JP2014055911A - Contactless potentiometer - Google Patents

Contactless potentiometer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2014055911A
JP2014055911A JP2012202241A JP2012202241A JP2014055911A JP 2014055911 A JP2014055911 A JP 2014055911A JP 2012202241 A JP2012202241 A JP 2012202241A JP 2012202241 A JP2012202241 A JP 2012202241A JP 2014055911 A JP2014055911 A JP 2014055911A
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Prior art keywords
circuit board
shaft
sensor
magnet
cover member
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JP2012202241A
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Japanese (ja)
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Masahiro Horiguchi
昌宏 堀口
Masaru Yamanoi
勝 山野井
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Nidec Advanced Motor Corp
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Nidec Servo Corp
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Priority to JP2012202241A priority Critical patent/JP2014055911A/en
Priority to CN201320475533.6U priority patent/CN203443595U/en
Priority to US14/024,843 priority patent/US20140077922A1/en
Publication of JP2014055911A publication Critical patent/JP2014055911A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/10—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force
    • H01C10/103—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force by using means responding to magnetic or electric fields, e.g. by addition of magnetisable or piezoelectric particles to the resistive material, or by an electromagnetic actuator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contactless potentiometer which can achieve miniaturization, which can incorporate not only a detecting element of a rotation angle but also a processing circuit of a detection signal from the detecting element, and which can meet with functional requirements without a significant change when functional requirements occur.SOLUTION: A contactless potentiometer includes: a housing 10 supporting a shaft 15 which holds a magnet 19 at its tip; a cover member 20 which is attached to the housing on the side of the shaft tip and which forms a sealed sensor chamber 21 facing the shaft tip inside the housing; a circuit board 23 which is mounted on the cover member on the sensor chamber side in a manner to cross the shaft at a right angle and whose surface on the sensor chamber side has a sensor IC 24 for magnetically detecting a rotation angle in such a manner that the sensor IC faces the magnet; and a recess 25 which is recessed in a part of the cover member at a position of facing the circuit board and which forms a component mounting spare space 26 with the circuit board.

Description

本発明は、電気機器や産業機器等に組み込まれて回転位置検出に利用される磁気式の無接触型ポテンショメータに関する。   The present invention relates to a magnetic non-contact potentiometer that is incorporated in electrical equipment, industrial equipment, and the like and used for rotational position detection.

従来より、角度センサの一つである無接触型ポテンショメータとして、例えば特許文献１に示されるように、シャフトに固定される円板状マグネットの形状を外周部が周方向で厚みが変化する略円柱形状とし、マグネットの側方に配置したホール素子と向き合うマグネットの厚みの変化に応じてホール素子の出力電圧を変化させてシャフトの回転位置を検出するようにしたものがある。   Conventionally, as a non-contact type potentiometer which is one of angle sensors, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the shape of a disk-shaped magnet fixed to a shaft is substantially a cylinder whose outer peripheral portion changes in thickness in the circumferential direction. There is a configuration in which the rotational position of the shaft is detected by changing the output voltage of the Hall element according to the change in the thickness of the magnet facing the Hall element arranged on the side of the magnet.

また、他のポテンショメータとしては、例えば特許文献２に見られるように、シャフトの先端に直接又は熱伸縮部を介して磁石を取り付けると共に、これに軸方向に対向するように一対の磁気抵抗素子を設け、シャフトの回転に伴うマグネットの回転位置に応じて一対の磁気抵抗素子に対する磁界の強さが変化することにより、磁気抵抗素子の抵抗値を可変させ、シャフトの回転動作に応じた出力電圧の変動からシャフトの回転角を得るようにしたものがある。   As another potentiometer, for example, as seen in Patent Document 2, a magnet is attached to the tip of a shaft directly or via a thermal expansion / contraction part, and a pair of magnetoresistive elements are provided so as to face this axially. By changing the strength of the magnetic field for the pair of magnetoresistive elements according to the rotational position of the magnet as the shaft rotates, the resistance value of the magnetoresistive elements can be varied, and the output voltage corresponding to the rotational operation of the shaft can be changed. There is one that obtains the rotation angle of the shaft from the fluctuation.

特開２００６−２４２９１５号公報JP 2006-242915 A 特開平８−１９３８０２号公報JP-A-8-193802

しかしながら、上述した従来のポテンショメータにあっては、特許文献１に示すものの場合、シャフトと一体回転するマグネットをその外周部が周方向に厚みが変化するような形状にする必要があり、マグネットの形状が特殊となり、その製造に手間を要する上、高価になる難点があり、しかも、マグネットに対してホール素子をマグネットの外周に配置するため、装置全体として大型化する問題がある。   However, in the case of the conventional potentiometer described above, in the case of the one shown in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to make the magnet that rotates integrally with the shaft so that its outer peripheral portion changes its thickness in the circumferential direction. However, there is a problem that the manufacturing process is troublesome and expensive, and the hall element is arranged on the outer periphery of the magnet with respect to the magnet.

また、引用文献２に示すものの場合、シャフトの先端に取り付けた永久磁石と、これに対向するよう配置した２つの磁気抵抗素子とを、シャフトの軸線方向に配置することができるため、引用文献１の場合とは異なり、装置全体が大径化することがなく、特殊な形状の永久磁石を用いる必要もなく、小型・安価なポテンショメータとすることができる。反面、特許文献２のものでは、ハウジング内の底面に設けた磁極ヨーク上に一対の磁気抵抗素子を配置し、そのリード端子をそれぞれハウジングから導出させるだけの構成であるため、ポテンショメータからは両磁気抵抗素子の出力信号しか得られず、シャフトの回転角に応じた信号（電圧信号）は外部の処理回路で形成する必要があり、外部装置が複雑化する問題がある。   Further, in the case of the one shown in the cited document 2, the permanent magnet attached to the tip of the shaft and the two magnetoresistive elements arranged so as to face the permanent magnet can be arranged in the axial direction of the shaft. Unlike the case described above, the entire apparatus does not have a large diameter, and there is no need to use a specially shaped permanent magnet, and the potentiometer can be made small and inexpensive. On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, the configuration is such that a pair of magnetoresistive elements are arranged on the magnetic pole yoke provided on the bottom surface in the housing and the lead terminals are respectively led out from the housing. Only the output signal of the resistance element can be obtained, and a signal (voltage signal) corresponding to the rotation angle of the shaft needs to be formed by an external processing circuit, which causes a problem that the external device becomes complicated.

