JP2013037971A - Led lighting device and led lamp - Google Patents

Led lighting device and led lamp Download PDF

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JP2013037971A
JP2013037971A JP2011174578A JP2011174578A JP2013037971A JP 2013037971 A JP2013037971 A JP 2013037971A JP 2011174578 A JP2011174578 A JP 2011174578A JP 2011174578 A JP2011174578 A JP 2011174578A JP 2013037971 A JP2013037971 A JP 2013037971A
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transistor
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resistor
led
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JP5741305B2 (en
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Yoshio Nishizawa
義男 西沢
Tomohiro Shiraki
知広 白木
Yuya Yamazaki
祐哉 山崎
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Iwasaki Denki KK
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low loss and compact LED lighting device that can keep a triac on substantially over an overall phase angle even if a flasher is connected.SOLUTION: The LED lighting device includes: a rectification circuit (31) for rectifying an input power supply to output a rectified pulsating voltage; a first circuit (3A) connected between output terminals of the rectification circuit to have the rectified pulsating voltage applied, and configured to produce a flow of input holding current between the output terminals via an impedance element when the phase angle of the input voltage is in the range of a first phase angle or more and less than a second phase angle from a zero crossing; and a second circuit (3B) connected between the output terminals of the rectification circuit to have the rectified pulsating voltage applied, and configured to operatively feed an LED and cut off the input holding current when the phase angle of the input voltage is in the range of the second phase angle or more from the zero crossing.

Description

本発明は、ＬＥＤ点灯装置及びＬＥＤ電球に関し、特に、電源から点滅器を介して接続される場合にも適切に動作することができるＬＥＤ点灯装置及びＬＥＤ電球に関する。   The present invention relates to an LED lighting device and an LED bulb, and more particularly to an LED lighting device and an LED bulb that can operate properly even when connected from a power source via a flashing device.

近年、図５に示すように、周囲の照度と人が近づいたことを検出して夜間に白熱電球４を点灯させるセンサー付き点滅器２（以下、「点滅器２」という）が普及している。図６は図５の回路の動作を示す図である。図６（ａ）に示す電源電圧の下で、センサー２３の周囲の照度が低く、かつ人が近づいたことをセンサー２３が検出すると、センサー２３は検知信号を出力する。図６（ｂ）に示すように、ゲートトリガ回路２２は、検知信号を受けて電源電圧のゼロクロス直後にゲートトリガ信号を発生し、トライアック２１をほぼ全位相角にてオンさせる。これにより、センサー２３からの検知信号がなくなるまで、又は検知信号が出力されてから所定時間が経過するまで、トライアック２１の導通状態が維持され、図６（ｃ）に示すように、電源１からの電流が白熱電球４に継続して供給され、白熱電球４の点灯状態が維持される。   In recent years, as shown in FIG. 5, a flasher 2 with a sensor (hereinafter referred to as “flasher 2”) that detects that the ambient illuminance has approached a person and turns on the incandescent bulb 4 at night has become widespread. . FIG. 6 shows the operation of the circuit of FIG. When the sensor 23 detects that the illuminance around the sensor 23 is low and a person approaches, under the power supply voltage shown in FIG. 6A, the sensor 23 outputs a detection signal. As shown in FIG. 6B, the gate trigger circuit 22 receives the detection signal, generates a gate trigger signal immediately after the zero crossing of the power supply voltage, and turns on the triac 21 at almost all phase angles. Thereby, until the detection signal from the sensor 23 disappears or until a predetermined time elapses after the detection signal is output, the conduction state of the triac 21 is maintained. As shown in FIG. Is continuously supplied to the incandescent light bulb 4, and the lighting state of the incandescent light bulb 4 is maintained.

ところで、近年白熱電球の代替としてＬＥＤ電球が普及し、点滅器２にＬＥＤ電球が接続されて使用される場合が増えてきている。図７は、点滅器２及び一般的な点灯装置５を示すものである（特許文献１参照）。点灯装置５は、整流回路３１及び電解コンデンサ４２からなるコンデンサインプット型の整流平滑回路、並びにＰＷＭ制御回路３２、ダイオード３３、コイル３４トランジスタ（スイッチング素子）３６、電流検出抵抗３７及びコンデンサ４３からなる降圧チョッパ回路からなる。点滅器２がない場合は、整流平滑回路によって電源１の入力電圧が整流平滑された平滑電圧が降圧チョッパ回路に入力される。降圧チョッパ回路において、電流検出抵抗３７によって検出されたスイッチング素子３６のスイッチング電流が一定となるようにＰＷＭ制御回路３２によってスイッチング素子３６がＰＷＭ制御され、ＬＥＤ３８に供給する電流が所望値に制御される。   By the way, in recent years, LED bulbs have become widespread as an alternative to incandescent bulbs, and the number of cases in which LED bulbs are connected to the flasher 2 is increasing. FIG. 7 shows the blinker 2 and a general lighting device 5 (see Patent Document 1). The lighting device 5 includes a capacitor input type rectifying / smoothing circuit composed of a rectifier circuit 31 and an electrolytic capacitor 42, and a step-down circuit composed of a PWM control circuit 32, a diode 33, a coil 34 transistor (switching element) 36, a current detection resistor 37 and a capacitor 43. It consists of a chopper circuit. When the flasher 2 is not provided, a smoothed voltage obtained by rectifying and smoothing the input voltage of the power source 1 by the rectifying and smoothing circuit is input to the step-down chopper circuit. In the step-down chopper circuit, the switching element 36 is PWM-controlled by the PWM control circuit 32 so that the switching current of the switching element 36 detected by the current detection resistor 37 is constant, and the current supplied to the LED 38 is controlled to a desired value. .

