

本発明による無停電電源装置は、停電時に負荷装置に電源を供給するバッテリと、前記バッテリの補助用蓄電池として使用しかつ前記バッテリより高い電圧で充電される蓄電池または大容量キャパシタとを備え、
短時間の瞬時停電時及び停電開始の初期時に前記補助用蓄電池の電力を前記バッテリの電力よりも先に放電させることを特徴とする。 An uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention includes a battery that supplies power to a load device in the event of a power failure, and a storage battery or a large-capacity capacitor that is used as an auxiliary storage battery for the battery and is charged at a higher voltage than the battery,
The power of the auxiliary storage battery is discharged before the power of the battery during a short-time instantaneous power failure and at the beginning of the power failure.

本発明による充放電方法は、停電時に負荷装置に電源を供給するバッテリを有する無停電電源装置に、前記バッテリの補助用蓄電池として使用しかつ前記バッテリより高い電圧で充電される蓄電池または大容量キャパシタを設け、
短時間の瞬時停電時及び停電開始の初期時に前記補助用蓄電池の電力を前記バッテリの電力よりも先に放電させることを特徴とする。 A charging / discharging method according to the present invention is a storage battery or a large-capacity capacitor that is used as an auxiliary storage battery for the battery and is charged at a higher voltage than the battery in an uninterruptible power supply having a battery that supplies power to a load device during a power failure Provided,
The power of the auxiliary storage battery is discharged before the power of the battery during a short-time instantaneous power failure and at the beginning of the power failure.

本発明は、上記のような構成及び動作とすることで、シンプルな制御や構成により、通常バッテリの劣化を遅らせて、バッテリ寿命となる期間を延長し、バッテリ交換回数を減らすことができるという効果が得られる。   With the configuration and operation as described above, the present invention has the effect of delaying battery deterioration, extending the period of battery life, and reducing the number of battery replacements with simple control and configuration. Is obtained.

本発明の実施の形態による補助蓄電池付きの無停電電源装置の構成例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the uninterruptible power supply device with an auxiliary storage battery by embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態による補助蓄電池付きの無停電電源装置の停電動作状態の充放電電圧の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the charging / discharging voltage of the power failure operation state of the uninterruptible power supply with an auxiliary storage battery by embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施の形態による補助蓄電池付きの無停電電源装置の構成例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the uninterruptible power supply with an auxiliary storage battery by other embodiment of this invention. 通常の無停電電源装置の構成例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of a normal uninterruptible power supply.

次に、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。まず、本発明による無停電電源装置の概要について説明する。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the outline | summary of the uninterruptible power supply device by this invention is demonstrated.

本発明の無停電電源装置は、瞬時停電や電圧変動等の短時間の電力バックアップを補助的に充放電することができ、複数回の充放電を実施しても性能が劣化しにくい蓄電池または大容量キャパシタを通常バッテリの補助蓄電池として装備し、短時間の瞬時停電や停電開始の初期時に、通常バッテリ電力を使わず、補助蓄電池の電力を先に使用する給電制御することを特徴とする。   The uninterruptible power supply device of the present invention can supplementarily charge and discharge a short-time power backup such as instantaneous power failure or voltage fluctuation, and a storage battery or large battery whose performance is not easily deteriorated even after a plurality of charging and discharging operations. A capacity capacitor is provided as an auxiliary storage battery for a normal battery, and at the beginning of a short-time instantaneous power failure or the start of a power failure, power supply control using the power of the auxiliary storage battery first is performed without using the normal battery power.

すなわち、本発明による無停電電源装置では、通常バッテリの他に、瞬時点電や電圧変動等の短時間の電力バックアップを実施できる小容量だが多数連続した充放電実施しても劣化しにくい蓄電池または大容量キャパシタを補助蓄電池として装備し、停電によるバックアップ運転実施時に、補助蓄電池の電力を通常バッテリより先に放電し、短時間の停電時に通常バッテリの放電を極力減らすことを特徴とする。   That is, in the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention, in addition to a normal battery, a storage battery or a small capacity capable of performing a short-time power backup such as an instantaneous ignition or a voltage fluctuation, but not easily deteriorated even if a large number of continuous charging and discharging are performed. A large-capacity capacitor is provided as an auxiliary storage battery, and the power of the auxiliary storage battery is discharged before the normal battery at the time of backup operation due to a power failure, and the discharge of the normal battery is reduced as much as possible during a short power failure.