ここで、ポテンショメータのハウジング内に、一対の磁気抵抗素子の各端子を接続して信号処理回路を構成するための回路基板を収容することも考えられるが、特に引用文献２の場合、永久磁石と磁極ヨークとを対峙させてこの両者間に一対の磁気抵抗素子を配置する構成であるため、回路基板のための収容スペースを確保するのが容易でない難点がある。加えて、ポテンショメータの出力信号に対して電磁波等のノイズ対策が要求される場合のように、機能的な要求が追加された際には、回路構成の変更に伴い新規な回路基板とする必要があり、仕様が異なる毎に複数種類のポテンショメータを用意する等、生産効率も低下する難点がある。   Here, it is conceivable to accommodate a circuit board for configuring a signal processing circuit by connecting the terminals of a pair of magnetoresistive elements in the potentiometer housing. Since the magnetic yoke is opposed to the magnetic pole yoke and a pair of magnetoresistive elements are disposed between the two, it is difficult to secure a storage space for the circuit board. In addition, when a functional requirement is added, such as when noise countermeasures such as electromagnetic waves are required for the output signal of the potentiometer, it is necessary to use a new circuit board as the circuit configuration changes. There is a problem that the production efficiency also decreases, such as preparing a plurality of types of potentiometers for different specifications.

本発明は、従来の技術の有するこのような問題点に留意してなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、小型化が可能である上、回転角度の検出要素のみならず検出要素からの検出信号の処理回路も内蔵でき、しかも機能的な要求が生じた場合にも、大幅な変更を要することなく対応することが可能な無接触型ポテンショメータを提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in consideration of such problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is that it is possible to reduce the size and use not only the detection element of the rotation angle but also the detection element. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-contact type potentiometer that can incorporate a detection signal processing circuit and can cope with a functional request without requiring a significant change.

上記目的を実現するために、本発明の無接触型ポテンショメータにあっては、先端部にマグネットを保持したシャフトを軸受を介して回転自在に支持するハウジングと、このハウジングに対しシャフトの先端側から取り付けられハウジングとの間でシャフトの先端部が臨む密閉のセンサ室を形成するカバー部材と、このカバー部材のセンサ室側にシャフトに直交するかたちで装着されセンサ室側の面においてマグネットに対向して磁気式角度検出用のセンサＩＣが実装される回路基板と、カバー部材における回路基板との対向位置の一部に凹設され回路基板とにより部品実装予備スペースを形成する凹部と、を備えることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the contactless potentiometer of the present invention includes a housing that rotatably supports a shaft holding a magnet at a tip portion via a bearing, and the housing from the tip side of the shaft. A cover member that forms a sealed sensor chamber that faces the tip of the shaft that is attached to the housing, and is mounted on the sensor chamber side of the cover member in a shape perpendicular to the shaft, and faces the magnet on the sensor chamber side surface. A circuit board on which a sensor IC for detecting a magnetic angle is mounted, and a recess that is recessed at a part of the cover member facing the circuit board and that forms a component mounting preliminary space with the circuit board. It is characterized by.

上記構成の無接触型ポテンショメータにおいて、カバー部材に外部からのリード線を回路基板に案内するための開口を形成し、リード線の回路基板への接続後に、開口にシール部材を充填するのが望ましい。また、シャフトの先端部に、先端に開口する円形凹部を同心に設け、マグネットをこの円形凹部内に埋め込むようにするのがよい。特に、マグネットは、２つの異なる磁極をそれぞれ半円状に形成してなるものとすることができ、回路基板上のセンサＩＣは回転軸の軸心の延長線上に配置することができる。   In the contactless potentiometer having the above-described configuration, it is desirable that an opening for guiding an external lead wire to the circuit board is formed in the cover member, and the opening is filled with a seal member after the lead wire is connected to the circuit board. . Moreover, it is preferable to provide a concentric circular recess that opens at the tip of the shaft and embed the magnet in the circular recess. In particular, the magnet can be formed by forming two different magnetic poles in a semicircular shape, and the sensor IC on the circuit board can be arranged on an extension line of the axis of the rotating shaft.

また、上記無接触型ポテンショメータにおいて、回路基板におけるセンサ室側の面に、センサＩＣと共に、このセンサＩＣで得られた信号を角度信号として出力するための出力処理回路を構成する各種電子部品の一部又は全部を実装することができる。さらに、回路基板を両面印刷基板から構成し、この回路基板における部品実装予備スペースの位置にも部品を実装する構成とすることができる。加えて、シャフトにおける軸受より基部側の周面とハウジングとの間にはシール手段を介在するのがなお良い。   In the contactless potentiometer, one of various electronic components constituting an output processing circuit for outputting a signal obtained by the sensor IC as an angle signal together with the sensor IC on the surface of the circuit board on the sensor chamber side. Some or all can be implemented. Further, the circuit board can be constituted by a double-sided printed board, and a component can be mounted at the position of the component mounting preliminary space on the circuit board. In addition, it is more preferable that a sealing means is interposed between the peripheral surface of the shaft on the base side of the bearing and the housing.