図８は図７の点滅器２及び点灯装置５の動作波形図である。点灯装置５はいわゆるコンデンサインプット型の回路であるため、図８（ａ）に示す電源電圧に対して、入力電流は、図８（ｃ）の点線で示すように電源電圧のピーク近辺（位相角９０°付近）において狭い位相角でのパルス状の波形となる。   FIG. 8 is an operation waveform diagram of the blinker 2 and the lighting device 5 of FIG. Since the lighting device 5 is a so-called capacitor input type circuit, the input current is near the peak of the power supply voltage (phase angle) as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 8C with respect to the power supply voltage shown in FIG. In the vicinity of 90 °, a pulse-like waveform with a narrow phase angle is obtained.

特開２０１０−２８７４３０号公報JP 2010-287430 A

しかし、図７に示すような点灯装置５を、トライアック２を含む点滅器２を用いてオンしようとすると以下のような問題がある。
図６に示す動作と同様に、センサー２３が検知信号を出力すると、図８（ｂ）に示すように、ゲートトリガ回路２２がゲートトリガ信号を電源電圧のゼロクロス直後に発生させる。ここで、トライアック２１が一旦ターンオンしても、図８（ｃ）に示すように、ゲートトリガ信号が出力されるゼロクロス付近の低位相角の期間においては、図８（ｃ）に示すように入力電流が流れないため、トライアック２１には導通維持に必要な電流が流れない。従って、トライアック２１は、ゲートトリガ信号を受けてターンオンしても、コンデンサ４２に充電電流が流れる高い位相角になるまでそのオン状態を保持することができずに、直ぐにオフ状態となる。従って、センサー２３が検知信号を出力しても、点灯装置５は電源１の位相角のほぼ全体にわたって電源１から切り離されることになり、ＬＥＤ３８を点灯させることができなくなってしまう。 However, if the lighting device 5 as shown in FIG. 7 is turned on using the flasher 2 including the triac 2, there is the following problem.
Similar to the operation shown in FIG. 6, when the sensor 23 outputs a detection signal, the gate trigger circuit 22 generates the gate trigger signal immediately after the zero crossing of the power supply voltage, as shown in FIG. 8B. Here, even if the TRIAC 21 is turned on once, as shown in FIG. 8C, in the period of the low phase angle near the zero cross where the gate trigger signal is output, the input is performed as shown in FIG. Since no current flows, the current necessary for maintaining continuity does not flow through the triac 21. Therefore, even if the triac 21 is turned on in response to the gate trigger signal, the triac 21 cannot be kept on until it reaches a high phase angle at which the charging current flows through the capacitor 42, and is immediately turned off. Therefore, even if the sensor 23 outputs a detection signal, the lighting device 5 is disconnected from the power source 1 over almost the entire phase angle of the power source 1, and the LED 38 cannot be lit.

ここで、図９に示すように点灯装置５の入力端子間に抵抗５０１を接続すれば、電源電圧のゼロクロス直後にトライアック２１がターンオンされても、トライアック２１がオン状態を保持できるような電流（図１０（ｄ））を抵抗５０１を介して流すことができる。この場合、例えば電源電圧をＡＣ１００Ｖとして、電源電圧の位相角が５°（約１２Ｖピーク時点）の時にトライアック２１の保持電流として例えば５ｍＡを確保する必要がある場合、抵抗５０１の抵抗値を２．４ｋΩ以下とする必要がある。しかし、電源電圧の全位相角に亘って抵抗５０１にＡＣ１００Ｖの電圧が印加されると、抵抗５０１の消費電力は４Ｗを超えるものとなってしまう。これにより、抵抗５０１からの発熱を放熱させるための構成を追加する必要が生じ、ＬＥＤ電球が大型化し、照明としての効率（照度／入力電力）が低下してしまうという問題がある。   Here, if a resistor 501 is connected between the input terminals of the lighting device 5 as shown in FIG. 9, even if the triac 21 is turned on immediately after the zero crossing of the power supply voltage, a current that can keep the triac 21 on ( FIG. 10D can be passed through the resistor 501. In this case, for example, when the power supply voltage is 100 V AC and the phase angle of the power supply voltage is 5 ° (at about 12 V peak), for example, 5 mA must be secured as the holding current of the triac 21, the resistance value of the resistor 501 is 2. It must be 4 kΩ or less. However, when a voltage of 100 V AC is applied to the resistor 501 over the entire phase angle of the power supply voltage, the power consumption of the resistor 501 exceeds 4 W. Accordingly, it is necessary to add a configuration for dissipating heat generated from the resistor 501, and there is a problem that the LED bulb becomes large and the efficiency (illuminance / input power) as illumination decreases.

そこで、本発明は上記問題を鑑みなされたものであり、電源電圧のゼロクロス直後にトライアックをオンする点滅器が接続された場合でもトライアックをほぼ全位相角にてオン状態とすることができるＬＥＤ点灯装置を、低損失で大型化しない構成で提供することを目的とする。そして、本発明は、上記のような点滅器が使用される環境下においても、白熱電球と代替可能なＬＥＤ電球を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and even when a flasher that turns on the triac is connected immediately after the zero crossing of the power supply voltage, the LED lighting that can turn on the triac at almost all phase angles. An object of the present invention is to provide a device with a low loss and a configuration that does not increase in size. An object of the present invention is to provide an LED light bulb that can replace an incandescent light bulb even in an environment where the blinker as described above is used.

本発明の第１の側面は、ＬＥＤを点灯するＬＥＤ点灯装置であって、入力電源を整流して整流脈流電圧を出力する整流回路（３１）、整流回路の出力端子間に接続されて整流脈流電圧が印加され、入力電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから第１の位相角以上第２の位相角未満の範囲にあるときに出力端子間にインピーダンス素子を介して入力保持用電流が流れるように構成された第１の回路（３Ａ）、及び整流回路の出力端子間に接続されて整流脈流電圧が印加され、入力電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから第２の位相角以上の範囲にあるときに動作し、ＬＥＤに給電するとともに入力保持用電流を遮断するように構成された第２の回路（３Ｂ）を備えたＬＥＤ点灯装置である。   The first aspect of the present invention is an LED lighting device for lighting an LED, which rectifies an input power supply connected between an output terminal of a rectifier circuit (31) that rectifies an input power supply and outputs a rectified pulsating voltage. When the pulsating voltage is applied and the phase angle of the input voltage is in the range from the zero cross to the first phase angle and less than the second phase angle, the input holding current flows between the output terminals via the impedance element. When the rectified pulsating voltage is applied between the first circuit (3A) and the output terminal of the rectifier circuit, and the phase angle of the input voltage is in the range from the zero cross to the second phase angle or more. The LED lighting device includes a second circuit (3B) which is configured to operate and supply power to the LED and cut off the input holding current.

