JP2013079539A - Hydraulic generating equipment - Google Patents

Hydraulic generating equipment Download PDF

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JP2013079539A
JP2013079539A JP2011220578A JP2011220578A JP2013079539A JP 2013079539 A JP2013079539 A JP 2013079539A JP 2011220578 A JP2011220578 A JP 2011220578A JP 2011220578 A JP2011220578 A JP 2011220578A JP 2013079539 A JP2013079539 A JP 2013079539A
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water
generator
rotating
turbine
hydroelectric
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Yasuhiro Fujita
保宏 藤田
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide hydraulic generating equipment which dispenses with work for damming up a river and large-scale construction work, which does not destroy natural environments such as an ecological system and a landscape, and which makes power generation efficiency proper.SOLUTION: Hydraulic generating equipment includes a generator 11 which is connected to a rotating shaft 10 of a disk-like rotating hub 13, and a water turbine which comprises a plurality of hood-variable water turbines 9 arranged radially from the center of the rotating hub 13. The hood-variable water turbine 9 is formed in such a manner as to be freely opened/closed on a hinge 15 attached to the rotating hub 13, by combining a pair of water receiving and holding plates 34 together. The hood-variable water turbine 9 is formed so as to receive flowing water by being expanded when receiving the flowing water and to reduce water pressure resistance applied from a rotational direction by being closed in the latter half of rotation.

Description

本発明は、河川をはじめ小川や用水路等の平坦に流れに水路に浮かべて発電を行う水力発電装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that generates power by floating on a water channel in a flat flow such as a river, a stream, an irrigation channel, and the like.

従来、大規模水力発電や小型のマイクロ発電装置の殆どが落差水エネルギを利用するものであった。例えば、河川が流れる渓谷の山と山の間を堰き止めて大規模なダムを建設することにより大量な水を堰き止め、十分に貯水した後に高い場所から大量の落差水を放流することにより大型タービン発電機を稼働させて電力エネルギの供給を行っている。また、小規模なマイクロ発電を行う場合にも山深い渓谷を流れる川を堰き止め、そして、山の傾斜を利用して長い距離の水圧差で落差水を作り、クロスフロー水車を回して発電を行っている。また、河川の護岸工事によって落差水を発生させてクロスフロー水力発電を行うことも行われている。   Conventionally, most of large-scale hydroelectric power generation and small micro power generation devices use headwater energy. For example, a large dam is constructed by damming between the mountains of the valley where the river flows, and a large dam is built up, and a large amount of water is discharged from a high place after sufficient water storage. The turbine generator is operated to supply power energy. In addition, when small-scale micro power generation is performed, rivers flowing in deep valleys are dammed, and by using the slope of the mountain, a drop water is created with a long-distance water pressure difference, and a cross-flow turbine is turned to generate power. Is going. In addition, cross-flow hydroelectric power generation is also carried out by generating falling water by revetment work for rivers.

従来のマイクロ水力発電は、山間部を流れる渓谷の川を堰き止め、そこに長い配水管を設置して山の傾斜角を利用して流れ出る落差水をクロスフロー水車で受水して発電を行うものであり、また、河川に分岐水門を設けて人工的に落差水を発生させてクロスフロー水車によって発電するものであった。   Conventional micro hydropower generation dams a river in a valley flowing through a mountainous area, installs a long water pipe there, and receives the falling water flowing out using the slope of the mountain with a cross-flow turbine to generate electricity In addition, a diversion sluice was provided in the river to generate a drop water artificially and generate electricity with a cross-flow turbine.

ところが、このような山間部の渓谷を堰き止めたり、河川の護岸工事を行って水力発電を行う場合にはそこに生息する魚や貝などの生物の生態系を破壊することが指摘されている。また、水力発電設備は周辺の自然環境や景観が損なわれる等の問題も提起されている。さらに、水力発電設備の設置場所においては、例えば「文化財保護法」等の法令や、行政による各種の許認可が必要となり設置場所に大幅な制限が設けられている。そのため、上述したような従来工法による発電設備の普及はあまり進展していないのが現状である。   However, it has been pointed out that when such a mountain valley is dammed or river power is revetd and hydroelectric power generation is performed, the ecosystem of fish and shellfish that live there is destroyed. In addition, hydroelectric power generation equipment has also raised problems such as damage to the surrounding natural environment and landscape. Furthermore, the installation location of hydroelectric power generation facilities is subject to laws and regulations such as the “Cultural Property Protection Law” and various permits and approvals by the government, and there are significant restrictions on the installation location. Therefore, the current situation is that the diffusion of power generation facilities by the conventional method as described above has not progressed much.

