JP2014009500A - Outside heat insulation fire resistant structure of outer wall - Google Patents

Outside heat insulation fire resistant structure of outer wall Download PDF

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JP2014009500A
JP2014009500A JP2012146616A JP2012146616A JP2014009500A JP 2014009500 A JP2014009500 A JP 2014009500A JP 2012146616 A JP2012146616 A JP 2012146616A JP 2012146616 A JP2012146616 A JP 2012146616A JP 2014009500 A JP2014009500 A JP 2014009500A
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wall
heat insulating
insulating material
heat insulation
fireproof structure
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Takahiro Hebiishi
貴宏 蛇石
Mariko Seki
真理子 関
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Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outside heat insulation fire resistant structure of an outer wall, capable of easily acquiring excellent heat insulation performance at an ordinary time and excellent fire resistance performance in a case of fire without making a heat insulation material thicker to increase the weight of the outer wall and without increasing the number of surface materials.SOLUTION: An outside heat insulation fire resistant structure 10 provided on an outer wall 11 of a wooden building and having both of heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance comprises: a structural face material 13 mounted on the outdoor side of outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, 12c forming a structural skeleton 12 of the outer wall 11; an easily combustible heat insulation material 14 closely mounted on the outdoor side of the structural face material 13; a hardly combustible inorganic heat insulation material 15 closely mounted on the outdoor side of the easily combustible heat insulation material 14; and a jacket material 16 mounted on the outdoor side of the hardly combustible inorganic heat insulation material 15. An interior material 19 is mounted on the indoor side of the outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, 12c.

Description

本発明は、木造建築物の外壁に設けられた外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造に関する。   The present invention relates to an outer wall heat insulating fireproof structure of an outer wall provided on an outer wall of a wooden building.

近年、木造住宅建築物等の木造建築物では、建物の外壁に、相当の断熱性能を付与することに加えて、建物の外部から内部への火炎の侵入を効果的に防止できるようにするために、耐火性能を付与することが望まれている。   In recent years, wooden buildings such as wooden houses have been designed to effectively prevent the intrusion of flames from the outside to the inside of the building, in addition to providing a considerable heat insulating performance to the outer wall of the building. In addition, it is desired to provide fire resistance.

従来の木造建築物の外壁では、例えば在来の軸組み工法や２×４による枠組み壁工法のいずれにおいても、外壁の厚さを抑えるために、一般的に、断熱材を、外壁の骨組みを形成する構造部材による構造躯体の内部に充填する、充填断熱によって断熱性能が付与されるようになっているが、充填断熱による断熱構造では、構造躯体に熱が溜まりやすくかつ逃げ難くなることから、外壁に耐火性能を確保するためには、断熱材が充填された構造躯体の外側を過大に被覆する必要があり、また断熱材自体の断熱性能は、火災時に外部からの熱の流入を抑制するための部材としては十分に活かされていないと考えられる。   In the conventional outer wall of a wooden building, for example, in both the conventional frame construction method and the 2 × 4 frame wall construction method, in general, in order to suppress the thickness of the outer wall, a heat insulating material and a framework of the outer wall are used. Filling the inside of the structural housing by the structural member to be formed, heat insulation performance is provided by filling heat insulation, but in the heat insulation structure by filling heat insulation, heat is easily accumulated in the structural housing and difficult to escape, In order to ensure fire resistance on the outer wall, it is necessary to cover the outside of the structural enclosure filled with heat insulating material excessively, and the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material itself suppresses the inflow of heat from the outside in the event of a fire It is thought that it is not fully utilized as a member for this purpose.

一方、外壁の構造躯体の内部に断熱材を充填して断熱性能を付与する充填断熱に換えて、構造躯体を構成する外壁構造部材の外側に断熱材を取り付けて構成される、外張り断熱による断熱構造が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。また、特許文献１の外張り断熱による断熱構造では、構造部材の外側に取り付けられる断熱材として、ケイ酸カルシウム板等の難可燃性無機系断熱材を使用することにより、この難可燃性無機系断熱材によって、耐火性能が得られるようになっている。   On the other hand, instead of filling heat insulation that provides heat insulation performance by filling the inside of the structural housing of the outer wall with a heat insulating material, it is configured by attaching a heat insulating material to the outside of the outer wall structural member constituting the structural housing. A heat insulating structure has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Moreover, in the heat insulation structure by the external heat insulation of patent document 1, this flame retardant inorganic type | system | group is used by using a flame retardant inorganic type heat insulating material, such as a calcium silicate board, as a heat insulating material attached to the outer side of a structural member. Insulation can provide fireproof performance.

特開２０１０−２４８８３４号公報JP 2010-248834 A

しかしながら、外張り断熱による断熱構造を形成する断熱材として、難可燃性無機系断熱材を用いた場合、この難可燃性無機系断熱材は、例えば発泡プラスチック系断熱材等の易可燃性断熱材と比較して、断熱性能に劣るため、所望の断熱性能を得るためには、断熱材の厚さを厚くする必要を生じて、外壁の重量が重くなったり、面材の数が多くなって、施工性が劣ることになる。   However, when a flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material is used as a heat insulating material that forms a heat insulating structure by external heat insulation, the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material is, for example, a flammable heat insulating material such as a foamed plastic heat insulating material. Inferior heat insulation performance compared to the above, in order to obtain the desired heat insulation performance, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the heat insulating material, the weight of the outer wall becomes heavy, the number of face materials increases The workability will be inferior.

