JP2013111581A - Joined body, vehicle constituted of the joined body, and method for manufacturing the joined body - Google Patents

Joined body, vehicle constituted of the joined body, and method for manufacturing the joined body Download PDF

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JP2013111581A
JP2013111581A JP2011256783A JP2011256783A JP2013111581A JP 2013111581 A JP2013111581 A JP 2013111581A JP 2011256783 A JP2011256783 A JP 2011256783A JP 2011256783 A JP2011256783 A JP 2011256783A JP 2013111581 A JP2013111581 A JP 2013111581A
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joined
welding
joined body
double skin
hole
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JP5871586B2 (en
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Kenji Ishihara
賢二 石原
Ryosuke Murai
亮介 村井
Kosaku Murase
耕作 村瀬
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joined body capable of reducing welding deformation and improving the strength of welding parts, a vehicle constituted of the joined body, and a method for manufacturing the joined body.SOLUTION: The joined body 1 includes joined members 20, 30 made integral by forming welding parts 80 along a welding line 81 between the bonding members 20, 30. The welding parts 80 are provided in a plurality of numbers with an interval therebetween along the welding line 81. Holes opened in surfaces where the welding parts 80 are formed straddling the joined members 20, 30 between the welding parts 80.

Description

本発明は、溶接により接合される接合体及び接合体からなる車両、接合体の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a joined body joined by welding, a vehicle including the joined body, and a method for manufacturing the joined body.

例えば軌道車両の車体フレームのような接合体は、一般的に、屋根構体と、互いに向かい合う一対の側構体と、床構体と、互いに向かい合う一対の妻構体等の被接合部材を相互に接合して製造される。
このような車体フレームの各構体を、ダブルスキン板により製作する技術が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 For example, a joined body such as a body frame of a railcar is generally formed by joining members to be joined such as a roof structure, a pair of side structures facing each other, a floor structure, and a pair of wife structures facing each other. Manufactured.
A technique for manufacturing each structure of such a vehicle body frame with a double skin plate is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

ダブルスキン板は、アルミ合金などの押し出し型材であり、２枚の板の間に斜めのリブが設けられたトラス状の断面を持つ。車体フレームの各構体は、このような複数のダブルスキン板を車体の長手方向に沿って溶接することにより製作される。   The double skin plate is an extruded mold material such as an aluminum alloy, and has a truss-like cross section in which an oblique rib is provided between two plates. Each structure of the vehicle body frame is manufactured by welding a plurality of such double skin plates along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

ここで、アルミ合金を溶接する場合には、鉄を溶接する場合の約３倍の溶接変形が生じ、これに起因した歪みが発生する。特に、車両等の大型構造物においては、溶接量が多くなるため、当該歪みは顕著なものとなる。そのため、溶接後の加熱による歪みの除去や、表面へのパテの塗装によって、車両の外観上の平面度の確保をしていた。   Here, when welding an aluminum alloy, a welding deformation about three times as much as that in the case of welding iron occurs, and distortion resulting from this occurs. In particular, in a large structure such as a vehicle, the amount of welding increases, so that the distortion becomes significant. Therefore, the flatness on the appearance of the vehicle has been ensured by removing distortion due to heating after welding and painting the putty on the surface.

特許第４４２７２４２号公報Japanese Patent No. 4427242

しかしながら、例えば塗料削減のために無塗装仕上げを要求される場合など、表面に塗装ができない場合には、歪み取りのために加熱を施すと、表面に焼き跡が残存するため、加熱による歪み取りも行うことができない。
一方、溶接量を低減させることで溶接変形を抑制することも考えられるが、この場合、溶接部の強度の低下が問題となる。 However, if the surface cannot be painted, such as when a non-finished finish is required to reduce paint, for example, if heat is applied to remove distortion, burn marks remain on the surface. Can not even do.
On the other hand, it is conceivable to suppress welding deformation by reducing the amount of welding.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであって、溶接変形を低減させるとともに溶接部の強度の向上を図ることが可能な接合体及び接合体からなる車両、接合体の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is capable of reducing welding deformation and improving the strength of a welded portion, a vehicle including the joined body, and a method for manufacturing the joined body. The purpose is to provide.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下の手段を提案している。
本発明に係る接合体は、被接合部材同士が該被接合部材間の接合線に沿って溶接部が形成されて一体とされた接合体であって、前記溶接部は前記接合線に沿って、互いに間隔を有して複数設けられ、前記溶接部同士の間には、前記被接合部材に跨るようにして、前記溶接部が形成される表面に開口する穴が形成されていることを特徴としている。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The joined body according to the present invention is a joined body in which welded portions are formed along the joining line between the joined members, and the welded portion is integrated along the joining line. A plurality of holes are provided at intervals, and a hole is formed between the welded portions so as to straddle the member to be joined so as to open on the surface where the welded portion is formed. It is said.

このような接合体によれば、溶接部は断続的に形成されることになるため、接合線全体を溶接する場合に比べて溶接部の量を少なくすることができる。また、溶接部同士の間の穴によって溶接の連続性が断たれるため、溶接による残留応力が開放される。   According to such a joined body, since the welded portion is formed intermittently, the amount of the welded portion can be reduced as compared with the case where the entire joint line is welded. Moreover, since the continuity of welding is interrupted by the holes between the welded portions, the residual stress due to welding is released.