ここで、第１の回路が第１の抵抗と第１のトランジスタの第１の直列回路及び第２の抵抗と第２のトランジスタの第２の直列回路を含み、第１の抵抗が上記インピーダンス素子であり、第１の抵抗の一端と第２の抵抗の一端がともに整流回路の一方の出力端に接続され、第１の抵抗の他端が該第１のトランジスタのコレクタ端子に接続され、第２の抵抗の他端が第２のトランジスタのコレクタ端子に接続され、第１のトランジスタのエミッタ端子と第２のトランジスタのエミッタ端子が整流回路の他方の出力端に接続され、第１のトランジスタのベース端子が第２のトランジスタのコレクタ端子に接続され、第２の回路が、チョークコイルを含む降圧チョッパ回路からなり、チョークコイルを通過する電流に応じた信号が第２のトランジスタのベース端子に入力され、チョークコイルに電流が流れると第２のトランジスタが導通状態となるとともに第１のトランジスタが非導通状態となるように構成される。   Here, the first circuit includes a first resistor and a first series circuit of a first transistor, and a second resistor and a second series circuit of a second transistor, and the first resistor is the impedance element. One end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor are both connected to one output end of the rectifier circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the collector terminal of the first transistor, The other end of the resistor 2 is connected to the collector terminal of the second transistor, the emitter terminal of the first transistor and the emitter terminal of the second transistor are connected to the other output terminal of the rectifier circuit, The base terminal is connected to the collector terminal of the second transistor, the second circuit is a step-down chopper circuit including a choke coil, and a signal corresponding to the current passing through the choke coil is the second transistor. It is input to the base terminal, configured so that the first transistor with a current flows through the choke coil second transistor is turned is turned off.

さらに、チョークコイルが二次巻線を有し、二次巻線に発生する電圧に応じた信号が第２のトランジスタのベース端子に入力され、チョークコイルに電流が流れると第２のトランジスタが導通状態となるように構成することが好ましい。   Further, the choke coil has a secondary winding, and a signal corresponding to the voltage generated in the secondary winding is input to the base terminal of the second transistor, and when the current flows through the choke coil, the second transistor becomes conductive. It is preferable to configure so as to be in a state.

本発明の第２の側面は、ＬＥＤが接続された上記第１の側面のＬＥＤ点灯装置、ＬＥＤ点灯装置を保持するハウジング、及びＬＥＤ点灯装置の整流回路の入力端子に電気的に接続されるとともにハウジングに取り付けられた口金を備えたＬＥＤ電球である。   The second aspect of the present invention is electrically connected to the LED lighting device of the first side to which the LED is connected, a housing that holds the LED lighting device, and an input terminal of a rectifier circuit of the LED lighting device. An LED bulb having a base attached to a housing.

本発明の実施例によるＬＥＤ点灯装置の回路図である。1 is a circuit diagram of an LED lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１のＬＥＤ点灯装置における動作波形図である。It is an operation | movement waveform diagram in the LED lighting device of FIG. 本発明のＬＥＤ電球の概略図である。It is the schematic of the LED bulb of this invention. 本発明の変形例を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the modification of this invention. 従来の白熱球を負荷とした点滅器の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the blinker which used the conventional incandescent bulb as a load. 図５の点滅器における動作波形図である。It is an operation | movement waveform diagram in the blinker of FIG. 従来のＬＥＤ点灯装置の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the conventional LED lighting device. 図７の回路における動作波形図である。It is an operation | movement waveform diagram in the circuit of FIG. 図７のＬＥＤ電球に抵抗を加えた回路図である。It is the circuit diagram which added resistance to the LED bulb of FIG. 図９の回路における動作波形図である。FIG. 10 is an operation waveform diagram in the circuit of FIG. 9.

図１は本発明によるＬＥＤ点灯装置３（以下、「点灯装置３」という）の回路構成図である。点滅器２の構成は図５、７及び９に示したものと同様であり、検知対象物を検知したときに検知信号を発生するセンサー２３、検知信号を受けてゲートトリガ信号を生成するゲートトリガ回路２２、及びゲートトリガ信号を受けて導通するトライアック２１からなる。点灯装置３は整流回路（ダイオードブリッジ）３１、第１の回路３Ａ、第２の回路３Ｂ及びＬＥＤ３８からなる。   FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of an LED lighting device 3 (hereinafter referred to as “lighting device 3”) according to the present invention. The structure of the blinker 2 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 5, 7 and 9, and a sensor 23 that generates a detection signal when a detection target is detected, and a gate trigger that receives the detection signal and generates a gate trigger signal The circuit 22 and the triac 21 that conducts in response to the gate trigger signal. The lighting device 3 includes a rectifier circuit (diode bridge) 31, a first circuit 3 </ b> A, a second circuit 3 </ b> B, and an LED 38.

