JP2014077295A - Pneumatic fender - Google Patents

Pneumatic fender Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2014077295A
JP2014077295A JP2012225814A JP2012225814A JP2014077295A JP 2014077295 A JP2014077295 A JP 2014077295A JP 2012225814 A JP2012225814 A JP 2012225814A JP 2012225814 A JP2012225814 A JP 2012225814A JP 2014077295 A JP2014077295 A JP 2014077295A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
casing
hollow body
flexible hollow
internal space
safety valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2012225814A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP5880384B2 (en
Inventor
Minami Izumi
南 和泉
Shigeki Sakakibara
繁樹 榊原
Masato Kaneko
理人 金子
Shu Yamada
周 山田
Yoshiaki Hara
義明 原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd filed Critical Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
Priority to JP2012225814A priority Critical patent/JP5880384B2/en
Priority to EP13844770.1A priority patent/EP2910684B9/en
Priority to US14/435,147 priority patent/US9428875B2/en
Priority to KR1020157010930A priority patent/KR20150053820A/en
Priority to CN201380048472.8A priority patent/CN104641044B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2013/077723 priority patent/WO2014058044A1/en
Publication of JP2014077295A publication Critical patent/JP2014077295A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5880384B2 publication Critical patent/JP5880384B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

Landscapes

  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pneumatic fender capable of preventing a flexible hollow body from being damaged and extending a usable life of an energy absorption body.SOLUTION: In a pneumatic fender, a rigid casing 7 with an inner space 7a is protruded on a surface positioned inside a flexible hollow body 4 of either a mounting plate 2 or a front buffer plate 3. Also, orifice sections 10 and a safety valve 8 are installed on the casing 7. The orifice sections 10 communicate the inner space 4a of the flexible hollow body 4 outside the casing 7 with the inner space 7a of the casing 7. When internal pressure P inside the flexible hollow body 4 reaches predetermined pressure P1, the safety valve 8 opens and communicates the inner space 4a of the flexible hollow body 4 outside the casing 7 with the inner space 7a of the casing 7.

Description

本発明は、取付板と前衝板との間に可撓性中空体が設けられた空気式防舷材に関し、さらに詳しくは、可撓性中空体の損傷を抑制するとともに、エネルギー吸収体の耐用期間を長くすることができる空気式防舷材に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a pneumatic fender provided with a flexible hollow body between a mounting plate and a front plate, and more specifically, while suppressing damage to the flexible hollow body, The present invention relates to a pneumatic fender capable of extending the service life.

空気式防舷材の１つのタイプとして、取付板と前衝板との間に可撓性中空体が設けられた空気式防舷材がある。可撓性中空体は補強層が埋設されたゴムにより形成され、取付板および前衝板に気密的に接続される。取付板は岸壁等に取り付けられて、前衝板には船舶が当接する。船舶が前衝板に当接して可撓性中空体が圧縮されることにより、船舶から受けるエネルギーが吸収される。船舶が強く前衝板に衝突する等、船舶から受けるエネルギーが過大であると、可撓性中空体が過剰に圧縮されて損傷することがある。   One type of pneumatic fender is a pneumatic fender with a flexible hollow body between a mounting plate and a front plate. The flexible hollow body is formed of rubber in which a reinforcing layer is embedded, and is hermetically connected to the mounting plate and the front plate. The mounting plate is attached to a quay or the like, and the ship comes into contact with the front impact plate. When the ship comes into contact with the front plate and the flexible hollow body is compressed, the energy received from the ship is absorbed. If the energy received from the ship is excessive, such as when the ship strongly collides with the front plate, the flexible hollow body may be excessively compressed and damaged.

そこで、可撓性中空体の内部にハニカム構造のエネルギー吸収体を設けた空気式防舷材が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。この提案の空気式防舷材によれば、可撓性中空体が過剰に圧縮される前に前衝板がエネルギー吸収体に当接して船舶から受けるエネルギーを吸収するため、可撓性中空体が過剰圧縮されて損傷する不具合を低減させることができる。しかしながら、エネルギー吸収体は、エネルギーを吸収することによって変形、損傷するので、その損傷具合が大きければエネルギー吸収体として機能しなくなるため、空気式防舷材を交換しなければならない。それ故、可撓性中空体の損傷を抑制しつつ、エネルギー吸収体の耐用期間を長くすることができる空気式防舷材が望まれている。   In view of this, a pneumatic fender having a honeycomb structure energy absorber inside a flexible hollow body has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). According to this proposed pneumatic fender, since the front plate abuts the energy absorber and absorbs the energy received from the ship before the flexible hollow body is excessively compressed, the flexible hollow body It is possible to reduce the problem of over-compression and damage. However, since the energy absorber is deformed and damaged by absorbing energy, if the degree of damage is large, the energy absorber does not function as an energy absorber, so the pneumatic fender must be replaced. Therefore, a pneumatic fender that can extend the useful life of the energy absorber while suppressing damage to the flexible hollow body is desired.

