JP2013013176A - Independent power supply device - Google Patents

Independent power supply device Download PDF

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JP2013013176A
JP2013013176A JP2011142653A JP2011142653A JP2013013176A JP 2013013176 A JP2013013176 A JP 2013013176A JP 2011142653 A JP2011142653 A JP 2011142653A JP 2011142653 A JP2011142653 A JP 2011142653A JP 2013013176 A JP2013013176 A JP 2013013176A
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diesel generator
power
converter
power supply
self
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Michio Kataoka
道雄 片岡
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an independent power supply device without frequency variation that can easily starts and stops a diesel generator and has a few influence of an operational limit in light-load operation thereon.SOLUTION: An independent power supply device is provided with a distributed power supply 1 that utilizes natural energy and a diesel generator 5 and is separated from a commercial power supply. In the independent power supply device, a DC/AC converter 12 of which a DC side is connected to a power storage device 4 constantly and independently operates, and the diesel generator 5 is connected to the power storage device 4 through an AC/DC converter 11. By transmitting a start/stop command and a power command of power to be generated by a generator thereof to the diesel generator 5 from a controller 8, frequency variation does not occur at a power output terminal and the diesel generator 5 can be easily operated.

Description

この発明は、離島や船舶用電源のように商用電源から切り離された電源において太陽光発電や風力発電のような自然エネルギーを利用した分散電源が接続される自立電源装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a self-sustained power supply apparatus in which a distributed power source using natural energy such as solar power generation or wind power generation is connected to a power source separated from a commercial power source such as a remote island or a ship power source.

離島や船舶用電源のように商用電源から切り離された自立電源装置においては、連続運転が必要であることから燃費を考慮してディーゼルエンジンなどの内燃機関を利用した発電機を使用している。   In a self-sustained power supply device that is disconnected from a commercial power supply such as a remote island or a ship power supply, a generator using an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine is used in consideration of fuel consumption because continuous operation is necessary.

近年、燃料の削減とＣＯ２削減を目的に、太陽光発電や風力発電のような自然エネルギーを利用した分散電源が発電機に接続されるケースが増えており、これら分散電源を使用した電源装置の安定運転技術が重要となっている。   In recent years, for the purpose of fuel reduction and CO2 reduction, distributed power sources using natural energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation are increasingly connected to generators. Stable operation technology is important.

特開２００９−２７７９７号公報（図１及びその説明）JP 2009-27797 A (FIG. 1 and its description)

「太陽光発電システムの設計と施工」（Page41、株式会社オーム社、太陽光発電懇話会）"Design and construction of photovoltaic power generation system" (Page 41, Ohm Co., Ltd., photovoltaic power generation social gathering)

太陽光発電装置の基本構成は、「太陽光発電システムの設計と施工」（Page41、株式会社オーム社、太陽光発電懇話会）にも記載されているが、図９に示すように太陽光パネル１を直流として、ＤＣをＡＣに変換する変換器ＤＣ／ＡＣとリアクトル２０を内蔵した太陽光パワーコンディショナ（以下「パワコン」と略記する）２から成り立っている。   The basic configuration of the photovoltaic power generation device is also described in “Design and construction of photovoltaic power generation system” (Page 41, Ohm Co., Ltd., photovoltaic power generation social gathering), but as shown in FIG. The solar power conditioner (hereinafter abbreviated as “power converter”) 2 including a converter DC / AC for converting DC to AC and a reactor 20 with DC as 1 direct current.

太陽光パワコンは、通常の運転として系統電源を基準として運転する連系運転モードと自立運転モードを有している。   The solar power conditioner has a grid operation mode and a self-sustained operation mode in which normal operation is performed based on the system power supply.

