JP2012187538A - Magnetic separation device - Google Patents

Magnetic separation device Download PDF

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JP2012187538A
JP2012187538A JP2011054335A JP2011054335A JP2012187538A JP 2012187538 A JP2012187538 A JP 2012187538A JP 2011054335 A JP2011054335 A JP 2011054335A JP 2011054335 A JP2011054335 A JP 2011054335A JP 2012187538 A JP2012187538 A JP 2012187538A
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magnetic separation
magnetic
magnetic field
filter
cylinder
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JP5361926B2 (en
Inventor
Taro Fukaya
太郎 深谷
Atsushi Yamazaki
厚 山崎
Ichiro Yamanashi
伊知郎 山梨
Tokusuke Hayami
徳介 早見
Tomoaki Kiuchi
智明 木内
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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Priority to JP2011054335A priority Critical patent/JP5361926B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/054786 priority patent/WO2012124460A1/en
Priority to CN201280008122.4A priority patent/CN103370137B/en
Publication of JP2012187538A publication Critical patent/JP2012187538A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/035Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/288Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/18Magnetic separation whereby the particles are suspended in a liquid

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  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic separation device capable of continuously performing magnetic separation and easily separating magnetic particles during washing.SOLUTION: The magnetic separation device includes: a plurality of magnetic separation columns of which a plurality are disposed in series and that have a plurality of filters comprising a non-magnetic cylinder of which the hollow center is the flow path for water to be processed, and a magnetic body disposed in a manner so as to be perpendicular to the flow of water to be processed within the cylinder; and a magnetic field imposition device that imposes a magnetic field to a portion of the magnetic separation columns, has a size that corresponds to the portion of magnetic separation columns, and is provided slidably to the outside of the plurality of magnetic separation columns.

Description

本発明の実施形態は磁気分離装置に関する。   Embodiments described herein relate generally to a magnetic separation device.

金属加工を行なう工場や製鉄所から排出される廃液には、鉄粉などの磁性粒子が含まれている。こうした廃液から磁性粒子を分離するには、磁石を利用する磁気分離装置が用いられる。   The waste liquid discharged from a metal processing factory or ironworks contains magnetic particles such as iron powder. In order to separate the magnetic particles from the waste liquid, a magnetic separation device using a magnet is used.

たとえば、磁性粒子を含む廃液を通す配管と、配管内に配置された磁性体からなる充填材と、配管の外周に配置され充填材に磁場を印加する磁石とを有する磁気分離装置が知られている。こうした磁気分離装置では、配管に廃液を通す際、配管の外周に配置された磁石により充填材に磁場を印加し、充填材によって磁性粒子を捕獲させて廃液から磁性粒子を分離する。充填材の形態には網目状、繊維状、粒子状などがある。これらの充填材は、粒子状、繊維状、網目状の順に表面積が大きくなり、磁性粒子を捕獲する効率の観点から有利になる。一方、網目状の充填材は、目が細かいために洗浄水の流速を大きくすることができず、捕獲した磁性粒子を洗浄しにくい。   For example, a magnetic separation device having a pipe for passing a waste liquid containing magnetic particles, a filler made of a magnetic material arranged in the pipe, and a magnet that is arranged on the outer periphery of the pipe and applies a magnetic field to the filler is known. Yes. In such a magnetic separation device, when a waste liquid is passed through a pipe, a magnetic field is applied to the filler by a magnet disposed on the outer periphery of the pipe, and the magnetic particles are captured by the filler to separate the magnetic particles from the waste liquid. Examples of the form of the filler include a mesh shape, a fiber shape, and a particle shape. These fillers have an increased surface area in the order of particles, fibers, and meshes, which is advantageous from the viewpoint of efficiency of capturing magnetic particles. On the other hand, since the mesh-like filler is fine, the flow rate of the washing water cannot be increased, and it is difficult to wash the captured magnetic particles.

また、磁気分離を連続して行うには複数のカラムを使用する。たとえば、それぞれ磁性体を充填した2つのカラムに交互に磁場を印加するようにし、磁気分離と洗浄を交互に行う技術が知られている。   Also, a plurality of columns are used to perform magnetic separation continuously. For example, a technique is known in which magnetic fields are alternately applied to two columns each filled with a magnetic material, and magnetic separation and cleaning are alternately performed.

特開平9−141018号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-14018

しかし、従来の磁気分離装置では、洗浄時に磁性粒子を良好に分離できていたわけではない。   However, conventional magnetic separators have not been able to separate magnetic particles well during cleaning.

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、連続した磁気分離を行うことができ、かつ洗浄時に磁性粒子を分離しやすい磁気分離装置を提供することである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a magnetic separation device capable of performing continuous magnetic separation and easily separating magnetic particles during cleaning.

