JP2013249625A - Surface protection construction method - Google Patents

Surface protection construction method Download PDF

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JP2013249625A
JP2013249625A JP2012124695A JP2012124695A JP2013249625A JP 2013249625 A JP2013249625 A JP 2013249625A JP 2012124695 A JP2012124695 A JP 2012124695A JP 2012124695 A JP2012124695 A JP 2012124695A JP 2013249625 A JP2013249625 A JP 2013249625A
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frame
earthwork
surface protection
construction method
slope
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JP5309409B1 (en
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Shunsuke Shimada
俊介 島田
Tomoji Ichikawa
智史 市川
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Kyokado Engineering Co Ltd
Kyokado KK
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Kyokado KK
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface protection construction method which can be applied even to a steep slope face and which can properly prevent soil from flowing out.SOLUTION: In a surface protection construction method, a frame body 1 for earth work, in which a plurality of strip-shaped base materials are partially joined together to form a plurality of polygonal cells 1a when extended, is laid in an extended state; and subsequently, a soil dressing material is charged into the polygonal cells 1a of the frame body 1 for the earth work. A material, in which lightweight aggregate or lapilli is or are consolidated by cement or lime, is used as the soil dressing material.

Description

本発明は表面保護工法に関し、詳しくは、法面からの土壌の流出防止、および、建造物の屋上等の緑化などに用いられる表面保護工法に関する。   The present invention relates to a surface protection method, and more particularly, to a surface protection method used for preventing soil from flowing out from a slope and for greening a building rooftop or the like.

切土法面や盛土法面の土壌の流出を防止するための法面の保護技術については、従来、種々提案されてきている。例えば、特許文献1には、所定間隔で枠材を支承する係止部が形成されているベルト状の固定部材を法面上に所定の横幅間隔で付設してアンカーでその法面に固定し、ついで多角形のセルが連続的に形成されている枠材を上記付設した固定部材の各係止部にその枠材の各セルの頂部で掛け止めるようにして敷設し、ついでこの敷設した枠材の各セル内に土壌を充填し、要すれば植生を施すようにした法面保護方法が開示されている。   Various methods for protecting the slope to prevent the outflow of soil on the cut slope and the fill slope have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a belt-like fixing member on which a locking portion for supporting a frame material at a predetermined interval is formed is attached to a slope with a predetermined lateral width, and is fixed to the slope with an anchor. Next, a frame material in which polygonal cells are continuously formed is laid so as to be hooked at the top of each cell of the frame material on each locking portion of the fixing member provided above, and then this laid frame A slope protection method is disclosed in which soil is filled in each cell of wood and, if necessary, vegetation is applied.

また、歩道等の舗装に用いられる材料に関しても、従来より種々の改良技術が提案されてきており、例えば、特許文献2には、本発明は火山礫を粗骨材とし、川砂を細骨材としてコンクリートを打設し、その表面を洗い出し、火山礫による凸凹面を形成させる技術が開示されており、特許文献3には、火山礫、セメント、水の混合物からなる舗装材が開示されている。   Further, various improved techniques have been proposed for materials used for pavements such as sidewalks. For example, in Patent Document 2, the present invention uses volcanic gravel as coarse aggregate and river sand as fine aggregate. As a concrete, a technique is disclosed in which concrete is cast and the surface is washed out to form an uneven surface by volcanic gravel. Patent Document 3 discloses a paving material made of a mixture of volcanic gravel, cement, and water. .

特公平3−19326号公報(特許請求の範囲等)Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-19326 (Claims etc.) 特開平9−228303号公報(特許請求の範囲等)JP-A-9-228303 (Claims etc.) 特開2010−90530号公報(特許請求の範囲等)JP 2010-90530 A (claims, etc.)

しかしながら、特許文献1に開示されているような従来の法面保護技術は、緩い傾斜角の法面については良好な土壌の流出防止効果が得られるものの、傾斜角が30°以上の急斜面では、枠材が滑動しやすく客土材が流下しやすいなどの問題があり、実質的に適用が困難となっていた。また、既設地山で用いると、地山と客土材との境界面における摩擦抵抗が十分にないことから、雨水により浸食されやすく、セメントの固結では凍結融解作用により境界面が剥離するなどの問題があり、適用は困難であった。よって、従来の手法では適用しにくい急傾斜の法面についても適用可能であって、良好に土壌の流出防止を図ることができる技術の確立が望まれている。   However, the conventional slope protection technology as disclosed in Patent Document 1 provides a good soil outflow prevention effect for slopes with a gentle slope, but on steep slopes with a slope of 30 ° or more, There is a problem that the frame material is easy to slide and the customer soil material is easy to flow down, and it has been substantially difficult to apply. In addition, when used on existing ground, there is not enough frictional resistance at the boundary between the natural ground and the guest soil material, so it is easily eroded by rainwater, and the cemented surface is separated by freezing and thawing. It was difficult to apply. Therefore, it is applicable to steep slopes that are difficult to apply by conventional methods, and establishment of a technique that can favorably prevent soil runoff is desired.