しかしながら、２０１１年３月１１日に発生した東日本大震災は原子力発電所の事故を誘発して電力不足を招いたことから、再生可能エネルギを利用した発電が注目され、マイクロ水力発電についても再確認がなされている。例えば特許文献１にはダム建設の必要がなく、生態系や自然環境及び景観を損なうことがない環境にやさしい発電装置が開示されている。具体的には、水車が所定の間隔を置いて略水平に一列に複数個設けられた水車モジュールと、水車の下側の羽にのみ河川水流があたるように、水車モジュールの設置高さを可変する昇降機構を有する構成としたものである。   However, since the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 induced an accident at a nuclear power plant and caused a power shortage, power generation using renewable energy attracted attention, and micro hydropower generation was also reconfirmed. Has been made. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an environment-friendly power generation device that does not require dam construction and that does not damage the ecosystem, natural environment, and landscape. Specifically, the installation height of the water turbine module is variable so that the water turbines are provided only in a row with a plurality of water turbines arranged in a row substantially horizontally at a predetermined interval, and the river water flow is applied only to the lower wings of the water turbine. It is set as the structure which has the raising / lowering mechanism to perform.

特開２００３−２０１９４９号公報JP 2003-200149 A

しかしながら、特許文献１をはじめとする従来法における平板形状のクロスフローの固定式水車の場合、幅の広い水車で受水することにより大きな水圧で水車を回転させるが、回転する水車の反対側の全面にも水を掻き分ける時に発生する水圧抵抗がかるために水車の受水により発生した回転トルクが相殺されてしまい、効率が良くないという問題があった。特に、平坦に流れる河川では水車を回転させるためのエネルギの損失は十分な回転トルクを得るためにも避けたいところである。   However, in the case of a flat-plate-shaped cross-flow fixed water turbine in the conventional method including Patent Document 1, the water turbine is rotated with a large water pressure by receiving water with a wide water turbine, but on the opposite side of the rotating water turbine. Since water pressure resistance generated when water is scraped over the entire surface, the rotational torque generated by receiving water from the water turbine is offset, and there is a problem that efficiency is not good. In particular, in a river that flows flat, the loss of energy for rotating the water turbine is to be avoided in order to obtain sufficient rotational torque.

そこで、本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みなされたもので、川を堰き止めたり、河川の護岸工事等の大規模な建設工事を必要とせず、また、魚や貝が生息する生態系をはじめとする自然環境や景観を破壊することがなく、しかも、発電効率の良い水力発電装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and does not require damming rivers or large-scale construction work such as river bank protection work, and also includes ecosystems where fish and shellfish live. An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation device that does not destroy the natural environment and the landscape and has high power generation efficiency.

上記課題を解決するために請求項１に記載の本発明は、河川や用水路等の流水上に浮かべた水車の回転によって発電機を駆動して発電する水力発電装置において、円盤状の回転ハブの回転軸に連結された発電機と、回転ハブの円周方向に沿って当該回転ハブの中心から放射状に配置された複数のフード可変水車を備えた水車とを有し、フード可変水車は、一対の受水保持板を組み合わせて回転ハブに取り付けられたヒンジを中心に開閉自在に形成され、流水の受水時には拡開して流水を受け止め、回転後半にあっては閉じて回転方向から受ける水圧抵抗を削減するように形成されたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention according to claim 1 is directed to a hydroelectric power generator that generates power by driving a generator by rotation of a water wheel floated on flowing water such as a river or a water channel. A generator connected to the rotating shaft, and a turbine provided with a plurality of hood variable turbines arranged radially from the center of the rotating hub along the circumferential direction of the rotating hub. The water pressure is received from the direction of rotation in the latter half of the rotation. It is formed so as to reduce resistance.

上記課題を解決するために請求項２に記載の本発明は、請求項２に記載の水力発電装置において、フード可変水車は、受水保持板の開閉を外側から規制する開放過剰防止板を備えていることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to a second aspect of the present invention, in the hydroelectric power generator according to the second aspect, the hood variable turbine includes an overopening prevention plate that restricts the opening and closing of the water receiving holding plate from the outside. It is characterized by.

上記課題を解決するために請求項３に記載の本発明は、河川や用水路等の流水上に浮かべた水車の回転によって発電機を駆動して発電する水力発電装置において、二枚の円盤状の回転盤の間に設けられた回転ドラムの回転軸に連結された発電機と、回転ドラムの周面に沿って放射状に配置された複数の湾曲板を備えた水車とを有し、湾曲板は、基端側が回転盤に揺動可能に取り付けられると共に、回転盤に取り付けられた開放過剰防止ストッパ及び保持ストッパによって揺動が規制されるように形成され、流水の受水時には先端が開放過剰防止ストッパに当接するまで湾曲板が拡開して流水を受け止め、回転後半にあっては保持ストッパに当接して閉じて回転方向から受ける水圧抵抗を削減するように形成されたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention described in claim 3 is a hydroelectric generator that generates power by driving a generator by rotation of a water wheel floated on flowing water such as a river or a water channel. A generator connected to a rotating shaft of a rotating drum provided between the rotating plates, and a water turbine provided with a plurality of curved plates arranged radially along the peripheral surface of the rotating drum, The base end side is swingably attached to the turntable, and the swing is regulated by the over-opening prevention stopper and holding stopper attached to the turntable. The curved plate is expanded to receive the flowing water until it comes into contact with the stopper, and in the latter half of the rotation, it is formed so as to reduce the hydraulic resistance received from the rotation direction by contacting and closing the holding stopper.