実施形態に係る磁気分離装置は、中空部が被処理水の流路となる非磁性の筒体および前記筒体内に被処理水の流れに対して直交するように配置された磁性体からなる複数のフィルターを有する磁気分離カラムを、複数直列に配置した複数の磁気分離カラムと、前記複数の磁気分離カラムの外側にスライド可能に設けられ、一部の磁気分離カラムに対応するサイズをもち、一部の磁気分離カラムに磁場を印加する磁場印加装置とを有する。   The magnetic separation device according to the embodiment includes a plurality of nonmagnetic cylinders whose hollow portions serve as the flow path of the water to be treated and magnetic bodies arranged in the cylinder so as to be orthogonal to the flow of the water to be treated. A plurality of magnetic separation columns having a plurality of filters are slidably provided outside the plurality of magnetic separation columns, and have a size corresponding to a part of the magnetic separation columns. A magnetic field applying device that applies a magnetic field to the magnetic separation column of the unit.

実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の一部断面を示す正面図および側面図。The front view and side view which show the partial cross section of the magnetic separation apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の磁場印加装置の斜視図。The perspective view of the magnetic field application apparatus of the magnetic separation apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の磁気分離カラムを示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the magnetic separation column of the magnetic separation apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の磁気分離カラムの筒体の横断面図。The cross-sectional view of the cylinder of the magnetic separation column of the magnetic separation apparatus according to the embodiment. 実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の磁気分離カラムの環状支持体の一部を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows a part of annular support body of the magnetic separation column of the magnetic separation apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の磁気分離カラムのフィルターを示す平面図。The top view which shows the filter of the magnetic separation column of the magnetic separation apparatus which concerns on embodiment.

以下、図面を参照して実施形態に係る磁気分離装置を説明する。   Hereinafter, a magnetic separation device according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1(a)は実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の一部断面を示す正面図、図1(b)は側面図である。図1(a)には図1(b)のA−A’線に沿って切断した断面を示している。図1(a)および(b)に示すように、鉛直方向に立設されたカラム支持台1に、第1および第2の磁気分離カラム10a,10bが鉛直方向の同一直線上に位置するように固定され直列に配置されている。図1(b)の側面図に示すように、カラム支持台1の後方に磁場印加装置支持台2が鉛直方向に立設されている。磁場印加装置支持台2には、磁場印加装置20が前記第1および第2の磁気分離カラム10a,10bの外側で磁場印加装置支持台2に沿ってスライドするように取り付けられている。磁場印加装置20は1つの磁気分離カラムに対応するサイズを有し、1つの磁気分離カラムの外側に位置しているときにその磁気分離カラムに磁場を印加する。磁場印加装置20が磁場印加装置支持台2に沿ってスライドする領域を囲んで、磁場印加装置20から発生する磁場を遮断する磁場遮断カバー30が設けられている。磁場遮断カバー30は、この磁場印加装置20から発生する磁場を遮断できる磁性体であれば材質は特に限定されず、たとえば鉄板などが挙げられる。   Fig.1 (a) is a front view which shows the partial cross section of the magnetic separation apparatus based on Embodiment, FIG.1 (b) is a side view. FIG. 1A shows a cross section cut along the line A-A ′ of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the first and second magnetic separation columns 10a and 10b are positioned on the same straight line in the vertical direction on the column support 1 that is erected in the vertical direction. Fixed in series. As shown in the side view of FIG. 1 (b), a magnetic field application device support base 2 is erected in the vertical direction behind the column support base 1. A magnetic field applying device 20 is attached to the magnetic field applying device support 2 so as to slide along the magnetic field applying device support 2 outside the first and second magnetic separation columns 10a and 10b. The magnetic field application device 20 has a size corresponding to one magnetic separation column, and applies a magnetic field to the magnetic separation column when it is located outside the one magnetic separation column. A magnetic field shielding cover 30 that shields the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field applying device 20 is provided so as to surround an area where the magnetic field applying device 20 slides along the magnetic field applying device support 2. The material of the magnetic field shielding cover 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is a magnetic body capable of shielding the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field application device 20, and examples thereof include an iron plate.

後により詳細に説明するように、図1の磁気分離装置では、第1の磁気分離カラム10aと第2の磁気分離カラム10bとで交互に、被処理水から磁性粒子を分離する操作を行う。このとき、磁場印加装置20がある側の磁気分離カラムは磁気分離に用いられ、磁場印加装置がない位置の磁気分離カラムはフィルターの洗浄(逆洗)が施される。   As will be described in more detail later, in the magnetic separation apparatus of FIG. 1, the first magnetic separation column 10a and the second magnetic separation column 10b alternately perform operations for separating magnetic particles from the water to be treated. At this time, the magnetic separation column on the side where the magnetic field applying device 20 is used is used for magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation column at the position where there is no magnetic field applying device is subjected to filter cleaning (back washing).