本発明の無接触型ポテンショメータによれば、ハウジングに支持されたシャフトの先端部にマグネットが保持されてこれがセンサ室に配置され、カバー部材のセンサ室側に装着された回路基板にマグネットに対向してセンサＩＣが実装される構成になっているため、マグネットとセンサＩＣをシャフトの軸線方向に配置でき、上記した特許文献１のように装置全体がシャフトの径方向に大型化する心配が無く、また、カバー部材に回路基板を装着し、回路基板に実装したセンサＩＣの周辺回路等も回路基板に実装することが可能であるため、シャフトの回転角度に応じた出力信号を出力することが可能となる。特に、カバー部材における回路基板との対向位置には凹部が設けられ、これが回路基板に面しているため、凹部に面した回路基板にも部品実装することが可能となり、回路基板やハウジング・カバー部材等の構造を変更することなく、センサＩＣに関連する回路構成を適宜変更することが可能となり、仕様変更等に都度対応することができるものである。   According to the contactless potentiometer of the present invention, the magnet is held at the tip of the shaft supported by the housing and is disposed in the sensor chamber, and is opposed to the magnet on the circuit board mounted on the sensor chamber side of the cover member. Since the sensor IC is mounted, the magnet and the sensor IC can be arranged in the axial direction of the shaft, and there is no fear that the entire apparatus is enlarged in the radial direction of the shaft as in Patent Document 1 described above. In addition, it is possible to mount the circuit board on the cover member and to mount the peripheral circuit of the sensor IC mounted on the circuit board on the circuit board, so it is possible to output an output signal according to the rotation angle of the shaft It becomes. In particular, a concave portion is provided at a position facing the circuit board in the cover member, and this faces the circuit board. Therefore, it is possible to mount components on the circuit board facing the concave portion. It is possible to appropriately change the circuit configuration related to the sensor IC without changing the structure of the member or the like, and it is possible to cope with a change in specifications or the like each time.

本発明の実施例１による無接触型ポテンショメータを示す切断側面図である。It is a cutting | disconnection side view which shows the non-contact-type potentiometer by Example 1 of this invention. 図１の無接触型ポテンショメータの正面図である。It is a front view of the non-contact type potentiometer of FIG. 図１の無接触型ポテンショメータの回路基板における結線図である。It is a connection diagram in the circuit board of the non-contact type potentiometer of FIG. 本発明の実施例２による無接触型ポテンショメータを示す切断側面図である。It is a cutting | disconnection side view which shows the non-contact-type potentiometer by Example 2 of this invention. 図４の無接触型ポテンショメータの正面図である。It is a front view of the non-contact type potentiometer of FIG. 本発明の実施例３による無接触型ポテンショメータを示す切断側面図である。It is a cutting | disconnection side view which shows the non-contact-type potentiometer by Example 3 of this invention.

本発明に係る無接触型ポテンショメータの実施例につき、以下図面に基づき説明する。   Embodiments of a contactless potentiometer according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

本発明の実施例１を図１〜図３を用いて説明する。図１はポテンショメータをシャフトの軸線に沿って切断したものを示し、図２はポテンショメータの正面図である。ポテンショメータの外筐をなすハウジング１０は円筒状の本体部１１及びこの本体部１１の基部外周に一体に設けられたフランジ部１２からなり、非磁性の金属材料或いは樹脂材料により構成されている。本体部１１は、中腹の軸受保持部１１ａと、軸受保持部１１ａより内径が多少大きく形成された基部寄りのシール部１１ｂと、このシール部１１ｂよりも内径がさらに大きく形成された先端寄りのセンサ部１１ｃとを有し、軸受保持部１１ａの内側においてボールベアリングよりなる一対の軸受１３・１４を用いてシャフト１５が回転自在に支持されている。軸受保持部１１ａの内側には内径側に突出して両軸受１３・１４の外輪間に介在する環状段部１１ｄが設けられている。   A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a potentiometer cut along the axis of the shaft, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the potentiometer. A housing 10 that forms the outer casing of the potentiometer includes a cylindrical main body 11 and a flange 12 that is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the base of the main body 11 and is made of a nonmagnetic metal material or resin material. The main body 11 includes a middle bearing holding portion 11a, a seal portion 11b closer to the base having an inner diameter slightly larger than the bearing holding portion 11a, and a sensor closer to the tip having an inner diameter larger than the seal portion 11b. The shaft 15 is rotatably supported using a pair of bearings 13 and 14 made of ball bearings inside the bearing holding portion 11a. An annular step portion 11d is provided on the inner side of the bearing holding portion 11a so as to protrude toward the inner diameter side and be interposed between the outer rings of the bearings 13 and 14.

