JP2013057230A - Torii-gateway-shaped construction system frame - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
当件技術は、同種の架構を繰り返し連結させる規則的な建築的架構法である。This technology is a regular architectural frame method that repeatedly connects frames of the same type.
建築物の構築手法は、人類誕生から地球上様々な地域に存在する基本分野であり、素材も土、石材、木材、セメント、鉄、等、資源特性を利用した技術分野であり星の数ほどある。また、情報技術の進歩は地球上どこでも建築技術の共有並びに利用が可能な時代である。Building construction is a basic field that has existed in various regions around the globe since the birth of mankind, and the materials are also technical fields that use resource characteristics such as soil, stone, wood, cement, iron, etc. is there. In addition, the advancement of information technology is a time when building technology can be shared and used anywhere on the earth.
また、地球上の人***発期には、人類それぞれの経済状況や雇用にも連携できる住環境づくりを通じ数億の人々に行き渡たせる効果的で簡単な技術が望まれ、素材の活用手段によって新分野を拓きグローバルな地域階層に応用の働く技術と供給の連携効果を誘発する一体的開発が欠かせない。In addition, effective and simple technology that can reach hundreds of millions of people through the creation of a living environment that can be linked to the economic situation and employment of each human being is desired during the period of population explosion on the earth. Integrated development is indispensable to pioneering the effects of cooperation between technology and supply that can be applied to the global regional hierarchy.
自然災害に対する防災や復旧、省資源、省エネルギー、環境保全など歴史的にも技術の改革が進む転換期である。単なる物づくりの手段を越え、人の社会活動と技術の関わりに及ぶ新たな空間創造技術として、建築物の長期持続、維持、管理、再生、災害復旧などに効果的な工業化、ロボット化など技術領域の広まりや先見性の進化も目覚しい。しかし、災害を抑制する身近な技術の未開分野も残されている。This is a turning point in the history of technological reforms such as disaster prevention and recovery against natural disasters, resource conservation, energy conservation and environmental conservation. As a new space creation technology that goes beyond simple means of manufacturing and involves the relationship between human social activities and technology, technologies such as industrialization and robotization that are effective for long-term sustainability, maintenance, management, regeneration, disaster recovery, etc. of buildings The spread of the area and the evolution of foresight are also remarkable. However, there are still undeveloped fields of familiar technology to suppress disasters.
東日本大震災後は改革スピードを加速し、ITを活用した完成後の品質管理や部品交換までのトータルな住空間づくりの相互的なシステム技術の要求が高まる。After the Great East Japan Earthquake, the speed of reform will be accelerated, and the demand for mutual system technology for creating a total living space from quality control and parts replacement using IT will increase.
これらを総合すれば、単純性の中にトータルな多様性、可変性を同時に進める他分野技術との連携手法となるオープン化技術が求められていると言える。If these are put together, it can be said that there is a need for open technology that is a method for linking with technologies in other fields that simultaneously promote total diversity and variability in simplicity.
人と人のコミュニケーション、人が自然力を有効に活用できる建築計画的な形態から成るエコロジーな住環境、エネルギー抑制など、工学的な技術から生物学的な技術の同化を模索する時代であり、世界レベルの住環境づくりを具体化する建築の空間と構造と素材の力学的バランスの効果的な標準化が欠かせないと見える。This is an era of exploring the assimilation of biological technologies from engineering technologies, such as human-to-people communication, ecological living environment with architectural planning that allows people to effectively use natural power, and energy suppression. It seems that effective standardization of the mechanical balance between architectural space, structure and materials that embodies the creation of a high-level living environment is essential.
人類共通の食糧、医療、経済、等の総合性の鍵となる科学的な素材の開発やITと建築物の融合、自然災害対応に適した建設、維持、管理、分解のロボット化などの総合基幹的な位置を占める建築の社会的システム技術に重点が移りつつある。Development of scientific materials that are the key to comprehensiveness of food, medical care, economy, etc. common to humankind, integration of IT and buildings, construction, maintenance, management, robotization of decomposition suitable for natural disaster response, etc. The emphasis is shifting to the social system technology of architecture, which occupies the core position.
人類生存活動の基礎である「衣・食・住」の中で、科学技術文化の成熟期に於ける総括的な「住空間の建築的課題」の解決に応える技術は複雑であり広く深い。Among the “clothes, food and dwelling” that are the foundation of human survival activities, the technology to solve the comprehensive “architectural issues of living space” in the maturity of science and technology culture is complex and wide.
当件技術の課題は、第一に、人と人のコミュニケーション、人と自然環境の関わりを促す建築の空間づくりである。The first issue of this technology is to create an architectural space that encourages communication between people and the relationship between people and the natural environment.
次に、建築の安全、経済、資源、エネルギーなどを総合横断的に担保する建物の様々な機能を決める基幹的技術となり、住生活環境の生産性、波及性、合理性を創出する建物の価値・魅力などの包括的な課題解決の核となる要素や技術分野間のマトリックスな関連性を発揮する基幹的な技術要素の解明である。Next, the value of the building that will become the core technology that determines various functions of the building that guarantees the safety, economy, resources, energy, etc. of the building in a comprehensive manner, and creates productivity, spread and rationality of the living environment・ Elucidation of core elements of solution for comprehensive issues such as attractiveness and basic technological elements that exhibit matrix relationships between technical fields.
長期持続に関する技術分野は領域が広まり細分化が進む特徴があり、一体的に連携集約する機能が一方で必要になる。これらの課題に共通する複雑で多様な機能を集約的に発揮させる鍵となるのは、架構を中心とする素材と構造を力学的にバランスさせる複合的技術領域に潜んでいる。The technical field related to long-term sustainability is characterized by widespread areas and further subdivision, and on the other hand, a function that integrates and collaborates is necessary. The key to intensively exhibiting the complex and diverse functions common to these issues is lurking in a complex technical field that dynamically balances materials and structures centered on frames.
建築物が、それぞれの国、地域の文化、習慣、資源、エネルギーなどの社会背景の中で、建築の役割を果たし、可変性、防災性、修復性にも優れた持続性に応える要素と架構に秘められた要素が共通的であり、どのような架構が多機能な効果を発揮できる技術の核となり得るものか、絞込みが最終的な課題となる。Elements and structures that fulfill the role of architecture in the social background of each country and region, such as culture, customs, resources, and energy, and that respond to sustainability with excellent variability, disaster prevention, and repairability. The elements that are concealed are common, and the final issue is to narrow down what kind of frame can be the core of the technology that can exert a multifunctional effect.
建築空間単位と構造の「規模を限定する」ことで用途的空間特性などの共通性を絞り、建築における諸々の課題と解決の集約的な機能を発揮させるために、素材と構造が力学的にバランスの取れる形と規模の制約により生産性や経済効果を発揮する手段としたものである。一方、建設と反対の作用すなわち、地震、津波、土石流災害に対し「被害を抑制する力学的配慮」もあり、この2点に効果を発揮する可能性のある「一定規模の横架材の両端から1/4位置で、2本の柱と梁を結合する単独の鳥居型架構」である。By limiting the scale of architectural space units and structures, we narrow down the commonalities such as the purposeful space characteristics, and make the materials and structures mechanically in order to demonstrate various functions and solutions in architecture. It is a means of exerting productivity and economic effect by the balance form and scale constraints. On the other hand, there is “mechanical consideration to suppress damage” against the opposite of construction, ie earthquakes, tsunamis, and debris flow disasters. It is a single torii-type frame that joins two columns and beams at a position 1/4 from.
住環境に於ける人と自然の活動や建築生産に係る諸々の限定された中の総合的な機能となり、様々な国、地域、素材、文化、習慣に適応する単純で共通基幹的な手段に成り得ると位置つけている。
しかし、こうした複合的な機能を構造的に解決するには未開の構造力学分野に挑戦し広い分野で技術融合に負わなければ解決の糸口とする段階でもある。
特に、尽きない資源性や素材質のバラつきがある木材分野の裾野は広く深い。It becomes a comprehensive function in various limited areas related to human and natural activities and building production in the living environment, and it becomes a simple and common basic means to adapt to various countries, regions, materials, cultures and customs. It is positioned as possible.
However, in order to structurally solve these complex functions, it is also a stage to challenge the unexplored field of structural mechanics and use it as a solution if it does not suffer from technological fusion in a wide range of fields.
In particular, the base of the timber field, where there are endless resource variations and material quality variations, is wide and deep.
一定の面積、高さの規模、一定長さの部材、空間単位、運搬単位、活動特性、習慣、用途、などに共通する機能が相互的に作用する多様な空間に役立ち、単独の基本架構の連結のみで力学的に建築構造を完結すれば、生産、管理、性能、機能、精度、品質、流通性や経済性まで、周辺技術への波及効果が広く深く望める。Useful for various spaces where functions common to a certain area, height scale, fixed length members, space units, transport units, activity characteristics, customs, uses, etc. interact, and a single basic frame If the building structure is completed mechanically by just connecting, it can have a wide and deep ripple effect on peripheral technologies from production, management, performance, function, accuracy, quality, distribution and economy.
一つの基本架構単位3組の連結から簡単に空間を完結する明快さを生み、分子構造モデルに似た規則的な配列により様々な分節された単独の構造的空間を力学的にシンプルに安定させられるかの課題と手段を創出する知恵と技術が必要であり、分節された構造単位のピン的で柔軟な結合手法の先に解決策を見定めた。From the connection of three basic frame units, it is easy to complete the space, and the regular arrangement similar to the molecular structure model makes various segmented single structural spaces stable mechanically and simply. We need the wisdom and technology to create the challenges and means of being able to do so, and we have found a solution ahead of the pin-up and flexible combination method of segmented structural units.
素材種類に関わらず建材サイズの制約は、運搬、建設、労力、機械化、IT化、ロボット化など、技術領域の絞り込み、資材の使い回しも効果的になる。Regardless of the type of material, the restriction on the size of the building material is effective in narrowing down the technical area and reusing materials, such as transportation, construction, labor, mechanization, IT, and robotization.
構造耐力壁から開放される空間の連続性が創れ、建築の施工性が単純化され、壁面建材の多様、互換、流通、新産業振興、技術差を越える普及拡大も期待できる。The continuity of the space opened from the structural bearing wall is created, the construction workability of the building is simplified, and the wall construction materials can be expected to expand and spread beyond the technical differences, compatibility, distribution, new industry promotion.