通常の運転モードである連系運転モードでは、太陽光パワコン２は系統電圧を常に監視しており出力を増加させたい場合には、太陽光パワコン２の内の素子ゲートの点弧を従前よりも早めに動作させ、結果として、ベクトル図を図１０に示すように、太陽光パワコン２の出力の位相を系統電圧より進みとなるよう動作する。   In the interconnected operation mode, which is a normal operation mode, when the solar power converter 2 constantly monitors the system voltage and wants to increase the output, the ignition of the element gate in the solar power converter 2 is made higher than before. As a result, the phase of the output of the solar power converter 2 is advanced from the system voltage as shown in the vector diagram of FIG.

結果として、連系運転モードで太陽光パワコンは、太陽光パネルのエネルギーを系統に対して電流源として流し込むことができる。   As a result, the solar power conditioner can feed the energy of the solar panel as a current source to the grid in the interconnection operation mode.

自立運転モードは、太陽光パワコンが基準となり負荷への給電を行うものである。   In the self-sustaining operation mode, power is supplied to the load based on the solar power conditioner.

従来の商用電源から自立した自立電源装置では、図１１に示すように構成されており、ディーゼル発電機を基準の電圧として、太陽光発電は母線電圧に太陽光パワコンの交流電圧を常時同期させる連系運転を行っており、太陽光パネルの発電ｋＷを電流源として、母線に流し込む。   A conventional self-sustained power supply device that is independent from a commercial power supply is configured as shown in FIG. 11. With a diesel generator as a reference voltage, solar power generation is a continuous voltage that constantly synchronizes the AC voltage of the solar power converter with the bus voltage. System operation is performed, and the power generation kW of the solar panel is used as a current source and poured into the bus.

この電源装置において、負荷の消費電力と、太陽光パネル１と太陽光パワコン２から交際される太陽光発電およびディーゼル発電機５の発生電力は常に一致させる必要がある。   In this power supply device, it is necessary to always match the power consumption of the load with the generated power of the solar power generation and the diesel generator 5 associated with the solar panel 1 and the solar power converter 2.

太陽光発電の電力比率を高めようとすると、これが供給電力の変動分要素となり、負荷が必要な需供関係が崩れ、発電機の周波数が増減となり最悪は装置停止に至る。   If an attempt is made to increase the power ratio of solar power generation, this becomes a fluctuation component of the supplied power, the supply-demand relationship that requires a load is disrupted, the frequency of the generator increases and decreases, and the apparatus stops at worst.

このため、図１２に示すように二次蓄電池などのエネルギー蓄積要素を持つＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器に、日中の太陽光発電の余剰分を二次電池に充電し、夜間等の太陽光発電が出来ない時間に放電する構成を組む必要がある。   For this reason, as shown in FIG. 12, a DC / AC converter having an energy storage element such as a secondary storage battery is charged with a surplus of solar power generation during the day to the secondary battery, and solar power generation at night or the like is performed. It is necessary to build a structure that discharges when it is not possible.

この構成の場合、ディーゼル発電機の最大容量は太陽光発電停止と二次電池停止時を考慮した負荷容量以上の選定が必要である。   In the case of this configuration, the maximum capacity of the diesel generator needs to be selected more than the load capacity in consideration of when solar power generation is stopped and when the secondary battery is stopped.

また、一方ではディーゼル発電機は定格の５０％程度以下の軽負荷で運転すると燃料噴射圧力が低くなり燃料が上手く燃焼せず、排気管からオイルが滴ることや、黒煙が多量に発生し排気管からオイルが滴るような状況において、突然高負荷で運転を行うと内部機構が故障することがありため、ディーゼルエンジンを選定では、常に全負荷に近い運転が出来るよう、余裕を持たせ過ぎないよう小さ目の選定が必要である。   On the other hand, if the diesel generator is operated at a light load of about 50% or less of the rated value, the fuel injection pressure will be low and the fuel will not burn well, so that oil will drip from the exhaust pipe or a large amount of black smoke will be generated and exhausted. In situations where oil dripping from the pipe, suddenly operating at a high load may cause damage to the internal mechanism. Therefore, when selecting a diesel engine, do not allow too much room to always operate near full load. Such small selection is necessary.

