JP2014082073A - Power storage element and power supply module - Google Patents

Power storage element and power supply module Download PDF

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JP2014082073A
JP2014082073A JP2012228484A JP2012228484A JP2014082073A JP 2014082073 A JP2014082073 A JP 2014082073A JP 2012228484 A JP2012228484 A JP 2012228484A JP 2012228484 A JP2012228484 A JP 2012228484A JP 2014082073 A JP2014082073 A JP 2014082073A
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short
electrode terminal
storage container
film
resistance portion
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JP6194572B2 (en
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Yoshitaka Ishida
義貴 石田
Atsushi Funabiki
厚志 船引
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GS Yuasa Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure the safety against overcharge and the like.SOLUTION: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 comprises: a power generation element 11; a housing container constituted of a container main body 10 housing the power generation element 11, and a lid part 20; electrode members 50 of a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to the power generation element 11; and a short-circuit mechanism including conductive metal films 31 short-circuiting the electrode members 50 of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 has a resistor provided on a short-circuit path between the electrode member 50 of the positive electrode and the electrode member 50 of the negative electrode, and constituted of a resistive element 33 suppressing current flowing between terminals and a contacted plate 32.

Description

本発明は、例えば二次電池その他の電池等の蓄電素子及び電源モジュールに関する。   The present invention relates to a power storage module and a power supply module such as a secondary battery and other batteries.

二次電池は、一次電池の置きかえ用途はもとより、携帯電話、IT機器などの電子機器の電源として広く普及している。とりわけ、リチウムイオン電池に代表される非水電解質二次電池は、高エネルギー密度であることから、電気自動車などの産業用大型電気機器への応用も進められている。   Secondary batteries are widely used as power sources for electronic devices such as mobile phones and IT devices, as well as for replacing primary batteries. In particular, since non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries represented by lithium ion batteries have high energy density, they are also being applied to industrial large electric devices such as electric vehicles.

このような二次電池においては、高い安全性が求められており、例えばシステムの故障による過充電時においても安全である必要がある。そうした技術の一例として、特許文献1においては、過充電に伴う電池容器の内圧上昇を利用して正負電極間を短絡させることにより二次電池の熱暴走や破裂を防止する、とされる技術が開示されている。   Such a secondary battery is required to have high safety, and needs to be safe even during overcharge due to a system failure, for example. As an example of such a technique, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for preventing thermal runaway and rupture of a secondary battery by short-circuiting between positive and negative electrodes using an increase in internal pressure of a battery container accompanying overcharge. It is disclosed.

特開2011−018645号公報JP 2011-018645 A

しかしながら、特許文献1のような従来の技術による二次電池の構成においては、短絡時に電極間を流れる電流が過大となり、短絡自体によって生ずる火花に起因する不具合、又は短絡状態が安定して維持できない等、安全性を十分に確保できないといった課題があった。   However, in the configuration of the secondary battery according to the conventional technique such as Patent Document 1, the current flowing between the electrodes becomes excessive at the time of the short circuit, and the malfunction caused by the spark caused by the short circuit itself, or the short circuit state cannot be stably maintained. There was a problem that safety could not be secured sufficiently.

本発明は、上記の課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することが可能な蓄電素子及びそれを含んだ電源モジュールを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power storage element capable of ensuring safety against overcharge and the like and a power supply module including the same.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の第1の側面は、
発電要素と、
前記発電要素を収納する収納容器と、
前記発電要素と接続された正極及び負極の電極端子と、
前記正極の電極端子と前記負極の電極端子とを短絡させる短絡機構とを備え、
前記正極の電極端子と前記負極の電極端子との短絡経路上に設けられた抵抗部を有する、
蓄電素子である。
In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides:
Power generation elements,
A storage container for storing the power generation element;
Positive and negative electrode terminals connected to the power generation element;
A short-circuit mechanism for short-circuiting the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal;
Having a resistance portion provided on a short-circuit path between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal;
It is a power storage element.

又、本発明の第2の側面は、
前記抵抗部は前記短絡機構の一部として構成されている、
本発明の第1の側面の蓄電素子である。
The second aspect of the present invention is
The resistance portion is configured as a part of the short-circuit mechanism,
It is an electrical storage element of the 1st side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第3の側面は、
前記収納容器は導電性を有し、
前記短絡機構は前記収納容器の使用状態に応じて片方向に動作して前記収納容器と前記正極の電極端子及び前記負極の電極端子との間を電気的に接続し、
前記抵抗部は前記収納容器と前記電極端子との間の機械的な接点になっている、
本発明の第2の側面の蓄電素子である。
The third aspect of the present invention is
The storage container has conductivity,
The short-circuit mechanism operates in one direction according to the usage state of the storage container to electrically connect the storage container and the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal;
The resistance portion is a mechanical contact between the storage container and the electrode terminal,
It is an electrical storage element of the 2nd side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第4の側面は、
前記短絡機構は、
前記収納容器の壁体の一部として設けられた導電可能な膜を有し、
前記抵抗部は、前記膜に対向して位置するとともに、前記電極端子と導通可能に接続され、
前記抵抗部と前記膜は、前記膜が前記収納容器の外面方向に対して凸に湾曲したときに前記抵抗部に接する距離にて離隔している、
本発明の第3の側面の蓄電素子である。
The fourth aspect of the present invention is
The short-circuit mechanism is
Having a conductive film provided as part of the wall of the storage container;
The resistance portion is positioned opposite to the film and is connected to the electrode terminal so as to be conductive.
The resistance portion and the membrane are separated by a distance that contacts the resistance portion when the membrane is convexly curved with respect to the outer surface direction of the storage container.
It is an electrical storage element of the 3rd side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第5の側面は、
前記抵抗部は、抵抗材料と導電材料とを含むものである、
本発明の第1から第4のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子である。
The fifth aspect of the present invention is
The resistance portion includes a resistance material and a conductive material.
It is an electrical storage element of any one of the 1st to 4th side of the present invention.

又、本発明の第6の側面は、
前記抵抗材料は導電性セラミックである、
本発明の第5の側面の蓄電素子である。
The sixth aspect of the present invention is
The resistive material is a conductive ceramic;
It is an electrical storage element of the 5th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第7の側面は、
前記抵抗部及び前記膜は、前記収納容器の表面上において、前記正極の電極端子と前記負極の電極端子との間に位置している、
本発明の第4から第6のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子である。
The seventh aspect of the present invention is
The resistor and the film are located between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal on the surface of the storage container,
It is an electrical storage element of the 4th to 6th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第8の側面は、
前記膜は、前記正極及び負極の電極端子の双方に対応してそれぞれ設けられている、
本発明の第4から第7のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子である。
The eighth aspect of the present invention is
The film is provided corresponding to both the positive electrode and the negative electrode terminal,
It is an electrical storage element in any one of the 4th-7th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第9の側面は、
前記膜は、前記収納容器に1個設けられている、
本発明の第4から第7のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子である。
The ninth aspect of the present invention is
One film is provided in the storage container.
It is an electrical storage element in any one of the 4th-7th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第10の側面は、
前記収納容器は、前記正極及び負極の電極端子のいずれか一方と同一の電位が設定されている、
本発明の第9の側面の蓄電素子である。
The tenth aspect of the present invention provides
The storage container is set to the same potential as any one of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal.
It is an electrical storage element of the 9th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第11の側面は、
前記抵抗部の、前記膜と対向する側の主面の一部は、前記膜に対して突出している、
本発明の第4から第10のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子である。
The eleventh aspect of the present invention is
A part of the main surface of the resistance portion on the side facing the film protrudes from the film.
4 is a power storage device according to any one of the fourth to tenth aspects of the present invention.

又、本発明の第12の側面は、
前記抵抗部の、前記膜と対向する側の主面の前記一部は、陵を形成している、
本発明の第11の側面の蓄電素子である。
The twelfth aspect of the present invention is
The part of the main surface of the resistance portion on the side facing the film forms a ridge,
It is an electrical storage element of the 11th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第13の側面は、
前記抵抗部の、前記膜と対向する側の主面は、粗面を形成している、
本発明の第4から第12のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子である。
The thirteenth aspect of the present invention provides
The main surface of the resistance portion on the side facing the film forms a rough surface.
It is an electrical storage element of the 4th to 12th side surface of this invention.

又、本発明の第14の側面は、
本発明の第1から第13のいずれかの側面の蓄電素子を少なくとも一つ含んでなる電源モジュールである。
The fourteenth aspect of the present invention is
A power supply module comprising at least one power storage element according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects of the present invention.

