JP2012239411A - New mesenchymal stem cell - Google Patents

New mesenchymal stem cell Download PDF

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JP2012239411A
JP2012239411A JP2011111873A JP2011111873A JP2012239411A JP 2012239411 A JP2012239411 A JP 2012239411A JP 2011111873 A JP2011111873 A JP 2011111873A JP 2011111873 A JP2011111873 A JP 2011111873A JP 2012239411 A JP2012239411 A JP 2012239411A
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mesenchymal stem
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JP4859078B1 (en
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Takuo Kuboki
拓男 窪木
Mitsuaki Ono
充昭 大野
Wataru Sonoyama
亘 園山
Takashi Nakajima
中島  隆
Ikuhisa Oida
育尚 笈田
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Okayama University NUC
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new mesenchymal stem cell enabling the cell to be collected readily and exhibiting effective differentiation potency, and to provide a method for selecting the new mesenchymal stem cell.SOLUTION: The new mesenchymal stem cells are selected from cells originated from granulation tissue collected from an extraction socket of tooth. The new mesenchymal stem cells are selected by culturing the granulation tissue collected from the extraction socket of tooth, and collecting the formed cell colony. The cells can easily be collected and a load of a donor can be reduced, compared to a conventional method. The cells originated from the granulation tissue collected from the extraction socket of tooth have higher colony-forming ability compared to the cells originated from the marrow, and enable the mesenchymal stem cells or precursor cells to be collected more efficiently. Furthermore, the cells having equal characteristics can be collected many times from the once collected extraction socket of tooth.

Description

本発明は、再生医療に応用可能な新規間葉系幹細胞に関する。さらには、前記新規間葉系幹細胞の選別方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a novel mesenchymal stem cell applicable to regenerative medicine. Further, the present invention relates to a method for selecting the novel mesenchymal stem cells.

歯槽膿漏、歯周病や抜歯後の歯槽骨の吸収等により、歯槽骨が失われる場合があり、歯槽骨再生治療として、骨移植や特殊なタンパク質、コラーゲン膜などの骨補填財等を用いる方法が試みられている。また、腸骨骨髄由来並びに歯槽骨骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞を用いた歯槽骨再生療法なども試みられている。再生医療の治療や研究目的の細胞源としては、間葉系幹細胞(MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell)が広く用いられている。間葉系幹細胞は、増殖能が高く、軟骨・筋肉・肝細胞・神経細胞・心筋細胞・血管内皮細胞等、種々の細胞に分化することが知られている。間葉系幹細胞は、主に腸骨骨髄由来又は歯槽骨骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞から取得される。しかしながら、骨髄採取を安全に行うには、術者のある程度のトレーニングを必要とする。また、局所麻酔下で骨髄採取を行っても、患者は強い痛みを感じることが多く、骨髄穿刺による感染の危険性もある。   Alveolar bone may be lost due to alveolar pyorrhea, periodontal disease, or resorption of the alveolar bone after tooth extraction, etc. Use bone grafts, special proteins, bone substitutes such as collagen membranes, etc. for alveolar bone regeneration A method is being tried. In addition, alveolar bone regeneration therapy using iliac bone marrow-derived and alveolar bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells has also been attempted. A mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is widely used as a cell source for regenerative medicine treatment and research purposes. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to have a high proliferation ability and to differentiate into various cells such as cartilage, muscle, hepatocytes, nerve cells, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. Mesenchymal stem cells are obtained mainly from iliac bone marrow or alveolar bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. However, to perform bone marrow collection safely requires some training of the operator. In addition, even when bone marrow is collected under local anesthesia, patients often feel strong pain and there is a risk of infection by bone marrow puncture.

また、人工多能性幹細胞(iPS細胞)が、拒絶反応や倫理的問題を回避できる再生医療に利用可能な細胞として期待が高まっている。しかし、遺伝子導入に起因する細胞の癌化等、安全性についての問題など、解決しなければならない課題が多く残されている。   In addition, artificial pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are expected as cells that can be used in regenerative medicine that can avoid rejection and ethical problems. However, many problems remain to be solved, such as safety problems such as canceration of cells caused by gene transfer.

そこで、近年口腔組織から間葉系幹細胞を採取する方法が試みられている。例えば、ヒト歯乳頭由来の間葉系幹細胞を用いる方法が開示されている(特許文献1)。しかし、特許文献1の方法は、歯胚を摘出するために、顎骨削除など外科的侵襲を伴う大がかりな手術を行う必要がある。例えば歯髄から幹細胞を採取することについては、非特許文献1(S.Gronthos et al. (2000); PNAS)、非特許文献2(M.Miura et al. (2003); PNAS)等にも報告されている。さらに、歯髄から間葉系幹細胞を分離する方法について、特許文献2に開示がある。特許文献2では、歯髄から間葉系幹細胞を分離するのに有用な細胞表面抗原を特異的に検出することにより、夾雑細胞のコンタミネーションを防ぎかつ短時間で分離することが可能な方法を見出している。しかしながら上記方法は歯髄を採取し、さらに間葉系幹細胞を分離したのちに、分離した細胞を培養して幹細胞を取得する方法であり、効率的とはいい難い。そこで、簡便に細胞を採取することができ、かつ効果的に分化能を示す幹細胞の選別方法が望まれている。   Thus, recently, a method of collecting mesenchymal stem cells from oral tissues has been attempted. For example, a method using mesenchymal stem cells derived from human tooth papilla has been disclosed (Patent Document 1). However, in the method of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to perform a large-scale operation involving surgical invasion such as jaw bone removal in order to extract a tooth germ. For example, collecting stem cells from dental pulp is also reported in Non-Patent Document 1 (S. Gronthos et al. (2000); PNAS), Non-Patent Document 2 (M. Miura et al. (2003); PNAS), etc. Has been. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for separating mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp. Patent Document 2 has found a method capable of preventing contamination of contaminated cells and separating them in a short time by specifically detecting cell surface antigens useful for separating mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp. ing. However, the method described above is a method in which the dental pulp is collected and further mesenchymal stem cells are separated, and then the separated cells are cultured to obtain stem cells, which is not efficient. Therefore, a method for selecting stem cells that can easily collect cells and effectively exhibits differentiation ability is desired.