第１の回路３Ａは、整流回路３１の出力端子間に接続され、整流回路３１によって電源電圧が全波整流された脈流電圧が印加される。第１の回路３Ａは、抵抗３０１とトランジスタ３０２の直列回路及び抵抗３０３とトランジスタ３０４の直列回路を有する。抵抗３０１の一端と抵抗３０３の一端が整流回路３１の高電位側で接続され、第１の回路３Ａでは、抵抗３０１の他端がトランジスタ３０２のコレクタ端子に接続され、抵抗３０３の他端がトランジスタ３０４のコレクタ端子に接続され、トランジスタ３０２のエミッタ端子とトランジスタ３０４のエミッタ端子が整流回路３１の低電位側（グランド側）で接続され、トランジスタ３０２のベース端子がトランジスタ３０４のコレクタ端子に接続される。   The first circuit 3A is connected between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 31, and a pulsating voltage obtained by full-wave rectifying the power supply voltage by the rectifier circuit 31 is applied. The first circuit 3A includes a series circuit of a resistor 301 and a transistor 302 and a series circuit of a resistor 303 and a transistor 304. One end of the resistor 301 and one end of the resistor 303 are connected on the high potential side of the rectifier circuit 31. In the first circuit 3A, the other end of the resistor 301 is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 302, and the other end of the resistor 303 is the transistor. The emitter terminal of the transistor 302 and the emitter terminal of the transistor 304 are connected on the low potential side (ground side) of the rectifier circuit 31, and the base terminal of the transistor 302 is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 304. .

第２の回路３Ｂは、整流回路３１の出力端子間に接続され、整流回路３１によって電源電圧が全波整流された脈流電圧が印加される。第２の回路３Ｂは、ＰＷＭ制御回路３２、ダイオード３３、チョークコイル３４Ａ、平滑コンデンサ３５、トランジスタ（スイッチング素子）３６、及び電流検出抵抗３７からなる降圧チョッパ回路を備える。降圧チョッパ回路に印加される脈流電圧（即ち、整流回路３１の出力電圧）がＬＥＤ３８の順方向電圧を超えると、ＰＷＭ制御回路３２は電流検出抵抗３７に流れる電流が設定値に一致するようにスイッチング素子３６をＰＷＭ制御し、ＬＥＤ３８に流れる電流が略一定に制御される。   The second circuit 3B is connected between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 31, and a pulsating voltage obtained by full-wave rectifying the power supply voltage by the rectifier circuit 31 is applied. The second circuit 3B includes a step-down chopper circuit including a PWM control circuit 32, a diode 33, a choke coil 34A, a smoothing capacitor 35, a transistor (switching element) 36, and a current detection resistor 37. When the pulsating voltage applied to the step-down chopper circuit (that is, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 31) exceeds the forward voltage of the LED 38, the PWM control circuit 32 makes the current flowing through the current detection resistor 37 coincide with the set value. The switching element 36 is PWM-controlled, and the current flowing through the LED 38 is controlled to be substantially constant.

第２の回路３Ｂはさらに、チョークコイル３４Ａの二次巻線に接続されたダイオード３０５、コンデンサ３０６及び抵抗３０７からなる検出回路を備える。チョークコイル３４Ａに電流が流れると、検出回路は、チョークコイル３４Ａの二次巻線に発生する出力を、ダイオード３０５とコンデンサ３０６で整流平滑して抵抗３０７を介して第１の回路３Ａのトランジスタ３０４のベースに入力する。   The second circuit 3B further includes a detection circuit including a diode 305, a capacitor 306, and a resistor 307 connected to the secondary winding of the choke coil 34A. When a current flows through the choke coil 34A, the detection circuit rectifies and smoothes the output generated in the secondary winding of the choke coil 34A by the diode 305 and the capacitor 306, and the transistor 304 of the first circuit 3A through the resistor 307. Enter in the base of.

平滑コンデンサ３５はＬＥＤ３８に流れる電流のリップルを平滑化し、降圧チョッパ回路の停止時においても短い時間であればＬＥＤ３８のオン状態を維持させることができる。なお、ＬＥＤ３８に流れる電流において、電源１の周波数の２倍の周波数のリップル又は消灯期間を許容できる場合には、平滑コンデンサ３５は図示するような電解コンデンサではなくフィルムコンデンサ等の比較的容量の小さいコンデンサであってもよい。   The smoothing capacitor 35 smoothes the ripple of the current flowing through the LED 38 and can keep the LED 38 on for a short time even when the step-down chopper circuit is stopped. When the current flowing through the LED 38 can permit a ripple having a frequency twice the frequency of the power supply 1 or a turn-off period, the smoothing capacitor 35 is not an electrolytic capacitor as shown, but a relatively small capacity such as a film capacitor. A capacitor may be used.

図２を参照して点滅器２及び点灯装置３の動作を説明する。
図２（ａ）は電源１の電源電圧を示す。この電源電圧の下で、図６、８及び１０と同様に、センサー２３の周囲の照度が低く、かつ人が近づいたことをセンサー２３が検出すると、センサー２３は検知信号を出力する。
図２（ｂ）はゲートトリガ回路２２のゲートトリガ信号を示す。センサー２３からの検知信号を受けて、ゲートトリガ回路２２が電源電圧のゼロクロス直後に（位相角５°で）ゲートトリガ信号を発生する。 The operation of the flasher 2 and the lighting device 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2A shows the power supply voltage of the power supply 1. Under this power supply voltage, as in FIGS. 6, 8, and 10, when the sensor 23 detects that the illuminance around the sensor 23 is low and a person approaches, the sensor 23 outputs a detection signal.
FIG. 2B shows a gate trigger signal of the gate trigger circuit 22. In response to the detection signal from the sensor 23, the gate trigger circuit 22 generates a gate trigger signal immediately after the zero crossing of the power supply voltage (at a phase angle of 5 °).