以上のような本発明によれば、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することが可能になるという効果が得られる。   According to the present invention as described above, there is an effect that it is possible to ensure safety against overcharge and the like.

本発明の実施の形態1に係る非水電解質二次電池の構成を示す分解斜視図1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態1に係る非水電解質二次電池の構成を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention (a)本発明の動作を説明するための要部断面図(b)本発明の動作を説明するための要部断面図(A) Main part sectional view for explaining the operation of the present invention (b) Main part sectional view for explaining the operation of the present invention 本発明の実施の形態1に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図Cross-sectional view of relevant parts showing another configuration example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (a)本発明の実施の形態1に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図(b)本発明の実施の形態1に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図(A) Main part sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention (b) Other of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention Cross-sectional view of the main part showing an example (a)本発明の実施の形態2に係る非水電解質二次電池の構成を示す要部断面図(b)被接触板の構成を示す斜視図(A) Main part sectional drawing which shows the structure of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention (b) The perspective view which shows the structure of a to-be-contacted plate (a)本発明の実施の形態2に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図(b)被接触板の他の構成例を示す斜視図(c)被接触板の他の構成例を示す斜視図(A) Main part sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention (b) The perspective view which shows the other structural example of a to-be-contacted board (c) To-be-contacted board The perspective view which shows the other structural example (a)本発明の実施の形態2に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図(b)被接触板の他の構成例を示す斜視図(A) Main part sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention (b) The perspective view which shows the other structural example of a to-be-contacted plate 本発明の実施の形態に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention 本発明の実施の形態に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention 本発明の実施の形態に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention (a)本発明の実施の形態に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図(b)本発明の実施の形態に係る非水電解質二次電池の他の構成例を示す要部断面図(A) Main part sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention (b) Other structural example of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention Sectional view showing the main parts

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
(実施の形態1)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)

図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る非水電解質二次電池1の模式的な構成を示す分解斜視図である。   FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

図1に示すように、本実施の形態の非水電解質二次電池1は、アルミニウム製の板状の蓋部20と開口箱状の容器本体10から構成される外形六面体の収納容器を外装として備える。この収納容器は良導体であるアルミニウム製であるため導電性を有している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 according to the present embodiment has an outer hexahedral storage container composed of an aluminum plate-shaped lid 20 and an open box-shaped container body 10 as an exterior. Prepare. Since this storage container is made of aluminum which is a good conductor, it has conductivity.

蓋部20の両端には、表面から盛り上がった平面形状矩形の凸部21がそれぞれ形成されており、凸部21の主面上には貫通孔21aが開口されている。又、蓋部20の中央には圧力弁23が設けられている。圧力弁23と凸部21との間には貫通孔22が開口されており、貫通孔22は後述する導電性金属膜31により封止されている。更に圧力弁23の近傍には電解液注入用の注液口24が蓋部20の裏面まで貫通しており、注液口24は、蓋部20と容器本体10とが接合され、電解液が注液された後に封止栓25により封止される。   At both ends of the lid part 20, a planar rectangular convex part 21 rising from the surface is formed, and a through hole 21 a is opened on the main surface of the convex part 21. A pressure valve 23 is provided at the center of the lid 20. A through hole 22 is opened between the pressure valve 23 and the convex portion 21, and the through hole 22 is sealed with a conductive metal film 31 described later. Further, a liquid injection port 24 for injecting an electrolytic solution penetrates to the back surface of the lid part 20 in the vicinity of the pressure valve 23, and the liquid injection port 24 joins the lid part 20 and the container body 10 so that the electrolytic solution is After the liquid is injected, it is sealed with a sealing plug 25.

次に、蓋部20の上方には、容器本体10に内蔵された発電要素と電気的に接続するとともに外部負荷等と接続するための電極部材50が設けられている。電極部材50は、導電性金属製の板状の接続板51と、接続板51から蓋部20側に向かって突き出した円柱状の中継桿52とを有し、中継桿52が蓋部20の貫通孔21aに挿入され容器本体10内で発電要素に接続されることにより、接続板51と蓋部20とが後述する絶縁封止材40a及び40bを挟み込むようにして蓋部20上に固定される。なお、電極部材50において、接続板51と中継桿52とは、鍛造、鋳造等によって同一の素材から構成されていてもよいし、独立した2つの異種又は同種材料の素材を一体成形することにより構成されていてもよい。   Next, an electrode member 50 is provided above the lid portion 20 to be electrically connected to a power generation element built in the container body 10 and to be connected to an external load or the like. The electrode member 50 includes a conductive metal plate-like connection plate 51 and a cylindrical relay rod 52 protruding from the connection plate 51 toward the lid portion 20, and the relay rod 52 is formed on the lid portion 20. By being inserted into the through-hole 21a and connected to the power generation element in the container body 10, the connection plate 51 and the lid 20 are fixed on the lid 20 so as to sandwich insulating sealing materials 40a and 40b described later. The In the electrode member 50, the connection plate 51 and the relay rod 52 may be made of the same material by forging, casting, or the like, or by integrally molding two independent or different materials. It may be configured.

電極部材50の接続板51と蓋部20との間には、導電性金属膜31及び凸部21のそれぞれの位置に対応して、絶縁封止材40a及び40bが配置される。絶縁封止材40aは合成樹脂等の絶縁性及び一定の弾性を備えた合成樹脂製の部材であり、主面41aとその周囲に設けられた枠体42aとを有し、枠体42aの周囲には、主面41aと隣接した外形矩形の貫通孔43が開口されている。絶縁封止材40bも絶縁封止材40aと同様の材質であって、主面41b及び枠体42bを有し、主面41b上には、凸部21の貫通孔21aに対応した位置に貫通孔44が開口されている。又、主面41bの裏側には貫通孔44から延伸して形成された筒部45が設けられている。   Insulating sealing materials 40 a and 40 b are disposed between the connection plate 51 of the electrode member 50 and the lid portion 20 in correspondence with the positions of the conductive metal film 31 and the convex portion 21. The insulating sealing material 40a is a synthetic resin member having insulating properties and certain elasticity such as synthetic resin, and has a main surface 41a and a frame body 42a provided around the main surface 41a. A through-hole 43 having a rectangular outer shape adjacent to the main surface 41a is opened. The insulating sealing material 40b is also made of the same material as the insulating sealing material 40a, and has a main surface 41b and a frame body 42b. The main surface 41b penetrates to a position corresponding to the through hole 21a of the convex portion 21. A hole 44 is opened. A cylindrical portion 45 formed by extending from the through hole 44 is provided on the back side of the main surface 41b.

更に、絶縁封止材40aと絶縁封止材40bがそれぞれ対向する側には枠体42a及び42bのいずれも設けられておらず、主面41a及び41bは面一になって接続板51の蓋部20に対向する側の主面に当接している。   Further, neither of the frame bodies 42a and 42b is provided on the side where the insulating sealing material 40a and the insulating sealing material 40b face each other, and the main surfaces 41a and 41b are flush with each other and the lid of the connection plate 51 is provided. It is in contact with the main surface on the side facing the portion 20.

次に、導電性金属膜31と絶縁封止材40aとの間には、蓋部20側からの順で、被接触板32、抵抗体33が積層配置されている。被接触板32はアルミ又は銅といった良導体の金属材料から構成された板状の部材であって、非水電解質二次電池1が通常使用される状態においては、導電性金属膜31と対向し、かつ離隔して配置される。   Next, between the conductive metal film 31 and the insulating sealing material 40a, the contacted plate 32 and the resistor 33 are stacked in order from the lid 20 side. The to-be-contacted plate 32 is a plate-like member made of a metal material of a good conductor such as aluminum or copper, and faces the conductive metal film 31 in a state where the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 is normally used. And spaced apart.

又、抵抗体33は、収納容器、電極部材50、集電体12、被接触板32その他非水電解質二次電池1の通電可能な部分の各材料よりも抵抗値の高い導電性材料により構成された板状の部材である。抵抗体33は、絶縁封止材40aの貫通孔43内に配置され、被接触板32及び電極部材50の接続板51に挟まれ面接触している。   Further, the resistor 33 is made of a conductive material having a higher resistance value than each material of the enclosing container, the electrode member 50, the current collector 12, the contacted plate 32, and other portions where the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 can be energized. It is the plate-shaped member made. The resistor 33 is disposed in the through hole 43 of the insulating sealing material 40 a and is in surface contact between the contacted plate 32 and the connection plate 51 of the electrode member 50.

次に、図2及び図3(a)を参照して、非水電解質二次電池1の内部を説明する。ただし図2は、蓋部20の長手方向に平行な直線による断面図であり、図3は電極部材50近傍の構成を示す要部断面図である。   Next, the inside of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3A. However, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lid portion 20, and FIG. 3 is a main-part cross-sectional view showing a configuration in the vicinity of the electrode member 50.