図１は本発明の実施の形態による補助蓄電池付きの無停電電源装置の構成例を示すブロック図であり、図２は本発明の実施の形態による補助蓄電池付きの無停電電源装置の停電動作状態の充放電電圧の状態を示す図である。   FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an uninterruptible power supply with an auxiliary storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a power failure operation state of the uninterruptible power supply with an auxiliary storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the state of charging / discharging voltage.

図１において、本発明の実施の形態による無停電電源装置１は、充電回路１１と、補助蓄電池１２と、整流回路（ダイオード）１３，１４と、通常バッテリ１５と、インバータ（ＩＮＶ）回路１６と、スイッチ１７，１８とを備えている。   1, an uninterruptible power supply 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a charging circuit 11, an auxiliary storage battery 12, rectifier circuits (diodes) 13 and 14, a normal battery 15, and an inverter (INV) circuit 16. , And switches 17 and 18.

無停電電源装置１は、図４に示す通常の無停電電源装置２の機能とは別に、補助蓄電池１２を実装している。この補助蓄電池１２は、小容量だが多数回連続した充放電を実施しても劣化しにくい蓄電池または大容量キャパシタ等で、通常バッテリ１５より高い電圧で充電される仕様となっている。   The uninterruptible power supply 1 is equipped with an auxiliary storage battery 12 separately from the function of the normal uninterruptible power supply 2 shown in FIG. The auxiliary storage battery 12 is a storage battery or a large-capacity capacitor that has a small capacity but is not easily deteriorated even if it is repeatedly charged and discharged many times, and is designed to be charged at a higher voltage than the normal battery 15.

したがって、補助蓄電池１２は、瞬時停電や電圧変動等の短時間の停電が発生した際に、通常バッテリ１５より先にインバータ（ＩＮＶ）回路１６に放電する。本実施の形態では、その間に停電が復旧した場合、通常バッテリ１５が放電しないように電池の放電電流を制御する回路［整流回路（ダイオード）１３，１４］が実装され、停電が長引いた場合に、通常バッテリ１５からも放電される仕組みを持っている。   Therefore, the auxiliary storage battery 12 discharges to the inverter (INV) circuit 16 before the normal battery 15 when a short-time power outage such as an instantaneous power outage or voltage fluctuation occurs. In the present embodiment, when a power failure is recovered during that time, a circuit [rectifier circuit (diode) 13, 14] that controls the discharge current of the battery is mounted so that the battery 15 is not normally discharged, and the power failure is prolonged. In general, the battery 15 is also discharged.

無停電電源装置１は、充電回路１１に、通常バッテリ１５を充電する電圧出力の他に、補助蓄電池１２用の充電電圧を出力する電圧出力を有し、補助蓄電池１２用の充電電圧［図２の（ｆ）］として、通常バッテリ１５用の充電電圧［図２の（ｇ）］より高い電圧を出力する。   The uninterruptible power supply 1 has a voltage output for outputting a charging voltage for the auxiliary storage battery 12 in addition to a voltage output for charging the normal battery 15 in the charging circuit 11, and a charging voltage for the auxiliary storage battery 12 [FIG. (F)], a voltage higher than the charging voltage for the normal battery 15 [(g) in FIG. 2] is output.

補助蓄電池１２は、通常バッテリ１５よりも高い電圧を入力して充電できる電池またはコンデンサであり、通常バッテリ１５より充放電運用（サイクル使用）に強い蓄電池としている。本実施の形態では、停電して充電電圧がなくなった際に、通常バッテリ１５が放電するより先に補助蓄電池１２が放電するような電流制御用の整流部品［整流回路（ダイオード）１３，１４］を備えている。   The auxiliary storage battery 12 is a battery or a capacitor that can be charged by inputting a voltage higher than that of the normal battery 15, and is a storage battery that is stronger in charge / discharge operation (cycle use) than the normal battery 15. In the present embodiment, when the power voltage is lost due to a power failure, the auxiliary storage battery 12 is discharged before the normal battery 15 is discharged [rectifier circuits (diodes) 13, 14]. It has.

図２は本発明の実施の形態による無停電電源装置１の停電動作状態の充放電電圧の状態を示している。通常動作時には、充電回路１１から通常バッテリ１５と補助蓄電池１２とにそれぞれ充電されているが、停電が発生した際に、最初に補助蓄電池１２から放電される［図２の（ａ）参照］。   FIG. 2 shows the state of the charge / discharge voltage in the power failure operation state of the uninterruptible power supply 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. During normal operation, the normal battery 15 and the auxiliary storage battery 12 are charged from the charging circuit 11 respectively, but when a power failure occurs, the auxiliary storage battery 12 is first discharged [see FIG. 2 (a)].