ゲートトリガ信号によってトライアック２１がターンオンされると、電源１から整流回路３１及び抵抗３０３を介してトランジスタ３０２にベース電流が供給され、トランジスタ３０２が導通状態となる。これにより、抵抗３０１が整流回路３１の出力端子間に接続され、抵抗３０１によって電流値が決まる入力保持用電流がトライアック２１に流れる。抵抗３０１の抵抗値は、位相角５°においてトライアック２１が導通保持電流を確保できるように設定される。例えば、ＡＣ１００Ｖ入力の場合に、位相角５°（即ち、電源電圧１２Ｖ）で入力電流が５ｍＡ以上となるように、抵抗３０１には２．４ｋΩ以下の抵抗値が選定される。電源の位相角が増加するのにつれてトライアック２１の電流は図２（ｄ）のように電源電圧の瞬時値に比例して大きくなり、トライアック２１のオン状態が保持される。なお、作図の関係上、図２（ｄ）ではゼロクロスにおいて入力保持電流が連続しているように記載されているが、採用されるトライアックの特性によってゼロクロス付近の保持電流はわずかに途切れる場合もある。   When the triac 21 is turned on by the gate trigger signal, the base current is supplied from the power source 1 to the transistor 302 via the rectifier circuit 31 and the resistor 303, and the transistor 302 is turned on. As a result, the resistor 301 is connected between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 31, and an input holding current whose current value is determined by the resistor 301 flows to the triac 21. The resistance value of the resistor 301 is set so that the triac 21 can secure a conduction holding current at a phase angle of 5 °. For example, in the case of AC 100 V input, a resistance value of 2.4 kΩ or less is selected for the resistor 301 so that the input current becomes 5 mA or more at a phase angle of 5 ° (that is, the power supply voltage 12 V). As the phase angle of the power supply increases, the current of the triac 21 increases in proportion to the instantaneous value of the power supply voltage as shown in FIG. 2D, and the ON state of the triac 21 is maintained. Note that, for the sake of plotting, FIG. 2D shows that the input holding current is continuous at the zero cross, but the holding current near the zero cross may be slightly interrupted depending on the characteristics of the triac employed. .

負荷であるＬＥＤ３８の順方向電圧が、例えば４０Ｖである場合、電源電圧の位相角が２４°以上となり、脈流電圧の瞬時値が４０Ｖとなると、第２の回路の降圧チョッパ回路が動作を開始する。そして、電源電圧の位相角が２４°以上の範囲で降圧チョッパ回路が動作状態となり、第２の回路３Ｂへの入力電流は図２（ｃ）に示すものとなる。   When the forward voltage of the LED 38 as a load is 40 V, for example, the phase angle of the power supply voltage becomes 24 ° or more, and when the instantaneous value of the pulsating voltage becomes 40 V, the step-down chopper circuit of the second circuit starts operating. To do. Then, the step-down chopper circuit enters an operating state when the phase angle of the power supply voltage is 24 ° or more, and the input current to the second circuit 3B is as shown in FIG.

図２（ｅ）に本実施例の点灯装置３への入力電流を示す。図２（ｅ）は図２（ｃ）及び（ｄ）の電流を合成したものである。   FIG. 2E shows the input current to the lighting device 3 of this embodiment. FIG. 2 (e) is a combination of the currents of FIGS. 2 (c) and (d).

ここで、降圧チョッパ回路のチョークコイル３４Ａにも位相角２４°以降はスイッチング電流が流れることにより、その二次巻線にも電圧が発生する。二次巻線の電圧がダイオード３０５とコンデンサ３０６で整流平滑され、抵抗３０７を介してトランジスタ３０４のベースに電流が供給される。即ち、ゼロクロスからの位相角が２４°以上となると、トランジスタ３０４が導通状態となる。すると、トランジスタ３０２のベース電流がなくなり、トランジスタ３０２は非導通状態となり、抵抗３０１の接続は開放される。即ち、位相角２４°となった以降は、抵抗３０１での消費電力がなくなる。そして、トライアック２１には点灯装置３（即ち、第２の回路３Ｂ）への入力電流が流れ続けているため、ターンオフすることはなく、点灯装置３は動作を維持することができる。   Here, since a switching current flows through the choke coil 34A of the step-down chopper circuit after a phase angle of 24 °, a voltage is also generated in the secondary winding. The voltage of the secondary winding is rectified and smoothed by the diode 305 and the capacitor 306, and current is supplied to the base of the transistor 304 via the resistor 307. That is, when the phase angle from the zero cross becomes 24 ° or more, the transistor 304 is turned on. Then, the base current of the transistor 302 disappears, the transistor 302 is turned off, and the connection of the resistor 301 is released. That is, after the phase angle reaches 24 °, power consumption by the resistor 301 is lost. Since the input current to the lighting device 3 (that is, the second circuit 3B) continues to flow through the triac 21, the lighting device 3 can maintain its operation without being turned off.

次に電源の位相角が９０°を超え、点灯装置３（特に、第２の回路３Ｂ）に印加される脈流電圧が低下し始め、電源電圧の瞬時値が４０Ｖを下回る６６°になると（即ち、次のゼロクロスまで２４°未満となると）降圧チョッパ回路が停止し、第２の回路３Ｂには電流が流れなくなる。従って、チョークコイル３４Ａの二次巻線の電圧もなくなり、トランジスタ３０４は非導通状態、トランジスタ３０２は導通状態となり、再度抵抗３０１が整流回路３１の出力端子間に接続され、抵抗３０１を経由する電流がトライアック２１に流れてそのオン状態が保持される。電源電圧がゼロクロスを過ぎると、上記と同様の動作が繰り返される。   Next, when the phase angle of the power supply exceeds 90 °, the pulsating voltage applied to the lighting device 3 (particularly, the second circuit 3B) starts to decrease, and the instantaneous value of the power supply voltage becomes 66 °, which is lower than 40V ( In other words, the step-down chopper circuit stops when the angle reaches less than 24 ° until the next zero cross), and no current flows through the second circuit 3B. Accordingly, the voltage of the secondary winding of the choke coil 34A disappears, the transistor 304 is turned off, the transistor 302 is turned on, the resistor 301 is connected again between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 31, and the current passing through the resistor 301 Flows to the triac 21 and the ON state is maintained. When the power supply voltage passes the zero cross, the same operation as described above is repeated.

ここで、降圧チョッパ回路に電流が流れない期間、即ち、電源電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから２４°未満の範囲で電源電圧の瞬時値が４０Ｖ以下の期間においても、平滑コンデンサ３５の容量が適切に設定されていれば、ＬＥＤ３８に流れる電流の休止期間を発生させることなく、安定した点灯を維持することができる。   Here, the capacity of the smoothing capacitor 35 is adequate even during a period when no current flows through the step-down chopper circuit, that is, during a period when the phase angle of the power supply voltage is less than 24 ° from the zero cross and the instantaneous value of the power supply voltage is 40 V or less. If set, stable lighting can be maintained without generating a pause period for the current flowing through the LED 38.