上記接合体は、前記溶接部の端部に、前記穴が形成されていることが好ましい。   In the joined body, it is preferable that the hole is formed at an end portion of the welded portion.

この構成によれば、凹凸の多い溶接部の端部に穴を形成することにより、溶接部の端部の形状を滑らかにすることができる。また、ピンホール等の溶接欠陥が生じやすい溶接部の端部を除去することができる。従って、溶接部の端部への応力集中を防ぐことができ、溶接部の強度の向上を図ることが可能となる。   According to this structure, the shape of the edge part of a welding part can be made smooth by forming a hole in the edge part of a welding part with many unevenness | corrugations. Moreover, the edge part of the welding part which tends to produce welding defects, such as a pinhole, can be removed. Therefore, stress concentration at the end of the welded portion can be prevented, and the strength of the welded portion can be improved.

さらに、上記の接合体においては、前記穴の直径は、前記溶接部の幅より大きいことが好ましい。   Furthermore, in the above joined body, the diameter of the hole is preferably larger than the width of the welded portion.

この構成によれば、溶接部の端部を溶接部の幅より大きい穴により除去できる。従って、溶接部の全幅にわたって溶接部の端部の形状を滑らかにすることができ、溶接部の端部を確実に除去することができる。これにより、確実に溶接部の強度の向上を図ることができる。   According to this structure, the edge part of a welding part can be removed by the hole larger than the width | variety of a welding part. Therefore, the shape of the end of the welded portion can be smoothed over the entire width of the welded portion, and the end of the welded portion can be reliably removed. Thereby, the intensity | strength of a welding part can be improved reliably.

また、上記接合体においては、互いに向かい合う一対の主板及び該主板同士を連結するリブを有するダブルスキン板と、該ダブルスキン板の互いに対応する主板同士を連結する連結部材とを備え、前記主板と前記連結部材、又は、前記主板同士が前記被接合部材として接合されていることを特徴としている。   The joined body includes a pair of main plates facing each other and a double skin plate having a rib for connecting the main plates to each other, and a connecting member for connecting the main plates corresponding to each other of the double skin plate, The connecting member or the main plates are joined as the joined members.

この構成によれば、ダブルスキン板の接合においても、上記同様の作用効果を奏することができる。また、強度の高いダブルスキン板の溶接歪みの矯正にかかる多大な工程を低減することができる。   According to this configuration, the same operational effects as described above can be achieved also in joining the double skin plates. In addition, it is possible to reduce a great number of steps for correcting the welding distortion of the high-strength double skin plate.

さらに本発明に係る車両は、上記いずれかの接合体からなる車体フレームを備えることを特徴としている。   Furthermore, the vehicle according to the present invention is characterized by including a vehicle body frame formed of any one of the above-described joined bodies.

このような車両によれば、上記接合体からなるため上記同様の作用効果を奏することができる。また、車両の外観を維持するための塗装工程を削減することができ、安全上必要な車体の強度を確実に得ることができる。   According to such a vehicle, since it consists of the said conjugate | zygote, there can exist an effect similar to the above. Moreover, the painting process for maintaining the appearance of the vehicle can be reduced, and the strength of the vehicle body necessary for safety can be obtained with certainty.

また、本発明に係る接合体の製造方法は、被接合部材同士が該被接合部材間の接合線に沿って溶接して一体とされた接合体の製造方法であって、前記接合線に沿って、間隔をあけて溶接することで複数の溶接部を形成する溶接工程と、これら溶接部の端部に前記溶接部が形成される表面に開口する穴が形成されている穴形成工程とを備えることを特徴としている。     Moreover, the manufacturing method of the joined body which concerns on this invention is a manufacturing method of the joined body by which the to-be-joined members welded along the joining line between these to-be-joined members, and was along the said joining line. A welding process in which a plurality of welds are formed by welding at intervals, and a hole forming process in which holes that open to the surface where the welds are formed are formed at the ends of the welds. It is characterized by providing.

この構成によれば、溶接部が間隔をあけて形成されるため、溶接量を少なくすることができる。また、溶接部の端部に、溶接部が形成される表面に開口する穴を形成するため、溶接部の端部の形状を滑らかにすることができる。また、ピンホール等の溶接欠陥が生じやすい溶接部の端部を除去することができる。従って、溶接部の強度の向上を図ることができる。また、溶接部の端部への応力集中を防ぐことができるため、溶接変形を低減させることが可能となる。     According to this structure, since a welding part is formed at intervals, a welding amount can be decreased. Moreover, since the hole opened on the surface where the welded portion is formed is formed at the end of the welded portion, the shape of the end of the welded portion can be made smooth. Moreover, the edge part of the welding part which tends to produce welding defects, such as a pinhole, can be removed. Therefore, the strength of the welded portion can be improved. In addition, since stress concentration on the end of the welded portion can be prevented, welding deformation can be reduced.