また、外張り断熱による断熱構造の場合、外壁の厚さを抑えて次世代省エネ基準を満たすようにするためには、断熱性能に優れた、発泡プラスチック系断熱材等の易可燃性断熱材を使用する必要があるが、易可燃性断熱材を、外張り断熱による断熱構造の断熱材として単純に使用すると、火災時に、断熱材の燃焼に伴って構造躯体への受熱量が増加することや、燃焼による断熱材の剥落・焼失によって断熱層が欠損して、断熱性能を維持できなくなることなどによって、所望の耐火性能を確保することが困難になる。   In addition, in the case of a thermal insulation structure with external insulation, in order to meet the next-generation energy saving standards by reducing the thickness of the outer wall, a flammable thermal insulation material such as a foamed plastic thermal insulation material with excellent thermal insulation performance is used. Although it is necessary to use flammable heat insulating material as a heat insulating material with a heat insulating structure by external heat insulation, the amount of heat received by the structural body increases in the event of a fire, It becomes difficult to ensure desired fire resistance because, for example, the heat insulating layer is lost due to peeling or burning of the heat insulating material due to combustion and the heat insulating performance cannot be maintained.

本発明は、断熱材の厚さを厚くして、外壁の重量を重くしたり、面材の数を多くすることなく、平時における優れた断熱性能と、火災時における優れた耐火性能とを容易に得ることのできる木造建築物における外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention makes it easy to achieve excellent heat insulation performance during normal times and excellent fire resistance performance during a fire without increasing the thickness of the heat insulating material and increasing the weight of the outer wall or increasing the number of face materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat insulating and fireproof structure for an outer wall of a wooden building that can be obtained.

本発明は、木造建築物の外壁に設けられた外張り断熱耐火構造であって、外壁の構造躯体を形成する外壁構造部材の屋外側に取り付けられた構造用面材と、該構造用面材の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた易可燃性断熱材と、該易可燃性断熱材の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた難可燃性無機系断熱材と、該難可燃性無機系断熱材の屋外側に取り付けられた外装材とを含んで構成される外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造を提供することにより、上記目的を達成したものである。   The present invention relates to an external heat insulating and fireproof structure provided on an outer wall of a wooden building, the structural face material attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall structural member forming the structural body of the outer wall, and the structural face material A flammable heat insulating material attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface, a flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the flammable heat insulating material, and the flame retardant property The above object is achieved by providing an outer wall heat insulating fireproof structure of an outer wall including an exterior material attached to the outdoor side of an inorganic heat insulating material.

そして、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、前記易可燃性断熱材が、フェノールフォーム等の発泡プラスチック系断熱材であることが好ましい。   And according to the external heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall of this invention, it is preferable that the said combustible heat insulating material is foamed plastic type heat insulating materials, such as a phenol foam.

また、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、前記発泡プラスチック系断熱材の表裏の面を覆って、アルミ箔が取り付けられていることが好ましい。   Moreover, according to the outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall of this invention, it is preferable that the aluminum foil is attached so that the front and back surface of the said foamed plastic-type heat insulating material may be covered.

さらに、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、難可燃性無機系断熱材が、けい酸カルシウム板又はせっこうボードであることが好ましい。   Further, according to the outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure of the outer wall of the present invention, the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material is preferably a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum board.

さらにまた、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、前記外装材が、胴縁材による通気層を挟んで設けられた、モルタル又はサイディングによる外装材となっているが好ましい。   Furthermore, according to the outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure of the outer wall of the present invention, it is preferable that the exterior material is an exterior material made of mortar or siding provided with a ventilation layer made of a trunk edge material interposed therebetween.

また、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、前記胴縁材が、金属製の胴縁材となっていることが好ましい。   Moreover, according to the outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall of this invention, it is preferable that the said trunk | drum material is a metal trunk | drum material.

さらに、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、前記外壁構造部材の屋内側に、強化せっこうボードによる内装材が取り付けられていることが好ましい。   Further, according to the outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure of the outer wall of the present invention, it is preferable that an interior material made of a reinforced gypsum board is attached to the indoor side of the outer wall structural member.

さらにまた、本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、前記内装材が、下張り強化せっこうボード及び上張り強化せっこうボードを、それぞれの目地が重ならないように２枚張りしたものとなっていることが好ましい。   Furthermore, according to the outer wall heat insulation and fireproof structure of the outer wall of the present invention, the interior material is formed by stretching two sheets of a lower reinforced gypsum board and an upper reinforced gypsum board so that their joints do not overlap each other. It is preferable that

本発明の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造によれば、木造建築物において、断熱材の厚さを厚くして、外壁の重量を重くしたり、面材の数を多くすることなく、平時における優れた断熱性能と、火災時における優れた耐火性能とを容易に得ることができる。   According to the outer wall heat insulating fireproof structure of the outer wall of the present invention, in a wooden building, the thickness of the heat insulating material is increased, the weight of the outer wall is increased, and the number of face materials is increased, so that it is excellent during normal times. Insulation performance and excellent fire resistance during a fire can be easily obtained.