そこで本発明の目的は、上記問題を解消して、急勾配の斜面でも適用可能であり、良好に土壌の流出防止を図ることができる表面保護工法を提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a surface protection method that solves the above-described problems and can be applied even on steep slopes and can satisfactorily prevent the outflow of soil.

本発明者らは鋭意検討した結果、法面等の表面に、複数個の多角形のセルを有する土工事用枠体を敷設するとともに、このセル内に、軽量で透水性があり、かつ粘着性のある客土材を用いることにより、上記課題を解決できることを見出して、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have laid an earthwork frame having a plurality of polygonal cells on the surface such as a slope, and the cell is lightweight, water-permeable, and adhesive. The present invention has been completed by finding that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using a characteristic soil material.

ここで、客土材のこぼれ出しまたは滑動の防止に関しては、以下の式を用いることができる。すなわち、図5に示すように、客土材の粘着力をc、客土材の内部摩擦角をφ、すべり土塊の重量をW、すべり土塊内の水の重量をu、法面の傾斜角度をθ、すべり面と水平面との角度をθ、すべり長をlとすれば、客土材のこぼれ出しに対しては、以下の式より安全率Fを計算することができる。

Figure 2013249625
一辺20cm、高さ10cm、法面に沿う長さ10mのハニカム(六角形)状の土工事用枠体において、法面の傾斜角度が30°以上になると、滑動力が摩擦抵抗力より大きくなり、滑動が生ずる。しかし、粘着力20kNが付与された客土材では、傾斜角度60°まで耐え得るものとなる。また、式中の土質定数や傾斜角度を変えることにより、土工事用枠体の設計長を求めることができる。 Here, the following formula can be used for prevention of spillage or sliding of the guest soil material. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the adhesion strength of the soil material is c, the internal friction angle of the soil material is φ, the weight of the sliding soil mass is W 1 , the weight of the water in the sliding soil mass is u 1 , If the inclination angle is θ, the angle between the slip surface and the horizontal plane is θ 1 , and the slip length is l, the safety factor F 1 can be calculated from the following equation for the spillage of the guest soil material.
Figure 2013249625
In a honeycomb (hexagonal) earthwork frame with a side of 20 cm, a height of 10 cm, and a length of 10 m along the slope, if the slope of the slope becomes 30 ° or more, the sliding force becomes greater than the frictional resistance. Sliding occurs. However, the customer soil material to which the adhesive strength of 20 kN is applied can withstand an inclination angle of 60 °. Moreover, the design length of the frame for earthwork can be calculated | required by changing the soil constant and inclination | tilt angle in a type | formula.

また、図6に示すように、土工事用枠体のセルの幅をb、土工事用枠体の高さをh、法面長をL、法面の傾斜角度をθ、土の単位体積重量をγ、土の内部摩擦角をφとすれば、客土材の滑動に対しては、以下の式より安全率Fを計算することができる。

Figure 2013249625
As shown in FIG. 6, the cell width of the earthwork frame is b, the height of the earthwork frame is h, the slope length is L, the slope angle is θ, and the soil unit volume If the weight is γ and the internal friction angle of the soil is φ, the safety factor F 2 can be calculated from the following equation for sliding of the soil material.
Figure 2013249625

ここで、土工事用枠体のセルをセメント等で固結すれば、粘着力を付与することができるが、この場合、凍結融解により境界面が剥離するおそれがある。これに対し、本発明者らは、客土材として、粗骨材として軽量骨材または火山礫を使用し、細骨材にセメントまたは石灰を使用した材料を用いることで、粗骨材が水を吸収するために大きな被害を生ずることなく、細骨材が粘着力を有することから滑動防止の効果を得られ、結果として安定した法面が形成されることを見出したものである。   Here, if the cells of the frame for earthwork are consolidated with cement or the like, an adhesive force can be imparted, but in this case, the boundary surface may be peeled off by freezing and thawing. On the other hand, the present inventors use light aggregates or volcanic gravel as coarse aggregates, and use a material using cement or lime as fine aggregates. It has been found that the effect of preventing sliding is obtained because the fine aggregate has an adhesive force without causing a great damage to absorb slag, and as a result, a stable slope is formed.

また、本発明においては、前記土工事用枠体の敷設領域の幅方向両端近傍に、地盤に対し固定される固定部材を設置して、該土工事用枠体と該固定部材とを、結合部材を用いて連結することによって、土工事用枠体のたわみを抑えることができる。この固定部材および結合部材は、土工事用枠体の長さが設計長より短い場合には、高さ方向の中央付近に設置することで、枠体の滑動を抑えることができる。また、この固定部材および結合部材は、高さ方向の下端近傍に設置することで、上下の枠体同士を結合することができる。   Further, in the present invention, a fixing member fixed to the ground is installed in the vicinity of both ends in the width direction of the laying region of the earthwork frame, and the earthwork frame and the fixing member are coupled. By connecting with the members, the bending of the frame for earthwork can be suppressed. When the length of the earthwork frame is shorter than the design length, the fixing member and the coupling member can be prevented from sliding by being installed near the center in the height direction. Further, the fixing member and the coupling member can be coupled to the upper and lower frames by being installed near the lower end in the height direction.

