JP2013063023A - Oyster seedling collector and method for collecting oyster seedling - Google Patents

Oyster seedling collector and method for collecting oyster seedling Download PDF

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JP2013063023A
JP2013063023A JP2011202294A JP2011202294A JP2013063023A JP 2013063023 A JP2013063023 A JP 2013063023A JP 2011202294 A JP2011202294 A JP 2011202294A JP 2011202294 A JP2011202294 A JP 2011202294A JP 2013063023 A JP2013063023 A JP 2013063023A
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Moriyasu Tokiwai
守泰 常磐井
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NUSAC Inc
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oyster seedling collector facilitating separation of young shellfish from a plate material, hardly damaging the young shellfish when separating the young shellfish, and further, capable of re-using the plate material, and to provide a method for collecting oyster seedling.SOLUTION: The oyster seedling collector includes a plurality of pieces of plate materials and a connecting member for connecting the plate materials each other, wherein the plate materials are formed of titanium, titanium alloy or stainless steel and is deformable so as to form a curved part having a ridge line. When the plate materials are cut in a plane surface orthogonal to the ridge line in a state of forming the curved part by deforming the plate materials, a top corresponding to the ridge line and a profile line of the curved part are provided on the cut surface. When a tangent of an outer peripheral line at an end point A having a longer distance from the top out of the two end points of the outer peripheral line including the top of the profile line is denoted as a straight line Q, and a straight line in parallel to the tangent of the outer peripheral line in the top and passing the end point A is denoted as a reference line S, the angle formed by the straight line Q and the reference line S is at least 20°. The method for collecting the oyster seedling using the seedling collector is provided.

Description

この発明は、カキの採苗器及びカキの養殖方法に関し、更に詳しくは原盤からの稚貝の分離が容易であり、かつ稚貝の分離に際して稚貝に損傷を与え難く、更に原盤を再利用することのできるカキの採苗器及びカキの採苗方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an oyster seedling device and an oyster culture method, and more particularly, it is easy to separate juveniles from the master and is difficult to damage the juveniles when separating juveniles, and the master is reused. The present invention relates to an oyster seedling device and a method for collecting oysters.

カキ、特にマガキの養殖事業者の商品としては、殻を除去した剥き身のカキ、殻が付いたままの殻付きのカキに大別される。また、カキは、利用態様に応じて、加熱工程を経る調理用と、加熱工程を経ない生食用とに分類することができる。   The products of oysters, especially oyster farmers, are roughly classified into striped oysters with shells removed and shelled oysters with shells attached. Moreover, oysters can be classified into cooking for passing through a heating process and raw eating without passing through a heating process, depending on the mode of use.

剥き身のカキはカキフライ又はカキ鍋等の調理用の食材として利用され、60℃以上の熱で死滅するノロウィルス中毒の心配が無い。これに対して、殻付きのカキは生食用の食材として利用される。なお、通常、殻付きのカキは剥き身のカキに比べて高価格で取引されるが、殻付きのカキは、カキの殻と身とが厚く、外観も良い個体である必要があるので、高品質の個体を多く養殖することは多大な労力と手間とがかかる。   Stripped oysters are used as cooking ingredients such as fried oysters or oyster pots, and there is no worry of norovirus poisoning that is killed by heat of 60 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, shelled oysters are used as raw food ingredients. In addition, shelled oysters are usually traded at a higher price than stripped oysters, but shelled oysters need to be thick and have a good appearance. It takes a lot of labor and labor to cultivate many individuals of quality.

殻付きのカキを専門的に養殖している養殖事業者は、カキの稚貝を一個一個、個別に養殖する。具体的に用いられている養殖方法としては、例えば「耳吊り法」及び「セメント固化法」等を挙げることができる。なお、両方法において、幼生から稚貝に成長するまで付着していた対象物から稚貝が一旦分離され、更に殻長が5〜10cm程度になるまで籠等に投入されて成長した稚貝を用いることは共通している。   Farmers who specially cultivate shelled oysters individually cultivate oyster shells one by one. Specific examples of the aquaculture method that can be used include an “ear-hanging method” and a “cement solidification method”. In both methods, the larvae that were once grown after being separated from the object that had been attached until they grew from larvae to larvae and then put into a salmon or the like until the shell length reached about 5 to 10 cm. It is common to use.

前記「耳吊り法」は、稚貝の蝶番に孔を設けて、ロープを挿通した上で海中に吊下する方法であり、主に岩手県の大船渡湾及び山田湾等で採用されている。3年程度の期間に亘って育成するので、カキの殻及び身が大きくなる。前記「セメント固化法」は、稚貝をセメントでロープに直接固定して海中に吊下する方法であって、「耳吊り法」のように孔を設ける工程が不要であり、主に宮城県気仙沼の舞根湾等で採用されている。   The “ear-hanging method” is a method in which a hole is formed in a juvenile clam hinge and a rope is inserted to suspend it in the sea, and is mainly used in Ofunato Bay and Yamada Bay in Iwate Prefecture. Since it grows over a period of about 3 years, the oyster shell and body become large. The above-mentioned “cement solidification method” is a method in which juveniles are directly fixed to a rope with cement and suspended in the sea, and there is no need to provide a hole as in the “ear suspension method”. It is used in Kesennuma's Maine Bay.

カキの養殖は、採苗という種ガキの採取をすることから始まる。従来においては、帆立貝の殻の中央に貫通孔を設け、70枚程の帆立貝が連なるように亜鉛被膜の鋼線を貫通孔に挿通して成る採苗器を用いることが多い。   Oyster farming begins with collecting seed oysters called seedlings. Conventionally, a seedling device is often used in which a through hole is provided in the center of a scallop shell and a zinc-coated steel wire is inserted into the through hole so that about 70 scallop shells are connected.

採苗器に付着した幼生は時間と共にその形態を変化させ、数週間程度で殻を持つカキの稚貝と成る。なお、帆立貝を連ねた採苗器を用いた場合に、カキの稚貝と帆立貝とを強い力で分離させようとすると、柔らかい成長途上の稚貝の殻が損傷して死滅する率が高い。したがって、採苗器における帆立貝等の原盤に稚貝を固着させたままで育成する。   The larvae attached to the seedling device change its shape with time and become oysters with shells in several weeks. In addition, when a seedling device with scallops is used, if the oyster scallops and scallops are separated with a strong force, the rate at which the softly growing scallop shells are damaged and killed is high. Therefore, the larvae are cultivated while they are fixed to a master such as scallops in a seedling device.

通常、帆立貝を用いた採苗器では、原盤同士の間隔が15mm程度であり、大きく成長するには狭過ぎるので、例えば採苗器を一旦解体し、原盤同士の間隔を80〜100mm程度に変更して組み直す方法、又は、撚り解いたロープを再度撚る時に原盤を挟み込む方法等を採用することによって、稚貝をより多くの海水と接触させ、プランクトンを食べさせて大きく成長させる。   Usually, in a seedling device using scallops, the distance between the masters is about 15 mm, which is too narrow for large growth. For example, the seeder is once disassembled and the distance between the masters is changed to about 80 to 100 mm. Then, by adopting a method of reassembling, or a method of sandwiching the master when the twisted rope is twisted again, the juvenile is brought into contact with more seawater, and plankton is eaten to grow greatly.

採苗後に原盤の設置方向を変更する発明が特許文献1に記載されている。特許文献1には、発明の構成が「厚み方向と直交する方向にワイヤーやロープ等を通す貫通孔を設けたことを特徴とする」と記載されており、技術的効果として「ワイヤーやロープ等を貫通孔に通すだけで誰でもが簡単かつ容易に種板を縦向きに能率よく取り付けることができ、種板を取り外すのも最下部の針金やロープ等で形成されるストッパーを切断するだけで従前と同様、容易にできる」と記載されている(特許文献1の請求項1及び段落番号0016欄参照。)。   Patent Document 1 discloses an invention for changing the installation direction of a master after seedling. In Patent Document 1, the configuration of the invention is described as “characterized by providing a through-hole through which a wire, a rope or the like is passed in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction”. Anyone can easily and easily attach the seed plate vertically and simply by passing it through the through-hole, and removing the seed plate can be done simply by cutting the stopper formed by the bottom wire, rope, etc. It can be easily done as before "(see claim 1 and paragraph number 0016 of Patent Document 1).