特開平１１−１５２７２８号公報JP-A-11-152728

本発明の目的は、可撓性中空体の損傷を抑制するとともに、エネルギー吸収体の耐用期間を長くすることができる空気式防舷材を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic fender capable of suppressing damage to a flexible hollow body and extending the life of an energy absorber.

上記目的を達成するため本発明の空気式防舷材は、取付板と前衝板との間に可撓性中空体が設けられた空気式防舷材において、前記取付板または前衝板のいずれか一方の前記可撓性中空体の内部に位置する表面に、内部空間を有する剛体のケーシングが突設され、このケーシングにオリフィス部と安全弁とが設けられ、前記オリフィス部は前記可撓性中空体の内部空間のうちの前記ケーシングの外側の空間と前記ケーシングの内部空間とを連通させ、前記安全弁は前記可撓性中空体の内圧が所定圧力に達した時に開弁して、この安全弁を通じて前記可撓性中空体の内部空間のうちの前記ケーシングの外側の空間とケーシングの内部空間とを連通させる構成にしたことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the pneumatic fender according to the present invention is a pneumatic fender having a flexible hollow body provided between a mounting plate and a front plate, wherein the mounting plate or the front plate A rigid casing having an internal space protrudes from a surface located inside one of the flexible hollow bodies, and an orifice part and a safety valve are provided on the casing. The orifice part is provided with the flexible part. Of the internal space of the hollow body, the space outside the casing communicates with the internal space of the casing, and the safety valve opens when the internal pressure of the flexible hollow body reaches a predetermined pressure. The space outside the casing in the internal space of the flexible hollow body and the internal space of the casing are communicated with each other.

本発明によれば、取付板または前衝板のいずれか一方の可撓性中空体の内部に位置する表面に、内部空間を有する剛体のケーシングが突設されているので、圧縮される前の初期の可撓性中空体の容積がケーシングの体積分だけ小さくなる。そのため、可撓性中空体の圧縮初期の反力を大きくすることができる。反力が大きくなることに伴って、可撓性中空体が過剰に圧縮され難くなるので損傷を防止するには有利になる。   According to the present invention, since the rigid casing having the internal space protrudes on the surface located inside the flexible hollow body of either the mounting plate or the front plate, The volume of the initial flexible hollow body is reduced by the volume of the casing. Therefore, the reaction force at the initial stage of compression of the flexible hollow body can be increased. As the reaction force increases, the flexible hollow body becomes difficult to be compressed excessively, which is advantageous in preventing damage.

また、ケーシングに設けられた安全弁は可撓性中空体の内圧が所定圧力に達した時に開弁して、この安全弁を通じて可撓性中空体の内部空間のうちのケーシングの外側の空間とケーシングの内部空間とを連通させるので、可撓性中空体の内圧がある程度大きくなると、ケーシングの内部空間に空気が流入して可撓性中空体の内圧の上昇を抑制できる。そして、ケーシングの内部空間に流入した空気は、ケーシングに設けられたオリフィス部を通じてケーシングの外側の可撓性中空体の内部空間に徐々に排出される。これにより、可撓性中空体が圧縮される前の状態に復元するので、エネルギー吸収体として機能するケーシングを損傷させることなく、繰り返し長期間使用することが可能になる。   The safety valve provided in the casing is opened when the internal pressure of the flexible hollow body reaches a predetermined pressure, and the space outside the casing of the internal space of the flexible hollow body through the safety valve and the casing Since the internal space communicates with each other, when the internal pressure of the flexible hollow body increases to some extent, air flows into the internal space of the casing, and an increase in the internal pressure of the flexible hollow body can be suppressed. And the air which flowed into the internal space of the casing is gradually discharged into the internal space of the flexible hollow body outside the casing through the orifice part provided in the casing. Thereby, since the flexible hollow body is restored to the state before being compressed, it can be repeatedly used for a long time without damaging the casing functioning as the energy absorber.

さらに、可撓性中空体が圧縮される前の状態に復元する速度が遅いので、この復元する際に生じる反力が小さくなる。そのため、この復元の際に前衝板に当接している船舶の揺動を低減させることができる。   Furthermore, since the speed at which the flexible hollow body is restored to the state before being compressed is slow, the reaction force generated at the time of restoration is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the swing of the ship that is in contact with the front impact plate during the restoration.

本発明の空気式防舷材の実施形態を例示する断面図である。It is sectional drawing which illustrates embodiment of the pneumatic fender of this invention. 図１の可撓性中空体が圧縮初期の状態の空気式防舷材を例示する断面図である。It is sectional drawing which illustrates the pneumatic fender in the state in which the flexible hollow body of FIG. 1 is the compression initial stage. 図１の安全弁が開弁した状態の空気式防舷材を例示する断面図である。It is sectional drawing which illustrates the pneumatic fender in the state where the safety valve of FIG. 1 opened. 図３のケーシングの拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the casing of FIG. 図１の可撓性中空体の圧縮量と反力との関係を例示するグラフ図である。It is a graph which illustrates the relationship between the compression amount and reaction force of the flexible hollow body of FIG. 空気式防舷材の別の実施形態を例示する断面図である。It is sectional drawing which illustrates another embodiment of a pneumatic fender. 空気式防舷材のさらに別の実施形態を例示する断面図である。It is sectional drawing which illustrates another embodiment of a pneumatic fender.