さらに、本発明においては、客土材と固定部材によって土工事用枠体の滑動防止を抑えることにより、従来方法で用いる留め杭の本数を大幅に減らすことができる。さらにまた、本発明は、従来方法では困難であったモルタル吹付け面への適用や、建造物の屋上または屋根への適用も可能である。さらにまた、本発明においては、前記客土材の投入後に、該客土材上に、ネットを設置するとともに種子の吹付けを行うことが好ましい。さらにまた、前記土工事用枠体を透水性材料からなるものとして、その端部に給水可能な装置を設置すれば、前記土工事用枠体に水が供給されることにより、客土材内の植生に水が行き届くものとなるので、水を撒く必要がなく、管理が容易となる。   Furthermore, in the present invention, the number of retaining piles used in the conventional method can be significantly reduced by suppressing the sliding prevention of the earthwork frame by the guest soil material and the fixing member. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to a mortar spraying surface, which has been difficult with the conventional method, and can also be applied to the roof or roof of a building. Furthermore, in the present invention, it is preferable to install a net and spray seeds on the customer soil material after the customer soil material has been introduced. Furthermore, if the frame for earthwork is made of a water-permeable material and a device capable of supplying water is installed at the end thereof, water is supplied to the frame for earthwork, so that Since the water reaches the vegetation of the plant, it is not necessary to water it and management is easy.

本発明によれば、上記特定の土工事用枠体を、軽量骨材または火山礫からなる材料をセメントまたは石灰等により固結させた客土材と組み合わせて用いるものとしたことで、(1)急傾斜の法面にも適用可能であって、良好に土壌の流出防止を図ることができる表面保護工法を実現することが可能となった。また、本発明によれば、(2)火山礫を用いているために透水性があることから、豪雨時においても水を処理することができる。さらに、本発明によれば、(3)上記固定部材および結合部材を併用することで、土工事用枠体の敷設が容易となって、作業性を向上することができる。さらにまた、本発明の表面保護工法は、(4)客土材の粘着力によって留め杭の本数を減らすことができるため、モルタル吹付け面や建造物の屋上または屋根などにも適用可能である。さらにまた、本発明において、客土材上に種子の吹付けを行えば、土壌流出防止効果をより向上することができるとともに、建造物の屋上等の緑化を図ることも可能である。   According to the present invention, the above-mentioned specific earthwork frame is used in combination with a guest soil material obtained by solidifying a light aggregate or a material made of volcanic gravel with cement or lime. ) It can be applied to steep slopes, and it has become possible to realize a surface protection method that can satisfactorily prevent soil runoff. Further, according to the present invention, (2) water is permeable because of the use of volcanic gravel, so that water can be treated even during heavy rain. Furthermore, according to the present invention, (3) by using the fixing member and the coupling member in combination, it is easy to lay the frame for earthwork and workability can be improved. Furthermore, the surface protection method of the present invention can be applied to (4) mortar spraying surfaces, building rooftops, roofs, and the like because the number of retaining piles can be reduced by the adhesive strength of the guest soil material. . Furthermore, in the present invention, if seeds are sprayed on the guest soil material, the effect of preventing soil outflow can be further improved, and the rooftop of buildings can be greened.

本発明の表面保護工法の一実施形態に係る説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which concerns on one Embodiment of the surface protection construction method of this invention. 本発明の表面保護工法の他の実施形態に係る説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which concerns on other embodiment of the surface protection construction method of this invention. 本発明の表面保護工法のさらに他の実施形態に係る説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which concerns on further another embodiment of the surface protection construction method of this invention. 本発明の表面保護工法のさらに他の実施形態に係る説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which concerns on further another embodiment of the surface protection construction method of this invention. 客土材のこぼれ出しに係る安全率の計算方法に係る説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which concerns on the calculation method of the safety factor which concerns on the spilling out of guest soil material. 客土材の滑動に係る安全率の計算方法に係る説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which concerns on the calculation method of the safety factor which concerns on sliding of a guest soil material.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
図1に、本発明の表面保護工法に係る説明図を示す。本発明の表面保護工法は、切土法面や盛土法面等の法面10などに適用される。図中の(a)は、本発明の表面保護工法を適用した法面の表面を示す模式図であり、(b)は、(a)中のA−A線に沿う模式的断面図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view according to the surface protection method of the present invention. The surface protection method of the present invention is applied to slopes 10 such as cut slopes and bank slopes. (A) in a figure is a schematic diagram which shows the surface of the slope which applied the surface protection construction method of this invention, (b) is typical sectional drawing which follows the AA line in (a). .

