JP2013519495A - ニューロン回路の電流を変更する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】 このような方法は、脳内のニューロン回路を含む生物学的メカニズムを有する精神、神経、及び神経内分泌異常の調査、治療、及び診断に適用可能である。集束超音波のパルスの適用は通常、被験者が着用したキャップに収容された複数の超音波トランスデューサを介する。様々なトーンバースト継続時間、合計音波処理継続時間、及びパルス繰り返し周波数の設定でFUPを適用すると、ニューロン活性の増大又は低下を誘発する結果となる。
【選択図】図1
Description
[0001] 本出願は、2007年8月27日出願の「Methods for Modifying Electrical Currents in Neuronal Circuits」と題した米国特許出願第11/895,687号の一部継続出願であり、これは2002年4月30日出願の米国特許出願第10/135,137号で現在の米国特許第7,283,861号の一部継続出願である。
[0037]
[0038]受信したMR信号の位相も下式で決定することができる。
[0039]
[0053]
Claims (20)
- 超音波システムで被験者のニューロン活性を変更する方法であって、
a)集束超音波のパルスを受ける前記被験者内の位置を識別するステップと、
b)前記超音波システムで前記識別位置へと集束超音波のパルスを適用するステップとを含み、集束超音波の各パルスが2〜100ミリ秒(ms)の範囲のトーンバースト継続時間(TBD)を有して、ニューロン活性を増大させるために、約2秒未満の継続時間を有する音波処理期間中に適用され、集束超音波の各パルスが約2ms未満のTBSを有して、ニューロン活性を低下させるために、約2秒を超える継続時間を有する音波処理期間中に適用される、方法。 - 前記集束超音波のパルスは、ステップb)にて、ニューロン活性を更に低下させるために、100〜1000ヘルツ(Hz)の範囲の選択されたパルス繰り返し周波数(PRF)で適用され、ニューロン活性を更に増大させるために、約100Hz未満の選択PRFで適用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 音波処理期間が約2秒を超える継続時間を有する場合に、100〜1000Hzの範囲の選択PRFで前記集束超音波のパルスを適用すると、ニューロン活性の増大を誘発し、その後にニューロン活性抑制の期間がある、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記集束超音波のパルスは、ステップb)にて、1平方センチメートル当たり10〜350ワット(W/cm2)の範囲の音響インテンシティで適用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ステップa)が、
a)i)磁気共鳴画像(MRI)システムで、前記被験者から像データを取得し、
a)ii)前記取得した像データから前記被験者の像を復元し、
a)iii)前記復元した像を使用して前記被験者の前記位置を識別すること、
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - c)ステップb)を実行している間に、撮像システムで前記被験者の像を取得し、前記取得像は、前記適用された集束超音波のパルスによって誘発された前記変更ニューロン活性を示すものであり、
d)医薬品を前記被験者に投与し、
e)前記適用された集束超音波のパルスによって誘発され、前記投与された医薬品に応答して変性したニューロン活性を示す像を取得するために、ステップb)及びc)を繰り返すこと
を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記医薬品の有効性を評価するために、ステップe)で取得した前記像をステップc)で取得した前記像と比較することを更に含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記被験者内の前記識別位置は、灰白質と白質のうち少なくとも1つを含むように選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- c)ステップb)を実行している間に、撮像システムで、前記適用した集束超音波のパルスによって誘発された前記変更ニューロン活性を示すものである前記取得像を取得し、
d)前記被験者の前記取得像を使用して、前記適用された集束超音波のパルスのパラメータを調整し、
e)前記適用された集束超音波のパルスの前記調整されたパラメータを使用して、ステップb)を繰り返すこと
を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記集束超音波のパルスの前記調整されたパラメータは、前記TBD、前記音波処理期間の前記継続時間、前記集束超音波のパルスが適用されるパルス繰り返し周波数、音響インテンシティ、超音波周波数、焦点深さ及び焦点直径のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- c)ステップb)を実行している間に、撮像システムで前記被験者の像を取得し、前記取得像が前記適用された集束超音波のパルスによって誘発された前記変更ニューロン活性を示すものであり、
d)前記集束超音波のパルスの繰り返し適用によってニューロン回路が有意に変更されるほど十分な長さの期間にわたって、ステップa)〜c)を繰り返し実行すること、
を更に含み、
精神、神経、及び神経内分泌異常のうち少なくとも1つを治療するように、前記ニューロン回路が変更され、ステップc)で取得した前記像を使用して前記変更ニューロン回路が評価される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 超音波システムで被験者のニューロン活性を変更する方法であって、
a)集束超音波のパルスを受信するべき前記被験者内の位置を識別するステップと、
b)前記超音波システムで前記識別位置へと、ニューロン活性を低下させるために100〜1000ヘルツ(Hz)の範囲で選択されたパルス繰り返し周波数(PRF)にて、及びニューロン活性を増大させるために約100Hz未満で選択されたPRFにて集束超音波のパルスを適用するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - ステップb)で適用される集束超音波の各パルスの継続時間が、ニューロン活性を更に増大させるために2〜100ミリ秒(ms)の範囲で選択されたトーンバースト継続時間(TBD)、及びニューロン活性を更に低下させるために2ms未満で選択されたTBDを有する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップb)で適用された集束超音波のパルスの前記継続時間は、ニューロン活性を更に増大させるために約2秒未満で選択された合計音波処理継続時間(TSD)、及びニューロン活性を更に低下させるために約2秒を超える選択TSDを有する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 約2秒を超えるTSDの場合に100〜1000Hzの範囲の選択PRFで前記集束超音波のパルスを適用すると、ニューロン活性の増大を誘発し、その後にニューロン活性抑制の期間がある、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記集束超音波のパルスは、ステップb)にて、1平方センチメートル当たり10〜350ワット(W/cm2)の範囲の音響インテンシティで適用される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 磁気共鳴画像(MRI)システム及び超音波システムで磁気共鳴誘導集束超音波(MRgFUS)治療計画を調整する方法であって、
a)前記MRIシステム内で被験者を位置決めするステップと、
b)治療を受けるべき前記被験者内の位置を識別するステップと、
c)前記識別位置にてニューロン活性を変更するために、前記超音波システムで前記識別位置に集束超音波のパルスを適用するステップと、
d)前記MRIシステムで、及びステップc)と実質的に同時に、前記被験者から機能像データを取得するステップと、
e)前記機能像データを使用して、前記変更されたニューロン活性を示すものである前記被験者の一連の機能像を復元するステップと、
f)前記復元した一連の機能像を使用して、前記MRgFUS治療計画のパラメータを調整するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - ステップb)は、
b)i)前記MRIシステムで、前記被験者から像データを取得し、
b)ii)前記取得した像データから前記被験者の像を復元し、
b)iii)前記復元した像を使用して前記被験者の前記位置を識別すること、を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。 - ステップb)が、
b)i)前記超音波システムで、前記被験者の像を取得し、
b)ii)前記取得した像を使用して前記被験者の前記位置を識別すること、を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。 - 前記MRgFUS治療計画の前記パラメータは、集束超音波を適用する音響インテンシティ、集束超音波の周波数、焦点深さ、及び焦点直径のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
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US20170164894A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
WO2011103098A2 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
EP2536331A2 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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