上記課題を解決するために請求項４に記載の本発明は、請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置において、水車の前方側の水中に位置するように配置された突起であって、流水面を***させて流水が当該突起を乗り越える際に大きな落差急流を発生させる波高発生突起と、水車の前方側の水中に位置するように配置された板状部材であって、流水を水車側に案内する幅寄せ波高板とをさらに備えていることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention according to claim 4 is the hydraulic power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protrusion is disposed so as to be located in the water in front of the water turbine. And a plate-shaped member disposed so as to be located in the water on the front side of the water wheel, and a wave height generating protrusion that generates a large drop rapid flow when the flowing water overhangs the protrusion by raising the water surface. It is further provided with the width approaching wave plate which guides flowing water to the waterwheel side.

上記課題を解決するために請求項５に記載の本発明は、請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置において、水車及び発電機は、水面上に浮かぶフロートに設置され、フロートは、河川や用水路等の流路の両側に設置された柱の間に架け渡された固定ワイヤに取り付けられ、移動ワイヤによって移動可能とされた牽引移動滑車に連結され、流水上の定位置で留まって発電を行うようにしたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention according to claim 5 is the hydraulic power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water turbine and the generator are installed on a float floating on a water surface, A float is attached to a fixed wire that is installed between pillars installed on both sides of a channel such as a river or irrigation channel, and is connected to a traction moving pulley that can be moved by a moving wire. It is characterized by the fact that it stays at and generates electricity.

上記課題を解決するために請求項６に記載の本発明は、請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置において、発電機によって発電した電力を柱を介して配線された配線ケーブルによって牽引移動滑車に配置された配電器具を中継させることにより陸上に設置された配電盤に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention according to claim 6 is the hydraulic power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power generated by the generator is wired via a pillar. It is characterized in that it is supplied to a switchboard installed on land by relaying a power distribution device arranged on the pulling moving pulley by a cable.

本発明に係る水力発電装置によれば、川を堰き止めたり、河川の護岸工事等の大規模な建設工事を必要とせず、また、魚や貝が生息する生態系をはじめとする自然環境や景観を破壊することがないという効果がある。
また、本発明に係る水力発電装置によれば、落差水工事も必要なく、また、水流があればどこにでも設置可能であり、昼夜を通して安定して流れる水流に浮かべて発電することができるので再生可能でクリーンなエネルギを提供することができるという効果がある。 According to the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention, there is no need for damming a river or a large-scale construction work such as a river revetment, and a natural environment or landscape including an ecosystem where fish and shellfish live. There is an effect that does not destroy.
Further, according to the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention, no drop water construction is necessary, and it can be installed anywhere if there is a water flow, and can be generated by floating in a water flow that flows stably throughout the day and night. There is an effect that possible and clean energy can be provided.

本発明に係る水力発電装置の第一の実施形態の側面図である。1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. 図１の水力発電装置の底面図である。It is a bottom view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 図１の水力発電装置を流水上に浮かべた状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which floated the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 1 on flowing water. 本発明に係る水力発電装置の第二の実施形態の側面図である。It is a side view of 2nd embodiment of the hydroelectric generator which concerns on this invention. 図３の水力発電装置の底面図である。It is a bottom view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 図３の水力発電装置を流水上に浮かべた状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which floated the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 3 on flowing water. 回転盤に設置したフード可変水車を示す一部側面図である。It is a partial side view which shows the hood variable water turbine installed in the turntable. フード可変水車が矢印の方向からの水流で閉じた状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which the hood variable water turbine closed with the water flow from the direction of the arrow. フード可変水車が矢印の方向からの水流で開いた状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which the hood variable water turbine opened with the water flow from the direction of the arrow. フード可変水車が閉じた状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which the hood variable water turbine closed. フード可変水車が開いた状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which the hood variable water turbine opened. クロスフロー可変水車の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a cross flow variable turbine. 湾曲板の開平の繰り返しを示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows repetition of flattening of a curved board. 流水が波高発生突起を乗り越える際に発生する落差急流によって水車が回転する状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which a water turbine rotates by the head rapid flow generated when flowing water gets over a wave height generating protrusion.