このように、ディーゼル発電機は（１）５０％等の軽負荷での運転禁止制限があり、需給制御装置が煩雑である。また、（２）出力端における基準電圧であることから負荷給電停止できない。（３）ディーゼル発電機は回転機械であることから軸ベアリングを持ち、法規で定めた定期点検が必要でありメンテナンス時には負荷への給電も停止する必要といった問題があった。   Thus, the diesel generator (1) has an operation prohibition restriction at a light load such as 50%, and the supply and demand control device is complicated. Also, (2) the load power supply cannot be stopped because it is the reference voltage at the output end. (3) Since the diesel generator is a rotating machine, it has shaft bearings, which require periodic inspections stipulated by laws and regulations, and that power supply to the load must be stopped during maintenance.

本発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、周波数変動がなく、容易にディーゼル発電機の起動停止が可能で、軽負荷運転時の運転制限の影響が少ない自立電源装置を得ることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and is a self-supporting power supply device that has no frequency fluctuation, can easily start and stop a diesel generator, and is less affected by operation restrictions during light load operation. The purpose is to obtain.

この発明に係る自立電源装置は、自然エネルギーを利用した分散電源及びディーゼル発電機を備え商用電源から切り離された自立電源装置であって、蓄電装置に直流側が接続されたＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器は常時自立運転し、上記ディーゼル発電機はＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器を介して上記蓄電装置に接続され、制御装置からディーゼル発電機には起動・停止指令と発電機が出力するべき電力指令を送出することで出力端の周波数変動がなく、ディーゼル発電機の容易な運転を可能とするものである。   The self-supporting power supply device according to the present invention is a self-supporting power supply device that includes a distributed power source using natural energy and a diesel generator and is disconnected from a commercial power supply, and a DC / AC converter whose DC side is connected to a power storage device is always By operating independently, the diesel generator is connected to the power storage device via an AC / DC converter, and the control device sends a start / stop command and a power command to be output by the generator to the diesel generator. There is no frequency fluctuation at the output end, and the diesel generator can be easily operated.

この発明は、自然エネルギーを利用した分散電源及びディーゼル発電機を備え商用電源から切り離された自立電源装置であって、蓄電装置に直流側が接続されたＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器は常時自立運転し、上記ディーゼル発電機はＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器を介して上記蓄電装置に接続され、制御装置からディーゼル発電機には起動・停止指令と発電機が出力するべき電力指令を送出することで出力端の周波数変動がなく、ディーゼル発電機の容易な運転を可能とするので、母線の電圧と周波数はディーゼル発電機のような変動は無く、負荷が軽い状況での運転も可能となる効果がある。   The present invention is a self-supporting power supply device that is provided with a distributed power source and a diesel generator using natural energy and is disconnected from a commercial power supply, and a DC / AC converter whose DC side is connected to a power storage device always operates independently, The diesel generator is connected to the power storage device through an AC / DC converter, and the control device sends a start / stop command and a power command to be output from the generator to the diesel generator to change the frequency at the output end. Since the diesel generator can be easily operated, the voltage and frequency of the bus are not changed as in the diesel generator, and the operation can be performed in a light load state.

この発明の実施の形態１を示す図で、構成の事例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of a structure. この発明の実施の形態２を示す図で、構成の事例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of a structure. この発明の実施の形態３を示す図で、構成の事例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 3 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of a structure. この発明の実施の形態３を示す図で、２次電池の直流電圧を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 3 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the DC voltage of a secondary battery. この発明の実施の形態４を示す図で、構成の事例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 4 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of a structure. この発明の実施の形態４を示す図で、ディーゼル発電機とＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器の電圧垂下特性の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 4 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of the voltage drooping characteristic of a diesel generator and a DC / AC converter. この発明の実施の形態５を示す図で、構成の事例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 5 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of a structure. この発明の実施の形態５を示す図で、ディーゼル発電機とＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器と太陽光パワコンの電圧垂下特性の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Embodiment 5 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the example of the voltage drooping characteristic of a diesel generator, a DC / AC converter, and a solar power conditioner. 太陽光パワコンの連系運転原理を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the grid operation principle of a solar power conditioner. 連系運転時のベクトル図を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the vector diagram at the time of interconnection operation. 従来の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the conventional structure. 従来の従来の二次電池を持つ構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure with the conventional conventional secondary battery.