一方、本発明に係る製造方法は、被接合材同士が該被接合部材間の接合線に沿って溶接して一体とする接合体の製造方法であって、接合線に沿って連続的に溶接する溶接工程と、前記溶接工程において溶接された部分に、該溶接された部分が形成される表面に開口する穴を互いに間隔をあけて複数形成する穴形成工程とを備えるものであってもよい。   On the other hand, the manufacturing method according to the present invention is a manufacturing method of a joined body in which bonded materials are welded and integrated along a bonding line between the bonded members, and continuously welded along the bonding line. And a hole forming step of forming a plurality of holes opened in the surface where the welded portion is formed at a distance from each other in the welded step in the welding step. .

この構成によれば、接合線に沿って連続的に溶接した後に、溶接線を断つように穴を形成するため、溶接による残留応力を開放することができる。また、断続的に存在する複数の溶接部は、断続溶接と比べて、各溶接部の端部が滑らかであるため、溶接部の端部への応力集中を低減することができる。これにより、溶接変形を抑制することが可能となる。   According to this structure, after welding continuously along a joining line, since a hole is formed so that a welding line may be cut | disconnected, the residual stress by welding can be open | released. Moreover, since the edge part of each welding part is smooth compared with intermittent welding, the several weld part which exists intermittently can reduce the stress concentration to the edge part of a welding part. Thereby, welding deformation can be suppressed.

また、本発明に係る製造方法は、上記いずれかの製造方法において、互い向かい合う一対の主板及び該主板同士を連結するリブを有するダブルスキン板と、該ダブルスキン板の互いに対応する主板同士を連結する連結部材とを備え、前記主板と前記連結部材、又は、前記主板同士が前記被接合部材として接合されていることを特徴している。   Further, the manufacturing method according to the present invention is the manufacturing method according to any one of the above-described methods, wherein the double skin plate having a pair of main plates facing each other and a rib connecting the main plates is connected to the main plates corresponding to each other of the double skin plates. The main plate and the connecting member, or the main plates are joined as the member to be joined.

この構成によれば、車両の構体に用いられるダブルスキン板の接合においても、上記の作用効果を奏することができる。また、強度の高いダブルスキン板の溶接歪みの矯正にかかる多大な工程を低減することができる。   According to this configuration, the above-described effects can be achieved even in the joining of the double skin plate used in the vehicle structure. In addition, it is possible to reduce a great number of steps for correcting the welding distortion of the high-strength double skin plate.

本発明の接合体及び接合体による車両、接合体の製造方法によれば、溶接部の量を少なくすることができるため溶接変形を低減させることができ、また、穴を形成したことにより溶接による残留応力が開放されるため溶接部の強度の向上を図ることが可能となる。   According to the joined body of the present invention, the vehicle using the joined body, and the manufacturing method of the joined body, the welding deformation can be reduced because the amount of the welded portion can be reduced. Since the residual stress is released, the strength of the welded portion can be improved.

本発明に係る車両の長手方向に直交する断面図である。It is sectional drawing orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle which concerns on this invention. 図１の部分拡大図であって側構体の詳細を示す図である。It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. 1, and is a figure which shows the detail of a side structure. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る接合体において、溶接部の詳細を示す図２のＡ矢視図である。In the joined body concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention, it is an A arrow line view of Drawing 2 showing details of a welding part. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る接合体１の製造手順を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the manufacture procedure of joined object 1 concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る接合体１の製造手順を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the manufacture procedure of zygote 1 concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

以下、本発明に係る実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る車両の断面図である。図１に示すように、本実施形態の車両は、内部に乗客が収容される空間を備えた略兆直方体箱型をなす車体フレーム１００を備えている。
この車体フレーム１００は、それぞれ被接合体を溶接してなる接合体１である屋根構体１０１、一対の側構体１０２、床構体１０３及び図示しない一対の妻構体の計６つの部位を備えている。 Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle according to the present embodiment includes a body frame 100 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape having a space in which a passenger is accommodated.
The vehicle body frame 100 includes a total of six parts including a roof structure 101, a pair of side structures 102, a floor structure 103, and a pair of wife structures (not shown), each of which is a joined body 1 formed by welding the members to be joined.

屋根構体１０１は、車体フレーム１００の屋根を構成する部位であって、水平面に平行をなして車両の長手方向に延在する板状をなしている。
一対の側構体１０２は、車体フレーム１００の側壁を構成する部位であって、延直面に平行をなして車両の長手方向に延在する板状をなしている。これら側構体１０２の上縁は、屋根構体１０１の幅方向両側にそれぞれ接合されており、これによって一対の側構体１０２は車両の幅方向に互いに対向状態とされている。 The roof structure 101 is a part constituting the roof of the vehicle body frame 100, and has a plate shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in parallel to the horizontal plane.
The pair of side structures 102 is a part constituting the side wall of the vehicle body frame 100 and has a plate shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in parallel with the extending face. The upper edges of these side structures 102 are joined to both sides in the width direction of the roof structure 101, whereby the pair of side structures 102 are opposed to each other in the width direction of the vehicle.