以下、本発明に係る水力発電装置の好ましい一実施形態について図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
［第一の実施形態］
水力発電装置は、概略として、用水路、小川、河川等の流水上に浮かべる双胴フロート１に取り付けられた水車によって双胴フロート１に搭載された発電機１１の図示しないロータを回転させることによって発電を行うものである。双胴フロート１は、左右にそれぞれフロートを配し、この左右のフロートを連結する前方渡し固定板３及び後方渡し固定板４によって一体に形成されている。そして、この双胴フロート１の一対のフロートの中央部分にベアリングホルダ５を備えた回転軸１０が配置されている。また、双胴フロート１の前方渡し固定板３と後方渡し固定板４の間に複数のフード可変水車９を備えた水車が２列に配置されている。この水車は、リング状の外側フレームと回転中心から放射状に配置された放射フレーム１４によって形成された回転ハブ１３を備え、この回転ハブ１３の回転軸１０に発電機１１の図示しないロータが連結されている。そして、発電機１１は防水カバー１２によって水の侵入が防止されている。尚、発電機１１は、水車の回転を増幅してロータを回転させる図示しない回転増幅装置が設けられている。例えば、回転ハブ１３が１回転するとロータを３０〜６０回転させるような回転増幅装置を介在させることにより発電効率を３０〜６０倍に高めることができる。 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First embodiment]
The hydroelectric generator generally generates power by rotating a rotor (not shown) of a generator 11 mounted on the catamaran float 1 by a water wheel attached to the catamaran float 1 floating on a running water such as an irrigation channel, a stream or a river. Is to do. The catamaran float 1 is integrally formed by a front passing fixing plate 3 and a rear passing fixing plate 4 which are provided with floats on the left and right sides and connect the left and right floats. And the rotating shaft 10 provided with the bearing holder 5 is arrange | positioned in the center part of a pair of float of this double cylinder float 1. As shown in FIG. In addition, between the front passing fixing plate 3 and the rear passing fixing plate 4 of the catamaran float 1, water turbines including a plurality of hood variable water turbines 9 are arranged in two rows. This water wheel comprises a rotating hub 13 formed by a ring-shaped outer frame and a radiating frame 14 arranged radially from the center of rotation, and a rotor (not shown) of a generator 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 10 of the rotating hub 13. ing. The generator 11 is prevented from entering water by the waterproof cover 12. The generator 11 is provided with a rotation amplification device (not shown) that amplifies the rotation of the water turbine and rotates the rotor. For example, the power generation efficiency can be increased 30 to 60 times by interposing a rotation amplifying device that rotates the rotor 30 to 60 times when the rotating hub 13 rotates once.

回転ハブ１３の回転部中心から放射状に延びる幅広の放射フレーム１４の両面にはヒンジ機構１５と開放過剰防止板１６を備えた複数のフード可変水車９が取り付けられている。フード可変水車９は、図１０及び図１１に示すように、一対の受水保持板３４，３４を組み合わせると共に受水保持板３４にフード可変水車９の開口幅を規制する開放過剰防止ストッパ３８を設けることにより受水回転時には広く開口して流水を受け止め、さらに水車本体の強力な押圧の回転力を推進するために水中で開放していたフード可変水車が瞬時に水車前面に係る水圧で開口部を閉じるように可変するように形成されている。これにより、水車は水圧抵抗が軽減された状態で回転する。すなわち、回転ハブ１３の上部から受水方向に向かって回転しながら下降する直前に全て閉じた状態であったフード可変水車９は受水保持板３４，３４の自重で広く開口し、その状態での受水を繰り返す。これにより、水圧抵抗を軽減させて水車を回転させるので効率的に発電が行なわれる。   A plurality of hood variable turbines 9 having hinge mechanisms 15 and over-opening prevention plates 16 are attached to both surfaces of a wide radiating frame 14 extending radially from the center of the rotating portion of the rotating hub 13. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the hood variable water turbine 9 combines a pair of water receiving and holding plates 34, 34 and is provided with an excessive opening prevention stopper 38 that restricts the opening width of the hood variable water turbine 9 on the water receiving holding plate 34. By installing, the hood variable turbine that was opened wide in the water receiving rotation to receive flowing water and further opened in water to promote the strong pressing rotational force of the turbine body is instantaneously opened by the water pressure on the front of the turbine It is formed to be variable so as to be closed. As a result, the water turbine rotates in a state where the hydraulic resistance is reduced. That is, the hood variable turbine 9 that was closed immediately before being lowered while rotating in the water receiving direction from the upper part of the rotating hub 13 opens widely due to the weight of the water receiving holding plates 34 and 34, and in this state. Repeat receiving water. As a result, the hydraulic resistance is reduced and the water turbine is rotated, so that power generation is performed efficiently.