以下、本発明の空気式防舷材を図に示した実施形態に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, a pneumatic fender according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

図１に例示するように本発明の空気式防舷材１（以下、防舷材１という）は、取付板２と前衝板３と可撓性中空体４とを備えている。取付板２は岸壁１１などに取付けられ、前衝板３には船舶の側舷などが当接する。   As illustrated in FIG. 1, a pneumatic fender 1 (hereinafter referred to as fender 1) of the present invention includes a mounting plate 2, a front plate 3, and a flexible hollow body 4. The mounting plate 2 is attached to the quay 11 or the like, and the side plate of the ship contacts the front impact plate 3.

可撓性中空体４は、取付板２と前衝板３との間に介在して取付板２および前衝板３に気密的に接合されている。可撓性中空体４は、例えば、円筒状であり、補強層６を埋設したゴム５により構成されている。取付板２と前衝板３との間隔Ｈ、即ち、可撓性中空体４の高さ寸法は、防舷材１に要求されるエネルギー吸収性能等に基づいて設定される。   The flexible hollow body 4 is interposed between the mounting plate 2 and the front plate 3 and is airtightly joined to the mounting plate 2 and the front plate 3. The flexible hollow body 4 has, for example, a cylindrical shape and is constituted by a rubber 5 in which a reinforcing layer 6 is embedded. The distance H between the mounting plate 2 and the front plate 3, that is, the height dimension of the flexible hollow body 4 is set based on the energy absorption performance required for the fender 1.

取付板２の表面にはケーシング７が突出高さｈで突設されていて、ケーシング７が可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａに配置された構造になっている。ケーシング７は、鋼や鉄等の剛性材で形成された剛体である。このケーシング７が、可撓性中空体４が過剰に圧縮されて損傷することを防止する。   A casing 7 protrudes from the surface of the mounting plate 2 with a protruding height h, and the casing 7 is arranged in the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4. The casing 7 is a rigid body formed of a rigid material such as steel or iron. This casing 7 prevents the flexible hollow body 4 from being excessively compressed and damaged.

ケーシング７は、前衝板３の表面に突設して可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａに配置することもできる。ケーシング７を前衝板３に取付けると、岸壁１１に対して片持ち梁状に設置される可撓性中空体４には、ケーシング７の重さが作用する。したがって、ケーシング７の重さによって可撓性中空体４に生じる負荷をなくすには、ケーシング７を取付板２に取付けるとよい。   The casing 7 can also project from the front plate 3 and be disposed in the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4. When the casing 7 is attached to the front plate 3, the weight of the casing 7 acts on the flexible hollow body 4 installed in a cantilever shape with respect to the quay wall 11. Therefore, in order to eliminate the load generated in the flexible hollow body 4 due to the weight of the casing 7, the casing 7 may be attached to the mounting plate 2.

ケーシング７には、オリフィス部１０と安全弁８とが設けられている。オリフィス部１０は可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａのうちのケーシング７の外側の空間とケーシング７の内部空間７ａとを連通させる。ケーシング７の壁面に形成した***（例えば、開口面積が０．５ｍｍ2〜８０ｍｍ2程度、または開口直径１ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ程度）をオリフィス部１０にすることができる。***に限らず***と同じ効果を奏するものをオリフィス部１０として用いることができる。オリフィス部１０の数は特に限定されないが、何らかの原因で詰まることも考えられるので、複数設けることが好ましい。 The casing 7 is provided with an orifice portion 10 and a safety valve 8. The orifice portion 10 allows the space outside the casing 7 in the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4 to communicate with the internal space 7 a of the casing 7. Small holes are formed on the wall surface of the casing 7 (e.g., an opening area of 0.5mm 2 ~80mm 2 mm, or opening diameter of about 1 mm to 10 mm) can be an orifice portion 10. Not only the small holes but also those having the same effect as the small holes can be used as the orifice portion 10. The number of the orifice portions 10 is not particularly limited, but it may be clogged for some reason.

安全弁８は可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐ（内部空間４ａのうちのケーシング７の外側の空間の圧力）が所定圧力Ｐ１に達した時に開弁する。そして、開弁した安全弁８を通じて、内部空間４ａのうちのケーシング７の外側の空間とケーシング７の内部空間７ａとを連通させる。   The safety valve 8 opens when the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 (the pressure in the space outside the casing 7 in the internal space 4a) reaches a predetermined pressure P1. Then, the space outside the casing 7 in the internal space 4 a and the internal space 7 a in the casing 7 are communicated with each other through the opened safety valve 8.