床構体１０１は車体フレーム１００の床を構成する部位であって、屋根構体１０１と平行をなして車体フレーム１００の長手方向に延在する板状をなしている。床構体１０３における車両の幅方向両側は、それぞれ一対の側構体１０２の下縁と接合されている。
そして、一対の妻構体は、車両の進行方向前後の壁部を構成する部位であって、車両の進行方向に直交する方向に延在する板状をなしている。これら妻構体は、車両の進行方向両側において、これら屋根構体１０１、一対の側構体１０２及び床構体１０３にそれぞれ接合されている。
これによって、屋根構体１０１、一対の側構体１０２、床構体１０３及び一対の妻構体に囲まれた内側に一定の空間が形成されている。 The floor structure 101 is a part constituting the floor of the body frame 100 and has a plate shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the body frame 100 in parallel with the roof structure 101. Both sides in the width direction of the vehicle in the floor structure 103 are respectively joined to the lower edges of the pair of side structures 102.
And a pair of wife structure is the site | part which comprises the wall part before and behind the advancing direction of a vehicle, Comprising: It has comprised the plate shape extended in the direction orthogonal to the advancing direction of a vehicle. These wife structures are joined to the roof structure 101, the pair of side structures 102, and the floor structure 103, respectively, on both sides in the traveling direction of the vehicle.
Thus, a certain space is formed inside the roof structure 101, the pair of side structures 102, the floor structure 103, and the pair of wife structures.

屋根構体１０１や側構体１０２は、車両の長手方向に延びる複数のダブルスキン板を、これらダブルスキン板の幅方向、即ち、車体フレーム１００の周方向に突き合わせ、これによって形成される接合線に沿って溶接が行われることで形成されている。   The roof structure 101 and the side structure 102 butt a plurality of double skin plates extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the width direction of these double skin plates, that is, in the circumferential direction of the vehicle body frame 100, and along a joining line formed thereby. It is formed by welding.

図２は、図１の部分拡大図であって側構体の詳細を示す図である。
側構体１０２は、被接合部材である第一ダブルスキン板２０と第二ダブルスキン板３０と連結部材４０とを互いに溶接することによって構成された接合体である。 FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 showing details of the side structure.
The side structure 102 is a joined body formed by welding the first double skin plate 20, the second double skin plate 30, and the connecting member 40, which are members to be joined.

これら第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０は、互いにその幅方向の端部において直接的に、又は、連結部材４０を介して間接的に接合されている。   The first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 are joined directly to each other at an end portion in the width direction or indirectly via a connecting member 40.

第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０は、互いに向かい合う一対の主板２３と、該主板２３を連結する複数のリブ５２と、を有する。
一対の主板２３は、車体フレーム１００の内外に互い対向するように配置されており、これら一対の主板２３の一方は車体フレームの周方向の寸法を長尺である長主板２１、３１とされ、他方は当該寸法が短尺である短主板２２、３２とされている。 The first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 have a pair of main plates 23 facing each other and a plurality of ribs 52 that connect the main plates 23.
The pair of main plates 23 are arranged so as to face each other inside and outside the body frame 100, and one of the pair of main plates 23 is formed as long main plates 21 and 31 having a long dimension in the circumferential direction of the body frame, The other is the short main plates 22 and 32 whose dimensions are short.

複数のリブ５２は、長主板２１、３１とこれらに対応する短主板２２、３２とを連結しており、垂直リブ５０と、斜めリブ５１とを有している。
垂直リブ５０は、長主板２１、３１及び短主板２２、３２の延在方向に対し垂直をなすように配置され、長主板２１、３１及び短主板２２、３２の延在方向をこれらの幅方向中央部で連結している。
斜めリブ５１は、長主板２１、３１及び短主板２２、３２の延在方向に対し傾斜するように配置され、一端が短主板２２、３２の幅方向端部に接続されるとともに、他端が長主板２１、３１における幅方向端部からの一定の間隔をあけた所定位置に接続されている。 The plurality of ribs 52 connect the long main plates 21 and 31 and the corresponding short main plates 22 and 32, and have vertical ribs 50 and oblique ribs 51.
The vertical ribs 50 are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the extending directions of the long main plates 21 and 31 and the short main plates 22 and 32, and the extending directions of the long main plates 21 and 31 and the short main plates 22 and 32 are the width directions thereof. Connected at the center.
The oblique rib 51 is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the extending direction of the long main plates 21 and 31 and the short main plates 22 and 32, and one end is connected to the width direction end of the short main plates 22 and 32 and the other end is connected. The long main plates 21 and 31 are connected to predetermined positions spaced apart from the end portions in the width direction.

このような第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０は、長主板２１、３１の幅方向端部において車両進行方向にわたって互いに溶接されることで接合されており、これによって長主板２１、３１間に形成される車両進行方向に延びるラインが接合縁７０とされている。   The first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 are joined by being welded to each other in the vehicle traveling direction at the end portions in the width direction of the long main plates 21, 31. A line formed in the vehicle traveling direction between 31 is defined as a joining edge 70.