架構単位が連結される場所に柱が存在しないことにより、新たな空間魅力の創出により、人の五感を活かせた行動・思考・交流を促進することも可能である。It is also possible to promote actions, thoughts, and exchanges that make use of the human senses by creating a new space attraction because there is no pillar at the place where frame units are connected.
木材資源の特徴的な、強度、サイズ、軽さ、保温性、などを活かせる構造規模・用途を限定した新たな木造建築が可能になる。New wooden constructions with limited structural scale and applications that can utilize the characteristic strength, size, lightness, and heat retention of wood resources will be possible.
無垢木材の普及サイズである、3・4・6mの加工を抑制した合理的利用に役立つ。It is useful for the rational use that suppresses the processing of 3, 4, 6m, which is the popular size of solid wood.
森林素材の加工抑制による流通短縮は、日本の急峻な立地と国際的産出国との生産環境の差から生じる森林資源の健全な保全と開発に貢献できる。The shortening of distribution through the suppression of processing of forest materials can contribute to the sound preservation and development of forest resources resulting from the difference in production environment between Japan's steep location and international producing countries.
基本の架構は、横架材の長さを限定し両端からそれぞれ1/4程度の応力も抑制する位置で2本の柱を鳥居型に連結し剛性を保持するようにする架構である。The basic frame is a frame that limits the length of the horizontal frame and connects the two columns in a torii form at positions that suppress the stress of about 1/4 from both ends, thereby maintaining rigidity.
二層の架構は、柱と梁の長さを同程度に揃え、資材の有効活用効果を高める。The two-layered frame has the same length of columns and beams to increase the effective utilization of materials.
基本架構を繰り返し配置連結させて、長方形、正方形の建築平面に連結する共通的な接合部品は[図4]のように、架構部材中心軸の交点と架構部材端部との距離を均一にする形態とし、応力を分断させる構造形式とし、脱着機能も備える。Common joint parts that connect the base frame repeatedly and connect to the rectangular and square construction planes, as shown in [Fig. 4], make the distance between the intersection of the frame member central axes and the frame member end portions uniform. It has a form, a structural form that divides stress, and has a desorption function.
6m〜8m四方に柱のない空間規模に限定し、柱間隔を4m〜5m未満に抑え、応力、部材、接合構造などの小形化を実現する。特に、木造では、梁で通し柱を挟み込みボルト締めに限定する加工の少ない接合手法の特徴が有効に働き、通し柱と管柱の接合位置をずらせて階層を重ねる場合にも応力分散による部分的ダメージで建物全体の構造ダメージを避け、部材交換による立体的修復性を保持させる。It is limited to a space scale with no pillars in 6m to 8m square, and the distance between the pillars is limited to less than 4m to 5m, thereby realizing miniaturization of stress, members, joint structures, and the like. In particular, in wooden construction, the feature of the joining method with less processing, in which a through column is sandwiched between beams and limited to bolting, is effective, and even when the layers are stacked by shifting the joining position of the through column and the pipe column, partial damage due to stress dispersion is caused. Avoid structural damage of the entire building, and maintain the three-dimensional repairability by exchanging members.
挟み込む片方の梁を管柱で支える構造は、部材サイズの抑制、床の荷重並びに振動の架構単位毎分割、素材許容力の低い木材の構成の展開幅を広げ、他の素材でも応力バランスを部材サイズの抑制に繋げる技術的展開を実施できる。The structure that supports one of the beams to be sandwiched by the tube pillar is a member that controls the size of the member, divides the floor load and vibration for each frame unit, widens the development range of the wood composition with low material allowance, and balances stress with other materials as well Technical development leading to size control can be implemented.
地中梁と上部架構の一体化は、空間単位毎の構造を文節することで、構造単位毎の増築や減築を可能にする。また、想定外の外力を受けた建物の変形や部分破壊を構造単位ごとに対応する解決策である。この構造単位毎の地中梁間の接合仕口は脱着、制震、共振分断機能も付加できる。IT技術による建物の管理や建設、修復工事においてのロボット化の可能性を盛り込んでいる。The integration of the underground beam and the upper frame enables expansion and reduction for each structural unit by composing the structure for each spatial unit. In addition, it is a solution for dealing with structural deformation and partial destruction of buildings that have been subjected to unexpected external forces. Detachment, seismic control, and resonance splitting functions can be added to the joints between underground beams for each structural unit. It incorporates the possibility of using robots for building management, construction, and restoration work using IT technology.
架構と架構を接続するピン構造の接合部品は未開発だが、脱着、回転、伸縮、制震性、構造変形や品質性能のセンサー機能も対象に建築構造の新領域を拓く余地を持ち、建設作業の安全性やスピードアップ機能、経済性、社会性を実現させる。The joint parts of the pin structure that connect the frame to the frame are not yet developed, but there is room to open up new areas of building structures for sensor functions such as attachment / detachment, rotation, expansion / contraction, vibration control, structural deformation and quality performance, and construction work To realize safety, speed-up function, economy and sociality.
木造の床版構造は、居住空間を囲う壁面と共に、人が継続的に使用する空間のシックハウス対策や断熱性、遮音性、吸音性、吸湿性、などの機能を、面を構成する建材に利用する技術開発である。The wooden floor slab structure, together with the wall surrounding the living space, is used for building materials that make up the surface, such as measures against thick houses and heat insulation, sound insulation, sound absorption, moisture absorption, etc. Technology development.
木構造による一戸建住宅、数戸の集合住宅について、木構造と建築空間の説明をする。We will explain the wooden structure and architectural space for single-family houses and several apartment houses.
基本架構は、横架材長の両端から中央寄り位置で2本の柱と一定の剛性を保持する鳥居型をした架構によるものであり、2階建ての構造では[図1・2・4]に示すように、柱と梁それぞれを従来の角型柱サイズの木材数本をボルトで締結複合させ断面を大きくして剛性を強め、床版もボルト複合の角材により新たな床架構形式の構造としている。[図3]The basic frame is a torii-type frame that has two pillars and a certain level of rigidity at the center position from both ends of the horizontal frame. In the two-story structure, [Fig. 1, 2, 4] As shown in Fig. 3, the pillars and beams are combined with several conventional square pillar-sized timbers with bolts to increase the cross-section and strengthen the rigidity, and the floor slab is also a new floor frame structure with bolt composite squares. It is said. [Fig. 3]
従来木造建築の耐力壁による間取りの制限を開放し建築空間、用途を広げる。Opening restrictions on floor plans using conventional load-bearing walls of wooden buildings will expand the building space and uses.
柱の間隔を狭め応力の抑制と建築規模の一定制限によりラーメン構造で木材の許容力の範囲で安全性を架構の単位毎に完結確保させる。By narrowing the interval between the columns and suppressing the stress and limiting the scale of the building, the safety of each frame unit is ensured with a rigid frame structure within the allowable range of the wood.
架構単位、空間構造単位毎に分節し構造と応力を単純化するピン構造、その柔軟な連結により制震機能を発揮する複合的接合部品により新構造分野を探る。
また、この接合部品にIT部品である位置センサーを内蔵し、外力や劣化などによる架構全体の変化を管理し、建物の安全性を使用者単位で確認できる構造。The new structural field will be explored with a pin structure that simplifies the structure and stress by segmenting each frame unit and spatial structure unit, and a composite joint component that exerts a vibration control function by its flexible connection.
In addition, a position sensor, which is an IT component, is built into this joint component, so that changes in the entire frame due to external forces and deterioration can be managed, and the safety of the building can be confirmed on a user basis.
空間サイズを6m四方に限定したことで、その空間内に柱がなく間取りを自由に創出できる。また、正角材を集成木材のすると8m四方の空間も探求できる。By limiting the space size to 6m square, there are no pillars in the space, and floor plans can be created freely. In addition, if regular timber is made of laminated timber, an 8m square space can be explored.
[図2]の架構軸組図にある地中梁は、地盤の不同沈下などによる外力に対し、空間単位毎に機械式なジャッキアップに耐えるサイコロ型の構造単位として、リニューアル工事に於ける機械的再生を可能にする長期持続型の構造となる。The underground beam in the frame diagram of [Fig. 2] is a machine in renewal work as a dice-type structural unit that can withstand mechanical jack-up for each space unit against external forces due to uneven settlement of the ground. It will be a long-lasting structure that will enable renewal.
住宅の空間は、大きめのリビング空間や食堂、台所を一体的にする傾向が増えている。また、二人世帯や独居世帯も大きめの空間が好まれる時代にある。In residential spaces, there is an increasing tendency to integrate large living spaces, canteens, and kitchens. In addition, there is a time when two-person households and single-person households prefer larger spaces.
[図7]に示す、6m四方の住宅の内部に柱が不要な木造建築を創出する。
この建物の一辺は長さが6mの一体の[請求項−1]架構そのものである。
[図1]の基本架構と3体の架構が連結されて、[図7]の平面図にある柱配置からその立体的な構成が合致し木造によるラーメン架構構成が確認できる。Create a wooden building that does not require a pillar inside a 6m square house shown in [Fig. 7].
One side of this building is an integral [claim-1] frame itself having a length of 6 m.
The basic frame of [FIG. 1] and the three frames are connected, and the three-dimensional structure is matched from the column arrangement in the plan view of [FIG. 7], and the wooden frame structure can be confirmed.
その平面図に示された柱は軸組それぞれ4面に各々2箇所あり、他は壁や窓を自由に選択して間取りを耐力壁に制限されずに空間計画が可能になる。There are two pillars shown in the plan view on each of the four axes, and the others can be freely selected from walls and windows, and space planning is possible without limiting the floor plan to the bearing walls.
戸建住宅の境界、隣家、双方の窓や壁の配置を考慮し、光や風の道を活かせ建築構造上も安全で、隣家と共存できる間取りを素人でも自由に計画できる。Considering the borders of detached houses, the neighbors, and the windows and walls of both sides, it is safe for the building structure to make use of the light and wind path, and even amateurs can freely plan layouts that can coexist with neighbors.
ITの進歩は、住まいが仕事場にもなる職場環境の変化に適応させる時代の要求に応える可変性や多様な空間ができる構造と空間は人と人の関係にも利用でき、6m四方の空間が2つ連続した場合でも屋外環境との連続性と同様に縦・横・斜めに空間が繋がる。また、シンプルな繰り返し型は建設、維持管理、保全、解体、再生などにロボット化を可能にする条件でもある。The advancement of IT can be used for people-to-people relations and the structure and space that can be changed and various spaces to meet the changing demands of the working environment where homes become workplaces. Even if two are connected, the space is connected vertically, horizontally, and diagonally as well as the continuity with the outdoor environment. The simple repeat type is also a condition that enables robotization for construction, maintenance, maintenance, dismantling, regeneration, etc.
