JP2013069632A - Collector for secondary battery or capacitor - Google Patents

Collector for secondary battery or capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2013069632A
JP2013069632A JP2011209093A JP2011209093A JP2013069632A JP 2013069632 A JP2013069632 A JP 2013069632A JP 2011209093 A JP2011209093 A JP 2011209093A JP 2011209093 A JP2011209093 A JP 2011209093A JP 2013069632 A JP2013069632 A JP 2013069632A
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Prior art keywords
hole
wall surface
opening
hole wall
current collector
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Inventor
Satoshi Nakagawa
敏 中川
Masataka Nakanishi
正孝 仲西
Tomoya Sato
友哉 佐藤
Kazuhito Kawasumi
一仁 川澄
Junichi Niwa
淳一 丹羽
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Toyota Industries Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a collector capable of ensuring the contact area with an active material, while minimizing exfoliation of the active material from a through hole.SOLUTION: A collector 101 consists of a planar body 1 in which a plurality of through holes 10 are formed. The through hole 10 has a first opening 10a1, a second opening 10a2 formed in a lower surface 1b of the body 1 on the side opposite from an upper surface 1a having the first opening 10a1 and having an opening area smaller than that of the first opening 10a1, a first hole wall surface 10b1 contiguous to the first opening 10a1 and inclining in the center direction of the through hole 10 from the first opening 10a1 toward the second opening 10a2, and a second hole wall surface 10b2 contiguous to the second opening 10a2 and inclining in the center direction of the through hole 10 from the first opening 10a1 toward the second opening 10a2. The first angle α formed by the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the central axis L of the through hole 10 is smaller than the second angle β formed by the second hole wall surface 10b2 and the central axis L.

Description

本発明は、二次電池又はキャパシタ用の集電体に関する。   The present invention relates to a current collector for a secondary battery or a capacitor.

二次電池やキャパシタでは、メッシュ状のシートになった集電体に活物質を担持させて形成した電極が使用されるものがある。
例えば、特許文献１には、アルカリ二次電池用の正極集電体にメッシュ状のシートを用いた発明が記載されている。この正極集電体は、金属によって薄板状に形成され、薄板の片面には活物質粒子を収容する多数の孔を突出させるようにして開口させている。孔は、正六角形の断面形状を有し、孔の断面積は、薄板側の開口で最も広くその反対側の孔の奥に行くにしたがって小さくなっている。そして、正極集電体に対して、孔の突出方向と反対側の薄板の表面及び孔の中に正極活物質を担持させることによって、正極（電極）が形成される。 Some secondary batteries and capacitors use electrodes formed by supporting an active material on a current collector in a mesh-like sheet.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes an invention in which a mesh-like sheet is used as a positive electrode current collector for an alkaline secondary battery. The positive electrode current collector is formed into a thin plate shape with a metal, and a large number of holes accommodating active material particles are opened on one side of the thin plate so as to protrude. The hole has a regular hexagonal cross-sectional shape, and the cross-sectional area of the hole is the widest at the opening on the thin plate side and becomes smaller toward the back of the hole on the opposite side. And a positive electrode (electrode) is formed by carrying | supporting a positive electrode active material in the surface and hole of a thin plate on the opposite side to the protrusion direction of a hole with respect to a positive electrode collector.

特開２００２−２２２６５３号公報JP 2002-222653 A

特許文献１に記載される正極集電体の孔は、薄板から離れるにしたがって先細になるテーパ状の形状を有し、薄板から最も離れた孔の先端での開口面積が最も小さくなっているため、この先端の開口からの活物質の脱落を抑制することができる。しかしながら、例えば特許文献１の正極集電体の孔と同等の深さ及び先端の開口面積を有する直管状の孔を薄板に形成した場合の集電体と比べると、集電体に担持させた活物質と集電体との接触面積は、特許文献１の正極集電体の方が大幅に小さくなっており、そのため、集電体の集電力も大幅に低くなってしまうという問題がある。   The hole of the positive electrode current collector described in Patent Document 1 has a tapered shape that tapers as it moves away from the thin plate, and the opening area at the tip of the hole farthest from the thin plate is the smallest. The active material can be prevented from dropping from the opening at the tip. However, for example, compared with the current collector in the case where a straight tubular hole having a depth equivalent to the hole of the positive electrode current collector of Patent Document 1 and the opening area of the tip is formed on a thin plate, the current collector is supported. The contact area between the active material and the current collector is significantly smaller in the positive electrode current collector of Patent Document 1, and thus there is a problem that the current collection power of the current collector is also significantly reduced.

この発明は、このような問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、孔からの活物質の脱落を抑制しつつ、活物質との接触面積を確保することを可能にする二次電池又はキャパシタ用の集電体を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and is capable of securing a contact area with an active material while suppressing dropping of the active material from the hole, or An object is to provide a current collector for a capacitor.