本発明の表面保護工法においては、まず、図1(a)に示すような、複数枚の帯状基材が、伸展された際に複数個の多角形のセル1aを形成するように部分的に接合されてなる土工事用枠体1を、図1(b)に示すようにして、適用領域である法面10上に、伸展させて敷設する。その後、土工事用枠体1の多角形のセル1a内に、客土材としての、軽量骨材または火山礫をセメントまたは石灰により固結させてなる材料を投入することにより、法面等の表面の保護を行うものである。   In the surface protection method of the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, a plurality of strip-shaped base materials are partially formed so as to form a plurality of polygonal cells 1a when stretched. As shown in FIG. 1B, the joined earthwork frame 1 is extended and laid on a slope 10 as an application area. After that, by introducing into the polygonal cell 1a of the frame 1 for earthwork, a light aggregate or volcanic gravel consolidated as a guest soil material with cement or lime, the slope, etc. It protects the surface.

本発明においては、セル1a内に投入する客土材として、一般的な土嬢ではなく、軽量骨材または火山礫を含むコンクリートを用いるものとしたことで、セル1a内において客土材に粘着力と透水性が付与されて、結合強度を上昇させることが可能となった。特に、急傾斜の法面では、セル1a内に客土材として土を投入すると、セル形状が崩れて盛土が流下しやすく、安定して法面の保護を行うことができないが、本発明では、急傾斜の法面であっても、セル形状を固定して、盛土の流下をより効果的に抑制することができた。また、火山礫は粒状物質であるため、セル1aからの客土材のこぼれ出しを抑制することもできた。   In the present invention, as the guest soil material to be introduced into the cell 1a, not a general soil girl, but a concrete containing lightweight aggregate or volcanic gravel is used, so that it adheres to the customer soil material in the cell 1a. Strength and water permeability were imparted, and the bond strength could be increased. In particular, in the case of steep slopes, when soil is introduced into the cell 1a as a guest soil material, the cell shape collapses and the embankment tends to flow down, and the slope cannot be protected stably. Even with a steep slope, it was possible to fix the cell shape and suppress the flow of the embankment more effectively. Moreover, since the volcanic gravel is a granular substance, it was possible to suppress spillage of the guest soil material from the cell 1a.

ここで、火山礫を含むコンクリートについて説明する。火山礫は多孔質(ポーラス)であって軽量(単位体積重量12kN/m)であるので、火山礫を骨材として含有するコンクリートは、通常のコンクリートよりも軽量であることに加え、透水性を有するという特性をもつ。よって、火山礫を含むコンクリートは透水性および固結性を有するので、これを用いることで、客土後において、客土の重量により土工事用枠体1が撓んだり崩れたりするのを防止でき、また、雨水は客土材を通して地盤内に浸透することになるので、セル1a内に雨水が溜まることも防止できる。また、本発明の表面保護工法においては、火山礫のこのような特性から、火山礫を骨材として含有するコンクリートを客土材として用いることで、後述するように適用領域において緑化を行うことも容易である。一方で、火山礫を骨材として含有するコンクリートをそのまま法面に適用することは困難であるが、本発明においては、上記土工事用枠体1と組み合わせて適用するものとしたので、火山礫を骨材として含有するコンクリートを法面にも容易に適用できるというメリットもある。さらに、本発明においては、経時により土工事用枠体1が劣化した場合でも、火山礫を骨材として含有するコンクリートが一定のセル形状を保持した状態で表面に固定されているので、盛土の崩れを生ずることがない。 Here, concrete containing volcanic gravel will be described. Since volcanic gravel is porous and lightweight (unit volume weight 12 kN / m 3 ), concrete containing volcanic gravel as an aggregate is lighter than ordinary concrete, and has water permeability. It has the characteristic of having. Therefore, since concrete containing volcanic gravel has water permeability and solidification properties, it can be used to prevent the earthwork frame 1 from being bent or collapsed by the weight of the soil after the soil. Moreover, since rainwater permeates into the ground through the guest soil material, it is also possible to prevent rainwater from accumulating in the cell 1a. Further, in the surface protection method of the present invention, from such characteristics of volcanic gravel, by using concrete containing volcanic gravel as an aggregate as a guest soil material, greening may be performed in the application area as described later. Easy. On the other hand, it is difficult to apply concrete containing volcanic gravel as an aggregate to the slope as it is, but in the present invention, it is applied in combination with the earthwork frame 1 described above. There is also a merit that concrete containing as an aggregate can be easily applied to a slope. Furthermore, in the present invention, even when the earthwork frame 1 is deteriorated over time, the concrete containing volcanic gravel as an aggregate is fixed to the surface while maintaining a certain cell shape. There will be no collapse.