実施の形態１．
以下、この発明の実施の形態１を図３に基づいて説明する。図３において，５はディーゼル発電機，１は太陽光発電を構成する太陽光パネル、２は同じく太陽光パネルの直流（ＤＣ）を交流（ＡＣ）に変換する太陽光パワーコンディショナ（以下「パワコン」と略記する）である。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
The first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, 5 is a diesel generator, 1 is a solar panel constituting solar power generation, and 2 is a solar power conditioner (hereinafter referred to as “power conditioner”) that converts direct current (DC) of the solar panel into alternating current (AC) Abbreviated as “)”.

１１はＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器、１２はＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器、４は二次電池、６は負荷、１４〜１６は電力センサ、１３は二次電池の充電状態を管理する充電状態監視センサ制御装置である。充電状態監視センサ１３は二次電池の電圧と二次電池に流れる電池電流、温度等の情報を基にして、充電の状態を把握するものである。   11 is an AC / DC converter, 12 is a DC / AC converter, 4 is a secondary battery, 6 is a load, 14 to 16 are power sensors, and 13 is a charge state monitoring sensor control device for managing the charge state of the secondary battery. It is. The charge state monitoring sensor 13 grasps the state of charge based on information such as the voltage of the secondary battery, the battery current flowing through the secondary battery, and the temperature.

なお図面上、ディーゼル発電機５は、発電機のインピ−ダンスを考慮して、電圧源である交流電源と内部リアクタンスで表現する。   In the drawing, the diesel generator 5 is expressed by an AC power source that is a voltage source and an internal reactance in consideration of the impedance of the generator.

次に動作について説明する。   Next, the operation will be described.

まず、ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１２は、直流電源である二次電池４を基に交流電圧を出力母線７に出力する。太陽光パワコン２は、母線電圧を基準としてパワコンの主回路を制御し、連系運転を行う。太陽光パワコン２は太陽光パネル１のエネルギーを電流源として、出力母線７に電力を供給し、出力母線７に接続される負荷６が需用として電力を消費する。   First, the DC / AC converter 12 outputs an AC voltage to the output bus 7 based on the secondary battery 4 that is a DC power supply. The solar power conditioner 2 controls the main circuit of the power conditioner based on the bus voltage, and performs the interconnection operation. The solar power conditioner 2 supplies power to the output bus 7 using the energy of the solar panel 1 as a current source, and the load 6 connected to the output bus 7 consumes power for demand.

ディーゼル発電機５は、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器１１の交流側に接続される。ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器１１は、制御装置８からの電力指令に従って発電機の交流を直流に変換し、二次電池４に充電を行う。   The diesel generator 5 is connected to the AC side of the AC / DC converter 11. The AC / DC converter 11 converts alternating current of the generator into direct current in accordance with a power command from the control device 8 and charges the secondary battery 4.

充電状態監視センサ１３は、二次電池４の充電状態を管理する制御装置であり、１４は負荷への電力を計測する電力センサ、１５は太陽光発電の電力を測定する電力センサ、１６は二次電池と出力母線間の電力を測定する電力センサである。   The charging state monitoring sensor 13 is a control device that manages the charging state of the secondary battery 4, 14 is a power sensor that measures the power to the load, 15 is a power sensor that measures the power of solar power generation, and 16 is two. It is a power sensor that measures the power between the secondary battery and the output bus.

