JP2013052071A - X-ray diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray diagnostic apparatus Download PDF

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JP2013052071A
JP2013052071A JP2011191363A JP2011191363A JP2013052071A JP 2013052071 A JP2013052071 A JP 2013052071A JP 2011191363 A JP2011191363 A JP 2011191363A JP 2011191363 A JP2011191363 A JP 2011191363A JP 2013052071 A JP2013052071 A JP 2013052071A
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rotation center
center axis
axis
arm
ray
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JP5630407B2 (en
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Daisuke Notohara
大介 能登原
Shoji Takamura
祥司 高村
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Shimadzu Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus, which makes it easy to position a specimen on a central rotational axis.SOLUTION: A laser marker 11 is provided on a central rotational axis x that turns an image system 4, and laser light O is emitted from the laser marker 11 along the central rotational axis x. The emission of laser light O in this way will enable confirmation of the laser light O emitted from the laser marker 11 provided at the central rotational axis x, and going along the central rotational axis x. Accordingly, it is easy to arrange a specimen toward the image system 4, by moving it relatively to the central rotational axis x on the, basis of the laser light O emitted from the laser marker 11 going along the central rotational axis x.

Description

この発明は、Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出手段からなる映像系により撮影を行うＸ線診断装置に係り、特に、映像系を回転させて撮影を行う技術に関する。   The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that performs imaging using an image system including an X-ray tube and X-ray detection means, and more particularly to a technique for performing imaging by rotating an image system.

従来、この種の装置として、図８に示すように、一端でＸ線管１０１を保持し、他端でＸ線検出器１０２を保持する湾曲状に形成されたＣアーム１０３を備えた外科用Ｘ線診断装置がある（例えば、特許文献１、非特許文献１参照）。このＣアーム１０３は、図８（ａ）の正面図に示すように、Ｃアーム１０３自身に沿って被検体Ｍの体軸ｚの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＡ方向に）回転することで、Ｃアーム１０３に保持されたＸ線管１０１およびＸ線検出器１０２も同方向に回転することが可能である。さらに、図８（ｂ）の側面図に示すように、Ｃアーム１０３は体軸ｚと直交する回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＢ方向に）回転することで、Ｘ線管１０１およびＸ線検出器１０２も同方向に回転することが可能である。   Conventionally, as an apparatus of this type, as shown in FIG. 8, a surgical apparatus provided with a curved C-arm 103 that holds an X-ray tube 101 at one end and an X-ray detector 102 at the other end. There is an X-ray diagnostic apparatus (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). As shown in the front view of FIG. 8A, the C arm 103 rotates around the axis of the body axis z of the subject M (in the direction of the arrow RA) along the C arm 103 itself. The X-ray tube 101 and the X-ray detector 102 held by the arm 103 can also rotate in the same direction. Further, as shown in the side view of FIG. 8B, the C-arm 103 rotates around the axis of the rotation center axis x orthogonal to the body axis z (in the direction of the arrow RB), so that the X-ray tube 101 and The X-ray detector 102 can also rotate in the same direction.

図８（ｂ）のように、回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＢ方向に）Ｘ線管１０１およびＸ線検出器１０２を回転させると、回転中心に対して互いに異なる方向（投影角度）からＸ線を照射する。各々照射されて取得された複数のＸ線画像から、逆投影による再構成により、被検体Ｍを載置した天板１０４に平行な任意高さ（裁断面）の断層画像を取得することができる。このような断層撮影は、「トモシンセシス」とも呼ばれている。   As shown in FIG. 8B, when the X-ray tube 101 and the X-ray detector 102 are rotated around the axis of the rotation center axis x (in the direction of the arrow RB), different directions (projection angles) with respect to the rotation center. ) Is irradiated with X-rays. A tomographic image having an arbitrary height (cut surface) parallel to the top plate 104 on which the subject M is placed can be acquired from a plurality of X-ray images acquired by irradiation by reconstruction by back projection. . Such tomography is also called “tomosynthesis”.

Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出器からなる映像系が床面（、天井面あるいは壁面）に対して固定式の透視台システムでは、映像系の位置と天板の位置とが既知であるので、回転中心軸に対して被検体を容易に配置することができる。また、特許文献１や非特許文献１のようにＣアームごと映像系を自在に移動させる移動式のように、Ｃアームを備えた撮影システムと独立した天板を組み合わせて使用する場合には、映像系の位置が既知でない。   In a fluoroscopic table system in which an image system composed of an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector is fixed to the floor surface (or ceiling surface or wall surface), the position of the image system and the position of the top plate are known. The subject can be easily arranged with respect to the central axis. In addition, when using a combination of an imaging system equipped with a C arm and an independent top plate, such as a movable type that freely moves the video system together with the C arm as in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, The position of the video system is not known.