また、水車の前方側で双胴フロート１の喫水線の近くの適宜の箇所であって水面近くの水中に位置するようにして波高発生突起６が配置されている。また、波高発生突起６の左右の両端側には幅寄せ波高板７がそれぞれ配置され、水車に流れる波高水流を効果的に発生させるようになっている。流水が波高発生突起６の上を通過する際に流水面を***させ、流水が波高発生突起６を乗り越える際に大きな落差急流を発生させて水車を回転させる。また、波高発生突起６に向かって流水が流れ込むように案内する板状の幅寄せ波高板７，７がさらに設けられている。例えば、河川の流速１．２ｍのときに水圧８ｔ前後の安定した水力エネルギを利用することができる。   Further, the wave height generating projection 6 is arranged at an appropriate position near the waterline of the catamaran float 1 on the front side of the water wheel and in the water near the water surface. In addition, width-shifting wave height plates 7 are respectively disposed on the left and right ends of the wave height generating projection 6 so as to effectively generate a wave height water flow flowing through the water turbine. When the flowing water passes over the wave height generating protrusion 6, the water surface is raised, and when the flowing water gets over the wave height generating protrusion 6, a large drop rapid current is generated to rotate the water wheel. Further, plate-like width-shifting wave height plates 7 and 7 for guiding the flowing water to flow toward the wave height generating protrusion 6 are further provided. For example, stable hydraulic energy having a water pressure of about 8 t can be used when the river has a flow velocity of 1.2 m.

双胴フロート１には防水蓋付き収納ケース１７が設置され、バッテリー等の収納に利用される。また、双胴フロート１の船底には車輪１８，１８が取り付けられており双胴フロート１を移動する際に利用される。さらに、双胴フロート１の先頭部に流くる落ち葉等の浮遊物を除去するためのゴミ除去バンパー１９が取り付けられている。   The catamaran float 1 is provided with a storage case 17 with a waterproof lid, which is used for storing a battery or the like. Further, wheels 18 and 18 are attached to the bottom of the catamaran float 1 and are used when the catamaran float 1 is moved. Further, a dust removal bumper 19 is attached to remove floating substances such as fallen leaves flowing at the head of the double-bottle float 1.

発電機１１と水車を搭載した双胴フロート１は、河川等の流水上に浮かべられて発電に供されるが、双胴フロート１を流れの所定位置に留めるために、河川から離れた陸上の両岸に立設された図示しないアンカー鉄塔に架け渡された固定ワイヤ２２に電動移動する配電器具付きの牽引移動滑車２３を取り付けた安定維持装置を備えている。そして、双胴フロート１の左右のフロートに立設された柱２１，２１に取り付けられた図示しない防水ソケット介して発電機１１によって発電された電力は配線２０，２０によって牽引移動滑車２３内の配電器具に供給されるようになっている。そして、配電器具には配線ケーブル２５が接続されており、電力は配線ケーブル２５によって陸上に設置された配電盤に供給される。   The catamaran float 1 mounted with the generator 11 and the water wheel is floated on the running water of a river or the like and used for power generation. In order to keep the catamaran float 1 in a predetermined position in the flow, A stability maintaining device is provided with a pulling moving pulley 23 with a power distribution device that is electrically moved to a fixed wire 22 erected on an anchor tower (not shown) standing on both banks. The power generated by the generator 11 through a waterproof socket (not shown) attached to the pillars 21 and 21 erected on the left and right floats of the double trunk float 1 is distributed in the traction movable pulley 23 by the wires 20 and 20. It is supplied to the instrument. And the distribution cable 25 is connected to the power distribution apparatus, and electric power is supplied by the distribution cable 25 to the switchboard installed on the land.

また、牽引移動滑車２３の下部から延びる２本の牽引ワイヤ２６，２６が双胴フロート１に取り付けられた左右の懸架金具８，８と連結されており、これによって双胴フロート１は河川等の流水上に浮かべられた所定位置に留まるようになっている。また、牽引移動滑車２３の左右の牽引フックには牽引ワイヤ２６が取り付けられており、これによって牽引移動滑車２３を両岸のうちのいずれかに引き寄せることができるようになっている。これにより、双胴フロート１は、台風等によって河川が増水するような場合には陸地の安全な場所に引き上げることができる。また、河川の上流で降った雨等で増水した場合や、長い間の晴天が続き河川が渇水して水位が下がった場合であっても双胴フロート１は着水位置の調整を行うことができる。   In addition, two pulling wires 26, 26 extending from the lower portion of the pulling moving pulley 23 are connected to the left and right suspension brackets 8, 8 attached to the catamaran float 1, so that the catamaran float 1 is connected to a river or the like. It stays in place on the running water. In addition, traction wires 26 are attached to the left and right traction hooks of the traction moving pulley 23 so that the traction movement pulley 23 can be drawn to either of the two banks. Thereby, the catamaran float 1 can be pulled up to a safe place on land when the river is flooded by a typhoon or the like. Even if the water level increases due to rain that falls upstream of the river, or when the water level drops due to a long period of clear weather, the catamaran float 1 can adjust the landing position. it can.