特開2006−238875号公報JP 2006-238875 A 特開2010−252778号公報JP 2010-252778 A

PNAS, 97: 13625-30, 2000PNAS, 97: 13625-30, 2000 PNAS, 100: 5807-12, 2003PNAS, 100: 5807-12, 2003

本発明は、簡便に細胞を採取することができ、かつ効果的に分化能を示す新規間葉系幹細胞を提供することを課題とする。さらには、前記新規間葉系幹細胞の選別方法を提供することを課題とする。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel mesenchymal stem cell that allows simple collection of cells and exhibits effective differentiation ability. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for selecting the novel mesenchymal stem cells.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、抜歯窩の肉芽組織から容易に間葉系幹細胞を採取することが可能なことを見出し、本発明を完成した。   As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that mesenchymal stem cells can be easily collected from the granulation tissue of the extracted tooth fossa and have completed the present invention.

即ち、本発明は以下よりなる。
1.抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来の新規間葉系幹細胞。
2.抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織が、抜歯後10日までに形成された肉芽組織である前項1に記載の新規間葉系幹細胞。
3.抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織を培養し、形成された細胞コロニーを収集することを特徴とする、新規間葉系幹細胞の選別方法。
4.抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織が、抜歯後10日までに形成された肉芽組織である前項3に記載の新規間葉系幹細胞の選別方法。
5.前項3又は4に記載の選別方法により選別された新規間葉系幹細胞。
6.前項1、2又は5に記載の新規間葉系幹細胞を含む再生医療用組成物。
7.再生医療用組成物が、骨形成用再生医療用組成物である前項6に記載の再生医療用組成物。
8.再生医療用組成物が、脂肪細胞形成用再生医療用組成物である前項6に記載の再生医療用組成物。
That is, this invention consists of the following.
1. A novel mesenchymal stem cell derived from granulation tissue collected from the extraction cavity.
2. 2. The novel mesenchymal stem cell according to item 1 above, wherein the granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa is a granulation tissue formed by 10 days after extraction.
3. A method for selecting a novel mesenchymal stem cell, comprising culturing granulation tissue collected from an extraction fossa and collecting formed cell colonies.
4). 4. The method for selecting novel mesenchymal stem cells according to item 3 above, wherein the granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa is a granulation tissue formed up to 10 days after extraction.
5. 5. A novel mesenchymal stem cell selected by the selection method according to 3 or 4 above.
6). 6. A composition for regenerative medicine comprising the novel mesenchymal stem cell according to item 1, 2 or 5.
7). 7. The composition for regenerative medicine according to 6 above, wherein the composition for regenerative medicine is a composition for regenerative medicine for bone formation.
8). 7. The composition for regenerative medicine according to 6 above, wherein the composition for regenerative medicine is a composition for regenerative medicine for forming adipocytes.

本発明の抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来細胞は、従来の腸骨骨髄又は歯槽骨骨髄由来細胞に比べて、容易に取得することができ、提供者にとって痛みや感染の問題から解放され、負担が少ない。また、本発明の肉芽組織由来細胞は、骨髄由来細胞に比べてコロニー形成能が高く、より効率的に間葉系幹細胞又は前駆細胞が採取可能である。さらに、一度採取した抜歯窩から何度も同じ特性を有する細胞を採取することができる。   Granulation tissue-derived cells collected from the extraction fossa of the present invention can be obtained more easily than conventional iliac bone marrow or alveolar bone marrow-derived cells, and are free from burdens and infection problems for providers. Less is. In addition, the granulation tissue-derived cells of the present invention have higher colony forming ability than bone marrow-derived cells, and can more efficiently collect mesenchymal stem cells or progenitor cells. Furthermore, cells having the same characteristics can be collected many times from the extracted tooth socket.

本発明の抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来の新規間葉系幹細胞は、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞と同様の細胞表面抗原発現パターンを示す。また、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、in vitro及びin vivoで骨芽細胞の形成が確認され、in vitroにおいて脂肪細胞への分化も確認された。このことより、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞と比べて遜色ない多分化能を有していることが確認された。   The novel mesenchymal stem cells derived from granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa of the present invention show the same cell surface antigen expression pattern as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention were confirmed to form osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo, and to differentiate into adipocytes in vitro. This confirmed that it has pluripotency comparable to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

イヌの抜歯窩の治癒過程を組織学的に評価するためのサンプル収集スケジュールを示す図である。(参考例1)It is a figure which shows the sample collection schedule for histologically evaluating the healing process of the extraction socket of a dog. (Reference Example 1) イヌの抜歯後3日目の組織学的評価結果を示す写真図である。(参考例1)It is a photograph figure which shows the histological evaluation result of the 3rd day after extraction of a dog. (Reference Example 1) イヌの抜歯後7日目の組織学的評価結果を示す写真図である。(参考例1)It is a photograph figure which shows the histological evaluation result of the 7th day after tooth extraction of a dog. (Reference Example 1) イヌの抜歯後10日目の組織学的評価結果を示す写真図である。(参考例1)It is a photograph figure which shows the histological evaluation result of the 10th day after tooth extraction of a dog. (Reference Example 1) イヌの抜歯後14日目の組織学的評価結果を示す写真図である。(参考例1)It is a photograph figure which shows the histological evaluation result of the 14th day after tooth extraction of a dog. (Reference Example 1) イヌの抜歯後2ヶ月目の組織学的評価結果を示す写真図である。(参考例1)It is a photograph figure which shows the histological evaluation result of the 2nd month after tooth extraction of a dog. (Reference Example 1) イヌの抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織サンプル収集スケジュールを示す図である。(実施例1)It is a figure which shows the granulation tissue sample collection schedule extract | collected from the extraction socket of the dog. Example 1 各収集したサンプルのコロニー形成能を示す写真図である。(実施例1)It is a photograph figure which shows the colony formation ability of each collected sample. Example 1 各収集したサンプルが形成したコロニー数を示す図である。(実施例1)It is a figure which shows the colony number which each collected sample formed. Example 1 各幹細胞のテロメラーゼ活性測定結果を示す図である。(実験例1)It is a figure which shows the telomerase activity measurement result of each stem cell. (Experimental example 1) 各幹細胞のアルカリホスファターゼ活性結果を示す図である。(実験例2)It is a figure which shows the alkaline phosphatase activity result of each stem cell. (Experimental example 2) 幹細胞(DSSC 3days)をSCIDマウスに移植後8週目の骨形成能を示す図である。(実験例4)It is a figure which shows the bone formation ability of the 8th week after transplanting a stem cell (DSSC 3days) to a SCID mouse. (Experimental example 4) 幹細胞(DSSC 3days again)をSCIDマウスに移植後8週目の骨形成能を示す図である。(実験例4)It is a figure which shows the bone formation ability of the 8th week after transplanting a stem cell (DSSC 3days again) to a SCID mouse. (Experimental example 4) 幹細胞(BMSC Maxilla)をSCIDマウスに移植後8週目の骨形成能を示す図である。(実験例4)It is a figure which shows the bone formation ability of the 8th week after transplanting a stem cell (BMSC Maxilla) to a SCID mouse. (Experimental example 4) 幹細胞(BMSC LB)をSCIDマウスに移植後8週目の骨形成能を示す図である。(実験例4)It is a figure which shows the bone formation ability of the 8th week after transplanting a stem cell (BMSC LB) to a SCID mouse. (Experimental example 4) 各幹細胞の脂肪細胞への分化を示す図である。(実験例5)It is a figure which shows the differentiation into the adipocyte of each stem cell. (Experimental example 5)