シャフト１５は非磁性金属材料により構成され、その軸方向のほぼ中間位置を境に基部側の太径部１５Ａと、先端側の中径部１５Ｂとを備えており、中径部１５Ｂの先端部外周面には雄ねじが形成されている。このシャフト１５は、その中径部１５Ｂを先端側から一対の軸受１３・１４の内輪の内側に挿通し、軸受１４から導出した中径部１５Ｂの先端部に、環状板ばね１６及び環状スペーサ１７を介挿した後、この先端部の雄ねじにナット１８を螺合することにより、本体部１１に支持される。このとき、シャフト１５の太径部１５Ａにおける中径部１５Ｂ側の段付部が軸受１３の内輪の基部側端面に当接すると共に、一対の軸受１３・１４のそれぞれの外輪における互いに向かい合う端面が環状段部１１ｄに当接しているため、板ばね１６が軸受１４の内輪端面に接した状態でスペーサ１７を介してナット１８を適度の締付力で螺合することにより、一対の軸受１３・１４に板ばね１６による適度な定圧予圧が与えられることになり、シャフト１５ががたつきを生じることなく本体部１１に支持されることになる。なお、板ばね１６・スペーサ１７・ナット１８はそれぞれ磁性金属材料により構成されている。   The shaft 15 is made of a non-magnetic metal material, and includes a base-side large-diameter portion 15A and a distal-side intermediate-diameter portion 15B with a substantially intermediate position in the axial direction as a boundary, and a distal end portion of the intermediate-diameter portion 15B. A male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface. The shaft 15 is inserted through the inner diameter portion 15B of the inner ring of the pair of bearings 13 and 14 from the distal end side, and an annular leaf spring 16 and an annular spacer 17 are inserted into the distal end portion of the intermediate diameter portion 15B led out from the bearing 14. After inserting the nut 18, the nut 18 is screwed into the male screw at the tip, thereby being supported by the main body 11. At this time, the stepped portion on the medium diameter portion 15B side of the large diameter portion 15A of the shaft 15 abuts on the end surface on the base side of the inner ring of the bearing 13, and the end surfaces facing each other in the outer rings of the pair of bearings 13 and 14 are annular. Since the leaf spring 16 is in contact with the inner ring end face of the bearing 14 because it is in contact with the stepped portion 11d, the nut 18 is screwed together with an appropriate tightening force through the spacer 17, whereby a pair of bearings 13 and 14 are provided. Thus, an appropriate constant pressure preload by the leaf spring 16 is applied, and the shaft 15 is supported by the main body portion 11 without rattling. The leaf spring 16, the spacer 17, and the nut 18 are each made of a magnetic metal material.

上記より明らかなように、シャフト１５の中径部１５Ｂにおいて軸受１４から導出した先端部は、本体部１１におけるセンサ部１１ｃ内に配置される。この中径部１５Ｂの先端部には先端側に開口する円形凹部がシャフト１５と同心に形成されており、これに円盤状のマグネット１９が同心状に埋め込まれ、例えば接着剤を用いて固着されている。このマグネット１９は半円状に着磁された２極の磁極を周方向に配置して構成され、例えばネオジム焼結マグネットが使用されている。   As is clear from the above, the tip portion derived from the bearing 14 in the medium diameter portion 15B of the shaft 15 is disposed in the sensor portion 11c in the main body portion 11. A circular concave portion that opens to the distal end side is formed concentrically with the shaft 15 at the distal end portion of the medium diameter portion 15B, and a disk-shaped magnet 19 is concentrically embedded in the circular concave portion and is fixed using, for example, an adhesive. ing. This magnet 19 is configured by arranging two magnetic poles magnetized in a semicircular shape in the circumferential direction. For example, a neodymium sintered magnet is used.

本体部１１におけるセンサ部１１ｃの先端側開口は、円形のカバー部材２０により施蓋され、センサ部１１ｃの内側にシャフト１５の先端部が臨む密閉されたセンサ室２１が形成されている。センサ部１１ｃの開口端内面とカバー部材２０の外周との間には周方向全周に接着剤２２が充填され、センサ室２１の気密性を高めている。カバー部材２０のセンサ室２１側、つまりシャフト先端部に対向する面には、そのほぼ全面に渡ってシャフト１５に直交するかたちで両面印刷された円形の回路基板２３が取り付けられており、回路基板２３のセンサ室２１側の面におけるシャフト先端部に対向する位置、つまり回路基板２３の中央部に、マグネット１９に対向する磁気式角度検出用のセンサＩＣ２４が実装されている。このセンサＩＣ２４としては、例えばＭｅｌｅｘｉｓ社製の型番ＭＬＸ９０３１６が用いられる。   The opening on the front end side of the sensor portion 11c in the main body portion 11 is covered with a circular cover member 20, and a sealed sensor chamber 21 is formed inside the sensor portion 11c so that the front end portion of the shaft 15 faces. An adhesive 22 is filled in the entire circumference in the circumferential direction between the inner surface of the opening end of the sensor portion 11c and the outer periphery of the cover member 20 to enhance the airtightness of the sensor chamber 21. On the sensor chamber 21 side of the cover member 20, that is, the surface facing the tip of the shaft, a circular circuit board 23 printed on both sides in a form orthogonal to the shaft 15 is attached over almost the entire surface. A sensor IC 24 for magnetic angle detection facing the magnet 19 is mounted at a position facing the tip end of the shaft on the surface of the sensor chamber 21 side, that is, at the center of the circuit board 23. As the sensor IC 24, for example, model number MLX90316 manufactured by Melexis is used.

図３は、上記センサＩＣ２４の出力信号からマグネット１９の回転角度に応じた信号を得るための処理回路を示したものであり、図中、ＺＤ１・ＺＤ２はツェナーダイオード、Ｃ１・Ｃ２・Ｃ３・Ｃ４はコンデンサ、Ｒ１・Ｒ２は抵抗を示し、また、ＶＣＣは電源端子、ＧＮＤはグランド端子、ＯＵＴは出力端子をそれぞれ示す。そして、センサＩＣ２４を含むこれら処理回路を構成する各種電子部品は、上記回路基板２３におけるセンサ室２１側の面に実装されている。   FIG. 3 shows a processing circuit for obtaining a signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the magnet 19 from the output signal of the sensor IC 24. In the figure, ZD1 and ZD2 are zener diodes, and C1, C2, C3 and C4. Denotes a capacitor, R1 and R2 denote resistors, VCC denotes a power supply terminal, GND denotes a ground terminal, and OUT denotes an output terminal. Various electronic components constituting the processing circuit including the sensor IC 24 are mounted on the surface of the circuit board 23 on the sensor chamber 21 side.