（ａ）は本発明の好ましい一実施形態に係る外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造の構成を説明する部分破断正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａに沿った縦断面図である。(A) is the partially broken front view explaining the structure of the outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure which concerns on preferable one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view along AA of (a). 本発明の好ましい一実施形態に係る外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造の構成を説明する、図１（ａ）のＢ−Ｂに沿った拡大横断面図である。It is an expanded cross-sectional view along BB of FIG. 1 (a) explaining the structure of the external heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall which concerns on preferable one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の好ましい他の実施形態に係る外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造の構成を説明する横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view explaining the structure of the outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure which concerns on other preferable embodiment of this invention.

図１（ａ）、（ｂ）に示す本発明の好ましい一実施形態に係る外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造１０は、木造建築物として、例えば枠組み壁工法による木造住宅建築物の外壁１１を構成しており、平時における優れた断熱性能と、火災時における優れた耐火性能とを効果的に付与できるようにするものである。また、本実施形態の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造１０は、断熱性及び耐火性を兼ね備えるように形成される外壁１１の軽量化や、壁厚の抑制や、施工コストの低減を、効果的に図ることができるうにするものである。   1 (a) and 1 (b), an outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention constitutes an outer wall 11 of a wooden house building by a frame wall construction method, for example, as a wooden building. Therefore, it is possible to effectively impart excellent heat insulation performance during normal times and excellent fire resistance performance during fires. In addition, the outer wall heat insulation and fireproof structure 10 of the outer wall of the present embodiment effectively reduces the weight of the outer wall 11 formed so as to have both heat insulation and fire resistance, suppresses the wall thickness, and reduces the construction cost. It is something that can be planned.

そして、本実施形態の外張り断熱耐火構造１０は、木造建築物の外壁１１に設けられた、断熱性及び耐火性を兼ね備えるように形成された断熱耐火構造であって、外壁１１の構造躯体１２を形成する外壁構造部材１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃの屋外側に取り付けられた構造用面材１３と、この構造用面材１３の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた易可燃性断熱材１４と、この易可燃性断熱材１４の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた難可燃性無機系断熱材１５と、この難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の屋外側に取り付けられた外装材１６とを含んで構成されている。   And the external heat insulation fireproof structure 10 of this embodiment is the heat insulation fireproof structure formed in the outer wall 11 of a wooden building so that it might have heat insulation and fire resistance, Comprising: The structural housing 12 of the outer wall 11 A structural surface member 13 attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, and 12c forming the outer surface, and a flammable heat insulating material 14 attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the structural surface member 13; The flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material 15 attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the flammable heat insulating material 14, and the exterior material 16 attached to the outdoor side of the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material 15; It is comprised including.

また、本実施形態では、外壁１１の構造躯体１２を形成する外壁構造部材１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃの屋内側に、内装材１９が取り付けられている。   Moreover, in this embodiment, the interior material 19 is attached to the indoor side of the outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, and 12c that form the structural housing 12 of the outer wall 11.

本実施形態では、外壁１１は、好ましくは２×４による枠組み壁工法によって形成された耐力壁となっており、外壁１１の骨組みである構造躯体１２は、下枠１２ａ、縦枠（スタッド）１２ｂ、及び上枠（頭つなぎ）１２ｃを、主要な外壁構造部材として構成されている。   In the present embodiment, the outer wall 11 is preferably a load-bearing wall formed by a 2 × 4 frame wall construction method, and the structural housing 12 that is a framework of the outer wall 11 includes a lower frame 12a and a vertical frame (stud) 12b. The upper frame (head connection) 12c is configured as a main outer wall structural member.

また、本実施形態では、外壁構造部材１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃの屋外側に取り付けられる構造用面材１３は、例えば厚さが９ｍｍ程度の構造用合板からなり、好ましくは裏面を外壁構造部材１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃに密着させた状態で、例えば４５５ｍｍのピッチで配置された縦枠１２ｂや、下枠１２ａや上枠１２ｃに対して、例えば外周部分は１００ｍｍピッチで、中間部分は２００ｍｍピッチで釘止めされることにより、耐力面材として取り付けられる。   Moreover, in this embodiment, the structural face material 13 attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, and 12c is made of, for example, a structural plywood having a thickness of about 9 mm, and preferably the rear surface is the outer wall structural member 12a, For example, the outer peripheral portion is nailed at a pitch of 100 mm and the intermediate portion at a pitch of 200 mm with respect to the vertical frame 12b and the lower frame 12a and the upper frame 12c arranged at a pitch of 455 mm, for example, in close contact with 12b and 12c. By doing so, it is attached as a load bearing surface material.

