JP2013017492A - Method of discharging used dialysate in multiple-patient dialyzer - Google Patents

Method of discharging used dialysate in multiple-patient dialyzer Download PDF

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JP2013017492A
JP2013017492A JP2011147878A JP2011147878A JP2013017492A JP 2013017492 A JP2013017492 A JP 2013017492A JP 2011147878 A JP2011147878 A JP 2011147878A JP 2011147878 A JP2011147878 A JP 2011147878A JP 2013017492 A JP2013017492 A JP 2013017492A
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raw water
heat exchange
dialysate
used dialysate
water
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JP5838620B2 (en
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Tadayuki Kawasaki
忠行 川崎
Mitsutaka Ueda
満隆 上田
Etsutaka Yamashita
悦孝 山下
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Nipro Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of efficiently warming raw water to be used for preparing dialysate by heat exchange by utilizing a temperature difference between the raw water and used dialysate when discharging the used dialysate in a multiple-patient dialyzer.SOLUTION: The used dialysate discharged from each console is collected to one pipe provided with a heat exchanger; the raw water is warmed by the heat exchange by utilizing the temperature difference between the used dialysate and the raw water, and then the used dialysate used in the heat exchange is discharged. Further, RO waste water is supplied to the heat exchanger, the raw water is warmed by the heat exchange utilizing the temperature difference between the RO waste water and the raw water, and then the RO waste water used in the heat exchange is discharged.

Description

本発明は、多人数用透析装置における使用済透析液の排出方法に関し、より詳しくは、使用済透析液と水処理前の水道水等(以下原水という)との温度差を利用した熱交換を行った後に、使用済透析液を排出する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for discharging used dialysate in a multi-person dialysis machine, and more specifically, heat exchange using a temperature difference between used dialysate and tap water before water treatment (hereinafter referred to as raw water). It is related with the method of discharging | emitting used dialysate after performing.

従来、腎不全の患者や、術後の薬液注入によって水分過多症になった患者などの重篤な状態を改善するために、血液透析装置を使用する血液透析や血液濾過が行われている。
たとえば特許文献1に記載されているような、多人数用透析装置は、RO膜で水処理された水道水(RO水)などを用いて調製された透析液をヒーターなどで30℃程度に加温してコンソールに送り、血液透析治療を行う装置であるが、多人数用透析装置においては、従来、熱交換器(小型)はコンソール毎に設けられており、使用済透析液で水道水を温める操作は、個々のコンソールに設けられた小型の熱交換器で行っていた。
Conventionally, hemodialysis and blood filtration using a hemodialysis apparatus have been performed in order to improve a serious condition such as a patient with renal failure or a patient with hyperhydration due to postoperative drug injection.
For example, a multi-person dialysis apparatus as described in Patent Document 1 is applied to a dialysate prepared using tap water (RO water) treated with an RO membrane at about 30 ° C. with a heater or the like. This is a device that heats and sends it to the console to perform hemodialysis treatment. However, in a multi-person dialysis device, a heat exchanger (small) is conventionally provided for each console, and tap water is used with the used dialysate The warming operation was performed with a small heat exchanger provided in each console.

特開2003−310749号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-310749

従って、熱効率が悪く、また、小型とはいえ個々のコンソールに熱交換器を備えることから、コスト的にも不利なものであった。 Therefore, the heat efficiency is poor, and the heat exchanger is provided in each console although it is small in size, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

本発明は、多人数用透析装置において、使用済透析液の排出に際し、原水と使用済透析液の温度差を利用して、熱交換により原水を効率的に温める方法を提供することを目的とする。また、原水が冷たい冬期などの場合、さらにRO水と原水の温度差を利用して、熱交換により原水を効率的に温める方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently warming raw water by heat exchange using a temperature difference between the raw water and the used dialysate when discharging the used dialysate in a multi-person dialysis machine. To do. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently warming raw water by heat exchange by utilizing the temperature difference between RO water and raw water in winter when the raw water is cold.