[図5]上下の四角い空間の連続性から読み取れる、隅から隅を結ぶ線上斜めに繋がる空間や上下階の吹抜部を可能にする[図3]の床組み構成から生れる独特で刺激的な空間は新たな木造建築になる可能性を秘めている。[Fig. 5] A unique and exciting result from the floor structure of [Fig. 3] that enables a space connected diagonally on the line connecting the corners and the upper and lower floors to be read from the continuity of the square space above and below. The space has the potential to become a new wooden building.
例えば、2ユニットで70〜80m2の面積は集合住宅の標準的なひろさであり、3ユニットで105〜120m2規模の構成[図6]の立体構成からは一戸建住宅の他、様々な用途の建築に使うことも想定している。For example, the area of 70 to 80m2 with 2 units is the standard openness of an apartment house, and the three-dimensional configuration of 105 to 120m2 with 3 units [Fig. It is also assumed to be used for construction.
基本架構を4体連結した正方形は40m2強の小住宅の空間形成した平面図】A square with four basic frames connected to each other.
建築規模を一定に限定し、その中で多くの用途に応える建築は経営上の営業手段となり業界を活性化すると共に、建築物の所有者、使用者の用途替えの幅が広いことが不動産賃貸業にとって価値の持続性として経営を支援できる効果も生れる。Buildings that meet a wide range of uses within a limited scale of construction will become a management means of business and will revitalize the industry. The effect that management can be supported as sustainability of value for the industry is also produced.
一般的に利用価値や財産価値、魅力などの上流的で視的な内外空間の価値は個々の建築を越えた町並みの魅力にも通ずる新規性を提供できる。In general, the value of internal and external space, such as utilization value, property value, and attractiveness, can provide novelty that leads to the attractiveness of the townscape beyond individual architectures.
安全性、生産性、持続性、経済性、など消費者と供給者の矛盾の解決に貢献。Contributes to resolving contradictions between consumers and suppliers, such as safety, productivity, sustainability, and economic efficiency.
建築の機能や魅力を創るための隠れた産業的な機能・性能・価値により耐久性や耐震性、また、社会の変化が早いために用途替えや内装の変更に伴う構造形式の拘束から逃れる可変性は時間軸の持続価値を創出する。Durability and earthquake resistance due to hidden industrial functions, performance and value to create architectural functions and attractiveness, and variable to avoid structural constraints due to changing applications and interior changes due to rapid social change Sex creates a sustainable value on the time axis.
何時までも使える骨組みの建築的価値はこれからの成熟社会では、本物志向や町並みも連携する機能が必要である。また、震災などからの復旧が経済的に行える構造的機能が重視されることにもなる。The architectural value of a framework that can be used forever requires a function that links the real intention and townscape in a mature society. In addition, a structural function that can economically recover from an earthquake disaster will be emphasized.
構造が様々な素材や建物形状に対しての費用対効果が求められる。Cost-effectiveness is required for materials and building shapes with various structures.
幅広い用途に一つの建設で対応できることが供給者、利用者の双方に理解され易い。It is easy for both suppliers and users to understand that a single construction can handle a wide range of applications.
様々な機能に対するコストの透明性を創れる建設手法が情報社会では評価が鮮明になる時代であり、産業界が此れまでに増して積極的に参入する可能性もある。The construction method that can create cost transparency for various functions is an era when the evaluation is clear in the information society, and there is a possibility that the industry will enter more aggressively.
6m〜8m四方の建物が構築できることから、鋼材、PC材などサイズ・重量が軽減、部材の小形化から運搬、組み立ての技術も労力も抑制できる従来技術の延長で取り組める効果が得られる架構形態を為し、様々な用途空間を構築する基幹的な構造として、木構造の空間構成に新たな領域を拓く。Since a building of 6m to 8m square can be constructed, the frame form that can be worked on by extending the conventional technology that can reduce the size and weight of steel, PC, etc., reduce the size of the member, transport, assemble and reduce labor Therefore, as a basic structure for constructing various usage spaces, a new area is developed in the space structure of the tree structure.
山から取り出す原木の効果的な利用につなげる。2階建用の通し柱サイズの横使いを増やし、加工抑制による直接的建材化が進み、加工労力・エネルギー、接着剤の削減、建築物の維持管理、解体、再生のトータルなエネルギー削減に役立ち、森林資源の価値向上や工業化や経済の未成熟地域の建築工法並びに素人の建設参加、雇用機会を広げる技術となる。It leads to effective use of raw wood taken from the mountain. Increasing the horizontal use of through-column size for 2 stories building, progressing to direct building materials by suppressing processing, helping to reduce the total energy of processing labor / energy, adhesive reduction, building maintenance management, dismantling, regeneration, It will be a technology to increase the value of forest resources, industrialization, construction methods in immature areas of the economy, amateur construction participation, and employment opportunities.
この架構形式は、IT化、ロボット化、人的建設、など地球レベルの居住環境整備において、木造以外の素材(RC,PC,S造)により更に効果的な発展的成果が見込める。This frame type can be expected to produce more effective development results by using materials other than wooden (RC, PC, S) in the construction of living environment at the global level such as IT, robotization, and human construction.
6.4m四方のユニットを様々に組み合わせると産業的なアイデアは視覚的に広まる。Industrial ideas spread visually when 6.4m square units are combined in various ways.
建築規模を一定に抑制したことで、多くの建築用途に利用でき、生産性が高く、今後の建築に必要な安全性や人と人、人と自然を関係つけるエコロジー性、など多くの建築的課題を予測し解決させる価値・魅力を創出する要素を盛り込んでいる。By controlling the scale of the building to a certain level, it can be used for many architectural purposes, is highly productive, and has many architectural features such as safety necessary for future construction, ecology that links people with people, and people with nature. It incorporates elements that create value and attractiveness to predict and solve problems.
当件技術は、同種の架構を繰り返し連結させる規則的な建築的架構法である。This technology is a regular architectural frame method that repeatedly connects frames of the same type.
建築物の構築手法は、人類誕生から地球上様々な地域に存在する基本分野であり、素材も土、石材、木材、セメント、鉄、等、資源特性を利用した技術分野であり星の数ほどある。また、情報技術の進歩は地球上どこでも建築技術の共有並びに利用が可能な時代である。Building construction is a basic field that has existed in various regions around the globe since the birth of mankind, and the materials are also technical fields that use resource characteristics such as soil, stone, wood, cement, iron, etc. is there. In addition, the advancement of information technology is a time when building technology can be shared and used anywhere on the earth.
また、地球上の人***発期には、人類それぞれの経済状況や雇用にも連携できる住環境づくりを通じ数億の人々に行き渡たせる効果的で簡単な技術が望まれ、素材の活用手段によって新分野を拓きグローバルな地域階層に応用の働く技術と供給の連携効果を誘発する一体的開発が欠かせない。In addition, effective and simple technology that can reach hundreds of millions of people through the creation of a living environment that can be linked to the economic situation and employment of each human being is desired during the period of population explosion on the earth. Integrated development is indispensable to pioneering the effects of cooperation between technology and supply that can be applied to the global regional hierarchy.
自然災害に対する防災や復旧、省資源、省エネルギー、環境保全など歴史的にも技術の改革が進む転換期である。単なる物づくりの手段を越え、人の社会活動と技術の関わりに及ぶ新たな空間創造技術として、建築物の長期持続、維持、管理、再生、災害復旧などに効果的な工業化、ロボット化など技術領域の広まりや先見性の進化も目覚しい。しかし、災害を抑制する身近な技術の未開分野も残されている。This is a turning point in the history of technological reforms such as disaster prevention and recovery against natural disasters, resource conservation, energy conservation and environmental conservation. As a new space creation technology that goes beyond simple means of manufacturing and involves the relationship between human social activities and technology, technologies such as industrialization and robotization that are effective for long-term sustainability, maintenance, management, regeneration, disaster recovery, etc. of buildings The spread of the area and the evolution of foresight are also remarkable. However, there are still undeveloped fields of familiar technology to suppress disasters.
東日本大震災後は改革スピードを加速し、ITを活用した完成後の品質管理や部品交換までのトータルな住空間づくりの相互的なシステム技術の要求が高まる。After the Great East Japan Earthquake, the speed of reform will be accelerated, and the demand for mutual system technology for creating a total living space from quality control and parts replacement using IT will increase.
これらを総合すれば、単純性の中にトータルな多様性、可変性を同時に進める他分野技術との連携手法となるオープン化技術が求められていると言える。If these are put together, it can be said that there is a need for open technology that is a method for linking with technologies in other fields that simultaneously promote total diversity and variability in simplicity.
人と人のコミュニケーション、人が自然力を有効に活用できる建築計画的な形態から成るエコロジーな住環境、エネルギー抑制など、工学的な技術から生物学的な技術の同化を模索する時代であり、世界レベルの住環境づくりを具体化する建築の空間と構造と素材の力学的バランスの効果的な標準化が欠かせないと見える。This is an era of exploring the assimilation of biological technologies from engineering technologies, such as human-to-people communication, ecological living environment with architectural planning that allows people to effectively use natural power, and energy suppression. It seems that effective standardization of the mechanical balance between architectural space, structure and materials that embodies the creation of a high-level living environment is essential.
人類共通の食糧、医療、経済、等の総合性の鍵となる科学的な素材の開発やITと建築物の融合、自然災害対応に適した建設、維持、管理、分解のロボット化などの総合基幹的な位置を占める建築の社会的システム技術に重点が移りつつある。Development of scientific materials that are the key to comprehensiveness of food, medical care, economy, etc. common to humankind, integration of IT and buildings, construction, maintenance, management, robotization of decomposition suitable for natural disaster response, etc. The emphasis is shifting to the social system technology of architecture, which occupies the core position.
人類生存活動の基礎である「衣・食・住」の中で、科学技術文化の成熟期に於ける総括的な「住空間の建築的課題」の解決に応える技術は複雑であり広く深い。Among the “clothes, food and dwelling” that are the foundation of human survival activities, the technology to solve the comprehensive “architectural issues of living space” in the maturity of science and technology culture is complex and wide.
当件技術の課題は、第一に、人と人のコミュニケーション、人と自然環境の関わりを促す建築の空間づくりである。The first issue of this technology is to create an architectural space that encourages communication between people and the relationship between people and the natural environment.