この実施形態の安全弁８は、ケーシング７の壁面に形成された貫通穴９ａと、弁体９ｂと、バネ等の付勢部材９ｃと、シール部材９ｄとで構成されている。弁体９ｂが付勢部材９ｃによって貫通穴９ａが形成された壁面に向かって付勢される。そして、弁体９ｂに取り付けられたシール部材９ｄが貫通穴９ａの外周を囲むように壁面に圧接されることにより、安全弁８は閉弁して貫通穴９ａを塞ぐ構造になっている。安全弁８は、この実施形態に例示する構造に限らず、可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐが所定圧力Ｐ１に達した時に開弁する構造であればよい。   The safety valve 8 of this embodiment includes a through hole 9a formed in the wall surface of the casing 7, a valve body 9b, an urging member 9c such as a spring, and a seal member 9d. The valve body 9b is urged toward the wall surface where the through hole 9a is formed by the urging member 9c. The safety member 8 is closed to close the through hole 9a by pressing the seal member 9d attached to the valve body 9b against the wall surface so as to surround the outer periphery of the through hole 9a. The safety valve 8 is not limited to the structure exemplified in this embodiment, and may be any structure that opens when the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 reaches the predetermined pressure P1.

図１に例示する可撓性中空体４が圧縮されていない防舷材１の前衝板３に船舶が当接すると、図２に例示するように前衝板３が押圧されて、可撓性中空体４が圧縮された状態になる。本発明の防舷材１は、ケーシング７が可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａに設置されているので、圧縮される前の初期の可撓性中空体４の容積は、内部空間４ａからケーシング７の体積を差し引いた値になる。そのため、可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａにケーシング７を設置しない場合に比して、可撓性中空体４の圧縮初期の反力Ｒを大きくすることができる。この反力Ｒが大きくなることに伴って、可撓性中空体４が過剰に圧縮され難くなるので損傷を防止するには有利になる。     When the ship comes into contact with the front impact plate 3 of the fender 1 in which the flexible hollow body 4 illustrated in FIG. 1 is not compressed, the front impact plate 3 is pressed as illustrated in FIG. The porous hollow body 4 is in a compressed state. In the fender 1 of the present invention, since the casing 7 is installed in the internal space 4a of the flexible hollow body 4, the initial volume of the flexible hollow body 4 before being compressed is from the internal space 4a. The value is obtained by subtracting the volume of the casing 7. Therefore, compared with the case where the casing 7 is not installed in the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4, the reaction force R at the initial compression of the flexible hollow body 4 can be increased. As the reaction force R increases, the flexible hollow body 4 becomes difficult to be compressed excessively, which is advantageous in preventing damage.

図３、図４に例示するように前衝板３がさらに押圧されることにより、可撓性中空体４がさらに圧縮されて、可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐが所定圧力Ｐ１に達すると、この所定圧力Ｐ１により押圧された弁体９ｂが付勢部材９ｃの付勢力に対抗して貫通穴９ａが形成された壁面から離れる方向に移動する。これにより、シール部材９ｄが壁面から離れて安全弁８が開弁する。安全弁８が開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１は、例えば、防舷材１の保証耐圧力の２０％〜９０％程度に設定する。   When the front plate 3 is further pressed as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the flexible hollow body 4 is further compressed, and the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 reaches a predetermined pressure P1. The valve body 9b pressed by the predetermined pressure P1 moves in a direction away from the wall surface in which the through hole 9a is formed against the urging force of the urging member 9c. As a result, the seal member 9d is separated from the wall surface and the safety valve 8 is opened. The predetermined pressure P1 at which the safety valve 8 opens is set to, for example, about 20% to 90% of the guaranteed pressure resistance of the fender 1.

この開弁した安全弁８を通じて、可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａのうちのケーシング７の外側の空間とケーシング７の内部空間７ａとが連通する。このように、可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐがある程度大きくなると、ケーシング７の内部空間７ａに空気Ａが流入して可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐの上昇が抑制される。   Through the opened safety valve 8, the space outside the casing 7 in the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4 communicates with the internal space 7 a of the casing 7. Thus, when the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 increases to some extent, the air A flows into the internal space 7a of the casing 7 and the increase of the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 is suppressed.

そして、ケーシング７の内部空間７ａに流入した空気Ａは、オリフィス部１０を通じてケーシング７の外側の可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａに徐々に排出される。ケーシング７の内部空間７ａからの空気Ａの排出により、可撓性中空体４は圧縮される前の状態に復元する。このように本発明では、ケーシング７を損傷させることなく、エネルギー吸収体として機能させるので、繰り返し長期間使用することが可能になる。   The air A that has flowed into the internal space 7 a of the casing 7 is gradually discharged to the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4 outside the casing 7 through the orifice portion 10. By discharging the air A from the internal space 7a of the casing 7, the flexible hollow body 4 is restored to the state before being compressed. Thus, in this invention, since it functions as an energy absorber, without damaging the casing 7, it becomes possible to use it repeatedly for a long time.