連結部材４０は、上記のように接合縁７０を形成するように配置された第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０の短主板２２、３２同士を連結する。この連結部材４０は、長主板２１、３１及び短主板２２、３２と平行に配置される板状をなしており、幅方向の一端が第一ダブルスキン板２０の短主板２２の幅方向端部に接続されるとともに、他端が第二ダブルスキン板３０の短主板２２の幅方向端部に接続されている。これによって、連結部材４０は、上記接合縁７０に対向するように、第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０にわたって設けられている。   The connecting member 40 connects the short main plates 22 and 32 of the first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 arranged so as to form the joining edge 70 as described above. The connecting member 40 has a plate shape arranged in parallel with the long main plates 21 and 31 and the short main plates 22 and 32, and one end in the width direction is an end portion in the width direction of the short main plate 22 of the first double skin plate 20. And the other end is connected to the width direction end of the short main plate 22 of the second double skin plate 30. Accordingly, the connecting member 40 is provided over the first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 so as to face the joint edge 70.

なお、本実施形態では、短主板２２、３２における幅方向の両端部には、連結部材４０の厚さ寸法と略同一の深さを有する凹所からなる継手部６０が形成されている。そして、この継手部６０に連結部材４０の幅方向端部が突き合わせられている。これによって、短主板２２、３２と連結部材４０との間に、車両の進行方向にわたって延びるラインである接合線８１が形成されている。そして、このような該接合線８１に沿って溶接部８０が形成されている。   In the present embodiment, joint portions 60 made of recesses having substantially the same depth as the thickness dimension of the connecting member 40 are formed at both ends in the width direction of the short main plates 22 and 32. And the edge part of the width direction of the connection member 40 is faced | matched by this joint part 60. FIG. Thus, a joining line 81 that is a line extending in the traveling direction of the vehicle is formed between the short main plates 22 and 32 and the connecting member 40. A weld 80 is formed along the joining line 81.

図３は、第１実施形態の接合体１の溶接部８０、即ち、上述した短い主板２２、３２と連結部材４０との間の溶接部８０を示した図である。図３に示すように、溶接部８０は、接合線８１に沿って互いに間隔をあけて複数設けられており、即ち、接合縁８１の延在方向に沿って間欠的に複数設けられている。また、各短主板２２、３２と連結部材４０に跨るように、溶接部８０が形成される表面に開口する穴８２が形成されている。   FIG. 3 is a view showing the welded portion 80 of the joined body 1 of the first embodiment, that is, the welded portion 80 between the short main plates 22 and 32 and the connecting member 40 described above. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of welds 80 are provided at intervals along the joining line 81, that is, a plurality of welds 80 are provided intermittently along the extending direction of the joining edge 81. Moreover, the hole 82 opened to the surface in which the welding part 80 is formed is formed so that each short main board 22 and 32 and the connection member 40 may be straddled.

次に、以上で説明した接合体１の製造手順について説明する。
図４は、接合体１の製造手順を説明する図である。本実施形態における製造方法においては、第一ダブルスキン板２０、第二ダブルスキン板３０及び連結部材４０を準備する準備工程と、第一ダブルスキン板２０と第二ダブルスキン板３０とを溶接により接合する第一溶接工程と、第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０と、連結部材４０との接合線８１に沿って溶接部８０を形成する第二溶接工程と、溶接部８０の端部に穴８２を形成する穴形成工程と、を実行する。 Next, the manufacturing procedure of the joined body 1 described above will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the manufacturing procedure of the joined body 1. In the manufacturing method in this embodiment, the first double skin plate 20, the second double skin plate 30, and the connecting member 40 are prepared, and the first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 are welded together. A first welding step for joining, a second welding step for forming a welded portion 80 along a joining line 81 between the first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30, and the connecting member 40; And a hole forming step of forming the hole 82 at the end.

準備工程では、第一ダブルスキン板２０と第二ダブルスキン板３０の断面形状に対応した孔が形成されており、各ダブルスキン板の短主板２２、３２の両端部に連結部材４０の厚さ寸法と略同一の深さを有する凹部が形成されるような型から、例えば、加熱により軟化しているアルミ合金を押出して、第一ダブルスキン板２０と第二ダブルスキン板３０を製造する。また、連結部材４０を、各ダブルスキン板の互いの長主板２１、３１の接合縁７０を突き合わせて接合させた際に、各ダブルスキン板の短主板２２、３２の凹部に突き合わせることができる長さに、例えばアルミ合金により、製造する。   In the preparation step, holes corresponding to the cross-sectional shapes of the first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 are formed, and the thickness of the connecting member 40 is formed at both ends of the short main plates 22 and 32 of each double skin plate. The first double skin plate 20 and the second double skin plate 30 are manufactured by extruding, for example, an aluminum alloy softened by heating from a mold in which a recess having a depth substantially the same as the dimension is formed. Further, when the connecting member 40 is joined by abutting the joining edges 70 of the long main plates 21 and 31 of the double skin plates, it can be abutted against the recesses of the short main plates 22 and 32 of the double skin plates. The length is manufactured, for example, by an aluminum alloy.

次に、第一溶接工程を実行する。この第一溶接工程では、まず、各ダブルスキン板の長主板２１、３１の接合縁７０同士を突き合わせる。そして、突き合わせ部を溶接により接合する。溶接は、例えば摩擦攪拌接合により行う。   Next, a 1st welding process is performed. In this first welding process, first, the joining edges 70 of the long main plates 21 and 31 of the double skin plates are butted together. And a butt | matching part is joined by welding. Welding is performed, for example, by friction stir welding.