上記カバー部材２０には、回路基板２３との対向位置においてカバー部材２０の中央部を含む比較的広い範囲に渡って凹部２５が設けられ、この凹部２５と回路基板２３とにより閉塞された部品実装予備スペース２６が形成されている。この予備スペース２６は、図３に示す回路以外に、例えば出力端子ＯＵＴからの出力信号に対する電磁波対策のための保護回路を追加する場合のように、特殊なオプション回路が要求される場合に、この予備スペース２６を利用し、回路基板２３上に部品を実装してオプション回路を構成するためのものである。   The cover member 20 is provided with a recess 25 over a relatively wide range including the central portion of the cover member 20 at a position facing the circuit board 23, and the component mounting closed by the recess 25 and the circuit board 23 is provided. A spare space 26 is formed. In addition to the circuit shown in FIG. 3, the spare space 26 is used when a special optional circuit is required, for example, when a protection circuit for countermeasures against electromagnetic waves with respect to an output signal from the output terminal OUT is added. The spare space 26 is used to configure an optional circuit by mounting components on the circuit board 23.

また、カバー部材２０には、その中央から離れた部位に、ほぼ方形のリード用案内孔２７が形成され、この案内孔２７を通して回路基板２３の一部に外部から直接リード線を接続できるようになっている。回路基板２３における案内孔２７に対応する位置には、図３に示した各端子ＶＣＣ・ＯＵＴ・ＧＮＤが配置され、それぞれスルーホールを構成しており、外部からの３本のリード線２８が案内孔２７を通して回路基板２３の各端子にスルーホールを利用して挿入され、回路基板２３においてセンサＩＣ２４が実装された面で各リード線２８がそれぞれ半田付けにて接続される。このリード線２８の接続後、案内孔２７にはシール部材２９が充填され、リード線２８の保持とセンサ室２１の気密維持を図っている。   Further, the cover member 20 is formed with a substantially rectangular lead guide hole 27 at a position away from the center thereof, so that a lead wire can be directly connected to a part of the circuit board 23 from the outside through the guide hole 27. It has become. The terminals VCC, OUT, and GND shown in FIG. 3 are arranged at positions corresponding to the guide holes 27 in the circuit board 23, respectively, and constitute through holes, respectively, and three lead wires 28 from the outside guide. Through holes 27 are inserted into the terminals of the circuit board 23 using through holes, and the lead wires 28 are connected to each other by soldering on the surface of the circuit board 23 on which the sensor IC 24 is mounted. After the lead wire 28 is connected, the guide hole 27 is filled with a seal member 29 to hold the lead wire 28 and maintain the sensor chamber 21 airtight.

３本のリード線２８は保護チューブ内に通されて１本のフラットケーブル３０に纏められ、これがカバー部材２０の外面に突設された一対の突片３１間を通して上方に案内されると共に、本体部１１の上側に軸方向に形成した溝３２に通してフランジ部１２に案内され、さらにフランジ部１２においてねじ止めされる押さえ板３３により拘束され、ハウジング１０と一体化されている。   The three lead wires 28 are passed through the protective tube and gathered into one flat cable 30, which is guided upward through a pair of projecting pieces 31 projecting from the outer surface of the cover member 20. It is guided by the flange portion 12 through a groove 32 formed in the axial direction on the upper side of the portion 11, and further restrained by a pressing plate 33 screwed to the flange portion 12, and integrated with the housing 10.

ハウジング１０の本体部１１におけるシール部１１ｂの内周面と、シャフト１５における太径部１５Ａの外周面との間には、この両者間をシールする２個のオイルシール３４・３５が軸方向に並べて配置されており、これにより、外部からの塵埃等が軸受保持部１１ａ内に侵入することを防止すると同時に、カバー部材２０と協働してセンサ室２１の密閉度を高めており、防塵・防水性に優れたものとしている。   Between the inner peripheral surface of the seal portion 11b in the main body portion 11 of the housing 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 15A in the shaft 15, two oil seals 34 and 35 are sealed in the axial direction. These are arranged side by side, thereby preventing outside dust and the like from entering the bearing holding portion 11a, and at the same time, in cooperation with the cover member 20, the sealing degree of the sensor chamber 21 is increased, It has excellent water resistance.

以上のように構成されたポテンショメータにあっては、シャフト１５の太径部１５Ａにおける基部が回転角度を検出する被測定部位に連結される。そして、被測定部位の回転と共にシャフト１５が回転することにより、シャフト１５の先端のマグネット１９も回転して磁界の変化を生じ、マグネット１９に正対するセンサＩＣ２４がこの磁界の変化を検出し、シャフト１５の回転角度に応じた出力信号が得られる。   In the potentiometer configured as described above, the base portion of the large-diameter portion 15A of the shaft 15 is connected to the measurement site for detecting the rotation angle. Then, when the shaft 15 rotates together with the rotation of the part to be measured, the magnet 19 at the tip of the shaft 15 also rotates to cause a change in the magnetic field, and the sensor IC 24 facing the magnet 19 detects the change in the magnetic field. An output signal corresponding to 15 rotation angles is obtained.

上記実施例１によるポテンショメータでは、シャフト１５の先端部に設けたマグネット１９に対して軸方向に対向するようセンサＩＣ２４を配置する構成であるため、マグネットの回りにセンサを配置する従来のものに比べ装置が大径化することがなく、しかも、マグネット１９をシャフト１５の先端部に埋め込むため、装置全体の小型化が容易に実現できる効果がある。また、ハウジング１０と共にセンサ室２１を構成するカバー部材２０のほぼ全面に回路基板２３を取り付け、この一面にセンサＩＣ２４や各種回路構成部品を実装するため、回路基板２３のための特別なスペースを準備する必要が無く、装置を大型化する心配がない。   In the potentiometer according to the first embodiment, since the sensor IC 24 is disposed so as to face the magnet 19 provided at the tip of the shaft 15 in the axial direction, compared with the conventional one in which the sensor is disposed around the magnet. Since the diameter of the apparatus does not increase and the magnet 19 is embedded in the tip of the shaft 15, the entire apparatus can be easily downsized. A circuit board 23 is attached to almost the entire surface of the cover member 20 constituting the sensor chamber 21 together with the housing 10, and a special space for the circuit board 23 is prepared for mounting the sensor IC 24 and various circuit components on this one surface. There is no need to increase the size of the device.