さらに、ケーシング７の内部空間７ａから、小孔のオリフィス部１０を通じて空気Ａを排出させるので、可撓性中空体４が圧縮される前の状態に復元する速度が遅くなる。そのため、この復元する際に生じる反力Ｒが小さくなり、この復元の際に前衝板３に当接している船舶の揺動を低減させることができる。   Furthermore, since the air A is discharged from the internal space 7a of the casing 7 through the small-hole orifice portion 10, the speed at which the flexible hollow body 4 is restored to the state before being compressed becomes slow. Therefore, the reaction force R generated during the restoration is reduced, and the swinging of the ship that is in contact with the front impact plate 3 during the restoration can be reduced.

オリフィス部１０の総開口面積を適切に決めて、例えば、複数あるオリフィス部１０の総開口面積をケーシング７の壁面積の１％〜３０％、好ましくは２％〜１５％に設定する。これにより、船舶が低速で接岸した場合には可撓性中空体４がゆっくりと圧縮されるので、内部空間４ａの圧力上昇に対してオリフィス部１０の直径および総開口面積が十分に大きく内部空間４ａとケーシング７の内部空間７ａの圧力は等しくなるためケーシング７の影響はなくなり、当初の防舷材１の持つソフトな反力で船舶の接岸エネルギーを吸収することができる。   The total opening area of the orifice portion 10 is appropriately determined. For example, the total opening area of the plurality of orifice portions 10 is set to 1% to 30%, preferably 2% to 15% of the wall area of the casing 7. As a result, when the ship is berthed at low speed, the flexible hollow body 4 is slowly compressed, so that the diameter and the total opening area of the orifice portion 10 are sufficiently large with respect to the pressure increase in the internal space 4a. Since the pressure in 4a and the internal space 7a of the casing 7 becomes equal, the influence of the casing 7 is eliminated, and the berthing energy of the ship can be absorbed by the soft reaction force of the original fender 1.

一方、船舶が台風などの強風により異常接岸した場合には、可撓性中空体４は動的に圧縮されるので、内部空間４ａの圧力上昇に対してオリフィス部１０の直径および総開口面積が十分に小さく、可撓性中空体４の容積は、内部空間４ａからケーシング７の体積を差し引いた値となり反力Ｒを大きくすることができる。それ故、船舶の接岸速度に応じて空気式防舷材の特性を活かしたソフトな反力と異常接岸に対応した大きな反力の両方を得ることができる。   On the other hand, when the ship abnormally touches due to strong wind such as typhoon, the flexible hollow body 4 is dynamically compressed, so that the diameter and the total opening area of the orifice portion 10 are increased with respect to the pressure increase in the internal space 4a. The volume of the flexible hollow body 4 is sufficiently small and becomes a value obtained by subtracting the volume of the casing 7 from the internal space 4a, so that the reaction force R can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to obtain both a soft reaction force utilizing the characteristics of the pneumatic fender and a large reaction force corresponding to abnormal berthing depending on the berthing speed of the ship.

図５には、可撓性中空体４が圧縮されて復元するまでの１サイクルにおける圧縮量Ｘと反力Ｒとの関係を模式的に示している。図５では実線が本発明を示し、一点鎖線は可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａにケーシング７を設置していない従来の防舷材を示している。   FIG. 5 schematically shows the relationship between the compression amount X and the reaction force R in one cycle until the flexible hollow body 4 is compressed and restored. In FIG. 5, the solid line indicates the present invention, and the alternate long and short dash line indicates a conventional fender having no casing 7 installed in the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4.

圧縮量Ｘが０以上Ｘ１未満の圧縮初期の状態では上述したように、従来の防舷材に比して圧縮される可撓性中空体４の容積が小さくなる。それ故、本発明の防舷材１は従来の防舷材に比して大きな反力Ｒを得ることができる。   As described above, in the initial compression state where the compression amount X is 0 or more and less than X1, the volume of the flexible hollow body 4 to be compressed is smaller than that of the conventional fender. Therefore, the fender 1 of the present invention can obtain a larger reaction force R than the conventional fender.

可撓性中空体４がさらに圧縮されて圧縮量ＸがＸ１になり、可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐが所定圧力Ｐ１に達すると（この時の反力ＲはＲ１）、安全弁８が開弁してケーシング７の内部空間７ａに空気Ａが流入する。圧縮量ＸがＸ２になるまでは、可撓性中空体４は概ね一定の内圧Ｐ１になって内圧上昇が抑制され、反力Ｒは概ね一定の反力Ｒ１になる。   When the flexible hollow body 4 is further compressed and the compression amount X becomes X1, and the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 reaches a predetermined pressure P1 (the reaction force R at this time is R1), the safety valve 8 is opened. The air A flows into the internal space 7 a of the casing 7. Until the compression amount X reaches X2, the flexible hollow body 4 has a substantially constant internal pressure P1, the increase in internal pressure is suppressed, and the reaction force R becomes a substantially constant reaction force R1.