上記の動作をまとめると、第１の回路は、電源１からの入力電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから第１の位相角（本例では５°）以上第２の位相角（本例では２４°）未満の範囲にあるときに整流回路３１の出力端子間にインピーダンス素子（本例では抵抗３０１）を介して入力保持用電流を流す。そして、第２の回路は、電源１からの入力電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから第２の位相角（本例では２４°）以上の範囲にあるときに動作し、ＬＥＤ３８に給電するとともに上記入力保持用電流を遮断する。なお、電源電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから０°以上２４°未満の範囲にあるときは、電解コンデンサ３５からの放電電流によりＬＥＤ３８の点灯が維持され得る。   Summarizing the above operation, the first circuit is configured such that the phase angle of the input voltage from the power source 1 is greater than or equal to the first phase angle (5 ° in this example) from the zero cross and the second phase angle (24 ° in this example). When the current is within the range, an input holding current flows between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 31 via the impedance element (resistor 301 in this example). The second circuit operates when the phase angle of the input voltage from the power source 1 is in the range from the zero cross to the second phase angle (24 ° in this example) or more, supplies power to the LED 38 and holds the input. Cut off the current. In addition, when the phase angle of the power supply voltage is in the range of 0 ° or more and less than 24 ° from the zero cross, the lighting of the LED 38 can be maintained by the discharge current from the electrolytic capacitor 35.

上記動作を繰り返すことにより、例えば電源電圧がＡＣ１００ＶでＬＥＤ電圧が４０Ｖの条件では、トライアック２１のオン状態を保持する際に抵抗３０１に印加される電圧の実効値は１２Ｖに抑えられる。これにより、従来例と同様に５ｍＡのトライアック導通保持電流を確保しようとした場合でも、２．４ｋΩの抵抗３０１における入力保持用電流による消費電力は０．１Ｗに抑えられる。これは、図９に示す点灯装置５の抵抗５０１での消費電力（４Ｗ超）に比べて格段に小さい。   By repeating the above operation, for example, when the power supply voltage is AC 100V and the LED voltage is 40V, the effective value of the voltage applied to the resistor 301 when the triac 21 is kept on is suppressed to 12V. Thus, even when an attempt is made to secure a 5 mA triac conduction holding current as in the conventional example, the power consumption due to the input holding current in the 2.4 kΩ resistor 301 is suppressed to 0.1 W. This is much smaller than the power consumption (over 4 W) at the resistor 501 of the lighting device 5 shown in FIG.

従って、トライアックを用いた点滅器に対応したＬＥＤ点灯装置を、損失増加による大型化や効率低下を伴うことなく実現することができる。なお、抵抗３０１での消費電力が上記のように非常に小さいことから、抵抗３０１の抵抗値をさらに低くして上記動作をより確実に行うこともできる。   Therefore, the LED lighting device corresponding to the blinker using the triac can be realized without increasing the size and reducing the efficiency due to the increase in loss. Note that since the power consumption of the resistor 301 is very small as described above, the above operation can be performed more reliably by further reducing the resistance value of the resistor 301.

図３に、上記点灯装置を搭載したＬＥＤ電球を示す。本発明のＬＥＤ電球は、ＬＥＤ３８が接続された点灯装置３、点灯装置３を保持するハウジング５０、ハウジング５０に取り付けられたカバー５５、及び点灯装置３に電気的に接続されるとともにハウジング５０に取り付けられた口金６０を備える。口金６０には、整流回路３１の入力端子が配線６１及び６２を介して電気的に接続される。なお、ＬＥＤ電球の仕様に応じてカバー５５はあってもなくてもよい。なお、図面（特に、ハウジング５０の内部に配置される点灯装置３、配線６１及び６２並びにＬＥＤ素子３８）は模式的に示したものであり、配置、形状及び大きさは図示したものに限定されない。   FIG. 3 shows an LED bulb equipped with the lighting device. The LED bulb of the present invention is electrically connected to the lighting device 3 to which the LED 38 is connected, the housing 50 that holds the lighting device 3, the cover 55 that is attached to the housing 50, and the lighting device 3, and is attached to the housing 50. The base 60 is provided. An input terminal of the rectifier circuit 31 is electrically connected to the base 60 via wirings 61 and 62. The cover 55 may or may not be provided depending on the specifications of the LED bulb. The drawings (particularly, the lighting device 3, the wirings 61 and 62, and the LED element 38 disposed inside the housing 50) are schematically illustrated, and the arrangement, shape, and size are not limited to those illustrated. .

上記構成により、点滅器２に対応可能であり、かつ低損失で小型なＬＥＤ電球を実現できる。従って、従来からある点滅器２が使用される環境において、白熱電球と代替可能なＬＥＤ電球を提供することができる。   With the above configuration, it is possible to realize a small-sized LED bulb that is compatible with the blinker 2 and has low loss. Therefore, it is possible to provide an LED bulb that can replace the incandescent bulb in an environment where the conventional flasher 2 is used.

なお、上記に本発明の最も好適な例を示したが、本発明は、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、例えば以下のように変形可能である。
図１の実施例では、第２の回路として非絶縁型の降圧チョッパ回路（第２の回路３Ｂ）を用いたが、例えば、図４に示すように絶縁型のチョッパ回路（第２の回路３Ｂ´）とすることもできる。この場合も、トランス３９に三次巻線を設け、三次巻線に図１と同様の検出回路（ダイオード３０５、コンデンサ３０６及び抵抗３０７）を接続して、第１の回路３Ａのトランジスタ３０４を制御するようにすればよい。また、トランス３９の二次巻線にカレントトランスを直列接続してカレントトランスの二次巻線に上記検出回路を接続してもよい。 In addition, although the most suitable example of this invention was shown above, this invention can be deform | transformed as follows, for example in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a non-insulated step-down chopper circuit (second circuit 3B) is used as the second circuit. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, an insulating chopper circuit (second circuit 3B) is used. ′). Also in this case, a tertiary winding is provided in the transformer 39, and a detection circuit (a diode 305, a capacitor 306, and a resistor 307) similar to that in FIG. 1 is connected to the tertiary winding to control the transistor 304 of the first circuit 3A. What should I do? Further, a current transformer may be connected in series to the secondary winding of the transformer 39, and the detection circuit may be connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer.