図2に示すように、容器本体10に収納された発電要素11は、帯状の電極である正極と負極を、セパレータを介して長円筒形に巻回した構成を有する。巻回された状態において、正極及び負極は巻回軸の両端の異なる方向に位置をずらして配置されており、発電要素11の両端において、それぞれ所定の幅でセパレータから突出している。更に、各電極の端部は活物質が担持されておらず、基材である金属箔が露出している。発電要素11の端部にはみ出した金属箔としての極には、導電性の金属部材から構成された集電体12が接続される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the power generation element 11 housed in the container body 10 has a configuration in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are band-shaped electrodes, are wound into a long cylindrical shape via a separator. In the wound state, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged with their positions shifted in different directions at both ends of the winding shaft, and project from the separator with a predetermined width at both ends of the power generation element 11. Furthermore, the active material is not supported at the end of each electrode, and the metal foil as the base material is exposed. A current collector 12 made of a conductive metal member is connected to a pole as a metal foil protruding from the end of the power generation element 11.

集電体12の一端は、発電要素11の表面と平行に延伸した板状の圧接部12aとして、絶縁封止材13を間に挟んで、蓋部20の凸部21の裏側に圧接されている。なお、圧接部12a及び絶縁封止材13の中央には電極部材50の中継桿52が貫通されており、中継桿52が貫通した中継桿52の端部がかしめ端52aとしてかしめ加工されることにより集電体12は蓋部20に圧接、固定される。   One end of the current collector 12 is pressed against the back side of the convex portion 21 of the lid portion 20 with the insulating sealing material 13 interposed therebetween as a plate-like pressure contact portion 12 a extending parallel to the surface of the power generation element 11. Yes. In addition, the relay rod 52 of the electrode member 50 is penetrated in the center of the press-contact part 12a and the insulating sealing material 13, and the edge part of the relay rod 52 which the relay rod 52 penetrated is crimped as the crimping end 52a. Thus, the current collector 12 is pressed and fixed to the lid portion 20.

又、集電体12の他端は発電要素11の側面に向かって湾曲して、発電要素11の側面に露出した巻回状態の金属箔としての一方の極と共に、金属製の挟持板14に挟まれて超音波溶接等により接続、固定されている。なお、図中においては一方の極側の構成のみに符号を付して説明を行うが、基材の材質(正極はアルミニウム、負極は銅)が異なることを除けば、他方の極側も同様の構成を有する。   Further, the other end of the current collector 12 is curved toward the side surface of the power generation element 11, and is attached to the metal holding plate 14 together with one pole as a wound metal foil exposed on the side surface of the power generation element 11. It is sandwiched and connected and fixed by ultrasonic welding or the like. In the figure, only the configuration on one pole side is described with reference numerals, but the other pole side is the same except that the material of the base material (aluminum for the positive electrode and copper for the negative electrode) is different. It has the composition of.

以上の構成において、正および負の両電極部材50は、絶縁封止材13、40bにより蓋部20と電気的に絶縁されており、収納容器である蓋部20、容器本体10は中間電位となっている。非水電解質二次電池の設計においては、目的に応じて、収納容器が、中間電位となるように設計してもよいし、正または負のどちらかの極と同電位となるように設計してもよい。一般に複数の非水電解質二次電池を接続して電源モジュールとして使用する場合は、通常使用時において不注意に短絡などさせないように、非水電解質二次電池の収納容器は中間電位とする場合が多い。   In the above configuration, both the positive and negative electrode members 50 are electrically insulated from the lid portion 20 by the insulating sealing materials 13 and 40b, and the lid portion 20 and the container body 10 which are storage containers have an intermediate potential. It has become. In designing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the storage container may be designed to have an intermediate potential, or designed to have the same potential as either the positive or negative electrode, depending on the purpose. May be. In general, when connecting multiple non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries to use as a power supply module, the storage container for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries may have an intermediate potential so as not to inadvertently short-circuit during normal use. Many.

次に、図2及び図3に示すように、絶縁封止材40a及び40bの蓋部20に対向する側の主面には、いずれも主面を取り囲む枠体46a及び46bが形成されており、枠体46a及び46bが隣接してなる隔壁により、蓋部20上において凸部21が位置する空間と導電性金属膜31が位置する空間とは隔絶されている。   Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, frame bodies 46a and 46b surrounding the main surface are formed on the main surfaces of the insulating sealing materials 40a and 40b on the side facing the lid portion 20. The space where the convex portion 21 is located on the lid portion 20 and the space where the conductive metal film 31 is located are separated from each other by a partition wall in which the frame bodies 46a and 46b are adjacent to each other.

又、導電性金属膜31は、発電要素11に向かって凸の形状を有し、蓋部20の外側から見て中央が凹むように湾曲したすり鉢状の外形を有する、アルミニウム製の薄膜を材料とする部材である。導電性金属膜31は、周縁が蓋部20の貫通孔22の周囲にレーザ溶接等により接合されることにより、蓋部20と電気的な良導性を保持した状態で貫通孔22を封止している。なお、先に説明したように、絶縁封止材40a内において、被接触板32は枠体46aにより固定され、導電性金属膜31と対向し、かつ離隔して配置されている。又、被接触板32、抵抗体33及び接続板51は互いに導電性接着剤で接続され、電気的接続を保った積層状態を形成している。   The conductive metal film 31 is made of an aluminum thin film having a convex shape toward the power generation element 11 and a mortar-shaped outer shape curved so that the center is recessed when viewed from the outside of the lid 20. It is a member. The conductive metal film 31 is sealed around the through hole 22 of the lid 20 by laser welding or the like, thereby sealing the through hole 22 while maintaining electrical conductivity with the lid 20. doing. As described above, in the insulating sealing material 40a, the contacted plate 32 is fixed by the frame body 46a, is opposed to the conductive metal film 31, and is spaced apart. Further, the contacted plate 32, the resistor 33, and the connection plate 51 are connected to each other with a conductive adhesive to form a laminated state in which electrical connection is maintained.

以上の構成において、容器本体10と蓋部20との組合せは本発明の収納容器に相当する。又、電極部材50は本発明の電極端子に相当する。又、被接触板32、抵抗体33及び蓋部20の貫通孔22を含めた導電性金属膜31は、本発明の短絡機構を構成する。さらに被接触板32及び抵抗体33は本発明の抵抗部を構成し、導電性金属膜31は本発明の膜に相当する。   In the above configuration, the combination of the container body 10 and the lid 20 corresponds to the storage container of the present invention. The electrode member 50 corresponds to the electrode terminal of the present invention. Further, the conductive metal film 31 including the contacted plate 32, the resistor 33, and the through hole 22 of the lid portion 20 constitutes a short-circuit mechanism of the present invention. Further, the contacted plate 32 and the resistor 33 constitute a resistance portion of the present invention, and the conductive metal film 31 corresponds to the film of the present invention.

このような本実施の形態1の非水電解質二次電池1は、電極部材50の接続板51と蓋部20との間に、上記抵抗部を内蔵した短絡機構を備えたことを特徴とする。   The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 of the first embodiment as described above is characterized in that a short-circuit mechanism including the above-described resistance portion is provided between the connection plate 51 of the electrode member 50 and the lid portion 20. .

以下、図3(a)(b)の各要部断面図を参照して説明する。非水電解質二次電池1の通常使用時においては、導電性金属膜31は図3(a)に示すように、蓋部20に対して凹んだ外形を保持している。   Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to the cross-sectional views of the main parts of FIGS. During normal use of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1, the conductive metal film 31 holds a recessed outer shape with respect to the lid portion 20 as shown in FIG.

一方、充電中に過充電状態となった場合は、収納容器に封入された電解液の分解や発電要素11に起因するガスが発生する。これに伴い収納容器内の圧力が上昇すると、導電性金属膜31は、この圧力を受けて、図3(b)に示すように、蓋部20から持ち上がり上向きに凸となるよう変形する。このとき、導電性金属膜31と被接触板32とが接触することにより、電極部材50と蓋部20とが、抵抗体33を介して電気的に接続される。   On the other hand, when the battery is overcharged during charging, gas resulting from decomposition of the electrolytic solution sealed in the storage container and the power generation element 11 is generated. When the pressure in the storage container rises along with this, the conductive metal film 31 receives this pressure and is deformed so as to be raised from the lid 20 and convex upward as shown in FIG. At this time, when the conductive metal film 31 and the contacted plate 32 are in contact with each other, the electrode member 50 and the lid portion 20 are electrically connected via the resistor 33.