この発明に係る集電体は、二次電池又はキャパシタ用の集電体において、複数の貫通孔が形成された板状部材であり、貫通孔は、第一開口部と、板状部材における第一開口部を有する側と反対面に形成され且つ第一開口部より開口面積が小さい第二開口部と、第一開口部に隣接し且つ第一開口部から第二開口部に向かって貫通孔の中心方向に傾斜した第一孔壁面と、第二開口部に隣接し且つ第一開口部から第二開口部に向かって貫通孔の中心方向に傾斜した第二孔壁面とを有し、第一孔壁面及び第二孔壁面は、円錐面の一部を形成し、第一孔壁面と貫通孔の軸とがなす第一角度が、第二孔壁面と貫通孔の軸とがなす第二角度より小さい。   The current collector according to the present invention is a plate-like member in which a plurality of through holes are formed in a current collector for a secondary battery or a capacitor, and the through holes are formed in the first opening and the plate-like member. A second opening formed on a surface opposite to the side having one opening and having an opening area smaller than that of the first opening; and a through-hole adjacent to the first opening and from the first opening toward the second opening A first hole wall surface inclined in the center direction of the second hole wall and a second hole wall surface adjacent to the second opening part and inclined in the center direction of the through hole from the first opening part toward the second opening part, The one hole wall surface and the second hole wall surface form a part of a conical surface, and the first angle formed by the first hole wall surface and the axis of the through hole is the second angle formed by the second hole wall surface and the axis of the through hole. Smaller than the angle.

貫通孔での第一孔壁面の深さが、貫通孔での第二孔壁面の深さの２倍以上４倍以下の範囲であってもよい。
貫通孔の軸に対する第二孔壁面の傾斜角が、貫通孔の軸に対する第一孔壁面の傾斜角より３０°以上大きくなってもよい。 The depth of the wall surface of the first hole in the through hole may be in the range of 2 to 4 times the depth of the wall surface of the second hole in the through hole.
The inclination angle of the second hole wall surface with respect to the axis of the through hole may be 30 ° or more larger than the inclination angle of the first hole wall surface with respect to the axis of the through hole.

この発明に係る集電体によれば、貫通孔からの活物質の脱落を抑制しつつ、活物質との接触面積を確保することを可能にする。   According to the current collector according to the present invention, it is possible to secure a contact area with the active material while suppressing the falling off of the active material from the through hole.

本発明の実施の形態に係る集電体及び集電体に電極物質を担持した電極の構成を示す模式断面側面図である。It is a schematic cross section side view which shows the structure of the electrode which carry | supported the electrode material on the collector and collector which concern on embodiment of this invention. 図１の電極物質を担持した集電体を斜め下方から見た斜視図である。It is the perspective view which looked at the electrical power collector which carry | supported the electrode substance of FIG. 1 from diagonally downward. 図１の集電体を使用した二次電池の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the secondary battery using the electrical power collector of FIG. 実施の形態に係る集電体の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the electrical power collector which concerns on embodiment.

以下に、この発明の実施の形態について、添付図面に基づいて説明する。
実施の形態
この発明の実施の形態に係る集電体１０１及び集電体１０１に電極物質を担持して形成される電極１００の構成を説明する。なお、本実施の形態では、集電体１０１及び電極１００は、リチウムイオン二次電池に使用するものについて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiments The structure of an electrode 100 formed by carrying an electrode material on the current collector 101 and the current collector 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that in this embodiment, the current collector 101 and the electrode 100 are described as those used for a lithium ion secondary battery.

図１の状態（１Ａ）を参照すると、集電体１０１の貫通孔１０の中心軸Ｌを通る断面側面図が示されている。
集電体１０１は、例えば銅、アルミニウム等の金属からなる箔状又は薄板状の板状部材である本体１によって構成されている。
本体１には、その平坦な上面１ａから、上面１ａと反対側の反対面である下面１ｂに向かって、本体１を貫通する貫通孔１０が複数形成されており、本体１は、多孔質状の部材を形成している。
貫通孔１０は、上面１ａの円形をした第一開口部１０ａ１と、下面１ｂの円形をした第二開口部１０ａ２との両端で開口している（図２参照）。さらに、第一開口部１０ａ１の直径つまり開口面積は、第二開口部１０ａ２より大きくなっている。 Referring to the state (1A) of FIG. 1, a cross-sectional side view passing through the central axis L of the through hole 10 of the current collector 101 is shown.
The current collector 101 is constituted by a main body 1 which is a foil-like or thin plate-like plate member made of a metal such as copper or aluminum.
The main body 1 is formed with a plurality of through holes 10 penetrating the main body 1 from the flat upper surface 1a toward the lower surface 1b opposite to the upper surface 1a. The main body 1 is porous. These members are formed.
The through hole 10 opens at both ends of a first opening 10a1 having a circular shape on the upper surface 1a and a second opening 10a2 having a circular shape on the lower surface 1b (see FIG. 2). Furthermore, the diameter of the first opening 10a1, that is, the opening area, is larger than that of the second opening 10a2.

また、貫通孔１０は、その内壁面が、互いに連続し且つ円錐台状をした（つまり円錐面の一部を形成する）第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２によって構成されている。そして、貫通孔１０は、第一開口部１０ａ１から第二開口部１０ａ２に向かう方向に沿って、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の中心軸を構成する中心軸Ｌを有している。
第一孔壁面１０ｂ１は、第一開口部１０ａ１に隣接し、第一開口部１０ａ１から第二開口部１０ａ２に向かって貫通孔１０の中心軸Ｌに垂直な方向の断面積を減少させるようにして延びている。第二孔壁面１０ｂ２は、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二開口部１０ａ２に隣接し、第一開口部１０ａ１から第二開口部１０ａ２に向かって貫通孔１０の中心軸Ｌに垂直な方向の断面積を減少させるようにして延びている。 Further, the through hole 10 includes a first hole wall surface 10b1 and a second hole wall surface 10b2 whose inner wall surfaces are continuous with each other and have a truncated cone shape (that is, a part of the conical surface is formed). And the through-hole 10 has the central axis L which comprises the central axis of the 1st hole wall surface 10b1 and the 2nd hole wall surface 10b2 along the direction which goes to the 2nd opening part 10a2 from the 1st opening part 10a1. .
The first hole wall surface 10b1 is adjacent to the first opening 10a1, and reduces the cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the central axis L of the through hole 10 from the first opening 10a1 to the second opening 10a2. It extends. The second hole wall surface 10b2 is adjacent to the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second opening 10a2, and has a cross-sectional area in a direction perpendicular to the central axis L of the through hole 10 from the first opening 10a1 to the second opening 10a2. Extend so as to reduce.