次に、連結部材４０を第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０に溶接により接合する第二溶接工程を実行する。この第二溶接工程では、まず連結部材４０を、第一溶接工程で接合された各ダブルスキン板２０，３０の短主板２２、３２間に配する。次に、短主板２２、３２のそれぞれの継手部６０に、連結部材４０の端部を突き合わせるように配し、接合線８１を形成する（図４（a））。そして、接合線８１に沿って、一定間隔をあけて断続的に突き合わせ溶接するいわゆる断続溶接を行い、複数の溶接部８０を形成する（図４（ｂ））。   Next, the 2nd welding process which joins the connection member 40 to the 1st double skin board 20 and the 2nd double skin board 30 by welding is performed. In the second welding process, first, the connecting member 40 is disposed between the short main plates 22 and 32 of the double skin plates 20 and 30 joined in the first welding process. Next, it arrange | positions so that the edge part of the connection member 40 may be faced | matched to each joint part 60 of the short main plates 22 and 32, and the joining line 81 is formed (FIG. 4 (a)). And what is called intermittent welding which performs butt welding intermittently at regular intervals along the joining line 81 is performed, and the some welding part 80 is formed (FIG.4 (b)).

次に、前記溶接部８０の端部に穴８２を形成する穴形成工程を実行する。この穴形成工程では、接合線８１に沿って断続的に形成された複数の溶接部８０のそれぞれの端部に穴８２を形成する（図４（ｃ））。穴８２の形成は、溶接部８０が形成される表面に開口するように、例えばドリルや薬品などを用いて行う。   Next, a hole forming step for forming a hole 82 at the end of the welded portion 80 is performed. In this hole forming step, a hole 82 is formed at each end of the plurality of welds 80 formed intermittently along the joining line 81 (FIG. 4C). The hole 82 is formed using, for example, a drill or a chemical so as to open on the surface where the weld 80 is formed.

以上で、第一ダブルスキン板２０、第二ダブルスキン板３０、連結部材４０の接合が終了し、接合体１としての側構体１０２の溶接が完成する。   Thus, the joining of the first double skin plate 20, the second double skin plate 30, and the connecting member 40 is completed, and the welding of the side structure 102 as the joined body 1 is completed.

以上のように、本実施形態の接合体１は、各ダブルスキン板と連結部材４０の溶接部８０が、接合線８１に沿って互いに間隔を有して複数設けられている。これにより、接合線８１全体を溶接する場合に比べ、溶接部８０を少なくすることができるため、溶接変形を低減することが可能となる。また、各溶接部８０の端部には、溶接部８０が形成される表面に開口する穴８２が形成されているため、当該穴８２によって残留応力が開放され、溶接変形の低減が図ることができる。また、凹凸が多く、ピンホール等の溶接欠陥が生じやすい溶接部８０の端部に形成された穴８２により、溶接部８０の端部が除去され、溶接部８０の端部の形状が滑らかになる。これにより、溶接部８０の端部への応力集中を防ぐことができ、溶接部８０の強度の低下を防ぐことができる。   As described above, in the joined body 1 of the present embodiment, a plurality of the double skin plates and the welded portions 80 of the connecting members 40 are provided along the joining line 81 with a space therebetween. Thereby, compared with the case where the whole joining line 81 is welded, since the welding part 80 can be decreased, it becomes possible to reduce welding deformation. Moreover, since the hole 82 opened to the surface in which the welding part 80 is formed is formed in the edge part of each welding part 80, the residual stress is open | released by the said hole 82, and reduction of welding deformation can be aimed at. it can. Further, the end portion of the welded portion 80 is removed by the hole 82 formed at the end portion of the welded portion 80 where there are many irregularities and weld defects such as pinholes are likely to occur, and the shape of the end portion of the welded portion 80 is smooth. Become. Thereby, the stress concentration to the edge part of the welding part 80 can be prevented, and the fall of the intensity | strength of the welding part 80 can be prevented.

また、本実施形態では、溶接部８０の疲労強度の低下を確実に防ぐために、穴８２の直径を、溶接部８０の幅より大きくすることが望ましい。これにより、溶接部８０の全幅に亘って溶接部８０の端部の形状を滑らかにすることができ、溶接部８０の端部を確実に除去することができ、確実に溶接部８０の強度の向上を図ることができる。   In the present embodiment, it is desirable to make the diameter of the hole 82 larger than the width of the welded portion 80 in order to reliably prevent the fatigue strength of the welded portion 80 from decreasing. Thereby, the shape of the edge part of the welding part 80 can be made smooth over the full width of the welding part 80, the edge part of the welding part 80 can be removed reliably, and the intensity | strength of the welding part 80 is ensured. Improvements can be made.

なお、穴８２の断面形状は、多角形でも円形でも良いが、円形であることが望ましい。穴８２を円形断面にすることにより、溶接部８０の端部の形状が円弧になり、応力が均等に分散されるため、応力集中を防ぐことができる。   The cross-sectional shape of the hole 82 may be polygonal or circular, but is preferably circular. By making the hole 82 into a circular cross section, the shape of the end of the weld 80 becomes an arc and the stress is evenly distributed, so that stress concentration can be prevented.

