JP2013157179A - Fuel cell - Google Patents

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JP2013157179A
JP2013157179A JP2012016454A JP2012016454A JP2013157179A JP 2013157179 A JP2013157179 A JP 2013157179A JP 2012016454 A JP2012016454 A JP 2012016454A JP 2012016454 A JP2012016454 A JP 2012016454A JP 2013157179 A JP2013157179 A JP 2013157179A
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fuel cell
current collector
fuel
main surface
chamfering
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JP5846936B2 (en
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Hiroaki Yagi
宏明 八木
Nobuyuki Hotta
信行 堀田
Hideki Ishikawa
秀樹 石川
Hideki Uematsu
秀樹 上松
Hiroya Ishikawa
浩也 石川
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Niterra Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell in which local stress concentration between a fuel cell body and a collector is reduced.SOLUTION: The fuel cell includes: a flat plate-like fuel cell body formed by laminating an air electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer, wherein a surface of one of the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer is a first main surface; and a flat plate-like collector which is in contact with the first main surface of the fuel cell body and is laminated in the laminating direction. That region of the collector which corresponds to the first main surface has a rectangular boundary having chamfered corners.

Description

本発明は，燃料電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a fuel cell.

発電装置として，燃料電池の開発が進められている。例えば，電解質に固体酸化物を用いた固体酸化物形燃料電池（以下，「ＳＯＦＣ」又は単に「燃料電池」とも記す場合がある）が知られている。ＳＯＦＣは，例えば，板状の固体電解質体の各面に燃料極と空気極とを備えた燃料電池セル本体を多数積層したスタック（燃料電池スタック）を有する。燃料極および空気極それぞれに，燃料ガスおよび酸化剤ガス（例えば，空気中の酸素）を供給し，固体電解質体を介して化学反応させることで，電力を発生させる（例えば，特許文献１参照）。
このとき，燃料電池セル本体で発生した電力は，燃料電池セル本体に接触する導電性の集電体を用いて出力される。 Development of fuel cells is underway as a power generator. For example, a solid oxide fuel cell using a solid oxide as an electrolyte (hereinafter also referred to as “SOFC” or simply “fuel cell”) is known. The SOFC has, for example, a stack (fuel cell stack) in which a large number of fuel cell main bodies each provided with a fuel electrode and an air electrode are stacked on each surface of a plate-shaped solid electrolyte body. Electric power is generated by supplying a fuel gas and an oxidant gas (for example, oxygen in the air) to the fuel electrode and the air electrode, respectively, and causing a chemical reaction through the solid electrolyte body (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
At this time, the electric power generated in the fuel cell body is output using a conductive current collector that contacts the fuel cell body.

特開２００９−９９３０８号公報JP 2009-99308 A

しかしながら，燃料電池スタックの組み立て時や運転中に，燃料電池セル本体（燃料極または空気極）と集電体間に局所的（例えば，角部が形成された箇所）に応力が集中し，燃料電池セル本体が割れる可能性がある。
本発明は，燃料電池セル本体と集電体間での局所的な応力集中を低減した燃料電池を提供することを目的とする。 However, during assembly and operation of the fuel cell stack, stress is concentrated locally between the fuel cell body (fuel electrode or air electrode) and the current collector (for example, where corners are formed). The battery cell body may break.
An object of this invention is to provide the fuel cell which reduced the local stress concentration between a fuel cell main body and a collector.

本発明に係る燃料電池は，空気極層と，電解質層と，燃料極層と，を積層してなり，前記空気極層および前記燃料極層の一方の層の表面を第１の主面とする平板状の燃料電池セル本体と，前記燃料電池セル本体の前記第１の主面に接触し，前記積層方向に積層される平板状の集電体と，を具備する燃料電池であって，前記集電体の前記第１の主面に対応する領域が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有する。   The fuel cell according to the present invention is formed by laminating an air electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer, and the surface of one of the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer is defined as a first main surface. A fuel cell body comprising: a flat plate fuel cell body; and a flat plate current collector that is in contact with the first main surface of the fuel cell body and stacked in the stacking direction; A region corresponding to the first main surface of the current collector has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners.

集電体の第１の主面に対応する領域とは，集電体が第１の主面と接触しているエリア，及び，集電体が複数である場合に集電体どうし間のエリアを含んで構成され，一つの連続する領域をいう。また，この領域は，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有する。例えば，集電体の角部が面取りされている。この結果，集電体と燃料電池セル本体とが接触する領域の角部での応力の集中が緩和され，燃料電池セル本体の割れを低減できる。   The area corresponding to the first main surface of the current collector is an area where the current collector is in contact with the first main surface, and an area between current collectors when there are a plurality of current collectors. A single continuous area. In addition, this region has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners. For example, the corners of the current collector are chamfered. As a result, the concentration of stress at the corners of the region where the current collector and the fuel cell main body come into contact is alleviated, and cracking of the fuel cell main body can be reduced.