特に、カバー部材２０に取り付けた回路基板２３を両面印刷基板で構成すると共に、カバー部材２０に凹部２５を形成して回路基板２３に面する予備スペース２６を確保する構造としているため、センサからの出力信号に対する電磁波対策等の機能向上を図る場合にこの予備スペース２６を利用して回路基板２３にオプション回路を追加実装することができ、構造変更を伴わずにオプション対応でき、汎用性が高まるものである。加えて、回路基板２３を両面印刷基板とすることにより、リード線２８との接続箇所をスルーホールとし、その接続信頼性を高めることができる利点がある。   In particular, the circuit board 23 attached to the cover member 20 is constituted by a double-sided printed board, and a recess 25 is formed in the cover member 20 to secure a spare space 26 facing the circuit board 23. When improving functions such as countermeasures against electromagnetic waves with respect to output signals, an optional circuit can be additionally mounted on the circuit board 23 using the spare space 26, and options can be supported without changing the structure, thereby increasing versatility. It is. In addition, by using the circuit board 23 as a double-sided printed board, there is an advantage that the connection location with the lead wire 28 can be a through hole and the connection reliability can be improved.

図４及び図５は、本発明の実施例２による無接触型ポテンショメータを示し、図４はポテンショメータをシャフトの軸線に沿って切断したものを示し、図５はポテンショメータの正面図である。これらの図面において、前記した図１及び図２と同一符号のものは同一若しくは相当するものを示すものとする。   4 and 5 show a non-contact type potentiometer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a potentiometer cut along the axis of the shaft. FIG. 5 is a front view of the potentiometer. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 denote the same or corresponding parts.

ハウジング１０は、本体部１１とフランジ部１２とから構成されているが、実施例１の場合と異なり、フランジ部１２が本体部１１の基部側ではなく、中腹の軸受保持部１１ａの外周に一体に設けられており、本体部１１は実施例１のものよりも大径化されている。シャフト１５は基部側の大径部１５Ａと先端部側の中径部１５Ｂとからなり、中径部１５Ｂが本体部１１の軸受保持部１１ａに配置された一対の軸受１３・１４に支持されている。本体部１１のセンサ部１１ｃ内に導出された中径部１５Ｂの先端部に板ばね１６及びスペーサ１７を介してナット１８を螺合することにより、シャフト１５が本体部１１に対し定圧予圧を付与した状態で回転自在に支持される。シャフト１５の中径部１５Ｂの先端部には円形凹部が同心状に形成され、これに円盤状のマグネット１９が埋め込まれている。   The housing 10 is composed of a main body part 11 and a flange part 12, but unlike the case of the first embodiment, the flange part 12 is not on the base side of the main body part 11 but is integrated with the outer periphery of the middle bearing holding part 11 a. The main body 11 has a larger diameter than that of the first embodiment. The shaft 15 includes a base-side large-diameter portion 15A and a distal-end-side medium-diameter portion 15B, and the medium-diameter portion 15B is supported by a pair of bearings 13 and 14 disposed in the bearing holding portion 11a of the main body portion 11. Yes. The shaft 15 gives a constant pressure preload to the main body part 11 by screwing a nut 18 through a leaf spring 16 and a spacer 17 to the tip part of the medium diameter part 15B led into the sensor part 11c of the main body part 11. In this state, it is supported rotatably. A circular concave portion is formed concentrically at the tip of the medium diameter portion 15B of the shaft 15, and a disc-shaped magnet 19 is embedded in the circular concave portion.

ハウジング１０の本体部１１におけるセンサ部１１ｃには、その先端開口を閉塞するようカバー部材２０が装着され、センサ部１１ｃ内に密閉されたセンサ室２１が形成されている。カバー部材２０のセンサ室２１側には、シャフト１５に直交するかたちでカバー部材２０のほぼ全域に渡って円形の回路基板２３が装着されており、この回路基板２３において、マグネット１９に対向する位置である中央部にセンサＩＣ２４が実装されると共に、その周囲にセンサＩＣ２４からの信号に対する処理回路を構成する各種電子部品が実装されている。さらに、カバー部材２６における回路基板２３との対向位置の一部（中央部）には凹部２５が設けられ、回路基板２３との間で部品実装予備スペース２６が形成されている。   A cover member 20 is attached to the sensor part 11c in the main body part 11 of the housing 10 so as to close the opening at the tip, and a sensor chamber 21 sealed in the sensor part 11c is formed. On the sensor chamber 21 side of the cover member 20, a circular circuit board 23 is mounted over almost the entire area of the cover member 20 so as to be orthogonal to the shaft 15, and the position facing the magnet 19 in the circuit board 23. The sensor IC 24 is mounted in the central portion, and various electronic components constituting a processing circuit for signals from the sensor IC 24 are mounted around the sensor IC 24. Further, a concave portion 25 is provided in a part (center portion) of the cover member 26 facing the circuit board 23, and a component mounting preliminary space 26 is formed between the cover member 26 and the circuit board 23.