構造用面材１３の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられる易可燃性断熱材１４は、軽量で且つ断熱性能に優れたものとして、好ましくはフェノールフォーム等の発泡プラスチック系断熱材を用いることができる。発泡プラスチック系断熱材としては、フェノール樹脂を発砲硬化させて形成されるフェノールフォームの他、例えばポリスチレンフォーム、ウレタンフォーム、ポリエチレンフォーム等を用いることができる。易可燃性断熱材１４は、厚さが例えば１０〜５０ｍｍ程度の板状に形成して用いることが好ましい。   The flammable heat insulating material 14 attached in close contact with the outdoor surface of the structural surface material 13 is preferably lightweight and excellent in heat insulating performance, and preferably uses a foamed plastic heat insulating material such as phenol foam. it can. As the foamed plastic heat insulating material, for example, a polystyrene foam, a urethane foam, a polyethylene foam, or the like can be used in addition to a phenol foam formed by foaming and curing a phenol resin. The flammable heat insulating material 14 is preferably formed and used in a plate shape with a thickness of about 10 to 50 mm, for example.

易可燃性断熱材１４の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられる難可燃性無機系断熱材１５は、易可燃性断熱材１４よりも断熱性能は劣るが、耐火性能に優れたものとして、好ましくはケイ酸カルシウム板又はせっこうボードを用いることができる。難可燃性無機系断熱材１５としては、ケイ酸カルシウム板やせっこうボードの他、例えばスラグせっこう板等を用いることもできる。難可燃性無機系断熱材１５は、厚さが９〜７５ｍｍ程度の板状に形成して用いることが好ましい。   The flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the flammable heat insulating material 14 is inferior in heat insulating performance to the flammable heat insulating material 14, but preferably has excellent fire resistance performance. Can use a calcium silicate board or a gypsum board. As the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15, for example, a slag gypsum board can be used in addition to a calcium silicate board or a gypsum board. It is preferable that the nonflammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 is formed and used in a plate shape having a thickness of about 9 to 75 mm.

本実施形態では、易可燃性断熱材１４として例えば厚さが２５ｍｍのフェノールフォームを用いると共に、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５として例えば厚さが４０ｍｍのケイ酸カルシウム板を用いて、これらを重ね合わせた状態で、例えば４５５ｍｍのピッチで配置された縦枠１２ｂや、下枠１２ａや上枠１２ｃに向けて、例えば外周部分は１５０ｍｍピッチで、中間部分は３００ｍｍピッチでビスを打ち込むことにより、構造用面材１３と難可燃性無機系断熱材１５との間に挟みこむようにして、易可燃性断熱材１４を、構造用面材１３及び難可燃性無機系断熱材１５に密着させた状態で取り付ける。   In the present embodiment, for example, a phenol foam having a thickness of 25 mm is used as the flammable heat insulating material 14, and a calcium silicate plate having a thickness of 40 mm is used as the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15, for example. In the combined state, for example, the outer peripheral part is driven at 150 mm pitch and the middle part is driven at 300 mm pitch toward the vertical frame 12b arranged at a pitch of 455 mm, the lower frame 12a, and the upper frame 12c. The flammable heat insulating material 14 is attached in a state of being in close contact with the structural surface material 13 and the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 so as to be sandwiched between the surface material 13 and the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15. .

易可燃性断熱材１４が、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５に密着した状態で取り付けられていることにより、易可燃性断熱材１４と、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５との間に隙間が生じることで、空気が易可燃性断熱材１４の表面に供給され易くなって、火災時に、断熱性能には優れるが可燃性の高い材料である易可燃性断熱材１４が、急激に燃焼して、構造躯体１２の受熱量が増えることになるのを効果的に抑制することが可能になる。また、燃焼中や燃焼した後においても、易可燃性断熱材１４が剥落したり焼失したりするのを効果的に抑制して、火災時においても、易可燃性断熱材１４による断熱性能を引き続き維持して、外部からの熱の流入を抑制すことが可能になる。さらに、易可燃性断熱材１４が、構造用面材１３に密着した状態で取り付けられていることにより、火災時に、易可燃性断熱材１４が加熱されて曲折変形することで、ビスによって固定された部分から離れた中間部分で、構造用面材１３との間に隙間が生じ易くなるのを効果的に抑制して、構造用面材１３の表面に熱が流入するのを効果的に回避することが可能になる。   By attaching the flammable heat insulating material 14 in close contact with the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15, there is a gap between the flammable heat insulating material 14 and the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15. As a result, air becomes easy to be supplied to the surface of the flammable heat insulating material 14, and the flammable heat insulating material 14 that is excellent in heat insulating performance but is highly flammable burns rapidly in a fire. It is possible to effectively suppress an increase in the amount of heat received by the structural housing 12. In addition, even during or after combustion, the flammable heat insulating material 14 is effectively prevented from being peeled off or burned off, and the heat insulating performance by the flammable heat insulating material 14 is continued even in the event of a fire. It is possible to maintain and suppress the inflow of heat from the outside. Furthermore, by attaching the flammable heat insulating material 14 in close contact with the structural face material 13, the flammable heat insulating material 14 is heated and deformed in a fire to be fixed by screws. This effectively suppresses the formation of a gap between the structural face material 13 at the intermediate portion away from the exposed portion and effectively prevents heat from flowing into the surface of the structural face material 13. It becomes possible to do.