本発明の多人数用透析装置における使用済透析液の排出方法は、各コンソールから排出された使用済透析液を、熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、使用済透析液と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により原水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用された使用済透析液を排出する。この場合、さらにRO排水を熱交換器に供給し、前記RO排水と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出するようにしてもよい。また、多人数用透析装置における使用済透析液の排出に際し、各コンソールから排出された前記使用済透析液を、第1の熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、前記使用済透析液とRO水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記RO水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用された使用済透析液を排出するとともに、さらにRO排水を第2の熱交換器に供給し、原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出する様にしてもよい。   The method of discharging the used dialysate in the multi-person dialysis apparatus of the present invention collects the used dialysate discharged from each console into one pipe equipped with a heat exchanger, and combines the used dialysate with the raw water. After warming the raw water by heat exchange using the temperature difference, the used dialysate used for this heat exchange is discharged. In this case, the RO wastewater is further supplied to the heat exchanger, the temperature difference between the RO wastewater and the raw water is used to warm the raw water by heat exchange, and then the RO wastewater used for the heat exchange is discharged. You may do it. Further, when discharging the used dialysate in the multi-person dialysis machine, the used dialysate discharged from each console is collected in one pipe provided with a first heat exchanger, and the used dialysate and After heating the RO water by heat exchange using the temperature difference with the RO water, the used dialysate used for this heat exchange is discharged and the RO waste water is further supplied to the second heat exchanger. Then, using the temperature difference with the raw water, the raw water may be warmed by heat exchange, and then the RO wastewater used for the heat exchange may be discharged.

以上、一般的に本発明を記述したが、より一層の理解は、いくつかの特定の実施例を参照することによって得ることができる。これらの実施例は、本明細書に例示の目的のためにのみ提供されるものであり、他の旨が特定されない限り、限定的なものではない。 Although the present invention has been generally described above, a better understanding can be obtained by reference to certain specific embodiments. These examples are provided herein for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting unless otherwise specified.

本発明によれば、以下のような効果が期待できる。すなわち、各コンソールから排出された使用済透析液を、熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、使用済透析液と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により原水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用された使用済透析液を排出するので、原水を水処理して得られるRO水などを用いて調製される透析液の加温が少なくて済み、熱効率のよい透析治療が可能になる。冬期など原水の温度が低いときには、さらにRO排水を熱交換器に供給し、前記RO排水と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、該熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出するようにすれば、熱効率はさらに向上する。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be expected. That is, spent dialysate discharged from each console is collected in one pipe equipped with a heat exchanger, and after using the temperature difference between the used dialysate and raw water to heat the raw water by heat exchange, Since the used dialysate used for this heat exchange is discharged, the dialysate prepared using RO water obtained by treating the raw water with water can be heated less, enabling highly efficient dialysis treatment. become. When the temperature of raw water is low, such as in winter, RO wastewater is supplied to a heat exchanger, and the raw water is heated by heat exchange using the temperature difference between the RO wastewater and raw water, and then used for the heat exchange. If the RO wastewater is discharged, the thermal efficiency is further improved.

実施例1の排水方法を採用した多人数用透析装置を示す概略図である。1 is a schematic view showing a multi-person dialysis apparatus that employs the drainage method of Example 1. FIG. 実施例2の排水方法を採用した多人数用透析装置を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the dialysis apparatus for many people which employ | adopted the drainage method of Example 2. 実施例3の排水方法を採用した多人数用透析装置を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the dialysis apparatus for many people which employ | adopted the drainage method of Example 3.

1 水処理装置(ROタンク)
2 多人数用透析液供給装置
31、32、33、34 コンソール
4 熱交換器
5 配管
6 配管
1 Water treatment equipment (RO tank)
2 Multi-person dialysate supply device 31, 32, 33, 34 Console 4 Heat exchanger 5 Piping 6 Piping

各コンソールから排出された使用済透析液を、熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、使用済透析液と原水との温度差を利用した熱交換により原水を温めた後、この熱交換後の使用済透析液を排出するとともに、RO排水を熱交換器に供給し、前記RO排水と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、該熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出する。   The used dialysate discharged from each console is collected in a single pipe equipped with a heat exchanger, and the raw water is heated by heat exchange using the temperature difference between the used dialysate and the raw water. In addition to discharging the used dialysate, the RO drainage is supplied to a heat exchanger, and the raw water is heated by heat exchange using the temperature difference between the RO drainage and the raw water, and then used for the heat exchange. Drain RO wastewater.