制御装置８は、電力センサ１４〜１６の電力測定値と充電状態監視センサ１３の状態を基にディーゼル発電機５へ電力指令と起動停止の指令を送る。   The control device 8 sends a power command and a start / stop command to the diesel generator 5 based on the power measurement values of the power sensors 14 to 16 and the state of the charge state monitoring sensor 13.

ここで、自立電源装置内の電力需給を考えると、需要側は負荷６への電力であり電力センサ１４の値、供給側は太陽光発電の電力とディーゼル発電機・二次電池の電力になる。   Here, when considering the power supply and demand in the self-supporting power supply, the demand side is the power to the load 6 and the value of the power sensor 14, and the supply side is the power of solar power generation and the power of the diesel generator / secondary battery. .

ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１２は、自らが基準周波数に基づき電圧を出力するため変動することはなく、（１）太陽光発電に比べ、負荷電力が大きければ二次電池から放電し二次電池４
の電圧が下がる方向、（２）太陽光発電に比べ、負荷電力が小さければ二次電池へ充電し二次電池４の電圧が上がる方向に動作する。 The DC / AC converter 12 does not fluctuate because it itself outputs a voltage based on the reference frequency. (1) The secondary battery 4 discharges from the secondary battery if the load power is large compared to solar power generation.
(2) When the load power is small, the secondary battery is charged and the voltage of the secondary battery 4 increases.

この充放電電力は、自立電源装置内の需要電力と供給電力の関係で自動的に決まる。   This charge / discharge power is automatically determined by the relationship between the demand power and the supply power in the independent power supply.

二次電池４は電池として使用可能範囲を持っており、制御装置８は二次電池４の充電状態が閾値以下になった場合は、ディーゼル発電機５を起動し制御装置８からの電力指令により運転をする。逆に充電状態が閾値以上になった場合は、ディゼ−ル発電機５を停止して二次電池として使用可能範囲な範囲にする。   The secondary battery 4 has a usable range as a battery, and the control device 8 activates the diesel generator 5 in response to a power command from the control device 8 when the charged state of the secondary battery 4 becomes a threshold value or less. Drive. On the other hand, when the state of charge is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the diesel generator 5 is stopped so that the secondary battery can be used.

ディーゼル発電機５は、二次電池４の充電状態が閾値以下になったら定格容量で充電ができ先に述べたようなディーゼル機関が持つ最低運転容量以上での運転を気にする必要が無い。   The diesel generator 5 can be charged with the rated capacity when the state of charge of the secondary battery 4 falls below the threshold value, and there is no need to worry about the operation exceeding the minimum operation capacity of the diesel engine as described above.

また、ディーゼル発電機５を停止しても自立電源装置としても負荷には影響せずに運転が可能である。このため、回転機器に特有の定期的なベアリング点検も負荷への給電を継続したまま行うことも可能な効果がある。   Further, even if the diesel generator 5 is stopped, the self-supporting power supply device can be operated without affecting the load. For this reason, there is an effect that it is possible to perform periodic bearing inspections peculiar to the rotating equipment while power supply to the load is continued.

出力母線の電圧は、自立運転をしているＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器１２が支配するため、出力周波数は５０Ｈｚ、６０Ｈｚ、４００Ｈｚのように一定であり、発電機のように変動することはなく、電圧も変動しない。
本実施の形態係る自立電源装置は、ディーゼル発電機にＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器（整流器）を設け蓄電池を充電し、蓄電池を基にＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器（インバータ）を用いて交流に変換し負荷に供給するものである。
ディーゼル発電機は常に一定負荷での運転が可能となり効率のよい運転が可能で、蓄電池の状態による起動停止が可能であり、満充電になった場合は停止しても負荷には影響しない。 Since the voltage of the output bus is controlled by the AC / DC converter 12 that is operating independently, the output frequency is constant such as 50 Hz, 60 Hz, and 400 Hz, and does not vary as in the generator. Does not change.
The self-supporting power supply apparatus according to the present embodiment is provided with an AC / DC converter (rectifier) in a diesel generator to charge a storage battery, and is converted into an alternating current using a DC / AC converter (inverter) based on the storage battery. To supply.
The diesel generator can always be operated at a constant load and can be operated efficiently, and can be started and stopped depending on the state of the storage battery. When the battery is fully charged, it does not affect the load even if it is stopped.