図１の実施例では、検出回路の入力部をチョークコイル３４Ａの二次巻線としたが、点ａ→ｂ→ｃ→ｄの経路中のいずれかの箇所、又はスイッチング素子３６に直列にカレントトランスの一次巻線を挿入し、カレントトランスの二次巻線に図１と同様の検出回路を接続してもよい。即ち、検出回路は、スイッチング素子３６がＯＦＦの期間にチョークコイル３４Ａに流れる電流（ダイオード３３に流れる電流）を検出するようにしてもよいし、スイッチング素子３６がＯＮの期間にチョークコイル３４Ａに流れる電流（スイッチング素子３６に流れる電流）を検出するようにしてもよいし、スイッチング素子３６のＯＮ−ＯＦＦ全期間にわたってチョークコイル３４Ａに流れる電流を検出するようにしてもよく、これらは全て「チョークコイルを通過する電流」といえる。スイッチング素子３６のＯＮ−ＯＦＦ全期間にわたってチョークコイル３４Ａに流れる電流を検出する場合、コンデンサ３０６の容量を他の場合に比べて小さくできる。   In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the input part of the detection circuit is the secondary winding of the choke coil 34 </ b> A, but the current is serially connected to the switching element 36 at any point in the path of point a → b → c → d. A primary winding of the transformer may be inserted, and a detection circuit similar to that shown in FIG. 1 may be connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer. That is, the detection circuit may detect the current flowing through the choke coil 34A (the current flowing through the diode 33) when the switching element 36 is OFF, or it flows through the choke coil 34A when the switching element 36 is ON. The current (current flowing through the switching element 36) may be detected, or the current flowing through the choke coil 34A may be detected over the entire ON-OFF period of the switching element 36. It can be said that the current passes through. When detecting the current flowing through the choke coil 34A over the entire ON-OFF period of the switching element 36, the capacitance of the capacitor 306 can be made smaller than in other cases.

図１の実施例では、入力保持用電流を流すためのインピーダンス素子として抵抗３０１を接続したが、他のインピーダンス素子を用いることもできる。例えば、抵抗３０１の代わりにコンデンサを接続し、入力保持用電流の継続が必要な短期間だけ、整流回路３１の出力端子間に当該コンデンサの充電電流が流れるようにしてもよい。但し、インピーダンス素子をコンデンサとする場合は、第２の回路が動作するときにコンデンサの電荷を放電するための放電回路（例えば、コンデンサに並列接続された抵抗）を設ける必要がある。   In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the resistor 301 is connected as an impedance element for supplying an input holding current, but other impedance elements may be used. For example, a capacitor may be connected instead of the resistor 301 so that the charging current of the capacitor flows between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 31 only for a short period in which the input holding current needs to be continued. However, when the impedance element is a capacitor, it is necessary to provide a discharge circuit (for example, a resistor connected in parallel to the capacitor) for discharging the charge of the capacitor when the second circuit operates.

図１の実施例では、第１の回路としてｎｐｎトランジスタ３０２及び３０４を用いて構成したが、ｐｎｐトランジスタを用いて構成することもできる。その場合も、抵抗３０１の一端と抵抗３０３の一端をグランド側に接続し、抵抗３０１の他端をトランジスタ３０２のコレクタ端子に接続し、抵抗３０３の他端をトランジスタ３０４のコレクタ端子に接続し、トランジスタ３０２のエミッタ端子とトランジスタ３０４のエミッタ端子を整流回路３１の高電位側に接続して、トランジスタ３０２のベース端子をトランジスタ３０４のコレクタ端子に接続すればよい。また、この場合、検出回路をグランド側でなく高電位側に接続する必要がある。   In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the npn transistors 302 and 304 are used as the first circuit, but a pnp transistor can also be used. In this case, one end of the resistor 301 and one end of the resistor 303 are connected to the ground side, the other end of the resistor 301 is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 302, and the other end of the resistor 303 is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 304. The emitter terminal of the transistor 302 and the emitter terminal of the transistor 304 may be connected to the high potential side of the rectifier circuit 31, and the base terminal of the transistor 302 may be connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 304. In this case, it is necessary to connect the detection circuit to the high potential side instead of the ground side.

図１の実施例では、抵抗３０１、トランジスタ３０２、抵抗３０３及びトランジスタ３０４が第１の回路３Ａに含まれ、ダイオード３０５、コンデンサ３０６及び抵抗３０７が第２の回路３Ｂに含まれる構成を示したが、この区分けは便宜的なものであり、第１の回路３Ａが抵抗３０１、トランジスタ３０２及び抵抗３０を含みさえすれば、トランジスタ３０４、ダイオード３０５、コンデンサ３０６及び抵抗３０７は第１の回路３Ａに含まれても第２の回路３Ｂに含まれてもよい。   In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the resistor 301, the transistor 302, the resistor 303, and the transistor 304 are included in the first circuit 3A, and the diode 305, the capacitor 306, and the resistor 307 are included in the second circuit 3B. This division is convenient. As long as the first circuit 3A includes the resistor 301, the transistor 302, and the resistor 30, the transistor 304, the diode 305, the capacitor 306, and the resistor 307 are included in the first circuit 3A. Alternatively, it may be included in the second circuit 3B.