そして、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２はそれぞれ、貫通孔１０の中心軸Ｌに対して、第二開口部１０ａ２から第一開口部１０ａ１に向かって外側に拡がるように傾斜する第一傾斜角α及び第二傾斜角βを形成している。さらに、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１の第一傾斜角αは、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の第二傾斜角βより小さくなっている。具体的には、第一傾斜角αは、１０°以上４５°未満の範囲の値をとり、第二傾斜角βは、４５°以上８０°以下の範囲の値をとる。さらに、その理由は後述するが、第二傾斜角βは、第一傾斜角αより３０°以上大きい角度であることが好ましく、７５°前後の値であることがより好ましい。また、第一傾斜角αは、１０°近傍であることが好ましい。
ここで、第一傾斜角αは第一角度を構成し、第二傾斜角βは第二角度を構成している。
なお、本実施の形態では、第一傾斜角αを１０°とし、第二傾斜角βを７５°としている。 The first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 are each inclined with respect to the central axis L of the through hole 10 so as to expand outward from the second opening 10a2 toward the first opening 10a1. An inclination angle α and a second inclination angle β are formed. Furthermore, the first inclination angle α of the first hole wall surface 10b1 is smaller than the second inclination angle β of the second hole wall surface 10b2. Specifically, the first inclination angle α takes a value in the range of 10 ° to less than 45 °, and the second inclination angle β takes a value in the range of 45 ° to 80 °. Furthermore, although the reason is mentioned later, it is preferable that the 2nd inclination angle (beta) is an angle 30 degrees or more larger than the 1st inclination angle (alpha), and it is more preferable that it is a value around 75 degrees. The first inclination angle α is preferably in the vicinity of 10 °.
Here, the first inclination angle α constitutes a first angle, and the second inclination angle β constitutes a second angle.
In the present embodiment, the first inclination angle α is 10 ° and the second inclination angle β is 75 °.

また、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１は、貫通孔１０において中心軸Ｌに沿った深さｄ１にわたり形成され、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２は、貫通孔１０において中心軸Ｌに沿った深さｄ２にわたり形成されている。第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の合計面積を大きくするために、深さｄ１は深さｄ２より大きくなるように設定され、さらに、その理由は後述するが、深さｄ１は、深さｄ２の２倍以上４倍以下であること、つまりｄ１：ｄ２が２：１以上４：１以下であることが好ましい。なお、本実施の形態では、ｄ１：ｄ２＝４：１としている。
そして、上述のようにして構成された集電体１０１は、斜め下方からみると図２の集電体１０１に示すようになる。 The first hole wall surface 10b1 is formed over the depth d1 along the central axis L in the through hole 10, and the second hole wall surface 10b2 is formed over the depth d2 along the central axis L in the through hole 10. Yes. In order to increase the total area of the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2, the depth d1 is set to be larger than the depth d2, and the reason for this will be described later. It is preferable that the distance d2 is not less than 2 times and not more than 4 times, that is, d1: d2 is not less than 2: 1 and not more than 4: 1. In the present embodiment, d1: d2 = 4: 1.
The current collector 101 configured as described above is as shown in the current collector 101 of FIG. 2 when viewed obliquely from below.

また、図１に戻り、集電体１０１を製造する場合、エッチング、打ち抜き等の方法を利用して板状の本体１に貫通孔１０を形成することによって行うことができる。
エッチングによる製造では、上面１ａ側より本体１に対してエッチングを行う。まず、貫通孔１０の第一孔壁面１０ｂ１部分の直径及び傾斜で穿孔するエッチング速度でエッチングを行い、深さｄ１まで穿孔するとエッチング速度を大幅に低下させ、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２部分の直径及び傾斜で穿孔するエッチング速度でエッチングを行い穿孔する。
また、打ち抜きによる製造では、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２からなる孔の形状をした外形をもつ孔開け工具を使用し、パンチング機によって穿孔する。 Returning to FIG. 1, the current collector 101 can be manufactured by forming the through-hole 10 in the plate-like main body 1 using a method such as etching or punching.
In the manufacturing by etching, the main body 1 is etched from the upper surface 1a side. First, etching is performed at an etching rate that drills at the diameter and inclination of the first hole wall surface 10b1 portion of the through hole 10, and when the hole is drilled to the depth d1, the etching rate is greatly reduced, and the diameter and inclination of the second hole wall surface 10b2 portion. Etching is performed at an etching rate for perforating.
Further, in the manufacturing by punching, a punching tool having an outer shape in the shape of a hole made up of the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 is used and punched by a punching machine.