土工事用枠体1は、不織布、または、テープ状のクラフト紙、板紙等の紙類などの基材を、伸展された際に多角形のセルを連続的に形成するように部分的に接合し、不飽和ポリエステルなどの熱硬化性樹脂を塗布または真空含浸させた後、加熱硬化させることにより、作製することができる。かかる土工事用枠体1に要求される引張り強さ、曲げ剛性、セルの寸法および高さなどについては、施工の態様により適宜選定することが可能であるが、例えば、以下の範囲とすることができる。土工事用枠体1の高さ、すなわち、基材の幅は、50〜100mm、セル1aの一辺の長さwは、例えば、図示するような六角形のセルの場合には50〜200mm、一つの土工事用枠体1の、伸展時における幅Wは400〜1500mm、長さLは100〜500mmとすることができ、基材の厚さは、0.1〜2mm程度とすることが、原材料の特性、および、施工時の作業性の観点から、好適である。   The earthwork frame 1 is partially bonded so that a base material such as non-woven fabric or tape-like kraft paper or paperboard is continuously formed to form polygonal cells when stretched. It can be produced by applying or thermo-impregnating a thermosetting resin such as unsaturated polyester, followed by heat curing. The tensile strength, bending rigidity, cell dimensions and height required for the earthwork frame 1 can be appropriately selected according to the construction mode. For example, the following ranges are used. Can do. The height of the earthwork frame 1, that is, the width of the base material is 50 to 100 mm, and the length w of one side of the cell 1a is, for example, 50 to 200 mm in the case of a hexagonal cell as shown in the figure. One earthwork frame 1 may have a width W of 400 to 1500 mm, a length L of 100 to 500 mm, and a base material thickness of about 0.1 to 2 mm. From the viewpoint of the characteristics of raw materials and workability during construction, it is preferable.

また、基材に含浸させる熱硬化性樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等を用いることができる。特に、軽荷重状態で用いるものには、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニルなどの熱可塑性樹脂や、架橋ポリエチレンなども用いることができ、この場合は、土工事用枠体1を、折り畳み可能な大きな可撓性を有するものとすることができる。この際の基材に対する合成樹脂の含浸量としては、土工事用枠体1を法面等に敷設した際に自立できる程度であればよく、使用する基材の厚さ、形成するセルの大きさなどによって異なり、また、含浸させる合成樹脂の性質によっても異なるので、土工事用枠体1の使用目的に応じて適切な剛性および可撓性を与えるように処理することが必要である。なお、土工事用枠体1の透水性についても、樹脂の含浸量により、調整することができる。   In addition, as the thermosetting resin impregnated in the base material, a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used. In particular, a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a crosslinked polyethylene can be used for a light load, and in this case, the earthwork frame 1 can be folded and large. It can have flexibility. The amount of the synthetic resin impregnated with respect to the base material at this time is not limited as long as it can be self-supported when the earthwork frame 1 is laid on a slope or the like, and the thickness of the base material to be used and the size of the cell to be formed Depending on the thickness, and also depending on the properties of the synthetic resin to be impregnated, it is necessary to treat the earthwork frame body 1 so as to give appropriate rigidity and flexibility depending on the purpose of use. The water permeability of the earthwork frame 1 can also be adjusted by the amount of resin impregnation.

セルの形状としては、図示するような六角形には限られず、四角形などであってもよい。特には、六角形のセルを用いると、ハニカム原理により荷重が分散されるので、土砂、積雪等の荷重にも容易に耐えうる耐久性を確保することができ、好ましい。四角形のセルの場合には、例えば、長尺の基材同士の間を、短い連結用基材で連結することで、土工事用枠体を容易に作製することができる。かかる土工事用枠体としては、例えば、セルグリッド(登録商標)を用いることができる。   The shape of the cell is not limited to a hexagon as shown, but may be a quadrangle or the like. In particular, the use of hexagonal cells is preferable because the load is dispersed by the honeycomb principle, so that durability that can easily withstand loads such as earth and sand and snow accumulation can be secured. In the case of a square cell, for example, a frame for earthwork can be easily produced by connecting long substrates with a short connecting substrate. As such a frame for earthwork, for example, Cell Grid (registered trademark) can be used.

火山礫を骨材として含有するコンクリートは、上述したように通常のコンクリートよりも軽量である。火山礫としては、いかなる物を用いてもよく、特に制限はない。例えば、火山礫を粗骨材とし、川砂を細骨材として、普通ポルトランドセメントと一般的な減水剤等の混和剤と水とを混練して調製することができる。   Concrete containing volcanic gravel as aggregate is lighter than normal concrete as described above. Any material can be used as the volcanic gravel, and there is no particular limitation. For example, it can be prepared by kneading ordinary Portland cement, an admixture such as a general water reducing agent, and water with volcanic gravel as coarse aggregate and river sand as fine aggregate.

本発明の表面保護工法においては、まず、図1(a)に示すような、複数枚の帯状基材が、伸展された際に複数個の六角形のセルを形成するように部分的に接合されてなる土工事用枠体1を、図1(b)に示すようにして、適用領域である法面10上に、伸展させて敷設する。具体的には、法面に、使用する土工事用枠体1のセル1aの横方向のピッチに合わせた間隔で、金属または合成樹脂製のアンカー4を打ち込む留め工を行ったのち、土工事用枠体1を、アンカー4にセル1aが係合するように順次掛け止めていく。   In the surface protection method of the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, a plurality of strip-shaped base materials are partially joined so as to form a plurality of hexagonal cells when stretched. The earthwork frame 1 thus constructed is extended and laid on the slope 10 which is the application area, as shown in FIG. More specifically, after the anchoring of driving the metal or synthetic resin anchors 4 at intervals corresponding to the pitch in the lateral direction of the cells 1a of the earthwork frame 1 to be used, the earthwork is performed. The frame 1 is sequentially latched so that the cell 1a is engaged with the anchor 4.

