JP2012172164A - Aluminum alloy extrusion formed material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy extrusion formed material and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、高い熱伝導率と高い強度をあわせ持つアルミニウム合金押出形材と、その製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy extruded shape having both high thermal conductivity and high strength, and a method for producing the same.
電子機器の放熱のため、従来よりアルミニウム合金の押出形材よりなるヒートシンクが用いられている。ヒートシンクの放熱性能を向上させる手段の１つとして、材料の熱伝導率を高めることが一般的に行われている。代表的な押出用アルミニウム合金であるＡ６０６３は、押出性に優れ、複雑な断面形状が得られるが、熱伝導率２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上の押出形材を安定的に供給することは困難であった。 Conventionally, a heat sink made of an extruded shape of an aluminum alloy has been used for heat dissipation of electronic equipment. As one means for improving the heat dissipation performance of the heat sink, it is generally performed to increase the thermal conductivity of the material. A6063, which is a typical aluminum alloy for extrusion, has excellent extrudability and a complicated cross-sectional shape, but it is difficult to stably supply an extruded shape having a thermal conductivity of 210 W / m · K or more. It was.
特許文献１には、「Ｂを添加することで、Ａｌ以外の元素、特に熱伝導を低下させるＴｉ，Ｖ，Ｚｒ，ＣｒをＢと晶出物を形成させてアルミニウム母相中に固溶される他の元素の固溶量を低減させると共に、熱間加工後に３００〜４００℃の温度範囲で焼鈍を行うことにより、母相中に固溶されているＭｇとＳｉをＭｇ２Ｓｉとして析出させ、母相中の固溶量を低減させて熱伝導度の低下を抑制したもの」が記載されている。
特許文献１記載のアルミニウム合金によれば、熱伝導率２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上を満足するが、不純物を低減させたことと、熱間加工後に３００〜４００℃の温度範囲で焼鈍を行ったことでＭｇ２Ｓｉが粗大に析出することに伴い強度が低下し、ＪＩＳＨ４１００に規定されるＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足しない。そのように強度の低いものでは、振動を受ける場所、例えば自動車や電車等の乗り物等に使用することは困難である。
Patent Document 1 states that by adding B, elements other than Al, particularly Ti, V, Zr, and Cr, which lower thermal conductivity, form a crystallized product with B and are dissolved in the aluminum matrix. In addition to reducing the solid solution amount of other elements, annealing is performed in a temperature range of 300 to 400 ° C. after hot working to precipitate Mg and Si dissolved in the matrix as Mg 2 Si. In other words, the amount of solid solution in the matrix phase is reduced to suppress the decrease in thermal conductivity.
According to the aluminum alloy described in Patent Document 1, the thermal conductivity of 210 W / m · K or more is satisfied, but impurities are reduced and annealing is performed in a temperature range of 300 to 400 ° C. after hot working. As Mg 2 Si precipitates coarsely, the strength decreases, and the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 defined in JISH4100 are not satisfied. Such a low-strength material is difficult to use in places subject to vibration, such as vehicles such as automobiles and trains.
本発明は以上に述べた実情に鑑み、熱伝導率が２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上で、且つＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足するアルミニウム合金押出形材を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide an extruded aluminum alloy having a thermal conductivity of 210 W / m · K or more and satisfying the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 of JISH4100.
上記の課題を達成するために請求項１記載の発明によるアルミニウム合金押出形材は、Ｓｉを０．４〜０．６質量％、Ｆｅを０．２５質量％以下、Ｍｇを０．４５〜０．６質量％含有し、ＭｎとＣｒとＴｉが０．０２質量％以下、Ｖが０．０１質量％以下で、残部がＡｌ及び不可避的不純物であり、過時効処理をしてあり、熱伝導率が２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上であることを特徴とする。
ＳｉとＭｇを含有するアルミニウム合金押出形材を２００℃前後で加熱すると、Ｍｇ２Ｓｉの析出により時間の経過と共に硬度が上昇し、ある時間が経過すると硬度がピークに達し、その後は硬度が次第に低下する。過時効処理とは、硬度がピークを過ぎる状態まで時効処理することを意味する。
In order to achieve the above object, the extruded aluminum alloy material according to the first aspect of the present invention has a Si content of 0.4 to 0.6 mass%, Fe of 0.25 mass% or less, and Mg of 0.45 to 0. .6% by mass, Mn, Cr and Ti are 0.02% by mass or less, V is 0.01% by mass or less, the balance is Al and inevitable impurities, an overaging treatment, and heat conduction The rate is 210 W / m · K or more.