図１では太陽光発電として、太陽光パネル１と太陽光パワコン２で記載したが、風力発電のような自然エネルギーを利用した分散電源でも同様の効果が得られる。   In FIG. 1, the solar panel 1 and the solar power conditioner 2 are described as solar power generation, but a similar effect can be obtained even with a distributed power source using natural energy such as wind power generation.

また、４を二次電池として説明したが、エネルギー蓄積要素であればよく、代わりにスーパキャパシタ（電気二重層コンデンサ）を使用しても同様の効果を得ることができる。   Moreover, although 4 was demonstrated as a secondary battery, it should just be an energy storage element, and the same effect can be acquired even if it uses a super capacitor (electric double layer capacitor) instead.

実施の形態２．
上記実施の形態１では、ディーゼル発電機は起動・停止指令と電力指令値を受けるようにしていたが、本実施の形態２では、初期値としてディーゼル発電機のエンジンとして最も効率が良い出力に設定し、運転・停止させる。このため、ディーゼル発電機の燃費の向上を図ることができ経済的に優れた装置を得ることができる。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the diesel generator receives the start / stop command and the power command value. However, in the second embodiment, the initial value is set to the most efficient output as the engine of the diesel generator. And stop and run. For this reason, the fuel efficiency of a diesel generator can be improved and an economically excellent device can be obtained.

この場合、図２に例示のようにディーゼルエンジンは一定出力で運転することができるため、出力変化に伴う耳障りな騒音の変化についても削減する効果がある。   In this case, since the diesel engine can be operated at a constant output as illustrated in FIG. 2, there is an effect of reducing the annoying noise change accompanying the output change.

実施の形態３．
上記実施の形態１では、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器１１はディーゼル発電機５から二次電池４への充電方向のみとしたが、本実施の形態３では、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器１１の制御として逆方向である二次電池４からディーゼル発電機５への回生機能を持たせ、図３に示すような負荷側の不平衡電流に起因する二次電池の交流リップル電圧（自立電源出力周波数の２倍）に対して、リップル電圧が高いポイントに対してはディーゼル発電機５へ回生、リップル電圧が低いポイントに対してはディーゼル発電機からＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器へ流れる制御を行
う。 Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first embodiment, the AC / DC converter 11 has only the charging direction from the diesel generator 5 to the secondary battery 4, but in the third embodiment, the AC / DC converter 11 is controlled in the reverse direction. A regenerative function from the secondary battery 4 to the diesel generator 5 is provided, and the AC ripple voltage of the secondary battery due to the load-side unbalanced current as shown in FIG. 3 (twice the self-sustained power supply output frequency) On the other hand, regeneration is performed to the diesel generator 5 for a point where the ripple voltage is high, and control is performed for the point where the ripple voltage is low from the diesel generator to the AC / DC converter.

これにより、ディーゼル発電機５の周波数は、基本周波数に自立電源出力周波数の２倍のリップルを持ち運転することになるが、二次電池としてはリップル電圧の大きさが低減されることから二次電池の寿命低下を避け、二次電池の寿命を延ばす効果がある。   As a result, the diesel generator 5 operates with a fundamental frequency having twice the ripple of the self-sustained power supply output frequency. However, as the secondary battery, the magnitude of the ripple voltage is reduced. There is an effect of extending the life of the secondary battery while avoiding the battery life reduction.

実施の形態４．
上記実施の形態１では、ディーゼル発電機５は二次電池４への充電の機能のみであったが、本実施の形態４では、図５に示すようにサーキットブレーカ１７を設ける。 Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the first embodiment, the diesel generator 5 has only the function of charging the secondary battery 4, but in the fourth embodiment, a circuit breaker 17 is provided as shown in FIG.