次に、建築の安全、経済、資源、エネルギーなどを総合横断的に担保する建物の様々な機能を決める基幹的技術となり、住生活環境の生産性、波及性、合理性を創出する建物の価値・魅力などの包括的な課題解決の核となる要素や技術分野間のマトリックスな関連性を発揮する基幹的な技術要素の解明である。Next, the value of the building that will become the core technology that determines various functions of the building that guarantees the safety, economy, resources, energy, etc. of the building in a comprehensive manner, and creates productivity, spread and rationality of the living environment・ Elucidation of core elements of solution for comprehensive issues such as attractiveness and basic technological elements that exhibit matrix relationships between technical fields.
長期持続に関する技術分野は領域が広まり細分化が進む特徴があり、一体的に連携集約する機能が一方で必要になる。これらの課題に共通する複雑で多様な機能を集約的に発揮させる鍵となるのは、架構を中心とする素材と構造を力学的にバランスさせる複合的技術領域に潜んでいる。The technical field related to long-term sustainability is characterized by widespread areas and further subdivision, and on the other hand, a function that integrates and collaborates is necessary. The key to intensively exhibiting the complex and diverse functions common to these issues is lurking in a complex technical field that dynamically balances materials and structures centered on frames.
建築物が、それぞれの国、地域の文化、習慣、資源、エネルギーなどの社会背景の中で、建築の役割を果たし、可変性、防災性、修復性にも優れた持続性に応える要素と架構に秘められた要素が共通的であり、どのような架構が多機能な効果を発揮できる技術の核となり得るものか、絞込みが最終的な課題となる。
つまり、人と人、人と自然、人の五感、国地域の文化、習慣、資源、エネルギー、経済、社会背景、並びに建築の安全・生産性・価値・魅力・多様・可変・防 災・修復・力学・品質・性能・運搬・建設・維持・管理・分解・ロボット化・IT化など網羅集約する「住空間に関する共通総合的な長期持続性づくり」である。 Elements and structures that fulfill the role of architecture in the social background of each country and region, such as culture, customs, resources, and energy, and that respond to sustainability with excellent variability, disaster prevention, and repairability. The elements that are concealed are common, and the final issue is to narrow down what kind of frame can be the core of the technology that can exert a multifunctional effect.
In other words, people and people, people and nature, people of the five senses, culture of countries and regions, customs, resources, energy, economy, social background, as well as safety, productivity, value and attractive and diverse, variable, disaster prevention and restoration of the building ・ Mechanism, quality, performance, transportation, construction, maintenance, management, disassembly, robotization, IT, etc., is a comprehensive creation of common long-term sustainability for living spaces.
建築空間単位と構造の「規模を限定する分節構成の架構と単位空間を個別に脱着させる」ことで用途的空間特性などの共通性を絞りタテ・ヨコ・斜めに連続する可変型の空間づくり、建築における諸々の構造的制震の課題と解決の集約的な機能を発揮させるために、素材と構造が力学的にバランスの取れる形と規模の制約により品質、機能の向上並びに工場の生産性、組み立て増減築、可変、維持管理等に対するロボット化など経済効果を発揮する手段を想定したものである。一方、建設と反対の作用すなわち、地震、津波、土石流災害に対し「被害を抑制する力学性と被災後の分節機能を活用する部品・建材の交換などの修復機能を想定した」もあり、この2点に効果を発揮する可能性のある「一定規模の横架材の両端から1/4位置で、2本の柱と梁を結合する単独の分節した空間と構造の一体的架構の連結的建築づくり」は、架構形状を物づくりから使用期間中の空間の多様性や可変性、被災、時代変化に適応させる増減築までを、IT化、ロボット化と関連つけている。 Creating a variable space that is vertically / horizontally / diagonally continuous by narrowing the commonality such as the characteristics of the use space by `` detaching the frame and unit space of the segment structure that limits the scale individually '' of the architectural space unit and structure, In order to demonstrate the intensive functions of various structural seismic control problems and solutions in construction, quality and function improvement as well as factory productivity by limiting the form and scale in which materials and structures can be dynamically balanced, It assumes a means of exerting economic effects such as robotization for assembly increase / decrease, variable, maintenance and management . On the other hand, there is also an action opposite to construction, that is, `` assuming repair functions such as replacement of parts and building materials that utilize the dynamics to suppress damage and the segmentation function after the disaster '' for earthquakes, tsunamis, and debris flow disasters. It can be effective in two points. “One- segment space that connects two pillars and beams at a 1/4 position from both ends of a fixed-size horizontal member. “ Building architecture ” is related to IT and robotization, from building construction to the diversity and variability of space during use, damage, and building changes that adapt to changing times .
住環境に於ける人と自然の活動や建築生産に係る諸々の限定された中の総合的な機能となり、様々な国、地域、素材、文化、習慣、技術、経済格差に適応する単純で共通基幹的な手段に成り得ると位置つけている。
しかし、こうした複合的な機能を構造的に解決するには未開の構造力学分野に挑戦し広い分野で技術融合に負わなければ解決の糸口とする段階でもある。
特に、尽きない資源性や素材質のバラつきがある木材分野の構造的、空間的な分節構造の長期持続性や災害適応並びに社会経済の新たな機能の裾野は広く深い。Simple and common to adapt to various countries, regions, materials, cultures, customs , technologies, economic disparities , becoming a comprehensive function within a limited range of human and natural activities and building production in the living environment It is positioned as a fundamental tool.
However, in order to structurally solve these complex functions, it is also a stage to challenge the unexplored field of structural mechanics and use it as a solution if it does not suffer from technological fusion in a wide range of fields.
In particular, the long-term sustainability of structural and spatial segmental structures, disaster adaptation, and new functions of socio-economics in the timber field, where there are endless resource and material quality variations, are broad and deep.
一定の面積、高さの規模、一定長さの部材、空間単位、運搬単位、活動特性、習慣、用途、などに共通する機能が相互的に作用する多様な空間に役立ち、単独の基本架構の連結のみで力学的に建築構造を完結すれば、生産、管理、性能、機能、精度、品質、流通性や経済性まで、周辺技術への波及効果が広く深く望める。Useful for various spaces where functions common to a certain area, height scale, fixed length members, space units, transport units, activity characteristics, customs, uses, etc. interact, and a single basic frame If the building structure is completed mechanically by just connecting, it can have a wide and deep ripple effect on peripheral technologies from production, management, performance, function, accuracy, quality, distribution and economy.
一つの基本架構単位3組の連結から簡単に空間を完結する明快さを生み、分子構造モデルに似た規則的な配列により様々な分節された単独の構造的空間を力学的にシンプルに安定させられるかの課題と手段を創出する知恵と技術が必要であり、分節された構造単位のピン的で柔軟な結合手法の先に解決策を見定めた。From the connection of three basic frame units, it is easy to complete the space, and the regular arrangement similar to the molecular structure model makes various segmented single structural spaces stable mechanically and simply. We need the wisdom and technology to create the challenges and means of being able to do so, and we have found a solution ahead of the pin-up and flexible combination method of segmented structural units.
素材種類に関わらず建材サイズの制約は、運搬、建設、労力、機械化、IT化、ロボット化など、技術領域の絞り込み、資材の使い回しも効果的になる。Regardless of the type of material, the restriction on the size of the building material is effective in narrowing down the technical area and reusing materials, such as transportation, construction, labor, mechanization, IT, and robotization.
構造耐力壁から開放される空間の連続性が創れ、建築の施工性が単純化され、壁面建材の多様、互換、流通、新産業振興、技術差を越える普及拡大も期待できる。The continuity of the space opened from the structural bearing wall is created, the construction workability of the building is simplified, and the wall construction materials can be expected to expand and spread beyond the technical differences, compatibility, distribution, new industry promotion.
架構単位が連結される場所に柱が存在しないことにより、新たな空間魅力の創出により、人の五感を活かせた行動・思考・交流を促進することも可能である。It is also possible to promote actions, thoughts, and exchanges that make use of the human senses by creating a new space attraction because there is no pillar at the place where frame units are connected.
木材資源の特徴的な、強度、サイズ、軽さ、保温性、などを活かせる構造規模・用途を限定した新たな木造建築が可能になる。New wooden constructions with limited structural scale and applications that can utilize the characteristic strength, size, lightness, and heat retention of wood resources will be possible.
無垢木材の普及サイズである、3・4・6mの加工を抑制した合理的利用に役立つ。It is useful for the rational use that suppresses the processing of 3, 4, 6m, which is the popular size of solid wood.
森林素材の加工抑制による流通短縮は、日本の急峻な立地と国際的産出国との生産環境の差から生じる森林資源の健全な保全と開発に貢献できる。The shortening of distribution through the suppression of processing of forest materials can contribute to the sound preservation and development of forest resources resulting from the difference in production environment between Japan's steep location and international producing countries.
基本の架構は、横架材の長さを限定し両端からそれぞれ1/4程度の応力も抑制する位置で2本の柱を鳥居型に連結し剛性を保持するようにする架構である。The basic frame is a frame that limits the length of the horizontal frame and connects the two columns in a torii form at positions that suppress the stress of about 1/4 from both ends, thereby maintaining rigidity.
二層の架構は、柱と梁の長さを同程度に揃え、資材の有効活用効果を高める。The two-layered frame has the same length of columns and beams to increase the effective utilization of materials.
基本架構を繰り返し配置連結させて、長方形、正方形の建築平面に連結する共通的な接合部品は[図4]のように、架構部材中心軸の交点と架構部材端部との距離を均一にする形態とし、応力を分断させる構造形式とし、脱着機能も備える。Common joint parts that connect the base frame repeatedly and connect to the rectangular and square construction planes, as shown in [Fig. 4], make the distance between the intersection of the frame member central axes and the frame member end portions uniform. It has a form, a structural form that divides stress, and has a desorption function.
6m〜8m四方に柱のない空間規模に限定し、柱間隔を4m〜5m未満に抑え、応力、部材、接合構造などの小形化を実現する。特に、木造では、梁で通し柱を挟み込みボルト締めに限定する加工の少ない接合手法の特徴が有効に働き、通し柱と管柱の接合位置をずらせて階層を重ねる場合にも応力分散による部分的ダメージで建物全体の構造ダメージを避け、部材交換による立体的修復性を保持させる。It is limited to a space scale with no pillars in 6m to 8m square, and the distance between the pillars is limited to less than 4m to 5m, thereby realizing miniaturization of stress, members, joint structures, and the like. In particular, in wooden construction, the feature of the joining method with less processing, in which a through column is sandwiched between beams and limited to bolting, is effective, and even when the layers are stacked by shifting the joining position of the through column and the pipe column, partial damage due to stress dispersion is caused. Avoid structural damage of the entire building, and maintain the three-dimensional repairability by exchanging members.