また、本実施形態では、易可燃性断熱材１４として、発泡プラスチック系断熱材の表裏の面を覆ってアルミ箔が取り付けられているものを使用することが好ましい。表裏の両面を覆って発泡プラスチック系断熱材にアルミ箔が取り付けられている易可燃性断熱材１４を用いることにより、易可燃性断熱材１４の表面から可燃性ガスが噴出するのを抑制して、断熱材１４の表面での急激な燃焼を防ぐことが可能になる。また、易可燃性断熱材１４の炭化、収縮に伴う断熱材１４の剥落や焼失が抑制され、加熱中及び加熱後の断熱材１４の維持が可能になる。   Moreover, in this embodiment, it is preferable to use what the aluminum foil is attached as the combustible heat insulating material 14 so that the front and back surfaces of a foamed plastic type heat insulating material may be covered. By using the flammable heat insulating material 14 that covers both the front and back surfaces and the aluminum foil is attached to the foamed plastic heat insulating material, the surface of the flammable heat insulating material 14 is prevented from being ejected. It becomes possible to prevent rapid combustion on the surface of the heat insulating material 14. Moreover, peeling and burning of the heat insulating material 14 accompanying carbonization and shrinkage of the flammable heat insulating material 14 are suppressed, and the heat insulating material 14 can be maintained during and after heating.

さらに、本実施形態では、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５として、両面又は片面に防水紙を張り付けたものを用いることが好ましい。難可燃性無機系断熱材１５として、両面又は片面に防水紙を張り付けたものを用いることにより、吸水しやすく、欠けやすい材料である難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の取り扱いが容易になって、施工性を向上させることが可能になる。   Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable to use a flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 in which waterproof paper is attached to both sides or one side. As the nonflammable inorganic heat insulating material 15, by using a paper with a waterproof paper pasted on both sides or one side, it becomes easy to absorb water and easily handle the nonflammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 that is easily chipped. Workability can be improved.

本実施形態では、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の屋外側に取り付けられた外装材１６は、好ましくは胴縁材１７による通気層１８を挟んで設けられた、モルタル又はサイディングによる外装材となっている。ここで、モルタル又はサイディングによる外装材１６は、公知の方法と同様の施工方法によって、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の屋外側に容易に設置することができる。すなわち、例えば難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の表面に、アスファルトフェルト等からなる防水紙３０を取り付けてから、例えば厚さが１２〜１８ｍｍ程度の胴縁材１７を、構造躯体１２の縦枠１２ｂに沿わせるようにして、例えば４５５ｍｍのピッチで取り付ける。しかる後に、胴縁材１７を介在させ、隙間を保持して通気層１８を形成した状態で、当該胴縁材１７に支持させて、モルタルやサイディングを例えば１２〜２０ｍｍの厚さで設置されるように施工する。これによって、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の屋外側に、外装材１６を容易に取り付けることができる。   In this embodiment, the exterior material 16 attached to the outdoor side of the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 is preferably an exterior material made of mortar or siding provided with a ventilation layer 18 formed of a trunk edge material 17 interposed therebetween. ing. Here, the exterior material 16 by mortar or siding can be easily installed on the outdoor side of the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 by a construction method similar to a known method. That is, for example, after the waterproof paper 30 made of asphalt felt or the like is attached to the surface of the flame-retardant inorganic heat insulating material 15, the trunk edge member 17 having a thickness of about 12 to 18 mm is attached to the vertical frame 12b of the structural housing 12, for example. For example, with a pitch of 455 mm. After that, the rim and the siding are installed in a thickness of, for example, 12 to 20 mm with the trunk rim material 17 interposed and supported by the trunk rim material 17 in a state in which the air gap layer 18 is formed while maintaining the gap. Install as follows. Thereby, the exterior material 16 can be easily attached to the outdoor side of the incombustible inorganic heat insulating material 15.

ここで、本実施形態では、胴縁材１７として、鋼製の胴縁材等の、金属製の胴縁材を用いることが好ましい。胴縁材１７が、金属製の胴縁材となっていることにより、通気層１８の内部での燃焼が抑制されて、構造躯体１２の受熱量が増加するのを効果的に防ぐことが可能になる。   Here, in this embodiment, it is preferable to use a metal trunk edge material such as a steel trunk edge material as the trunk edge material 17. Since the body edge material 17 is a metal body edge material, combustion inside the ventilation layer 18 is suppressed, and it is possible to effectively prevent an increase in the amount of heat received by the structural housing 12. become.