この際、本発明においては、図1に示すように、土工事用枠体1の敷設領域の幅方向両端近傍に、地盤に対し固定される固定部材2a,2bを設置して、土工事用枠体1と固定部材2a,2bとを、結合部材3を用いて連結することが好ましい。この結合部材3は、土工事用枠体1を構成する基材を貫通させて、土工事用枠体1を固定するものである。従来は、土工事用枠体1の上端および幅方向両端に位置するセル1aを、適宜間隔で留め工により地盤に対し固定することのみによって、土工事用枠体1を法面に対し設置していたが、かかる固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3を用いることで、従来と比較して、土工事用枠体1の展張作業を容易に行うことが可能となる。また、この場合も、従来と同様の留め工は併用することが好ましいが、上記固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3を用いることで、留め工の施工箇所を少なくすることができるメリットも得られる。さらに、上記固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3を用いることで、岩盤等の留め工が困難な地域にも、本発明を適用することが可能となる。ここで、固定部材2a,2bとしては、具体的には例えば、木杭等を用いることができ、結合部材3としては、具体的には例えば、金属製のロープ等を用いることができる。   At this time, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, fixing members 2 a and 2 b that are fixed to the ground are installed in the vicinity of both ends in the width direction of the laying region of the frame 1 for earthwork. It is preferable to connect the frame body 1 and the fixing members 2 a and 2 b using the coupling member 3. The coupling member 3 is for fixing the earthwork frame 1 by penetrating the base material constituting the earthwork frame 1. Conventionally, the earthwork frame 1 is installed on the slope only by fixing the cells 1a located at the upper end and both ends in the width direction of the earthwork frame 1 to the ground by fastening at appropriate intervals. However, by using the fixing members 2a and 2b and the coupling member 3, it is possible to easily perform the work of extending the earthwork frame 1 as compared with the conventional case. Also in this case, it is preferable to use the same fastening as in the prior art. However, by using the fixing members 2a and 2b and the coupling member 3, there can be obtained an advantage that the number of construction sites for the fastening can be reduced. . Furthermore, by using the fixing members 2a and 2b and the coupling member 3, the present invention can be applied to an area where it is difficult to fix a rock or the like. Here, specifically, for example, wooden piles or the like can be used as the fixing members 2 a and 2 b, and specifically, a metal rope or the like can be used as the coupling member 3.

本発明において、上記固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3は、図示するように、法面10に敷設された土工事用枠体1の上端近傍に設置することが好ましい。これにより、最も効果的に、土工事用枠体1を法面の地盤に対し固定することができる。   In the present invention, the fixing members 2a and 2b and the coupling member 3 are preferably installed in the vicinity of the upper end of the earthwork frame 1 laid on the slope 10, as shown. As a result, the earthwork frame 1 can be most effectively fixed to the slope ground.

また、本発明において、上記固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3は、図2に示すように、法面10に敷設された土工事用枠体1の高さ方向中央部および/または下端近傍に設置することも好ましい。上記固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3を土工事用枠体1の高さ方向中央部に設置すれば、土工事用枠体全体の形状保持性を高めることができる。一方、隣接する土工事用枠体1,1間は、通常、相接する基材同士をステープルや縫製等により綴じ合わせるか、接着剤で接着する等により、一体に連結することができるが、上記固定部材2a,2bおよび結合部材3を土工事用枠体1の下端近傍に設置すれば、ステープル等を用いることなく、隣接する土工事用枠体1,1間を連結することができる。   Further, in the present invention, the fixing members 2a, 2b and the coupling member 3 are located near the center in the height direction and / or near the lower end of the earthwork frame 1 laid on the slope 10, as shown in FIG. Installation is also preferable. If the fixing members 2a and 2b and the coupling member 3 are installed in the center in the height direction of the earthwork frame 1, the shape retention of the entire earthwork frame can be improved. On the other hand, the adjacent earthwork frames 1 and 1 can be connected integrally by binding the base materials that are in contact with each other by staples or sewing, or by adhering with an adhesive. If the fixing members 2a and 2b and the coupling member 3 are installed in the vicinity of the lower end of the earthwork frame 1, the adjacent earthwork frames 1 and 1 can be connected without using staples or the like.