なお、図1では磁気分離カラムが2本である例を示しているが、3本以上の磁気分離カラムを同一線上に直列に配置してもよい。また、4本以上の磁気分離カラムを同一線上に直列に配置した場合に、磁場印加装置20が2つの磁気分離カラムに対応するサイズをもっていてもよい。このように、磁場印加装置20は複数の磁気分離カラムのうち一部の磁気分離カラムに対応するサイズをもっていればよい。   Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which there are two magnetic separation columns, three or more magnetic separation columns may be arranged in series on the same line. Further, when four or more magnetic separation columns are arranged in series on the same line, the magnetic field application device 20 may have a size corresponding to two magnetic separation columns. As described above, the magnetic field applying device 20 may have a size corresponding to a part of the plurality of magnetic separation columns.

図2は磁場印加装置の斜視図を示す。図2に示すように、磁場印加装置20は、3つの面を有し1面が開放された枠状のヨーク21と、ヨーク21の対向する2つの内面上にそれぞれ取り付けられた互いに異なる極性(N極およびS極)をもつ第1および第2の磁石22a,22bとを有する。第1および第2の磁石22a,22bならびにヨーク21により磁場が形成される。磁場印加装置20が磁場印加装置支持台2に沿ってスライドし、1つの磁気分離カラムの外側に第1および第2の磁石22a,22bが位置すると、その磁気分離カラムは第1および第2の磁石22a,22bによって形成される磁場空間内に置かれ、その磁気分離カラムに磁場が印加される。第1および第2の磁石22a,22bは永久磁石でも電磁石でもよい。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the magnetic field application device. As shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic field applying device 20 includes a frame-like yoke 21 having three surfaces and one surface being opened, and different polarities attached to two opposing inner surfaces of the yoke 21 ( And first and second magnets 22a and 22b having N and S poles). A magnetic field is formed by the first and second magnets 22 a and 22 b and the yoke 21. When the magnetic field application device 20 slides along the magnetic field application device support base 2 and the first and second magnets 22a and 22b are positioned outside one magnetic separation column, the magnetic separation column has the first and second magnetic separation columns. It is placed in a magnetic field space formed by the magnets 22a and 22b, and a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic separation column. The first and second magnets 22a and 22b may be permanent magnets or electromagnets.

図3は1つの磁気分離カラムの断面図を示す。図3に示すように、1つの磁気分離カラムの本体は非磁性体の筒体11からなっており、その中空部が被処理水の流路となっている。筒体11は非磁性体で形成されているので、磁場印加装置20から印加される磁場の影響を受けない。筒体11の下端には蓋体12a,筒体11の上端には蓋体12bが取り付けられている。本実施形態では、筒体11下端の蓋体12aには被処理水の導入口13aが接続され、筒体11上端の蓋体12bに処理水の排出口13bが接続されている。筒体11内の中空部には、被処理水の流れに対して直交するように磁性体からなる複数層のフィルター14が配置されている。これらの複数層のフィルター14は、非磁性の2つの環状支持体15の間に挟まれている。図3では筒体11内の4個所に環状支持体15が固定され、隣接する2つの環状支持体15で形成される3つの領域に複数層のフィルター14の積層体で形成される3つのフィルター層が配置されている。   FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of one magnetic separation column. As shown in FIG. 3, the main body of one magnetic separation column is made of a non-magnetic cylindrical body 11, and the hollow portion serves as a flow path for water to be treated. Since the cylinder 11 is formed of a non-magnetic material, it is not affected by the magnetic field applied from the magnetic field application device 20. A lid 12 a is attached to the lower end of the cylinder 11, and a lid 12 b is attached to the upper end of the cylinder 11. In the present embodiment, the treated water introduction port 13a is connected to the lid body 12a at the lower end of the cylinder 11, and the treated water discharge port 13b is connected to the lid body 12b at the upper end of the cylinder 11. A plurality of layers of filters 14 made of a magnetic material are disposed in the hollow portion of the cylindrical body 11 so as to be orthogonal to the flow of water to be treated. These multi-layer filters 14 are sandwiched between two non-magnetic annular supports 15. In FIG. 3, the annular support 15 is fixed at four locations in the cylindrical body 11, and three filters formed by a laminate of a plurality of layers of filters 14 in three regions formed by two adjacent annular supports 15. Layers are arranged.