また、本実施形態では、外壁１１の構造躯体１２を形成する外壁構造部材１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃの屋内側に取り付けられる内装材１９として、例えば強化せっこうボードによる内装材１９が、公知の方法と同様の施工方法によって設けられている。強化せっこうボードによる内装材１９は、本実施形態では、好ましくは、例えば厚さが２１ｍｍの下張り強化せっこうボード１９ａと、厚さが２１ｍｍの上張り強化せっこうボード１９ｂとを、それぞれの目地が重ならないように２枚張りしたものや、例えば厚さが１５ｍｍの下張り強化せっこうボード１９ａと、厚さが２１ｍｍの上張り強化せっこうボード１９ｂとを、それぞれの目地が重ならないように２枚張りしたものとなっている。内装材１９が、下張り強化せっこうボード１９ａと上張り強化せっこうボード１９ｂとを、それぞれの目地が重ならないように２枚張りしたものとなっていることにより、下張り強化せっこうボード１９ａの目地が上張り強化せっこうボード１９ｂで覆われることになって、目地の開きによる熱の流入を効果的に抑制することが可能になる。   Moreover, in this embodiment, as the interior material 19 attached to the indoor side of the outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, and 12c forming the structural housing 12 of the outer wall 11, for example, the interior material 19 using a reinforced gypsum board is a known method. It is provided by the same construction method. In the present embodiment, the interior material 19 made of a reinforced gypsum board preferably has, for example, a lower reinforced gypsum board 19a having a thickness of 21 mm and an upper reinforced gypsum board 19b having a thickness of 21 mm. 2 sheets so that they do not overlap, for example, a 15 mm thick reinforced plaster board 19 a and a 21 mm thick reinforced plaster board 19 b so that their joints do not overlap. It is a piece of paper. The interior material 19 is composed of two reinforced gypsum board 19a and upper reinforced gypsum board 19b so that the joints do not overlap each other. Is covered with the upper reinforcing gypsum board 19b, and it becomes possible to effectively suppress the inflow of heat due to the opening of the joint.

そして、上述の構成を備える本実施形態の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造１０によれば、断熱材の厚さを厚くして、外壁の重量を重くしたり、面材の数を多くすることなく、平時における優れた断熱性能と、火災時における優れた耐火性能とを容易に得ることが可能になる。   And according to the outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure 10 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the thickness of the heat insulating material is increased without increasing the weight of the outer wall or increasing the number of face materials. It is possible to easily obtain excellent heat insulation performance during normal times and excellent fire resistance during fires.

すなわち、本実施形態によれば、外張り断熱耐火構造１０は、外壁構造部材１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃの屋外側に取り付けられた構造用面材１３と、構造用面材１３の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた易可燃性断熱材１４と、易可燃性断熱材１４の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた難可燃性無機系断熱材１５と、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５の屋外側に取り付けられた外装材１６とを含んで構成されているので、難可燃性無機系断熱材１５を厚くしないことで不足する平時における断熱性能を、これの内側に密着配置された、軽量で断熱性能に優れる易可燃性断熱材１４によって効果的に補うことで、断熱材の厚さを厚くして、外壁の重量を重くしたり、面材の数を多くすることなく、易可燃性断熱材１４と難可燃性無機系断熱材１５との２層構造によって優れた断熱性能を発揮する外張り断熱層を、安価に、且つビス等によって止め付けるだけの簡易な方法によって、容易に設置することが可能になる。   That is, according to the present embodiment, the outer heat insulating fireproof structure 10 is provided on the outer surface of the outer wall structural members 12a, 12b, and 12c. The flammable heat insulating material 14 attached in close contact, the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material 15 attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the flammable heat insulating material 14, and the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material 15 Since it is configured to include the exterior material 16 attached to the outdoor side, the thermal insulation performance during normal times that is insufficient by not thickening the flame retardant inorganic thermal insulation material 15 is closely arranged inside this, By making up effectively with the flammable heat insulating material 14 that is lightweight and has excellent heat insulation performance, the heat insulating material is increased in thickness, without increasing the weight of the outer wall or increasing the number of face materials. Heat-insulating material 14 and flame-retardant inorganic heat-insulating material 15 The outer clad insulation layer exhibits excellent heat insulation performance by the two-layer structure, low cost, and by a simple method of only applying stopped by screws or the like, it is possible to easily installed.

また、火災時には、燃え難い材料である難可燃性無機系断熱材１５によって、屋外から易可燃性断熱材１４に炎が伝わることにより易可燃性断熱材１４が燃焼するのを効果的に抑制すると共に、易可燃性断熱材１４が構造用面材１３及び難可燃性無機系断熱材１５と密着していることで、易可燃性断熱材１４に空気が供給され難くして、易可燃性断熱材１４が燃焼するのをさらに効果的に抑制し、さらに易可燃性断熱材１４と難可燃性無機系断熱材１５との２層構造を保持することで、これらの断熱性能により屋外から熱が流入するのを効果的に抑制することによって、優れた耐火性能を発揮することが可能になる。   In addition, in the event of a fire, the flame flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15 which is a material that is difficult to burn effectively suppresses the combustion of the flammable heat insulating material 14 by the flame being transmitted from the outside to the flammable heat insulating material 14. In addition, since the flammable heat insulating material 14 is in close contact with the structural face material 13 and the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15, it is difficult to supply air to the flammable heat insulating material 14, and the flammable heat insulating material 14 By suppressing the burning of the material 14 more effectively and further maintaining the two-layer structure of the flammable heat insulating material 14 and the flammable inorganic heat insulating material 15, heat can be generated from the outside by these heat insulating performances. By effectively suppressing the inflow, excellent fire resistance performance can be exhibited.