When an aluminum alloy extruded shape containing Si and Mg is heated at around 200 ° C., the hardness increases with the lapse of time due to precipitation of Mg 2 Si, the hardness reaches a peak after a certain time, and thereafter the hardness gradually increases. descend. The overaging treatment means that the aging treatment is performed until the hardness exceeds a peak.
請求項２記載の発明によるアルミニウム合金押出形材の製造方法は、ビレット鋳造時にＢを添加し、Ｂとボライドを形成させて不純物を沈降・除去する処理を行い、Ｓｉを０．４〜０．６質量％、Ｆｅを０．２５質量％以下、Ｍｇを０．４５〜０．６質量％含有し、ＭｎとＣｒとＴｉを０．０２質量％以下、Ｖを０．０１質量％以下に調整したアルミニウム合金ビレットを鋳造し、そのビレットを押出加工し、押出後に過時効処理を行い、熱伝導率を２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上とすることを特徴とする。 In the method for producing an aluminum alloy extruded profile according to the second aspect of the present invention, B is added during billet casting, B and boride are formed, impurities are settled and removed, and Si is 0.4 to 0.00. 6% by mass, Fe: 0.25% by mass or less, Mg: 0.45-0.6% by mass, Mn, Cr and Ti are adjusted to 0.02% by mass or less, and V is adjusted to 0.01% by mass or less. The aluminum alloy billet is cast, the billet is extruded, an overaging treatment is performed after the extrusion, and the thermal conductivity is 210 W / m · K or more.
請求項１記載の発明によるアルミニウム合金押出形材は、Ｓｉを０．４〜０．６質量％、Ｆｅを０．２５質量％以下、Ｍｇを０．４５〜０．６質量％含有し、熱伝導率を下げるＭｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉが０．０２質量％以下、Ｖが０．０１質量％以下であって、過時効処理により母相中に固溶するＳｉとＭｇがＭｇ２Ｓｉとして適度に析出し、これにより熱伝導率が２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上で、且つＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足するものである。本発明のアルミニウム合金押出形材をヒートシンクに適用することで、高い放熱性能が得られ、しかも高い強度を有しているため、自動車等の振動を受ける所に使用しても、破損したり脱落したりといった問題が生ずるのを防止できる。 The aluminum alloy extruded profile according to the first aspect of the present invention contains 0.4 to 0.6 mass% of Si, 0.25 mass% or less of Fe, and 0.45 to 0.6 mass% of Mg. Mn, Cr and Ti that lower the conductivity are 0.02 mass% or less, V is 0.01 mass% or less, and Si and Mg that are solid-solved in the parent phase by overaging treatment are appropriately Mg 2 Si. Precipitation occurs, and the thermal conductivity is 210 W / m · K or more, and the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 of JISH4100 are satisfied. By applying the aluminum alloy extruded profile of the present invention to a heat sink, high heat dissipation performance is obtained, and it has high strength, so it can be damaged or dropped even if it is used in places subject to vibration such as automobiles. Can be prevented from occurring.
請求項２記載の発明によるアルミニウム合金押出形材の製造方法は、ビレット鋳造時にＢを添加し、Ｂとボライドを形成させて不純物を沈降・除去する処理を行うことで、熱伝導率を低下させるＶ，Ｔｉ等の不純物が低減し、さらに押出後に過時効処理をすることで母相中に固溶するＳｉとＭｇがＭｇ２Ｓｉとして適度に析出するため、熱伝導率が２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上で、且つＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足するアルミニウム合金押出形材を製造できる。本発明の製造方法によるアルミニウム合金押出形材をヒートシンクに適用することで、高い放熱性能が得られ、しかも高い強度を有しているため、自動車等の振動を受ける所に使用しても、破損したり脱落したりといった問題が生ずるのを防止できる。 The method for producing an aluminum alloy extruded shape according to the invention of claim 2 reduces the thermal conductivity by adding B at the time of billet casting, forming B and boride, and precipitating and removing impurities. Impurities such as V and Ti are reduced, and further Si and Mg dissolved in the matrix phase are appropriately precipitated as Mg 2 Si by over-aging after extrusion, so that the thermal conductivity is 210 W / m · K. With the above, an aluminum alloy extruded profile satisfying the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 of JISH4100 can be produced. By applying the aluminum alloy extruded profile according to the production method of the present invention to a heat sink, high heat dissipation performance is obtained, and it has high strength, so it can be damaged even when used in places subject to vibration such as automobiles. It is possible to prevent a problem such as dropping or dropping out.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。本発明のアルミニウム合金押出形材は、Ｓｉを０．４〜０．６質量％、Ｆｅを０．２５質量％以下、Ｍｇを０．４５〜０．６質量％含有し、Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉを０．０２質量％以下、Ｖを０．０１質量％以下に調整する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The aluminum alloy extruded profile of the present invention contains 0.4 to 0.6% by mass of Si, 0.25% by mass or less of Fe, and 0.45 to 0.6% by mass of Mg, Mn, Cr, Ti Is adjusted to 0.02 mass% or less, and V is adjusted to 0.01 mass% or less.