しかし、そのような映像系の位置が既知でない移動式であっても、Ｃアーム１０３が半円形であれば、図９（ａ）の正面図から図９（ｂ）の正面図に示すように、Ｃアーム１０３を体軸ｚの軸心周りに９０度回転させると、Ｘ線管１０１とＸ線検出器１０２とを結ぶＸ線の照射軸が回転中心軸ｘに平行になって一致する。したがって、回転中心軸ｘに一致した照射軸に合わせてＣアーム１０３または天板１０４のいずれかを移動させれば、回転中心軸ｘに被検体Ｍを配置することができる。そして、回転中心軸ｘに被検体Ｍを配置した後に、図８（ａ）の正面図に示すように、Ｃアーム１０３を体軸ｚの軸心周りに−９０度回転させて０度に戻す。その後、図８（ｂ）の側面図に示すように、回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りにＸ線管１０１およびＸ線検出器１０２を回転させながら、Ｘ線管１０１から被検体Ｍに向けてＸ線を照射し、Ｘ線検出器１０２がＸ線を検出して、断層撮影（トモシンセシス）を行う。   However, even if the position of the video system is not known, as long as the C arm 103 is semicircular, as shown in the front view of FIG. 9A to the front view of FIG. When the C-arm 103 is rotated 90 degrees around the axis of the body axis z, the X-ray irradiation axis connecting the X-ray tube 101 and the X-ray detector 102 is parallel to the rotation center axis x and coincides. Therefore, the subject M can be placed on the rotation center axis x by moving either the C arm 103 or the top plate 104 according to the irradiation axis that coincides with the rotation center axis x. Then, after placing the subject M on the rotation center axis x, as shown in the front view of FIG. 8A, the C arm 103 is rotated by −90 degrees around the axis of the body axis z to return to 0 degrees. . Thereafter, as shown in the side view of FIG. 8B, the X-ray tube 101 and the X-ray detector 102 are rotated from the X-ray tube 101 toward the subject M while rotating around the axis of the rotation center axis x. X-rays are emitted, the X-ray detector 102 detects the X-rays, and tomography (tomosynthesis) is performed.

特開２００７−２６７７８８号公報JP 2007-267788 A

Ｃ５０３−００８０Ｅ 「外科用Ｘ線テレビシステム ＯＰＥＳＣＯＰＥ ＰＬＥＮＯ」株式会社島津製作所C503-0080E "Surgery X-ray TV System OPSCOPE PLENO" Shimadzu Corporation

しかしながら、上述のＣアームが半円形でない場合、あるいはＣアームが半円形であっても、図１０（ａ）の側面図に示すように、Ｘ線管１０１やＸ線検出器１０２の取り付け位置が、Ｃアーム１０３から飛び出してずれている場合、図１０（ｂ）の側面図に示すようにＣアーム１０３を９０度回転させても回転中心軸ｘに被検体Ｍを配置することができない。また、手術台などとの組み合わせで使用する場合には、スペース上の関係上、回転自体が困難な場合もある。   However, when the above-mentioned C-arm is not semicircular, or even if the C-arm is semicircular, the attachment positions of the X-ray tube 101 and the X-ray detector 102 are not shown in the side view of FIG. If the C-arm 103 protrudes and is displaced, as shown in the side view of FIG. 10B, the subject M cannot be placed on the rotation center axis x even if the C-arm 103 is rotated 90 degrees. In addition, when used in combination with an operating table or the like, rotation itself may be difficult due to space limitations.

この発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、被検体を回転中心軸に容易に配置することができるＸ線診断装置を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which can arrange | position a subject to a rotation center axis | shaft easily.

この発明は、このような目的を達成するために、次のような構成をとる。
すなわち、この発明に係るＸ線診断装置は、Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出手段からなる映像系を備え、その映像系を回転させて撮影を行うＸ線診断装置であって、前記映像系を回転させる回転中心軸に沿って光を照射する光照射手段を前記回転中心軸に備えることを特徴とするものである。 In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that includes an image system including an X-ray tube and X-ray detection means, and performs imaging by rotating the image system. A light irradiation means for irradiating light along the rotation center axis is provided on the rotation center axis.

［作用・効果］この発明に係るＸ線診断装置によれば、映像系を回転させる回転中心軸に光照射手段を備え、当該回転中心軸に沿って光照射手段から光を照射することで、回転中心軸に備えられた光照射手段から照射された当該回転中心軸に沿った光を確認することができる。したがって、光照射手段から照射された当該回転中心軸に沿った光に基づいて、被検体を映像系に対して当該回転中心軸に相対的に移動させて容易に配置することができる。   [Operation / Effect] According to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, the rotation center axis for rotating the imaging system is provided with the light irradiation means, and light is irradiated from the light irradiation means along the rotation center axis. The light along the rotation center axis irradiated from the light irradiation means provided on the rotation center axis can be confirmed. Therefore, based on the light along the rotation center axis emitted from the light irradiation means, the subject can be easily moved relative to the rotation center axis with respect to the video system.