なお、稚貝を原盤上で育成する期間は、8ヶ月〜1年程度であることが多い。原盤上での育成が完了した稚貝は、原盤から分離される。この後においても殻付きのカキを養殖する場合は、如何にしてカキの殻を破損しないように原盤から分離するかが重要である。通常、稚貝を原盤から分離するときには、稚貝が10cm程度にまで成長しているが、分離の際に殻が破損した一部の稚貝は死ぬことになり、約半数のカキが分離の際に死ぬと言われている。   In many cases, the period of raising young shellfish on the master is about 8 months to 1 year. The larvae that have been grown on the master are separated from the master. Even after this, when culturing shelled oysters, it is important to separate the oyster shells from the master so as not to damage them. Normally, when separating larvae from the master, the larvae have grown to about 10 cm, but some larvae that have broken shells during the separation will die, and about half of the oysters will be separated. It is said to die.

貝類の幼生を採苗し、かつ稚貝を分離し易い装置が特許文献2に記載されている。特許文献2には、考案の構成として「ポリカーボネ−トプラスチック板により付着板を構成し、該付着板の上部と下部に、釣り下げ用,重錘取付用又は他の付着板との連結用の少くとも1個の孔をそれぞれ設けたことを特徴とする」と記載されており、技術的効果として「ポリカーボネートプラスチックやモルタルは浮遊している稚貝の付着に好適であるので、上記付着板を海中又は人工池中に吊り下げておくことにより稚貝が付着し、所定期間後に引き上げ、へら状の擦り落しナイフで付着板表面より付着稚貝を擦り落すことにより、目的とする貝類の採苗を能率的に行うことができ、採苗作業の労力軽減をはかることができる」と記載されている(特許文献2の請求項1及び段落番号0007欄参照。)。   Patent Document 2 describes an apparatus that collects shellfish larvae and easily separates shellfish. In Patent Document 2, as a constitution of the invention, “adhesion plates are constituted by polycarbonate plastic plates, and the upper and lower portions of the adhesion plates are used for fishing, for attaching weights or for connecting with other adhesion plates. As a technical effect, “polycarbonate plastic or mortar is suitable for adhering floating larvae. Seedling of the target shellfish by attaching the juvenile shellfish by hanging it in the sea or an artificial pond, pulling it up after a predetermined period, and scraping the juvenile shellfish from the surface of the attachment plate with a spatula scraping knife. Can be efficiently performed and the labor of the seedling work can be reduced "(see claim 1 and paragraph number 0007 column of Patent Document 2).

従来の帆立貝を用いる採苗器は、稚貝と原盤とを分離するときに、原盤が破損することが多く、更に通常使い捨てにされることが多い。廃棄された帆立貝は粉砕されて肥料等に利用されることもあるが、カキ等の貝類の養殖が盛んな地域では、原盤である帆立貝の廃棄量だけでも膨大な量になるので、採苗器の後処理工程が多く、環境負荷も大きくなる。   In a conventional seedling device using scallops, when the juvenile shells and the master disc are separated, the master disc is often damaged, and moreover, it is usually disposable. Discarded scallops may be crushed and used for fertilizers, but in areas where oysters and other shellfish are cultivated, the amount of discarded scallops alone is a huge amount. There are many post-processing steps and the environmental load is also increased.

よって、原盤からの稚貝の分離が容易であり、かつ稚貝の分離に際して稚貝に損傷を与え難く、更に原盤を再利用することのできる採苗器及びその採苗器を用いたカキの採苗方法が要求されていた。   Therefore, it is easy to separate the larvae from the master, and it is difficult to damage the larvae during the separation of the larvae, and the oyster using the seeder can be reused. A seedling method was required.

特開平9−294498号公報JP-A-9-294498 実開平5−9268号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-9268

この発明が解決しようとする課題は、板材からの稚貝の分離が容易であり、かつ稚貝の分離に際して稚貝に損傷を与え難く、更に板材を再利用することのできるカキの採苗器を提供することである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the oyster seedling device is easy to separate the larvae from the plate material, is difficult to damage the larvae during the separation of the larvae, and can further reuse the plate material Is to provide.

この発明が解決しようとする別の課題は、前記採苗器を用いたカキの採苗方法であって、カキの稚貝と板材との分離作業の時間短縮、及び稚貝の取扱いの簡素化が可能であるカキの採苗方法を提供することである。   Another problem to be solved by the present invention is a method for seedling oysters using the seedling device, which shortens the time for separating the oyster shells from the plate material and simplifies handling of the shellfish It is to provide a method for seedling oysters.

前記課題を解決するための手段は、
(1)複数枚の板材と、前記板材同士を連結する連結部材とを備え、
前記板材は、チタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成され、かつ稜線を有する湾曲部を形成するように変形可能であり、
前記板材を変形させて前記湾曲部を形成した状態で、前記稜線に直交する平面で前記板材を切断したとき、その切断面に前記稜線に対応する頂点と前記湾曲部の輪郭線があり、前記輪郭線のうち前記頂点を含む外周線における2つの端点のうち、前記頂点からの距離が長い方の端点Aにおける前記外周線の接線を直線Q、前記頂点における前記外周線の接線に平行な直線であって前記端点Aを通る直線を基準線Sとすると、前記直線Qと前記基準線Sとのなす角が少なくとも20°であることを特徴とするカキの採苗器、
(2)前記板材はチタン又はチタン合金により形成されることを特徴とする前記(1)に記載の採苗器、
(3)前記板材が矩形状を成すと共に、貫通孔を有し、
前記連結部材がワイヤ部材であり、
前記板材の前記貫通孔に前記連結部材を挿通して成る前記(1)又は(2)に記載の採苗器、
(4)前記(1)〜(3)のいずれか1つに記載の採苗器を海水中に浸漬する浸漬工程、
カキの幼生が海水中に浸漬された前記板材に付着するまで前記採苗器を放置する放置工程、
前記カキの幼生を前記板材に付着させた状態で、稚貝に成長するまで待つ待機工程、及び、
幼生から稚貝に成長したカキが付着する前記板材を、変形させることにより、前記板材とカキの稚貝とを分離する分離工程を備えることを特徴とするカキの採苗方法、並びに
(5)前記放置工程が、前記板材の向きを変更する板材転向工程を含む前記(5)に記載のカキの採苗方法である。
Means for solving the problems are as follows:
(1) comprising a plurality of plate members and a connecting member for connecting the plate members;
The plate is formed of titanium, a titanium alloy, or stainless steel, and is deformable to form a curved portion having a ridgeline,
When the plate material is cut in a plane orthogonal to the ridge line in a state where the plate material is deformed to form the curved portion, the cut surface has a vertex corresponding to the ridge line and a contour line of the curved portion, Of the two end points on the outer peripheral line including the vertex among the contour lines, the tangent of the outer peripheral line at the end point A having the longer distance from the vertex is a straight line Q, and the straight line parallel to the tangent of the outer peripheral line at the vertex And when a straight line passing through the end point A is a reference line S, an angle formed by the straight line Q and the reference line S is at least 20 °,
(2) The seedling device according to (1), wherein the plate material is formed of titanium or a titanium alloy,
(3) The plate material has a rectangular shape and has a through hole,
The connecting member is a wire member;
The seedling device according to (1) or (2), wherein the connecting member is inserted into the through hole of the plate material,
(4) Immersion step of immersing the seedling device according to any one of (1) to (3) in seawater,
A neglecting step in which the seedling device is left until the oyster larvae adheres to the plate immersed in seawater;
In a state where the oyster larvae are attached to the plate material, a waiting process for waiting until the oysters grow into juveniles;
A method for collecting oysters, comprising a separation step of separating the plate material from the oyster shell of oysters by deforming the plate material to which oysters grown from larvae to juveniles adhere, and (5) The oyster seedling method according to (5), wherein the leaving step includes a plate material turning step of changing a direction of the plate material.