可撓性中空体４がさらに圧縮されて圧縮量ＸがＸ２になり、流入する空気Ａによって内部空間７ａの圧力が可撓性中空体４の内圧と同等にまで上昇すると反力Ｒが上昇する。反力Ｒ２になるまで可撓性中空体４が圧縮された後に、圧縮が解除されると可撓性中空体４は圧縮前の状態に復元する。この復元する速度は上述したように遅いので反力Ｒは小さくなる。そのため、従来の防舷材に比して、船舶の揺動を低減させるには有利になる。   When the flexible hollow body 4 is further compressed and the compression amount X becomes X2, the reaction force R rises when the pressure of the internal space 7a rises to the same level as the internal pressure of the flexible hollow body 4 by the inflowing air A. . After the flexible hollow body 4 is compressed to the reaction force R2, when the compression is released, the flexible hollow body 4 is restored to the state before compression. Since the restoring speed is slow as described above, the reaction force R becomes small. Therefore, it is advantageous for reducing the swing of the ship as compared with the conventional fender.

ケーシング７の突出高さｈは、取付板２と前衝板３との間隔Ｈの４０％以下に設定するとともに、ケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積を可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａの容積の１０％〜３５％に設定することが好ましい。突出高さｈが間隔Ｈの４０％超に設定されていると、ケーシング７と押圧された前衝板３とが干渉し易くなるためである。また、ケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積が可撓性中空体４の内部空間４ａの容積の１０％未満では、可撓性中空体４の圧縮初期の反力Ｒを十分に大きくすることが難しく、３５％超ではケーシング７と押圧された前衝板３とが干渉し易くなるためである。   The protruding height h of the casing 7 is set to 40% or less of the distance H between the mounting plate 2 and the front plate 3, and the volume of the internal space 7 a of the casing 7 is set to that of the internal space 4 a of the flexible hollow body 4. It is preferable to set to 10% to 35% of the volume. This is because when the protrusion height h is set to be more than 40% of the interval H, the casing 7 and the pressed front plate 3 are likely to interfere with each other. If the volume of the internal space 7a of the casing 7 is less than 10% of the volume of the internal space 4a of the flexible hollow body 4, it is difficult to sufficiently increase the reaction force R at the initial compression of the flexible hollow body 4. If it exceeds 35%, the casing 7 and the pressed front plate 3 are likely to interfere with each other.

尚、ケーシング７と押圧された前衝板３とが干渉し難くするために、前衝板３と対向するケーシング７の壁面は前衝板３と平行な平面状にするとよい。また、実施形態のように安全弁８をケーシング７の内部空間７ａ側に設けると、安全弁８と押圧された前衝板３との干渉を防止できる。   In order to make it difficult for the casing 7 and the pressed front impact plate 3 to interfere with each other, the wall surface of the casing 7 facing the front impact plate 3 may be a plane parallel to the front impact plate 3. If the safety valve 8 is provided on the inner space 7a side of the casing 7 as in the embodiment, interference between the safety valve 8 and the pressed front plate 3 can be prevented.

安全弁８は、何らかの原因で故障することも考えられるので、図６に例示するように複数設けることが好ましい。複数の安全弁８のすべてが同じ所定圧力Ｐ１で開弁する設定にすることもできる。或いは、複数の安全弁８のうち、少なくとも１つの安全弁８が異なる所定圧力Ｐ１で開弁する設定にすることもできる。   Since the safety valve 8 may be broken for some reason, it is preferable to provide a plurality of safety valves 8 as illustrated in FIG. It is also possible to set so that all of the plurality of safety valves 8 are opened at the same predetermined pressure P1. Alternatively, at least one safety valve 8 among the plurality of safety valves 8 may be set to open at a different predetermined pressure P1.

開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１をすべての安全弁８に対して同じ設定にした場合、図５に例示したように可撓性中空体４の内圧Ｐが所定圧力Ｐ１（反力Ｒ１）に達すると、一定反力Ｒ１のままで可撓性中空体４の圧縮量Ｘは、Ｘ１からＸ２まで比較的早く変化し、圧縮速度が速くなる。   When the predetermined pressure P1 to be opened is set to be the same for all the safety valves 8, when the internal pressure P of the flexible hollow body 4 reaches the predetermined pressure P1 (reaction force R1) as illustrated in FIG. The compression amount X of the flexible hollow body 4 with the reaction force R1 changes relatively quickly from X1 to X2, and the compression speed increases.

一方、開弁するタイミングが異なる安全弁８を混在させた場合、図５に例示した反力Ｒが一定になる水平直線部分が複数に分割されることになる。これにより、前者の場合に比して、可撓性中空体４の圧縮速度を遅くすることが可能になる。   On the other hand, when the safety valves 8 having different opening timings are mixed, the horizontal straight line portion where the reaction force R illustrated in FIG. 5 becomes constant is divided into a plurality of parts. Thereby, it becomes possible to slow down the compression speed of the flexible hollow body 4 compared with the former case.