Ｓｉは、Ｍｇ２Ｓｉを析出させて材料に強度を付与するために添加されるものであり、含有量増とともに強度が向上するが、熱伝導率は低下する。よって、高い強度と高い熱伝導率を確保するため、Ｓｉは０．４〜０．６質量％とした。 Si is added for precipitating Mg 2 Si to give strength to the material, and the strength increases as the content increases, but the thermal conductivity decreases. Therefore, in order to ensure high strength and high thermal conductivity, Si is set to 0.4 to 0.6% by mass.
Ｆｅは、多すぎると熱伝導率が低下するため、０．２５質量％以下とした。 If Fe is too much, the thermal conductivity is lowered, so the content was made 0.25% by mass or less.
Ｍｇは、Ｍｇ２Ｓｉを析出させて材料に強度を付与するために添加されるものであり、含有量増とともに強度が向上するが、熱伝導率は低下する。よって、高い強度と高い熱伝導率を確保するため、Ｍｇは０．４５〜０．６質量％とした。 Mg is added for precipitating Mg 2 Si to give strength to the material, and the strength increases as the content increases, but the thermal conductivity decreases. Therefore, Mg is set to 0.45 to 0.6% by mass in order to ensure high strength and high thermal conductivity.
Ｍｎ，Ｃｒはアルミニウム合金中に含有されると熱伝導率を低下させる元素であるため、０．０２質量％以下に調整する。 When Mn and Cr are contained in an aluminum alloy, they are elements that lower the thermal conductivity, so that they are adjusted to 0.02% by mass or less.
アルミニウム地金には、不可避不純物としてＴｉ，Ｖが含まれているが、これらはアルミニウム合金中に含有されると熱伝導率を低下させる元素であるため、本発明のアルミニウム合金押出形材では、ビレット鋳造時にＢを微量添加し、Ｂとボライドを形成させてこれらの不純物を沈降・除去する処理（ボロン処理）を行って、Ｔｉを０．０２質量％以下、Ｖを０．０１質量％以下に調整する。鋳造時に溶湯中に添加するＢの量は、ビレットの径等によって異なるが、例えば０．０１質量％添加することで十分な効果が得られる。ビレット及び押出形材には、Ｂが残っていても残っていなくてもよいが、熱伝導率を上げるためにはＢの残存量が少ない方が好ましい。 The aluminum ingot contains Ti and V as inevitable impurities, but since these are elements that lower the thermal conductivity when contained in the aluminum alloy, in the aluminum alloy extruded shape of the present invention, A small amount of B is added during billet casting, and B and boride are formed to settle and remove these impurities (boron treatment). Ti is 0.02% by mass or less, and V is 0.01% by mass or less. Adjust to. The amount of B added to the molten metal at the time of casting varies depending on the billet diameter and the like, but a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding, for example, 0.01% by mass. The billet and the extruded profile may or may not contain B, but it is preferable that the remaining amount of B is small in order to increase the thermal conductivity.