また、製造された集電体１０１は、リチウムイオン二次電池の電極として使用するために、リチウムイオンを含むことができる活物質としての電極物質が担持される。
具体的には、図１の状態（１Ｂ）を参照すると、スラリー状の電極物質２０が、集電体１０１の本体１の上面１ａ全体に貫通孔１０も含め塗布される。さらに、アプリケータ３０が、塗布された電極物質２０の物質上面２０ａの上から、電極物質２０を本体１に向かって押し付けるように圧力を付与しつつ移動する。これによって、電極物質２０が貫通孔１０内に流入させられて内部を充填し、さらに、押し付けられることで電極物質２０の密度が増大すると共に本体１との密着度が高まる。そして、アプリケータ３０による処理後、電極物質２０を乾燥・固化させることによって電極１００が形成され、電極１００は斜め下方からみると図２に示すようになる。つまり、集電体１０１の片面の上面１ａに電極物質２０の層が形成され、集電体１０１の反対側の面の下面１ｂには、複数の第二開口部１０ａ２が開口し、第二開口部１０ａ２には充填された電極物質２０が見えるようになっている。 Moreover, since the manufactured current collector 101 is used as an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, an electrode material as an active material that can contain lithium ions is supported.
Specifically, referring to the state (1 </ b> B) of FIG. 1, the slurry-like electrode material 20 is applied to the entire upper surface 1 a of the main body 1 of the current collector 101 including the through holes 10. Further, the applicator 30 moves from above the material upper surface 20 a of the applied electrode material 20 while applying pressure so as to press the electrode material 20 toward the main body 1. As a result, the electrode material 20 is caused to flow into the through-hole 10 to fill the inside, and further pressed, thereby increasing the density of the electrode material 20 and increasing the degree of adhesion with the main body 1. And after the process by the applicator 30, the electrode 100 is formed by drying and solidifying the electrode substance 20, and the electrode 100 is as shown in FIG. That is, a layer of the electrode material 20 is formed on the upper surface 1a of one surface of the current collector 101, and a plurality of second openings 10a2 are opened on the lower surface 1b of the opposite surface of the current collector 101, and the second opening The filled electrode material 20 can be seen in the part 10a2.

このとき、図１に戻ると、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１が中心軸Ｌに対して傾斜しているため、第一開口部１０ａ１の周辺に生じやすい電極物質２０の塗り残しによる空隙の発生が抑えられ、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１全体に電極物質２０が塗布されている。
また、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２が中心軸Ｌに対して傾斜しているため、第二開口部１０ａ２の周辺に生じやすい電極物質２０の塗り残しによる空隙の発生が抑えられ、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２全体に電極物質２０が塗布されている。なお、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の第二傾斜角βが４５°以上８０°以下の範囲にある場合、電極物質２０は塗り残しが効果的に抑えられて第二孔壁面１０ｂ２全体にわたって塗布されることが、実験により明らかになっている。 At this time, returning to FIG. 1, since the first hole wall surface 10b1 is inclined with respect to the central axis L, the generation of voids due to the unpainted electrode material 20 that tends to occur around the first opening 10a1 is suppressed. The electrode material 20 is applied to the entire first hole wall surface 10b1.
Further, since the second hole wall surface 10b2 is inclined with respect to the central axis L, the generation of voids due to the unpainted electrode material 20 that tends to occur around the second opening 10a2 is suppressed, and the entire second hole wall surface 10b2 is suppressed. An electrode material 20 is applied to the substrate. In addition, when the second inclination angle β of the second hole wall surface 10b2 is in the range of 45 ° or more and 80 ° or less, the electrode material 20 is applied over the entire second hole wall surface 10b2 with the unpainted portion being effectively suppressed. However, it has become clear through experiments.

また、第二傾斜角βが４５°以上８０°以下（本実施の形態では７５°）という大きな角度で傾斜した第二孔壁面１０ｂ２は、アプリケータ３０によって付与される圧力を支持することができるため、電極物質２０は、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２に押し付けられて密着することができ、それにより第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２での塗り残しの発生を抑えることが可能になる。さらに、貫通孔１０の中心軸Ｌに垂直な方向の断面積が第二開口部１０ａ２の近傍で急激に減少しているため、第二開口部１０ａ２からの電極物質２０の脱落・液だれも抑制されている。   In addition, the second hole wall surface 10b2 inclined at a large angle such that the second inclination angle β is 45 ° or more and 80 ° or less (75 ° in the present embodiment) can support the pressure applied by the applicator 30. Therefore, the electrode material 20 can be pressed against and closely adhered to the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2, thereby suppressing the occurrence of unpainted portions on the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2. Is possible. Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the central axis L of the through-hole 10 is abruptly reduced in the vicinity of the second opening 10a2, the dropping and dripping of the electrode material 20 from the second opening 10a2 is also suppressed. Has been.

また、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２は、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の傾斜が第一孔壁面１０ｂ１より急となっているため、全体では下面１ｂへの斜め下方に向かってその途中で屈折するような断面形状を形成し、さらに第一孔壁面１０ｂ１と第二孔壁面１０ｂ２との接続部は鈍角をなす断面形状を形成している。このため、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１と第二孔壁面１０ｂ２との接続部での電極物質２０の塗り残しによる空隙の発生が抑えられる。   Further, the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 have a slope of the second hole wall surface 10b2 that is steeper than that of the first hole wall surface 10b1. A refracting cross-sectional shape is formed, and the connecting portion between the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 forms a cross-sectional shape having an obtuse angle. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the space | gap by the unpainted electrode substance 20 in the connection part of the 1st hole wall surface 10b1 and the 2nd hole wall surface 10b2 is suppressed.