図4は磁気分離カラムの筒体11の横断面図を示す。図4に示すように、本実施形態における筒体11内の流路の横断面は、矩形(この場合、正方形)の隅部が面取りされた形状になっている。流路の面取りされた隅部の曲率半径Rは、たとえば5mm程度に設計される。   FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the cylinder 11 of the magnetic separation column. As shown in FIG. 4, the cross section of the flow path in the cylinder 11 in the present embodiment has a shape in which corners of a rectangle (in this case, a square) are chamfered. The curvature radius R of the chamfered corner of the flow path is designed to be about 5 mm, for example.

図5は環状支持体15の一部を示す断面図である。環状支持体15の平面図は図示しないが、環状支持体15はその外周が筒体11の流路の内周とほぼ同じく矩形の隅部が面取りされた形状になっている。環状支持体15の面取りされた隅部の曲率半径Rも5mm程度に設計される。図5に示すように、環状支持体15は、筒体11の内面に面する外周面に溝部16が形成され、この溝部16にOリング17が装着された状態で筒体11内に固定される。環状支持体15は非磁性体で形成され、磁場印加装置20から印加される磁場の影響を受けない。   FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the annular support 15. Although a plan view of the annular support 15 is not shown, the annular support 15 has a shape in which the outer periphery of the annular support 15 is chamfered at a rectangular corner, which is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the flow path of the cylindrical body 11. The curvature radius R of the chamfered corner of the annular support 15 is also designed to be about 5 mm. As shown in FIG. 5, the annular support 15 is fixed in the cylinder 11 with a groove 16 formed on the outer peripheral surface facing the inner surface of the cylinder 11, and an O-ring 17 attached to the groove 16. The The annular support 15 is formed of a non-magnetic material and is not affected by the magnetic field applied from the magnetic field application device 20.

図6はフィルター14を示す平面図である。図6に示すように、本実施形態におけるフィルター14は、筒体11の流路の横断面とほぼ同じく矩形の隅部が面取りされた形状を有するが、筒体11の流路の横断面よりもたとえば0.2mm程度小さく形成された金網からなっている。フィルター14の面取りされた隅部の曲率半径Rも5mm程度に設計される。   FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the filter 14. As shown in FIG. 6, the filter 14 in the present embodiment has a shape in which a rectangular corner is chamfered in substantially the same manner as the cross section of the flow path of the cylinder 11, but from the cross section of the flow path of the cylinder 11. For example, it is made of a wire mesh formed to be about 0.2 mm small. The curvature radius R of the chamfered corner of the filter 14 is also designed to be about 5 mm.

フィルター14は磁性体で形成されており、磁場印加装置20から印加される磁場によって磁性を帯びる。フィルター14の材質は特に限定されないが、耐食性に優れた強磁性体であるフェライト系ステンレス鋼やマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼などが好ましい。また、フィルター14は弾性体であることが好ましく、たとえば平織、綾織などで編まれた金属の網はそれ自体が弾性体として働く。フィルター14が弾性体であると、後述する逆洗時に捕獲した磁性粒子の除去効率を高める点で有利である。   The filter 14 is made of a magnetic material and is magnetized by the magnetic field applied from the magnetic field application device 20. The material of the filter 14 is not particularly limited, but ferritic stainless steel or martensitic stainless steel, which is a ferromagnetic material excellent in corrosion resistance, is preferable. The filter 14 is preferably an elastic body. For example, a metal net knitted with a plain weave or a twill weave itself functions as an elastic body. If the filter 14 is an elastic body, it is advantageous in that the removal efficiency of magnetic particles captured during backwashing described later is increased.

図3に示した例では、筒体11内の流路に、環状支持体15−複数層のフィルター14−環状支持体15−複数層のフィルター14−環状支持体15−複数層のフィルター14−環状支持体15がこの順に設置されている。図3に示す磁気分離カラムの場合、筒体11内に環状支持体15および複数層のフィルター14を設置した後、シール部材やネジなどを利用して筒体11に蓋体12a,12bを固定する。   In the example shown in FIG. 3, an annular support 15 -multiple layers of filter 14 -annular support 15 -multiple layers of filter 14 -annular support 15 -multiple layers of filter 14- The annular support 15 is installed in this order. In the case of the magnetic separation column shown in FIG. 3, after the annular support 15 and a plurality of layers of filters 14 are installed in the cylinder 11, the lid bodies 12 a and 12 b are fixed to the cylinder 11 using a seal member or screws. To do.