複数の安全弁８を設けた場合、図７に例示するようにケーシング７を分割して複数にすることもできる。複数に分割したケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積はすべて同じ設定にすることもでき、異なる設定にすることもできる。   When a plurality of safety valves 8 are provided, the casing 7 can be divided into a plurality of parts as illustrated in FIG. All the volumes of the internal space 7a of the casing 7 divided into a plurality of parts can be set to the same or different.

防舷材１に要求されるエネルギー吸収性能に応じて、例えば、開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１が低い安全弁８を取付けたケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積を、開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１が高い安全弁８を取付けたケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積よりも小さくする。或いは、その反対で、開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１が低い安全弁８を取付けたケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積を、開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１が高い安全弁８を取付けたケーシング７の内部空間７ａの容積よりも大きくする。このようにして、それぞれのケーシング７の内部空間７ａの圧力を、他のケーシング７の内部空間７ａの圧力とは、独立に制御することもできる。   Depending on the energy absorption performance required for the fender 1, for example, the volume of the internal space 7 a of the casing 7 to which the safety valve 8 having a low predetermined pressure P <b> 1 to be opened is attached is the safety valve 8 having a high predetermined pressure P <b> 1 to be opened Is made smaller than the volume of the internal space 7a of the casing 7 to which is attached. Alternatively, on the contrary, the volume of the internal space 7a of the casing 7 to which the safety valve 8 having a low predetermined pressure P1 to be opened is attached is the volume of the internal space 7a of the casing 7 to which the safety valve 8 having a high predetermined pressure P1 to be opened is attached. Larger than. In this way, the pressure in the internal space 7a of each casing 7 can be controlled independently of the pressure in the internal space 7a of the other casing 7.

安全弁８は、開弁する所定圧力Ｐ１を変えることができる圧力可変構造にすることもできる。この実施形態では、付勢部材９ｃを付勢力が異なるものに交換することにより、容易に安全弁８が開弁する圧力を変えることができる。このような圧力可変構造にすれば、安全弁８を変えるだけで、エネルギー吸収性能を異ならせた様々な防舷材１を容易に製造することが可能になる。したがって、様々な大きさの船舶に適応する防舷材１を早期に製造コストを抑えて製造するには有利になる。   The safety valve 8 may have a variable pressure structure that can change the predetermined pressure P1 to be opened. In this embodiment, the pressure at which the safety valve 8 opens can be easily changed by replacing the urging member 9c with one having a different urging force. With such a variable pressure structure, it is possible to easily manufacture various fenders 1 having different energy absorption performances by simply changing the safety valve 8. Therefore, it is advantageous to manufacture the fender 1 suitable for ships of various sizes at an early stage while suppressing the manufacturing cost.

１ 空気式防舷材
２ 取付板
３ 前衝板
４ 可撓性中空体
４ａ 内部空間
５ ゴム
６ 補強層
７ ケーシング
７ａ 内部空間
８ 安全弁
９ａ 貫通穴
９ｂ 弁体
９ｃ 付勢部材
９ｄ シール部材
１０ オリフィス部
１１ 岸壁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pneumatic fender 2 Mounting plate 3 Front plate 4 Flexible hollow body 4a Internal space 5 Rubber 6 Reinforcement layer 7 Casing 7a Internal space 8 Safety valve 9a Through hole 9b Valve body 9c Energizing member 9d Seal member 10 Orifice part 11 Quay

Claims (6)