（１）前記第１の主面に接触する前記集電体が複数の第１の単体で構成されており，前記第１の主面に対応する領域の境界が，前記複数の第１の単体によって規定されても良い。
即ち，空気極または燃料極側に配置された前記集電体を複数個の単体で構成しても良い。この場合，この領域が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有することで，角部での応力の集中が緩和される。 (1) The current collector in contact with the first main surface is composed of a plurality of first single bodies, and boundaries between regions corresponding to the first main surfaces are the plurality of first single bodies. May be defined by
That is, the current collector arranged on the air electrode or fuel electrode side may be constituted by a plurality of single units. In this case, since this region has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners, stress concentration at the corners is alleviated.

（２）前記燃料電池セル本体の前記空気極層および前記燃料極層の他方の層の表面を第２の主面とし，前記燃料電池セル本体の前記第２の主面に接触し，前記積層方向に積層される平板状の第２の集電体と，をさらに具備し，前記第２の集電体の前記第２の主面に対応する領域が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有しても良い。 (2) The surface of the air electrode layer of the fuel cell body and the other layer of the fuel electrode layer is a second main surface, and is in contact with the second main surface of the fuel cell body, A flat plate-like second current collector laminated in a direction, and a region corresponding to the second main surface of the second current collector is a rectangular shape with chamfered corners. It may have a boundary.

第２の集電体の第２の主面に対応する領域とは，第２の集電体が第２の主面と接触しているエリア，及び，第２の集電体が複数である場合に集電体どうし間のエリアを含んで構成され，一つの連続する領域をいう。また，この領域は，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有する。例えば，第２の集電体の角部が面取りされている。この結果，第２の集電体と燃料電池セル本体とが接触する領域の角部での応力の集中が緩和され，燃料電池セル本体の割れを低減できる。   The region corresponding to the second main surface of the second current collector is an area where the second current collector is in contact with the second main surface and a plurality of second current collectors. In some cases, it includes an area between current collectors and refers to one continuous area. In addition, this region has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners. For example, the corners of the second current collector are chamfered. As a result, the concentration of stress at the corner of the region where the second current collector and the fuel cell body contact each other is alleviated, and cracking of the fuel cell body can be reduced.

（３）（２）において，前記第２の主面に接触する前記第２の集電体が複数の第２の単体で構成されており，前記第２の主面に対応する領域の境界が，前記複数の第２の単体によって規定されても良い。
この場合でも，同様に，この領域が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有することで，角部での応力の集中が緩和される。 (3) In (2), the second current collector in contact with the second main surface is composed of a plurality of second single bodies, and the boundary of the region corresponding to the second main surface is , May be defined by the plurality of second single units.
Even in this case, similarly, this region has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners, so that stress concentration at the corners is alleviated.

（４）前記面取りを，Ｃ面取りとすることができる。第２の集電体の第２の主面に対応する領域の角部をＣ面取りすることで，角部での応力の集中が緩和される。このとき，面取りの量を，前記矩形形状の短辺側長さの５％以上とすることが好ましい。 (4) The chamfering can be a C chamfering. By chamfering the corner of the region corresponding to the second main surface of the second current collector, stress concentration at the corner is reduced. At this time, the amount of chamfering is preferably 5% or more of the short side length of the rectangular shape.

（５）前記面取りを，Ｒ面取りとすることができる。第２の集電体の第２の主面に対応する領域の角部をＲ面取りすることで，角部での応力の集中が緩和される。このとき，面取りの量を，前記矩形形状の短辺側長さの１０％以上とすることが好ましい。 (5) The chamfer can be an R chamfer. By chamfering the corner of the region corresponding to the second main surface of the second current collector, the stress concentration at the corner is reduced. At this time, the amount of chamfering is preferably 10% or more of the short side length of the rectangular shape.

本発明によれば，燃料電池セル本体と集電体間での局所的な応力集中を低減した燃料電池を提供できる。即ち，燃料電池セル本体の空気極または燃料極と集電体と接触する部分の角部に応力集中しやすい問題が改善され，セル割れが軽減される。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fuel cell which reduced local stress concentration between a fuel cell main body and a collector can be provided. That is, the problem that stress is likely to be concentrated at the corner of the fuel cell main body that is in contact with the air electrode or the fuel electrode and the current collector is improved, and cell cracking is reduced.

第１の実施形態に係る固体酸化物形燃料電池１０を表す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view illustrating a solid oxide fuel cell 10 according to a first embodiment. 固体酸化物形燃料電池１０の模式断面図である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solid oxide fuel cell 10. FIG. 燃料電池セル４０の断面図である。3 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell 40. FIG. インターコネクタ４１に配置される集電体４５を表す平面図である。4 is a plan view illustrating a current collector 45 disposed in the interconnector 41. FIG. インターコネクタ４３に配置される集電体４６を表す平面図である。4 is a plan view illustrating a current collector 46 disposed in the interconnector 43. FIG. Ｃ面取りの領域Ａ１を表した図である。It is a figure showing area | region A1 of C chamfering. Ｒ面取りの領域Ａ１を表した図である。It is a figure showing area | region A1 of R chamfering. 他の面取りの領域Ａ１を表した図である。It is the figure showing area | region A1 of other chamfering. Ｃ面取りでの面取り量Ｍと応力Ｆとの関係の一例を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the chamfering amount M and the stress F in C chamfering. Ｒ面取りでの面取り量Ｍと応力Ｆとの関係の一例を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing an example of the relationship between chamfering amount M and stress F in R chamfering. 集電体４５Ｇを構成する集電体４５の個数を変化させた場合での，集電体４５Ｇの外形と領域Ａ１の関係を表す図である。It is a figure showing the relationship between the external shape of the collector 45G and area | region A1, when changing the number of the collectors 45 which comprise the collector 45G. 集電体４５Ｇを構成する集電体４５の個数を変化させた場合での，集電体４５Ｇの外形と領域Ａ１の関係を表す図である。It is a figure showing the relationship between the external shape of the collector 45G and area | region A1, when changing the number of the collectors 45 which comprise the collector 45G.