次いで、法面10の施工目的領域の全面に土工事用枠1体を敷設した後、土工事用枠体1の各セル1a内に、客土材としての、火山礫を含むコンクリートを投入する。火山礫を含むコンクリートをセル1a内に投入した後は、常法に従い締め固めを行い、火山礫を浮き出させて木ゴテで表面を平滑に仕上げた上、表面に市販の超遅延剤を散布して、一夜気中養生する。   Next, after laying one earthwork frame over the entire construction target area of the slope 10, the concrete containing volcanic gravel as a guest soil material is put into each cell 1a of the earthwork frame 1. . After putting concrete containing volcanic gravel into the cell 1a, it is compacted according to the usual method, the volcanic gravel is raised and the surface is smoothed with a wooden trowel, and a commercially available super retarder is sprayed on the surface. Take care overnight.

ここで、本発明においては、上記客土材としての火山礫を含むコンクリートの投入後に、この上にネットを設置するとともに、種子の吹付けを行うことが好ましい。火山礫を含むコンクリートは透水性を有するので、種子を吹き付けることで、土工事用枠体の敷設領域を容易に緑化させることができ、また、植物が生えて根が伸びることで、土壌流出防止効果をより向上することができる。   Here, in the present invention, it is preferable to install a net on the top of the concrete containing volcanic gravel as the guest soil material and spray seeds. Since concrete containing volcanic gravel has water permeability, spraying seeds can easily greenen the laying area of the frame for earthwork, and prevent the soil from flowing out by growing plants and growing roots. The effect can be further improved.

本発明の表面保護工法は、自然法面や切土法面、盛土法面等の法面、特に、従来技術では適用の困難であった、傾斜角が30〜40°の急傾斜の法面に敷設した際に有用である。また、本発明の表面保護工法は、地盤表面のみならず、モルタル吹付け面や、コンクリート壁面、建造物の屋上または屋根などにも適用することが可能であり、土壌の流出防止だけでなく、建造物の屋上等の緑化の目的にも用いることができる。   The surface protection method of the present invention is a natural slope, a cut slope, a bank slope, and the like, in particular, a steep slope with an inclination angle of 30 to 40 °, which is difficult to apply with the prior art. It is useful when laying on. In addition, the surface protection method of the present invention can be applied not only to the ground surface, but also to mortar sprayed surfaces, concrete wall surfaces, rooftops or roofs of buildings, etc. It can also be used for greening purposes such as the rooftops of buildings.

また、本発明においては、図3に示すように、土工事用枠体1として透水性材料からなるものを用いて、土工事用枠体1の端部近傍に給水可能な装置20を設置し、この給水装置20から土工事用枠体1に水を供給するものとすることもできる。これにより、客土材内を緑化した場合には、植生に水が行き届くものとなるので、水を撒く必要がなく、管理が容易となる。さらに、本発明においては、図4に示すように、固定部材および連結部材を用いることなく、土工事用枠体を従来と同様の留め工のみにより固定するものであってもよいことは、いうまでもない。なお、図中の(a)は、本発明の表面保護工法を適用した法面の表面を示す模式図であり、(b)は、(a)中のC−C線に沿う模式的断面図である。   Moreover, in this invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus 20 which can supply water is installed in the vicinity of the edge part of the earthwork frame 1 using what consists of a water-permeable material as the frame 1 for earthwork. The water supply device 20 can also supply water to the earthwork frame 1. As a result, when the inside of the guest soil material is greened, water reaches the vegetation, so that it is not necessary to spray water and management becomes easy. Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, it may be that the earthwork frame may be fixed only by the same fastening method as before without using the fixing member and the connecting member. Not too long. In addition, (a) in a figure is a schematic diagram which shows the surface of the slope which applied the surface protection construction method of this invention, (b) is typical sectional drawing which follows the CC line in (a). It is.

以下、本発明を、実施例を用いてより詳細に説明する。
1.0:0.5の急勾配の崩壊斜面の補修工事(施工:面積32m、粘性土)として、複数枚の帯状基材(材質:樹脂を含浸させた布製枠材)が、伸展された際に複数個の六角形のセル(一辺の長さw:200mm)を形成するように部分的に接合されてなる土工事用枠体(商品名:セルグリッド(登録商標)、伸展時における幅W:8m、長さL:4m)を、伸展させて敷設した。具体的には、斜面に、600mmの間隔で、アンカー(材質:金属製の棒鋼)を打ち込む留め工を行った後、土工事用枠体を、アンカーにセルが係合するように順次掛け止めた。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
As a repair work for a steep slope with a steep slope of 1.0: 0.5 (construction: area 32 m 2 , viscous soil), a plurality of strip-shaped base materials (material: cloth frame material impregnated with resin) were extended. A frame for earthwork (trade name: Cellgrid (registered trademark), which is partially joined to form a plurality of hexagonal cells (length w: 200 mm on one side) Width W: 8 m, length L: 4 m) was extended and laid. Specifically, after fixing the anchor (material: metal steel bar) on the slope at an interval of 600 mm, the frame for earthwork is sequentially locked so that the cell engages with the anchor. It was.