上述のようにボロン処理を行って、従前の半連続鋳造方法により、Ｓｉを０．４〜０．６質量％、Ｆｅを０．２５質量％以下、Ｍｇを０．４５〜０．６質量％含有し、Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉを０．０２質量％以下、Ｖを０．０１質量％以下に調整したビレットを鋳造し、凝固によって生じたミクロ偏析を均質化するために、ビレットに熱処理を行う（均質化処理）。その後、ビレットを加熱して所望の断面形状に押出加工する。均質化処理と押出加工は、通常のＡ６０６３合金と同様の条件で行うことができる。その後、押出した形材に対して過時効処理を行う。過時効処理は、押出後にＡｌ母相中に固溶しているＳｉとＭｇをＭｇ２Ｓｉとして析出させ、形材の強度と熱伝導率を上げるために行われる。通常、Ａ６０６３合金の押出形材では、おおむね２００℃で２時間加熱する時効処理を行い、強度がピークになるようにするが、本発明ではＭｇ２Ｓｉの析出がそれよりも進み、強度がピーク付近を過ぎた状態となるまで熱処理する。 Boron treatment is performed as described above, and Si is 0.4 to 0.6 mass%, Fe is 0.25 mass% or less, and Mg is 0.45 to 0.6 mass% by a conventional semi-continuous casting method. A billet containing Mn, Cr and Ti adjusted to 0.02 mass% or less and V adjusted to 0.01 mass% or less is cast, and the billet is subjected to heat treatment in order to homogenize microsegregation caused by solidification. (Homogenization treatment). Thereafter, the billet is heated and extruded into a desired cross-sectional shape. The homogenization treatment and the extrusion process can be performed under the same conditions as those of a normal A6063 alloy. Thereafter, an overaging treatment is performed on the extruded profile. The overaging treatment is carried out in order to increase the strength and thermal conductivity of the profile by precipitating Si and Mg dissolved in the Al matrix after extrusion as Mg 2 Si. Usually, in the extruded shape of A6063 alloy, an aging treatment is performed by heating at 200 ° C. for 2 hours so that the strength reaches a peak. In the present invention, however, the precipitation of Mg 2 Si progresses further and the strength reaches a peak. It heat-processes until it will pass through the vicinity.
本発明の具体的な実施例を以下に示す。実施例１は、ビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行い、Ｓｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｖの含有量が請求項に特定した範囲の上限付近で、強度が最も高くなる成分のもので、且つ押出後に２００℃で１６時間加熱する過時効処理をしたものである。実施例２は、ビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行い、Ｓｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｖの含有量が請求項に特定した範囲の下限付近で、熱伝導率が最も高くなる成分のもので、且つ押出後に同様に過時効処理をしたものである。鋳造時に添加したＢの量は、いずれも０．０１質量％である。なお表１には、Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｖの合計を記載しているが、個別にはＭｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉは０．０２質量％以下、Ｖは０．０１質量％以下である。比較例１は、ビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行い、実施例１と同じ成分としたもので、押出後に通常の時効処理（２００℃で２時間加熱）をしたもの、比較例２はビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行わず、押出後に過時効処理をしたもの、比較例３は従来のＡ６０６３合金押出形材であって、鋳造時にボロン処理を行わず、且つ押出後に通常の時効処理をしたものである。 Specific examples of the present invention are shown below. In Example 1, boron treatment is performed at the time of billet casting, and the content of Si, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cr, Ti, V is a component having the highest strength near the upper limit of the range specified in the claims. And after the extrusion, it was over-aged by heating at 200 ° C. for 16 hours. In Example 2, boron treatment is performed at the time of billet casting, and the content of Si, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cr, Ti, V is the component having the highest thermal conductivity in the vicinity of the lower limit of the range specified in the claims. In the same manner, it was over-aged after extrusion. The amount of B added during casting is 0.01% by mass. Table 1 shows the total of Mn, Cr, Ti, and V, but individually Mn, Cr, and Ti are 0.02% by mass or less, and V is 0.01% by mass or less. Comparative Example 1 was treated with boron at the time of billet casting and had the same components as Example 1, and was subjected to normal aging treatment (heating at 200 ° C. for 2 hours) after extrusion, and Comparative Example 2 was boron at the time of billet casting. Comparative example 3 is a conventional A6063 alloy extruded shape, which is not subjected to boron treatment during casting, and is subjected to normal aging treatment after extrusion.
実施例１，２、比較例１〜３の各押出形材について、機械的性質（引張強さ、０．２％耐力、伸び）、導電率及び熱伝導率の試験を行った。その結果を表２に示す。 For each of the extruded shapes of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, mechanical properties (tensile strength, 0.2% yield strength, elongation), electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity were tested. The results are shown in Table 2.