以下，本発明が適用された実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。なお，本発明の実施の形態は，下記の実施形態に何ら限定されることはなく，本発明の技術的範囲に属する限り種々の形態を採りうる。   Embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and various forms can be adopted as long as they belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

図１は，本発明の一実施形態に係る固体酸化物形燃料電池１０を表す斜視図である。固体酸化物形燃料電池１０は，燃料ガス（例えば，水素）と酸化剤ガス（例えば，空気（詳しくは空気中の酸素））との供給を受けて発電を行う装置である。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a solid oxide fuel cell 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The solid oxide fuel cell 10 is a device that generates power by receiving supply of a fuel gas (for example, hydrogen) and an oxidant gas (for example, air (specifically, oxygen in the air)).

固体酸化物形燃料電池(燃料電池スタック)１０は，エンドプレート１１，１２，燃料電池セル４０（１）〜４０（４）が積層され，ボルト２１，２２（２２ａ，２２ｂ），２３（２３ａ，２３ｂ）およびナット３５で固定される。ここでは，判り易さのために，４つの燃料電池セル４０（１）〜４０（４）を積層しているが，一般には，２０個程度の燃料電池セル４０を積層することが多い。   The solid oxide fuel cell (fuel cell stack) 10 includes end plates 11 and 12 and fuel cells 40 (1) to 40 (4) stacked, and bolts 21 and 22 (22a and 22b) and 23 (23a, 23b) and the nut 35. Here, four fuel cells 40 (1) to 40 (4) are stacked for easy understanding, but in general, about 20 fuel cells 40 are often stacked.

エンドプレート１１，１２，燃料電池セル４０（１）〜４０（４）は，ボルト２１，２２（２２ａ，２２ｂ），２３（２３ａ，２３ｂ）に対応する貫通孔３１，３２（３２ａ，３２ｂ），３３（３３ａ，３３ｂ）を有する。
エンドプレート１１，１２は，積層される燃料電池セル４０（１）〜４０（４）を押圧，保持する保持板であり，かつ燃料電池セル４０（１）〜４０（４）からの電流の出力端子でもある。 The end plates 11 and 12 and the fuel cells 40 (1) to 40 (4) have through holes 31 and 32 (32a and 32b) corresponding to the bolts 21 and 22 (22a and 22b) and 23 (23a and 23b), 33 (33a, 33b).
The end plates 11 and 12 are holding plates that press and hold the stacked fuel battery cells 40 (1) to 40 (4), and output current from the fuel battery cells 40 (1) to 40 (4). It is also a terminal.

図２は，固体酸化物形燃料電池１０の模式断面図である。図３は，燃料電池セル４０の断面図である。   FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solid oxide fuel cell 10. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel battery cell 40.

図３に示すように，燃料電池セル４０は，いわゆる燃料極支持膜形タイプの燃料電池セルであり，インターコネクタ４１，４３，枠部４２，セル本体（燃料電池セル本体）４４，集電体４５，（第２の）集電体４６を有する。   As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel cell 40 is a so-called fuel electrode support membrane type fuel cell, and includes interconnectors 41 and 43, a frame portion 42, a cell body (fuel cell body) 44, a current collector. 45, (second) current collector 46.

インターコネクタ４１，４３は，燃料電池セル４０間の導通を確保し，かつガス流路を遮断する，上下一対の導電性（例えば，金属）のプレートである。   The interconnectors 41 and 43 are a pair of upper and lower conductive (for example, metal) plates that ensure conduction between the fuel cells 40 and block the gas flow path.

なお，燃料電池セル４０間には，１個のインターコネクタ（４１または４３）のみが配置される（直列に接続される２つの燃料電池セル４０間で１つのインターコネクタを共有しているため）。また，最上層および最下層の燃料電池セル４０（１），４０（４）それぞれでは，インターコネクタ４１，４３に替えて，エンドプレート１１，１２が配置される。   In addition, only one interconnector (41 or 43) is disposed between the fuel cells 40 (because one interconnector is shared between two fuel cells 40 connected in series). . Further, in each of the uppermost and lowermost fuel cells 40 (1) and 40 (4), end plates 11 and 12 are arranged in place of the interconnectors 41 and 43.

枠部４２は，開口４７を有する。この開口４７内は，気密に保持され，かつ酸化剤ガス流路４８，燃料ガス流路４９に区分される。枠部４２は，絶縁フレーム５１，５５，空気極フレーム５２，セパレータ（その外周縁部）５３，燃料極フレーム５４を有する。   The frame part 42 has an opening 47. The inside of the opening 47 is kept airtight and is divided into an oxidant gas passage 48 and a fuel gas passage 49. The frame portion 42 includes insulating frames 51 and 55, an air electrode frame 52, a separator (its outer peripheral edge portion) 53, and a fuel electrode frame 54.