挟み込む片方の梁を管柱で支える構造は、部材サイズの抑制、床の荷重並びに振動の架構単位毎分割、素材許容力の低い木材の構成の展開幅を広げ、他の素材でも応力バランスを部材サイズの抑制に繋げる技術的展開を実施できる。The structure that supports one of the beams to be sandwiched by the tube pillar is a member that controls the size of the member, divides the floor load and vibration for each frame unit, widens the development range of the wood composition with low material allowance, and balances stress with other materials as well Technical development leading to size control can be implemented.
地中梁と上部架構の一体化は、空間単位毎の構造を文節することで、構造単位毎の増築や減築を可能にする。また、想定外の外力を受けた建物の変形や部分破壊を構造単位ごとに対応する解決策である。この構造単位毎の地中梁間の接合仕口は脱着、制震、共振分断機能も付加できる。IT技術による建物の管理や建設、修復工事においてのロボット化の可能性を盛り込んでいる。The integration of the underground beam and the upper frame enables expansion and reduction for each structural unit by composing the structure for each spatial unit. In addition, it is a solution for dealing with structural deformation and partial destruction of buildings that have been subjected to unexpected external forces. Detachment, seismic control, and resonance splitting functions can be added to the joints between underground beams for each structural unit. It incorporates the possibility of using robots for building management, construction, and restoration work using IT technology.
架構と架構を接続するピン構造の接合部品は未開発だが、脱着、回転、伸縮、制震性、構造変形や品質性能のセンサー機能も対象に建築構造の新領域を拓く余地を持ち、建設作業の安全性やスピードアップ機能、経済性、社会性を実現させる。The joint parts of the pin structure that connect the frame to the frame are not yet developed, but there is room to open up new areas of building structures for sensor functions such as attachment / detachment, rotation, expansion / contraction, vibration control, structural deformation and quality performance, and construction work To realize safety, speed-up function, economy and sociality.
木造の床版構造は、居住空間を囲う壁面と共に、人が継続的に使用する空間のシックハウス対策や断熱性、遮音性、吸音性、吸湿性、などの機能を、面を構成する建材に利用する技術開発である。The wooden floor slab structure, together with the wall surrounding the living space, is used for building materials that make up the surface, such as measures against thick houses and heat insulation, sound insulation, sound absorption, moisture absorption, etc. Technology development.
木構造による一戸建住宅、数戸の集合住宅について、木構造と建築空間の説明をする。We will explain the wooden structure and architectural space for single-family houses and several apartment houses.
基本架構は、横架材長の両端から中央寄り位置で2本の柱と一定の剛性を保持する鳥居型をした架構によるものであり、2階建ての構造では[図1・2・4]に示すように、柱と梁それぞれを従来の角型柱サイズの木材数本をボルトで締結複合させ断面を大きくして剛性を強め、床版もボルト複合の角材により新たな床架構形式の構造としている。[図3]The basic frame is a torii-type frame that has two pillars and a certain level of rigidity at the center position from both ends of the horizontal frame. In the two-story structure, [Fig. 1, 2, 4] As shown in Fig. 3, the pillars and beams are combined with several conventional square pillar-sized timbers with bolts to increase the cross-section and strengthen the rigidity, and the floor slab is also a new floor frame structure with bolt composite squares. It is said. [Fig. 3]
従来木造建築の耐力壁による間取りの制限を開放し建築空間、用途を広げる。Opening restrictions on floor plans using conventional load-bearing walls of wooden buildings will expand the building space and uses.
柱の間隔を狭め応力の抑制と建築規模の一定制限によりラーメン構造で木材の許容力の範囲で安全性を架構の単位毎に完結確保させる。By narrowing the interval between the columns and suppressing the stress and limiting the scale of the building, the safety of each frame unit is ensured with a rigid frame structure within the allowable range of the wood.
架構単位、空間構造単位毎に分節し構造と応力を単純化するピン構造、その柔軟な連結により制震機能を発揮する複合的接合部品により新構造分野を探る。また、この接合部品にIT部品である位置センサーを内蔵し、外力や劣化などによる架構全体の変化を管理し、建物の安全性を使用者単位で確認できる構造。The new structural field will be explored with a pin structure that simplifies the structure and stress by segmenting each frame unit and spatial structure unit, and a composite joint component that exerts a vibration control function by its flexible connection. In addition, a position sensor, which is an IT component, is built into this joint component, so that changes in the entire frame due to external forces and deterioration can be managed, and the safety of the building can be confirmed on a user basis.
空間サイズを6m四方に限定したことで、その空間内に柱がなく間取りを自由に創出できる。また、正角材を集成木材のすると8m四方の空間も探求できる。By limiting the space size to 6m square, there are no pillars in the space, and floor plans can be created freely. In addition, if regular timber is made of laminated timber, an 8m square space can be explored.
[図2]の架構軸組図にある地中梁は、地盤の不同沈下などによる外力に対し、空間単位毎に機械式なジャッキアップに耐えるサイコロ型の構造単位として、リニューアル工事に於ける機械的再生を可能にする長期持続型の構造となる。The underground beam in the frame diagram of [Fig. 2] is a machine in renewal work as a dice-type structural unit that can withstand mechanical jack-up for each space unit against external forces due to uneven settlement of the ground. It will be a long-lasting structure that will enable renewal.
住宅の空間は、大きめのリビング空間や食堂、台所を一体的にする傾向が増えている。また、二人世帯や独居世帯も大きめの空間が好まれる時代にある。In residential spaces, there is an increasing tendency to integrate large living spaces, canteens, and kitchens. In addition, there is a time when two-person households and single-person households prefer larger spaces.
[図7]に示す、6m四方の住宅の内部に柱が不要な木造建築を創出する。
この建物の一辺は長さが6mの一体の架構そのものである。
基本架構と3体の架構が連結されて、平面図にある柱配置からその立体的な構成が合致し木造によるラーメン架構構成が確認できる。Create a wooden building that does not require a pillar inside a 6m square house shown in [Fig. 7].
One side of this building is an integral frame itself with a length of 6m.
The basic frame and the three frames are connected, and the three-dimensional structure is matched from the pillar arrangement in the plan view, and the wooden frame structure can be confirmed.
その平面図に示された柱は軸組それぞれ4面に各々2箇所あり、他は壁や窓を自由に選択して間取りを耐力壁に制限されずに空間計画が可能になる。There are two pillars shown in the plan view on each of the four axes, and the others can be freely selected from walls and windows, and space planning is possible without limiting the floor plan to the bearing walls.
戸建住宅の境界、隣家、双方の窓や壁の配置を考慮し、光や風の道を活かせ建築構造上も安全で、隣家と共存できる間取りを素人でも自由に計画できる。Considering the borders of detached houses, the neighbors, and the windows and walls of both sides, it is safe for the building structure to make use of the light and wind path, and even amateurs can freely plan layouts that can coexist with neighbors.
ITの進歩は、住まいが仕事場にもなる職場環境の変化に適応させる時代の要求に応える可変性や多様な空間ができる構造と空間は人と人の関係にも利用でき、6m四方の空間が2つ連続した場合でも屋外環境との連続性と同様に縦・横・斜めに空間が繋がる。また、シンプルな繰り返し型は建設、維持管理、保全、解体、再生などにロボット化を可能にする条件でもある。The advancement of IT can be used for people-to-people relations and the structure and space that can be changed and various spaces to meet the changing demands of the working environment where homes become workplaces. Even if two are connected, the space is connected vertically, horizontally, and diagonally as well as the continuity with the outdoor environment. The simple repeat type is also a condition that enables robotization for construction, maintenance, maintenance, dismantling, regeneration, etc.
[図5]上下の四角い空間の連続性から読み取れる、隅から隅を結ぶ線上斜めに繋がる空間や上下階の吹抜部を可能にする床組み構成から生れる独特で刺激的な空間は新たな木造建築になる可能性を秘めている。[Fig.5] A unique and exciting space that can be read from the continuity of the square space above and below, and that is created from a floor structure that allows the space between the corners to be connected diagonally on the line connecting the corners and the upper and lower floors. It has the potential to become an architecture.
例えば、2ユニットで70〜80m2の面積は集合住宅の標準的なひろさであり、3ユニットで105〜120m2規模の立体構成からは一戸建住宅の他、様々な用途の建築に使うことも想定している。For example, the area of 70-80m2 with 2 units is the standard openness of a housing complex, and it is assumed that it will be used for various purposes in addition to single-family houses from the three-dimensional configuration of 105-120m2 with 3 units. doing.
建築規模を一定に限定し、その中で多くの用途に応える建築は経営上の営業手段となり業界を活性化すると共に、建築物の所有者、使用者の用途替えの幅を広げ不動産賃貸業にとって価値の持続性として経営を支援できる効果も生れる。Buildings that meet a limited number of uses, and that serve many purposes, will become a business management means and will revitalize the industry, while expanding the range of usage changes for building owners and users. The effect of supporting management as a sustainability of value is also produced.
一般的に利用価値や財産価値、魅力などの上流的で視的な内外空間の価値は個々の建築を越えた町並みの魅力にも通ずる新規性を提供できる。In general, the value of internal and external space, such as utilization value, property value, and attractiveness, can provide novelty that leads to the attractiveness of the townscape beyond individual architectures.
安全性、生産性、持続性、経済性、など消費者と供給者の矛盾の解決に貢献。Contributes to resolving contradictions between consumers and suppliers, such as safety, productivity, sustainability, and economic efficiency.
建築の機能や魅力を創るための隠れた産業的な機能・性能・価値により耐久性や耐震性、また、社会の変化が早いために用途替えや内装の変更に伴う構造形式の拘束から逃れる可変性は時間軸の持続価値を創出する。Durability and earthquake resistance due to hidden industrial functions, performance and value to create architectural functions and attractiveness, and variable to avoid structural constraints due to changing applications and interior changes due to rapid social change Sex creates a sustainable value on the time axis.
何時までも使える骨組みの建築的価値はこれからの成熟社会では、本物志向や町並みも連携する機能が必要である。また、震災などからの復旧が経済的に行える構造的機能が重視されることにもなる。The architectural value of a framework that can be used forever requires a function that links the real intention and townscape in a mature society. In addition, a structural function that can economically recover from an earthquake disaster will be emphasized.