また、穴８２は、連結部材４０側からドリルなどにより形成されるが、各ダブルスキン板２０，３０の短主板２２、３２まで貫通している必要はなく、溶接部８０が除去できる深さまで穴８２が形成されていれば良い。   The hole 82 is formed by a drill or the like from the connecting member 40 side, but does not need to penetrate through the short main plates 22 and 32 of the double skin plates 20 and 30, and the hole 82 has a depth that allows the weld 80 to be removed. 82 may be formed.

次に、第２実施形態について説明する。この第２実施形態においては、第１実施形態と同様の構成要素については同様の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。第２実施形態では、接合体１の製造方法における第二溶接工程及び穴形成工程について第１実施形態とは相違する。   Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In 2nd Embodiment, it differs from 1st Embodiment about the 2nd welding process and the hole formation process in the manufacturing method of the joined body 1. FIG.

図５は、第２実施形態の接合体１の製造手順を説明する図である。本実施形態では、第二溶接工程において、まず、連結部材４０を、第一溶接工程で接合された各ダブルスキン板２０，３０の短主板２２、３２間に配する。次に、短主板２２、３２のそれぞれの継手部６０に、連結部材４０の端部を突き合わせるように配し、接合線８１を形成する（図５（a））。そして、接合線８１に沿って連続的に溶接を行う（図５（ｂ））。なお、ここでの溶接は、摩擦攪拌接合であっても良い。（図４（a））。   FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing procedure of the joined body 1 according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the second welding step, first, the connecting member 40 is disposed between the short main plates 22 and 32 of the double skin plates 20 and 30 joined in the first welding step. Next, it arrange | positions so that the edge part of the connection member 40 may be faced | matched to each joint part 60 of the short main plates 22 and 32, and the joining line 81 is formed (FIG. 5 (a)). And it welds continuously along the joining line 81 (FIG.5 (b)). The welding here may be friction stir welding. (FIG. 4 (a)).

次に、前記溶接部８０の端部に穴８２を形成する穴形成工程を実行する。   Next, a hole forming step for forming a hole 82 at the end of the welded portion 80 is performed.

連続的に形成された溶接された部分に、一定の間隔をあけて複数の穴８２を形成する（図５（ｃ））。穴８２は、溶接された部分が形成される表面に開口するように形成する。穴８２は、例えば、ドリルや薬品により形成する。   A plurality of holes 82 are formed at regular intervals in the welded portions formed continuously (FIG. 5C). The hole 82 is formed so as to open to the surface where the welded portion is formed. The hole 82 is formed by, for example, a drill or a chemical.

この構成によれば、接合線８１に沿って連続的に溶接した後に、溶接線を断つように穴８２を形成するため、溶接による残留応力を開放することができる。したがって、残留応力により発生する溶接変形を低減することができる。   According to this configuration, since the hole 82 is formed so as to cut the weld line after continuous welding along the joining line 81, the residual stress due to welding can be released. Therefore, welding deformation caused by residual stress can be reduced.

また、穴８２により分断された溶接された部分は、端部が穴８２により滑らかにされているため、断続的に溶接した場合に比べ、強度が高くなり、溶接変形を防ぐことができる。   In addition, since the welded portion divided by the hole 82 is smoothed at the end by the hole 82, the strength is higher than when intermittently welded, and welding deformation can be prevented.

また、穴８２が形成された部分は他の溶接された部分に比べ強度が弱いため、曲げが容易になる。したがって、溶接変形が生じた場合も、容易に矯正することができる。   In addition, since the portion where the hole 82 is formed is weaker than other welded portions, bending is facilitated. Therefore, even when welding deformation occurs, it can be easily corrected.

なお、本実施形態では、第一ダブルスキン板２０及び第二ダブルスキン板３０と、連結部材４０の両方の溶接された部分に、穴８２を形成したが、どちらか一方に穴を形成するものであっても構わない。   In addition, in this embodiment, although the hole 82 was formed in the welded part of both the 1st double skin board 20 and the 2nd double skin board 30, and the connection member 40, a hole is formed in either one. It does not matter.

また、本実施形態では、第１実施形態と同様、溶接部８０の疲労強度の低下を確実に防ぐために、穴８２の直径を、溶接部８０の幅より大きくすることが望ましい。また、穴８２の断面形状は、多角形でも円形でも良いが、円形であることが望ましい。穴８２は、連結部材４０側からドリルなどにより形成されるが、ダブルスキン板の短主板２２、３２まだ貫通している必要はなく、溶接部８０が除去できる深さまで穴８２が形成されていれば良い。それぞれの作用効果は、上記第１実施形態の説明で述べたものと同様である。   In the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, it is desirable to make the diameter of the hole 82 larger than the width of the welded portion 80 in order to reliably prevent the fatigue strength of the welded portion 80 from decreasing. The cross-sectional shape of the hole 82 may be polygonal or circular, but is preferably circular. The hole 82 is formed by a drill or the like from the connecting member 40 side, but it is not necessary to penetrate the short main plates 22 and 32 of the double skin plate, and the hole 82 is formed to a depth where the weld 80 can be removed. It ’s fine. The respective functions and effects are the same as those described in the description of the first embodiment.