絶縁フレーム５１，５５は，インターコネクタ４１，４３間を電気的に絶縁する，セラミックス製のフレームであり，空気極５６側および燃料極５８側に配置される。なお，絶縁フレーム５１，５５の一方を用いないことも可能である。
空気極フレーム５２は，酸化剤ガス流路４８側に配置される金属製のフレームである。
セパレータ５３は，セル本体４４を接合し，かつ酸化剤ガス流路４８，燃料ガス流路４９を遮断する金属製のフレームである。
燃料極フレーム５４は，燃料ガス流路４９側に配置される金属製のフレームである。 The insulating frames 51 and 55 are ceramic frames that electrically insulate the interconnectors 41 and 43, and are disposed on the air electrode 56 side and the fuel electrode 58 side. Note that one of the insulating frames 51 and 55 may be omitted.
The air electrode frame 52 is a metal frame disposed on the oxidant gas flow path 48 side.
The separator 53 is a metal frame that joins the cell main body 44 and blocks the oxidant gas passage 48 and the fuel gas passage 49.
The fuel electrode frame 54 is a metal frame disposed on the fuel gas flow path 49 side.

枠部４２は，ボルト２１，２２（２２ａ，２２ｂ），２３（２３ａ，２３ｂ）に対応する貫通孔３１，３２（３２ａ，３２ｂ），３３（３３ａ，３３ｂ）を有する。   The frame part 42 has through holes 31, 32 (32a, 32b), 33 (33a, 33b) corresponding to the bolts 21, 22 (22a, 22b), 23 (23a, 23b).

セル本体（燃料電池セル本体）４４は，空気極（カソード，空気極層ともいう）５６，固体電解質体（電解質層）５７，燃料極（アノード，燃料極層ともいう）５８，を積層して構成される。固体電解質体５７の酸化剤ガス流路４８側，燃料ガス流路４９側，それぞれに，空気極５６，燃料極５８，が配置される。空気極５６としてはペロブスカイト系酸化物，各種貴金属及び貴金属とセラミックとのサーメットが使用できる。固体電解質体５７としては，ＹＳＺ，Ｓｃ，ＳＺ，ＳＤＣ，ＧＤＣ，ペロブスカイト系酸化物等の材料が使用できる。また，燃料極５８としてはＮｉ及びＮｉとセラミックとのサーメットが使用できる。   The cell body (fuel cell body) 44 is formed by laminating an air electrode (also referred to as a cathode or an air electrode layer) 56, a solid electrolyte body (electrolyte layer) 57, and a fuel electrode (also referred to as an anode or fuel electrode layer) 58. Composed. An air electrode 56 and a fuel electrode 58 are disposed on the oxidant gas channel 48 side and the fuel gas channel 49 side of the solid electrolyte body 57, respectively. As the air electrode 56, perovskite oxides, various noble metals, and cermets of noble metals and ceramics can be used. As the solid electrolyte body 57, materials such as YSZ, Sc, SZ, SDC, GDC, and perovskite oxide can be used. As the fuel electrode 58, Ni and a cermet of Ni and ceramic can be used.

図２，図３に示すように，インターコネクタ４１，４３の上部において，貫通孔３２ａと開口４７間が切欠６１で空間的に接続され，これらの間での酸化剤ガスの流通を可能としている。インターコネクタ４１，４３の下部において，貫通孔３３ａと開口４７間が切欠６２で空間的に接続され，これらの間での燃料ガスの流通を可能としている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the upper part of the interconnectors 41 and 43, the through hole 32a and the opening 47 are spatially connected by a notch 61 to allow the oxidant gas to flow between them. . In the lower part of the interconnectors 41 and 43, the through hole 33a and the opening 47 are spatially connected by a notch 62, and the fuel gas can flow between them.

空気極５６側の集電体４５は，セル本体４４（空気極５６）とインターコネクタ４１との間の導通を確保するためのものであり，例えば，ＳＵＳ（ステンレス）等の緻密な金属材料からなる。
燃料極５８側の集電体４６は，セル本体４４（燃料極５８）とインターコネクタ４３との間の導通を確保するためのものであり，燃料ガスの通過が可能な様に，例えば，ニッケル等からなる多孔質の金属材料からなる。 The current collector 45 on the air electrode 56 side is for ensuring electrical connection between the cell main body 44 (air electrode 56) and the interconnector 41. For example, the current collector 45 is made of a dense metal material such as SUS (stainless steel). Become.
The current collector 46 on the fuel electrode 58 side is for ensuring electrical connection between the cell main body 44 (fuel electrode 58) and the interconnector 43. For example, nickel can be used so that fuel gas can pass therethrough. It is made of a porous metal material made of or the like.

ここで，空気極５６と集電体４５との間に，例えば，銀パラジウム合金（パラジウム含有量１〜１０ｍｏｌ％）等からなる密着層を形成しても良い。密着層によって，空気極５６と集電体４５との導通を確保するとともに，空気極５６と集電体４５とを接合できる。   Here, an adhesion layer made of, for example, a silver palladium alloy (palladium content of 1 to 10 mol%) or the like may be formed between the air electrode 56 and the current collector 45. The adhesion layer ensures the electrical connection between the air electrode 56 and the current collector 45 and allows the air electrode 56 and the current collector 45 to be joined.