ここで、実施例２の回路基板２３にあっては、センサＩＣ２４に対する処理回路が２系統存在し、シャフト１５の回転角度に応じた角度信号が２系統出力できるようになっている。そして、図５に見られるように、カバー部材２０の上部には回路基板２３に通じる案内孔が２箇所設けられ、それぞれの案内孔に３本ずつのリード線２８を通して回路基板２３に接続することにより、２系統の出力信号を外部に取り出せるようにしている。２箇所の案内孔は何れもシール材で充填される。カバー部材２０より導出された２系統の計６本のリード線２８は、本体部１１及びフランジ部１２に形設した溝に沿って引き出され、途中、ねじ止めされた押さえ板３３で結束されて、外部に案内されている。   Here, in the circuit board 23 of the second embodiment, there are two processing circuits for the sensor IC 24 so that two angle signals corresponding to the rotation angle of the shaft 15 can be output. As shown in FIG. 5, two guide holes leading to the circuit board 23 are provided in the upper part of the cover member 20, and each guide hole is connected to the circuit board 23 through three lead wires 28. Thus, two output signals can be taken out. Both of the two guide holes are filled with a sealing material. A total of six lead wires 28 of two systems led out from the cover member 20 are drawn out along grooves formed in the main body 11 and the flange 12 and are bound by a press plate 33 that is screwed in the middle. , Guided outside.

さらに、ハウジング１０の本体部１１におけるシール部１１ｂの内周面と、シャフト１５における太径部１５Ａの外周面との間には、この両者間をシールするオイルシール３４が配置されており、外部からの塵埃等が軸受保持部１１ａ内に侵入することを防止すると同時に、カバー部材２０と協働してセンサ室２１の密閉度を高め、防塵・防水性に優れたものとしている。   Further, an oil seal 34 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the seal portion 11b in the main body portion 11 of the housing 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 15A in the shaft 15 to seal between the two. In addition to preventing dust and the like from entering the bearing holding portion 11a, the sensor chamber 21 is enhanced in cooperation with the cover member 20 and is excellent in dustproof and waterproof properties.

この実施例２においても、上記実施例１の場合と同様、シャフト１５の先端部に設けたマグネット１９に対して軸方向に対向するようセンサＩＣ２４を配置するため、マグネットの回りにセンサを配置する従来のものに比べ装置が大径化することがなく、また、ハウジング１０と共にセンサ室２１を構成するカバー部材２０のほぼ全面に回路基板２３を取り付け、この一面にセンサＩＣ２４や各種回路構成部品を実装するため、回路基板２３のための特別なスペースを準備する必要が無く、装置を大型化する心配がない。特に、カバー部材２０に取り付けた回路基板２３を両面印刷基板で構成すると共に、カバー部材２０に形成した凹部２５を利用して回路基板２３に面する予備スペース２６を確保するため、センサからの２系統のうちの一方又は両方の出力信号に対する電磁波対策等の機能向上を図る場合にこの予備スペース２６を利用することができ、構造変更を伴わずにオプション対応でき、汎用性が高まる。   Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, since the sensor IC 24 is disposed so as to face the magnet 19 provided at the tip of the shaft 15 in the axial direction, the sensor is disposed around the magnet. Compared to the conventional device, the apparatus does not have a large diameter, and the circuit board 23 is attached to almost the entire surface of the cover member 20 constituting the sensor chamber 21 together with the housing 10, and the sensor IC 24 and various circuit components are mounted on this surface. Since it is mounted, it is not necessary to prepare a special space for the circuit board 23, and there is no fear of increasing the size of the apparatus. In particular, the circuit board 23 attached to the cover member 20 is constituted by a double-sided printed board, and the spare space 26 facing the circuit board 23 is secured by using the recess 25 formed in the cover member 20. The spare space 26 can be used when improving functions such as countermeasures against electromagnetic waves with respect to one or both output signals of the system, so that options can be accommodated without changing the structure, and versatility is enhanced.

図６に示すものは、本発明の実施例３による無接触型ポテンショメータをシャフトの軸線に沿って切断したものであり、前記と同一符号のものは同一若しくは相当するものを示すものとする。   FIG. 6 shows a non-contact type potentiometer according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention cut along the axis of the shaft, and the same reference numerals as those shown above denote the same or corresponding ones.

この実施例３に示すものは、実施例１や実施例２のものに比べ、より大型化したポテンショメータを示し、ハウジング１０の本体部１１におけるセンサ部１１ｃの外周側にフランジ部１２を一体に設ける構成になっている。さらに、このセンサ部１１ｃの内周側にカバー部材２６全体を内包できるようにすると共に、軸受保持部１１ａの側面にカバー部材２６の端面を当接させてこの両者間にセンサ室２１を形成するようになっている。実施例１及び実施例２の場合、カバー部材２０はハウジング１０の本体部１１に軽圧入と接着により固定していたが、この実施例３のものでは、カバー部材２６を本体部１１にボルト止めにて固定している。この場合、軸受保持部１１ａの側面におけるカバー部材２６との接合位置には、凹溝３６が軸心を中心とした同一円周上に環状に形成され、これにＯリングを嵌め込んだ上でカバー部材２６を取り付けることにより、両者の接合箇所がシールされ、センサ室２１の密閉度を高める構造となっている。   The third embodiment shows a potentiometer having a larger size than those of the first and second embodiments, and the flange portion 12 is integrally provided on the outer peripheral side of the sensor portion 11c in the main body portion 11 of the housing 10. It is configured. Further, the entire cover member 26 can be included on the inner peripheral side of the sensor portion 11c, and the end surface of the cover member 26 is brought into contact with the side surface of the bearing holding portion 11a to form the sensor chamber 21 therebetween. It is like that. In the case of the first and second embodiments, the cover member 20 is fixed to the main body 11 of the housing 10 by light press-fitting and adhesion. In this third embodiment, the cover member 26 is bolted to the main body 11. It is fixed with. In this case, a concave groove 36 is formed in an annular shape on the same circumference centering on the shaft center at the joint position with the cover member 26 on the side surface of the bearing holding portion 11a, and an O-ring is fitted into this. By attaching the cover member 26, the joint location between the two is sealed, and the sealing degree of the sensor chamber 21 is increased.