この発明に係る採苗器によると、板材がチタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成され、所定の湾曲部を形成するように変形可能であるので、板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成するだけで板材から稚貝を容易に分離することができる。また、板材から稚貝を分離する際に、板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成すること以外の操作を基本的に必要としないので、稚貝に必要以上の損傷を与えることがなく、稚貝の殻が損傷することによる死滅率を低減することができる。さらに、板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成するだけで板材と稚貝とを分離することができるので、板材から稚貝を分離する際に板材が破損することがなく、板材を再利用することができる。   According to the seedling device according to the present invention, the plate material is formed of titanium, titanium alloy, or stainless steel, and can be deformed so as to form a predetermined curved portion. Therefore, the plate material is deformed to form the curved portion. It is possible to easily separate the larvae from the board. In addition, when separating the juvenile from the plate, there is basically no need to perform any operation other than deforming the plate to form a curved portion, so that the juvenile does not cause any damage more than necessary. The death rate due to damage to the shell of the shell can be reduced. Furthermore, since the plate material and the juvenile can be separated simply by forming the curved portion by deforming the plate material, the plate material is not damaged when separating the juvenile from the plate material, and the plate material is reused. Can do.

この発明の好ましい態様によると、板材がチタン又はチタン合金により形成されているので、海水中での耐腐食性に優れ、板材の劣化が抑制される。また、チタン及びチタン合金は耐酸性に優れるので、板材から稚貝を分離する際に稚貝の殻が板材の表面に残ってしまったとしても、酸性の薬品を利用して板材の表面に付着している稚貝の殻を容易に取り除くことができる。したがって、元の板材の状態に近い状態で板材を再利用することができる。さらに軽量であるので取り扱い易く、作業性が良好である。   According to the preferable aspect of this invention, since the board | plate material is formed of titanium or a titanium alloy, it is excellent in the corrosion resistance in seawater, and deterioration of a board | plate material is suppressed. Titanium and titanium alloys have excellent acid resistance, so even if the shells of the larvae remain on the surface of the plate when separating the larvae from the plate, they adhere to the surface of the plate using acidic chemicals. You can easily remove the larva shells. Therefore, the plate material can be reused in a state close to the state of the original plate material. Furthermore, since it is lightweight, it is easy to handle and workability is good.

また、この発明に係る採苗方法によると、チタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成され、所定の湾曲部を形成するように変形可能な板材を有する採苗器を浸漬し、放置し、待機し、変形させるだけで、板材から分離された稚貝を容易に得ることができる。また、この発明に係る採苗方法によると、板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成するだけで、板材から稚貝を分離することができるので、必要以上に稚貝に損傷を与えることがなく、稚貝の死滅率を低減することができる。   Further, according to the seedling method according to the present invention, a seedling device that is formed of titanium, titanium alloy, or stainless steel and has a plate material that can be deformed so as to form a predetermined curved portion is immersed, left, and waited. Then, the larvae separated from the plate material can be easily obtained simply by deforming them. In addition, according to the seedling method according to the present invention, it is possible to separate the larvae from the plate material only by forming the curved portion by deforming the plate material, so that the larvae are not damaged more than necessary, The kill rate of juvenile shellfish can be reduced.

更に、この発明の好ましい態様によると、放置工程の間に板材の向きを変更することによって、海中の環境及び海流等に合わせて幼生が板材に付着する状況を実現することができるので、採苗効率の高いカキの採苗方法を提供することができる。   Furthermore, according to a preferred aspect of the present invention, by changing the direction of the plate material during the leaving step, it is possible to realize a situation where the larvae adhere to the plate material in accordance with the environment in the sea and the ocean current. A highly efficient oyster seedling method can be provided.

図1は、この発明に係る採苗器の一実施態様を示す断面概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a seedling device according to the present invention. 図2は、図1に示す板材を変形させたときの板材の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the plate material when the plate material shown in FIG. 1 is deformed. 図3は、図2に示す板材を稜線に直交する平面で切断したときの断面説明図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the plate material shown in FIG. 2 is cut along a plane orthogonal to the ridgeline. 図4は、この発明に係る採苗器における別の板材を稜線に直交する平面で切断したときの断面説明図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view when another plate material in the seedling device according to the present invention is cut along a plane perpendicular to the ridge line. 図5は、板材の配置態様の説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an arrangement mode of plate members. 図6は、板材の別の配置態様の説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of another arrangement mode of the plate material. 図7は、板材の別の配置態様の説明図である。Drawing 7 is an explanatory view of another arrangement mode of a board material. 図8は、板材の別の配置態様の説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of another arrangement mode of the plate material.

以下に、この発明に係る採苗器について図1に示す一実施態様を参照しつつ説明する。   Hereinafter, a seedling device according to the present invention will be described with reference to one embodiment shown in FIG.

図1に示す採苗器1は、4枚の板材2と連結部材3とを備えている。   A seedling device 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes four plate members 2 and a connecting member 3.

板材2は、矩形状でかつ平板状であると共に、2つの貫通孔4を有している。また、連結部材3は、ワイヤ状の部材であり、板材2の貫通孔4を挿通している。   The plate member 2 is rectangular and flat, and has two through holes 4. The connecting member 3 is a wire-like member and is inserted through the through hole 4 of the plate member 2.

採苗器1には、連結部材3における板材2の位置がずれないように、板材固定具5が設けられている。板材固定具5は、板材2の貫通孔4内に入り込まない程度の大きさを有しており、連結部材3に対して固着、溶着、接着、挟持、又は係止等によって固定的に取り付けられる部材である。板材固定具5としては、例えば海流等によって連結部材3から脱離することの無い程度の把持力を有するクリップ等を採用することができる。   The seedling device 1 is provided with a plate material fixture 5 so that the position of the plate material 2 in the connecting member 3 does not shift. The plate material fixture 5 has a size that does not enter the through hole 4 of the plate material 2, and is fixedly attached to the connecting member 3 by fixing, welding, bonding, clamping, or locking. It is a member. As the plate material fixture 5, for example, a clip having a gripping force that does not detach from the connecting member 3 due to an ocean current or the like can be used.

採苗器1における板材2は、チタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成される。板材がチタン、チタン合金、及びステンレス鋼といった金属で形成されると、従来からカキの採苗の原盤として使用されてきたホタテ貝の殻に比べて、板材の厚みを薄くしても所望の強度が得られるので、板材を軽量にすることができ、採苗器を取り扱い易い。また、展延性に優れるので、板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成することによりカキを分離するという作業を繰り返し行っても破損し難く、板材の再利用が可能であり、使用後の板材を廃棄する必要がないので廃棄物の低減を図ることができる。   The plate material 2 in the seedling device 1 is formed of titanium, a titanium alloy, or stainless steel. When the plate is made of metal such as titanium, titanium alloy, and stainless steel, the desired strength can be achieved even if the plate is made thinner than the scallop shells that have been used as a master for oysters. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the plate material and to easily handle the seedling device. In addition, because it is excellent in spreadability, it is hard to break even if the operation of separating the oysters by deforming the plate material to form a curved part is repeated, and the plate material can be reused, and the used plate material is discarded. Therefore, it is possible to reduce waste.

また、チタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成される板材に対するカキの稚貝の付着する力は、従来の採苗器において板材として用いられている帆立貝に比べると小さい。したがって、チタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成される板材2は、カキの稚貝を分離するときに板材2を変形させたとしても稚貝に対する致命的な損傷を与えることが少ない。よって、この発明に係る採苗器は、板材の材料としてチタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼を用いることにより、カキの稚貝を板材から分離したときの生残率が、従来の採苗器に比べて大きくなるので好ましい。   Moreover, the force of the oyster shellfish adhering to a plate made of titanium, a titanium alloy, or stainless steel is smaller than that of a scallop used as a plate in a conventional seedling device. Therefore, the plate material 2 formed of titanium, titanium alloy, or stainless steel rarely causes fatal damage to the larvae even if the plate material 2 is deformed when the oyster larvae are separated. Therefore, the seedling device according to the present invention uses titanium, a titanium alloy, or stainless steel as the material of the plate material, so that the survival rate when the oyster larvae are separated from the plate material is the same as that of the conventional seedling device. Since it becomes large compared, it is preferable.