図3(b)に示す状態が、正負両側の電極部材50にて生じた場合、非水電解質二次電池1の両極は、それぞれの導電性金属膜31を介して蓋部20に接続され、短絡する。これにより、非水電解質二次電池1の充電状態が安全な領域まで下がり、過充電に起因する電池の発熱、破損等を抑制することが可能となる。   When the state shown in FIG. 3B occurs in the electrode members 50 on both the positive and negative sides, both electrodes of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 are connected to the lid portion 20 via the respective conductive metal films 31. Short circuit. Thereby, the charge state of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 is lowered to a safe region, and it becomes possible to suppress the heat generation, damage, etc. of the battery due to overcharge.

本実施の形態1の非水電解質二次電池1は、更に、上述の短絡状態において電極部材50の接続板51と導電性金属膜31とが、被接触板32及び抵抗体33を介して電気的に接続される。   In the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 of the first embodiment, the connection plate 51 of the electrode member 50 and the conductive metal film 31 are further electrically connected via the contacted plate 32 and the resistor 33 in the short-circuit state described above. Connected.

従来の短絡防止機構においては、良導体である導電性金属膜31と接続板51とが直接接することにより、蓋部20を含めた正負の電極部材50間がなす回路に過大な電流が流れ、電極部材50の部材を過熱し、ひいてはアーク放電により電極部材50近傍が破損してしまう恐れがあった。更には、短絡した電極部材50と導電性金属膜31とが再度離隔してしまい、安全なSOC(State of Charge)領域までの放電が不可能になってしまう恐れがあった。   In the conventional short-circuit prevention mechanism, when the conductive metal film 31 that is a good conductor and the connection plate 51 are in direct contact with each other, an excessive current flows in a circuit formed between the positive and negative electrode members 50 including the lid portion 20. The member of the member 50 was overheated, and as a result, the vicinity of the electrode member 50 could be damaged by arc discharge. Further, the shorted electrode member 50 and the conductive metal film 31 are separated again, and there is a possibility that discharge to a safe SOC (State of Charge) region may be impossible.

これに対し、本実施の形態1においては、短絡を生ずる経路の一部に抵抗部を設けたことにより、正負の電極部材50間の電流を抑制して、電極部材50や蓋部20の過熱を防ぎつつ、安全に電極端子間を短絡させることを可能としている。これにより、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することができる。   On the other hand, in the first embodiment, by providing the resistance portion in a part of the path that causes the short circuit, the current between the positive and negative electrode members 50 is suppressed, and the electrode member 50 and the lid portion 20 are overheated. This makes it possible to safely short-circuit between the electrode terminals. Thereby, the safety | security with respect to an overcharge etc. can be ensured.

ここで、抵抗部の抵抗体33としては、導電性セラミックを用いることが望ましい。導電性セラミックは、被接触板32の金属材料より高い抵抗値を有するのみならず、蓋部20や被接触板32に用いられる金属材料に比して硬度や耐熱性が高いため、短絡時に溶融による短絡不能を防ぐことができる。したがって、導電性金属膜31と被接触板32の離隔距離を安定して保持することができ、過充電抑制の信頼性を向上することができる。   Here, it is desirable to use a conductive ceramic as the resistor 33 of the resistance portion. The conductive ceramic not only has a higher resistance value than the metal material of the contacted plate 32 but also has higher hardness and heat resistance than the metal material used for the lid 20 and the contacted plate 32, so it melts at the time of short circuit. Inability to short-circuit due to can be prevented. Therefore, the separation distance between the conductive metal film 31 and the contacted plate 32 can be stably maintained, and the reliability of overcharge suppression can be improved.

又、抵抗部の与える抵抗値は、短絡時に形成される、正負の電極部材50や蓋部20等を含む電気回路を流れる電流が、電極部材50、抵抗体33及び被接触板32等の非水電解質二次電池1の各材料に溶融等の損傷を生じさせることなく、且つ、速やかに安全なSOC領域まで放電できる程度の大きさを与える値となることが望ましい。   Further, the resistance value given by the resistance portion is such that the current flowing through the electric circuit including the positive and negative electrode members 50 and the lid portion 20 formed at the time of a short circuit is not in the electrode member 50, the resistor 33, the contacted plate 32, etc. It is desirable to have a value that gives a size that can discharge quickly to a safe SOC region without causing damage such as melting in each material of the water electrolyte secondary battery 1.

又、本実施の形態1においては、抵抗部を抵抗体33及び被接触板32の積層体として実現している。抵抗体33の厚み寸法及び導電性金属膜31の収納容器の内圧上昇時の凸寸法は、電流制限、膜の特性などから、それぞれ決められる。ここで良導体である被接触板32の厚み寸法を調整することにより、非水電解質二次電池1が過充電により内圧上昇した際に、抵抗体33と導電性金属膜31とを適切に電気的に導通させることができる。   In the first embodiment, the resistance portion is realized as a laminated body of the resistor 33 and the contacted plate 32. The thickness dimension of the resistor 33 and the convex dimension when the internal pressure of the storage container of the conductive metal film 31 is increased are determined from the current limit, the characteristics of the film, and the like. Here, by adjusting the thickness dimension of the contact plate 32 which is a good conductor, when the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 is increased in internal pressure due to overcharging, the resistor 33 and the conductive metal film 31 are appropriately electrically connected. Can be conducted.

また、抵抗部の抵抗値をこれら抵抗体と被接触板の組合せとして調整してもよい。抵抗体33の材質を異ならせる、あるいは枚数を増減することにより、非水電解質二次電池1や充電器の定格の変化に柔軟に対応することが可能となる。   Moreover, you may adjust the resistance value of a resistance part as a combination of these resistors and a to-be-contacted board. By making the material of the resistor 33 different or increasing / decreasing the number of the resistors 33, it becomes possible to flexibly cope with changes in the ratings of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 and the charger.

なお、本発明の抵抗部は、被接触板32及び抵抗体33の積層体の他、図4に示すように、単体の抵抗体34として実現してもよい。抵抗体34は抵抗体33同様抵抗率の大きな金属材料性もしくは導電性セラミックスの部材であって、各部材間の隙間を減じて、主面間における放電不能の恐れを抑制することができる。また、部品点数を削減して電極部材50周りの作成の工程を簡略化することも可能となる。   Note that the resistance portion of the present invention may be realized as a single resistor 34 as shown in FIG. 4 in addition to the laminated body of the contacted plate 32 and the resistor 33. The resistor 34 is a metal material or conductive ceramic member having a high resistivity like the resistor 33. The resistor 34 can reduce the gap between the members and suppress the possibility of discharge failure between the main surfaces. In addition, the number of parts can be reduced to simplify the manufacturing process around the electrode member 50.

又、本実施の形態1においては、導電性金属膜31は蓋部20の外側から見て中央が凹むように湾曲したすり鉢状の外形を有するものとしたが、内圧上昇時に凸に変形して被接触板32と接触可能に変形できれば、通常使用時の外形は平坦な形状を有するものとしてもよい。   Further, in the first embodiment, the conductive metal film 31 has a mortar-shaped outer shape that is curved so that the center is recessed when viewed from the outside of the lid portion 20. As long as it can be deformed so as to be able to come into contact with the plate to be contacted 32, the outer shape during normal use may have a flat shape.

更に、導電性金属膜31はアルミから作成するものとしたが、ニッケル又はステンレス製であるとしてもよく、この場合、材料の融点が高いので、アルミの場合より溶融等の損傷が生じにくい利点がある。   Furthermore, although the conductive metal film 31 is made of aluminum, it may be made of nickel or stainless steel. In this case, since the melting point of the material is high, there is an advantage that damage such as melting is less likely to occur than in the case of aluminum. is there.

又、上記の説明においては、本発明の抵抗部は、図3(a)の被接触板32及び抵抗体33から構成されるもののように、電極部材50の接続板51と被接触板32との間に配置されるものとしたが、図5(a)に示すように、被接触板32と導電性金属膜31との間に配置されるものとしてもよい。   In the above description, the resistance portion of the present invention includes the connection plate 51 and the contact plate 32 of the electrode member 50, as in the case of the contact portion 32 and the resistor 33 shown in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 5A, it may be arranged between the contacted plate 32 and the conductive metal film 31.