補助蓄電池１２の放電電圧が通常バッテリ１５の充電電圧［図２の（ｇ）］より低くなる前に停電が復旧した場合には［図２の（ｂ）参照］、通常バッテリ１５が放電することなしに、補助蓄電池１２のみが充電される［図２の（ｃ）参照］。   When the power failure is restored before the discharge voltage of the auxiliary storage battery 12 becomes lower than the charging voltage of the normal battery 15 [(g) of FIG. 2] [see (b) of FIG. 2], the normal battery 15 is discharged. None, only the auxiliary storage battery 12 is charged [see FIG. 2 (c)].

しかしながら、補助蓄電池１２は蓄電容量が小さいため、停電が長引いた場合、通常バッテリ１５の充電電圧［図２の（ｇ）］より補助蓄電池１２の放電電圧が低くなり、通常バッテリ１５より放電開始され、長時間のバッテリ運転を実施されることになる［図２の（ｄ）参照］。   However, since the auxiliary storage battery 12 has a small storage capacity, when the power failure is prolonged, the discharge voltage of the auxiliary storage battery 12 becomes lower than the charge voltage of the normal battery 15 ((g) in FIG. 2) and the discharge starts from the normal battery 15. Therefore, the battery operation for a long time is performed [see (d) of FIG. 2].

これによって、本実施の形態では、シンプルな制御や構成により、通常バッテリ１５の劣化を遅らせて、バッテリ寿命となる期間を延長し、バッテリ交換回数を減らすことで、運用コスト削減の優位性を得ることができる。   As a result, in this embodiment, with the simple control and configuration, the deterioration of the normal battery 15 is delayed, the period of battery life is extended, and the number of battery replacements is reduced, thereby obtaining the advantage of reducing operational costs. be able to.

また、本実施の形態では、シンプルな制御や構成により、連続した停電発生によるバックアップ電力不安定となる状態を低減し、負荷装置の安定稼働をより高い信頼性で実現することができる。さらに、本実施の形態では、補助蓄電池１２を実装することで、バッテリ交換の際に停電が発生しても出力停止する事故を減らせるメリットもある。   Moreover, in this Embodiment, the state which becomes unstable backup electric power by continuous power failure generation | occurrence | production can be reduced by simple control and a structure, and the stable operation of a load apparatus can be implement | achieved with higher reliability. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, by mounting the auxiliary storage battery 12, there is an advantage that the output stoppage accident can be reduced even if a power failure occurs during battery replacement.

図３は本発明の他の実施の形態による補助蓄電池付きの無停電電源装置の構成例を示すブロック図である。図３において、本発明の他の実施の形態による無停電電源装置１ａでは、補助蓄電池１２の代わりに補助コンデンサ１９を使用する以外は、図１に示す本発明の実施の形態と同様の構成となっており、同一構成要素には同一符号を付してある。   FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an uninterruptible power supply with an auxiliary storage battery according to another embodiment of the present invention. 3, the uninterruptible power supply 1a according to another embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as that of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 except that an auxiliary capacitor 19 is used instead of the auxiliary storage battery 12. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

補助コンデンサ１９は、補助蓄電池１２に比べ、充電容量がより小さくなり、高い電圧を保持しにくいため、通常バッテリ１５の充電電圧より高い電圧部分に実装し、電力を補う構成としている。   Since the auxiliary capacitor 19 has a smaller charge capacity than the auxiliary storage battery 12 and is difficult to hold a high voltage, the auxiliary capacitor 19 is mounted on a voltage portion higher than the charge voltage of the normal battery 15 to supplement the power.

本発明は、無停電電源装置が使用される全てのシステムに適用可能である。   The present invention is applicable to all systems in which an uninterruptible power supply is used.