［第二の実施形態］
次に、図４に示すのは本発明に係る水力発電装置の第二の実施形態の側面図である。図示された水力発電装置は、概略として、フロート２９に搭載した発電機１１のロータに水車の回転軸を連結すると共に、用水路２７の両岸に立設したアンカー鉄柱２８，２８から延びる牽引ワイヤ２６によってフロート２９に取り付けられた懸架金具８，８と連結されて構成されている。また、２本のアンカー鉄柱２８，２８の間には固定ワイヤ２２が架け渡されている。図６に水力発電装置を用水路２７に浮かべた状態を示す。ここで、アンカー鉄柱２８，２８としては、本発明者が発明した特許第２９１１３９１号、特許第２９５０４０３号、特許第３１３７２４３号、特許第４００５８７１号等の土木工事用杭を用いることができる。 [Second Embodiment]
Next, FIG. 4 is a side view of the second embodiment of the hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. The illustrated hydroelectric generator generally has a rotating shaft of a water turbine connected to a rotor of a generator 11 mounted on a float 29 and a pulling wire 26 extending from anchor iron columns 28 and 28 erected on both sides of a water channel 27. The suspension brackets 8 and 8 attached to the float 29 are connected to each other. A fixed wire 22 is bridged between the two anchor iron columns 28 and 28. FIG. 6 shows a state where the hydroelectric generator is floated on the water channel 27. Here, as the anchor iron pillars 28 and 28, civil engineering piles such as Japanese Patent No. 2911391, Japanese Patent No. 2950403, Japanese Patent No. 3137243, and Japanese Patent No. 4005871 invented by the present inventor can be used.

フロート２９の中央部には発電機１１が搭載され、その両側に２つの水車が配置されている。水車は、上述した第一の実施形態とほぼ同様の構成を備えているが、本実施形態ではフレーム状の回転ハブ１３の代わりに円盤状の回転盤３３を備えており、この回転盤３３に一対の受水保持板３４，３４によって形成されるフード可変水車９が放射状に取り付けられている。尚、フード可変水車９の動作及び機能は第一の実施形態の場合と同じである。   A generator 11 is mounted at the center of the float 29, and two water turbines are arranged on both sides thereof. The water wheel has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment described above, but in this embodiment, a disk-shaped rotating disk 33 is provided instead of the frame-shaped rotating hub 13. A hood variable turbine 9 formed by a pair of water receiving and holding plates 34, 34 is attached in a radial pattern. The operation and function of the hood variable water turbine 9 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

フロート２９とその左右に配置された水車を取り囲むようにして保護用のバンパー３３が配置されている。また、このバンパー３３の所定位置には側面車輪３１を備えており、用水路２７の護岸との接触等による水車の破損防止が図られている。また、発電機１１によって発電された電力は配線２６を介してアンカー鉄柱２８に設けられた配電盤３２に送られるようになっている。尚、いうまでもないが波高発生突起６及び幅寄せ波高板７も設けられている。   A protective bumper 33 is disposed so as to surround the float 29 and the water turbines disposed on the left and right sides thereof. Further, a side wheel 31 is provided at a predetermined position of the bumper 33 to prevent damage to the water turbine due to contact of the water channel 27 with the seawall. In addition, the electric power generated by the generator 11 is sent via a wiring 26 to a switchboard 32 provided on the anchor iron pole 28. Needless to say, a wave height generating projection 6 and a width-shifting wave plate 7 are also provided.

［第三の実施形態］
次に、第三の実施形態について説明する。第三の実施形態における水力発電装置は、フード可変水車９に代えて、図１２及び図１３に示すクロスフロー可変水車を用いて構成されている。それ以外の構成は上述した第一及び第二の実施形態とほぼ同様である。クロスフロー可変水車は、二枚の円盤状の回転盤の間に円筒状の回転ドラム３７を挟み、回転ドラム３７の回転軸に発電機１１の図示しないロータと連結されている。そして、回転ドラム３７の周面に沿って放射状に湾曲板３６，３６が複数配置されている。湾曲板３６は、基端側がヒンジ機構により回転盤に揺動可能に取り付けられており、回転盤には湾曲版３６の揺動を規制する開放過剰防止ストッパ３８及び保持ストッパ３９が各湾曲板３６に対応して複数取り付けられている。これによって湾曲板３６の揺動が規制されるようになっている。すなわち、湾曲板３６が流水を受水する際には先端が開放過剰防止ストッパ３８に当接するまで拡開して流水を受け止め、回転後半にあっては湾曲板３６が保持ストッパ３９に当接して閉じて回転方向から受ける水圧抵抗を削減するようになっている。尚、このクロスフロー可変水車は第一の実施形態の双胴フロート１及び第二の実施形態のフロート２９のいずれの水力発電装置にも用いることができる。 [Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. The hydroelectric generator in the third embodiment is configured using a cross flow variable water turbine shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 in place of the hood variable water turbine 9. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the first and second embodiments described above. In the crossflow variable water turbine, a cylindrical rotating drum 37 is sandwiched between two disk-shaped rotating disks, and a rotating shaft of the rotating drum 37 is connected to a rotor (not shown) of the generator 11. A plurality of curved plates 36 and 36 are arranged radially along the circumferential surface of the rotating drum 37. The curved plate 36 is attached to the rotating disk by a hinge mechanism so that the base end side is swingable. An excessive opening prevention stopper 38 and a holding stopper 39 for restricting the swinging of the curved plate 36 are attached to each rotating plate 36. A plurality of units are attached to correspond. As a result, the swing of the curved plate 36 is restricted. That is, when the curved plate 36 receives flowing water, the curved plate 36 expands until the tip abuts against the over-opening prevention stopper 38 to receive the flowing water, and the curved plate 36 contacts the holding stopper 39 in the latter half of the rotation. It is designed to reduce the hydraulic resistance received from the direction of rotation when closed. This cross flow variable turbine can be used for any of the hydroelectric generators of the double-bottle float 1 of the first embodiment and the float 29 of the second embodiment.