図5(a)の構成例においては、被接触板32と接続板51との間には、被接触板32と同様の良導性を有する金属板35を配置し、蓋部20側には、外形円錐台状の導電性金属膜31aを設けた。導電性金属膜31aの底面には、抵抗体36が導電接着剤等により接合されている。なお、被接触板32及び金属板35は一体部品として作製されてもよい。   In the configuration example of FIG. 5A, a metal plate 35 having good conductivity similar to that of the contacted plate 32 is disposed between the contacted plate 32 and the connection plate 51, and on the lid 20 side. A conductive metal film 31a having a truncated cone shape is provided. A resistor 36 is bonded to the bottom surface of the conductive metal film 31a by a conductive adhesive or the like. In addition, the to-be-contacted plate 32 and the metal plate 35 may be produced as an integral part.

収納容器内の圧力が上昇すると、導電性金属膜31aは、図5(b)に示すように、蓋部20から持ち上がり、図中上向きに凸となるよう変形する。このとき、導電性金属膜31aと被接触板32は、抵抗体36を介して接触することにより電気的に接続される。   When the pressure in the storage container rises, the conductive metal film 31a is lifted from the lid 20 as shown in FIG. 5 (b), and is deformed so as to protrude upward in the figure. At this time, the conductive metal film 31 a and the contacted plate 32 are electrically connected by contacting via the resistor 36.

このように、本発明の抵抗部は、短絡機構において任意の箇所に配置することができる。   Thus, the resistance part of this invention can be arrange | positioned in arbitrary places in a short circuit mechanism.

又、図5(a)(b)の構成と、図3〜図4の構成とを双方備えた構成としてもよい。
(実施の形態2)
Moreover, it is good also as a structure provided with both the structure of Fig.5 (a) (b) and the structure of FIGS. 3-4.
(Embodiment 2)

本発明の実施の形態2に係る非水電解質二次電池は、導電性金属膜と被接触板との接触を良好に行わせることを特徴とする。以下、図6(a)の要部断面図を参照して説明を行う。ただし、実施の形態1の図3(a)(b)と同一又は相当する構成については、同一符号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。   The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the conductive metal film and the contacted plate are satisfactorily contacted. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. However, components that are the same as or equivalent to those in FIGS. 3A and 3B of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

本実施の形態2の非水電解質二次電池は、実施の形態1の被接触板32に換えて、四角錐状の外形を有する被接触板32aを備えている。図6(b)に示すように、被接触板32aは、平面形状において被接触板32と同一の矩形の底面を有し、絶縁封止材40a内において、頂点32a1と四枚の角錐面32a2が蓋部20側に対向するように配置されている。   The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the second embodiment includes a contacted plate 32a having a quadrangular pyramid shape instead of the contacted plate 32 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6B, the contacted plate 32a has the same rectangular bottom surface as the contacted plate 32 in a planar shape, and apex 32a1 and four pyramid surfaces 32a2 in the insulating sealing material 40a. Is arranged to face the lid 20 side.

したがって、図6(a)に示すように、過充電により内圧が上昇し導電性金属膜31が変形した場合、上方に湾曲した膜の表面は被接触板32aの頂点32a1に食い込みながら、角錐面32a2のそれぞれと接触する。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the internal pressure rises due to overcharging and the conductive metal film 31 is deformed, the surface of the upwardly curved film bites into the apex 32a1 of the contacted plate 32a, and the pyramid surface It contacts each of 32a2.

図1に示す構成例においては、変形した導電性金属膜31と被接触板32との接触は、点接触に近い面接触となり、抵抗体による調整を越えた電流が流れ、スパーク等を起こした場合に、短絡した電極部材50と導電性金属膜31とが再度離隔してしまう恐れがある。   In the configuration example shown in FIG. 1, the contact between the deformed conductive metal film 31 and the contacted plate 32 is a surface contact close to a point contact, and a current exceeding the adjustment by the resistor flows to cause a spark or the like. In some cases, the shorted electrode member 50 and the conductive metal film 31 may be separated again.

これに対し、本実施の形態2においては、被接触板32aが導電性金属膜31の曲面に食い込んで周囲に面接触するよう角錐状の形状を有することで、スパークの勢いに抗して両者の接触をより緊密に保つようにしている。これにより、過電流に抗して短絡状態を維持して、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することができる。   On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the contacted plate 32a has a pyramid shape so as to bite into the curved surface of the conductive metal film 31 and come into surface contact with the surroundings, so that both resist against the momentum of sparks. To keep the contact in close contact. As a result, it is possible to maintain a short circuit state against an overcurrent and ensure safety against overcharge and the like.

なお、上記の説明においては、被接触板32aは四角錐状の形状であるとしたが、被接触板32aの形状は、導電性金属膜31に食い込んでその周囲が面接触できるような形状であればよい。したがって、円錐形状や三角錐その他多角錐の形状であってもよい。又、蓋部20と対向する面の一部だけが導電性金属膜31に対して突出した形状を有する態様であってもよく、錐体形状に限定されるものではない。   In the above description, the contacted plate 32a has a quadrangular pyramid shape. However, the shape of the contacted plate 32a is such that the periphery of the contacted plate 32a can be brought into surface contact with the conductive metal film 31. I just need it. Therefore, it may be a conical shape, a triangular pyramid or other polygonal pyramid shape. Moreover, the aspect which has the shape which only one part of the surface facing the cover part 20 protruded with respect to the electroconductive metal film 31 may be sufficient, and it is not limited to a cone shape.

次に、本実施の形態2の被接触板の他の構成例を図7(a)及び(b)に示す。被接触板32bは、図7(b)に示すように、平面形状において被接触板32と同一の矩形の底面を有し、平行に位置する複数の断面三角形の凸列がなす複数の稜32b1が、蓋部20側に対向する側に配置されている。   Next, FIGS. 7A and 7B show another configuration example of the contacted plate of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7B, the contacted plate 32b has a rectangular bottom surface that is the same as the contacted plate 32 in a planar shape, and a plurality of ridges 32b1 formed by a plurality of parallel triangular projections. Is disposed on the side facing the lid 20 side.

したがって、図7(a)に示すように、過充電により変形した導電性金属膜31の表面は、被接触板32bの、複数の稜32b1と接触する。被接触板32bが複数箇所で導電性金属膜31の曲面に接することで、いずれかの接触箇所がスパークの影響を受けた場合でも、残りの接触箇所により両者の接触を確保するようにしている。これにより、過電流に抗して短絡状態を維持して、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することができる。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7A, the surface of the conductive metal film 31 deformed by overcharge comes into contact with the plurality of edges 32b1 of the contacted plate 32b. The contacted plate 32b is in contact with the curved surface of the conductive metal film 31 at a plurality of locations, so that even if any of the contact locations is affected by the spark, the contact between the two is ensured by the remaining contact locations. . Thereby, it is possible to maintain a short circuit state against an overcurrent and to ensure safety against overcharge and the like.

なお、被接触板32bの形状は、導電性金属膜31の表面の複数箇所に同時に接触できるようなものであればよい。したがって、図7(b)に示す凸列の形状に限定されるものではなく、例えばピラミッド状の突起が複数配置された態様であってもよい。ただし、稜32b1のように、辺部分で接触するようにしたほうが、接触箇所毎の面積をより大きくとることができ、好適である。   In addition, the shape of the to-be-contacted board 32b should just be a thing which can be in contact with several places on the surface of the conductive metal film 31 simultaneously. Therefore, it is not limited to the shape of the convex line shown in FIG. 7B, and may be an aspect in which, for example, a plurality of pyramidal protrusions are arranged. However, it is preferable to make contact at the side portions as in the ridge 32b1, because the area for each contact location can be increased.

更に、図7(c)に示す被接触板32cのように、蓋部20側に対向する側の面を、研磨、エッチング、サンドブラスト等の手段によって粗面32c1として仕上げた構成としてもよい。この構成によれば、粗面32c1上の微細な凹凸が導電性金属膜31の表面に接することとなり、接触時の両者の食いつきを向上させることが可能となる。   Further, as in the contacted plate 32c shown in FIG. 7C, the surface on the side facing the lid portion 20 may be finished as a rough surface 32c1 by means such as polishing, etching, and sandblasting. According to this configuration, fine irregularities on the rough surface 32c1 come into contact with the surface of the conductive metal film 31, and it becomes possible to improve the biting of both at the time of contact.

更に、本実施の形態2においては、図8(a)(b)に示すように、複数の球殻状の凸部32d1が、導電性金属膜31の周囲に対向配置されてなる被接触板32dを備えた構成としてもよい。凸部32d1は、図6、7と同様、被接触板32と同様の平面形状の主面部32d2上に設けられ、図8(a)に示すように、変形状態の導電性金属膜31の突出部分を取り囲むように配列されている。   Further, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a contacted plate in which a plurality of spherical shell-shaped convex portions 32d1 are arranged to face each other around the conductive metal film 31. It is good also as a structure provided with 32d. 6 and 7, the convex portion 32d1 is provided on the main surface portion 32d2 having the same planar shape as that of the contacted plate 32, and as shown in FIG. 8A, the protruding conductive metal film 31 protrudes. Arranged to surround the part.