この密着層は例えば次のようにして形成できる。具体的には，Ａｇ−Ｐｄ粉末（Ｐｄ：１ｍｏｌ％）とエチルセルロースと有機溶剤とを含む，Ａｇ−Ｐｄ導電性ペーストを集電体４５の表面（空気極５６側となる表面）に塗布（または印刷）する。この導電性ペーストは，固体酸化物形燃料電池１０の運転温度（例えば，７００℃）において，エチルセルロースなどが除去されるとともに，Ａｇ−Ｐｄ合金が軟化して空気極５６や集電体４５に密着する状態となる。なお，運転停止時には，この密着層は空気極５６と集電体４５と強固に接合して一体化する。このようにして，空気極５６と集電体４５間に密着層を形成し，その間での導通の確実性を向上できる。   This adhesion layer can be formed as follows, for example. Specifically, an Ag-Pd conductive paste containing Ag-Pd powder (Pd: 1 mol%), ethyl cellulose, and an organic solvent is applied to the surface of the current collector 45 (the surface on the air electrode 56 side) (or Print. This conductive paste removes ethyl cellulose and the like at the operating temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell 10 (for example, 700 ° C.) and softens the Ag—Pd alloy to adhere to the air electrode 56 and the current collector 45. It becomes a state to do. When the operation is stopped, the adhesion layer is firmly joined and integrated with the air electrode 56 and the current collector 45. In this way, an adhesion layer is formed between the air electrode 56 and the current collector 45, and the reliability of conduction between them can be improved.

ボルト２１は，積層されたエンドプレート１１，１２，燃料電池セル４０（１）〜４０（４）を押圧，固定するための部材である。
ボルト２２（２２ａ，２２ｂ）は燃料ガスを流通させるための部材であり，燃料ガスが流通する空孔（燃料ガス流路）を有する。ボルト２３（２３ａ，２３ｂ）は酸化剤ガスを流通させるための部材であり，酸化剤ガスが流通する空孔（酸化剤ガス流路）を有する。 The bolt 21 is a member for pressing and fixing the stacked end plates 11 and 12 and the fuel cells 40 (1) to 40 (4).
The bolts 22 (22a, 22b) are members for circulating the fuel gas, and have holes (fuel gas flow paths) through which the fuel gas flows. The bolts 23 (23a, 23b) are members for circulating the oxidant gas, and have holes (oxidant gas flow paths) through which the oxidant gas flows.

燃料ガス，酸化剤ガスは，次のように，燃料電池セル４０に流入，流出する。
即ち，ボルト２２（２２ａ，２２ｂ）内の空孔から燃料ガス流路４９内に燃料ガスが流入，流出する。ボルト２３（２３ａ，２３ｂ）内の空孔から酸化剤ガス流路４８内に酸化剤ガスが流入，流出する。 Fuel gas and oxidant gas flow into and out of the fuel cell 40 as follows.
That is, the fuel gas flows into and out of the fuel gas channel 49 from the holes in the bolt 22 (22a, 22b). Oxidant gas flows into and out of the oxidant gas flow path 48 from the holes in the bolts 23 (23a, 23b).

図４，図５は，インターコネクタ４１，４３それぞれに配置される集電体４５，第２の集電体４６を表す平面図である。インターコネクタ４１，４３上に複数の集電体４５，複数の第２の集電体４６が配置される。
なお，個別の集電体４５，第２の集電体４６それぞれと，複数の集電体４５，第２の集電体４６とをより明確に区別するため，次のような呼称も利用可能とする。即ち，個別の集電体４５，第２の集電体４６を第１の単体４５，第２の単体４６とも呼ぶ。また，複数の集電体４５全体，第２の集電体４６全体を集電体４５G，第２の集電体４６Gと呼ぶものとする。 4 and 5 are plan views showing the current collector 45 and the second current collector 46 disposed in the interconnectors 41 and 43, respectively. A plurality of current collectors 45 and a plurality of second current collectors 46 are disposed on the interconnectors 41 and 43.
In order to more clearly distinguish each of the individual current collectors 45 and the second current collectors 46 from the plurality of current collectors 45 and the second current collectors 46, the following names can also be used. And That is, the individual current collector 45 and the second current collector 46 are also referred to as a first single unit 45 and a second single unit 46. The plurality of current collectors 45 and the entire second current collector 46 are referred to as a current collector 45G and a second current collector 46G.

このとき，複数の集電体４５全体（集電体４５G），第２の集電体４６全体（第２の集電体４６G）としての外周（輪郭線）が領域Ａ１，Ａ２を規定する。即ち，領域Ａ１は，第１の単体４５が占めるエリアと，第１の単体４５どうし間のエリアとを含んで構成され，領域Ａ２は，第２の単体４６が占めるエリアと第２の単体４６どうし間のエリアとを含んで構成される。   At this time, the outer circumferences (contour lines) of the plurality of current collectors 45 as a whole (current collector 45G) and the second current collector 46 as a whole (second current collector 46G) define the regions A1 and A2. That is, the region A1 includes an area occupied by the first single unit 45 and an area between the first single units 45, and the region A2 includes an area occupied by the second single unit 46 and the second single unit 46. It is comprised including the area between each other.