本実施形態の磁気分離装置を用いて被処理水から磁性粒子を分離する方法を説明する。まず、磁場印加装置20によって第1の磁気分離カラム10aに磁場を印加する。この結果、磁性体からなるフィルター14は磁化される。この状態で、導入口13aから磁気分離カラム10a内に被処理水を導入する。磁気分離カラム10a内に導入された被処理水は、筒体11の流路に配置された複数層のフィルター14を通過する。このとき、被処理水中の磁性粒子がフィルター14によって捕獲される。こうして磁性粒子が除去された処理水が排出口13bから排出される。   A method for separating magnetic particles from water to be treated using the magnetic separation apparatus of the present embodiment will be described. First, a magnetic field is applied to the first magnetic separation column 10 a by the magnetic field application device 20. As a result, the filter 14 made of a magnetic material is magnetized. In this state, water to be treated is introduced into the magnetic separation column 10a from the inlet 13a. The water to be treated introduced into the magnetic separation column 10 a passes through a plurality of layers of filters 14 arranged in the flow path of the cylinder 11. At this time, magnetic particles in the for-treatment water are captured by the filter 14. The treated water from which the magnetic particles have been removed is discharged from the discharge port 13b.

磁気分離カラム10aにおいて、フィルター14に捕獲された磁性粒子の量が増加すると、新たに流入する磁性粒子が捕獲されにくくなる。磁気分離カラム10aにおいて磁性粒子の捕獲量が低下して処理水の水質が劣化した際には、磁場印加装置20による磁気分離カラム10aへの磁場の印加を中止する。   In the magnetic separation column 10a, when the amount of magnetic particles captured by the filter 14 increases, it becomes difficult to capture newly flowing magnetic particles. When the amount of magnetic particles captured in the magnetic separation column 10a decreases and the quality of the treated water deteriorates, the application of the magnetic field to the magnetic separation column 10a by the magnetic field application device 20 is stopped.

次に、磁場印加装置20を第1の磁気分離カラム10aと平行に下方へスライドさせ、第1の磁気分離カラム10aと同一直線上に直列に配置された第2の磁気分離カラム10bの外側へ位置させ、第2の磁気分離カラム10bに磁場を印加し、被処理水の導入経路を第1の磁気分離カラム10aから第2の磁気分離カラム10bに切り替える。この状態で、上述した第1の磁気分離カラム10aについて説明したのと同様にして、第2の磁気分離カラム10bにおいて被処理水から磁性粒子を分離する。   Next, the magnetic field application device 20 is slid downward in parallel with the first magnetic separation column 10a, and is moved to the outside of the second magnetic separation column 10b arranged in series on the same straight line as the first magnetic separation column 10a. Then, the magnetic field is applied to the second magnetic separation column 10b, and the introduction path of the water to be treated is switched from the first magnetic separation column 10a to the second magnetic separation column 10b. In this state, the magnetic particles are separated from the water to be treated in the second magnetic separation column 10b in the same manner as described for the first magnetic separation column 10a.

上記のように磁場印加装置20を第1の磁気分離カラム10aに平行に下方へスライドさせると、第1の磁気分離カラム10a内のフィルター14は磁場の移動方向に沿って圧縮される。このとき、フィルター14上に堆積した磁性粒子にせん断力がかかり、磁性粒子がフィルター14から離れやすくなる。また、磁場印加装置20が第1の磁気分離カラム10aからはずれて圧縮が開放されると、弾性体であるフィルター14は元の位置に戻ろうとする。そして、磁場印加装置20の移動中と同様に、フィルター14が復元しようとするときにも、フィルター14上に堆積した磁性粒子にせん断力が働く。   When the magnetic field application device 20 is slid downward in parallel with the first magnetic separation column 10a as described above, the filter 14 in the first magnetic separation column 10a is compressed along the moving direction of the magnetic field. At this time, a shear force is applied to the magnetic particles deposited on the filter 14, and the magnetic particles are easily separated from the filter 14. When the magnetic field application device 20 is released from the first magnetic separation column 10a and the compression is released, the filter 14 which is an elastic body tries to return to the original position. Similarly to the movement of the magnetic field application device 20, when the filter 14 tries to restore, a shearing force acts on the magnetic particles deposited on the filter 14.

複数層のフィルター14と複数層のフィルター14との間に設けられたOリング17つき環状支持体15は、フィルター14の弾性力を活用するのに有利に働く。ここで、1つの領域に配置するフィルター14の層数を適正すると、弾性による回復を有効に活用できる。また、Oリング17自身はエントロピー弾性を有し、フィルター14よりも変形しやすいので、フィルター14にかかる圧縮力を適正にし、過剰な圧縮力によるフィルター14の塑性変形を防止できる。   An annular support 15 with an O-ring 17 provided between the multi-layer filter 14 and the multi-layer filter 14 is advantageous for utilizing the elastic force of the filter 14. Here, if the number of layers of the filter 14 arranged in one region is appropriate, recovery by elasticity can be effectively utilized. Further, since the O-ring 17 itself has entropy elasticity and is more easily deformed than the filter 14, the compressive force applied to the filter 14 can be made appropriate, and plastic deformation of the filter 14 due to excessive compressive force can be prevented.

磁場印加装置20を第1の磁気分離カラム10aの位置からはずした後、排出口13bから逆洗水を供給し、導入口13aから磁性粒子を磁性粒子回収槽へ排出するように経路を変更し、いわゆる逆洗を行う。このときすでに、上述したせん断力の作用により磁性粒子がフィルター14上から離れやすくなっているので、逆洗により容易に磁性粒子を除去することができ、洗浄効率が高くなる。   After removing the magnetic field application device 20 from the position of the first magnetic separation column 10a, the path is changed so that backwash water is supplied from the discharge port 13b and the magnetic particles are discharged from the introduction port 13a to the magnetic particle recovery tank. , So-called backwashing is performed. At this time, the magnetic particles are already easily separated from the filter 14 by the action of the shearing force described above, so that the magnetic particles can be easily removed by backwashing, and the cleaning efficiency is increased.

第1の磁気分離カラム10aの逆洗が完了すると、磁気印加装置20を再び第1の磁気分離カラム10aの外側へスライドさせて磁気分離を行う。一方、第2の磁気分離カラム10bに逆洗を施す。このようにして連続的に被処理水からの磁性粒子の分離を行うことができる。   When the back washing of the first magnetic separation column 10a is completed, the magnetic application device 20 is again slid outside the first magnetic separation column 10a to perform magnetic separation. On the other hand, the second magnetic separation column 10b is backwashed. In this way, the magnetic particles can be continuously separated from the water to be treated.

実施形態に係る磁気分離装置の磁気分離カラムでは、複数層のフィルター14と複数層のフィルター14との間に、密閉部材であるOリング17が嵌め込まれた環状支持体15が配置されているので、被処理水が筒体11の内壁とフィルター14の周縁部との間の隙間を通過するのを防止できる。このため、処理水に磁性粒子が混入するのを防止できる。   In the magnetic separation column of the magnetic separation device according to the embodiment, the annular support 15 in which the O-ring 17 that is a sealing member is fitted is disposed between the multiple layers of filters 14 and the multiple layers of filters 14. The treated water can be prevented from passing through the gap between the inner wall of the cylinder 11 and the peripheral edge of the filter 14. For this reason, it can prevent that a magnetic particle mixes in treated water.

ここで、被処理水を通過させるフィルター14の層数を多くするほど多量の磁性粒子を捕獲することができるので、処理水の水質が向上する。また、使用するOリング17つき環状支持体15の数が多いほど、被処理水のもれを防止して処理水への磁性粒子の混入を防止することができるが、環状支持体15の配置に要する幅の分だけ筒体11内に配置できるフィルター15の層数が制限される。そこで、フィルター14による被処理水からの磁性粒子の分離性能とOリング17による水密性とを考慮して、磁気分離カラム10a内で使用するフィルター14の層数とOリング17つき環状支持体15の数を決定する。   Here, as the number of layers of the filter 14 through which the water to be treated is passed increases, a larger amount of magnetic particles can be captured, so that the quality of the treated water is improved. Further, as the number of the annular supports 15 with the O-ring 17 used increases, the leakage of the water to be treated can be prevented and the magnetic particles can be prevented from being mixed into the treated water. The number of layers of the filter 15 that can be disposed in the cylinder 11 is limited by the width required for the above. Therefore, considering the separation performance of the magnetic particles from the water to be treated by the filter 14 and the water tightness by the O-ring 17, the number of layers of the filter 14 used in the magnetic separation column 10 a and the annular support 15 with the O-ring 17 are used. Determine the number of.

筒体11の断面を矩形にするのは、円形よりも矩形の方が同じ磁石を利用した場合でも断面積が1/4程度大きくなるとともに、強磁場空間に含まれる範囲も広くなり、磁性粒子の捕獲量を増加できるためである。すなわち、第1および第2の磁石22a,22bに近い空間は磁場強度が強い強磁場空間となり、ヨーク21に近い空間や磁石と接していない空間は磁場強度が弱い弱磁場空間となる。円形の場合には矩形の場合よりも断面積が小さくなるばかりでなく、弱磁場空間に含まれる空間も少なくなるが、強磁場空間に含まれる範囲も少なくなる。したがって、矩形の筒体11を利用することで、強磁場空間を広く利用して効率的に磁性粒子を捕獲することができる。   The cylindrical body 11 has a rectangular cross-section because the cross-sectional area is increased by about 1/4 even when the same magnet is used rather than the circular shape, and the range included in the strong magnetic field space is widened. This is because the amount of capture can be increased. That is, a space near the first and second magnets 22a and 22b is a strong magnetic field space with a strong magnetic field strength, and a space near the yoke 21 and a space not in contact with the magnet is a weak magnetic field space with a low magnetic field strength. In the case of a circle, not only the cross-sectional area is smaller than in the case of a rectangle, but also the space included in the weak magnetic field space is reduced, but the range included in the strong magnetic field space is also reduced. Therefore, by using the rectangular cylinder 11, the magnetic particles can be efficiently captured using the strong magnetic field space widely.