上述したＸ線診断装置の一例は、一端でＸ線管を保持し、他端でＸ線検出手段を保持し、上述の回転中心軸方向に屈曲状あるいは湾曲状に形成された保持手段を備え、その保持手段を上述の回転中心軸の軸心周りに回転させることで、映像系を当該回転中心軸に回転させる。屈曲状に形成された保持手段としては、例えばコの字形状のアームがあり、湾曲状に形成された保持手段としては、例えばＣ字形状のアーム（Ｃアーム）やＵ字形状のアームがある。また、保持手段が半円形でなかったとしても、あるいは保持手段に保持されたＸ線管やＸ線検出手段の取り付け位置が円軌道から外れていたとしても、光照射手段から照射された当該回転中心軸に沿った光に基づいて、被検体を映像系に対して当該回転中心軸に相対的に移動させて配置することで、当該回転中心軸の軸心周りにＸ線管およびＸ線検出手段からなる映像系を回転させて撮影を行うことができる。   One example of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described above includes an X-ray tube held at one end, an X-ray detection means held at the other end, and a holding means formed in a bent or curved shape in the direction of the rotation center axis. Then, by rotating the holding means around the axis of the rotation center axis, the video system is rotated about the rotation center axis. Examples of the holding means formed in a bent shape include a U-shaped arm, and examples of the holding means formed in a curved shape include a C-shaped arm (C-arm) and a U-shaped arm. . Further, even if the holding means is not semicircular, or even if the attachment position of the X-ray tube or X-ray detection means held by the holding means is out of the circular orbit, the rotation irradiated from the light irradiation means Based on the light along the central axis, the subject is moved relative to the rotation center axis with respect to the video system, so that the X-ray tube and the X-ray detection around the axis of the rotation center axis. It is possible to take a picture by rotating a video system comprising means.

したがって、従来のように、保持手段を９０度回転させて回転中心軸に被検体を配置して、−９０度回転させて０度に戻した後に撮影を行う必要はなく、さらにスペース上の関係上、回転自体が困難な場合であっても、光照射手段から照射された当該回転中心軸に沿った光に基づいて、被検体を映像系に対して当該回転中心軸に相対的に移動させて配置することができる。   Therefore, unlike the conventional case, there is no need to perform imaging after rotating the holding means by 90 degrees, placing the subject on the rotation center axis, rotating by -90 degrees and returning to 0 degrees, and further space relations. In addition, even if rotation itself is difficult, the subject is moved relative to the rotation center axis with respect to the video system based on the light along the rotation center axis irradiated from the light irradiation means. Can be arranged.

また、（回転中心軸方向に屈曲状あるいは湾曲状に形成された）保持手段を、回転中心軸とは別の軸の軸心周りに回転可能に構成してもよい。この場合には、保持手段とともに映像系を回転中心軸の軸心周りに回転させて、さらに保持手段とともに映像系を当該別の軸の軸心周りに回転させることもできる。   Further, the holding means (formed in a bent or curved shape in the direction of the rotation center axis) may be configured to be rotatable around an axis center different from the rotation center axis. In this case, the image system can be rotated around the axis of the rotation center axis together with the holding means, and the image system can be rotated around the axis of the other axis together with the holding means.

この発明に係るＸ線診断装置によれば、映像系を回転させる回転中心軸に光照射手段を備え、当該回転中心軸に沿って光照射手段から光を照射することで、回転中心軸に備えられた光照射手段から照射された当該回転中心軸に沿った光に基づいて、被検体を映像系に対して当該回転中心軸に相対的に移動させて容易に配置することができる。   According to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, the rotation center axis for rotating the imaging system is provided with the light irradiation means, and the light irradiation means irradiates light along the rotation center axis, thereby providing for the rotation center axis. Based on the light along the rotation center axis irradiated from the applied light irradiation means, the subject can be easily arranged relative to the video system relative to the rotation center axis.

実施例に係る外科用Ｘ線診断装置の概略構成を示した正面図である。It is the front view which showed schematic structure of the surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on an Example. （ａ）〜（ｃ）は被検体の配置の説明に供するＣアームおよび映像系の概略図である。(A)-(c) is the schematic of a C arm and an imaging | video system | strain used for description of arrangement | positioning of a subject. 変形例に係るＸ線診断装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on a modification. （ａ）、（ｂ）は変形例に係るＸ線診断装置の概略図である。(A), (b) is the schematic of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線診断装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線診断装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on a modification. （ａ）、（ｂ）は変形例に係るＸ線診断装置の概略図である。(A), (b) is the schematic of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on a modification. （ａ）、（ｂ）は従来のＸ線診断装置の概略図である。(A), (b) is the schematic of the conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus. （ａ）、（ｂ）は従来の被検体の配置の説明に供するＣアームおよび映像系（Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出器）の概略図である。(A), (b) is a schematic diagram of a C-arm and an imaging system (X-ray tube and X-ray detector) for explaining the arrangement of a conventional subject. （ａ）、（ｂ）は映像系（Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出器）の取り付け位置がずれている場合の従来の被検体の配置の説明に供するＣアームおよび映像系（Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出器）の概略図である。(A), (b) is a C-arm and video system (X-ray tube and X-ray) used for explaining the conventional arrangement of the subject when the mounting position of the video system (X-ray tube and X-ray detector) is shifted. It is a schematic diagram of a line detector.

以下、図面を参照してこの発明の実施例を説明する。
図１は、実施例に係る外科用Ｘ線診断装置の概略構成を示した正面図である。本実施例では、Ｘ線診断装置として、Ｃアームごと映像系を自在に移動させる移動式の外科用Ｘ線診断装置を例に採って説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a schematic configuration of a surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment. In this embodiment, as an X-ray diagnostic apparatus, a mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus that freely moves the image system together with the C-arm will be described as an example.