表２に示すとおり、ビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行い且つ押出後に過時効処理をした実施例１及び実施例２は、何れもＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の規格を十分に満足する優れた機械的性質を示し、尚且つ２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上の高い熱伝導率が得られることが確認された。ビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行い、且つ押出後に通常の時効処理を行った比較例１は、引張強さと耐力は実施例１，２より高いが、熱伝導率は２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋよりも低くなった。ボロン処理を行わずに押出後に過時効処理を行った比較例２は、引張強さと耐力が実施例１よりも劣り、熱伝導率も２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋより低くなった。また実施例１，２は、ボロン処理を行わず、押出後に通常の時効処理をした比較例３と比較して、引張強さと耐力が向上し、熱伝導率も向上した。 As shown in Table 2, Example 1 and Example 2, which were boron-treated during billet casting and over-aged after extrusion, both have excellent mechanical properties that sufficiently satisfy the A6063S-T5 standard of JISH4100. In addition, it was confirmed that a high thermal conductivity of 210 W / m · K or more was obtained. In Comparative Example 1 in which boron treatment was performed during billet casting and normal aging treatment was performed after extrusion, the tensile strength and proof stress were higher than those in Examples 1 and 2, but the thermal conductivity was lower than 210 W / m · K. It was. In Comparative Example 2 in which the overaging treatment was performed after extrusion without performing the boron treatment, the tensile strength and the yield strength were inferior to those of Example 1, and the thermal conductivity was also lower than 210 W / m · K. In Examples 1 and 2, the tensile strength and yield strength were improved and the thermal conductivity was improved as compared with Comparative Example 3 in which boron treatment was not performed and normal aging treatment was performed after extrusion.
以上の結果より明らかなように、ビレット鋳造時にボロン処理を行ってＭｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉを０．０２質量％以下、Ｖを０．０１質量％以下に調整し、Ｓｉを０．４〜０．６質量％、Ｆｅを０．２５質量％以下、Ｍｇを０．４５〜０．６質量％とし、押出後に過時効処理を行った本発明のアルミニウム合金押出形材は、熱伝導率を低下させるＶ，Ｔｉ等の不純物が低減し、さらに押出後に過時効処理をすることで母相中に固溶するＳｉとＭｇがＭｇ２Ｓｉとして適度に析出するため、熱伝導率が２１０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上で、且つＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足するものとなる。したがって本アルミニウム合金押出形材をヒートシンクに適用することで、高い放熱性能が得られ、しかも高い強度を有しているため、自動車等の振動を受ける所に使用しても、破損したり脱落したりといった問題が生ずるのを防止できる。 As is clear from the above results, boron treatment was performed during billet casting to adjust Mn, Cr, Ti to 0.02 mass% or less, V to 0.01 mass% or less, and Si to 0.4 to 0.00. The aluminum alloy extruded profile of the present invention, which is 6% by mass, Fe is 0.25% by mass or less, Mg is 0.45 to 0.6% by mass, and is over-aged after extrusion, reduces the thermal conductivity. Impurities such as V and Ti are reduced, and further Si and Mg dissolved in the matrix phase are appropriately precipitated as Mg 2 Si by over-aging after extrusion, so that the thermal conductivity is 210 W / m · K. Thus, the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 of JISH4100 are satisfied. Therefore, by applying this aluminum alloy extruded shape to a heat sink, high heat dissipation performance is obtained and it has high strength, so it can be damaged or dropped even if it is used in a place subject to vibration such as an automobile. Can be prevented from occurring.
本発明は以上に述べた実施形態に限定されない。合金成分は、特許請求の範囲に記載の範囲で適宜変更することができ、また特許請求の範囲に記載されていない元素を含有するものであってもよい。過時効処理は、あまりに長時間行うと強度が低下してＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足しなくなるので（例えば実施例２の合金成分の場合、２００℃で７２時間以上の過時効処理を行うと、０．２％耐力がＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５に規定の１１０Ｎ／ｍｍ２を下回る）、ＪＩＳＨ４１００のＡ６０６３Ｓ−Ｔ５の機械的性質を満足するものが得られる範囲で、過時効処理の温度と時間を適宜変更することができる。用途はヒートシンクに限定されるものではなく、高い熱伝導率、高い導電率が求められるものに広く用いることができる。 The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The alloy component can be appropriately changed within the scope described in the claims, and may contain elements not described in the claims. If the overaging treatment is performed for an excessively long time, the strength decreases and the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 of JISH4100 are not satisfied (for example, in the case of the alloy component of Example 2, overaging treatment at 200 ° C. for 72 hours or more) Doing, 0.2% proof stress is below 110N / mm 2 specified in A6063S-T5 in JISH4100), to the extent that can be obtained, thereby satisfying the mechanical properties of A6063S-T5 of JISH4100, temperature overaging And the time can be changed as appropriate. Applications are not limited to heat sinks, but can be widely used for those requiring high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity.
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| KR20200107539A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-16 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Aluminium alloy enhanced thermal conductivity and formability and manufacturing method for Extrusion molding product thereof |
| CN115161523A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-11 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy section for radiator and preparation method thereof |
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