本明細書において「抜歯窩」とは、抜歯後に見られる傷口をいう。抜歯窩においては、中の肉芽組織が徐々に新生骨に置き換わり、約1ヶ月程度で完全に骨に置き換わる。   In the present specification, the “extraction fossa” refers to a wound seen after extraction. In the tooth extraction socket, the granulation tissue inside is gradually replaced with new bone, and is completely replaced with bone in about one month.

本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、抜歯後10日目までに形成された肉芽組織由来が好ましく、抜歯後6日までに形成された肉芽組織由来がより好ましく、最も好ましくは抜歯後3日までに形成された肉芽組織由来である。また、採取する肉芽組織は、一度肉芽組織を採取したのちに形成された肉芽組織であってもよい。   The novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention are preferably derived from granulation tissue formed by 10 days after tooth extraction, more preferably from granulation tissue formed by 6 days after tooth extraction, most preferably until 3 days after tooth extraction. It is derived from the granulation tissue formed. Further, the granulation tissue to be collected may be a granulation tissue formed after collecting the granulation tissue once.

本明細書において、「抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来の新規間葉系幹細胞」を、DSSC (Dental Socket Stem Cells) という場合もある。本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、間葉系に属する細胞(骨細胞、心筋細胞、軟骨細胞、腱細胞、脂肪細胞など)への分化能を有する。特に好適には、骨細胞や脂肪細胞への分化能を有し、骨組織や脂肪細胞への再生医療への応用が可能である。   In the present specification, “new mesenchymal stem cells derived from granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa” may be referred to as DSSC (Dental Socket Stem Cells). The novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention have the ability to differentiate into cells belonging to the mesenchymal system (bone cells, cardiomyocytes, chondrocytes, tendon cells, adipocytes, etc.). Particularly preferably, it has the ability to differentiate into bone cells and fat cells and can be applied to regenerative medicine to bone tissue and fat cells.

本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来であればよく、調製方法は限定されないが、例えば以下の方法により調製することができる。抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織をメスやナイフ等により細切し、前記細切した組織を例えば塩化アンモニウムやプロテアーゼなどの細胞分散液で処理して細胞を分散させた後、単個細胞浮遊液を調製する。調製した単個細胞浮遊液から、細胞コロニー形成単位 (CFU-F: colony forming unit-fibroblast)アッセイ法により形成されたコロニーに含まれる細胞を収集することにより、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞を選別し、調製することができる。CFU-Fアッセイは、ヒト骨髄などから間葉系幹細胞を定量的に測定するために確立された方法で、骨髄やその他の組織に含まれる間葉系幹細胞を評価するのに理想的な方法である。アッセイは、自体公知の方法により行うことができ、市販のアッセイ用キットや試薬を用いてもよいし、必要に応じて、適宜調整したものを用いてもよい。CFU-Fアッセイ用培地に上記調製した単個細胞浮遊液を加え、培養器内で、例えば7〜21日、好ましくは7〜14日程度培養することができる。培養後、形成された細胞コロニーに含まれる細胞を採取することにより、本発明の間葉系幹細胞を選別し、調製することができる。また、コロニー数を計測する場合は、自体公知の方法により計測することができる。コロニー数の計測は、例えば顕微鏡下で計測してもよいし、染色してもよいし、PCRなどの細胞遺伝学的解析により行ってもよい。上記の他、分散させた単個細胞浮遊液について、細胞表面マーカーなどを指標として幹細胞を選別し、調製してもよいし、その他の方法で幹細胞を選別してもよい。   The novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention may be derived from granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa, and the preparation method is not limited. For example, it can be prepared by the following method. The granulation tissue collected from the extraction cavity is shredded with a scalpel or knife, and the shredded tissue is treated with a cell dispersion such as ammonium chloride or protease to disperse the cells. Prepare. From the prepared single cell suspension, the cells contained in the colonies formed by the colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay method are collected to obtain the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention. Can be sorted and prepared. The CFU-F assay is an established method for quantitative measurement of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow, etc., and is ideal for evaluating mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow and other tissues. is there. The assay can be carried out by a method known per se, and commercially available assay kits and reagents may be used, or those adjusted as necessary may be used. The single cell suspension prepared above can be added to the medium for CFU-F assay and cultured in a culture vessel, for example, for 7 to 21 days, preferably about 7 to 14 days. After culturing, the mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention can be selected and prepared by collecting cells contained in the formed cell colonies. Moreover, when measuring the number of colonies, it can be measured by a method known per se. The number of colonies may be measured, for example, under a microscope, may be stained, or may be performed by cytogenetic analysis such as PCR. In addition to the above, the dispersed single cell suspension may be prepared by selecting and preparing stem cells using a cell surface marker or the like as an index, or the stem cells may be selected by other methods.

本発明の間葉系幹細胞の培養方法は、特に限定されないが、自体公知の方法により行うことができる。具体的には、初代培養用培地に細胞を播種し、培養することができる。使用する培養液は、例えばウシ胎児血清(FBS)を含有した培地を使用することができる。培地は初代培養可能な培地であればよく、特に限定されないが、例えばMEM培地を使用することができる。培養液は、適宜交換することができる。培養液の交換の際に細胞の増殖を顕微鏡観察し、コンフルエントな状態になったらトリプシン-EDTA溶液(0.05% トリプシン0.53mM EDTA)などの細胞剥離液を用いて細胞を回収し、適当な回転数及び時間遠心処理し、上清を取り除いた後、回収した細胞に培養用培地を加えて再懸濁させることができる。例えば約1×105個の細胞を培養用培地に懸濁し、培養皿又は培養フラスコに播種し、37℃、5% CO2に設定したインキュベーター内にて継代培養することができる。この継代培養にて細胞数を増加させることができる。培地及び培養条件は上記に限定されるものではなく、適宜好ましい培養方法を選択することができる。 The method for culturing mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be performed by a method known per se. Specifically, cells can be seeded and cultured in a primary culture medium. As the culture medium to be used, for example, a medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) can be used. The medium is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for primary culture. For example, a MEM medium can be used. The culture solution can be changed as appropriate. When changing the culture medium, observe the growth of the cells under a microscope. When the cells become confluent, collect the cells using a cell detachment solution such as trypsin-EDTA solution (0.05% trypsin 0.53 mM EDTA). After centrifuging for a period of time and removing the supernatant, a culture medium can be added to the collected cells and resuspended. For example, about 1 × 10 5 cells can be suspended in a culture medium, seeded in a culture dish or culture flask, and subcultured in an incubator set at 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 . The number of cells can be increased by this subculture. The culture medium and culture conditions are not limited to the above, and a preferable culture method can be selected as appropriate.

本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、テロメア活性を有する。テロメアと細胞***回数に関係があることから、テロメア活性により細胞***能を確認でき、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞(BMSC)と同等以上の細胞***能を示す。また、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞の細胞表面マーカーは、BMSCと同様の細胞表面抗原発現パターンを示す。具体的には、CD29、CD44、CD90及びCD271からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の表面抗原を発現する。また、CD34及びCD45については、BMSCと同程度に、低発現値を示す。   The novel mesenchymal stem cell of the present invention has telomere activity. Since there is a relationship between telomeres and the number of cell divisions, cell division ability can be confirmed by telomere activity, and the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention exhibit cell division ability equivalent to or better than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) . Moreover, the cell surface marker of the novel mesenchymal stem cell of the present invention shows the same cell surface antigen expression pattern as BMSC. Specifically, at least one surface antigen selected from the group consisting of CD29, CD44, CD90 and CD271 is expressed. Moreover, about CD34 and CD45, a low expression value is shown to the same extent as BMSC.

本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、当該間葉系幹細胞を含む再生医療用組成物とすることができる。本発明の再生医療用組成物は、当該間葉系幹細胞そのものであってもよいし、当該間葉系幹細胞に培地やその他添加物を含むものであってもよい。再生医療には、選別した間葉系幹細胞自体を用いてもよいが、当該選別した間葉系幹細胞は、細胞数が少ないので、上述の方法などにより初代培養、更には継代培養し、間葉系幹細胞を増殖させたものを再生医療用組成物とすることもできる。継代培養は、通常2〜6代、好ましくは2〜4代行うことができる。   The novel mesenchymal stem cell of the present invention can be a regenerative medical composition containing the mesenchymal stem cell. The composition for regenerative medicine of the present invention may be the mesenchymal stem cell itself, or may contain a medium or other additives in the mesenchymal stem cell. For regenerative medicine, the selected mesenchymal stem cells themselves may be used. However, since the selected mesenchymal stem cells have a small number of cells, primary culture, further subculture, and A regenerative medical composition can be obtained by proliferating leaf stem cells. Subculture is usually performed for 2 to 6 generations, preferably 2 to 4 generations.

培養して得られた新規間葉系幹細胞は、引き続いて分化誘導剤を加えて分化誘導を行うこともできる。培養間葉系幹細胞に種々分化誘導因子を添加し、骨芽細胞、軟骨細胞、脂肪細胞など各種細胞へ分化誘導させ、分化した細胞を各組織の修復部に移植して、組織を再生する事も可能である。   The novel mesenchymal stem cells obtained by culturing can be subsequently induced to differentiate by adding a differentiation inducer. Regenerating tissues by adding various differentiation-inducing factors to cultured mesenchymal stem cells, inducing differentiation into various cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, and transplanting the differentiated cells to the repaired part of each tissue. Is also possible.

骨細胞への分化誘導剤として、例えばデキサメサゾン、β-グリセロホスフエイト、ビタミンCから選択される1種又は複数種を添加することができる。また、軟骨細胞への分化誘導剤として、例えばデキサメサゾン、ビタミンC、ITS(インシュリントランスフェリンセレニウム)、リノレン酸 、ウシ血清アルブミン、ピルビン酸 Na、 L-プロリン、TGF-β3、BMP-2(骨形成タンパク)から選択される1種又は複数種を添加することができる。また、脂肪細胞への分化誘導剤として、デキサメサゾン、メチルイソブチルキサンチン、インシュリンから選択される1種又は複数種を添加することができる。本発明の再生医療用組成物は、分化誘導させた細胞を含むものであってもよい。   As an agent for inducing differentiation into bone cells, for example, one or more selected from dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate, and vitamin C can be added. As chondrocyte differentiation inducers, for example, dexamethasone, vitamin C, ITS (insulin transfer selenium), linolenic acid, bovine serum albumin, pyruvate Na, L-proline, TGF-β3, BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein) 1 type or multiple types selected from these can be added. In addition, one or more kinds selected from dexamethasone, methylisobutylxanthine, and insulin can be added as an agent for inducing differentiation into adipocytes. The composition for regenerative medicine of the present invention may contain cells induced to differentiate.

本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞を用いて、再生医療による種々疾患の治療が可能である。例えば、骨・軟骨再生には、例えば1×106〜1×108個/mlの比較的高濃度に調製した本発明の間葉系幹細胞と、例えば骨補填材であるβ-リン酸三カルシウムと複合体形成したものを本発明の再生医療用組成物として骨欠損又は軟骨欠損等に直接移植することで、当該再生医療用組成物が移植された部位で骨組織又は軟骨組織を再生させる事が可能である。また、前記高濃度に調製した本発明の間葉系幹細胞を例えばセラミックス、金属材料、生体吸収性又は非吸収性ポリマーなどの足場材に播種し、適当な時間、例えば1〜24時間培養して足場材に高密度で接着せしめた後、骨欠損又は軟骨欠損等に直接移植することにより、間葉系幹細胞が移植された部位で骨組織又は軟骨組織を再生させる事が可能である。 Treatment of various diseases by regenerative medicine is possible using the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention. For example, for bone / cartilage regeneration, the mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention prepared at a relatively high concentration of, for example, 1 × 10 6 to 1 × 10 8 cells / ml, and β-phosphate triphosphate, which is a bone filling material, for example. A bone complex or cartilage tissue is regenerated at the site where the composition for regenerative medicine is transplanted by directly transplanting the complex formed with calcium into a bone defect or cartilage defect as the composition for regenerative medicine of the present invention. Things are possible. In addition, the mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention prepared at the high concentration are seeded on a scaffold such as ceramics, metal material, bioabsorbable or non-absorbable polymer, and cultured for an appropriate time, for example, 1 to 24 hours. It is possible to regenerate bone tissue or cartilage tissue at the site where the mesenchymal stem cells have been transplanted by adhering to the scaffold with high density and then transplanting directly to a bone defect or cartilage defect.

本発明の1つの実施形態として、培養した本発明の間葉系幹細胞を、必要時のために凍結保存することができる。分離培養した本発明の間葉系幹細胞、又はそれを初代培養及び継代培養した細胞を、細胞保存液を用いて凍結保存することができる。細胞の継代操作の際に継代培養に使用する細胞懸濁液を適当な回転数及び時間、例えば900rpm、3分間遠心処理し、上清を除去し、残留した細胞を回収し、例えばDMSO(dimethylsulfoxide)等の細胞保存剤が含まれる細胞保存液にて再懸濁し-80℃以下の冷凍庫にて凍結保存させることができる。そして、再生医療のために本発明の間葉系幹細胞が必要になった場合は、凍結保存していた間葉系幹細胞を急速解凍して細胞培養用培地に懸濁し、インキュベーター内で培養し、この培養により間葉系幹細胞を増殖させることができる。   As one embodiment of the present invention, the cultured mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention can be cryopreserved for use when necessary. The mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention that have been separated and cultured, or cells that have been primarily cultured and subcultured thereof can be cryopreserved using a cell preservation solution. The cell suspension used for subculture during cell passage is centrifuged at an appropriate rotation speed and time, for example, 900 rpm for 3 minutes, the supernatant is removed, and the remaining cells are recovered, for example, DMSO. It can be resuspended in a cell preservation solution containing a cell preservative such as (dimethylsulfoxide) and stored frozen in a freezer at -80 ° C or lower. And when the mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention are required for regenerative medicine, the mesenchymal stem cells that have been cryopreserved are rapidly thawed and suspended in a cell culture medium, cultured in an incubator, By this culture, mesenchymal stem cells can be proliferated.

本発明の再生医療用組成物は、培養後の間葉系幹細胞を含むものであってもよいし、凍結保存された若しくは解凍後の間葉系幹細胞を含むものであってもよい。本発明の再生医療用組成物は、骨形成用再生医療用組成物、又は脂肪細胞形成用医療用組成物として使用することができる。   The composition for regenerative medicine of the present invention may contain mesenchymal stem cells after culture, or may contain mesenchymal stem cells that have been cryopreserved or thawed. The regenerative medical composition of the present invention can be used as a regenerative medical composition for bone formation or a medical composition for adipocyte formation.

本発明の間葉系幹細胞を再生医療等に使用する場合、当該間葉系幹細胞の提供者と受容者との関係は、免疫学的な拒絶反応の問題が克服されるのであれば特に限定されない。特に好適には、HLA(ヒト白血球抗原/組織適合抗原)型と血液型などの免疫学的な型が適合しうることが好ましいが、免疫型に関する問題は、今後の開発にゆだねることができる。   When the mesenchymal stem cell of the present invention is used for regenerative medicine, the relationship between the donor and recipient of the mesenchymal stem cell is not particularly limited as long as the problem of immunological rejection is overcome. . It is particularly preferable that the HLA (human leukocyte antigen / histocompatibility antigen) type and immunological type such as blood type can be matched, but problems related to the immune type can be left to future development.

本発明の抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来の細胞は、骨髄由来の細胞に比べてコロニー形成能が高く、より効率的に間葉系幹細胞又は前駆細胞が採取可能であることを示している。抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織から骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞と比べ遜色ない幹細胞を効率的に単離することができたのは、本発明において初めてなされたものである。効率的に採取できた理由として、骨髄腔と解剖学的に接近した抜歯創の特性から、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞が再生現場に遊走され、抜歯窩における成長因子等により増殖し、再生のために働く幹細胞プールとして機能している可能性が考えられる。また、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞の分化能を確認したところ、骨髄由来のものと比べて遜色ない多分化能を有していることが確認された。さらに興味深いことに、一度採取した抜歯窩から何度も同じ特性を有する細胞を採取できることが確認された。上記により、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、分化細胞に誘導することができ、機能的にも優れ、再生医療において非常に有用なツールとなりうる。   Granulation tissue-derived cells collected from the extraction fossa of the present invention have higher colony-forming ability than bone marrow-derived cells, indicating that mesenchymal stem cells or progenitor cells can be collected more efficiently. It was the first time in the present invention that stem cells comparable to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells could be efficiently isolated from granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa. The reason for efficient collection is that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are migrated to the regeneration site due to the characteristics of the tooth extraction wound that is anatomically close to the bone marrow cavity, and are proliferated by growth factors in the tooth extraction fossa for regeneration. It may be functioning as a stem cell pool that works in Moreover, when the differentiation ability of the novel mesenchymal stem cell of the present invention was confirmed, it was confirmed that it has pluripotency comparable to that derived from bone marrow. More interestingly, it was confirmed that cells having the same characteristics can be collected many times from the extracted tooth socket once collected. Based on the above, the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention can be induced into differentiated cells, are functionally superior, and can be a very useful tool in regenerative medicine.

以下、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞を選別するに至った経緯を参考例に示し、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞について、実施例及び実験例を示して具体的に説明する。本発明は、これら実施例等に示す内容に限定されるものではないことはいうまでもない。   Hereinafter, the background to the selection of the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention will be shown in a reference example, and the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and experimental examples. It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the contents shown in these examples.

(参考例1)イヌ抜歯窩の治癒過程
イヌの抜歯を行い、抜歯後3日目、7日目、10日目、14日目、2ヶ月目の抜歯窩周辺の組織をHE(ヘマトキシリン・エオジン)染色することにより、抜歯窩の治癒過程の組織学的評価を行った。図1〜6に示すように、抜歯後3日目より骨芽細胞が観察され、その後新生骨梁が形成されることを観察した。
(Reference Example 1) Canine tooth extraction healing process Dog extraction was performed, and the tissue around the tooth extraction cavity on the 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th, and 2th month after extraction was treated with HE (hematoxylin and eosin). ) Histological evaluation of the healing process of the extraction socket was performed by staining. As shown in FIGS. 1-6, it was observed that osteoblasts were observed from the third day after tooth extraction, and then new trabecular bone was formed.

(実施例1)抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来間葉系幹細胞の調製
以下、本実施例及び各実験例で使用する細胞について、肉芽組織由来のものを「DSSC: Dental Socket Stem Cells」といい、対照として、骨髄由来のものを「BMSC: Bone marrow stromal cell」という。イヌの抜歯窩肉芽組織由来の細胞を以下のa)〜c)に示し、対照として、イヌの上顎骨骨髄及び長管骨骨髄由来の細胞を以下のd)〜e)に示した(図7参照)。
(Example 1) Preparation of granulation tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells collected from tooth extraction fossa For the cells used in this example and each experimental example, those derived from granulation tissue are referred to as "DSSC: Dental Socket Stem Cells". As a control, one derived from bone marrow is referred to as “BMSC: Bone marrow stromal cell”. The cells derived from canine tooth extraction granulation tissue are shown in the following a) to c), and the cells derived from the canine maxillary bone marrow and long bone marrow are shown in the following d) to e) as controls (FIG. 7). reference).

a)抜歯後3日目の抜歯窩由来肉芽組織から採取した細胞(DSSC 3days)
b)ステップa)の後、3日目の、a)と同じ抜歯窩由来肉芽組織から採取した細胞(DSSC 3days again)
c)抜歯後10日目の抜歯窩由来肉芽組織から採取した細胞(DSSC 10days)
d)上顎骨(maxilla)由来骨髄から採取した細胞(BMSC maxilla)
e)長管骨(long bone)由来細胞から採取した細胞(BMSC LB)
a) Cells taken from granulation tissue derived from extraction fossa 3 days after extraction (DSSC 3days)
b) Cells collected from the granulation tissue derived from the same tooth extraction fossa as in a) on the third day after step a) (DSSC 3days again)
c) Cells collected from granulation tissue derived from extraction fossa on the 10th day after extraction (DSSC 10days)
d) Cells taken from maxilla bone marrow (BMSC maxilla)
e) Cells collected from long bone-derived cells (BMSC LB)

採取したイヌ抜歯窩肉芽組織をメスで細切し、 3 mg/mlのコラゲナーゼタイプ I (Worthington Biochemicals Corp., Freehold, NJ) 及び 4 mg/mlのディスパーゼ (Roche Diagnostic/Boehringer Mannheim Corp., Indianapolis, IN) で、37℃で40分間インキュベートした。インキュベートした組織から単一細胞を得るために、70μmのストレイナー (Falcon, BD Labware, Franklin Lakes, NJ)を通した。対照の細胞についても同手法により処理した。   The extracted dog extraction fossa granulation tissue was minced with a scalpel and 3 mg / ml collagenase type I (Worthington Biochemicals Corp., Freehold, NJ) and 4 mg / ml dispase (Roche Diagnostic / Boehringer Mannheim Corp., Indianapolis, IN) and incubated at 37 ° C. for 40 minutes. A 70 μm strainer (Falcon, BD Labware, Franklin Lakes, NJ) was passed through to obtain single cells from the incubated tissue. Control cells were also treated by the same method.

得られた単一細胞約1×105個を10 cm培養皿で12日間培養し、細胞のコロニー形成を確認した。培養用培地には、15% ウシ胎児血清(FBS)、2 mM L-グルタミン及び抗生物質(100 U/ml ペニシリン、100μg/ml ストレプトマイシン)を含むαMEM培地(alpha-Modification of Eagle's Medium, GIBCO/Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) を用いた。形成されたコロニーにより得られた細胞を、本発明の間葉系幹細胞として以下使用する。 About 1 × 10 5 single cells obtained were cultured in a 10 cm culture dish for 12 days to confirm the formation of cell colonies. The culture medium includes alpha-Modification of Eagle's Medium, GIBCO / Invitrogen containing 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 2 mM L-glutamine and antibiotics (100 U / ml penicillin, 100 μg / ml streptomycin). , Carlsbad, CA). The cells obtained from the formed colonies are used below as mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention.

上記各細胞について、培養12日目のコロニー形成能を図8に示した。また、形成されたコロニー数を図9に示した。その結果、DSSC 3daysでコロニー形成能が最も高く、DSSC 3days again及びDSSC 10daysで、各BMSCと同程度のコロニー形成能が確認された。本実施例において、形成されたコロニーに含まれる細胞を間葉系幹細胞といい、上記a)〜e)のサンプルから取得した各間葉系幹細胞についても、以降の実験例において各々、DSSC 3days、DSSC 3days again、DSSC 10days、BMSC maxilla、BMSC LBという。   The colony forming ability on the 12th day of culture for each of the above cells is shown in FIG. The number of colonies formed is shown in FIG. As a result, the colony forming ability was the highest in DSSC 3 days, and the same colony forming ability as each BMSC was confirmed in DSSC 3 days again and DSSC 10 days. In this example, the cells contained in the formed colony is referred to as mesenchymal stem cells, and for each mesenchymal stem cell obtained from the samples of a) to e) above, DSSC 3days, DSSC 3days again, DSSC 10days, BMSC maxilla, BMSC LB.

(実験例1)各間葉系幹細胞のテロメラーゼ活性
実施例1で作製された各間葉系幹細胞のうち、特にDSSC 3days、DSSC 3days again、BMSC maxilla又はBMSC LBについて、細胞***能の指標の一つとして、テロメラーゼ活性を測定した。テロメラーゼ活性は、市販のキット(TeloExpress Quantitative Telomerase Detection Kit, Express Biotech International, Thurmount, USA)を用い、リアルタイムRT-PCRにて定量した。その結果、図10に示すように、DSSC 3daysは他のBMSCと比べ同等以上のテロメア活性を有することが確認された。
(Experimental example 1) Telomerase activity of each mesenchymal stem cell Among the mesenchymal stem cells prepared in Example 1, especially for DSSC 3days, DSSC 3days again, BMSC maxilla or BMSC LB, an index of cell division ability. As a matter of fact, telomerase activity was measured. Telomerase activity was quantified by real-time RT-PCR using a commercially available kit (TeloExpress Quantitative Telomerase Detection Kit, Express Biotech International, Thurmount, USA). As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, it was confirmed that DSSC 3days had telomere activity equal to or higher than that of other BMSCs.

(実験例2)各間葉系幹細胞のアルカリホスファターゼ(ALP)活性
実施例1で作製された各間葉系幹細胞のうち、特にDSSC 3days、DSSC 3days again、BMSC maxilla又はBMSC LBについて、骨芽細胞分化誘導前の細胞と、骨芽細胞誘導培地で3日間培養した細胞について、骨芽細胞分化マーカーであるALPの発現量を、GAPDHを標準として定量した。各細胞がコンフルエントになった状態で、以下の骨芽細胞誘導培地に交換して培養し、3日後に培養上清をサンプルとして回収した。
(Experimental example 2) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of each mesenchymal stem cell Among the mesenchymal stem cells prepared in Example 1, especially for DSSC 3days, DSSC 3days again, BMSC maxilla or BMSC LB, osteoblasts The expression level of ALP, an osteoblast differentiation marker, was quantified using GAPDH as a standard for cells before differentiation induction and for cells cultured for 3 days in an osteoblast induction medium. In a state where each cell was confluent, the culture medium was replaced with the following osteoblast induction medium, and the culture supernatant was collected as a sample after 3 days.

骨芽細胞誘導用培地として、15% FBS、10-8M リン酸デキサメタゾンナトリウム、1.8mM KH2PO4、抗生物質(100 U/ml ペニシリン、100μg/ml ストレプトマイシン)、0.1mM リン酸L-アスコルビン酸、 2mM グルタミンを含むαMEM培地(Invitrogen)を用いた。 As an osteoblast induction medium, 15% FBS, 10-8 M dexamethasone sodium phosphate, 1.8 mM KH 2 PO 4 , antibiotics (100 U / ml penicillin, 100 μg / ml streptomycin), 0.1 mM L-ascorbine phosphate ΑMEM medium (Invitrogen) containing acid and 2 mM glutamine was used.

ALP及びGAPDHの各遺伝子の発現量は、RNA抽出キット(RNeasy(R) kit, Qiagen)を用いて、上記培養した細胞からtotal RNAを抽出し、cDNA合成キット(iScriptTM cDNA Synthesis Kit, BIORAD)を用いて逆転写して得たcDNAについて、RT-PCRキット(iQTM SYBR(R) Green Supermix, BIORAD)を用いてリアルタイムRT-PCR法にて定量した。RT-PCRは、配列表の配列番号1〜4に示す塩基配列からなるプライマーを用いて行った。
ALP センスプライマー: AGATGTGGAGTATGAGATGGA(配列番号1)
ALP アンチセンスプライマー: CGTAGTGAGAGTGCTTGTG(配列番号2)
GAPDH センスプライマー: GCTGAGTATGTTGTGGAGTC(配列番号3)
GAPDH アンチセンスプライマー: AGAAGGAGCAGAGATGATGA(配列番号4)
The expression level of each gene of ALP and GAPDH was determined by extracting total RNA from the cultured cells using an RNA extraction kit (RNeasy (R) kit, Qiagen) and cDNA synthesis kit (iScript cDNA Synthesis Kit, BIORAD) the cDNA obtained by reverse transcription using, was determined by real-time RT-PCR method using the RT-PCR kit (iQ TM SYBR (R) Green Supermix, BIORAD). RT-PCR was performed using primers having the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 4 in the sequence listing.
ALP sense primer: AGATGTGGAGTATGAGATGGA (SEQ ID NO: 1)
ALP antisense primer: CGTAGTGAGAGTGCTTGTG (SEQ ID NO: 2)
GAPDH sense primer: GCTGAGTATGTTGTGGAGTC (SEQ ID NO: 3)
GAPDH antisense primer: AGAAGGAGCAGAGATGATGA (SEQ ID NO: 4)

上記の結果、図11に示すように、骨芽細胞誘導培地で3日間培養することで、すべての細胞においてALPの発現量が上昇することが確認され、本発明の各間葉系幹細胞は骨芽細胞へ分化されたことが確認された。   As a result of the above, as shown in FIG. 11, it was confirmed that the expression level of ALP increased in all cells by culturing in an osteoblast induction medium for 3 days. It was confirmed that the cells were differentiated into blast cells.

(実験例3)各間葉系幹細胞の細胞表面マーカー
実施例1で作製された各間葉系幹細胞のうち、特にDSSC 3days、DSSC 3days again、BMSC maxilla又はBMSC LBについて、細胞表面マーカータンパク質の解析をフローサイトメトリー法により行った。細胞表面各マーカーに対する各モノクローナル抗体を用いたゲート設定法にて解析を行った。それぞれの細胞をタンパク質分解酵素及びコラーゲン分解酵素を含む細胞剥離用溶液(Accutase(R))を用い培養皿から剥がし、抗CD34(MA1-81639,Thermo)、抗CD45 (MA1-80304)、抗CD29(555443, BD Pharmigen)、抗CD44(555478, BD Pharmigen)、抗CD90(559869, BD Pharmigen)、抗CD271(130-091-917, Miltenyi Biotec)の各抗体存在下で4℃で30分間インキュベートした。インキュベート後、1% FBSを含むPBSバッファーで洗浄し、フローサイトメーター(MACSQuantTM Analyzer, Miltenyi Biotec)を用いて解析を行った。
(Experimental example 3) Cell surface marker of each mesenchymal stem cell Among the mesenchymal stem cells prepared in Example 1, the analysis of cell surface marker protein, especially about DSSC 3days, DSSC 3days again, BMSC maxilla or BMSC LB Was performed by flow cytometry. Analysis was performed by a gate setting method using each monoclonal antibody against each cell surface marker. Each cell is detached from the culture dish using a cell detachment solution (Accutase (R) ) containing proteolytic enzyme and collagen degrading enzyme, and anti-CD34 (MA1-81639, Thermo), anti-CD45 (MA1-80304), anti-CD29 (555443, BD Pharmigen), anti-CD44 (555478, BD Pharmigen), anti-CD90 (559869, BD Pharmigen), anti-CD271 (130-091-917, Miltenyi Biotec) in the presence of each antibody at 4 ° C. for 30 minutes. . After incubation, the plate was washed with a PBS buffer containing 1% FBS and analyzed using a flow cytometer (MACSQuant Analyzer, Miltenyi Biotec).

上記の結果を表1に示した。その結果、DSSC 3days又はDSSC 3days againについて、対照のBMSC maxilla及びBMSC LBの細胞表面マーカーと同様の傾向を示し、分化能を有する幹細胞として機能しうることが示唆された。   The results are shown in Table 1. As a result, DSSC 3days or DSSC 3days again showed the same tendency as the cell surface markers of the control BMSC maxilla and BMSC LB, suggesting that it can function as a stem cell having differentiation potential.