図６に示すようにディーゼル発電機５とＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１２に出力電流に対する電圧垂下特性を持たせ、かつＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１２の制御として、系統周波数と自らの発生周波数との差を補正させる機能を設けることで、ディーゼル発電機５とＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１２を並列運転可能とすることができる。 As shown in FIG. 6, the diesel generator 5 and the DC / AC converter 12 have a voltage drooping characteristic with respect to the output current, and as a control of the DC / AC converter 12, the difference between the system frequency and the generated frequency is calculated. By providing the function to be corrected, the diesel generator 5 and the DC / AC converter 12 can be operated in parallel.

この方式により、出力端５の電圧はＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器の電圧となるが、発電機とＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器が電力を分担することになり、ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器１１が故障した場合においても負荷への供給が可能であり、装置の信頼性を向上させる効果がある。   With this method, the voltage at the output terminal 5 becomes the voltage of the DC / AC converter, but the generator and the DC / AC converter share power, and even when the AC / DC converter 11 fails, Supply to the load is possible, and there is an effect of improving the reliability of the apparatus.

実施の形態５．
上記実施の形態４で、ディーゼル発電機５とＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１１は自立モードで並列運転するが、図７，図８に例示のように、太陽光パワコン２についても自立モードでの垂下特性を持たせ、かつ太陽光パワコン２の制御として、系統周波数と自らの発生周波数との差を補正させる機能を設けることで、ディーゼル発電機５及びＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器１２と太陽光パワコン２を並列運転可能とすることで、需要と供給の制御が不要となり、制御装置の処理を簡略化できる効果がある。 Embodiment 5 FIG.
In the fourth embodiment, the diesel generator 5 and the DC / AC converter 11 are operated in parallel in the self-sustained mode. However, as illustrated in FIGS. And providing a function for correcting the difference between the system frequency and its own generated frequency as a control of the solar power converter 2, the diesel generator 5 and the DC / AC converter 12 and the solar power controller 2 are connected in parallel. By enabling operation, it is not necessary to control supply and demand, and there is an effect that the processing of the control device can be simplified.

なお、各図中、同一符号は同一または相当部分を示す。   In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol shows the same or equivalent part.

１ 太陽光パネル（分散電源）、
２ 太陽光パワコン（太陽光パワーコンディショナ）、
４ 二次電池（蓄電装置）、
５ ディーゼル発電機、
６ 負荷、
７ 出力母線、
８ 制御装置、
１１ ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器、
１２ ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器、
１３ 充電状態監視装置、
１４ 電力センサ、
１５ 電力センサ、
１６ 電力センサ、
１７ サーキットブレーカ、
１９ トランス、
２０ リアクトル。 1 Solar panel (distributed power supply),
2 Solar power conditioner (solar power conditioner),
4 Secondary battery (power storage device),
5 Diesel generator,
6 load,
7 Output bus,
8 control device,
11 AC / DC converter,
12 DC / AC converter,
13 Charge state monitoring device,
14 power sensor,
15 power sensor,
16 Power sensor,
17 Circuit breaker,
19 Transformer,
20 reactors.

Claims (5)