この実施例３のものにおいても、実施例１や実施例２のものと同様、センサ室２１に臨んだシャフト１５の先端部にマグネット１９を埋め込んでおり、また、カバー部材２６に取り付けた両面印刷基板の回路基板２３におけるセンサ室２１側の面に、マグネット１９との対向位置にセンサＩＣ２４を配置し、その回りに処理回路を構成する各種部品を実装している。加えて、カバー部材２６における回路基板２３側に凹部２５を形成して回路基板２３と共に部品実装予備スペース２６を設けている。   In the third embodiment as well, as in the first and second embodiments, the magnet 19 is embedded in the tip of the shaft 15 facing the sensor chamber 21, and the double-sided printing attached to the cover member 26. A sensor IC 24 is disposed on a surface of the circuit board 23 of the substrate facing the sensor chamber 21 at a position facing the magnet 19, and various components constituting a processing circuit are mounted around the sensor IC 24. In addition, a recess 25 is formed on the circuit board 23 side of the cover member 26, and a component mounting spare space 26 is provided together with the circuit board 23.

以上、本発明の実施例につき説明したが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。   Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

本発明による無接触型ポテンショメータは、電気機器や産業機器等に組み込まれて回転位置検出に利用され、特に、センサ室の密閉性を確保し得ることから、防塵・防水が要求される作業環境の不利な屋外等における利用にも適用できるものである。   The contactless potentiometer according to the present invention is incorporated in electrical equipment, industrial equipment, etc., and is used for rotational position detection. It can also be applied to disadvantageous outdoor use.

１０ ハウジング
１３・１４ 軸受
１５ シャフト
１９ マグネット
２０ カバー部材
２１ センサ室
２３ 回路基板
２４ センサＩＣ
２５ 凹部
２６ 部品実装予備スペース
２８ リード線
２９ シール部材
３４・３５ オイルシール
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Housing 13 * 14 Bearing 15 Shaft 19 Magnet 20 Cover member 21 Sensor chamber 23 Circuit board 24 Sensor IC
25 Recessed part 26 Component mounting spare space 28 Lead wire 29 Seal member 34/35 Oil seal

Claims (8)

シャフトと一体に回転するマグネットを有し、該マグネットの回転に伴う磁界の変化から前記シャフトの回転角度を検出する無接触型ポテンショメータであって、
先端部に前記マグネットを保持した前記シャフトを軸受を介して回転自在に支持するハウジングと、
該ハウジングに対し前記シャフトの先端側から取り付けられ前記ハウジングとの間で前記シャフトの先端部が臨む密閉のセンサ室を形成するカバー部材と、
該カバー部材の前記センサ室側に前記シャフトに直交するかたちで装着され該センサ室側の面において前記マグネットに対向して磁気式角度検出用のセンサＩＣが実装される回路基板と、
前記カバー部材における前記回路基板との対向位置の一部に凹設され該回路基板とにより部品実装予備スペースを形成する凹部と、を備えることを特徴とする無接触型ポテンショメータ。 A non-contact potentiometer that has a magnet that rotates integrally with a shaft, and that detects a rotation angle of the shaft from a change in magnetic field accompanying rotation of the magnet;
A housing that rotatably supports the shaft holding the magnet at a tip portion via a bearing;
A cover member that is attached to the housing from the front end side of the shaft and forms a sealed sensor chamber facing the front end portion of the shaft with the housing;
A circuit board mounted on the sensor chamber side of the cover member so as to be orthogonal to the shaft, and mounted with a sensor IC for magnetic angle detection on the surface of the sensor chamber facing the magnet;
A non-contact type potentiometer, comprising: a concave portion formed in a part of the cover member at a position facing the circuit board and forming a component mounting preliminary space with the circuit board. 前記カバー部材には外部からのリード線を前記回路基板に案内するための開口が形成され、該開口には、前記リード線の前記回路基板への接続後に、シール部材が充填されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   An opening for guiding an external lead wire to the circuit board is formed in the cover member, and the opening is filled with a seal member after the lead wire is connected to the circuit board. The contactless potentiometer according to claim 1. 前記シャフトの先端部には、先端に開口する円形凹部が同心に設けられ、前記マグネットは前記円形凹部の内径にほぼ等しい外径を有する円盤状に形成され、該マグネットが前記円形凹部に埋め込まれている請求項１に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   A circular recess opening at the tip is concentrically provided at the tip of the shaft, the magnet is formed in a disk shape having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the circular recess, and the magnet is embedded in the circular recess. The contactless potentiometer according to claim 1. 前記マグネットは、２つの異なる磁極をそれぞれ半円状に形成してなる請求項３に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   The contactless potentiometer according to claim 3, wherein the magnet is formed by forming two different magnetic poles in a semicircular shape. 前記回路基板上のセンサＩＣは前記回転軸の軸心の延長線上に配置されている請求項３又は４に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   The non-contact type potentiometer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the sensor IC on the circuit board is disposed on an extension line of the axis of the rotation shaft. 前記回路基板における前記センサ室側の面には、前記センサＩＣと共に、該センサＩＣで得られた信号を角度信号として出力するための出力処理回路を構成する各種電子部品の一部又は全部が実装されている請求項１に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   On the surface of the circuit board on the sensor chamber side, together with the sensor IC, a part or all of various electronic components constituting an output processing circuit for outputting a signal obtained by the sensor IC as an angle signal is mounted. The contactless potentiometer according to claim 1. 前記回路基板は両面印刷基板からなり、該回路基板における前記部品実装予備スペースの位置にも部品が実装される請求項１に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   The contactless potentiometer according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is a double-sided printed board, and a component is mounted at a position of the component mounting preliminary space on the circuit board. 前記シャフトにおける前記軸受より基部側の周面と前記ハウジングとの間には、シール手段が介在されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の無接触型ポテンショメータ。   The contactless potentiometer according to claim 1, wherein sealing means is interposed between a peripheral surface of the shaft on the base side of the bearing and the housing.
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