図３は、本発明の好ましい他の実施形態に係る外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造２０を例示するものである。本他の実施形態に係る外張り断熱耐火構造２０は、例えば在来の軸組み工法による木造住宅建築物の外壁２１に採用されたものであり、上記実施形態の外張り断熱耐火構造１０と略同様に、外壁２１の構造躯体２２を形成する柱２２ａや間柱２２ｂ等の外壁構造部材の屋外側に、例えば厚さが９ｍｍ程度の構造用合板からなる構造用面材２３が取り付けられており、この構造用面材２３の屋外側の面に密着して、例えば厚さが２５ｍｍのフェノールフォームからなる易可燃性断熱材２４が取り付けられている。また、この易可燃性断熱材２４の屋外側の面に密着して、例えば厚さが４０ｍｍの紙付きケイ酸カルシウム板からなる難可燃性無機系断熱材２５が取り付けられおり、難可燃性無機系断熱材２５の外側には、胴縁材２７による通気層２８を挟んで、例えば厚さが１５ｍｍ以上のモルタルやサイディングからなる外装材２６が取り付けられている。さらに、外壁構造部材２２ａ，２２ｂの屋内側には、例えば厚さが２１ｍｍの下張り強化せっこうボード２９ａと、厚さが２１ｍｍの上張り強化せっこうボード２９ｂとを２枚張りした内装材２９や、例えば厚さが１５ｍｍの下張り強化せっこうボード２９ａと、厚さが２１ｍｍの上張り強化せっこうボード２９ｂとを２枚張りした内装材２９が取り付けられている。   FIG. 3 illustrates an outer wall thermal insulation fireproof structure 20 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The outer heat insulating fireproof structure 20 according to the other embodiment is employed, for example, in the outer wall 21 of a wooden house building by a conventional shaft construction method, and is substantially the same as the outer heat insulating fireproof structure 10 of the above embodiment. Similarly, a structural face material 23 made of a structural plywood having a thickness of about 9 mm, for example, is attached to the outdoor side of an outer wall structural member such as a column 22a or an inter-column 22b that forms the structural housing 22 of the outer wall 21, A flammable heat insulating material 24 made of, for example, phenol foam having a thickness of 25 mm is attached in close contact with the surface on the outdoor side of the structural surface material 23. Further, in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the flammable heat insulating material 24, a flammable inorganic heat insulating material 25 made of, for example, a paper-coated calcium silicate plate having a thickness of 40 mm is attached. An exterior material 26 made of, for example, mortar or siding having a thickness of 15 mm or more is attached to the outside of the system heat insulating material 25 with a ventilation layer 28 formed of a trunk edge material 27 interposed therebetween. Further, on the indoor side of the outer wall structural members 22a and 22b, for example, an interior material 29 in which two sheets of a reinforced plaster board 29a having a thickness of 21 mm and an upper reinforced gypsum board 29b having a thickness of 21 mm are stretched. For example, an interior material 29 in which two sheets of a reinforced plaster board 29a having a thickness of 15 mm and an upper reinforced gypsum board 29b having a thickness of 21 mm are attached is attached.

図３に示す他の実施形態の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造２０によっても、上記実施形態の外張り断熱耐火構造１０と同様の作用効果が奏される。   The outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure 20 of the outer wall according to another embodiment shown in FIG. 3 also provides the same effects as those of the outer heat insulating and fireproof structure 10 of the above embodiment.

なお、図１（ａ）、（ｂ）及び図２に示す上記実施形態の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造１０と同様の仕様の外張り断熱耐火構造について、（財）建材試験センターにおいて品質性能試験（大臣認定試験と同条件の実験）を行ったところ、所定の遮炎性、遮熱性、非損傷性が確保され、構造躯体の炭化も見られず、１時間耐火構造の性能を有することが確認された。   1 (a), (b), and FIG. 2, the outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure 10 having the same specifications as the outer wall heat insulating and fireproof structure 10 of the above embodiment is subjected to a quality performance test at the Building Materials Testing Center. (Experiment under the same conditions as the Minister's certification test), the prescribed flame barrier, thermal barrier, and non-damage properties are ensured, the structure housing is not carbonized, and has a one-hour fireproof structure performance. confirmed.

本発明は上記各実施形態に限定されることなく種々の変更が可能である。例えば、易可燃性断熱材は、表裏の面を覆ってアルミ箔が取り付けられたフェノールフォーム等の発泡プラスチック系断熱材である必要は必ずしもなく、外壁構造部材の屋内側に取り付けられる内装材は、強化せっこうボードである必要は必ずしもない。   The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made. For example, the flammable heat insulating material does not necessarily need to be a foamed plastic-based heat insulating material such as phenol foam in which aluminum foil is attached to cover the front and back surfaces, and the interior material attached to the indoor side of the outer wall structural member is It does not necessarily have to be a reinforced gypsum board.