本実施例に係る外科用Ｘ線診断装置は、図１に示すように、被検体Ｍ（図２を参照）を載置する天板１（図２を参照）に対して独立して動くように構成されている。外科用Ｘ線診断装置は、Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３からなる映像系４を備えている。Ｘ線管２は、この発明におけるＸ線管に相当し、Ｘ線検出器３は、この発明におけるＸ線検出手段に相当し、映像系４は、この発明における映像系に相当する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present embodiment moves independently with respect to the top board 1 (see FIG. 2) on which the subject M (see FIG. 2) is placed. It is configured. The surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes an image system 4 including an X-ray tube 2 and an X-ray detector 3. The X-ray tube 2 corresponds to the X-ray tube in the present invention, the X-ray detector 3 corresponds to the X-ray detection means in the present invention, and the video system 4 corresponds to the video system in the present invention.

この他に、外科用Ｘ線診断装置は、一端でＸ線管２を保持し、他端でＸ線検出器３を保持するＣアーム５を備えている。Ｃアーム５は、回転中心軸ｘ方向に湾曲状に形成されている。Ｃアーム５は、Ｃアーム５自身に沿って被検体Ｍ（図２を参照）の体軸ｚの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＡ方向に）回転することで、Ｃアーム５に保持されたＸ線管２およびＸ線検出器３も同方向に回転することが可能である。さらに、Ｃアーム５は体軸ｚと直交する回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＢ方向に）回転することで、Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３も同方向に回転することが可能である。Ｃアーム５は、この発明における保持手段に相当し、回転中心軸ｘは、この発明における回転中心軸に相当し、体軸ｚは、この発明における回転中心軸とは別の軸に相当する。   In addition, the surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes a C-arm 5 that holds the X-ray tube 2 at one end and holds the X-ray detector 3 at the other end. The C arm 5 is formed in a curved shape in the direction of the rotation center axis x. The C arm 5 rotates around the body axis z of the subject M (see FIG. 2) along the C arm 5 itself (in the direction of the arrow RA), so that the X-rays held by the C arm 5 The tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 can also rotate in the same direction. Further, when the C-arm 5 rotates around the axis of the rotation center axis x orthogonal to the body axis z (in the direction of the arrow RB), the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 can also rotate in the same direction. Is possible. The C arm 5 corresponds to the holding means in the present invention, the rotation center axis x corresponds to the rotation center axis in the present invention, and the body axis z corresponds to an axis different from the rotation center axis in the present invention.

具体的に、Ｃアーム５は、キャスター６ａ付きの台車６に保持され、床面に対してＣアーム５ごと映像系４を自在に移動させることができ、任意の場所に設置された天板１（図２を参照）や手術台（図示省略）にまで移動させることができる。また、Ｃアーム５は、支柱７、水平支持部８およびアーム保持部９を介して、上述の台車６に保持されている。支柱７は鉛直方向に上下に昇降移動可能であり、支柱７に保持されたＣアーム５ごと映像系４を昇降移動させることができる。水平支持部８は、回転中心軸ｘ方向に平行な水平方向に進退移動可能であり、水平支持部８に保持されたＣアーム５ごと映像系４を進退移動させることができる。   Specifically, the C-arm 5 is held by a cart 6 with casters 6a, and the video system 4 can be freely moved together with the C-arm 5 with respect to the floor surface, and the top plate 1 installed at an arbitrary place. (See FIG. 2) or an operating table (not shown). Further, the C arm 5 is held by the cart 6 described above via the support column 7, the horizontal support portion 8 and the arm holding portion 9. The support column 7 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction, and the video system 4 can be moved up and down together with the C-arm 5 held by the support column 7. The horizontal support portion 8 can move back and forth in the horizontal direction parallel to the direction of the rotation center axis x, and can move the video system 4 forward and backward along with the C-arm 5 held by the horizontal support portion 8.

また、水平支持部８に対してアーム保持部９を回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに回転可能に保持することで、アーム保持部９に保持されたＣアーム５ごと映像系４を回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに回転させることができる。アーム保持部９に対してＣアーム５を被検体Ｍ（図２を参照）の体軸ｚの軸心周りに保持することで、Ｃアーム５ごと映像系４を体軸ｚの軸心周りに回転させることができる。   In addition, by holding the arm holding portion 9 with respect to the horizontal support portion 8 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the rotation center axis x, the video system 4 can be rotated together with the C arm 5 held by the arm holding portion 9. It can be rotated around the axis of x. By holding the C arm 5 around the body axis z of the subject M (see FIG. 2) with respect to the arm holding unit 9, the image system 4 together with the C arm 5 is placed around the body axis z. Can be rotated.

また、Ｃアーム５には、手動操作用のハンドル１０を設けており、オペレータが手動操作用のハンドル１０を握って、Ｃアーム５ごと映像系４（Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３）を体軸ｚの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＡ方向に）手動で回転させ、Ｃアーム５ごと映像系４（Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３）を回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに（矢印ＲＢ方向に）手動で回転させることができる。また、支柱７を鉛直方向に上下に手動で昇降移動させて、支柱７に保持されたＣアーム５ごと映像系４（Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３）を手動で昇降移動させ、水平支持部８を水平方向に手動で進退移動させて、水平支持部８に保持されたＣアーム５ごと映像系４（Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３）を手動で進退移動させることができる。   Further, the C arm 5 is provided with a handle 10 for manual operation. The operator holds the handle 10 for manual operation, and the C arm 5 and the image system 4 (X-ray tube 2 and X-ray detector 3). Is manually rotated around the body axis z (in the direction of the arrow RA), and the C-arm 5 and the image system 4 (X-ray tube 2 and X-ray detector 3) are moved around the axis of the rotation center axis x ( It can be rotated manually (in the direction of arrow RB). Further, the support column 7 is manually moved up and down in the vertical direction, and the video system 4 (the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3) is manually moved up and down together with the C arm 5 held by the support column 7 so as to be horizontal. The support unit 8 can be manually moved forward and backward in the horizontal direction, and the video system 4 (X-ray tube 2 and X-ray detector 3) can be manually advanced and retracted together with the C-arm 5 held by the horizontal support unit 8. .

ここでは、Ｃアーム５および映像系４（Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３）を手動で回転あるいは移動させる構成について説明したが、モータや駆動軸やピニオン等（いずれも図示省略）を備えて、Ｃアーム５および映像系４を自動で回転あるいは移動させてもよい。また、手動と自動とを両方組み合わせて、手動または自動のいずれかを選択あるいはモータ等により手動をアシスト（支援）するように構成してもよい。同様に、台車６についてもモータ等により自動で移動させて、台車６に保持されたＣアーム５および映像系４を自動で移動させてもよいし、手動と自動とを両方組み合わせて、手動または自動のいずれかを選択あるいはモータ等により手動をアシスト（支援）するように構成してもよい。   Here, the configuration for manually rotating or moving the C-arm 5 and the video system 4 (X-ray tube 2 and X-ray detector 3) has been described, but a motor, a drive shaft, a pinion, etc. (all not shown) are provided. Thus, the C arm 5 and the video system 4 may be automatically rotated or moved. Further, both manual and automatic may be combined, and either manual or automatic may be selected, or manual operation may be assisted (assisted) by a motor or the like. Similarly, the cart 6 may be automatically moved by a motor or the like, and the C-arm 5 and the image system 4 held by the cart 6 may be automatically moved. It may be configured to select either automatic or assist (support) manually by a motor or the like.

さらに、外科用Ｘ線診断装置は、回転中心軸ｘにレーザーマーカー１１を備えている。レーザーマーカー１１は、当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ってレーザー光Ｏを照射するように配設されている。なお、オペレータが光を視認することができるのであれば、レーザー光に限定されず、ハロゲンランプから照射された光や、ＬＥＤから照射された光であってもよいが、レーザー光のように指向性の強い光の方が視認し易いので、指向性の強い光の方がより好ましい。レーザーマーカー１１は、この発明における光照射手段に相当する。   Further, the surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes a laser marker 11 on the rotation center axis x. The laser marker 11 is disposed so as to irradiate the laser beam O along the rotation center axis x. In addition, as long as an operator can visually recognize light, the light is not limited to laser light, and may be light emitted from a halogen lamp or light emitted from an LED, but is directed like laser light. Since highly directional light is easier to visually recognize, highly directional light is more preferable. The laser marker 11 corresponds to the light irradiation means in this invention.

次に、被検体Ｍを配置（セットアップ）して断層撮影を行う場合について、図２を参照して説明する。図２は、被検体の配置の説明に供するＣアームおよび映像系の概略図である。図２では、図１の台車６や支柱７や水平支持部８やアーム保持部９については図示を省略する。   Next, a case where the subject M is arranged (setup) and tomography is performed will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a C-arm and an image system for explaining the arrangement of the subject. In FIG. 2, illustration of the cart 6, the column 7, the horizontal support portion 8, and the arm holding portion 9 of FIG. 1 is omitted.

図２（ａ）に示すように、Ｃアーム５および映像系４を、被検体Ｍを載置した天板１あるいは手術台（図示省略）にまで移動させる。Ｃアーム５の回転角度を０度に微調整して、必要に応じて、Ｘ線管２とＸ線検出器３とを結ぶＸ線の照射軸が被検体Ｍの関心領域に位置するように、Ｃアーム５および映像系４を進退移動あるいは昇降移動させて、おおよその位置にまでセットアップする。   As shown in FIG. 2A, the C arm 5 and the video system 4 are moved to the top plate 1 or the operating table (not shown) on which the subject M is placed. The rotation angle of the C-arm 5 is finely adjusted to 0 degree so that the X-ray irradiation axis connecting the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 is positioned in the region of interest of the subject M as necessary. Then, the C arm 5 and the video system 4 are moved back and forth or moved up and down to set up to an approximate position.

次に、図２（ｂ）に示すように、回転中心軸ｘに沿ってレーザーマーカー１１からレーザー光Ｏを照射する。レーザー光Ｏが被検体Ｍの関心領域を通過するか否かは、レーザー光Ｏを視認することで確認することができる。もし、レーザー光Ｏが被検体Ｍの関心領域から外れている場合には、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて配置する。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the laser beam O is irradiated from the laser marker 11 along the rotation center axis x. Whether the laser light O passes through the region of interest of the subject M can be confirmed by visually observing the laser light O. If the laser beam O is out of the region of interest of the subject M, the subject M is moved relative to the video system 4 relative to the rotation center axis x.

具体的には、図２（ｃ）に示すように、レーザー光Ｏを照射しながら天板１あるいは手術台を昇降移動させることで、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて配置する。あるいは、レーザー光Ｏを照射しながらＣアーム５を昇降移動させて、映像系４を昇降移動させることで、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて配置してもよいし、レーザー光Ｏを照射しながらＣアーム５および天板１あるいは手術台の両方を昇降移動させることで、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて配置してもよい。   Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2C, the subject M is moved to the rotation axis x with respect to the image system 4 by moving the top plate 1 or the operating table up and down while irradiating the laser beam O. Move relative to each other. Alternatively, the C-arm 5 is moved up and down while irradiating the laser beam O, and the image system 4 is moved up and down to move the subject M relative to the image system 4 relative to the rotation center axis x. Alternatively, by moving the C arm 5 and the top board 1 or the operating table up and down while irradiating the laser beam O, the subject M is moved relative to the image system 4 relative to the rotation center axis x. You may move and arrange.

被検体Ｍを配置（セットアップ）した後に、回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りにＸ線管２およびＸ線検出器３を回転させながら、Ｘ線管２から被検体Ｍに向けてＸ線を照射し、Ｘ線検出器３がＸ線を検出して、断層撮影を行う。また、必要に応じて、被検体Ｍの体軸ｚの軸心周りにＸ線管２およびＸ線検出器３を回転させて撮影を行ってもよい。   After the subject M is arranged (set up), the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 are rotated around the axis of the rotation center axis x, and X-rays are irradiated from the X-ray tube 2 toward the subject M. The X-ray detector 3 detects X-rays and performs tomography. Further, if necessary, imaging may be performed by rotating the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 around the axis of the body axis z of the subject M.

本実施例に係る外科用Ｘ線診断装置によれば、映像系４を回転させる回転中心軸ｘにレーザーマーカー１１を備え、当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ってレーザーマーカー１１からレーザー光Ｏを照射することで、回転中心軸ｘに備えられたレーザーマーカー１１から照射された当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ったレーザー光Ｏを確認することができる。したがって、レーザーマーカー１１から照射された当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ったレーザー光Ｏに基づいて、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して当該回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて容易に配置することができる。   According to the surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present embodiment, the laser marker 11 is provided on the rotation center axis x that rotates the imaging system 4, and the laser beam O is emitted from the laser marker 11 along the rotation center axis x. Thereby, the laser beam O along the rotation center axis x irradiated from the laser marker 11 provided on the rotation center axis x can be confirmed. Therefore, based on the laser light O along the rotation center axis x emitted from the laser marker 11, the subject M is easily moved relative to the rotation center axis x with respect to the video system 4. be able to.

本実施例では、一端でＸ線管２を保持し、他端でＸ線検出器３を保持し、上述の回転中心軸ｘ方向に屈曲状あるいは湾曲状に形成された保持手段としてＣアーム５を備えている。その保持手段を上述の回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに回転させることで、映像系４を当該回転中心軸ｘに回転させる。屈曲状に形成された保持手段としては、例えば後述する変形例のようにコの字形状のアームがあり、湾曲状に形成された保持手段としては、例えばＣ字形状のアーム（本実施例のＣアーム５）や後述する変形例のようにＵ字形状のアームがある。また、保持手段（本実施例ではＣアーム５）が半円形でなかったとしても、あるいは保持手段（Ｃアーム５）に保持されたＸ線管２やＸ線検出器３の取り付け位置が円軌道から外れていたとしても、レーザーマーカー１１から照射された当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ったレーザー光Ｏに基づいて、図２（ｃ）に示すように、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して当該回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて配置することで、当該回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りにＸ線管２およびＸ線検出器３からなる映像系４を回転させて撮影を行うことができる。   In this embodiment, the X-ray tube 2 is held at one end, the X-ray detector 3 is held at the other end, and the C-arm 5 is used as a holding means that is bent or curved in the direction of the rotation center axis x. It has. By rotating the holding means around the axis of the rotation center axis x, the video system 4 is rotated about the rotation center axis x. As the holding means formed in a bent shape, for example, there is a U-shaped arm as in a modified example described later, and as the holding means formed in a curved shape, for example, a C-shaped arm (in this embodiment) There is a U-shaped arm as in the C-arm 5) or a modification described later. Even if the holding means (C arm 5 in this embodiment) is not semicircular, the mounting position of the X-ray tube 2 and X-ray detector 3 held by the holding means (C arm 5) is a circular orbit. 2, the subject M is moved with respect to the video system 4 as shown in FIG. 2 (c) based on the laser light O along the rotation center axis x emitted from the laser marker 11. By moving the image system 4 relative to the rotation center axis x, imaging can be performed by rotating the video system 4 including the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 around the axis of the rotation center axis x. it can.

したがって、従来のように、Ｃアームのような保持手段を９０度回転させて回転中心軸に被検体を配置して、−９０度回転させて０度に戻した後に撮影を行う必要はなく、さらにスペース上の関係上、回転自体が困難な場合であっても、レーザーマーカー１１から照射された当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ったレーザー光Ｏに基づいて、被検体Ｍを映像系４に対して当該回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動させて配置することができる。   Therefore, unlike the prior art, it is not necessary to perform imaging after rotating the holding means such as the C arm by 90 degrees, placing the subject on the rotation center axis, rotating by -90 degrees and returning to 0 degrees, Furthermore, even if rotation itself is difficult due to space limitations, the subject M is moved with respect to the image system 4 based on the laser light O along the rotation center axis x emitted from the laser marker 11. It can be arranged by moving relative to the rotation center axis x.

また、本実施例では、回転中心軸ｘに湾曲状に形成されたＣアーム５を、回転中心軸ｘとは別の軸（本実施例では体軸ｚ）の軸心周りに回転可能に構成している。この場合には、Ｃアーム５とともに映像系４を回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに回転させて、さらにＣアーム５とともに映像系４を当該別の軸（体軸ｚ）の軸心周りに回転させることもできる。   In this embodiment, the C-arm 5 formed in a curved shape on the rotation center axis x is configured to be rotatable around an axis center of a different axis (body axis z in this embodiment) from the rotation center axis x. doing. In this case, the video system 4 is rotated around the axis of the rotation center axis x together with the C arm 5, and the video system 4 is rotated around the axis of another axis (body axis z) together with the C arm 5. It can also be made.

この発明は、上記実施形態に限られることはなく、下記のように変形実施することができる。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as follows.

（１）上述した実施例では、断層撮影を行う装置に適用したが、単なる透視撮影を行う装置に適用してもよい。もちろん、断層撮影および透視撮影の両方の撮影が可能な装置に適用してもよい。   (1) In the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied to an apparatus that performs tomography, but may be applied to an apparatus that performs simple fluoroscopic imaging. Of course, the present invention may be applied to an apparatus capable of both tomographic imaging and fluoroscopic imaging.

（２）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように回転中心軸ｘと体軸ｚとは直交したが、図３に示すように、回転中心軸が体軸ｚと一致あるいは回転中心軸が体軸ｚに平行であってもよい。もちろん、図３に示すように、光照射手段（ここではレーザーマーカー１１）を回転中心軸（体軸ｚ）に合わせて配設する。   (2) In the embodiment described above, the rotation center axis x and the body axis z are orthogonal as shown in FIG. 1, but as shown in FIG. 3, the rotation center axis coincides with the body axis z or the rotation center axis is It may be parallel to the body axis z. Of course, as shown in FIG. 3, the light irradiation means (here, the laser marker 11) is arranged in accordance with the rotation center axis (body axis z).

（３）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように回転中心軸ｘは水平軸であったが、図４（ａ）や図４（ｂ）に示すように鉛直軸であってもよいし、斜め方向に延びた軸であってもよい。図４（ａ）に示す保持手段はＵ字形状のアームとなる。もちろん、図４に示すように、光照射手段（ここではレーザーマーカー１１）を回転中心軸ｘに合わせて配設する。   (3) In the embodiment described above, the rotation center axis x is a horizontal axis as shown in FIG. 1, but it may be a vertical axis as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). An axis extending in an oblique direction may be used. The holding means shown in FIG. 4A is a U-shaped arm. Of course, as shown in FIG. 4, the light irradiation means (in this case, the laser marker 11) is arranged in accordance with the rotation center axis x.

（４）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように保持手段（実施例ではＣアーム５）を、回転中心軸ｘとは別の軸（実施例では体軸ｚ）の軸心周りに回転可能に構成したが、保持手段を回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りのみに回転させてもよい。   (4) In the embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the holding means (C arm 5 in the embodiment) is rotated around the axis of another axis (body axis z in the embodiment) different from the rotation center axis x. Although configured to be possible, the holding means may be rotated only around the axis of the rotation center axis x.

（５）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように回転中心軸ｘとは別の軸は体軸ｚであったが、図５に示すように回転中心軸ｘおよび体軸ｚで形成される面（図１では水平面）に直交する軸ｙ（図５では鉛直軸）であって、この軸ｙの軸心周りに保持手段（ここではＣアーム５）を回転させてもよい。また、図１および図５を組み合わせて、各々の軸ｘ、ｙおよびｚの軸心周りに保持手段をそれぞれ回転させてもよい。   (5) In the above-described embodiment, the axis different from the rotation center axis x is the body axis z as shown in FIG. 1, but it is formed by the rotation center axis x and the body axis z as shown in FIG. The holding means (here, the C arm 5) may be rotated about an axis y (vertical axis in FIG. 5) that is perpendicular to the surface (horizontal plane in FIG. 1). 1 and 5 may be combined to rotate the holding means around the axes of the respective axes x, y and z.

（６）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように保持手段はＣアーム５であったが、変形例（３）でも述べたようにＵ字形状のアームであってもよいし、回転中心軸ｘ方向に屈曲状に形成された保持手段として、図６に示すようにコの字形状のアームであってもよい。もちろん、図６に示すように、光照射手段（ここではレーザーマーカー１１）を回転中心軸ｘに合わせて配設する。   (6) In the embodiment described above, the holding means is the C-arm 5 as shown in FIG. 1, but it may be a U-shaped arm as described in the modification (3), and the center of rotation. As the holding means formed to be bent in the direction of the axis x, a U-shaped arm as shown in FIG. 6 may be used. Of course, as shown in FIG. 6, the light irradiation means (in this case, the laser marker 11) is arranged in accordance with the rotation center axis x.

（７）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように保持手段は、回転中心軸ｘ方向に湾曲状に形成されたＣアーム、あるいは変形例（６）でも述べたように回転中心軸ｘ方向に屈曲状に形成されたコの字形状のアームであったが、図７（ａ）の正面図や図７（ｂ）の側面図に示すように、Ｘ線管２およびＸ線検出器３を収納する筐体１２を保持手段として採用してもよい。具体的には、図７（ａ）の正面図に示すように、回転中心軸ｘに光照射手段（ここではレーザーマーカー１１）を備え、当該回転中心軸ｘに沿ってレーザーマーカー１１からレーザー光Ｏを照射して、図７（ｂ）の側面図に示す方向に筐体１２を回転中心軸ｘの軸心周りに回転させて撮影を行ってもよい。図７の構造の場合には被検体を載置する天板あるいは筐体１２の少なくともいずれか一方を上下に昇降移動させるように構成することで、被検体を映像系４に対して回転中心軸ｘに相対的に移動すればよい。   (7) In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the holding means is a C-arm that is formed in a curved shape in the direction of the rotation center axis x, or the rotation center axis x direction as described in the modification (6). However, as shown in the front view of FIG. 7 (a) and the side view of FIG. 7 (b), the X-ray tube 2 and the X-ray detector 3 are bent. You may employ | adopt the housing | casing 12 which accommodates as a holding means. Specifically, as shown in the front view of FIG. 7A, a light irradiation means (here, a laser marker 11) is provided on the rotation center axis x, and laser light is emitted from the laser marker 11 along the rotation center axis x. Imaging may be performed by irradiating O and rotating the casing 12 around the axis of the rotation center axis x in the direction shown in the side view of FIG. In the case of the structure of FIG. 7, at least one of the top plate on which the subject is placed or the housing 12 is moved up and down, so that the subject is rotated around the video system 4. What is necessary is just to move relatively to x.

（８）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように移動式の外科用Ｘ線診断装置であったが、映像系が床面（、天井面あるいは壁面）に対して固定式の透視台システムに適用してもよい。この場合には、映像系の位置と天板の位置とが既知であったとしても、回転中心軸ｘと被検体の関心領域との実際のズレを光により確認することができる。   (8) In the above-described embodiment, the mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus is a mobile surgical X-ray diagnostic apparatus as shown in FIG. 1, but the imaging system is a fixed perspective table system with respect to the floor surface (or ceiling surface or wall surface). You may apply to. In this case, even if the position of the video system and the position of the top plate are known, the actual deviation between the rotation center axis x and the region of interest of the subject can be confirmed by light.

２ … Ｘ線管
３ … Ｘ線検出器
４ … 映像系
５ … Ｃアーム
１１ … レーザーマーカー
ｘ … 回転中心軸
ｚ … 体軸
Ｏ … レーザー光
Ｍ … 被検体 2 ... X-ray tube 3 ... X-ray detector 4 ... Video system 5 ... C-arm 11 ... Laser marker x ... Center axis of rotation z ... Body axis O ... Laser light M ... Subject

Claims (3)

Ｘ線管およびＸ線検出手段からなる映像系を備え、
その映像系を回転させて撮影を行うＸ線診断装置であって、
前記映像系を回転させる回転中心軸に沿って光を照射する光照射手段を前記回転中心軸に備えることを特徴とするＸ線診断装置。 An image system comprising an X-ray tube and X-ray detection means;
An X-ray diagnostic apparatus that performs imaging by rotating the video system,
An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising: a light irradiating means for irradiating light along a rotation center axis for rotating the video system. 請求項１に記載のＸ線診断装置において、
一端で前記Ｘ線管を保持し、他端で前記Ｘ線検出手段を保持し、前記回転中心軸方向に屈曲状あるいは湾曲状に形成された保持手段を備え、
その保持手段を前記回転中心軸の軸心周りに回転させることで、前記映像系を当該回転中心軸に回転させることを特徴とするＸ線診断装置。 The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1,
Holding the X-ray tube at one end, holding the X-ray detection means at the other end, and comprising holding means formed in a bent or curved shape in the direction of the rotation center axis;
An X-ray diagnostic apparatus characterized in that the imaging system is rotated about the rotation center axis by rotating the holding means around the axis of the rotation center axis. 請求項２に記載のＸ線診断装置において、
前記保持手段を、前記回転中心軸とは別の軸の軸心周りに回転可能に構成することを特徴とするＸ線診断装置。 The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2,
An X-ray diagnostic apparatus characterized in that the holding means is configured to be rotatable around an axis center different from the rotation center axis.
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