(実施例1)
次に、本発明の実施例1について説明する。
図1は実施例1の排水方法を採用した多人数用透析装置を示す概略図である。
水処理される前の原水は、季節によって異なるが通常5〜25℃の水温を有している。一方、多人数用透析装置に供給される透析液の温度はヒーターで加温されて30℃前後になっており、透析治療により33〜35℃になる。また、ROタンクで製造されるRO水は25℃前後に加温されたRO原水の約56%で、従来約44%のRO排水は無駄に廃棄されていた。
水処理装置(ROタンク)1に供給された原水(25%前後に加温されている)は、ここで例えばRO水に処理され、次いで多人数用透析液供給装置2に供給され、ここで透析液の調製に使用される。調製された透析液は30℃前後に加熱され多人数用透析装置(コンソール)31、32、33、34に供給され、透析治療に使用される。そして、使用済透析液は、熱交換器4を備えた一つの配管5に集められて熱交換器4に供給され、使用済透析液とこの熱交換器4に供給された原水との温度差を利用して、原水を温めた後、排水される。一方、熱交換器4で暖められた原水はROタンク1に供給される。これにより、熱効率を20〜30%向上させることができる。
Example 1
Next, Example 1 of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a multi-person dialysis apparatus adopting the drainage method of Example 1. FIG.
The raw water before being treated with water usually has a water temperature of 5 to 25 ° C., although it varies depending on the season. On the other hand, the temperature of the dialysate supplied to the multi-person dialysis machine is heated to about 30 ° C. by a heater, and becomes 33 to 35 ° C. by dialysis treatment. The RO water produced in the RO tank is about 56% of RO raw water heated to around 25 ° C., and about 44% of RO wastewater has been wasted in the past.
The raw water (heated to about 25%) supplied to the water treatment device (RO tank) 1 is treated here with, for example, RO water, and then supplied to the multi-person dialysate supply device 2, where Used to prepare dialysate. The prepared dialysate is heated to around 30 ° C. and supplied to a multi-person dialyzer (console) 31, 32, 33, 34 for use in dialysis treatment. The used dialysate is collected in one pipe 5 provided with the heat exchanger 4 and supplied to the heat exchanger 4, and the temperature difference between the used dialysate and the raw water supplied to the heat exchanger 4. The water is drained after warming the raw water. On the other hand, the raw water heated by the heat exchanger 4 is supplied to the RO tank 1. Thereby, thermal efficiency can be improved by 20 to 30%.

(実施例2)
図2は、実施例1の排水方法を採用した多人数用透析装置を示す概略図である。
実施例1では、使用済透析液により原水を加温する様になっているが、この装置では、さらにRO排水により原水を加温する様になっている。従って、使用済透析液による原水の加温については説明を省略する。
ROタンク1に供給された原水(略25℃に加温されている)はここで処理され、約56%がRO水として多人数用透析液供給装置に供給される。一方、残りの約44%はRO排水として配管6を通って、熱交換器4に供給され、RO排水とこの熱交換器4に供給された原水との温度差を利用して、原水を温めた後、排水される。一方、熱交換器4で暖められた原水はROタンク1に供給される。これにより、熱効率をさらに向上させることができる。
(Example 2)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a multi-person dialysis apparatus that employs the drainage method of the first embodiment.
In Example 1, the raw water is heated by the used dialysate, but in this apparatus, the raw water is further heated by the RO drainage. Therefore, description of heating of the raw water with the used dialysate is omitted.
The raw water (heated to about 25 ° C.) supplied to the RO tank 1 is processed here, and about 56% is supplied as RO water to a multi-person dialysate supply device. On the other hand, the remaining 44% is supplied to the heat exchanger 4 through the pipe 6 as RO wastewater, and the raw water is warmed using the temperature difference between the RO wastewater and the raw water supplied to the heat exchanger 4. After that, it is drained. On the other hand, the raw water heated by the heat exchanger 4 is supplied to the RO tank 1. Thereby, thermal efficiency can further be improved.