３：ＬＥＤ点灯装置（点灯装置）
３Ａ：第１の回路
３Ｂ、３Ｂ´：第２の回路
３１：整流回路
３２：ＰＷＭ制御回路
３３、４０：ダイオード
３４Ａ：チョークコイル
３５、４１：コンデンサ
３６：スイッチング素子
３７：電流検出抵抗
３８：ＬＥＤ
３９：トランス
５０：ハウジング
５５：カバー
６０：口金
６１、６２：配線
３０１、３０３、３０７：抵抗
３０２、３０４：トランジスタ
３０５：ダイオード
３０６：コンデンサ 3: LED lighting device (lighting device)
3A: 1st circuit 3B, 3B ': 2nd circuit 31: Rectifier circuit 32: PWM control circuit 33, 40: Diode 34A: Choke coil 35, 41: Capacitor 36: Switching element 37: Current detection resistor 38: LED
39: Transformer 50: Housing 55: Cover 60: Base 61, 62: Wiring 301, 303, 307: Resistance 302, 304: Transistor 305: Diode 306: Capacitor

Claims (4)

ＬＥＤを点灯するＬＥＤ点灯装置であって、
入力電源を整流して整流脈流電圧を出力する整流回路、
前記整流回路の出力端子間に接続されて前記整流脈流電圧が印加され、前記入力電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから第１の位相角以上第２の位相角未満の範囲にあるときに、該出力端子間にインピーダンス素子を介して入力保持用電流が流れるように構成された第１の回路、及び
前記整流回路の出力端子間に接続されて前記整流脈流電圧が印加され、前記入力電圧の位相角がゼロクロスから前記第２の位相角以上の範囲にあるときに動作して、前記ＬＥＤに給電するとともに前記入力保持用電流を遮断するように構成された第２の回路
を備えたＬＥＤ点灯装置。 An LED lighting device for lighting an LED,
A rectifier circuit that rectifies the input power and outputs a rectified pulsating voltage;
When the rectified pulsating voltage is applied between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit and the phase angle of the input voltage is in the range from the zero cross to the first phase angle and less than the second phase angle, the output A first circuit configured such that an input holding current flows between terminals via an impedance element; and the rectified pulsating voltage is applied between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit, and the phase of the input voltage An LED lighting device comprising a second circuit configured to operate when an angle is in a range equal to or greater than the second phase angle from a zero cross to supply power to the LED and cut off the input holding current . 請求項１に記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置において、
前記第１の回路が第１の抵抗と第１のトランジスタの第１の直列回路及び第２の抵抗と第２のトランジスタの第２の直列回路を含み、該第１の抵抗が前記インピーダンス素子であり、該第１の抵抗の一端と該第２の抵抗の一端が前記整流回路の一方の出力端に接続され、該第１の抵抗の他端が該第１のトランジスタのコレクタ端子に接続され、該第２の抵抗の他端が該第２のトランジスタのコレクタ端子に接続され、該第１のトランジスタのエミッタ端子と該第２のトランジスタのエミッタ端子が該整流回路の他方の出力端に接続され、該第１のトランジスタのベース端子が該第２のトランジスタのコレクタ端子に接続され、
前記第２の回路が、チョークコイルを含む降圧チョッパ回路からなり、該チョークコイルを通過する電流に応じた信号が前記第２のトランジスタのベース端子に入力され、該チョークコイルに電流が流れると前記第２のトランジスタが導通状態となるとともに前記第１のトランジスタが非導通状態となるように構成されたＬＥＤ点灯装置。 The LED lighting device according to claim 1,
The first circuit includes a first resistor and a first series circuit of a first transistor and a second resistor and a second series circuit of a second transistor, and the first resistor is the impedance element. One end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor are connected to one output end of the rectifier circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the collector terminal of the first transistor. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the collector terminal of the second transistor, and the emitter terminal of the first transistor and the emitter terminal of the second transistor are connected to the other output terminal of the rectifier circuit. The base terminal of the first transistor is connected to the collector terminal of the second transistor;
The second circuit comprises a step-down chopper circuit including a choke coil, and a signal corresponding to the current passing through the choke coil is input to the base terminal of the second transistor, and when a current flows through the choke coil, An LED lighting device configured such that the second transistor is turned on and the first transistor is turned off. 請求項２に記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置において、前記チョークコイルが二次巻線を有し、該二次巻線に発生する電圧に応じた信号が前記第２のトランジスタのベース端子に入力され、該チョークコイルに電流が流れると前記第２のトランジスタが導通状態となるように構成されたＬＥＤ点灯装置。   The LED lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the choke coil has a secondary winding, and a signal corresponding to a voltage generated in the secondary winding is input to a base terminal of the second transistor, An LED lighting device configured such that when a current flows through a choke coil, the second transistor is turned on. 前記ＬＥＤが接続された、請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置、該ＬＥＤ点灯装置を保持するハウジング、及び該ＬＥＤ点灯装置の前記整流回路の入力端子に電気的に接続されるとともに該ハウジングに取り付けられた口金を備えたＬＥＤ電球。   The LED lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the LED is connected, a housing that holds the LED lighting device, and an input terminal of the rectifier circuit of the LED lighting device are electrically connected. And an LED bulb having a base attached to the housing.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011003467A (en) * 2009-06-19 2011-01-06 Minebea Co Ltd Lighting system
JP2011108018A (en) * 2009-11-18 2011-06-02 Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd Constant current power supply device
JP2011134672A (en) * 2009-12-25 2011-07-07 Sharp Corp Led drive circuit, phase control type dimmer, led lighting lamp, led lighting equipment, and led lighting system
JP2011146263A (en) * 2010-01-14 2011-07-28 Jimbo Electric Co Ltd Light-emitting diode illumination device and light-emitting diode illumination system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011003467A (en) * 2009-06-19 2011-01-06 Minebea Co Ltd Lighting system
JP2011108018A (en) * 2009-11-18 2011-06-02 Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd Constant current power supply device
JP2011134672A (en) * 2009-12-25 2011-07-07 Sharp Corp Led drive circuit, phase control type dimmer, led lighting lamp, led lighting equipment, and led lighting system
JP2011146263A (en) * 2010-01-14 2011-07-28 Jimbo Electric Co Ltd Light-emitting diode illumination device and light-emitting diode illumination system

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