チタン合金としては、α型合金、α+β型合金、β型合金、耐食合金等を挙げることができ、ステンレス鋼としては、オーステナイト系、オーステナイト・フェライト系、フェライト系、マルテンサイト系、析出硬化系のステンレス鋼を挙げることができる。板材2としては、これらの中でチタン又はチタン合金が好ましい。チタン及びチタン合金は、海水中での耐腐食性に優れるので、板材の劣化が抑制される。また、チタン及びチタン合金は耐酸性に優れるので、板材から稚貝を分離する際に稚貝の殻が板材の表面に残ってしまったとしても、酸性の薬品を利用して板材の表面に付着している稚貝の殻を容易に取り除くことができる。したがって、元の板材の状態に近い状態で板材を再利用することができる。さらに軽量であるので取り扱い易く、作業性が良好である。   Examples of titanium alloys include α-type alloys, α + β-type alloys, β-type alloys, corrosion-resistant alloys, and stainless steels include austenitic, austenitic / ferrite-based, ferrite-based, martensitic-based, and precipitation-hardened-based alloys. Mention may be made of stainless steel. Of these, titanium or a titanium alloy is preferable as the plate member 2. Since titanium and titanium alloys are excellent in corrosion resistance in seawater, deterioration of the plate material is suppressed. Titanium and titanium alloys have excellent acid resistance, so even if the shells of the larvae remain on the surface of the plate when separating the larvae from the plate, they adhere to the surface of the plate using acidic chemicals. You can easily remove the larva shells. Therefore, the plate material can be reused in a state close to the state of the original plate material. Furthermore, since it is lightweight, it is easy to handle and workability is good.

板材2は、稜線を有する湾曲部を形成するように変形可能である。図2は図1に示す板材を変形させたときの板材の説明図である。図2に示すように、この採苗器1における板材2は、例えば、矩形状の板材2における相対向する2つの縁端部において、板材2の表面に対して直交する方向に同一の力Fをかけることにより板材2を変形させて、稜線Pを有する湾曲部を形成させることができる。図3は図2に示す板材を稜線に直交する平面で切断したときの断面説明図である。図2及び3に示すように、板材2を変形させて湾曲部を形成した状態で、稜線Pに直交する平面Dで板材2を切断したとき、その切断面Dに稜線Pに対応する頂点Mと湾曲部の輪郭線が現れ、前記輪郭線のうち頂点Mを含む外周線Tにおける端点Aにおける外周線Tの接線を直線Q、頂点Mにおける外周線Qの接線Uに平行な直線であって前記端点Aを通る直線を基準線Sとすると、直線Qと基準線Sとのなす角θが少なくとも20°である。 The plate member 2 can be deformed so as to form a curved portion having a ridgeline. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the plate material when the plate material shown in FIG. 1 is deformed. As shown in FIG. 2, the plate material 2 in the seedling device 1 has, for example, the same force F in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the plate material 2 at two opposite edge portions of the rectangular plate material 2. , The plate member 2 can be deformed to form a curved portion having a ridgeline P. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the plate shown in FIG. 2 is cut along a plane perpendicular to the ridgeline. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the plate member 2 is cut along a plane D orthogonal to the ridge line P in a state where the plate member 2 is deformed to form a curved portion, the vertex M corresponding to the ridge line P is formed on the cut surface D. And the contour line of the curved portion appears, and the tangent line of the outer peripheral line T at the end point A in the outer peripheral line T including the vertex M is a straight line Q and the straight line parallel to the tangent line U of the outer peripheral line Q at the vertex M. When a straight line passing through the end point A is a reference line S, an angle θ formed by the straight line Q and the reference line S is at least 20 °.

なお、この板材2の湾曲部は、頂点Mから2つの端点A,Bまでの距離が等しいので、いずれの端点A,Bにおける外周線Tの接線を直線Qとしても良いが、例えば、頂点Mから2つの端点A,Bまでの距離が異なる場合には、頂点Mからの距離が長い方の端点における外周線Tの接線を直線Qとする。 Since the curved portion of the plate member 2 has the same distance from the vertex M to the two end points A and B, the tangent line of the outer peripheral line T at any of the end points A and B may be a straight line Q. If the distance from the two points A and B is different, the tangent line of the outer peripheral line T at the end point having the longer distance from the vertex M is defined as a straight line Q.

頂点Mから2つの端点A,Bまでの距離が異なる例としては、例えば、矩形状の板材2における縁端部と中央付近とにおいて、板材2の表面に対して直交する方向に力F1,F2をかけることにより板材2を変形させて、稜線P1を有する湾曲部を形成させる例を挙げることができる。このようにして湾曲部が形成された板材21を稜線P1に直交する平面で切断したときの断面説明図を図4に示す。図4に示すように、湾曲部の稜線P1に対応する頂点M1は、外周線T1において曲率の最も大きい点である。このとき、外周線T1における2つの端点A1,B1のうち、頂点M1からの距離が長い方の端点A1における外周線T1の接線を直線Q1とし、頂点M1における外周線T1の接線U1に平行な直線であって端点A1を通る直線を基準線S1とすると、直線Q1と基準線S1とのなす角θ1が少なくとも20°である。 As an example in which the distances from the vertex M to the two end points A and B are different, for example, the forces F1 and F2 in the direction orthogonal to the surface of the plate 2 at the edge and near the center of the rectangular plate 2 An example can be given in which the plate member 2 is deformed by forming a curved portion having a ridgeline P1. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when the plate member 21 with the curved portion formed in this way is cut along a plane perpendicular to the ridgeline P1. As shown in FIG. 4, the vertex M1 corresponding to the ridge line P1 of the curved portion is a point having the largest curvature in the outer peripheral line T1. At this time, of the two end points A1 and B1 on the outer peripheral line T1, the tangent line of the outer peripheral line T1 at the end point A1 having the longer distance from the vertex M1 is defined as a straight line Q1, and is parallel to the tangent line U1 of the outer peripheral line T1 at the vertex M1. Assuming that a straight line passing through the end point A1 is a reference line S1, an angle θ1 formed by the straight line Q1 and the reference line S1 is at least 20 °.

このように板材2,21を変形させて、直線Q,Q1と基準線S,S1とのなす角θ,θ1が少なくとも20°である湾曲部を形成することのできる板材2であれば、板材2から稚貝を分離する際に、板材2を変形して湾曲部を形成することによって、例えば、板材2の両端部を固定して両端部において板材2の表面に直交する方向で同一の方向に力を加えて湾曲部を形成したり、板材2の両端部を固定して捻ることで湾曲部を形成したりすることによって、稚貝を容易に分離することができる。また、板材2から稚貝を分離する際に、板材2を変形させて湾曲部を形成すること以外の操作を基本的に必要としないので、稚貝に必要以上の損傷を与えることがなく、稚貝の殻が損傷することによる死滅率を低減することができる。さらに、板材2を変形させて湾曲部を形成するだけで板材2と稚貝とを分離することができるので、板材2から稚貝を分離する際に板材2が破損することがなく、板材2を再利用することができる。 In this way, if the plate material 2 can deform the plate materials 2 and 21 to form a curved portion in which the angles θ and θ1 formed by the straight lines Q and Q1 and the reference lines S and S1 are at least 20 °, the plate material When the juvenile is separated from 2, by deforming the plate material 2 to form a curved portion, for example, the both ends of the plate material 2 are fixed and the same direction is perpendicular to the surface of the plate material 2 at both ends. The larvae can be easily separated by forming a curved part by applying a force to the curved part or by forming the curved part by fixing and twisting both ends of the plate member 2. In addition, when separating the juvenile from the plate 2, it basically does not require any operation other than deforming the plate 2 to form the curved portion, so that the juvenile is not damaged more than necessary, It is possible to reduce the death rate due to damage to the shells of juveniles. Furthermore, since the plate 2 and the juvenile can be separated by simply deforming the plate 2 to form the curved portion, the plate 2 is not damaged when the juvenile is separated from the plate 2 and the plate 2 Can be reused.

また、板材2は、その厚みが薄い程軽量となり好ましいが、海水中に放置されているときに海流等によって板材2が容易に変形してしまうと、板材2の変形によりカキの幼生が脱落し易くなってしまう。したがって、板材2は海水中で平板形状を保持できる程度の剛性を有するのが好ましい。 Further, the thinner the plate 2 is, the lighter it is, but it is preferable. However, when the plate 2 is easily deformed by a sea current or the like when left in seawater, the oyster larvae fall off due to the deformation of the plate 2. It becomes easy. Therefore, it is preferable that the board | plate material 2 has the rigidity of the grade which can hold | maintain a flat plate shape in seawater.