ここで、第二開口部１０ａ２から上面１ａに向かって一定の傾斜角βの孔壁面を有する一定傾斜貫通孔１０ｖと、貫通孔１０とを比較する。一定傾斜貫通孔１０ｖは、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２と同じ傾斜角βで第二孔壁面１０ｂ２から上面１ａに向かって延びる第三孔壁面１０ｖ１と、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２とから、孔壁面が構成されている。また、上面１ａ及び第三孔壁面１０ｖ１の交差部１０ｖ２と第一開口部１０ａ１との間の上面領域を接触上面１０ｂ３とする。   Here, the constant inclination through hole 10v having a hole wall surface with a constant inclination angle β from the second opening 10a2 toward the upper surface 1a is compared with the through hole 10. The constant inclined through-hole 10v is composed of a third hole wall surface 10v1 extending from the second hole wall surface 10b2 toward the upper surface 1a at the same inclination angle β as the second hole wall surface 10b2, and a second hole wall surface 10b2. ing. Moreover, let the upper surface area | region between the crossing part 10v2 of the upper surface 1a and the 3rd hole wall surface 10v1 and the 1st opening part 10a1 be the contact upper surface 10b3.

このとき、本実施の形態の集電体１０１では、交差部１０ｖ２から第二開口部１０ａ２までの間で、接触上面１０ｂ３、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２で電極物質２０と接触している。一方、一定傾斜貫通孔１０ｖを有する場合、集電体は、交差部１０ｖ２から第二開口部１０ａ２までの間で、第三孔壁面１０ｖ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２で電極物質２０と接触する。このとき、本実施の形態の集電体１０１の方が電極物質２０との接触面積が大幅に大きくなっていることがわかる。
よって、単一の一定傾斜角度で孔壁面が形成された貫通孔の場合と比較すると、傾斜角度を途中で変化させて孔壁面を形成した貫通孔１０の場合の方が、集電体と電極物質２０との接触面積を増大させることができる。 At this time, in the current collector 101 of the present embodiment, the electrode material 20 is brought into contact with the contact upper surface 10b3, the first hole wall surface 10b1, and the second hole wall surface 10b2 between the intersection 10v2 and the second opening 10a2. ing. On the other hand, when it has the fixed inclination through-hole 10v, a collector contacts the electrode substance 20 by the 3rd hole wall surface 10v1 and the 2nd hole wall surface 10b2 between the crossing part 10v2 and the 2nd opening part 10a2. At this time, it can be seen that the current collector 101 of the present embodiment has a significantly larger contact area with the electrode material 20.
Therefore, as compared with the case of the through-hole in which the hole wall surface is formed at a single constant inclination angle, the current collector and the electrode are formed in the case of the through-hole 10 in which the inclination angle is changed midway to form the hole wall surface. The contact area with the substance 20 can be increased.

また、集電体１０１の貫通孔１０のように、中心軸Ｌに対する傾斜角が第一孔壁面１０ｂ１より第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の方が大きい場合、貫通孔１０における第一孔壁面１０ｂ１の深さｄ１が、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の深さｄ２に対して大きくなる方が、集電体１０１と電極物質２０との接触面積を効果的に増大させることができる。そして、深さｄ１：深さｄ２が２：１以上４：１以下となるように深さを設定した場合、集電体１０１と電極物質２０との接触面積は、一定傾斜貫通孔１０ｖを有する集電体より大幅に増大しており、集電体１０１の集電力も大きく向上することが、実験により明らかになっている。   Further, when the second hole wall surface 10b2 is larger in inclination angle with respect to the central axis L than the first hole wall surface 10b1 like the through hole 10 of the current collector 101, the depth of the first hole wall surface 10b1 in the through hole 10 is. As d1 becomes larger than the depth d2 of the second hole wall surface 10b2, the contact area between the current collector 101 and the electrode material 20 can be effectively increased. And when the depth is set so that the depth d1: the depth d2 is 2: 1 or more and 4: 1 or less, the contact area between the current collector 101 and the electrode material 20 has a constant inclined through hole 10v. Experiments have shown that the current collection is significantly greater than the current collector, and the power collection of the current collector 101 is also greatly improved.

さらに、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の第二傾斜角βを第一孔壁面１０ｂ１の第一傾斜角αより３０°以上大きい角度とすることによっても、集電体１０１と電極物質２０との接触面積を効果的に増大させることができ、集電体１０１の集電力が大きく向上することが、実験により明らかになっている。
特に、本実施の形態の集電体１０１の場合、第二開口部１０ａ２で開口する直管状の貫通孔を有する集電体と同等の集電力を得ることができる。
従って、上述のようにして集電体１０１を形成することによって、貫通孔１０の孔壁面全体に電極物質２０を塗布することができると共に、十分な集電力を確保することができる。 Furthermore, the contact area between the current collector 101 and the electrode material 20 is also increased by setting the second inclination angle β of the second hole wall surface 10b2 to be 30 ° or more larger than the first inclination angle α of the first hole wall surface 10b1. It can be effectively increased, and experiments show that the power collection of the current collector 101 is greatly improved.
In particular, in the case of the current collector 101 of the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain a current collection equivalent to that of a current collector having a straight tubular through hole that opens at the second opening 10a2.
Therefore, by forming the current collector 101 as described above, the electrode material 20 can be applied to the entire hole wall surface of the through hole 10, and sufficient power collection can be ensured.