したがって、過充電により導電性金属膜31が変形した場合、上方に湾曲した膜は、側面部分を中心に、被接触板32dの凸部32d1のそれぞれと接触することになる。   Therefore, when the conductive metal film 31 is deformed by overcharge, the upward curved film comes into contact with each of the convex portions 32d1 of the contacted plate 32d with the side surface portion as the center.

この構成は、図7の構成と同様、複数箇所の接触を確保するほか、導電性金属膜31の、もっとも突出した部分を除いた部分に凸部32d1が接触することにより、過電流に起因する導電性金属膜31の反跳が激しい場合でも、確実に膜を捉えて、接触を維持することができる。これにより、過電流に抗して短絡状態を維持して、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することができる。   Similar to the configuration of FIG. 7, this configuration secures contact at a plurality of locations and is caused by an overcurrent due to the convex portion 32 d 1 coming into contact with the conductive metal film 31 except the most protruding portion. Even when the conductive metal film 31 has a strong recoil, it is possible to reliably capture the film and maintain contact. As a result, it is possible to maintain a short circuit state against an overcurrent and ensure safety against overcharge and the like.

なお、凸部32d1の形状及び配置は、導電性金属膜31の、もっとも突出の度合いが大きな中央部分を取り囲むようなものであればよい。したがって、図8(b)に示す球殻状の形状に限定されるものではなく、例えば図6のような円錐、角錐体状の態様であってもよい。   In addition, the shape and arrangement | positioning of convex part 32d1 should just surround the central part of the conductive metal film 31 with the largest protrusion degree. Therefore, it is not limited to the spherical shell shape shown in FIG. 8B, and may be a cone or pyramid shape as shown in FIG. 6, for example.

このように、本発明の実施の形態2の非水電解質二次電池によれば、短絡時に電極間に流れる電流が過大であったとしても、電極部材50と蓋部20との接続を確保して、確実に短絡状態を確保することを可能とする。   Thus, according to the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, even if the current flowing between the electrodes is excessive during a short circuit, the connection between the electrode member 50 and the lid portion 20 is ensured. Thus, it is possible to ensure a short-circuit state.

以上のように、本発明によれば、収納容器の内圧に応じて動作して正負の電極端子間を短絡させる、抵抗器を有する短絡機構を備えたことにより、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present invention, by providing a short-circuit mechanism having a resistor that operates according to the internal pressure of the storage container to short-circuit between the positive and negative electrode terminals, safety against overcharge and the like is ensured. It becomes possible to do.

しかしながら、本発明は上記の各実施の形態に限定されるものではない。   However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

上記の各実施の形態においては、本発明の短絡機構は正負双方の電極側に導電性金属膜31を設けて構成されている。短絡機構を構成する導電性金属膜31は電極部材50毎に分けて設けるほうが、収納容器を中間電位にすることができるため通常使用時の安全性が高くなり、好適であるが、本発明は、収納容器の任意の箇所に短絡機構としての導電性金属膜31を1個備えた構成であるとしてもよい。 In each of the above embodiments, the short-circuit mechanism of the present invention is configured by providing the conductive metal film 31 on both the positive and negative electrodes. The conductive metal film 31 constituting the short-circuit mechanism is preferably provided separately for each electrode member 50 because the storage container can be set at an intermediate potential, which increases the safety during normal use and is preferable. A configuration may be adopted in which one conductive metal film 31 as a short-circuit mechanism is provided at an arbitrary location of the storage container.

図9にそのような構成の一例を示す。図中右側の構成は上記各実施の形態と同様であるが、左側の電極部材50周りの部分においては、貫通孔22を省略し、蓋部20の表面20aが形成されるとともに、電極部材50と表面20aとの間に良導性部材61を配置したものである。良導性部材61は、蓋部20と同様アルミニウムその他の導電性金属材料により実現され、蓋部20と正又は負の一方の電極部材50とが常時電気的に接続されている。   FIG. 9 shows an example of such a configuration. The configuration on the right side in the figure is the same as in the above embodiments, but the through hole 22 is omitted in the portion around the left electrode member 50, the surface 20a of the lid 20 is formed, and the electrode member 50 is formed. The good conductivity member 61 is disposed between the surface 20a and the surface 20a. The good conductive member 61 is realized by aluminum or another conductive metal material like the lid portion 20, and the lid portion 20 and one of the positive and negative electrode members 50 are always electrically connected.

この構成によれば、短絡機構としての導電性金属膜31を一つ備えるだけで本発明の構成を実現することができ、より簡易、安価な構成にて、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することができる。   According to this configuration, the configuration of the present invention can be realized by providing only one conductive metal film 31 as a short-circuit mechanism, and the safety against overcharge and the like is ensured with a simpler and less expensive configuration. be able to.

更に、導電性金属膜31を一つのみとした場合は、収納容器の中央部分に備えることが望ましい。具体的には、図10に示すように、蓋部20の中心に貫通孔22を開口し、導電性金属膜31で封止し、絶縁封止材40cにより電極部材50間を絶縁状態とした上で、導電性金属膜31の上部まで被接触板32を延伸した構成とする。又、被接触板32は絶縁性材料により作成されたスペーサ47上に載置されることで導電性金属膜31と適正な距離を保っている。なお、図には示されないが、注液口24及び圧力弁23は、貫通孔22と干渉しない位置にシフトさせる。   Furthermore, when only one conductive metal film 31 is provided, it is desirable to provide it in the central portion of the storage container. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the through hole 22 is opened at the center of the lid portion 20, sealed with the conductive metal film 31, and the electrode member 50 is insulatively insulated by the insulating sealing material 40 c. The contact plate 32 is extended to the top of the conductive metal film 31. Further, the contacted plate 32 is placed on a spacer 47 made of an insulating material, so that an appropriate distance from the conductive metal film 31 is maintained. Although not shown in the figure, the liquid injection port 24 and the pressure valve 23 are shifted to positions that do not interfere with the through hole 22.

この構成例においては、収納容器の膨張の影響がもっとも平均して現れやすい中央部分にて短絡機構を動作させることができ、短絡機構の信頼性が向上する。なお、導電性金属膜31の位置は、図10に示すように蓋部20の中心とし、各電極端子を導電性金属膜31に対して対称をなすように配置するのがもっとも望ましいが、少なくとも電極部材50の間に配置すれば、上記効果は奏する。   In this configuration example, the short-circuit mechanism can be operated at the central portion where the influence of the expansion of the storage container is most likely to appear on average, and the reliability of the short-circuit mechanism is improved. The position of the conductive metal film 31 is most preferably the center of the lid 20 as shown in FIG. 10 and the electrode terminals are arranged so as to be symmetric with respect to the conductive metal film 31. If it arrange | positions between the electrode members 50, the said effect will show | play.

又、上記図10の構成とは異なり、図10中左側の良導性部材61に替えて、同図中右側、つまり反対側の極と同様に、被接触板32及び抵抗体33を配置した構成としてもよい。この場合、正および負の被接触板32は、長さを図10に示す構成例よりも短くして、端部が一つの導電性金属膜31上に位置するようにするとともにこの一枚の導電性金属膜31に対してそれぞれ離間している。   Further, unlike the configuration of FIG. 10, the contacted plate 32 and the resistor 33 are arranged in the same manner as the right side in FIG. 10, that is, the opposite pole, instead of the good conductive member 61 on the left side in FIG. It is good also as a structure. In this case, the positive and negative contact plates 32 have a length shorter than that of the configuration example shown in FIG. 10 so that the end portions are positioned on one conductive metal film 31 and the one sheet. The conductive metal films 31 are separated from each other.

一つの導電性金属膜31は、正負両極の被接触板32に渡るように形成されており、過充電により収納容器の内圧が上昇した際に、上記各実施の形態と同様、凸に変形して正および負の双方の被接触板32に接触する。この構成によれば、蓋部20および容器本体10を中間電位としながら、導電性金属膜31一つのみで過充電時の安全性を確保できる。   One conductive metal film 31 is formed so as to extend over both positive and negative contact plates 32, and when the internal pressure of the storage container rises due to overcharging, it deforms into a convex shape as in the above embodiments. Then, both the positive and negative contact plates 32 are contacted. According to this configuration, the safety at the time of overcharging can be ensured with only one conductive metal film 31 while the lid 20 and the container body 10 are set at an intermediate potential.