(実施例3)
図3は、実施例3の排水方法を採用した多人数用透析装置を示す概略図である。
実施例1では、使用済透析液により原水を加温する様になっており、実施例2では、さらにRO排水により原水を加温する様になっているが、この装置では、この装置では、各コンソールから排出された前記使用済透析液を、第1の熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、前記使用済透析液とRO水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記RO水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用された使用済透析液を排出するとともに、さらにRO排水を第2の熱交換器に供給し、原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、この熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出する様になっている。
ROタンク1に供給された原水(略25℃に加温されている)はここで処理され、約56%がRO水として第1の熱交換器41に供給され、この熱交換器41に供給された使用済透析液との温度差を利用して温められ、多人数用透析液供給装置に供給される。一方、残りの約44%はRO排水として配管6を通って、第2の熱交換器42に供給され、原水との温度差を利用して温められ、排水される。一方、熱交換器4で暖められた原水は加温室(図示していない)に供給され、ここで略25℃に加温されてROタンク1に供給される。
(Example 3)
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a multi-person dialysis apparatus adopting the drainage method of Example 3.
In Example 1, the raw water is heated by the used dialysate, and in Example 2, the raw water is further heated by the RO drainage. The used dialysate discharged from each console is collected in one pipe provided with a first heat exchanger, and the RO is exchanged by heat exchange using the temperature difference between the used dialysate and RO water. After warming the water, the used dialysate used for this heat exchange is discharged, and further, RO wastewater is supplied to the second heat exchanger, and the temperature difference with the raw water is utilized to exchange the heat by the heat exchange. After warming the raw water, the RO wastewater used for this heat exchange is discharged.
The raw water supplied to the RO tank 1 (heated to about 25 ° C.) is processed here, and about 56% is supplied to the first heat exchanger 41 as RO water and supplied to the heat exchanger 41. It is warmed using the temperature difference from the used dialysate and supplied to a multi-person dialysate supply device. On the other hand, the remaining 44% is supplied as RO drainage to the second heat exchanger 42 through the pipe 6, warmed using the temperature difference from the raw water and drained. On the other hand, the raw water heated by the heat exchanger 4 is supplied to a heating chamber (not shown), where it is heated to about 25 ° C. and supplied to the RO tank 1.

Claims (3)

多人数用透析装置における使用済透析液の排出に際し、各コンソールから排出された前記使用済透析液を、熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、前記使用済透析液と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、該熱交換に使用された使用済透析液を排出することを特徴とする、使用済透析液の排出方法。 When the used dialysate is discharged from a multi-person dialysis machine, the used dialysate discharged from each console is collected in one pipe provided with a heat exchanger, and the temperature difference between the used dialysate and the raw water is collected. A method for discharging a used dialysate, wherein the raw water is heated by heat exchange and then the used dialysate used for the heat exchange is discharged. さらにRO排水を熱交換器に供給し、前記RO排水と原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、該熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の排出方法。 Further, the RO drainage is supplied to a heat exchanger, the temperature difference between the RO drainage and the raw water is used to warm the raw water by heat exchange, and then the RO drainage used for the heat exchange is discharged. The discharging method according to claim 1. 多人数用透析装置における使用済透析液の排出に際し、各コンソールから排出された前記使用済透析液を、第1の熱交換器を備えた一つの配管に集め、前記使用済透析液とRO水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記RO水を温めた後、該熱交換に使用された使用済透析液を排出するとともに、さらにRO排水を第2の熱交換器に供給し、原水との温度差を利用して、熱交換により前記原水を温めた後、該熱交換に使用されたRO排水を排出することを特徴とする、使用済透析液の排出方法。 When the used dialysate is discharged in a multi-person dialysis machine, the used dialysate discharged from each console is collected in one pipe having a first heat exchanger, and the used dialysate and RO water are collected. After heating the RO water by heat exchange using the temperature difference between and the used dialysate used for the heat exchange, the RO water is further supplied to the second heat exchanger, A method for discharging spent dialysate, wherein the raw water is heated by heat exchange using a temperature difference from the raw water, and then the RO wastewater used for the heat exchange is discharged.
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JP2018027256A (en) * 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 日本ウォーターシステム株式会社 Waster treatment equipment
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JP2015144721A (en) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-13 ニプロ株式会社 dialysis system
JP2017164025A (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-21 ニプロ株式会社 Dialysis drainage storage device and dialysis system equipped with the same
JP2018027256A (en) * 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 日本ウォーターシステム株式会社 Waster treatment equipment
JP2022501088A (en) * 2018-07-20 2022-01-06 フレセニウス・メディカル・ケア・ドイチュラント・ゲーエムベーハー Centrally controlled multi-patient dialysis treatment system and its usage
JP7447078B2 (en) 2018-07-20 2024-03-11 フレセニウス・メディカル・ケア・ドイチュラント・ゲーエムベーハー Centrally Controlled Multi-Patient Dialysis Treatment System and Its Use

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