板材2の大きさは、一枚の板材に少なくとも100個のカキの幼生が付着する大きさが好ましく、例えば面積が100〜1000cmであり、板材同士の間隔としては、例えば2〜10cm程度であれば良い。板材2の厚さは、その機械的性質にもよるが、例えば0.3〜1mmである態様を挙げることができる。 The size of the plate material 2 is preferably such that at least 100 oyster larvae adhere to one plate material, for example, the area is 100 to 1000 cm 2 , and the interval between the plate materials is, for example, about 2 to 10 cm. I just need it. Although the thickness of the board | plate material 2 is based also on the mechanical property, the aspect which is 0.3-1 mm can be mentioned, for example.

設置する板材2の枚数は、複数枚であって、上記のような間隔で板材2を配置するときに、カキの幼生が浮遊している領域に全ての板材が配置することができれば良く、例えば5〜30枚程度であるのが好ましい。よって、海面に対して平行にかつ深さ方向に板材2を配置した採苗器1、例えば図1に示す採苗器1は、深さ方向の長さが50〜200cm程度になる。   The number of the plate members 2 to be installed is a plurality, and when the plate members 2 are arranged at the intervals as described above, it is sufficient that all the plate members can be arranged in the region where the oyster larvae are floating. The number is preferably about 5 to 30. Therefore, the seedling device 1 in which the plate material 2 is arranged parallel to the sea surface and in the depth direction, for example, the seedling device 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a length in the depth direction of about 50 to 200 cm.

板材2の大きさ、板材2同士の間隔、及び板材2の枚数等を様々に変更することにより、板材2一枚当りの稚貝の付着数が調節可能になる。更に、従来の帆立貝を用いた採苗器とこの発明に係る採苗器とを比べると、同程度の板材の面積で比較しても一枚当りの重量の低減を図ることができるので、結果としてこの発明に係る採苗器1全体の重量の低減も図ることができる。   By changing the size of the plate material 2, the interval between the plate materials 2, the number of the plate materials 2, and the like, the number of juveniles attached to each plate material 2 can be adjusted. Furthermore, when comparing a conventional seedling device using scallops and a seedling device according to the present invention, the weight per sheet can be reduced even when compared with the same area of plate material. As a result, the weight of the entire seedling device 1 according to the present invention can be reduced.

この発明に係る採苗器1における連結部材3としては、海水により腐食及び劣化しない材料で形成されているのが好ましく、例えばプラスチック類を含む繊維状物で形成されたワイヤ部材である態様、又は金属で形成される針金である態様等を挙げることができる。   The connecting member 3 in the seedling device 1 according to the present invention is preferably formed of a material that is not corroded and deteriorated by seawater. For example, an aspect of a wire member formed of a fibrous material including plastics, or The aspect etc. which are the wires formed with a metal can be mentioned.

この発明に係る採苗器1の板材2は、図1に示される配置態様、つまり海面に対して平行にかつ深さ方向に連なるような配置態様に限定されない。ここで、採用可能な板材の配置態様について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、図3〜6は、黒色の棒状物が板材の厚さを測定することになる面を正面にして示している。   The board | plate material 2 of the seedling device 1 which concerns on this invention is not limited to the arrangement | positioning aspect shown by FIG. 1, ie, the arrangement | positioning aspect which continues in parallel with a sea surface and a depth direction. Here, the arrangement | positioning aspect of the board | plate material which can be employ | adopted is demonstrated, referring drawings. In addition, FIGS. 3-6 has shown the surface where a black rod-shaped object will measure the thickness of a board | plate material as the front.

図3には、各板材が海面に対して垂直に配置されており、板材の連なる方向が海面と平行である板材の配置態様が示されている。また、図4には、各板材が海面に対して傾斜して配置されており、板材の連なる方向が海面と平行である板材の配置態様が示されている。更に、図5には、各板材が海面に対して垂直に配置されており、板材の連なる方向が海面に対して垂直であり、海面に平行な海流を各板材が全面で受けることになる配置態様が示されている。図6には、図5に示した配置態様の海面に平行な方向において、隣接する板材同士の重なり部分を設けるようにした配置態様が示されている。   FIG. 3 shows an arrangement mode of the plate materials in which the plate materials are arranged perpendicular to the sea surface and the direction in which the plate materials are connected is parallel to the sea surface. Further, FIG. 4 shows an arrangement mode of the plate materials in which the respective plate materials are arranged to be inclined with respect to the sea surface, and the direction in which the plate materials are connected is parallel to the sea surface. Further, in FIG. 5, the respective plate materials are arranged perpendicular to the sea surface, the arrangement direction of the plate materials is perpendicular to the sea surface, and each plate material receives the ocean current parallel to the sea surface over the entire surface. Embodiments are shown. FIG. 6 shows an arrangement mode in which overlapping portions of adjacent plate members are provided in a direction parallel to the sea surface of the arrangement mode shown in FIG.

この発明に係る採苗器は、上述したいずれの板材の配置態様を採用するにしても、板材がチタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成され、所定の湾曲部が形成されるように変形可能であるので、カキの幼生が板材に付着し易く、カキの幼生が稚貝まで成長したときに板材を変形するだけで板材から稚貝を分離することができ、稚貝の殻が損傷することによる稚貝の死滅率を低減することができる。   The seedling device according to the present invention can be deformed so that the plate material is formed of titanium, a titanium alloy, or stainless steel, and a predetermined curved portion is formed, regardless of the arrangement mode of any of the plate materials described above. Therefore, oyster larvae are easy to adhere to the plate material, and when the oyster larva grows up to juveniles, it is possible to separate the larvae from the plate material only by deforming the plate material, and damage to the shellfish shells Can reduce the mortality of juvenile shellfish.

以下に、この発明に係るカキの採苗方法について説明する。なお、この発明に係るカキの採苗方法は、前記採苗器を使用する方法でもある。   The oyster seedling method according to the present invention will be described below. The oyster seedling method according to the present invention is also a method of using the seedling device.

この発明に係るカキの採苗方法は、前記採苗器を海水中に浸漬する浸漬工程、カキの幼生が海水中に浸漬された前記板材に付着するまで前記採苗器を放置する放置工程、前記カキの幼生を前記板材に付着させた状態で、稚貝に成長するまで待つ待機工程、及び、幼生から稚貝に成長したカキが付着する前記板材を、変形させることにより、前記板材とカキの稚貝とを分離する分離工程を備える。   The oyster seedling method according to the present invention includes an immersion step of immersing the seedling device in seawater, a leaving step of leaving the seedling device until oyster larvae adheres to the plate material immersed in seawater, By waiting for the oyster larvae to adhere to the plate material and waiting until it grows into juveniles, and deforming the plate material to which oysters grown from larvae to juveniles adhere, the plate material and oysters are deformed. It has a separation process to separate the young shellfish.

先ず、この発明に係る採苗器を、カキの幼生が浮遊している海水中に浸漬する浸漬工程を行う。通常、水深2m以内の領域にカキの幼生が多く浮遊しているので、採苗器の浸漬する深さを適宜に調節すると良い。   First, an immersion process is performed in which the seedling device according to the present invention is immersed in seawater in which oyster larvae are floating. Usually, since many oyster larvae are floating in an area of 2 m or less in water depth, it is advisable to adjust the immersion depth of the seedling device appropriately.

次に、海水中に浸漬した採苗器の板材にカキの幼生が付着するまで採苗器を放置する放置工程を行う。カキの幼生は暫くの間は海水中を浮遊するが、何らかの刺激を受けて一斉に様々な物体に付着する。幼生の付着する対象物は特に限定されず、海中に既存の貝殻、コンクリート、木材、及び船底等、多岐に亘る。この発明に係る採苗方法は、一旦付着した物体から外部の力によって分離されない限り、幼生がその物体に一生固着し続けるという習性を利用している。   Next, a leaving step is performed in which the seedling device is left until oyster larvae adhere to the plate material of the seedling device immersed in seawater. Oyster larvae float in the sea for a while, but they adhere to various objects all at once under some kind of stimulus. The objects to which the larvae adhere are not particularly limited, and range from seashells existing in the sea, concrete, wood, and ship bottoms. The seedling-collecting method according to the present invention utilizes the habit that larvae remain fixed to the object for a lifetime unless separated from the object once adhered by an external force.