取付板と前衝板との間に可撓性中空体が設けられた空気式防舷材において、前記取付板または前衝板のいずれか一方の前記可撓性中空体の内部に位置する表面に、内部空間を有する剛体のケーシングが突設され、このケーシングにオリフィス部と安全弁とが設けられ、前記オリフィス部は前記可撓性中空体の内部空間のうちの前記ケーシングの外側の空間と前記ケーシングの内部空間とを連通させ、前記安全弁は前記可撓性中空体の内圧が所定圧力に達した時に開弁して、この安全弁を通じて前記可撓性中空体の内部空間のうちの前記ケーシングの外側の空間とケーシングの内部空間とを連通させる構成にしたことを特徴とする空気式防舷材。   In a pneumatic fender provided with a flexible hollow body between a mounting plate and a front plate, a surface located inside the flexible hollow body of either the mounting plate or the front plate Further, a rigid casing having an internal space is projected, and an orifice portion and a safety valve are provided in the casing, and the orifice portion is connected to a space outside the casing in the internal space of the flexible hollow body. The safety valve communicates with the internal space of the casing, and the safety valve opens when the internal pressure of the flexible hollow body reaches a predetermined pressure. Through the safety valve, the safety valve of the casing in the internal space of the flexible hollow body is opened. A pneumatic fender having a configuration in which an outer space communicates with an inner space of a casing. 前記ケーシングの突出高さを、前記取付板と前衝板との間隔の４０％以下に設定するとともに、前記ケーシングの内部空間の容積を前記可撓性中空体の内部空間の容積の１０％〜３５％に設定した請求項１に記載の空気式防舷材。   The protruding height of the casing is set to 40% or less of the interval between the mounting plate and the front plate, and the volume of the internal space of the casing is set to 10% to the volume of the internal space of the flexible hollow body. The pneumatic fender according to claim 1, which is set to 35%. 前記安全弁が複数設けられた請求項１または２に記載の空気式防舷材。   The pneumatic fender according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the safety valves are provided. 前記複数設けられた安全弁のうち、少なくとも１つの安全弁が異なる所定圧力で開弁する設定にした請求項３に記載の空気式防舷材。   The pneumatic fender according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the plurality of safety valves is set to open at a different predetermined pressure. 前記複数設けられた安全弁のすべてが同じ所定圧力で開弁する設定にした請求３に記載の空気式防舷材。   The pneumatic fender according to claim 3, wherein all of the plurality of safety valves are set to open at the same predetermined pressure. 前記安全弁が、開弁する所定圧力を変えることができる圧力可変構造である請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の空気式防舷材。   The pneumatic fender according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the safety valve has a variable pressure structure capable of changing a predetermined pressure for opening.
JP2012225814A 2012-10-11 2012-10-11 Pneumatic fender Expired - Fee Related JP5880384B2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012225814A JP5880384B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2012-10-11 Pneumatic fender
EP13844770.1A EP2910684B9 (en) 2012-10-11 2013-10-11 Pneumatic fender
US14/435,147 US9428875B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2013-10-11 Pneumatic fender
KR1020157010930A KR20150053820A (en) 2012-10-11 2013-10-11 Pneumatic fender
CN201380048472.8A CN104641044B (en) 2012-10-11 2013-10-11 Inflating type protective balk
PCT/JP2013/077723 WO2014058044A1 (en) 2012-10-11 2013-10-11 Pneumatic fender

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012225814A JP5880384B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2012-10-11 Pneumatic fender

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2014077295A true JP2014077295A (en) 2014-05-01
JP5880384B2 JP5880384B2 (en) 2016-03-09

Family

ID=50782812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2012225814A Expired - Fee Related JP5880384B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2012-10-11 Pneumatic fender

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5880384B2 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6070627U (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-18 横浜ゴム株式会社 pneumatic fender
JPH0438314A (en) * 1990-05-31 1992-02-07 Taisei Corp Fender device
JPH101928A (en) * 1996-06-17 1998-01-06 Masaki Yamamoto Low reaction type pneumatic fender
JPH11152728A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-08 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The Pneumatic fender
JP2009235782A (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-15 Taisei Corp Fender and reinforcing method of fender

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6070627U (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-18 横浜ゴム株式会社 pneumatic fender
JPH0438314A (en) * 1990-05-31 1992-02-07 Taisei Corp Fender device
JPH101928A (en) * 1996-06-17 1998-01-06 Masaki Yamamoto Low reaction type pneumatic fender
JPH11152728A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-08 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The Pneumatic fender
JP2009235782A (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-15 Taisei Corp Fender and reinforcing method of fender

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5880384B2 (en) 2016-03-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5722582B2 (en) Air spring device
JP5097591B2 (en) How to reinforce existing fenders
CN210769641U (en) Novel buffering hydraulic cylinder
US20180038442A1 (en) Vibration damper with a traction stop
CN104786793B (en) Automatically inflation and exhaust type vehicle door sealing device
JP5880384B2 (en) Pneumatic fender
CN102410200B (en) There is the pump element of the piston valve of valve
WO2014058044A1 (en) Pneumatic fender
JP6179186B2 (en) Pneumatic fender
JP2008196621A (en) Vibration isolation device for vehicle
KR101270866B1 (en) Vibration resistant apparatus for breaker
JP4989382B2 (en) Axle spring for vehicle
CN204755702U (en) Press from both sides along formula air spring
JP2007263132A (en) Hydraulic shock absorber
KR200237820Y1 (en) Shock absorption device using permanent magnet
JP6983045B2 (en) Buffer stopper
JP5214299B2 (en) Sloshing inhibitor
JP2005201398A (en) Valve structure of hydraulic buffer
CN213064466U (en) Shock attenuation formula diesel generating set
JP7133421B2 (en) buffer stopper
JP2001146873A (en) Door stopper
CN221195880U (en) Damping control valve with automatic exhaust function
CN218235950U (en) Novel rubber-plastic joint for counteractive rod
KR20020045772A (en) Stopper device of shock absorber
CN211202149U (en) Car carbon tank solenoid valve mounting structure

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20141223

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20151104

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20151124

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20160105

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20160118

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 5880384

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees