JP2013118916A - Oral function training device - Google Patents
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本発明は口腔機能が低下した要介護者の、口腔機能向上、維持、回復のための口腔機能訓練器に係り、特に要介護者が単独で利用することの出来る口腔機能訓練器に属する
The present invention relates to an oral function training device for improving, maintaining, and recovering oral function of a care recipient who has deteriorated oral function, and particularly belongs to an oral function training device that can be used alone by a care recipient.
近年、高齢者をはじめとした要介護者の口腔衛生、口腔機能状態と、誤嚥性肺炎などの全身疾患との関連が明らかになりつつあり、口腔清掃や口腔機能訓練などを中心とした口腔ケアの重要性が注目されている。 In recent years, the relationship between oral hygiene and oral function status of elderly people and other care recipients and systemic diseases such as aspiration pneumonia has been clarified. The importance of care is drawing attention.
口腔機能訓練のひとつとして嚥下訓練が挙げられる。この嚥下訓練には、実際に飲食物の嚥下を行い、嚥下機能の回復を促す直接嚥下訓練と、飲食物を嚥下せずに嚥下に関連する機能の回復を促す間接嚥下訓練とが知られているが、なかでも間接嚥下訓練では、嚥下運動に関連する口輪筋や頬筋、舌筋などの口腔周囲筋を効率よくトレーニングするための様々な方法が提唱されている。 One example of oral function training is swallowing training. This swallowing training is known to be a direct swallowing exercise that actually swallows food and drink and promotes recovery of swallowing function, and an indirect swallowing exercise that promotes recovery of functions related to swallowing without swallowing food and drink In particular, indirect swallowing training, various methods for efficiently training the peroral muscles such as the orbicular muscles, the buccal muscles and the tongue muscles related to the swallowing movement have been proposed.
また、嚥下訓練に当たっては、嚥下に使用される口腔周囲筋の基磯訓練を行うことの出来る嚥下障害補助具が考案されている。 Moreover, in swallowing training, a swallowing disorder assisting device capable of performing basic training of perioral muscles used for swallowing has been devised.
このような嚥下障害補助具の一例としては、使用者が把持する把持部と、この把持部の尖端側に連設され口腔内に挿入可能とされている歯列状の被咬合部とを有していることを特徴とする嚥下障害リハビリ訓練器がある（特許文献１参照）。 As an example of such a dysphagia assistance tool, there is a gripping part gripped by the user and a dentition-like occlusal part that is connected to the tip side of the gripping part and can be inserted into the oral cavity. There is a dysphagia rehabilitation training device characterized by being (see Patent Document 1).
その他、上面が半球面状で、下面が平面状に形成された先細の刺激部を尖端に有する弾性材料からなる口腔内挿入部と、この口腔内挿入部に嵌着され、使用者が握る把持部とを有する嚥下障害リハビリ訓練器がある（特許文献２参照） In addition, an intraoral insertion portion made of an elastic material having a tapered stimulating portion with a top surface formed in a hemispherical shape and a lower surface formed in a flat shape at the tip, and a grip that is fitted to the intraoral insertion portion and gripped by the user There is a dysphagia rehabilitation training device having a part (see Patent Document 2)
さらに、上唇部に当接する上唇当接部と、下唇に当接する下唇当接部と、上唇当接部と下唇当接部とをそれぞれ連結する連結部とにより***器具が構成され、使用者は上唇当接部に上唇を挿入し、下唇当接部に下唇を挿入し、上下唇を合わせて暫くその状態を維持することによって、連結部の弾性が***に負荷を与え、口周辺の筋肉を刺激することの出来る***器具がある。（特許文献３参照）
しかしながら間接嚥下訓練においては、実際に飲食物を嚥下しないため、介護者や要介護者の機能訓練に対するモチベーションが保ちにくいという欠点がある。さらに、認知症状の進んだ要介護者に対しては、機能訓練の意味や内容の理解能力が乏しく、訓練の導入自体が困難であることも多い。 However, indirect swallowing training does not actually swallow food and drink, so there is a drawback that it is difficult to maintain motivation for function training of caregivers and care recipients. In addition, care recipients who have advanced cognitive symptoms often lack the ability to understand the meaning and content of functional training, and it is often difficult to introduce training.
また、間接嚥下訓練には様々な方法が提唱されているが、嚥下に関連する口腔周囲筋を、簡便かつ総合的にトレーニングする方法は確立されておらず、多くの場合いくつかの方法を組み合わせることによって訓練の計画が立てられている。 In addition, various methods have been proposed for indirect swallowing training, but a simple and comprehensive training method for perioral muscles related to swallowing has not been established, and in many cases, several methods are combined. A training plan is planned.
この、モチベーションの保ちにくさや、多くの方法を組み合わせるなど訓練内容の煩雑さが、介護者の介護に関する手間となり、間接嚥下訓練の実施を妨げる要因となることもある。 This difficulty in maintaining motivation and the complexity of the training content, such as combining many methods, can be a hassle for caregivers' care and can interfere with the implementation of indirect swallowing training.
また、前述した嚥下障害リハビリ訓練器においては、ある程度口腔周囲筋の総合的な訓練が
期待できるが、訓練中に介護者または要介護者は手によって把持する必要があり、要介護者のマヒや拘縮の状態によっては独力での訓練が困難となり、介護者の介護の手間がかかる可能性がある。
In addition, with the dysphagia rehabilitation training device described above, comprehensive training of the perioral muscles can be expected to some extent, but during the training, the caregiver or the care recipient needs to hold it by hand. Depending on the condition of contracture, it may be difficult to train alone, and caregiver care may be required.
さらに、前述した***器具では、要介護者の独力によるリハビリが可能であるが、口輪筋や頬筋など***周囲の筋肉の訓練が中心となるため、舌筋や咀嚼筋群など口腔周囲筋の総合的な訓練は期待できない。 In addition, the above-mentioned lip device can be rehabilitated by the care recipient alone, but since it focuses on the training of muscles around the lips, such as the ring muscles and cheek muscles, the peroral muscles such as the tongue and masticatory muscles No comprehensive training can be expected.
一方、認知症状の進んだ要介護者の場合、指しゃぶりやシーツなどの異物を口に入れるなどの周辺症状が不潔行為となることも多く、この不潔行為を強制的に止めさせるとによって介護への抵抗や不信につながる場合ある。
On the other hand, in the case of a care recipient who has advanced cognitive symptoms, peripheral symptoms such as putting a foreign substance such as finger sucking or sheets into the mouth often become filthy acts, and if this filthy behavior is forcibly stopped, nursing care can be provided. May lead to resistance and distrust.
本発明は、発明が解決しようとする課題を解決するため、嚥下をはじめとした口腔機能をつかさどる口腔周囲筋の総合的な訓練を可能とし、要介護者の自発的かつ独力による訓練を可能とすることで、介護者および要介護者の負担を軽減し得る口腔機能訓練器を開発したものであり、すなわち下記の発明からなるものである。
（１）口蓋部に適合する乳首状の口腔内挿入部と、この口腔内挿入部に連接され口腔外に突出するラッパ状または円筒状の口腔外突出部を有する口腔機能訓練器
（２）前記口腔内挿入部と口腔外突出部との間に形成され、口腔前庭に挿入される翼状に広がった口腔前庭挿入部をさらに有していることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の口腔機能訓練器
（３）前記口腔外突出部にリング状または棒状の把持部が着脱できることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の口腔機能訓練器
In order to solve the problem to be solved by the present invention, the present invention enables comprehensive training of the peroral muscles that control oral functions including swallowing, and enables spontaneous and independent training of care recipients. Thus, an oral function training device that can reduce the burden on the caregiver and the care recipient is developed, that is, consists of the following invention.
(1) An oral function training device having a nipple-like intraoral insertion part that fits the palate part, and a trumpet-shaped or cylindrical extraoral protrusion part that is connected to the intraoral insertion part and projects outside the oral cavity (2) The oral function training according to claim 1, further comprising an oral vestibular insertion portion that is formed between the intraoral insertion portion and the extraoral protruding portion and that is inserted into the oral vestibule and extends in a wing shape. (3) The oral function training device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ring-shaped or rod-shaped gripping portion can be attached to and detached from the protruding portion outside the oral cavity.
上記に記載される本発明によれば、口腔前庭に挿入される口腔前庭挿入部によって、口腔機能訓練器が口腔内で安定するため、介護者または要介護者が手で把持する必要がない。 According to the present invention described above, the oral function training device is stabilized in the oral cavity by the oral vestibule insertion portion inserted into the oral vestibule, so that the caregiver or the care recipient need not hold it by hand.
また、上下唇が口腔前庭挿入部によって内側より支えられた状態で上下唇の運動を行うことにより、ラッパ状または円筒状の口腔外突出部の弾性が***に効率よく負荷を与え、口輪筋や頬筋を訓練することができる。 In addition, the upper and lower lips are supported from the inside by the oral vestibule insertion part, so that the elasticity of the trumpet-like or cylindrical protrusion from the oral cavity efficiently applies a load to the lips. Can train the cheek muscles.
さらに、乳首状の口腔内挿入部を舌で触ったり、吸啜運動を行うことで頬筋や舌筋群など嚥下に必要な筋群を効果的に訓練することが出来る。さらに口腔挿入部を噛むことによって、咬筋や側頭筋などの咀嚼筋群も訓練することが可能となるため、総合的な口腔周囲筋の訓練が実施できる。 Furthermore, muscle groups necessary for swallowing such as the buccal muscles and tongue muscle groups can be effectively trained by touching the nipple-like intraoral insertion portion with the tongue or performing sucking exercise. Furthermore, it is possible to train masticatory muscles such as the masseter and temporal muscles by biting the oral cavity insertion portion, so that comprehensive training of perioral muscles can be performed.
その上、口腔前庭に挿入する口腔前庭挿入部や、乳首状の口腔内挿入部による口腔粘膜への刺激が唾液分泌を促進し空嚥下を助長するため、嚥下機能の維持、回復が期待できるだけでなく、口腔機能訓練器の装着によって閉口時間が延長し口腔乾燥の改善も期待できる。 In addition, stimulation of the oral mucosa by the oral vestibule insertion part to be inserted into the oral vestibule or the nipple-like intraoral insertion part promotes salivation and promotes swallowing, so it can only be expected to maintain and recover the swallowing function. In addition, wearing the oral function training device prolongs the closing time and can be expected to improve dry mouth.
一方、口腔外突出部に着脱できる把持部を、介護者が把持した上で様々な負荷を加えることによって、さらに高度な機能訓練を実施することも可能である。 On the other hand, it is also possible to carry out more advanced functional training by applying various loads after the caregiver grips the grip part that can be attached to and detached from the protrusion part outside the oral cavity.
また、乳首状の口腔内挿入部の吸啜運動は原始的な行為であり、認知症の進んだ要介護者にも比較的導入が容易であり、さらに指しゃぶりなどの不潔行為に対する代替行為として、本発明の口腔機能訓練器をおしゃぶりとして利用することもできる。
In addition, the sucking movement of the nipple-shaped intraoral insertion part is a primitive action, and it is relatively easy to introduce to care recipients who have advanced dementia, and as an alternative to dirty actions such as finger sucking. The oral function training device of the present invention can also be used as a pacifier.
本発明による口腔機能訓練器は、図１に示すごとく、ラッパ状または円筒状に成形され口腔外に突出する口腔外突出部１および口腔前庭に挿入される口腔前庭挿入部２、口蓋に適合するよう成形され、口腔内に挿入される乳首状の口腔内挿入部３、口腔外突出部に着脱できる、リング状または棒状の把持部４を備える形状を有するものである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the oral function training device according to the present invention is suitable for an oral cavity protruding portion 1 that is formed into a trumpet shape or a cylindrical shape and protrudes outside the oral cavity, an oral vestibule insertion portion 2 that is inserted into the oral vestibule, and a palate. The nipple-shaped intraoral insertion part 3 to be inserted into the oral cavity and the ring-shaped or bar-shaped gripping part 4 that can be attached to and detached from the protruding part outside the oral cavity are provided.
口腔外突出部１は、***の開閉、突出運動に伴って***に適度の抵抗を加えつつ変形するラッパ状または円筒状の形状を有する。さらに口腔外突出部１には吸啜運動と同調して多少の空気が通過するように、口腔内に貫通する空気穴１aを設置し、スムーズな吸啜運動が行えるようにする。 The extraoral protrusion 1 has a trumpet shape or a cylindrical shape that deforms while applying an appropriate resistance to the lip as the lip opens and closes and protrudes. Further, an air hole 1a penetrating into the oral cavity is provided in the extraoral protrusion 1 so that some air passes in synchronism with the sucking movement so that a smooth sucking movement can be performed.
口腔前庭に挿入される口腔前庭挿入部２については、上下唇を効率よく内部から支えられるようにするため出来るだけ大きく設定する。また、小体との接触によって痛みが出ないよう、上下唇小体、頬小体相当部には切れ込み２aを設置する. The oral vestibule insertion part 2 inserted into the oral vestibule is set as large as possible so that the upper and lower lips can be efficiently supported from the inside. In addition, cuts 2a will be placed in the upper and lower lip bodies and cheek body equivalent parts to prevent pain from contact with the body.
口腔内挿入部３は、刺激部３aと頸部３bから構成され、とくに刺激部３aの上面は口蓋部を効率よく刺激するため、違和感のない範囲で可及的に半球面状に大きく設定する。また刺激部３aの下面は舌を効率よく刺激するために、平面状または凹面状に設定し、さらにこの口腔内挿入部の刺激部３aおよび頸部３bの上面は上顎前歯部顎提から口蓋にいたる形状に適合するようにS状の曲面を有する形状を付与する。さらに口腔内挿入部３は中空状の構造を有するものとする。 The intraoral insertion part 3 is composed of a stimulation part 3a and a neck part 3b. In particular, the upper surface of the stimulation part 3a is set as large as possible in a hemispherical shape as long as there is no sense of incongruity in order to efficiently stimulate the palate. . In addition, the lower surface of the stimulation unit 3a is set to be flat or concave in order to stimulate the tongue efficiently, and the upper surfaces of the stimulation unit 3a and the neck 3b of the intraoral insertion unit are placed on the palate from the maxillary anterior tooth jaw jaw. A shape having an S-shaped curved surface is provided so as to conform to all shapes. Furthermore, the intraoral insertion part 3 shall have a hollow structure.
また、図１に示す本発明による口腔機能訓練器を構成する材料については、様々な硬度が利用できるゴム状弾性材料、例えばシリコーンゴムなどが適当である。
Further, as the material constituting the oral function training device according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a rubber-like elastic material that can use various hardnesses, such as silicone rubber, is suitable.
本発明の口腔機能訓練器の使用に当たっての実施例を詳説する。口腔機能訓練器は、先ず口腔前庭挿入部２を上下の口腔前庭に挿入させつつ口腔内挿入部３を口腔内に装着する。 The Example in using the oral function training device of this invention is explained in full detail. The oral function training device first attaches the intraoral insertion part 3 into the oral cavity while inserting the oral vestibule insertion part 2 into the upper and lower oral vestibules.
要介護者は、口腔機能訓練器を口腔内に装着した状態で、上下唇の開閉、突出など様々な運動を行う。口腔外突出部１はこの運動によって変形しつつ***に適度な抵抗を与え、***周囲の筋肉を刺激する。 The care recipient needs to perform various exercises such as opening and closing the upper and lower lips and protruding while wearing the oral function training device in the oral cavity. The extraoral protrusion 1 gives an appropriate resistance to the lips while being deformed by this motion, and stimulates the muscles around the lips.
さらに要介護者は、口腔内挿入部の刺激部３aを舌でさわったり噛んだりすることによって、咀嚼筋群や舌筋群を刺激する。また、口腔内挿入部を吸啜することによって、口輪筋や頬筋が刺激され、これらの刺激が唾液分泌を促進させる。 Furthermore, the care recipient needs to stimulate the masticatory muscle group and the tongue muscle group by touching or biting the stimulation part 3a of the intraoral insertion part with the tongue. In addition, sucking the intraoral insertion part stimulates the orbital muscles and cheek muscles, and these stimulations promote salivation.
これら吸啜運動と唾液分泌の促進が、要介護者の空嚥下を誘発し、この一連の運動が機能的な嚥下訓練としての効果を発揮する。 These sucking exercises and the promotion of salivation induce the swallowing of care recipients, and this series of exercises demonstrates the effect of functional swallowing exercises.
また、要介護者の吸啜運動にともない空気穴１aを空気が通過するが、この空気通過の際に発生する空気通過音には、介護者に要介護者が機能訓練中であることを知らしめる効果があり、また、要介護者が自発的な吸啜運動に連動する空気通過音を聞くことによって、口腔機能訓練にあたってのバイオフィードバック効果が期待できる。 In addition, air passes through the air hole 1a as the care recipient needs to suck, but the air passing sound generated during the passage of air informs the caregiver that the care recipient is undergoing functional training. It can be expected to have a biofeedback effect in oral function training by listening to air passing sound that is linked to voluntary sucking movements by care recipients.
さらにこの空気穴１aにて発生する空気通過音を明瞭にするため、空気穴１a相当部に音の発生装置を設置してもよい。 Furthermore, in order to clarify the air passing sound generated in the air hole 1a, a sound generating device may be installed in a portion corresponding to the air hole 1a.
また、中空状の口腔内挿入部３については、内部に口腔湿潤剤や甘味料を充填し、要介護者がこれを少しずつ吸いだせるように、刺激部３aの先端部に穴を開けてもよい。 Moreover, about the hollow intraoral insertion part 3, even if a hole is made in the front-end | tip part of the irritation | stimulation part 3a so that a care recipient may suck | inhale this little by little, the inside is filled with an oral moistening agent and a sweetener. Good.
また、機能訓練時に把持部４が***の動きを阻害するようであれば、把持部着脱用切れ込み４aによって、必要に応じて把持部を着脱してもよい。
Moreover, if the grip part 4 obstructs the movement of the lips during function training, the grip part may be attached and detached as necessary by the grip part attaching / detaching cut 4a.
１ 口腔外突出部
１a空気穴
２ 口腔前庭挿入部
２a切れ込み
３ 口腔内挿入部
３a刺激部３b頸部
４ 把持部
４a把持部着脱用切れ込み
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Extraoral protrusion part 1a Air hole 2 Oral vestibular insertion part 2a notch 3 Oral insertion part 3a Stimulation part 3b Neck part 4 Grasping part 4a Grasping part attachment / detachment notch
Claims (3)
The oral function training device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ring-shaped or bar-shaped gripping part can be attached to and detached from the extraoral protruding part.
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| JP2011267446A JP6017780B2 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | Oral function training device |
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| JP2011267446A JP6017780B2 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | Oral function training device |
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| JP6017780B2 JP6017780B2 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104306135A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 王海英 | Multifunctional oral cavity trainer |
| WO2015174721A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-19 | 인제대학교 산학협력단 | Dysphagia oral training mask and oral training apparatus using same |
| JP2016510620A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-11 | マイオロフェイス・アクチボラゲットＭＹｏｒｏｆａｃｅ ＡＢ | A device for training the muscles of the face, lips and throat |
| JP2017209382A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-11-30 | 株式会社松風 | Orbicularis oris muscle training tool |
| JP2018126265A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2018-08-16 | 株式会社Ｎｅｗ Ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ Ｊａｐａｎ | Deglutition function training apparatus |
| JP2019025135A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-21 | 株式会社パタカラ | Oral cavity insertion instrument |
| CN111163724A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2020-05-15 | 克里斯托弗·约翰·法雷尔 | Oral training device |
| JP6933783B1 (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-09-08 | 泰三 中沖 | Oral vagal nerve stimulator and how to use it |
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| JP2018126265A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2018-08-16 | 株式会社Ｎｅｗ Ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ Ｊａｐａｎ | Deglutition function training apparatus |
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| CN111163724A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2020-05-15 | 克里斯托弗·约翰·法雷尔 | Oral training device |
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| JP7296370B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2023-06-22 | ジョン ファレル クリストファー | oral training equipment |
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