構造が様々な素材や建物形状に対しての費用対効果が求められる。Cost-effectiveness is required for materials and building shapes with various structures.
幅広い用途に一つの建築で対応することが供給者、利用者の双方に理解され易い。It is easy for both suppliers and users to understand a wide range of uses with a single building.
様々な機能に対するコストの透明性を創れる建設手法が情報社会では評価が鮮明になる時代であり、産業界が此れまでに増して積極的に参入する可能性もある。The construction method that can create cost transparency for various functions is an era when the evaluation is clear in the information society, and there is a possibility that the industry will enter more aggressively.
6m〜8m四方の建物が構築できることから、鋼材、PC材などサイズ・重量が軽減、部材の小形化から運搬、組み立ての技術も労力も抑制できる従来技術の延長で取り組める効果が得られる架構形態を為し、様々な用途空間を構築する基幹的な構造として、木構造の空間構成に新たな領域を拓く。Since a building of 6m to 8m square can be constructed, the frame form that can be worked on by extending the conventional technology that can reduce the size and weight of steel, PC, etc., reduce the size of the member, transport, assemble and reduce labor Therefore, as a basic structure for constructing various usage spaces, a new area is developed in the space structure of the tree structure.
山から取り出す原木の効果的な利用につなげる。2階建用の通し柱サイズの横使いを増やし、加工抑制による直接的建材化が進み、加工労力・エネルギー、接着剤の削減、建築物の維持管理、解体、再生のトータルなエネルギー削減に役立ち、森林資源の価値向上や工業化や経済の未成熟地域の建築工法並びに素人の建設参加、雇用機会を広げる技術となる。It leads to effective use of raw wood taken from the mountain. Increasing the horizontal use of through-column size for 2 stories building, progressing to direct building materials by suppressing processing, helping to reduce the total energy of processing labor / energy, adhesive reduction, building maintenance management, dismantling, regeneration, It will be a technology to increase the value of forest resources, industrialization, construction methods in immature areas of the economy, amateur construction participation, and employment opportunities.
この架構形式は、IT化、ロボット化、人的建設、など地球レベルの居住環境整備において、木造以外の素材(RC,PC,S造)により更に効果的な発展的成果が見込める。This frame type can be expected to produce more effective development results by using materials other than wooden (RC, PC, S) in the construction of living environment at the global level such as IT, robotization, and human construction.
建築の簡単な骨組みを組み立て多様性、可変性、持続性など、多くの機能と空間を造り込み、人と人、人と自然を結び関係つけ、様々な価値、機能、魅力、経済性づくりのシステム的な建築生産構造が求められている。Assembling a simple framework of architecture, building many functions and spaces, such as diversity, variability, and sustainability, linking people and people, people and nature, creating various values, functions, attractiveness, and economics A systematic building production structure is required.
誰でもが、此れまでの従来技術で取り組める枠組み中で、新しい機能や価値や魅力を視覚的に理解できることが新たなことに取り組める手段である。Anyone can visually understand new functions, values, and attractiveness within the framework that can be tackled with the conventional technology so far.
基本架構を4体連結した正方形は40m2強の小住宅の空間形成した平面図。A square with four basic frames connected is a plan view of a space of a small house of over 40m2.
6.4m四方のユニットを様々組み合わせると産業的アイデアは視覚的に広まる。Industrial ideas spread visually when 6.4m square units are combined in various ways.
建築規模を一定に抑制したことで、多くの建築用途に利用でき、生産性が高く、今後の建築に必要な安全性や人と人、人と自然を関係つけるエコロジー性など多くの建築的課題を予測し解決させる価値・魅力を創出する要素を盛り込んでいる。By controlling the building scale to a certain level, it can be used for many architectural purposes, is highly productive, and has many architectural issues such as the safety required for future construction and the ecology that relates people to people and people to nature. Incorporating elements that create value and attractiveness to predict and solve the problem.
当件技術は、同種の架構を繰り返し連結させる規則的な建築的架構法である。This technology is a regular architectural frame method that repeatedly connects frames of the same type.
建築物の構築手法は、人類誕生から地球上様々な地域に存在する基本分野であり、素材も土、石材、木材、セメント、鉄、等、資源特性を利用した技術分野であり星の数ほどある。また、情報技術の進歩は地球上どこでも建築技術の共有並びに利用が可能な時代である。Building construction is a basic field that has existed in various regions around the globe since the birth of mankind, and the materials are also technical fields that use resource characteristics such as soil, stone, wood, cement, iron, etc. is there. In addition, the advancement of information technology is a time when building technology can be shared and used anywhere on the earth.
また、地球上の人***発期には、人類それぞれの経済状況や雇用にも連携できる住環境づくりを通じ数億の人々に行き渡たせる効果的で簡単な技術が望まれ、素材の活用手段によって新分野を拓きグローバルな地域階層に応用の働く技術と供給の連携効果を誘発する一体的開発が欠かせない。In addition, effective and simple technology that can reach hundreds of millions of people through the creation of a living environment that can be linked to the economic situation and employment of each human being is desired during the period of population explosion on the earth. Integrated development is indispensable to pioneering the effects of cooperation between technology and supply that can be applied to the global regional hierarchy.
自然災害に対する防災や復旧、省資源、省エネルギー、環境保全など歴史的にも技術の改革が進む転換期である。単なる物づくりの手段を越え、人の社会活動と技術の関わりに及ぶ新たな空間創造技術として、建築物の長期持続、維持、管理、再生、災害復旧などに効果的な工業化、ロボット化など技術領域の広まりや先見性の進化も目覚しい。しかし、災害を抑制する身近な技術の未開分野も残されている。This is a turning point in the history of technological reforms such as disaster prevention and recovery against natural disasters, resource conservation, energy conservation and environmental conservation. As a new space creation technology that goes beyond simple means of manufacturing and involves the relationship between human social activities and technology, technologies such as industrialization and robotization that are effective for long-term sustainability, maintenance, management, regeneration, disaster recovery, etc. of buildings The spread of the area and the evolution of foresight are also remarkable. However, there are still undeveloped fields of familiar technology to suppress disasters.
東日本大震災後は改革スピードを加速し、ITを活用した完成後の品質管理や部品交換までのトータルな住空間づくりの相互的なシステム技術の要求が高まる。After the Great East Japan Earthquake, the speed of reform will be accelerated, and the demand for mutual system technology for creating a total living space from quality control and parts replacement using IT will increase.
これらを総合すれば、単純性の中にトータルな多様性、可変性を同時に進める他分野技術との連携手法となるオープン化技術が求められていると言える。If these are put together, it can be said that there is a need for open technology that is a method for linking with technologies in other fields that simultaneously promote total diversity and variability in simplicity.
人と人のコミュニケーション、人が自然力を有効に活用できる建築計画的な形態から成るエコロジーな住環境、エネルギー抑制など、工学的な技術から生物学的な技術の同化を模索する時代であり、世界レベルの住環境づくりを具体化する建築の空間と構造と素材の力学的バランスの効果的な標準化が欠かせないと見える。This is an era of exploring the assimilation of biological technologies from engineering technologies, such as human-to-people communication, ecological living environment with architectural planning that allows people to effectively use natural power, and energy suppression. It seems that effective standardization of the mechanical balance between architectural space, structure and materials that embodies the creation of a high-level living environment is essential.
人類共通の食糧、医療、経済、等の総合性の鍵となる科学的な素材の開発やITと建築物の融合、自然災害対応に適した建設、維持、管理、分解のロボット化などの総合基幹的な位置を占める建築の社会的システム技術に重点が移りつつある。Development of scientific materials that are the key to comprehensiveness of food, medical care, economy, etc. common to humankind, integration of IT and buildings, construction, maintenance, management, robotization of decomposition suitable for natural disaster response, etc. The emphasis is shifting to the social system technology of architecture, which occupies the core position.
人類生存活動の基礎である「衣・食・住」の中で、科学技術文化の成熟期に於ける総括的な「住空間の建築的課題」の解決に応える技術は複雑であり広く深い。Among the “clothes, food and dwelling” that are the foundation of human survival activities, the technology to solve the comprehensive “architectural issues of living space” in the maturity of science and technology culture is complex and wide.
当件技術の課題は、第一に、人と人のコミュニケーション、人と自然環境の関わりを促す建築の空間づくりである。The first issue of this technology is to create an architectural space that encourages communication between people and the relationship between people and the natural environment.
次に、建築の安全、経済、資源、エネルギーなどを総合横断的に担保する建物の様々な機能を決める基幹的技術となり、住生活環境の生産性、波及性、合理性を創出する建物の価値・魅力などの包括的な課題解決の核となる要素や技術分野間のマトリックスな関連性を発揮する基幹的な技術要素の解明である。Next, the value of the building that will become the core technology that determines various functions of the building that guarantees the safety, economy, resources, energy, etc. of the building in a comprehensive manner, and creates productivity, spread and rationality of the living environment・ Elucidation of core elements of solution for comprehensive issues such as attractiveness and basic technological elements that exhibit matrix relationships between technical fields.
長期持続に関する技術分野は領域が広まり細分化が進む特徴があり、一体的に連携集約する機能が一方で必要になる。これらの課題に共通する複雑で多様な機能を集約的に発揮させる鍵となるのは、架構を中心とする素材と構造を力学的にバランスさせる複合的技術領域に潜んでいる。The technical field related to long-term sustainability is characterized by widespread areas and further subdivision, and on the other hand, a function that integrates and collaborates is necessary. The key to intensively exhibiting the complex and diverse functions common to these issues is lurking in a complex technical field that dynamically balances materials and structures centered on frames.
建築物が、それぞれの国、地域の文化、習慣、資源、エネルギーなどの社会背景の中で、建築の役割を果たし、可変性、防災性、修復性にも優れた持続性に応える要素と架構に秘められた要素が共通的であり、どのような架構が多機能な効果を発揮できる技術の核となり得るものか、絞込みが最終的な課題となる。Elements and structures that fulfill the role of architecture in the social background of each country and region, such as culture, customs, resources, and energy, and that respond to sustainability with excellent variability, disaster prevention, and repairability. The elements that are concealed are common, and the final issue is to narrow down what kind of frame can be the core of the technology that can exert a multifunctional effect.