又、上記の各実施の形態においては、本発明の抵抗部は、短絡機構の一部として、導電性金属膜31と接続板51との間に設けられるものとしたが、本発明は、正極の電極端子と負極の電極端子とが短絡することにより形成される短絡経路上に抵抗部を設けることにより、当該短絡経路上に流れる電流を抑制する効果を奏するものである。したがって、本発明は、短絡経路上の任意の位置に抵抗部を設けた構成としてもよく、抵抗部を短絡機構とは独立した構成とすることもできる。   In each of the above embodiments, the resistance portion of the present invention is provided between the conductive metal film 31 and the connection plate 51 as part of the short-circuit mechanism. By providing a resistance portion on the short-circuit path formed by short-circuiting the electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal, the effect of suppressing the current flowing on the short-circuit path is exhibited. Therefore, this invention is good also as a structure which provided the resistance part in the arbitrary positions on a short circuit path | route, and can also set it as the structure independent of the short circuit mechanism.

そのような構成例を図11に示す。図中右側の構成は、導電性金属膜31を利用した短絡機構を有するが、導電性金属膜31と接続板51との間に位置する被接触板32及び金属板35aは、図5の構成と同様、いずれも良導体としている。なお、被接触板32及び金属板35aは一体部品として作製されてもよい。   An example of such a configuration is shown in FIG. The configuration on the right side in the figure has a short-circuit mechanism using the conductive metal film 31, but the contacted plate 32 and the metal plate 35a located between the conductive metal film 31 and the connection plate 51 are configured as shown in FIG. As with, both are good conductors. In addition, the to-be-contacted plate 32 and the metal plate 35a may be produced as an integral part.

一方で、左側の電極部材50周りの部分においては、図9の構成例と同様、電極部材50と表面20aとの間に良導性部材61を配置するとともに、更に接続板51と良導性部材61との間に抵抗体62を備える。抵抗体62は上記実施の形態の抵抗体33と同様、導電性セラミック等により実現される。   On the other hand, in the portion around the left electrode member 50, the good conductivity member 61 is disposed between the electrode member 50 and the surface 20a as in the configuration example of FIG. A resistor 62 is provided between the member 61 and the member 61. The resistor 62 is realized by a conductive ceramic or the like, like the resistor 33 of the above embodiment.

この構成によれば、短絡機構と抵抗部とを分離して本発明の構成を実現することができ、短絡機構の構成をより単純化して、動作の信頼性を高めることが可能となる。   According to this configuration, the configuration of the present invention can be realized by separating the short-circuit mechanism and the resistance portion, the configuration of the short-circuit mechanism can be further simplified, and the operation reliability can be increased.

又、上記の説明においては、短絡機構が一方の電極端子側にのみ設けられる構成としたが、短絡機構が正負両極の電極端子に設けられた場合にあって、なおかつ抵抗部をそれらの短絡機構とは独立して設けた構成としてもよい。   In the above description, the short-circuit mechanism is provided only on one electrode terminal side. However, in the case where the short-circuit mechanism is provided on both positive and negative electrode terminals, the resistance portion is connected to the short-circuit mechanism. It is good also as a structure provided independently.

又、上記の各実施の形態においては、本発明の短絡機構は、蓋部20に形成された貫通孔22を封止する、初期状態においては発電要素11に対して凸となった球殻状の形状を有し、収納容器の内圧に応じて電極部材50に向かって凸となるよう変形する導電性金属膜31を有するものとしたが、本発明の膜は、収納容器の内圧に応じて片方向に変形すればよく、蓋部20上における平面形状、又は発電要素11に向かう凸面の具体的形状によって限定されない。   Further, in each of the above embodiments, the short-circuit mechanism of the present invention seals the through-hole 22 formed in the lid 20, and has a spherical shell shape that is convex with respect to the power generation element 11 in the initial state. The conductive metal film 31 is deformed so as to be convex toward the electrode member 50 in accordance with the internal pressure of the storage container. However, the film of the present invention is in accordance with the internal pressure of the storage container. What is necessary is just to deform | transform in one direction, and is not limited by the planar shape on the cover part 20, or the specific shape of the convex surface which goes to the electric power generation element 11. FIG.

更に、本発明の短絡機構は収納容器の内圧に応じて片方向に動作すればよく、動作部分と電気回路を形成する部分とが別部材として構成されていてもよい。したがって、変形する部分は合成樹脂材料等により実現してもよい。   Furthermore, the short-circuit mechanism of the present invention only needs to operate in one direction according to the internal pressure of the storage container, and the operating part and the part forming the electric circuit may be configured as separate members. Therefore, the deformed portion may be realized by a synthetic resin material or the like.

更に、上記の各実施の形態においては、本発明の短絡機構は、蓋部20の貫通孔22を封止する導電性金属膜31のような、収納容器の内圧に応じて片方向に変化する機構であるとして説明を行ったが、例えば、図12(a)に示す構成例としてもよい。   Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the short-circuit mechanism of the present invention changes in one direction according to the internal pressure of the storage container, such as the conductive metal film 31 that seals the through hole 22 of the lid portion 20. Although described as a mechanism, for example, a configuration example shown in FIG.

図12に示す例は、蓋部20において貫通孔22を省略するとともに、被接触板32と蓋部20の表面との間に、導電性及び弾性を有するねじりバネ部材71を設けたものである。ねじりバネ部材71は、一端が蓋部20に固定され、且つ、非水電解質二次電池の通常使用時においては両端が高融点パラフィン72により結合されている。   In the example shown in FIG. 12, the through hole 22 is omitted in the lid portion 20, and a torsion spring member 71 having conductivity and elasticity is provided between the contacted plate 32 and the surface of the lid portion 20. . One end of the torsion spring member 71 is fixed to the lid portion 20, and both ends are joined by a high melting point paraffin 72 during normal use of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.

一方、過充電により蓋部20が過熱された際には、高融点パラフィン72は溶融してねじりバネ部材71の両端の結合が解除され、バネの復元力により他端が被接触板32に接触することにより、短絡経路が形成される。上記各実施の形態同様、被接触板32と抵抗体33とを備えたことにより、短絡経路を流れる電流値は適正化される。   On the other hand, when the lid 20 is overheated due to overcharging, the high melting point paraffin 72 is melted and the coupling of both ends of the torsion spring member 71 is released, and the other end contacts the contacted plate 32 by the restoring force of the spring. By doing so, a short circuit path is formed. Like the above-described embodiments, by providing the contacted plate 32 and the resistor 33, the current value flowing through the short-circuit path is optimized.

上記の例に限らず、本発明の短絡機構は、発電素子の過充電時において、正極の電極端子と負極の電極端子とを短絡させることが可能あれば、その具体的な構成に限定されるものではない。   Not limited to the above example, the short-circuit mechanism of the present invention is limited to its specific configuration as long as the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal can be short-circuited during overcharging of the power generation element. It is not a thing.

又、上記各実施の形態の全部又は一部の構成は、上述したもののみならず、適宜組み合わせて実現してもよい。   In addition, the configuration of all or a part of each of the embodiments described above may be realized by appropriately combining not only those described above.

又、上記の各実施の形態においては、本発明の発電要素は巻回型であるとしたが、積層型の発電要素としてもよい。   In each of the above embodiments, the power generation element of the present invention is a wound type, but may be a stacked type power generation element.

又、上記の各実施の形態においては、本発明の蓄電素子は、リチウムイオン二次電池に代表される非水電解質二次電池1であるとしたが、電気化学反応により充放電可能な電池であれば、ニッケル水素電池その他各種の二次電池を用いてもよい。更に電気二重層キャパシタのように、電気を直接電荷として蓄積する方式の素子であってもよい。要するに、本発明の蓄電素子は電気を蓄積可能な素子であれば、その具体的な方式によって限定されるものではない。   In each of the above embodiments, the storage element of the present invention is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 typified by a lithium ion secondary battery, but is a battery that can be charged and discharged by an electrochemical reaction. If present, a nickel metal hydride battery or other various secondary batteries may be used. Furthermore, an element of a system that directly stores electricity as an electric charge, such as an electric double layer capacitor, may be used. In short, the power storage element of the present invention is not limited by its specific method as long as it can store electricity.