自然エネルギーを利用した分散電源及びディーゼル発電機を備え商用電源から切り離された自立電源装置であって、蓄電装置に直流側が接続されたＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器は常時自立運転し、上記ディーゼル発電機はＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器を介して上記蓄電装置に接続され、制御装置からディーゼル発電機には起動・停止指令と発電機が出力するべき電力指令を送出することで出力端の周波数変動がなく、ディーゼル発電機の容易な運転を可能とする自立電源装置。   A self-sustained power supply device that is provided with a distributed power source and a diesel generator using natural energy and is disconnected from a commercial power source, and a DC / AC converter whose DC side is connected to a power storage device always operates independently. It is connected to the power storage device via an AC / DC converter, and the control device sends a start / stop command and a power command to be output from the generator to the diesel generator so that there is no frequency fluctuation at the output end. A stand-alone power supply that allows easy operation of the generator. 請求項１に記載の自立電源装置において、ディーゼル発電機を効率のよい出力電力で運転し、上記制御装置からディーゼル発電機に起動・停止指令を与えることでディーゼル発電機の効率を向上させること特徴とする自立電源装置。   The self-sustained power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the diesel generator is operated with efficient output power, and the start / stop command is given to the diesel generator from the control device to improve the efficiency of the diesel generator. A self-supporting power supply. 請求項１に記載の自立電源装置において、上記ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器を上記制御装置から制御して上記蓄電装置から上記ディーゼル発電機への回生機能を持たせ、負荷側の不平衡電流に起因する上記蓄電装置の交流リップル電圧に対して、リップル電圧が高いポイントに対しては上記ディーゼル発電機へ回生し、リップル電圧が低いポイントに対しては上記ディーゼル発電機から上記ＡＣ／ＤＣ変換器へ流れる制御を行うよう二次電池電圧の交流リップル電圧のエネルギーを上記ディーゼル発電機の回転エネルギーとして吸収させ、上記蓄電装置の交流リップル電圧を低減させることを特徴とする自立電源装置。   2. The self-supporting power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the AC / DC converter is controlled from the control device to have a regeneration function from the power storage device to the diesel generator, and is caused by a load-side unbalanced current. With respect to the AC ripple voltage of the power storage device, regeneration is performed to the diesel generator for points where the ripple voltage is high, and flows from the diesel generator to the AC / DC converter for points where the ripple voltage is low. A self-supporting power supply device that absorbs AC ripple voltage energy of a secondary battery voltage as rotational energy of the diesel generator so as to perform control, and reduces the AC ripple voltage of the power storage device. 請求項１に記載の自立電源装置において、上記ディーゼル発電機から負荷に対してサーキットブレーカを設け上記ディーゼル発電機から負荷端に給電し、かつ、上記ディーゼル発電機と上記ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器とに出力電流に対する電圧垂下特性を持たせ、かつ上記制御装置から制御して上記ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器に、系統周波数と自らの発生周波数との差を補正させる機能を設けることで、上記ディーゼル発電機と上記ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器を並列運転可能とすることができることを特徴とする自立電源装置。   2. The self-supporting power supply device according to claim 1, wherein a circuit breaker is provided from the diesel generator to a load to supply power to the load end from the diesel generator, and the diesel generator and the DC / AC converter are connected to each other. By providing the voltage drooping characteristic with respect to the output current and providing the DC / AC converter with a function of correcting the difference between the system frequency and its own generated frequency under the control of the control device, A self-supporting power supply device characterized in that the DC / AC converter can be operated in parallel. 請求項４に記載の自立電源装置において、上記ディーゼル発電機から負荷に対してサーキットブレーカを設け上記ディーゼル発電機から負荷端に給電し、かつ、上記ディーゼル発電機と上記ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器と太陽光パワーコンディショナとに出力電流に対する電圧垂下特性を持たせ、かつ上記制御装置から制御して上記ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器と上記太陽光パワコンとに、系統周波数と自らの発生周波数との差を補正させる機能を設けることで、上記ディーゼル発電機と上記ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器と上記太陽光パワコンを並列運転可能とすることができることを特徴とする自立電源装置。   5. The self-supporting power supply device according to claim 4, wherein a circuit breaker is provided from the diesel generator to a load to supply power to the load end from the diesel generator, and the diesel generator, the DC / AC converter, and the solar power are supplied. The optical power conditioner has a voltage drooping characteristic with respect to the output current, and is controlled by the control device to correct the difference between the system frequency and the generated frequency of the DC / AC converter and the solar power conditioner. By providing the function to make it possible, the diesel generator, the DC / AC converter, and the solar power converter can be operated in parallel.
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