建築空間単位と構造の「規模を限定することで用途的空間特性などの共通性を絞り、建築における諸々の課題と解決の集約的な機能を発揮させるために、素材と構造が力学的にバランスの取れる形と規模の制約により生産性や経済効果を発揮する手段としたものである。一方、建設と反対の作用すなわち、地震、津波、土石流災害に対し「被害を抑制する力学的配慮」もあり、この2点に効果を発揮する可能性のある「一定規模の横架材の両端から1/4位置で、2本の柱と梁を結合する単独の鳥居型架構」である。Building materials and structures are balanced mechanically in order to narrow down the commonalities such as the characteristics of use space by limiting the scale of building space units and structures, and to demonstrate the intensive functions of various problems and solutions in architecture. On the other hand, it is a means of exerting productivity and economic effects by limiting the shape and scale of the structure, but also “mechanical consideration to suppress damage” against the opposite action of construction, ie, earthquakes, tsunamis, and debris flow disasters. There is a “single torii-type frame that connects two pillars and beams at 1/4 position from both ends of a horizontal member of a certain scale”, which is effective in these two points.
住環境に於ける人と自然の活動や建築生産に係る諸々の限定された中の総合的な機能となり、様々な国、地域、素材、文化、習慣に適応する単純で共通基幹的な手段に成り得ると位置つけている。
しかし、こうした複合的な機能を構造的に解決するには未開の構造力学分野に挑戦し広い分野で技術融合に負わなければ解決の糸口とする段階でもある。
特に、尽きない資源性や素材質のバラつきがある木材分野の裾野は広く深い。It becomes a comprehensive function in various limited areas related to human and natural activities and building production in the living environment, and it becomes a simple and common basic means to adapt to various countries, regions, materials, cultures and customs. It is positioned as possible.
However, in order to structurally solve these complex functions, it is also a stage to challenge the unexplored field of structural mechanics and use it as a solution if it does not suffer from technological fusion in a wide range of fields.
In particular, the base of the timber field, where there are endless resource variations and material quality variations, is wide and deep.
一定の面積、高さの規模、一定長さの部材、空間単位、運搬単位、活動特性、習慣、用途、などに共通する機能が相互的に作用する多様な空間に役立ち、単独の基本架構の連結のみで力学的に建築構造を完結すれば、生産、管理、性能、機能、精度、品質、流通性や経済性まで、周辺技術への波及効果が広く深く望める。Useful for various spaces where functions common to a certain area, height scale, fixed length members, space units, transport units, activity characteristics, customs, uses, etc. interact, and a single basic frame If the building structure is completed mechanically by just connecting, it can have a wide and deep ripple effect on peripheral technologies from production, management, performance, function, accuracy, quality, distribution and economy.
一つの基本架構単位3組の連結から簡単に空間を完結する明快さを生み、分子構造モデルに似た規則的な配列により様々な分節された単独の構造的空間を力学的にシンプルに安定させられるかの課題と手段を創出する知恵と技術が必要であり分節された構造単位のピン的で柔軟な結合手法の先に解決策を見定めた。From the connection of three basic frame units, it is easy to complete the space, and the regular arrangement similar to the molecular structure model makes various segmented single structural spaces stable mechanically and simply. We needed wisdom and technology to create the issues and means of being able to do so, and we decided on a solution ahead of the pinned and flexible combination method of segmented structural units.
素材種類に関わらず建材サイズの制約は、運搬、建設、労力、機械化、IT化、ロボット化など、技術領域の絞り込み、資材の使い回しも効果的になる。Regardless of the type of material, the restriction on the size of the building material is effective in narrowing down the technical area and reusing materials, such as transportation, construction, labor, mechanization, IT, and robotization.
構造耐力壁から開放される空間の連続性が創れ、建築の施工性が単純化され、壁面建材の多様、互換、流通、新産業振興、技術差を越える普及拡大も期待できる。The continuity of the space opened from the structural bearing wall is created, the construction workability of the building is simplified, and the wall construction materials can be expected to expand and spread beyond the technical differences, compatibility, distribution, new industry promotion.
架構単位が連結される場所に柱が存在しないことにより、新たな空間魅力の創出により、人の五感を活かせた行動・思考・交流を促進することも可能である。It is also possible to promote actions, thoughts, and exchanges that make use of the human senses by creating a new space attraction because there is no pillar at the place where frame units are connected.
木材資源の特徴的な、強度、サイズ、軽さ、保温性、などを活かせる構造規模・用途を限定した新たな木造建築が可能になる。New wooden constructions with limited structural scale and applications that can utilize the characteristic strength, size, lightness, and heat retention of wood resources will be possible.
無垢木材の普及サイズである、3・4・6mの加工を抑制した合理的利用に役立つ。It is useful for the rational use that suppresses the processing of 3, 4, 6m, which is the popular size of solid wood.
森林素材の加工抑制による流通短縮は、日本の急峻な立地と国際的産出国との生産環境の差から生じる森林資源の健全な保全と開発に貢献できる。The shortening of distribution through the suppression of processing of forest materials can contribute to the sound preservation and development of forest resources resulting from the difference in production environment between Japan's steep location and international producing countries.
基本の架構は、横架材の長さを限定し両端からそれぞれ1/4程度の応力も抑制する位置で2本の柱を鳥居型に連結し剛性を保持するようにする架構The basic frame is a frame that maintains the rigidity by connecting two pillars in a torii form at a position that limits the length of the horizontal frame and suppresses about 1/4 stress from both ends.
二層の架構は、柱と梁の長さを同程度に揃え、資材の有効活用効果を高める。The two-layered frame has the same length of columns and beams to increase the effective utilization of materials.
基本架構を繰り返し配置連結させて、長方形、正方形の建築平面に連結する共通的な接合部品は[図4]のように、架構部材中心軸の交点と架構部材端部との距離を均一にする形態とし、応力を分断させる構造形式とし、脱着機能も備える。Common joint parts that connect the base frame repeatedly and connect to the rectangular and square construction planes, as shown in [Fig. 4], make the distance between the intersection of the frame member central axes and the frame member end portions uniform. It has a form, a structural form that divides stress, and has a desorption function.
6m〜8m四方に柱のない空間規模に限定し、柱間隔を4m〜5m未満に抑え、応力、部材、接合構造などの小形化を実現する。特に、木造では、梁で通し柱を挟み込みボルト締めに限定する加工の少ない接合手法の特徴が有効に働き、通し柱と管柱の接合位置をずらせて階層を重ねる場合にも応力分散による部分的ダメージで建物全体の構造ダメージを避け、部材交換による立体的修復性を保持させる。It is limited to a space scale with no pillars in 6m to 8m square, and the distance between the pillars is limited to less than 4m to 5m, thereby realizing miniaturization of stress, members, joint structures, and the like. In particular, in wooden construction, the feature of the joining method with less processing, in which a through column is sandwiched between beams and limited to bolting, is effective, and even when the layers are stacked by shifting the joining position of the through column and the pipe column, partial damage due to stress dispersion is caused. Avoid structural damage of the entire building, and maintain the three-dimensional repairability by exchanging members.
挟み込む片方の梁を管柱で支える構造は、部材サイズの抑制、床の荷重並びに振動の架構単位毎分割、素材許容力の低い木材の構成の展開幅を広げ、他の素材でも応力バランスを部材サイズの抑制に繋げる技術的展開を実施できる。The structure that supports one of the beams to be sandwiched by the tube pillar is a member that controls the size of the member, divides the floor load and vibration for each frame unit, widens the development range of the wood composition with low material allowance, and balances stress with other materials as well Technical development leading to size control can be implemented.
地中梁と上部架構の一体化は、空間単位毎の構造を文節することで、構造単位毎の増築や減築を可能にする。また、想定外の外力を受けた建物の変形や部分破壊を構造単位ごとに対応する解決策である。この構造単位毎の地中粱間の接合仕口は脱着、制震、共振分断機能も付加できる。IT技術による建物の管理や建設、修復工事においてのロボット化の可能性を盛り込んでいる。The integration of the underground beam and the upper frame enables expansion and reduction for each structural unit by composing the structure for each spatial unit. In addition, it is a solution for dealing with structural deformation and partial destruction of buildings that have been subjected to unexpected external forces. Detachment, seismic control, and resonance splitting functions can be added to the joints between underground anchors for each structural unit. It incorporates the possibility of using robots for building management, construction, and restoration work using IT technology.
架構と架構を接続するピン構造の接合部品は未開発だが、脱着、回転、伸縮、制震性、構造変形や品質性能のセンサー機能も対象に建築構造の新領域を拓く余地を持ち、建設作業の安全性やスピードアップ機能、経済性、社会性を実現させる。The joint parts of the pin structure that connect the frame to the frame are not yet developed, but there is room to open up new areas of building structures for sensor functions such as attachment / detachment, rotation, expansion / contraction, vibration control, structural deformation and quality performance, and construction work To realize safety, speed-up function, economy and sociality.
木造の床版構造は、居住空間を囲う壁面と共に、人が継続的に使用する空間のシックハウス対策や断熱性、遮音性、吸音性、吸湿性、などの機能を、面を構成する建材に利用する技術開発である。The wooden floor slab structure, together with the wall surrounding the living space, is used for building materials that make up the surface, such as measures against thick houses and heat insulation, sound insulation, sound absorption, moisture absorption, etc. Technology development.
木構造による一戸建住宅、数戸の集合住宅について、木構造と建築空間の説明をする。We will explain the wooden structure and architectural space for single-family houses and several apartment houses.
基本架構は、横架材長の両端から中央寄り位置で2本の柱と一定の剛性を保持する鳥居型をした架構によるものであり、2階建ての構造では[図1・2・4]に示すように、柱と梁それぞれを従来の角型柱サイズの木材数本をボルトで締結複合させ断面を大きくして剛性を強め、床版もボルト複合の角材により新たな床架構形式の構造としている。[図3]The basic frame is a torii-type frame that has two pillars and a certain level of rigidity at the center position from both ends of the horizontal frame. In the two-story structure, [Fig. 1, 2, 4] As shown in Fig. 3, the pillars and beams are combined with several conventional square pillar-sized timbers with bolts to increase the cross-section and strengthen the rigidity, and the floor slab is also a new floor frame structure with bolt composite squares. It is said. [Fig. 3]
従来木造建築の耐力壁による間取りの制限を開放し建築空間、用途を広げる。Opening restrictions on floor plans using conventional load-bearing walls of wooden buildings will expand the building space and uses.
柱の間隔を狭め応力の抑制と建築規模の一定制限によりラーメン構造で木材の許容力の範囲で安全性を架構の単位毎に完結確保させる。By narrowing the interval between the columns and suppressing the stress and limiting the scale of the building, the safety of each frame unit is ensured with a rigid frame structure within the allowable range of the wood.