又、上記の各実施の形態においては、容器本体10及び蓋部20から構成される収納容器は、本発明の収納容器に相当するものであり、電極部材50及び導電性金属膜31を含めた短絡機構は蓋部20上に設けられるものとしたが、本発明は、電極端子及び短絡機構を容器本体側に設けるものとしてもよい。要するに本発明は、電極端子及び短絡機構が収納容器上に設けられている構成であればよく、収納容器を構成する蓋部と容器本体との結合の態様、更には収納容器を構成する各部材の形状、個数によって限定されるものではない。   Further, in each of the above embodiments, the storage container composed of the container body 10 and the lid 20 corresponds to the storage container of the present invention, and includes the electrode member 50 and the conductive metal film 31. Although the short-circuit mechanism is provided on the lid portion 20, the present invention may provide the electrode terminal and the short-circuit mechanism on the container body side. In short, the present invention only needs to have a configuration in which the electrode terminal and the short-circuit mechanism are provided on the storage container. It is not limited by the shape and number of

又、容器本体10はアルミニウム製であるとしたが、アルミニウム合金、ステンレスその他任意の金属又は金属化合物を材料とするものであってもよい。又、形状は外形六面体としたが、円筒形状、球形、楕円体その他任意形状の曲面体、又は多面体等であってもよい。要するに、本発明の収納容器は、形状、材質その他の具体的な構成によって限定されるものではない。   Although the container body 10 is made of aluminum, it may be made of an aluminum alloy, stainless steel or any other metal or metal compound. The shape is a hexahedron, but it may be a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, an ellipsoid, or any other curved surface, or a polyhedron. In short, the storage container of the present invention is not limited by the specific configuration such as shape, material and the like.

又、上記の説明においては、単体の非水電解質二次電池1を例に取ったが、本発明は、複数の蓄電素子において少なくとも一つの蓄電素子に本発明の蓄電素子を含んでなる、電源モジュールとして実現してもよく、特に全ての蓄電素子を本発明の蓄電素子として用いることにより、各素子における安全性を均等に向上させることができ、より好適である。   In the above description, the single non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 is taken as an example. However, the present invention provides a power supply comprising a power storage element of the present invention in at least one power storage element among a plurality of power storage elements. It may be realized as a module, and in particular, by using all the power storage elements as the power storage elements of the present invention, the safety of each element can be improved equally, which is more preferable.

又、この構成は、電源モジュールのみならず、非水電解質二次電池1その他の蓄電素子単体においても実施することができ、同様の効果を奏する。   Moreover, this structure can be implemented not only in the power supply module but also in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1 and other power storage elements alone, and has the same effect.

要するに、本発明は、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲内であれば、以上説明したものを含め、上記実施の形態に種々の変更を加えたものとして実施してもよい。   In short, the present invention may be implemented by adding various modifications to the above-described embodiment, including those described above, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

以上のような本発明は、過充電等に対する安全性を確保することが可能になる効果を有し、例えば二次電池のような蓄電素子において有用である。   The present invention as described above has an effect of ensuring safety against overcharge and the like, and is useful in, for example, a storage element such as a secondary battery.

1 非水電解質二次電池
10 容器本体
11 発電要素
12 集電体
12a 圧接部
13 絶縁封止材
14 挟持板
20 蓋部
20a 表面
21 凸部
21a、22、43、44 貫通孔
23 圧力弁
24 注液口
25 封止栓
31、31a 導電性金属膜
32、32a、32b、32c、32d 被接触板
32a1 頂点
32a2 角錐面
32b1 稜
32c1 粗面
32d1 凸部
32d2 主面部
33、34、36、62 抵抗体
35、35a 金属板
40a、40b、40c 絶縁封止材
41a、41b 主面
42a、42b 枠体
45 筒部
46a 枠体
47 スペーサ
50 電極部材
51 接続板
52 中継桿
52a 端
61 良導性部材
71 ねじりバネ部材
72 高融点パラフィン
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 Container main body 11 Electric power generation element 12 Current collector 12a Pressure contact part 13 Insulation sealing material 14 Holding plate 20 Lid part 20a Surface 21 Convex part 21a, 22, 43, 44 Through-hole 23 Pressure valve 24 Note Liquid port 25 Seal plug 31, 31a Conductive metal film 32, 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d Contacted plate 32a1 Apex 32a2 Pyramidal surface 32b1 Ridge 32c1 Rough surface 32d1 Protruding portion 32d2 Main surface portion 33, 34, 36, 62 Resistor 35, 35a Metal plates 40a, 40b, 40c Insulating sealing materials 41a, 41b Main surfaces 42a, 42b Frame body 45 Tube portion 46a Frame body 47 Spacer 50 Electrode member 51 Connection plate 52 Relay rod 52a End 61 Good conductivity member 71 Torsion Spring member 72 High melting point paraffin

Claims (14)

発電要素と、
前記発電要素を収納する収納容器と、
前記発電要素と接続された正極及び負極の電極端子と、
前記正極の電極端子と前記負極の電極端子とを短絡させる短絡機構とを備え、
前記正極の電極端子と前記負極の電極端子との短絡経路上に設けられた抵抗部を有する、
蓄電素子。
Power generation elements,
A storage container for storing the power generation element;
Positive and negative electrode terminals connected to the power generation element;
A short-circuit mechanism for short-circuiting the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal;
Having a resistance portion provided on a short-circuit path between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal;
Power storage element.
前記抵抗部は前記短絡機構の一部として構成されている、
請求項1に記載の蓄電素子。
The resistance portion is configured as a part of the short-circuit mechanism,
The electricity storage device according to claim 1.
前記収納容器は導電性を有し、
前記短絡機構は前記収納容器の使用状態に応じて片方向に動作して前記収納容器と前記正極の電極端子及び前記負極の電極端子との間を電気的に接続し、
前記抵抗部は前記収納容器と前記電極端子との間の機械的な接点になっている、
請求項2に記載の蓄電素子。
The storage container has conductivity,
The short-circuit mechanism operates in one direction according to the usage state of the storage container to electrically connect the storage container and the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal;
The resistance portion is a mechanical contact between the storage container and the electrode terminal,
The electricity storage device according to claim 2.
前記短絡機構は、
前記収納容器の壁体の一部として設けられた導電可能な膜を有し、
前記抵抗部は、前記膜に対向して位置するとともに、前記電極端子と導通可能に接続され、
前記抵抗部と前記膜は、前記膜が前記収納容器の外面方向に対して凸に湾曲したときに前記抵抗部に接する距離にて離隔している、
請求項3に記載の蓄電素子。
The short-circuit mechanism is
Having a conductive film provided as part of the wall of the storage container;
The resistance portion is positioned opposite to the film and is connected to the electrode terminal so as to be conductive.
The resistance portion and the membrane are separated by a distance that contacts the resistance portion when the membrane is convexly curved with respect to the outer surface direction of the storage container.
The electricity storage device according to claim 3.
前記抵抗部は、抵抗材料と導電材料とを含むものである、
請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子。
The resistance portion includes a resistance material and a conductive material.
The electrical storage element in any one of Claim 1 to 4.
前記抵抗材料は導電性セラミックである、
請求項5に記載の蓄電素子。
The resistive material is a conductive ceramic;
The electricity storage device according to claim 5.
前記抵抗部及び前記膜は、前記収納容器の表面上において、前記正極の電極端子と前記負極の電極端子との間に位置している、
請求項4から6のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子。
The resistor and the film are located between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal on the surface of the storage container,
The electrical storage element in any one of Claim 4 to 6.
前記膜は、前記正極及び負極の電極端子の双方に対応してそれぞれ設けられている、
請求項4から7のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子。
The film is provided corresponding to both the positive electrode and the negative electrode terminal,
The electrical storage element in any one of Claim 4 to 7.
前記膜は、前記収納容器に1個設けられている、
請求項4から7のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子。
One film is provided in the storage container.
The electrical storage element in any one of Claim 4 to 7.
前記収納容器は、前記正極及び負極の電極端子のいずれか一方と同一の電位が設定されている、
請求項9に記載の蓄電素子。
The storage container is set to the same potential as any one of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal.
The electricity storage device according to claim 9.
前記抵抗部の、前記膜と対向する側の主面の一部は、前記膜に対して突出している、
請求項4から10のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子。
A part of the main surface of the resistance portion on the side facing the film protrudes with respect to the film.
The electrical storage element in any one of Claim 4 to 10.
前記抵抗部の、前記膜と対向する側の主面の前記一部は、陵を形成している、
請求項11に記載の蓄電素子。
The part of the main surface of the resistance portion on the side facing the film forms a ridge,
The electricity storage device according to claim 11.
前記抵抗部の、前記膜と対向する側の主面は、粗面を形成している、
請求項4から12のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子。
The main surface of the resistance portion on the side facing the film forms a rough surface.
The electrical storage element in any one of Claim 4 to 12.
請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の蓄電素子を少なくとも一つ含んでなる電源モジュール。   A power supply module comprising at least one power storage element according to claim 1.
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