また、集電体１０１に電極物質２０を塗布して形成された電極１００は、図３に１つの例として示すように、リチウムイオン二次電池５０に使用される。
図３を参照すると、状態（３Ａ）は、リチウムイオン二次電池５０の製造工程の途中の段階の状態を示し、電極１００を積層して組み付け、リチウムイオンを負極にドープさせる段階のリチウムイオン二次電池５０を示している。状態（３Ｂ）は、リチウムイオンのドープ後つまり出荷段階のリチウムイオン二次電池５０を示している。 The electrode 100 formed by applying the electrode material 20 to the current collector 101 is used in a lithium ion secondary battery 50 as shown as an example in FIG.
Referring to FIG. 3, the state (3A) shows a state in the middle of the manufacturing process of the lithium ion secondary battery 50, in which the electrode 100 is stacked and assembled, and the lithium ion secondary in the step of doping the lithium ion into the negative electrode. The secondary battery 50 is shown. The state (3B) shows the lithium ion secondary battery 50 after being doped with lithium ions, that is, at the shipping stage.

状態（３Ａ）を参照すると、リチウムイオン二次電池５０では、電極１００を積層して組立体５０ａが形成されている。組立体５０ａでは、負極用の電極物質２０ｎが集電体１０１の片面に担持された負極電極１００ｂが、積層された電極の両端に配置され、両端の負極電極１００ｂそれぞれの内側には、正極用の電極物質２０ｐが集電体１０１の片面に担持された正極電極１００ａが設けられている。さらに、正極電極１００ａ同士の間には、集電体１０１の両面に負極用の電極物質２０ｎが担持された負極電極１００ｃが設けられている。そして、負極電極１００ｂ及び１００ｃと正極電極１００ａとの間には、内部にセパレータ２００ａを含む電解質層２００が形成されている。なお、セパレータ２００ａは、正極電極１００ａと負極電極１００ｂ及び１００ｃとが直接接触することを防ぐためのものである。また、両端の負極電極１００ｂの外側の表面には、リチウムを含むスラリーが塗布されてリチウム層３００が形成されている。   Referring to the state (3A), in the lithium ion secondary battery 50, the electrode 100 is laminated to form an assembly 50a. In the assembly 50a, the negative electrode 100b in which the negative electrode material 20n is carried on one surface of the current collector 101 is disposed at both ends of the stacked electrodes, and the negative electrode 100b at both ends is disposed inside the positive electrode. A positive electrode 100 a is provided on which the electrode material 20 p is supported on one surface of the current collector 101. Furthermore, between the positive electrodes 100a, a negative electrode 100c in which a negative electrode material 20n is supported on both surfaces of the current collector 101 is provided. An electrolyte layer 200 including a separator 200a is formed between the negative electrodes 100b and 100c and the positive electrode 100a. The separator 200a is for preventing the positive electrode 100a and the negative electrodes 100b and 100c from coming into direct contact. Also, a lithium layer 300 is formed on the outer surfaces of the negative electrode 100b at both ends by applying a slurry containing lithium.

そして、負極電極１００ｂ及び１００ｃに直流電源６０の正極が接続され、リチウム層３００に直流電源６０の負極が接続される。直流電源６０によって組立体５０ａに電流が流されると、リチウム層３００のリチウム元素がリチウムイオン（Ｌｉ＋）となり、負極電極１００ｂの電極物質２０ｎに流入して一部が捕捉される。さらに、捕捉されなかったその他のリチウムイオンは、負極電極１００ｂの集電体１０１の貫通孔１０（図１参照）、電解質層２００、正極電極１００ａ、及び電解質層２００を順次通過して、負極電極１００ｃの電極物質２０ｎに流入して捕捉される。これによって、負極電極１００ｂ及び１００ｃのそれぞれの電極物質２０ｎには、リチウム元素がドープされる。 The positive electrode of the DC power supply 60 is connected to the negative electrodes 100 b and 100 c, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply 60 is connected to the lithium layer 300. When a current is passed through the assembly 50a by the DC power source 60, the lithium element in the lithium layer 300 becomes lithium ions (Li + ), and flows into the electrode material 20n of the negative electrode 100b and is partially captured. Furthermore, the other lithium ions that have not been trapped sequentially pass through the through-hole 10 (see FIG. 1) of the current collector 101 of the negative electrode 100b, the electrolyte layer 200, the positive electrode 100a, and the electrolyte layer 200, and thus the negative electrode It flows into the electrode material 20n of 100c and is captured. As a result, each of the electrode materials 20n of the negative electrodes 100b and 100c is doped with lithium element.