すでに説明したように、磁気分離カラムは、下端に被処理水の導入口を有し、上端に処理水の排出口を有することが好ましい。これは以下のような理由による。被処理水を磁気分離カラムの上端から導入したとすると、被処理水が通過しやすいフィルターの中央部で多くの磁性粒子が捕獲されて溜まる。このような状態で磁場印加装置20を移動させると、筒体11内でフィルター14がずれて、筒体11の内面とフィルター14の周縁部との間に隙間ができる。磁性粒子はこの隙間から抜けやすくなるので、処理水に磁性粒子が混入する原因となり、磁気分離性能が低下する。これに対して、被処理水を磁気分離カラムの下端から導入すると、磁性粒子はフィルター14の面内でほぼ均一に捕獲されるので、上記のような問題が生じない。   As already explained, the magnetic separation column preferably has an inlet for treated water at the lower end and an outlet for treated water at the upper end. This is due to the following reasons. If the water to be treated is introduced from the upper end of the magnetic separation column, many magnetic particles are captured and collected at the center of the filter through which the water to be treated easily passes. When the magnetic field application device 20 is moved in such a state, the filter 14 is displaced in the cylinder 11, and a gap is formed between the inner surface of the cylinder 11 and the peripheral edge of the filter 14. Since the magnetic particles easily escape from the gap, the magnetic particles are mixed into the treated water, and the magnetic separation performance is deteriorated. On the other hand, when the water to be treated is introduced from the lower end of the magnetic separation column, the magnetic particles are captured almost uniformly in the plane of the filter 14, and thus the above-described problem does not occur.

すでに説明したように、複数の磁気分離カラム10a,10bを鉛直方向に直列に配置して、磁気分離カラム10a,10b内で被処理水が流れる方向を鉛直方向にし、フィルター14を水平方向に配置することが好ましい。これは以下のような理由による。フィルター14が水平方向に配置されていない場合、フィルター14で捕獲された磁性粒子が重力によってフィルター14の片側に集中してフィルター14の面内で均一に分布しなくなる。この状態で逆洗を行うと、フィルター14が圧縮されたときに筒体11内でフィルター14がずれて、筒体11の内面とフィルター14の周縁部との間に隙間ができる。磁性粒子はこの隙間から抜けやすくなるので、処理水に磁性粒子が混入する原因となり、磁気分離性能が低下する。   As already described, a plurality of magnetic separation columns 10a and 10b are arranged in series in the vertical direction, the direction in which the water to be treated flows in the magnetic separation columns 10a and 10b is set to the vertical direction, and the filter 14 is arranged in the horizontal direction. It is preferable to do. This is due to the following reasons. When the filter 14 is not arranged in the horizontal direction, the magnetic particles captured by the filter 14 are concentrated on one side of the filter 14 due to gravity and are not distributed uniformly in the plane of the filter 14. When backwashing is performed in this state, when the filter 14 is compressed, the filter 14 is displaced in the cylinder 11, and a gap is formed between the inner surface of the cylinder 11 and the peripheral edge of the filter 14. Since the magnetic particles easily escape from the gap, the magnetic particles are mixed into the treated water, and the magnetic separation performance is deteriorated.

また、磁場印加装置20を磁気分離カラムの流路と平行な方向ではなく、直交する方向(水平方向)に移動させると、磁気分離カラムの筒体11内でフィルター14が偏在する可能性がある。この場合にも、筒体11の内面とフィルター14の周縁部との間に隙間ができ、磁性粒子はこの隙間から抜けやすくなるので、処理水に磁性粒子が混入する原因となり、磁気分離性能が低下する。   Further, if the magnetic field application device 20 is moved in a direction (horizontal direction) orthogonal to the magnetic separation column, not in the direction parallel to the flow path, the filter 14 may be unevenly distributed in the cylinder 11 of the magnetic separation column. . Also in this case, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 and the peripheral edge of the filter 14, and the magnetic particles easily escape from the gap, which causes the magnetic particles to be mixed into the treated water, and the magnetic separation performance is improved. descend.

さらに、フィルター14の形状が図6に示すように隅部を面取りした矩形ではなく、角のある矩形である場合、磁場印加装置20の移動時の応力によって隅部が変形しやすくなり、材料の弾性限界を超えて塑性変形する可能性がある。この場合にも、筒体11の内面とフィルター14の周縁部との間に隙間ができ、磁性粒子はこの隙間から抜けやすくなるので、処理水に磁性粒子が混入する原因となり、磁気分離性能が低下する。これに対して、フィルター14の形状が隅部を面取りした矩形である場合、このような問題は生じない。   Further, when the shape of the filter 14 is not a rectangle with chamfered corners as shown in FIG. 6 but a rectangle with corners, the corners are easily deformed by the stress when the magnetic field applying device 20 is moved, and There is a possibility of plastic deformation exceeding the elastic limit. Also in this case, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 and the peripheral edge of the filter 14, and the magnetic particles easily escape from the gap, which causes the magnetic particles to be mixed into the treated water, and the magnetic separation performance is improved. descend. On the other hand, when the shape of the filter 14 is a rectangle with chamfered corners, such a problem does not occur.

実施形態によれば、連続した磁気分離を行うことができ、かつ洗浄時に磁性粒子を分離しやすい磁気分離装置を提供することができる。   According to the embodiment, it is possible to provide a magnetic separation device capable of performing continuous magnetic separation and easily separating magnetic particles during cleaning.

本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。これら実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれるとともに、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。   Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

1…カラム支持台、2…磁場印加装置支持台、10a…第1の磁気分離カラム、10b…第2の磁気分離カラム、11…筒体、12a,12b…蓋体、13a…導入口、13b…排出口、14…フィルター、15…環状支持体、16…溝部、17…Oリング、21…磁場印加装置、21…ヨーク、22a…第1の磁石、22b…第2の磁石。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Column support stand, 2 ... Magnetic field application apparatus support stand, 10a ... 1st magnetic separation column, 10b ... 2nd magnetic separation column, 11 ... Cylindrical body, 12a, 12b ... Cover body, 13a ... Inlet port, 13b DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Discharge port, 14 ... Filter, 15 ... Annular support, 16 ... Groove part, 17 ... O-ring, 21 ... Magnetic field application apparatus, 21 ... Yoke, 22a ... 1st magnet, 22b ... 2nd magnet.

Claims (6)

中空部が被処理水の流路となる非磁性の筒体および前記筒体内に被処理水の流れに対して直交するように配置された磁性体からなる複数のフィルターを有する磁気分離カラムを、複数直列に配置した複数の磁気分離カラムと、
前記複数の磁気分離カラムの外側にスライド可能に設けられ、一部の磁気分離カラムに対応するサイズをもち、一部の磁気分離カラムに磁場を印加する磁場印加装置と
を有することを特徴とする磁気分離装置。
A magnetic separation column having a non-magnetic cylinder whose hollow part serves as a flow path of the water to be treated and a plurality of filters made of a magnetic material disposed so as to be orthogonal to the flow of the water to be treated in the cylinder, A plurality of magnetic separation columns arranged in series;
And a magnetic field applying device that is slidably provided outside the plurality of magnetic separation columns, has a size corresponding to a part of the magnetic separation columns, and applies a magnetic field to the part of the magnetic separation columns. Magnetic separation device.
前記複数の磁気分離カラムのうち、前記磁場印加装置のある位置の磁気分離カラムは磁気分離に用いられ、前記磁場印加装置のない位置の磁気分離カラムはフィルターの洗浄が施されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気分離装置。   Among the plurality of magnetic separation columns, a magnetic separation column at a position where the magnetic field application device is located is used for magnetic separation, and a magnetic separation column where the magnetic field application device is not located is subjected to filter cleaning. The magnetic separation device according to claim 1. さらに、前記磁場印加装置がスライドする領域の外側に設けられた、磁気を遮断するカバーを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気分離装置。   The magnetic separation device according to claim 1, further comprising a cover for shielding magnetism, which is provided outside a region where the magnetic field application device slides. 前記複数の磁気分離カラムは鉛直方向に直列に配置され、個々の磁気分離カラムは下端に被処理水の導入口を有し上端に処理水の排出口を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気分離装置。   The plurality of magnetic separation columns are arranged in series in the vertical direction, and each magnetic separation column has an inlet for treated water at the lower end and an outlet for treated water at the upper end. The magnetic separation apparatus as described. 前記筒体内の流路は、矩形の隅部が面取りされた横断面を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気分離装置。   The magnetic separation device according to claim 1, wherein the flow path in the cylindrical body has a cross section in which a rectangular corner is chamfered. 前記複数のフィルターは非磁性の2つの環状支持体の間に挟まれ、前記環状支持体は前記筒体の内面に面する外周面に形成された溝部にOリングを装着した状態で前記筒体内に固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気分離装置。   The plurality of filters are sandwiched between two non-magnetic annular supports, and the annular support is mounted in the cylinder with an O-ring attached to a groove formed on an outer peripheral surface facing the inner surface of the cylinder. The magnetic separation device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic separation device is fixed to the magnetic separation device.
JP2011054335A 2011-03-11 2011-03-11 Magnetic separation device Expired - Fee Related JP5361926B2 (en)

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