具体的には，領域Ａ１，Ａ２はそれぞれ，略矩形形状であるが，その４隅の角部に領域Ａ１１，Ａ２１を有しない。即ち，領域Ａ１，Ａ２は，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の「境界」を有する。集電体４５G，第２の集電体４６Gが領域Ａ１１，Ａ２１に入らないように，「境界」の内側に配置されている。   Specifically, each of the areas A1 and A2 has a substantially rectangular shape, but does not have the areas A11 and A21 at the corners of the four corners. That is, the areas A1 and A2 have rectangular “boundaries” with chamfered corners. The current collector 45G and the second current collector 46G are arranged inside the “boundary” so as not to enter the regions A11 and A21.

このように，集電体４５G，第２の集電体４６Gのセル本体４４上の主面に対応する領域Ａ１，Ａ２の角部が面取りされている。この結果，集電体４５G，第２の集電体４６Gが燃料電池セル本体４４（空気極，燃料極）に対応する領域Ａ１，Ａ２の角部での応力の集中が緩和され，燃料電池セル本体４４の割れを低減できる。   Thus, the corners of the regions A1 and A2 corresponding to the main surfaces of the current collector 45G and the second current collector 46G on the cell body 44 are chamfered. As a result, the current collector 45G and the second current collector 46G alleviate stress concentration at the corners of the regions A1 and A2 corresponding to the fuel cell body 44 (air electrode, fuel electrode), and the fuel cell. The crack of the main body 44 can be reduced.

本実施形態では，領域Ａ１，Ａ２双方の角部を面取りしているが，領域Ａ１，Ａ２一方のみの角部を面取りしても，応力の集中が緩和され，燃料電池セル本体４４の割れを低減できる。   In this embodiment, the corners of both the regions A1 and A2 are chamfered. However, even if the corners of only one of the regions A1 and A2 are chamfered, stress concentration is reduced, and the fuel cell main body 44 is cracked. Can be reduced.

図６〜図８は，判り易さのために，集電体４５を除外して，領域Ａ１を表した図である。図６では，領域Ａ１の角部は直線状に面取りされている（Ｃ面取り）。図７では，領域Ａ１の角部は円弧形状に面取りされている（Ｒ面取り）。図８では，領域Ａ１の角部は２つの直線を組み合わせた形状に面取りされている（その他の面取り）。   6 to 8 are diagrams showing the region A1 excluding the current collector 45 for easy understanding. In FIG. 6, the corners of the region A1 are chamfered linearly (C chamfering). In FIG. 7, the corners of the region A1 are chamfered in an arc shape (R chamfering). In FIG. 8, the corners of the area A1 are chamfered into a shape combining two straight lines (other chamfers).

図６，図７に示すように，面取りの形状がＣ面取り，Ｒ面取りの何れでも，応力の集中が緩和される。この点，領域Ａ２でも，面取りの形状がＣ面取り，Ｒ面取りの何れでも，応力の集中が緩和される。
さらに，図８に示されるように，面取りが直線，円弧等の中間的な形状，例えば，複数の直線を接続した形状（図８では２つの直線を接続した形状），直線と円弧とを接続した形状でも，応力の集中が緩和される。 As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the stress concentration is alleviated regardless of whether the chamfered shape is a C chamfer or an R chamfer. In this regard, even in the area A2, the concentration of stress is alleviated regardless of whether the chamfering shape is C chamfering or R chamfering.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the chamfer has an intermediate shape such as a straight line or an arc, for example, a shape in which a plurality of straight lines are connected (a shape in which two straight lines are connected in FIG. 8), or a straight line and an arc are connected Even with the shape, the stress concentration is reduced.

ここで，面取り量Ｍ（％）を次の式（１）で定義できる。
Ｍ＝（ΔＬ／Ｌ）＊１００ ……式（１）
Ｌ： 領域Ａ１での辺の長さ
ΔＬ： 面取りされた領域Ａ１１の幅 Here, the chamfering amount M (%) can be defined by the following equation (1).
M = (ΔL / L) * 100 (1)
L: Side length in region A1 ΔL: Width of chamfered region A11

図６〜図８に示されるように，この定義は，Ｃ面取り，Ｒ面取りの何れでも適用可能である。ここでは，領域Ａ１を略正方形（隣り合う辺の長さが等しい）としている。領域Ａ１が略長方形（互いに異なる長さの長辺，短辺を有する）の場合，長さＬとして，短辺の長さを用いるものとする。   As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, this definition can be applied to either C chamfering or R chamfering. Here, the region A1 is substantially square (the lengths of adjacent sides are equal). When the region A1 is substantially rectangular (having long sides and short sides having different lengths), the length of the short side is used as the length L.

図９，図１０は，Ｃ面取り，Ｒ面取りそれぞれでの面取り量Ｍ（％）と応力Ｆ（％）との関係の一例を表すグラフである。応力Ｆ（％）は，次の式（２）で定義される。
Ｆ＝（Ｆ１／Ｆ０）＊１００ ……式（２）
Ｆ１：面取りしたときの領域Ａ１内での応力の最大値
Ｆ０：面取りしないときの領域Ａ１内での応力の最大値 9 and 10 are graphs showing an example of the relationship between the chamfering amount M (%) and the stress F (%) in each of the C chamfering and the R chamfering. The stress F (%) is defined by the following formula (2).
F = (F1 / F0) * 100 (2)
F1: Maximum value of stress in region A1 when chamfered F0: Maximum value of stress in region A1 when not chamfered

ここでは，次の条件でシミュレーションした結果を表している。
・領域Ａ１，Ａ２双方での面取り量Ｍは同一
・領域Ａ１，Ａ２は，それぞれ一つの集電体４５，４６で構成される（後述の図１１（ａ）に対応，領域Ａ１，Ａ２の形状と，１の集電体４５，４６の外周の形状が一致する）
・セパレータ５３（の外周縁部）を固定した状態で，図１でのＺ負方向に圧力を印加し集電体４５，４６を押し込む Here, the simulation results under the following conditions are shown.
The chamfering amount M is the same in both the areas A1 and A2. The areas A1 and A2 are each composed of one current collector 45 and 46 (corresponding to FIG. 11A described later, the shapes of the areas A1 and A2). And the shape of the outer periphery of the current collectors 45 and 46 of one coincide with each other)
・ Pressure is applied to the current collectors 45 and 46 by applying pressure in the negative Z direction in FIG.

図９に示すように，Ｃ面取りの場合，応力Ｆは，面取り量Ｍの増加（０〜５％）に連れて応力緩和の度合いが増加し，面取り量Ｍが５％以上になると安定した緩和効果が見られる。よって，面取りの量Ｍを５％以上とすることが好ましい。
一方，面取りの量Mの上限は，電気特性（集電面積）の関係で，特に規定しないが，例えば，２０％以下とすることができる。 As shown in FIG. 9, in the case of C chamfering, the stress F increases as the chamfering amount M increases (0 to 5%), and the degree of stress relaxation increases. The effect is seen. Therefore, it is preferable that the chamfering amount M is 5% or more.
On the other hand, the upper limit of the amount C of chamfering is not particularly specified because of the electrical characteristics (current collection area), but can be, for example, 20% or less.

図１０に示すように，Ｒ面取りの場合，応力Ｆは，面取り量Ｍの増加（０〜１０％）に連れて応力緩和の度合いが増加し，面取り量Ｍが１０％以上になると安定した緩和効果がみられる。よって，面取りの量Ｍを１０％以上とすることが好ましい。
一方，面取りの量Mの上限は，電気特性（集電面積）の関係で，特に規定しないが，例えば，２５％以下とすることができる。 As shown in FIG. 10, in the case of R chamfering, the stress F increases with increasing chamfering amount M (0 to 10%), and the degree of stress relaxation increases. The effect is seen. Therefore, the chamfering amount M is preferably 10% or more.
On the other hand, the upper limit of the amount C of chamfering is not particularly specified because of the electrical characteristics (current collection area), but can be, for example, 25% or less.

図１１，図１２は，集電体４５，第２の集電体４６の個数を変化させた場合での，集電体４５Ｇ，第２の集電体４６Ｇの外形と領域Ａ１，Ａ２の関係を表す図である。
図１１（ａ）では，集電体４５Ｇ，第２の集電体４６Ｇを構成する集電体（第１の単体）４５，（第２の単体）４６の個数は１（１つの単体）であり，集電体４５，第２の集電体４６の外形と領域Ａ１，Ａ２は一致している。
図１１（ｂ），（ｃ）それぞれでは，２つ，３つの集電体（第１の単体）４５，（第２の単体）４６を図の縦方向に並べて，集電体４５Ｇ，第２の集電体４６Ｇを構成している。 11 and 12 show the relationship between the outer shapes of the current collector 45G and the second current collector 46G and the areas A1 and A2 when the numbers of the current collector 45 and the second current collector 46 are changed. FIG.
In FIG. 11A, the number of current collectors 45G and current collectors (first single unit) 45 and (second single unit) 46 constituting the second current collector 46G is 1 (one single unit). Yes, the outer shapes of the current collector 45 and the second current collector 46 coincide with the areas A1 and A2.
In each of FIGS. 11B and 11C, two or three current collectors (first single body) 45 and (second single body) 46 are arranged in the vertical direction of the drawing, and current collector 45G, second Current collector 46G.

図１２（ａ）〜（ｃ）それぞれでは，次のように複数の集電体４５，第２の集電体４６を並べて，集電体４５Ｇ，４６Ｇを構成している。
（ａ）縦横に２つずつ（合計４つ）
（ｂ）縦に３つ，横に２つ（合計６つ）
（ｃ）縦横に３つ（合計９つ） In each of FIGS. 12A to 12C, the current collectors 45G and 46G are configured by arranging a plurality of current collectors 45 and a second current collector 46 as follows.
(A) Two each vertically and horizontally (total of 4)
(B) 3 vertically and 2 horizontally (6 in total)
(C) 3 vertically and 9 (total 9)

以上のように，領域Ａ１，Ａ２それぞれに任意の個数の集電体４５，第２の集電体４６を対応させることが可能である。即ち，集電体４５G，第２の集電体４６Gを構成する第１の単体４５，第２の単体４６の数が幾つでもよい。また，集電体４５G，第２の集電体４６Gが何れであっても，領域Ａ１，Ａ２が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有することで，角部での応力の集中が緩和される。   As described above, an arbitrary number of current collectors 45 and second current collectors 46 can correspond to the areas A1 and A2, respectively. That is, the number of the first single body 45 and the second single body 46 constituting the current collector 45G and the second current collector 46G may be any number. In addition, regardless of whether the current collector 45G or the second current collector 46G, the regions A1 and A2 have rectangular boundaries with chamfered corners, so that stress concentration at the corners is reduced. Alleviated.

（その他の実施形態）
本発明の実施形態は上記の実施形態に限られず拡張，変更可能であり，拡張，変更した実施形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
上記実施形態では，４つの角部での面取り形状および面取り量Ｍを同一としているが，一部または全部の面取り形状または面取り量Ｍを異ならせても良い。 (Other embodiments)
Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be expanded and modified. The expanded and modified embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
In the above embodiment, the chamfering shape and the chamfering amount M at the four corners are the same, but a part or all of the chamfering shape or the chamfering amount M may be different.

１０ 固体酸化物形燃料電池
１１，１２ エンドプレート
２１〜２３ ボルト
３１〜３３ 貫通孔
３５ ナット
４０ 燃料電池セル
４１，４３ インターコネクタ
４２ 枠部
４４ セル本体
４４ 燃料電池セル本体
４５ 集電体，第１の単体
４６ （第２の）集電体，第２の単体
４７ 開口
４８ 酸化剤ガス流路
４９ 燃料ガス流路
５１，５５ 絶縁フレーム
５２ 空気極フレーム
５３ セパレータ
５４ 燃料極フレーム
５６ 空気極
５７ 固体電解質体
５８ 燃料極
６１，６２ 切欠 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Solid oxide fuel cell 11, 12 End plate 21-23 Bolt 31-33 Through hole 35 Nut 40 Fuel cell 41, 43 Interconnector 42 Frame 44 Cell main body 44 Fuel cell main body 45 Current collector, 1st Single body 46 (second) current collector, second single body 47 opening 48 oxidant gas flow path 49 fuel gas flow path 51, 55 insulating frame 52 air electrode frame 53 separator 54 fuel electrode frame 56 air electrode 57 solid electrolyte Body 58 Fuel electrode 61, 62 Notch

Claims (8)

空気極層と，電解質層と，燃料極層と，を積層してなり，前記空気極層および前記燃料極層の一方の層の表面を第１の主面とする平板状の燃料電池セル本体と，
前記燃料電池セル本体の前記第１の主面に接触し，前記積層方向に積層される平板状の集電体と，
を具備する燃料電池であって，
前記集電体の前記第１の主面に対応する領域が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有する
ことを特徴とする燃料電池。 A flat plate fuel cell main body, which is formed by laminating an air electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer, and has a surface of one of the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer as a first main surface. When,
A flat plate current collector that contacts the first main surface of the fuel cell body and is stacked in the stacking direction;
A fuel cell comprising:
The region corresponding to the first main surface of the current collector has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners. 前記第１の主面に接触する前記集電体が複数の第１の単体で構成されており，
前記第１の主面に対応する領域の境界が，前記複数の第１の単体によって規定される
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。 The current collector in contact with the first main surface is composed of a plurality of first single bodies;
2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a boundary of a region corresponding to the first main surface is defined by the plurality of first single bodies. 前記燃料電池セル本体の前記空気極層および前記燃料極層の他方の層の表面を第２の主面とし，
前記燃料電池セル本体の前記第２の主面に接触し，前記積層方向に積層される平板状の第２の集電体と，をさらに具備し，
前記第２の集電体の前記第２の主面に対応する領域が，角部が面取りされた矩形形状の境界を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の燃料電池。 The surface of the air electrode layer of the fuel cell body and the other layer of the fuel electrode layer is a second main surface,
A flat plate-like second current collector that is in contact with the second main surface of the fuel cell body and is stacked in the stacking direction;
3. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a region corresponding to the second main surface of the second current collector has a rectangular boundary with chamfered corners. 前記第２の主面に接触する前記第２の集電体が複数の第２の単体で構成されており，
前記第２の主面に対応する領域の境界が，前記複数の第２の単体によって規定される
ことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の燃料電池。 The second current collector in contact with the second main surface is composed of a plurality of second single bodies;
4. The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein a boundary of a region corresponding to the second main surface is defined by the plurality of second single bodies. 前記面取りが，Ｃ面取りである
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の燃料電池。 The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the chamfering is C chamfering. 前記面取りの量が，前記矩形形状の短辺側長さの５％以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項５に記載の燃料電池。 The fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the amount of the chamfer is 5% or more of the length of the short side of the rectangular shape. 前記面取りが，Ｒ面取りである
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の燃料電池。 The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the chamfering is R chamfering. 前記面取りの量が，前記矩形形状の短辺側長さの１０％以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項７記載の燃料電池。 The fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein an amount of the chamfer is 10% or more of a length of a short side of the rectangular shape.
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