さらに、状態（３Ｂ）を参照すると、リチウム元素のドープ後のリチウムイオン二次電池５０の組立体５０ａは、直流電源６０が外され、電池外部に電流を取り出すために、正極電極１００ａの各集電体１０１に正極タブ５０ｐが接続され、負極電極１００ｂ及び１００ｃの各集電体１０１に負極タブ５０ｎが接続される。そして、リチウムイオン二次電池５０は、正極タブ５０ｐ及び負極タブ５０ｎを電気機器Ｅの図示しない端子等に接続させて使用され、リチウムイオンの電極間の移動を利用して、電気機器Ｅへの電流の供給及び電気機器Ｅからの電気の蓄電を行う。   Further, referring to the state (3B), in the assembly 50a of the lithium ion secondary battery 50 after doping with lithium element, the DC power source 60 is removed, and each assembly of the positive electrode 100a is extracted in order to take out current from the battery. The positive electrode tab 50p is connected to the electric current body 101, and the negative electrode tab 50n is connected to each current collector 101 of the negative electrode 100b and 100c. The lithium ion secondary battery 50 is used by connecting the positive electrode tab 50p and the negative electrode tab 50n to a terminal or the like (not shown) of the electric device E, and uses the movement of lithium ions between the electrodes to connect to the electric device E. Supplying current and storing electricity from the electric device E are performed.

上述のように、この発明の実施の形態に係る集電体１０１は、複数の貫通孔１０が形成された板状の本体１からなり、貫通孔１０は、第一開口部１０ａ１と、本体１における第一開口部１０ａ１を有する側の上面１ａと反対側の下面１ｂに形成され且つ第一開口部１０ａ１より開口面積が小さい第二開口部１０ａ２と、第一開口部１０ａ１に隣接し且つ第一開口部１０ａ１から第二開口部１０ａ２に向かって貫通孔１０の中心方向に傾斜した第一孔壁面１０ｂ１と、第二開口部１０ａ２に隣接し且つ第一開口部１０ａ１から第二開口部１０ａ２に向かって貫通孔１０の中心方向に傾斜した第二孔壁面１０ｂ２とを有する。第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２は、円錐面の一部を形成し、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１と貫通孔１０の中心軸Ｌとがなす第一角度αが、第二孔壁面１０ｂ２と中心軸Ｌとがなす第二角度βより小さい。   As described above, the current collector 101 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the plate-like main body 1 in which a plurality of through holes 10 are formed. The through hole 10 includes the first opening 10a1 and the main body 1. The second opening 10a2 is formed on the lower surface 1b opposite to the upper surface 1a on the side having the first opening 10a1 and has a smaller opening area than the first opening 10a1, and is adjacent to the first opening 10a1 and the first opening 10a1. A first hole wall surface 10b1 inclined in the central direction of the through hole 10 from the opening 10a1 toward the second opening 10a2, and adjacent to the second opening 10a2 and from the first opening 10a1 toward the second opening 10a2. And the second hole wall surface 10b2 inclined in the center direction of the through hole 10. The first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 form a part of a conical surface, and the first angle α formed by the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the central axis L of the through hole 10 is the same as that of the second hole wall surface 10b2. It is smaller than the second angle β formed by the central axis L.

これによって、貫通孔１０の第一開口部１０ａ１から第二開口部１０ａ２に向かう方向の中心軸Ｌに対する傾斜が、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１より第二孔壁面１０ｂ２の方が大きくなっている。このため、第一開口部１０ａ１から貫通孔１０に電極物質２０を充填する場合、第二開口部１０ａ２からの脱落・液だれを抑制することができる。また、本体１に電極物質２０を塗布する場合に、第一開口部１０ａ１側から電極物質２０を塗布し圧力を加える際、中心軸Ｌに対する傾斜が大きい第二孔壁面１０ｂ２が圧力を支持することができるため、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２全体に対して電極物質２０が押し付けられることができ、電極物質２０の塗り残しを防ぐと共に電極物質２０を第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２に密着させることが可能になる。また、本体１は、単一の一定傾斜で形成された孔壁面からなる貫通孔を有する場合より、傾斜が異なる第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２からなる貫通孔１０を有することによって、本体１と電極物質２０との接触面積を増大させ集電率を向上させることができる。   As a result, the inclination of the through hole 10 with respect to the central axis L in the direction from the first opening 10a1 to the second opening 10a2 is larger in the second hole wall surface 10b2 than in the first hole wall surface 10b1. For this reason, when filling the through-hole 10 with the electrode substance 20 from the 1st opening part 10a1, it can suppress the drop-off and dripping from the 2nd opening part 10a2. Further, when the electrode material 20 is applied to the main body 1, when the electrode material 20 is applied from the first opening 10a1 side and pressure is applied, the second hole wall surface 10b2 having a large inclination with respect to the central axis L supports the pressure. Therefore, the electrode material 20 can be pressed against the entire first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2, thereby preventing the electrode material 20 from being left uncoated, and the electrode material 20 to the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b1. It becomes possible to make it closely_contact | adhere to the hole wall surface 10b2. Further, the main body 1 has the through-holes 10 made of the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 having different inclinations than the case of having the through-holes made of the hole wall surface formed with a single constant inclination, The contact area between the main body 1 and the electrode material 20 can be increased and the current collection rate can be improved.