上記構成により、平坦な流水上に浮かべた水力発電装置は波高三角突起６と幅寄せ波高板７によって水流が波高三角突起６を乗り越える際に水面が盛り上がって生じる落差急流によりクロスフロー可変水車が回転して効率的な発電が行なわれる。   With the above configuration, the hydraulic power generation apparatus floated on the flat running water rotates the cross flow variable water turbine due to the rapid drop generated when the water surface rises by the wave height triangular protrusion 6 and the width-shifting wave height plate 7 and the water surface rises. Thus, efficient power generation is performed.

本発明の水力発電装置は平坦な流れの河川や小川、用水路等に浮かべて効率的な発電ができるので、広い耕作地の未電化地域に多く点在するビニールハウスの夜間照明やビニールハウスによるＬＥＤ電照栽培の電力として利用することができる。しかも、この電力はクリーンな再生可能エネルギである。   The hydroelectric power generator of the present invention floats on a flat stream of rivers, streams, irrigation canals, etc., so that it can generate power efficiently. It can be used as electric power for electric lighting cultivation. Moreover, this power is clean renewable energy.

１ 双胴フロート
２ 方向舵
３ 前渡し固定板
４ 後渡し固定板
５ ベアリングホルダ
６ 波高発生突起
７ 幅寄せ波高板
８ 懸架金具
９ フード可変水車
１０ 回転軸
１１ 発電機
１２ 防止カバー
１３ 回転ハブ
１４ 放射フレーム
１５ ヒンジ機構
１６ 開放過剰防止板
１７ 防水蓋付き収納ケース
１８ 車輪
１９ ゴミ除去バンパー
２０ 配線
２１ 柱
２２ 固定ワイヤ
２３ 牽引移動滑車
２４ 吊り具
２５ 配線ケーブル
２６ 牽引ワイヤ
２７ 用水路
２８ アンカー鉄柱
２９ フロート
３０ バンパー
３１ 側面車輪
３２ 配電盤
３３ 平板の回転盤
３４ 受水保持板
３５ リングフライホイール
３６ ヒンジ機構付き湾曲幅広水車
３７ 回転ドラム
３８ 開放過剰防止ストッパ
３９ 保持ストッパ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Twin body float 2 Direction rudder 3 Forward fixing plate 4 Backward fixing plate 5 Bearing holder 6 Wave height generating protrusion 7 Width-shifting wave plate 8 Suspension bracket 9 Hood variable turbine 10 Rotating shaft 11 Generator 12 Prevention cover 13 Rotating hub 14 Radiation frame 15 Hinge mechanism 16 Over-opening prevention plate 17 Storage case with waterproof lid 18 Wheel 19 Dust removal bumper 20 Wiring 21 Pillar 22 Fixed wire 23 Towing moving pulley 24 Lifting tool 25 Wiring cable 26 Pulling wire 27 Water channel 28 Anchor iron pillar 29 Float 30 Bumper 31 Side surface Wheel 32 Power distribution board 33 Flat turntable 34 Water receiving holding plate 35 Ring flywheel 36 Curved wide water wheel 37 with hinge mechanism Rotating drum 38 Opening prevention stopper 39 Holding stopper

Claims (6)