以上、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、具体的な構成はこの実施形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更も含まれる。
例えば、実施形態では接合体１として車両フレーム１００の側構体１０２の溶接について説明したが、屋根構体、床構体及び妻構体それぞれの溶接についても本発明を適用することができる。また、ダブルスキン板の溶接に限らず、被接合部材の溶接によって製造させる接合体であれば、特に限定はない。 As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the concrete structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The design change of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention is also included.
For example, in the embodiment, the welding of the side structure 102 of the vehicle frame 100 as the joined body 1 has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to the welding of the roof structure, the floor structure, and the end structure. Moreover, there is no limitation in particular if it is a joined body manufactured not only by welding of a double skin board but by welding of a to-be-joined member.

１ 接合体
２０、３０ 第一ダブルスキン板、第二ダブルスキン板（被接合部材）
２１、３１ 長主板
２２、３２ 短主板
４０ 連結部材（被接合部材）
８０ 溶接部
８１ 接合線
８２ 穴
１００ 車体フレーム 1 joined body 20, 30 first double skin plate, second double skin plate (member to be joined)
21, 31 Long main plate 22, 32 Short main plate 40 Connecting member (joined member)
80 welded part 81 joint line 82 hole 100 body frame

Claims (8)

被接合部材同士が該被接合部材間の接合線に沿って溶接部が形成されて一体とされた接合体であって、
前記溶接部は前記接合線に沿って、互いに間隔をあけて複数設けられ、
前記溶接部同士の間には、前記被接合部材に跨るようにして、前記溶接部が形成される表面に開口する穴が形成されていることを特徴とする接合体。 A joined body in which welded parts are formed along the joining line between the joined members, and the joined members are integrated,
A plurality of the welds are provided at intervals along the joining line,
Between the said weld parts, the hole opened on the surface in which the said weld part is formed is formed so that it may straddle the said to-be-joined member, The joined body characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項１に記載の接合体において、
前記溶接部の端部に、前記穴が形成されていることを特徴とする接合体。 The joined body according to claim 1,
The joined body, wherein the hole is formed at an end of the welded portion. 請求項１又は２の接合体において、
前記穴の直径は、前記溶接部の幅より大きいことを特徴とする接合体。 The joined body according to claim 1 or 2,
The joined body characterized in that a diameter of the hole is larger than a width of the welded portion. 請求項１から３に記載の接合体において、
互い向かい合う一対の主板及び該主板同士を連結するリブを有するダブルスキン板と、該ダブルスキン板の互いに対応する主板同士を連結する連結部材とを備え、
前記主板と前記連結部材、又は、前記主板同士が前記被接合部材として接合されていることを特徴とする接合体。 In the joined body according to claim 1,
A double skin plate having a pair of main plates facing each other and a rib for connecting the main plates, and a connecting member for connecting the main plates corresponding to each other of the double skin plate,
The joined body, wherein the main plate and the connecting member, or the main plates are joined as the joined members. 請求項１から４のいずれか一に記載の接合体からなる車体フレームを備えることを特徴とする車両。   A vehicle comprising a vehicle body frame comprising the joined body according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 被接合部材同士が該被接合部材間の接合線に沿って溶接して一体とされた接合体の製造方法であって、
前記接合線に沿って、間隔をあけて溶接することで複数の溶接部を形成する溶接工程と、
これら溶接部の端部に前記溶接部が形成される表面に開口する穴を形成する穴形成工程とを備えることを特徴とする接合体の製造方法。 A method for manufacturing a joined body in which members to be joined are welded together along a joining line between the members to be joined,
A welding process for forming a plurality of welds by welding at intervals along the joining line;
And a hole forming step of forming a hole opening at a surface where the weld is formed at an end of the weld. 被接合材同士が該被接合部材間の接合線に沿って溶接して一体とする接合体の製造方法であって、
接合線に沿って連続的に溶接する溶接工程と、
前記溶接工程において溶接された部分に、該溶接された部分が形成される表面に開口する穴を互いに間隔をあけて複数形成する穴形成工程とを備えることを特徴とする接合体の製造方法。 A method for manufacturing a joined body in which the materials to be joined are welded together along a joining line between the members to be joined,
A welding process for continuous welding along the joining line;
A method of manufacturing a joined body, comprising: a hole forming step of forming a plurality of holes that are opened in a surface where the welded portion is formed at a distance from each other in the welded portion in the welding step. 請求項６又は７に記載の接合体の製造方法において、互い向かい合う一対の主板及び該主板同士を連結するリブを有するダブルスキン板と、該ダブルスキン板の互いに対応する主板同士を連結する連結部材とを備え、
前記主板と前記連結部材、又は、前記主板同士が前記被接合部材として接合されていることを特徴とする請求項６又は７いずれか一に記載の接合体の製造方法。 8. The method of manufacturing a joined body according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a double skin plate having a pair of main plates facing each other and a rib for connecting the main plates to each other, and a connecting member for connecting the corresponding main plates of the double skin plate to each other. And
The method for manufacturing a joined body according to any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the main plate and the connecting member, or the main plates are joined as the member to be joined.
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