１０，２０ 外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造
１１，２１ 外壁
１２，２２ 構造躯体
１２ａ 下枠（外壁構造部材）
１２ｂ 縦枠（外壁構造部材）
１２ｃ 上枠（外壁構造部材）
１３，２３ 構造用面材
１４，２４ 易可燃性断熱材
１５，２５ 難可燃性無機系断熱材
１６，２６ 外装材
１７，２７ 胴縁材
１８，２８ 通気層
１９，２９ 内装材
１９ａ，２９ａ 下張り強化せっこうボード
１９ｂ，２９ｂ 上張り強化せっこうボード
２２ａ 柱（外壁構造部材）
２２ｂ 間柱（外壁構造部材） 10, 20 Outer wall outer heat insulation fireproof structure 11, 21 Outer wall 12, 22 Structural housing 12a Lower frame (outer wall structural member)
12b Vertical frame (outer wall structural member)
12c Upper frame (outer wall structural member)
13, 23 Structural face material 14, 24 Flammable heat insulating material 15, 25 Flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material 16, 26 Exterior material 17, 27 Body edge material 18, 28 Vent layer 19, 29 Interior material 19a, 29a Underlay Reinforced gypsum board 19b, 29b Upper reinforcement gypsum board 22a Column (outer wall structural member)
22b stud (outer wall structural member)

Claims (8)

木造建築物の外壁に設けられた外張り断熱耐火構造であって、
外壁の構造躯体を形成する外壁構造部材の屋外側に取り付けられた構造用面材と、該構造用面材の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた易可燃性断熱材と、該易可燃性断熱材の屋外側の面に密着して取り付けられた難可燃性無機系断熱材と、該難可燃性無機系断熱材の屋外側に取り付けられた外装材とを含んで構成される外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 It is an external heat insulating fireproof structure provided on the outer wall of a wooden building,
A structural face member attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall structural member forming the structural housing of the outer wall, a flammable heat insulating material attached in close contact with the outdoor side surface of the structural face member, and the flammable material A flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material attached in close contact with the outdoor surface of the flammable heat insulating material, and an exterior material attached to the outdoor side of the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material. Outer heat insulation fireproof structure. 前記易可燃性断熱材が、フェノールフォーム等の発泡プラスチック系断熱材である請求項１記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall according to claim 1, wherein the flammable heat insulating material is a foamed plastic heat insulating material such as phenol foam. 前記発泡プラスチック系断熱材の表裏の面を覆って、アルミ箔が取り付けられている請求項２記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall of Claim 2 which covers the surface of the said back surface of the said plastic foam type heat insulating material, and the aluminum foil is attached. 前記難可燃性無機系断熱材が、けい酸カルシウム板又はせっこうボードである請求項１〜３のいずれか１項記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flame retardant inorganic heat insulating material is a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum board. 前記外装材が、胴縁材による通気層を挟んで設けられた、モルタル又はサイディングによる外装材となっている請求項１〜４のいずれか１項記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The exterior heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the exterior material is an exterior material made of mortar or siding provided with a ventilation layer made of a trunk edge material interposed therebetween. 前記胴縁材が、金属製の胴縁材となっている請求項５記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The outer wall heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall according to claim 5, wherein the body edge material is a metal body edge material. 前記外壁構造部材の屋内側に、強化せっこうボードによる内装材が取り付けられている請求項１〜６のいずれか１項記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The exterior heat insulation fireproof structure of the outer wall of any one of Claims 1-6 by which the interior material by the reinforced gypsum board is attached to the indoor side of the said outer wall structural member. 前記内装材が、下張り強化せっこうボード及び上張り強化せっこうボードを２枚張りしたものとなっている請求項７記載の外壁の外張り断熱耐火構造。 The exterior heat insulating fireproof structure for an outer wall according to claim 7, wherein the interior material is formed by stretching two sheets of a reinforced gypsum board and a reinforced gypsum board.
JP2012146616A 2012-06-29 2012-06-29 Outside heat insulation fire resistant structure of outer wall Pending JP2014009500A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105971188A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-09-28 沈阳建筑大学 Modular heat preservation and sound insulation bearing wood wallboard and construction method of I-shaped wall

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817355A (en) * 1986-06-13 1989-04-04 Metsec Plc Wall construction
JPH07317168A (en) * 1994-05-23 1995-12-05 Ig Tech Res Inc External facing structure
JP2002322745A (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-11-08 Sanwa Kensetsu:Kk Building panel, throating implement fixture, and external heat insulating method
JP2007032194A (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd Exterior wall structural body
JPWO2010058588A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2012-04-19 新日本製鐵株式会社 Refractory insulation walls and building structures

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817355A (en) * 1986-06-13 1989-04-04 Metsec Plc Wall construction
JPH07317168A (en) * 1994-05-23 1995-12-05 Ig Tech Res Inc External facing structure
JP2002322745A (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-11-08 Sanwa Kensetsu:Kk Building panel, throating implement fixture, and external heat insulating method
JP2007032194A (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd Exterior wall structural body
JPWO2010058588A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2012-04-19 新日本製鐵株式会社 Refractory insulation walls and building structures

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105971188A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-09-28 沈阳建筑大学 Modular heat preservation and sound insulation bearing wood wallboard and construction method of I-shaped wall

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