河川や用水路等の流水上に浮かべた水車の回転によって発電機を駆動して発電する水力発電装置において、
円盤状の回転ハブの回転軸に連結された発電機と、
前記回転ハブの円周方向に沿って当該回転ハブの中心から放射状に配置された複数のフード可変水車を備えた水車と、
を有し、
前記フード可変水車は、一対の受水保持板を組み合わせて前記回転ハブに取り付けられたヒンジを中心に開閉自在に形成され、流水の受水時には拡開して流水を受け止め、回転後半にあっては閉じて回転方向から受ける水圧抵抗を削減するように形成されたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 In a hydroelectric generator that generates electricity by driving a generator by the rotation of a water wheel floated on running water such as a river or irrigation channel,
A generator connected to the rotating shaft of a disk-shaped rotating hub;
A water turbine comprising a plurality of hood variable water turbines arranged radially from the center of the rotating hub along the circumferential direction of the rotating hub;
Have
The hood variable water wheel is formed so as to be able to open and close around a hinge attached to the rotating hub by combining a pair of water receiving holding plates. The hydroelectric power generator is formed so as to be closed and reduce the hydraulic resistance received from the rotation direction. 請求項２に記載の水力発電装置において、
前記フード可変水車は、前記受水保持板の開閉を外側から規制する開放過剰防止板を備えていることを特徴とする水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2,
The hood variable turbine is provided with an excessive opening prevention plate that restricts the opening and closing of the water receiving holding plate from the outside. 河川や用水路等の流水上に浮かべた水車の回転によって発電機を駆動して発電する水力発電装置において、
二枚の円盤状の回転盤の間に設けられた回転ドラムの回転軸に連結された発電機と、
前記回転ドラムの周面に沿って放射状に配置された複数の湾曲板を備えた水車と、
を有し、
前記湾曲板は、基端側が前記回転盤に揺動可能に取り付けられると共に、前記回転盤に取り付けられた開放過剰防止ストッパ及び保持ストッパによって揺動が規制されるように形成され、流水の受水時には先端が前記開放過剰防止ストッパに当接するまで前記湾曲板が拡開して流水を受け止め、回転後半にあっては前記保持ストッパに当接して閉じて回転方向から受ける水圧抵抗を削減するように形成されたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 In a hydroelectric generator that generates electricity by driving a generator by the rotation of a water wheel floated on running water such as a river or irrigation channel,
A generator connected to a rotating shaft of a rotating drum provided between two disk-shaped rotating disks;
A water turbine comprising a plurality of curved plates arranged radially along the circumferential surface of the rotating drum;
Have
The curved plate is attached to the rotating disk so that the base end is swingable, and is configured so that swinging is regulated by an over-opening prevention stopper and a holding stopper attached to the rotating disk. Sometimes the curved plate expands to receive flowing water until the tip comes into contact with the over-opening prevention stopper, and in the latter half of the rotation, it contacts with the holding stopper and closes to reduce the hydraulic resistance received from the rotation direction. A hydroelectric generator characterized by being formed. 請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置において、
前記水車の前方側の水中に位置するように配置された突起であって、流水面を***させて流水が当該突起を乗り越える際に大きな落差急流を発生させる波高発生突起と、
前記水車の前方側の水中に位置するように配置された板状部材であって、流水を前記水車側に案内する幅寄せ波高板と、
をさらに備えていることを特徴とする水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A protrusion arranged to be located in the water on the front side of the water wheel, and a wave height generating protrusion that raises the water surface and generates a large drop rapid flow when the flowing water gets over the protrusion; and
A plate-like member disposed so as to be located in the water on the front side of the water wheel, and a width-shifting wave plate for guiding running water to the water wheel side;
The hydroelectric power generation device further comprising: 請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置において、
前記水車及び前記発電機は、水面上に浮かぶフロートに設置され、
前記フロートは、河川や用水路等の流路の両側に設置された柱の間に架け渡された固定ワイヤに取り付けられ、移動ワイヤによって移動可能とされた牽引移動滑車に連結され、前記流水上の定位置で留まって発電を行うようにしたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The water turbine and the generator are installed on a float that floats on the water surface,
The float is attached to a fixed wire spanned between pillars installed on both sides of a channel such as a river or a water channel, and is connected to a traction moving pulley that is movable by a moving wire. A hydroelectric generator characterized in that it generates electricity while staying at a fixed position. 請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置において、
前記発電機によって発電した電力を前記柱を介して配線された配線ケーブルによって前記牽引移動滑車に配置された配電器具を中継させることにより陸上に設置された配電盤に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The power generated by the generator is supplied to a switchboard installed on land by relaying a power distribution device arranged on the pulling movable pulley by a wiring cable wired through the pillar. A hydroelectric generator.
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CN105155488A (en) * 2015-07-03 2015-12-16 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 Arrangement mode and structure of small ecological flow unit of hydropower station underground powerhouse
KR20160012671A (en) * 2014-07-25 2016-02-03 심갑보 Hydroelectric power generation facilities
CN116447081A (en) * 2023-04-14 2023-07-18 广东永光新能源设计咨询有限公司 Renewable energy type power generation device
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JP7497510B1 (en) 2023-10-13 2024-06-10 いくつものかたち株式会社 Float-type hydroelectric power generation device

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