(実験例4)SCIDマウスによる骨形成能の確認
実施例1で作製された各間葉系幹細胞のうち、特にDSSC 3days、DSSC 3days again、BMSC maxilla又はBMSC LBの異所性骨形成能を動物モデルを用いて評価した。
2〜3×106個の各細胞と40mgの骨補填材であるβ-リン酸三カルシウム(β-TCP)(OSferion、オリンパステルモバイオマテリアル株式会社)を37℃で一時間半混和後、1200rpmで一分間遠心し、上清を除去し、各細胞とβ-TCPの各複合体を作製した。その後、作製した各複合体を、SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency disease)マウスの背皮下に移植した。8週後にサンプルを回収し、常法に従い脱灰パラフィン切片を作製した。切片をHE染色にて染色し、光学顕微鏡下で観察した結果、図12〜15に示すように、DSSC 3days及びDSSC 3days againについて、対照のBMSC maxilla及びBMSC LBと同様に骨芽細胞への分化が認められた。
(Experimental Example 4) Confirmation of bone formation ability by SCID mice Among the mesenchymal stem cells prepared in Example 1, the ectopic bone formation ability of DSSC 3days, DSSC 3days again, BMSC maxilla or BMSC LB The model was used for evaluation.
After mixing 2 to 3 × 10 6 cells and 40 mg of bone grafting material β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) (OSferion, Olympus Terumo Biomaterials Co., Ltd.) at 37 ° C for one and a half hours, 1200 rpm The mixture was centrifuged for 1 minute, the supernatant was removed, and each cell-β-TCP complex was prepared. Thereafter, each of the prepared complexes was transplanted subcutaneously in the back of SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency disease) mice. Samples were collected 8 weeks later, and decalcified paraffin sections were prepared according to a conventional method. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, the sections were stained with HE staining and observed under an optical microscope. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, DSSC 3days and DSSC 3days again differentiated into osteoblasts in the same manner as the control BMSC maxilla and BMSC LB. Was recognized.

(実験例5)培養による脂肪細胞形成能の確認
実施例1で作製された各間葉系幹細胞のうち、特にDSSC 3days、DSSC 3days again、BMSC maxilla又はBMSC LBを培養皿に播種し、脂肪細胞誘導培地に交換し、1週間に2度の培地交換を行い、28日間培養した。脂肪細胞誘導培地として、市販のイヌ脂肪細胞分化培地(Canine Adipocyte Differentiation Medium; CELL Applications,INC)を用いた。脂肪誘導培地で培養した細胞をオイルレッド 0染色した結果、図16に示すように、DSSC 3days及びDSSC 3days againについて、対照のBMSC maxilla及びBMSC LBと同様に脂肪細胞に誘導されたことが確認された。
(Experimental example 5) Confirmation of adipocyte formation ability by culture Among the mesenchymal stem cells prepared in Example 1, in particular, DSSC 3days, DSSC 3days again, BMSC maxilla or BMSC LB were seeded in a culture dish, and adipocytes The medium was changed to an induction medium, and the medium was changed twice a week and cultured for 28 days. A commercially available canine adipocyte differentiation medium (CELL Applications, INC) was used as the adipocyte induction medium. As a result of oil red 0 staining of cells cultured in the fat induction medium, it was confirmed that DSSC 3days and DSSC 3days again were induced by adipocytes in the same manner as the control BMSC maxilla and BMSC LB as shown in FIG. It was.

以上詳述したように、本発明の抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来細胞は、従来の腸骨骨髄又は歯槽骨骨髄由来細胞に比べて、容易に取得することができ、提供者にとって痛みや感染の問題から解放され、負担が少ない。また、本発明の肉芽組織由来細胞は、骨髄由来細胞に比べてコロニー形成能が高く、より効率的に間葉系幹細胞又は前駆細胞が採取可能である。さらに、一度採取した抜歯窩から何度も同じ特性を有する細胞を採取することができる。   As described above in detail, the granulation tissue-derived cells collected from the extraction fossa of the present invention can be obtained more easily than conventional iliac bone marrow or alveolar bone marrow-derived cells. It is free from the problem of and is less burdensome. In addition, the granulation tissue-derived cells of the present invention have higher colony forming ability than bone marrow-derived cells, and can more efficiently collect mesenchymal stem cells or progenitor cells. Furthermore, cells having the same characteristics can be collected many times from the extracted tooth socket.

本発明の抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来の新規間葉系幹細胞は、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞と同様の細胞表面抗原発現パターンを示した。また、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、in vitro及びin vivoで骨芽細胞の形成が確認され、in vitroにおいて脂肪細胞への分化も確認された。このことより、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞と比べて遜色ない多分化能を有していることが確認された。以上により、本発明の新規間葉系幹細胞は、容易に採取することができ、多分化能を有し、機能的にも優れ、再生医療において非常に有用なツールとなりうる。   The novel mesenchymal stem cells derived from granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa of the present invention showed the same cell surface antigen expression pattern as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the novel mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention were confirmed to form osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo, and to differentiate into adipocytes in vitro. This confirmed that it has pluripotency comparable to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. As described above, the novel mesenchymal stem cell of the present invention can be easily collected, has pluripotency, is excellent in function, and can be a very useful tool in regenerative medicine.

Claims (8)

抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織由来の新規間葉系幹細胞。 A novel mesenchymal stem cell derived from granulation tissue collected from the extraction cavity. 抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織が、抜歯後10日までに形成された肉芽組織である請求項1に記載の新規間葉系幹細胞。 The mesenchymal stem cell according to claim 1, wherein the granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa is a granulation tissue formed by 10 days after the extraction. 抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織を培養し、形成された細胞コロニーを収集することを特徴とする、新規間葉系幹細胞の選別方法。 A method for selecting a novel mesenchymal stem cell, comprising culturing granulation tissue collected from an extraction fossa and collecting formed cell colonies. 抜歯窩より採取した肉芽組織が、抜歯後10日までに形成された肉芽組織である請求項3に記載の新規間葉系幹細胞の選別方法。 The method for selecting novel mesenchymal stem cells according to claim 3, wherein the granulation tissue collected from the extraction fossa is a granulation tissue formed by 10 days after the extraction. 請求項3又は4に記載の選別方法により選別された新規間葉系幹細胞。 A novel mesenchymal stem cell selected by the selection method according to claim 3 or 4. 請求項1、2又は5に記載の新規間葉系幹細胞を含む再生医療用組成物。 A composition for regenerative medicine comprising the novel mesenchymal stem cell according to claim 1, 2 or 5. 再生医療用組成物が、骨形成用再生医療用組成物である請求項6に記載の再生医療用組成物。 The composition for regenerative medicine according to claim 6, wherein the composition for regenerative medicine is a composition for regenerative medicine for bone formation. 再生医療用組成物が、脂肪細胞形成用再生医療用組成物である請求項6に記載の再生医療用組成物。 The composition for regenerative medicine according to claim 6, wherein the composition for regenerative medicine is a composition for regenerative medicine for forming adipocytes.
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