放置工程の継続期間、つまり幼生が付着するまで浸漬しておく期間としては、作業者の経験及び海中の環境等に基づいて決定することができ、例えば採苗開始から10〜30日程度である。   The duration of the neglecting process, that is, the period of immersion until the larvae adhere can be determined based on the experience of the worker and the environment in the sea, for example, about 10 to 30 days from the start of seedling collection. .

カキの幼生が流動する方向、海流、及び海中に存在する障害物等を考慮して、図1及び図3〜6に示したような板材の配置を適宜に決定することができる。   In consideration of the direction in which oyster larvae flow, the ocean current, obstacles existing in the sea, and the like, the arrangement of the plate materials as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 6 can be determined as appropriate.

なお、前記放置工程には、板材の向きを変更する板材転向工程が含まれていても良い。通常、海面に対して平行に板材を設置している場合、海底側の板材表面に付着する稚貝の数に比べて、海面側の板材表面に付着する稚貝の数が多い。板材転向工程で板材の向きを変更することにより、それまで付着した板材の表面にまで充分数のカキの幼生を付着させることができるので好ましい。例えば、図1に示した採苗器1のように全ての板材2が海面に平行であり、板材2の連続方向が海面に垂直な場合は、板材2の天地を逆転することによって、板材転向工程の完了とすることができる。結果として、採苗器が設置される海域の環境に合わせた採苗が可能となるので、高い採苗効率を実現することができる。   Note that the leaving step may include a plate material turning step of changing the direction of the plate material. In general, when plate members are installed in parallel to the sea surface, the number of juvenile shells adhering to the sea surface side plate material surface is larger than the number of juveniles adhering to the sea surface side plate material surface. By changing the direction of the plate material in the plate material turning step, it is preferable because a sufficient number of oyster larvae can be attached to the surface of the plate material attached so far. For example, when all the plate materials 2 are parallel to the sea surface as in the seedling device 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the continuous direction of the plate materials 2 is perpendicular to the sea surface, the plate materials are turned by reversing the top and bottom of the plate material 2. The process can be completed. As a result, since seedling can be performed in accordance with the environment of the sea area where the seedling device is installed, high seeding efficiency can be realized.

更に言うと、前記板材転向工程を放置工程内に組み入れたとしても、この発明に係る採苗器は従来の採苗器に比べると軽量であるので、作業者の負担が小さくて済む。   Furthermore, even if the plate material turning step is incorporated in the leaving step, the seedling device according to the present invention is lighter than the conventional seedling device, so that the burden on the operator can be reduced.

もっとも、板材転向工程を経ることなく所望の数のカキの幼生が板材に付着するのであれば、板材転向工程は必須では無い。   However, if a desired number of oyster larvae adhere to the plate material without going through the plate material turning step, the plate material turning step is not essential.

続いて、カキの幼生を前記板材に付着させた状態で、稚貝に成長するまで待つ待機工程を行う。板材に付着した幼生は、経時的に形態を変化させ、数週間後には殻を有する稚貝と成る。待機工程は、基本的には、カキの幼生が付着した板材を、放置工程に引き続き海水中に浸漬した状態を維持すれば良い。   Subsequently, a waiting process is performed in which oyster larvae are attached to the plate material and wait until they grow into juvenile shellfish. Larvae adhering to the plate material change in shape over time, and after several weeks, become larvae with shells. In the standby process, basically, the plate material to which the oyster larvae adheres may be maintained in a state of being immersed in seawater following the leaving process.

なお、前記待機工程においては、「抑制」と称される操作を行っても良い。   In the standby step, an operation called “suppression” may be performed.

「抑制」なる操作は、次の様な操作を含んでいる。先ず、前記放置工程で付着したカキの幼生に加えて、待機工程中に幼生が板材に後発的に付着することによって、幼生が過密状態とならないように、この発明に係る採苗器を幼生の少ない場所に移動して設置する。更に、その採苗器の設置態様としては、例えば満潮時には採苗器全体が海中に埋没し、かつ干潮時には全ての板材が大気に露出するように設置する態様が好ましい。例えば、宮城県松島湾では干満の差が1mであるので、採苗器の全長が70〜80cmとなるように板材及び連結部材の配置等を調節し、最深部に配置される板材が海面から1m以内に設置されていれば良い。   The operation “suppress” includes the following operations. First, in addition to the oyster larvae attached in the leaving step, the seedling device according to the present invention is attached to the larvae so that the larvae do not become overcrowded by the larvae adhering to the plate material during the standby step. Move to a few places and install. Furthermore, as an installation mode of the seedling device, for example, an installation mode is preferable in which the entire seedling device is buried in the sea at high tide and all plate materials are exposed to the atmosphere at low tide. For example, in Matsushima Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, the difference in tidal range is 1 m. Therefore, the arrangement of the plate and connecting members is adjusted so that the total length of the seedling device is 70 to 80 cm. It only needs to be installed within 1m.

「抑制」操作を採用することによって、干潮時には板材に付着した稚貝が大気に露出することになり、生命力の弱い稚貝は淘汰されることとなる。結果として、生命力の強い稚貝が残るので、板材から分離する際の稚貝の生残率が向上し、更に病気に強い丈夫な成貝として成長することができるようになるので好ましい。   By adopting the “inhibition” operation, juveniles attached to the plate material will be exposed to the atmosphere at low tide, and juveniles with weak vitality will be trapped. As a result, since the larvae with strong vitality remain, the survival rate of the larvae when separated from the plate material is improved, and it is possible to grow as a strong adult shell resistant to disease.

この発明に係る採苗方法において、特に待機工程においては、採苗器の設置場所として、水深が深く、潮通りが良好であり、波が静かであり、海底の泥が巻き上がらない場所が好ましい。このような環境の設置場所であると、カキの稚貝の成長が良好になる。   In the seedling method according to the present invention, particularly in the standby process, the place where the seedling device is installed is preferably a place where the water depth is deep, the tide is good, the waves are quiet, and the mud on the seabed does not roll up. . Oyster oysters grow well in such an environment.

待機工程の継続期間、つまり稚貝がある程度成長することによって、板材からの分離、及びその後の他の養殖場への移動等に耐え得るようになるまでの期間としては、作業者の経験、海中の環境及びカキの成長速度等に基づいて決定することができ、例えば20〜700日程度、採苗開始から40〜100日程度である。   The duration of the waiting process, that is, the period until the young shellfish grow to some extent and can withstand the separation from the plate material and the subsequent transfer to other farms, etc. For example, about 20 to 700 days, about 40 to 100 days from the start of seedling.

次いで、稚貝を板材から分離する分離工程を行う。分離に要する操作は、この発明に係る採苗器の板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成するだけで良い。板材の湾曲部の形成方法としては、板材の両端部を固定して両端部において板材の表面に直交する方向に同一方向に力を加えて湾曲部を形成する方法、板材の両端部を固定して捻ることで湾曲部を形成する方法等を挙げることができる。このように板材を変形させることにより、稚貝の付着していた板材が湾曲部を形成し、その表面形状が変化するので、稚貝が分離する。従来の採苗器で用いられる帆立貝に対する稚貝の付着力に比べると、この発明に係る採苗器の板材に対する稚貝の付着力は小さい。よって、板材の変形により、稚貝は容易に板材から分離する。なお、板材の変形は、板材の両端部を作業者が把持することによって行っても良いし、機材で固定することによって行っても良い。   Subsequently, the separation process which isolate | separates a young shellfish from a board | plate material is performed. The operation required for the separation only needs to deform the plate material of the seedling device according to the present invention to form the curved portion. As a method of forming the curved portion of the plate material, both ends of the plate material are fixed and the curved portion is formed by applying force in the same direction in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the plate material at both ends, and both the end portions of the plate material are fixed. And a method of forming a curved portion by twisting. By deforming the plate material in this way, the plate material to which the juvenile shellfish is attached forms a curved portion and its surface shape changes, so that the juvenile shellfish are separated. Compared to the adhesion of juveniles to scallops used in conventional seedling devices, the adhesion of juveniles to the plate of the seedling device according to the present invention is small. Therefore, the larvae are easily separated from the plate material by deformation of the plate material. Note that the deformation of the plate material may be performed by the operator holding both ends of the plate material, or may be performed by fixing with the equipment.