また、実施の形態に係る集電体１０１の貫通孔１０は、中心軸Ｌに垂直な方向の断面形状が円形の第一孔壁面１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２を有していたがこれに限定されるものでない。図４の集電体２０１の貫通孔２１０のように、矩形状の断面形状をした第一孔壁面２１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面２１０ｂ２を有し、矩形状の第一開口部２１０ａ１及び第二開口部２１０ａ２で開口していてもよい。又は、貫通孔は、矩形以外の多角形若しくは楕円形状の断面形状を有していてもよい。
また、実施の形態に係る集電体１０１，２０１では、貫通孔１０，２１０は傾斜が異なる２つの孔壁面、第一孔壁面１０ｂ１，２１０ｂ１及び第二孔壁面１０ｂ２，２１０ｂ２を有していたがこれに限定されるものでなく、３つ以上の傾斜が異なる孔壁面を有していてもよい。 In addition, the through hole 10 of the current collector 101 according to the embodiment has the first hole wall surface 10b1 and the second hole wall surface 10b2 whose cross-sectional shapes in the direction perpendicular to the central axis L are circular, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is not what is done. Like the through hole 210 of the current collector 201 in FIG. 4, the first hole wall surface 210b1 and the second hole wall surface 210b2 have a rectangular cross section, and the rectangular first opening 210a1 and second opening You may open by 210a2. Alternatively, the through hole may have a polygonal or elliptical cross-sectional shape other than a rectangle.
In addition, in current collectors 101 and 201 according to the embodiment, through holes 10 and 210 have two hole wall surfaces with different inclinations, first hole wall surfaces 10b1 and 210b1, and second hole wall surfaces 10b2 and 210b2. It is not limited to this, You may have the hole wall surface from which three or more inclinations differ.

また、実施の形態では、集電体１０１，２０１に電極物質２０を担持させた電極１００は、リチウムイオン二次電池の電極に使用されていたがこれに限定されるものでなく、他の二次電池の電極又はキャパシタ用の電極に使用されてもよい。
また、実施の形態の集電体１０１，２０１では、貫通孔１０，２１０は本体１の内部に形成されていたがこれに限定されるものでなく、本体１から突出するように形成されてもよい。 In the embodiment, the electrode 100 in which the electrode material 20 is supported on the current collectors 101 and 201 is used as an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be used as an electrode for a secondary battery or an electrode for a capacitor.
Further, in the current collectors 101 and 201 of the embodiment, the through holes 10 and 210 are formed inside the main body 1, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be formed so as to protrude from the main body 1. Good.

１ 本体（板状部材）、１０ 貫通孔、１０ａ１ 第一開口部、１０ａ２ 第二開口部、１０ｂ１ 第一孔壁面、１０ｂ２ 第二孔壁面、１０１，２０１ 集電体。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body (plate-shaped member), 10 Through-hole, 10a1 1st opening part, 10a2 2nd opening part, 10b1 1st hole wall surface, 10b2 2nd hole wall surface, 101,201 Current collector.

Claims (3)

二次電池又はキャパシタ用の集電体において、
前記集電体は、複数の貫通孔が形成された板状部材であり、
前記貫通孔は、
第一開口部と、
前記板状部材における前記第一開口部を有する側と反対面に形成され且つ前記第一開口部より開口面積が小さい第二開口部と、
前記第一開口部に隣接し且つ前記第一開口部から前記第二開口部に向かって前記貫通孔の中心方向に傾斜した第一孔壁面と、
前記第二開口部に隣接し且つ前記第一開口部から前記第二開口部に向かって前記貫通孔の中心方向に傾斜した第二孔壁面とを有し、
前記第一孔壁面及び前記第二孔壁面は、円錐面の一部を形成し、
前記第一孔壁面と前記貫通孔の軸とがなす第一角度が、前記第二孔壁面と前記貫通孔の軸とがなす第二角度より小さい集電体。 In a current collector for a secondary battery or a capacitor,
The current collector is a plate-like member in which a plurality of through holes are formed,
The through hole is
A first opening;
A second opening formed on a surface opposite to the side having the first opening in the plate-like member and having an opening area smaller than that of the first opening;
A first hole wall surface adjacent to the first opening and inclined toward the center of the through hole from the first opening toward the second opening;
A second hole wall surface that is adjacent to the second opening and that is inclined from the first opening toward the second opening toward the center of the through hole;
The first hole wall surface and the second hole wall surface form a part of a conical surface,
A current collector in which a first angle formed by the first hole wall surface and the axis of the through hole is smaller than a second angle formed by the second hole wall surface and the axis of the through hole. 前記貫通孔での前記第一孔壁面の深さが、前記貫通孔での前記第二孔壁面の深さの２倍以上４倍以下の範囲である請求項１に記載の集電体。   2. The current collector according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the first hole wall surface in the through hole is in a range of 2 to 4 times a depth of the second hole wall surface in the through hole. 前記貫通孔の軸に対する前記第二孔壁面の傾斜角が、前記貫通孔の軸に対する前記第一孔壁面の傾斜角より３０°以上大きい請求項１または２に記載の集電体。   The current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inclination angle of the second hole wall surface with respect to the axis of the through hole is 30 ° or more larger than an inclination angle of the first hole wall surface with respect to the axis of the through hole.
JP2011209093A 2011-09-26 2011-09-26 Collector for secondary battery or capacitor Withdrawn JP2013069632A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015167192A (en) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-24 旭化成パックス株式会社 Punched thin film and power storage device using the same
US10062907B2 (en) * 2013-05-09 2018-08-28 Asahi Kasei Pax Corporation Perforated film, coating film, and electricity storage device
WO2019125064A1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 주식회사 엘지화학 Negative electrode for lithium metal battery, and lithium metal battery comprising same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10062907B2 (en) * 2013-05-09 2018-08-28 Asahi Kasei Pax Corporation Perforated film, coating film, and electricity storage device
JP2015167192A (en) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-24 旭化成パックス株式会社 Punched thin film and power storage device using the same
WO2019125064A1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 주식회사 엘지화학 Negative electrode for lithium metal battery, and lithium metal battery comprising same

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