架構単位、空間構造単位毎に分節し構造と応力を単純化するピン構造、その柔軟な連結により制震機能を発揮する複合的接合部品により新構造分野を探る。また、この接合部品にIT部品である位置センサーを内蔵し、外力や劣化などによる架構全体の変化を管理し、建物の安全性を使用者単位で確認できる構造。The new structural field will be explored with a pin structure that simplifies the structure and stress by segmenting each frame unit and spatial structure unit, and a composite joint component that exerts a vibration control function by its flexible connection. In addition, a position sensor, which is an IT component, is built into this joint component, so that changes in the entire frame due to external forces and deterioration can be managed, and the safety of the building can be confirmed on a user basis.
空間サイズを6m四方に限定したことで、その空間内に柱がなく間取りを自由 に創出できる。また、正角材を集成木材のすると8m四方の空間も探求できる。By limiting the space size to 6m square, there are no pillars in the space, and floor plans can be created freely. In addition, if regular timber is made of laminated timber, an 8m square space can be explored.
[図2]の架構軸組図にある地中梁は、地盤の不同沈下などによる外力に対し、空間単位毎に機械式なジャッキアップに耐えるサイコロ型の構造単位として、リニューアル工事に於ける機械的再生を可能にする長期持続型の構造となる。The underground beam in the frame diagram of [Fig. 2] is a machine in renewal work as a dice-type structural unit that can withstand mechanical jack-up for each space unit against external forces due to uneven settlement of the ground. It will be a long-lasting structure that will enable renewal.
住宅の空間は、大きめのリビング空間や食堂、台所を一体的にする傾向が増えている。また、二人世帯や独居世帯も大きめの空間が好まれる時代にある。In residential spaces, there is an increasing tendency to integrate large living spaces, canteens, and kitchens. In addition, there is a time when two-person households and single-person households prefer larger spaces.
[図7]に示す、6m四方の住宅の内部に柱が不要な木造建築を創出する。
この建物の一辺は長さが6mの一体の[請求項−1]架構そのものである。
[図1]の基本架構と3体の架構が連結されて、[図7]の平面図にある柱配置からその立体的な構成が合致し木造によるラーメン架構構成が確認できる。Create a wooden building that does not require a pillar inside a 6m square house shown in [Fig. 7].
One side of this building is an integral [claim-1] frame itself having a length of 6 m.
The basic frame of [FIG. 1] and the three frames are connected, and the three-dimensional structure is matched from the column arrangement in the plan view of [FIG. 7], and the wooden frame structure can be confirmed.
その平面図に示された柱は軸組それぞれ4面に各々2箇所あり、他は壁や窓を自由に選択して間取りを耐力壁に制限されずに空間計画が可能になる。There are two pillars shown in the plan view on each of the four axes, and the others can be freely selected from walls and windows, and space planning is possible without limiting the floor plan to the bearing walls.
戸建住宅の境界、隣家、双方の窓や壁の配置を考慮し、光や風の道を活かせ建築構造上も安全で、隣家と共存できる間取りを素人でも自由に計画できる。Considering the borders of detached houses, the neighbors, and the windows and walls of both sides, it is safe for the building structure to make use of the light and wind path, and even amateurs can freely plan layouts that can coexist with neighbors.
ITの進歩は、住まいが仕事場にもなる職場環境の変化に適応させる時代の要求に応える可変性や多様な空間ができる構造と空間は人と人の関係にも利用でき、6m四方の空間が2つ連続した場合でも屋外環境との連続性と同様に縦・横・斜めに空間が繋がる。また、シンプルな繰り返し型は建設、維持管理、保全、解体、再生などにロボット化を可能にする条件でもある。The advancement of IT can be used for people-to-people relations and the structure and space that can be changed and various spaces to meet the changing demands of the working environment where homes become workplaces. Even if two are connected, the space is connected vertically, horizontally, and diagonally as well as the continuity with the outdoor environment. The simple repeat type is also a condition that enables robotization for construction, maintenance, maintenance, dismantling, regeneration, etc.
[図5]上下の四角い空間の連続性から読み取れる、隅から隅を結ぶ線上斜めに繋がる空間や上下階の吹抜部を可能にする[図3]の床組み構成から生れる独特で刺激的な空間は新たな木造建築になる可能性を秘めている。[Fig. 5] A unique and exciting result from the floor structure of [Fig. 3] that enables a space connected diagonally on the line connecting the corners and the upper and lower floors to be read from the continuity of the square space above and below. The space has the potential to become a new wooden building.
例えば、2ユニットで70〜80m2の面積は集合住宅の標準的なひろさであり、3ユニットで105〜120m2規模の構成[図6]の立体構成からは一戸建住宅の他、様々な用途の建築に使うことも想定している。For example, the area of 70 to 80m2 with 2 units is the standard openness of an apartment house, and the three-dimensional configuration of 105 to 120m2 with 3 units [Fig. It is also assumed to be used for construction.
建築規模を一定に限定し、その中で多くの用途に応える建築は経営上の営業手段となり業界を活性化すると共に、建築物の所有者、使用者の用途替えの幅が広いことが不動産賃貸業にとって価値の持続性として経営を支援できる効果も生れる。Buildings that meet a wide range of uses within a limited scale of construction will become a management means of business and will revitalize the industry. The effect that management can be supported as sustainability of value for the industry is also produced.
一般的に利用価値や財産価値、魅力などの上流的で視的な内外空間の価値は個々の建築を越えた町並みの魅力にも通ずる新規性を提供できる。In general, the value of internal and external space, such as utilization value, property value, and attractiveness, can provide novelty that leads to the attractiveness of the townscape beyond individual architectures.
安全性、生産性、持続性、経済性、など消費者と供給者の矛盾の解決に貢献。Contributes to resolving contradictions between consumers and suppliers, such as safety, productivity, sustainability, and economic efficiency.
建築の機能や魅力を創るための隠れた産業的な機能・性能・価値により耐久性や耐震性、また、社会の変化が早いために用途替えや内装の変更に伴う構造形式の拘束から逃れる可変性は時間軸の持続価値を創出する。Durability and earthquake resistance due to hidden industrial functions, performance and value to create architectural functions and attractiveness, and variable to avoid structural constraints due to changing applications and interior changes due to rapid social change Sex creates a sustainable value on the time axis.
何時までも使える骨組みの建築的価値はこれからの成熟社会では、本物志向や町並みも連携する機能が必要である。また、震災などからの復旧が経済的に行える構造的機能が重視されることにもなる。The architectural value of a framework that can be used forever requires a function that links the real intention and townscape in a mature society. In addition, a structural function that can economically recover from an earthquake disaster will be emphasized.
構造が様々な素材や建物形状に対しての費用対効果が求められる。Cost-effectiveness is required for materials and building shapes with various structures.
幅広い用途に一つの建設で対応できることが供給者、利用者の双方に理解され易い。It is easy for both suppliers and users to understand that a single construction can handle a wide range of applications.
様々な機能に対するコストの透明性を創れる建設手法が情報社会では評価が鮮明になる時代であり、産業界が此れまでに増して積極的に参入する可能性もある。The construction method that can create cost transparency for various functions is an era when the evaluation is clear in the information society, and there is a possibility that the industry will enter more aggressively.
6m〜8m四方の建物が構築できることから、鋼材、PC材などサイズ・重量が軽減、部材の小形化から運搬、組み立ての技術も労力も抑制できる従来技術の延長で取り組める効果が得られる架構形態を為し、様々な用途空間を構築する基幹的な構造として、木構造の空間構成に新たな領域を拓く。Since a building of 6m to 8m square can be constructed, the frame form that can be worked on by extending the conventional technology that can reduce the size and weight of steel, PC, etc., reduce the size of the member, transport, assemble and reduce labor Therefore, as a basic structure for constructing various usage spaces, a new area is developed in the space structure of the tree structure.
山から取り出す原木の効果的な利用につなげる。2階建用の通し柱サイズの横使いを増やし、加工抑制による直接的建材化が進み、加工労力・エネルギー、接着剤の削減、建築物の維持管理、解体、再生のトータルなエネルギー削減に役立ち、森林資源の価値向上や工業化や経済の未成熟地域の建築工法並びに素人の建設参加、雇用機会を広げる技術となる。It leads to effective use of raw wood taken from the mountain. Increasing the horizontal use of through-column size for 2 stories building, progressing to direct building materials by suppressing processing, helping to reduce the total energy of processing labor / energy, adhesive reduction, building maintenance management, dismantling, regeneration, It will be a technology to increase the value of forest resources, industrialization, construction methods in immature areas of the economy, amateur construction participation, and employment opportunities.
この架構形式は、IT化、ロボット化、人的建設、など地球レベルの居住環境整備において、木造以外の素材(RC,PC,S造)により更に効果的な発展的成果が見込める。This frame type can be expected to produce more effective development results by using materials other than wooden (RC, PC, S) in the construction of living environment at the global level such as IT, robotization, and human construction.
建築の簡単な骨組みを組み立て多様性、可変性、持続性など、多くの機能と空間を造り込み、人と人、人と自然を結び関係つけ、様々な価値、機能、魅力、経済性づくりのシステム的な建築生産構造が求められている。Assembling a simple framework of architecture, building many functions and spaces, such as diversity, variability, and sustainability, linking people and people, people and nature, creating various values, functions, attractiveness, and economics A systematic building production structure is required.
誰でもが、此れまでの従来技術で取り組める枠組み中で、新しい機能や価値や魅力を視覚的に理解できることが新たなことに取り組める手段である。Anyone can visually understand new functions, values, and attractiveness within the framework that can be tackled with the conventional technology so far.
基本架構を4体連結した正方形は40m2強の小住宅の空間形成した平面図】A square with four basic frames connected to each other.
6.4m四方のユニットを様々に組み合わせると産業的なアイデアは視覚的に広まる。Industrial ideas spread visually when 6.4m square units are combined in various ways.
建築規模を一定に抑制したことで、多くの建築用途に利用でき、生産性が高く今後の建築に必要な安全性や人と人、人と自然を関係つけるエコロジー性など多くの建築的課題を予測し解決させる価値・魅力を創出する要素を盛り込んでいる。By restricting the scale of the building to a certain level, it can be used for many architectural purposes, and it can be used for many architectural issues such as high productivity and safety necessary for future construction, and ecology that relates people to people and people to nature. It includes elements that create value and attractiveness that can be predicted and resolved.
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