この発明に係る採苗器における板材は、前述したように特定の湾曲部が形成されるように変形可能であれば良く、板材の変形操作だけで稚貝を分離可能であるので必要以上に稚貝に損傷を与えることがない。また、板材は弾性変形するのが好ましく、板材が弾性変形すると、元の板材に近い状態で板材を再利用することができる。   The plate material in the seedling device according to the present invention only needs to be deformable so as to form a specific curved portion as described above, and the juvenile shellfish can be separated only by the deformation operation of the plate material. The shell is not damaged. The plate material is preferably elastically deformed. When the plate material is elastically deformed, the plate material can be reused in a state close to the original plate material.

従来の採苗器の板材として用いられる帆立貝では、帆立貝から稚貝を分離する際に、帆立貝を破壊することが多かったので、稚貝の殻が十分に大きくならないと、分離に際して稚貝の殻に損傷を与える可能性が高かった。しかも、従来は採苗開始から1年弱という長期間に亘って帆立貝に付着したままで大きく育った稚貝でさえも、帆立貝から分離する段階で半数は殻に損傷を受けて死んでしまっていた。大きく成長していたにも拘らず分離操作によって半数の稚貝が死んでいた従来の方法に比べると、採苗開始から50日〜100日程度の比較的短期間で、高い生残率を以って稚貝を分離することができる意義は大きい。   In scallops used as plate material for conventional seedling devices, scallops were often destroyed when scallops were separated from scallops. Was more likely to damage. Moreover, even young larvae that have grown large and remain attached to scallops for a long period of less than one year from the start of seedling have been damaged by the shell and died at the stage of separation from scallops. It was. Compared to the conventional method in which half of the larvae were killed by the separation operation despite their large growth, a high survival rate was achieved in a relatively short period of about 50 to 100 days after the start of seedling. It is very significant to isolate juveniles.

この発明に係るカキの採苗方法は、従来に比べると早い時期に稚貝が板材から分離されて出荷可能となることによって、殻付きのカキとしての養殖態様、すなわち様々な養殖場所で、様々な大きさ及び姿になるようにコントロールし易いので、好ましい。また、殻付きのカキを各養殖業者が自由にコントロールして養殖可能であることは、養殖業者独自の様々なカキを市場に流通させることができるようになるので、生産者の顔が見えるという需要者からの要求をも満足し易くなる。   The oyster seedling method according to the present invention is a variety of culturing modes as shelled oysters, that is, various culturing places, by allowing young oysters to be separated from the plate material and shipped at an earlier stage than before. It is preferable because it can be easily controlled to have a large size and shape. In addition, the fact that each farmer can freely cultivate shelled oysters allows them to distribute a variety of oysters unique to the farmer to the market, so that the producer's face can be seen. It becomes easy to satisfy the demand from the consumer.

なお、従来の採苗器の板材として用いられる帆立貝は、通常200cm程度の面積であり、一枚当り20〜40個程度の稚貝が付着する。しかも稚貝の分離によって半数が死んでしまう。例えばこの発明に係る採苗器の板材の面積が100〜1000cmである場合は、少なくとも100個程度の稚貝が付着することになり、稚貝を分離する際に稚貝に損傷を与えることが少ないので、稚貝の収率が向上する。 In addition, the scallop used as a plate material of the conventional seedling device has an area of about 200 cm 2 and about 20 to 40 juveniles are attached to each piece. Moreover, half of them die from the separation of juveniles. For example, when the area of the plate material of the seedling device according to the present invention is 100 to 1000 cm 2 , at least about 100 juvenile shells will adhere and damage the juvenile shellfish when separating the juvenile shellfish. Since there is little, the yield of juveniles improves.

また、従来は分離操作として帆立貝を破壊して稚貝を分離し、それでも分離できない稚貝は一つ一つ手作業で分離していた。これに対して、この発明に係る採苗方法は、分離に際して、採苗器の板材を変形させて湾曲部を形成するという操作を行えば良いので、従来に比べて短時間で分離工程を完了することができる。換言すると、この発明に係る採苗方法は、従来に比べて分離作業時間を短縮することができる。   Conventionally, as a separation operation, scallops were broken to separate larvae, and larvae that still could not be separated were manually separated one by one. On the other hand, in the seedling method according to the present invention, the separation process can be completed in a short time compared to the conventional method because the operation of deforming the plate material of the seedling device to form a curved portion can be performed at the time of separation. can do. In other words, the seedling method according to the present invention can shorten the separation work time as compared with the conventional method.

従来は、幼生を採苗して稚貝に成長させるまでの採苗業者から、成貝になるまで養殖する養殖業者へと稚貝を引き渡すときには、仮に帆立貝から稚貝を分離すると半数の稚貝が死んでいたので、採苗器全体、つまり稚貝が付着した帆立貝ごと引き渡さざるを得なかった。これに対して、この発明に係る採苗方法は、分離操作が容易であり、更に従来に比べて高い生残率を実現することができるので、採苗業者から養殖業者へと引き渡すときに、板材から分離済みの稚貝のみを引き渡すことができるようになる。これにより、引渡しが完了するまでに帆立貝から稚貝が外れないように注意を払う必要があった従来に比べると、この発明に係る採苗方法で得られる稚貝は、引渡し完了まで稚貝の生存環境のみに注意を払えば済むようになったので、稚貝の取扱いが容易になったと言える。   In the past, when handing off larvae from seedling suppliers who have grown larvae to seedlings and growing them to adults, half of them would be separated from scallops. Because he was dead, he had to hand over the whole seedling device, that is, the scallops with juveniles. On the other hand, since the seedling method according to the present invention is easy to separate and can achieve a higher survival rate than the conventional method, when handing over from the seedling trader to the aquaculture trader, Only juveniles that have been separated from the board can be delivered. As a result, compared to the conventional case where it was necessary to pay attention so that the scallops do not come off the scallops before the delivery is completed, the larvae obtained by the seedling method according to the present invention are It can be said that the handling of juveniles has become easier because attention has been paid only to the living environment.

更に、稚貝の引渡しには通常輸送が必要となるが、従来は採苗器全体を積載することが必須であったのに対して、この発明に係る養殖方法においては小さい稚貝を輸送するだけで良いので、輸送量の大幅な低減を図ることもできる。   Furthermore, normal transportation is required for delivery of juveniles, but in the past it was essential to load the whole seedling container, whereas in the culture method according to the present invention, small juveniles are transported. Therefore, the amount of transportation can be greatly reduced.

分離工程が完了した採苗器は、板材が再利用可能であるので、この発明に係る採苗方法に再度供することができる。   Since the plate material can be reused after the separation step is completed, the seedling device can be used again for the seedling method according to the present invention.

この発明に係る採苗器の一実施態様を用いて、この発明に係る採苗方法に基づいて稚貝の生育及び分離を行った。なお、実験を行った海域は、厳重に管理された海域、具体的には部外者は侵入を禁止されており、近くを船舶等で航行しても外部から実験の状況を視認不能にした海域である。   Using one embodiment of the seedling device according to the present invention, juvenile shellfish were grown and separated based on the seedling harvesting method according to the present invention. In addition, the sea area where the experiment was conducted was strictly controlled, specifically outsiders were prohibited from entering, and even when navigating nearby by ship etc., the situation of the experiment was not visible from the outside. It is a sea area.

(軽量化)
厚さ0.4mmで、400cmの面積と成るように加工されて成るステンレス鋼製又はチタン製の板材を20枚使用した採苗器は、質量が2.5〜3.5kgであった。なお、200cm程度の面積の帆立貝を70枚連結した従来の採苗器は、質量が約4.5kgであった。したがって、この発明に係る採苗器は従来の採苗器に比べて軽量化を図ることができた。
(Weight saving)
The seedling device using 20 stainless steel or titanium plate members processed to have a thickness of 0.4 mm and an area of 400 cm 2 had a mass of 2.5 to 3.5 kg. The conventional seedling device in which 70 scallops having an area of about 200 cm 2 were connected had a mass of about 4.5 kg. Therefore, the seedling device according to the present invention can be reduced in weight as compared with the conventional seedling device.