１，１ａ 無停電電源装置
１１ 充電回路
１２ 補助蓄電池
１３，１４ 整流回路（ダイオード）
１５ 通常バッテリ
１６ インバータ（ＩＮＶ）回路
１７，１８ スイッチ 1, 1a Uninterruptible power supply 11 Charging circuit 12 Auxiliary storage battery 13, 14 Rectifier circuit (diode)
15 Normal battery 16 Inverter (INV) circuit 17, 18 Switch

Claims (6)

停電時に負荷装置に電源を供給するバッテリと、
前記バッテリの補助用蓄電池として使用しかつ前記バッテリより高い電圧で充電される蓄電池または大容量キャパシタとを有し、
短時間の瞬時停電時及び停電開始の初期時に前記補助用蓄電池の電力を前記バッテリの電力よりも先に放電させることを特徴とする無停電電源装置。 A battery for supplying power to the load device in the event of a power failure;
A storage battery or a large-capacity capacitor that is used as an auxiliary storage battery for the battery and is charged at a higher voltage than the battery,
An uninterruptible power supply, wherein the power of the auxiliary storage battery is discharged before the power of the battery at a short momentary power failure and at the beginning of the power failure. 前記蓄電池または大容量キャパシタは、瞬時停電及び電圧変動を含む短時間の停電時に電力バックアップを実施可能とし、小容量で、かつ多数連続した充放電の実施時に性能劣化しにくいことを特徴とする請求項１記載の無停電電源装置。   The storage battery or the large-capacity capacitor is capable of performing power backup during a short-time power outage including instantaneous power outage and voltage fluctuation, and has a small capacity and is less likely to deteriorate in performance during continuous charge / discharge. The uninterruptible power supply according to Item 1. 前記短時間の停電が発生した際に前記バッテリより先に前記保持蓄電池から放電が行われるインバータ回路と、その間に停電が復旧した場合に前記バッテリが放電しないように電池の放電電流を制御しかつ前記停電が長引いた場合に前記バッテリからも放電を行う回路とを含むことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の無停電電源装置。   An inverter circuit that discharges from the storage battery prior to the battery when the short-time power failure occurs, and controls the discharge current of the battery so that the battery does not discharge when the power failure is restored The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, further comprising a circuit that discharges from the battery when the power failure is prolonged. 停電時に負荷装置に電源を供給するバッテリを有する無停電電源装置に、前記バッテリの補助用蓄電池として使用しかつ前記バッテリより高い電圧で充電される蓄電池または大容量キャパシタを設け、
短時間の瞬時停電時及び停電開始の初期時に前記補助用蓄電池の電力を前記バッテリの電力よりも先に放電させることを特徴とする充放電方法。 An uninterruptible power supply having a battery that supplies power to a load device at the time of a power failure is provided with a storage battery or a large-capacity capacitor that is used as an auxiliary storage battery for the battery and is charged at a higher voltage than the battery,
The charging / discharging method characterized by discharging the electric power of the auxiliary storage battery before the electric power of the battery at the time of a short-time instantaneous power failure and the initial stage of the power failure. 前記蓄電池または大容量キャパシタが、瞬時停電及び電圧変動を含む短時間の停電時に電力バックアップを実施可能とし、小容量で、かつ多数連続した充放電の実施時に性能劣化しにくいことを特徴とする請求項４記載の充放電方法。   The storage battery or the large-capacity capacitor can perform power backup at the time of a short-time power failure including instantaneous power failure and voltage fluctuation, and has a small capacity and hardly deteriorates in performance at the time of continuous charge / discharge. Item 5. The charge / discharge method according to Item 4. 前記無停電電源装置に、前記短時間の停電が発生した際に前記バッテリより先に前記保持蓄電池から放電が行われるインバータ回路と、その間に停電が復旧した場合に前記バッテリが放電しないように電池の放電電流を制御しかつ前記停電が長引いた場合に前記バッテリからも放電を行う回路とを設けたことを特徴とする請求項４または請求項５記載の充放電方法。   In the uninterruptible power supply device, when the short-time power failure occurs, an inverter circuit that discharges from the storage battery prior to the battery, and a battery so that the battery is not discharged when the power failure is restored 6. The charge / discharge method according to claim 4, further comprising a circuit that controls the discharge current of the battery and discharges the battery even when the power failure is prolonged.
JP2012254807A 2012-11-21 2012-11-21 Uninterruptible power supply device and charge/discharge method used therefor Pending JP2014103794A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190067726A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-17 한연수 Uninterruptible Power Supply Including Energy Storage Part And Method Of Driving The Same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190067726A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-17 한연수 Uninterruptible Power Supply Including Energy Storage Part And Method Of Driving The Same
KR102281808B1 (en) * 2017-12-07 2021-07-27 한연수 Uninterruptible Power Supply Including Energy Storage Part And Method Of Driving The Same

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