その後、土工事用枠体の各セル内に、客土材としての火山礫を含むコンクリートを投入し、常法に従い締め固めを行い、火山礫を浮き出させて木ゴテで表面を平滑に仕上げた上、表面に市販の超遅延剤を散布して、一夜気中養生させた。   After that, concrete containing volcanic gravel as guest soil material was put into each cell of the frame for earthwork, compacted according to the usual method, the volcanic gravel was raised and the surface was smoothed with wooden trowel Above, a commercially available super retarder was sprayed on the surface and allowed to cure overnight.

結果として、火山礫を含むコンクリートは崩壊することなく土工事用枠体のセル内に収まり、全体のバランスを保って施工することができた。なお、施工期間は、地山整形および土工事用枠体の敷設に1日、および、火山礫を含むコンクリートの投入に1日で、計2日間と極めて短期間であった。また、試験現場は豪雪地帯であったが、雪解け後においても土工事用枠体は変形することなく、凍結融解に対しても安定していた。   As a result, the concrete containing the volcanic gravel was able to be constructed in the cell of the earthwork frame without collapsing and maintaining the whole balance. The construction period was one day for groundwork shaping and laying of earthwork frames, and one day for the introduction of concrete containing volcanic gravel. Moreover, although the test site was a heavy snowfall area, the frame for earthwork was not deformed even after the snow melted, and it was stable against freezing and thawing.

1 土工事用枠体
1a セル
2a,2b 固定部材
3 結合部材
4 アンカー
10 法面
20 給水装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame for earthwork 1a Cell 2a, 2b Fixing member 3 Coupling member 4 Anchor 10 Slope 20 Water supply device

Claims (6)

複数枚の帯状基材が、伸展された際に複数個の多角形のセルを形成するように部分的に接合されてなる土工事用枠体を、伸展させて敷設した後、該土工事用枠体の該多角形のセル内に客土材を投入する表面保護工法であって、
前記客土材として、軽量骨材または火山礫をセメントまたは石灰により固結させてなる材料を用いることを特徴とする表面保護工法。
After extending and laying a frame for earthwork, in which a plurality of strip-like base materials are partially joined so as to form a plurality of polygonal cells when stretched, A surface protection construction method in which a guest soil material is put into the polygonal cell of the frame,
A surface protection construction method characterized in that a light aggregate or volcanic gravel is consolidated with cement or lime as the guest soil material.
前記客土材が透水性および固結性を有することを特徴とする表面保護工法。   A surface protection method characterized in that the guest soil material has water permeability and consolidation. 前記土工事用枠体の敷設領域の幅方向両端近傍に、地盤に対し固定される固定部材を設置して、該土工事用枠体と該固定部材とを、結合部材を用いて連結する請求項1または2記載の表面保護工法。   A fixing member that is fixed to the ground is installed in the vicinity of both ends in the width direction of the laying region of the earthwork frame, and the earthwork frame and the fixing member are connected using a coupling member. Item 3. A surface protection method according to item 1 or 2. 前記土工事用枠体を自然法面、切土法面、モルタル吹付け面、コンクリート壁面または建造物の屋上若しくは屋根に敷設する請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一項記載の表面保護工法。   The surface protection construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the earthwork frame is laid on a natural slope, a cut slope, a mortar spray surface, a concrete wall surface, or a rooftop or roof of a building. 前記客土材の投入後、該客土材上にネットの設置および種子の吹付けのうちのいずれか一方あるいは両方を行う請求項1〜4のうちいずれか一項記載の表面保護工法。   The surface protection construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after the introduction of the soil material, either one or both of net installation and seed spraying is performed on the soil material. 前記土工事用枠体として透水性材料からなるものを用い、該土工事用枠体の端部近傍に給水可能な装置を設置して、該給水可能な装置から該土工事用枠体に水を供給する請求項1〜5のうちいずれか一項記載の表面保護工法。   The earthwork frame is made of a water-permeable material, and a device capable of supplying water is installed near the end of the earthwork frame, and water is supplied from the water supplyable device to the earthwork frame. The surface protection construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
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JPH10152363A (en) * 1996-09-19 1998-06-09 Ube Ind Ltd Production of concrete bed block for planting and planting concrete
JPH10183636A (en) * 1996-12-26 1998-07-14 Masanori Ono Greening method for bulkhead slope
JPH1121901A (en) * 1997-07-05 1999-01-26 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Greening curing-sheet component
JP2002012479A (en) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-15 Toho Material:Kk Light-weight porous concrete material
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JPS61171334A (en) * 1985-09-27 1986-08-02 アースニクス株式会社 Manufacture of frame material for civil work
JPH10152363A (en) * 1996-09-19 1998-06-09 Ube Ind Ltd Production of concrete bed block for planting and planting concrete
JPH10183636A (en) * 1996-12-26 1998-07-14 Masanori Ono Greening method for bulkhead slope
JPH1121901A (en) * 1997-07-05 1999-01-26 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Greening curing-sheet component
JP2002012479A (en) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-15 Toho Material:Kk Light-weight porous concrete material
JP2002105963A (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-10 Nakanihon Landscape:Kk Greening method of spraying face and its water supply device
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