(幼生付着数)
20cm×20cmの大きさのステンレス製、及びチタン製の金属板材を海水中に浸漬しておき、採苗開始から41日後に板材10枚に付着していた稚貝の数を数えると、一枚当たり平均300個の稚貝が付着していた。
なお、従来の採苗器で板材として多く用いられている帆立貝は、大きさが通常200cm程度であり、付着する稚貝の数は約20〜40個程度である。
(Number of larvae)
When a stainless steel plate made of stainless steel with a size of 20 cm × 20 cm and a titanium plate are immersed in seawater and the number of juveniles attached to 10 plates after 41 days from the start of seedling, An average of 300 juveniles were attached.
In addition, the scallop shell often used as a plate material in the conventional seedling device is usually about 200 cm 2 in size, and the number of juvenile shellfish attached is about 20 to 40.

よって、板材一枚当りの稚貝の付着数を比較すると、この発明に係る採苗器で用いる金属製の板材は、従来の帆立貝に比べて7.5〜15倍の稚貝が付着したことになり、単位面積当りで比較しても、金属製の板材は帆立貝に比べて4〜8倍の稚貝が付着したことになる。   Therefore, when comparing the number of juvenile shellfish per plate, the metal plate used in the seedling device according to the present invention had 7.5 to 15 times the juvenile shellfish attached to the conventional scallop. Therefore, even when compared per unit area, the metal plate material has 4 to 8 times as many juveniles attached as scallops.

(最適条件)
この発明に係る採苗方法の浸漬工程から待機工程が完了するまでの期間は、50〜80日が、稚貝の付着している数、稚貝の大きさ、及び生残率の全てが最適であった。なお、従来の板材として帆立貝を用いる採苗器の場合、通常8ヶ月〜1年程度は帆立貝に稚貝を付着させたままにしている。この発明に係る採苗方法は、従来の採苗方法に比べて、採苗を開始してから稚貝を得るまでの期間が明らかに短い。
(Optimum condition)
The period from the soaking process to the completion of the standby process of the seedling method according to the present invention is optimal for all the numbers of juvenile shellfish attached, the size of the juvenile shellfish, and the survival rate. Met. In the case of a seedling device using scallops as a conventional plate material, the scallops are usually allowed to adhere to scallops for about 8 months to 1 year. Compared with the conventional seedling method, the seedling method according to the present invention clearly has a shorter period from the start of seedling to obtaining juvenile shellfish.

この発明に係る採苗器は再利用可能であるので、従来の採苗器で稚貝を一回得るまでに、この発明に係る採苗方法の複数回に亘る実施が可能である。したがって、この発明に係る採苗方法は、従来に比べてカキの稚貝の収率が高かった。   Since the seedling device according to the present invention can be reused, the seedling harvesting method according to the present invention can be carried out a plurality of times before a young shellfish is obtained once with a conventional seedling device. Therefore, the yield of oyster oysters was higher than that of the conventional seedling method according to the present invention.

(分離作業)
ステンレス鋼から成る厚さ0.4mmの板材の端縁部を作業者が把持して捻る操作をすることによって、板材と付着した稚貝とを分離した。板材一枚当りの分離完了までの作業時間は約3分であった。更に、分離に際して殻に損傷を与えて死んでしまった稚貝の数は、全体の10%以下であった。
(Separation work)
An operator grips and twists the edge of a 0.4 mm thick plate made of stainless steel to separate the plate from the attached juvenile shellfish. The work time to complete separation per sheet was about 3 minutes. Furthermore, the number of juveniles that were damaged due to damage to the shell during separation was 10% or less of the total.

従来の板材として用いられている帆立貝から稚貝を分離する作業は、ステンレス鋼製の板材に比べて3倍の時間を要した。更に、稚貝の帆立貝からの分離に際して殻に損傷を与えて死んだ稚貝の数は、全体の50%以上であった。   The operation of separating the juveniles from the scallops used as a conventional plate material took three times as long as the plate made of stainless steel. Furthermore, the number of juveniles that died due to damage to the shells when the juveniles were separated from the scallops was more than 50% of the total.

(再利用)
チタン製の板材を4年間繰り返し使用しても腐食などを生じなかった。
(Reuse)
Corrosion did not occur even when the titanium plate was used repeatedly for 4 years.

1 採苗器
2、21 板材
3 連結部材
4 貫通孔
5 板材固定具
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling device 2, 21 Board | plate material 3 Connecting member 4 Through-hole 5 Board | plate material fixing tool

Claims (5)

複数枚の板材と、前記板材同士を連結する連結部材とを備え、
前記板材は、チタン、チタン合金、又はステンレス鋼により形成され、かつ稜線を有する湾曲部を形成するように変形可能であり、
前記板材を変形させて前記湾曲部を形成した状態で、前記稜線に直交する平面で前記板材を切断したとき、その切断面に前記稜線に対応する頂点と前記湾曲部の輪郭線があり、前記輪郭線のうち前記頂点を含む外周線における2つの端点のうち、前記頂点からの距離が長い方の端点Aにおける前記外周線の接線を直線Q、前記頂点における前記外周線の接線に平行な直線であって前記端点Aを通る直線を基準線Sとすると、前記直線Qと前記基準線Sとのなす角が少なくとも20°であることを特徴とするカキの採苗器。
A plurality of plate members, and a connecting member for connecting the plate members,
The plate is formed of titanium, a titanium alloy, or stainless steel, and is deformable to form a curved portion having a ridgeline,
When the plate material is cut in a plane orthogonal to the ridge line in a state where the plate material is deformed to form the curved portion, the cut surface has a vertex corresponding to the ridge line and a contour line of the curved portion, Of the two end points on the outer peripheral line including the vertex among the contour lines, the tangent of the outer peripheral line at the end point A having the longer distance from the vertex is a straight line Q, and the straight line parallel to the tangent of the outer peripheral line at the vertex In addition, when a straight line passing through the end point A is a reference line S, an angle formed by the straight line Q and the reference line S is at least 20 °.
前記板材はチタン又はチタン合金により形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の採苗器。   The seedling device according to claim 1, wherein the plate material is made of titanium or a titanium alloy. 前記板材が矩形状を成すと共に、貫通孔を有し、
前記連結部材がワイヤ部材であり、
前記板材の前記貫通孔に前記連結部材を挿通して成る請求項1又は2に記載の採苗器。
The plate material has a rectangular shape and has a through hole,
The connecting member is a wire member;
The seedling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting member is inserted into the through hole of the plate member.
請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の採苗器を海水中に浸漬する浸漬工程、
カキの幼生が海水中に浸漬された前記板材に付着するまで前記採苗器を放置する放置工程、
前記カキの幼生を前記板材に付着させた状態で、稚貝に成長するまで待つ待機工程、及び、
幼生から稚貝に成長したカキが付着する前記板材を、変形させることにより、前記板材とカキの稚貝とを分離する分離工程を備えることを特徴とするカキの採苗方法。
Immersion step of immersing the seedling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in seawater,
A neglecting step in which the seedling device is left until the oyster larvae adheres to the plate immersed in seawater;
In a state where the oyster larvae are attached to the plate material, a waiting process for waiting until the oysters grow into juveniles;
An oyster seedling method comprising a separation step of separating the plate material and the oyster shellfish by deforming the plate material to which oysters grown from larvae to juveniles adhere.
前記放置工程が、前記板材の向きを変更する板材転向工程を含む請求項4に記載のカキの採苗方法。   The oyster seedling method according to claim 4, wherein the leaving step includes a plate material turning step of changing a direction of the plate material.
JP2011202294A 2011-09-15 2011-09-15 Oyster seedling collector and method for collecting oyster seedling Withdrawn JP2013063023A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109511590A (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-26 贵港市瑞成科技有限公司 A kind of oyster culture attachment base
CN109511592A (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-26 贵港市瑞成科技有限公司 A kind of oyster culture attachment base

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109511590A (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-26 贵港市瑞成科技有限公司 A kind of oyster culture attachment base
CN109511592A (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-26 贵港市瑞成科技有限公司 A kind of oyster culture attachment base
CN109511592B (en) * 2017-09-20 2021-11-05 浦江县含行科技有限公司 Oyster cultivation attaching base

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