JP2012159101A - Four-way switching valve - Google Patents

Four-way switching valve Download PDF

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JP2012159101A
JP2012159101A JP2011017374A JP2011017374A JP2012159101A JP 2012159101 A JP2012159101 A JP 2012159101A JP 2011017374 A JP2011017374 A JP 2011017374A JP 2011017374 A JP2011017374 A JP 2011017374A JP 2012159101 A JP2012159101 A JP 2012159101A
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conduit
valve body
valve
pipe
way switching
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JP5663330B2 (en
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Koji Higuchi
浩次 樋口
Noriyuki Morita
紀幸 森田
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Fujikoki Corp
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Fujikoki Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a four-way switching valve capable of minimizing decrease in efficiency of refrigeration cycle even when used in an apparatus or the like using a reversible refrigeration cycle such as a refrigeration apparatus or an air-conditioning apparatus.SOLUTION: In this four-way switching valve 1 including: a valve body 2 having a closed space; a first pipe 25 connected to one side part of the valve body and communicating with the closed space; a second pipe 12 connected to the other side part of the valve body and communicating with the closed space; third and fourth pipes 11, 13 disposed adjacent to each other at both sides with the second pipe therebetween and communicating with the closed space; a valve seat 4 having opening parts communicating with the respective second to fourth pipes in the valve body; and a valve element 3 slidably disposed at the valve seat, wherein the communication state between the first pipe and the third pipe or the communication state between the first pipe and the fourth pipe are switched by sliding the valve element in one direction or the other direction, the second pipe, the third pipe, and the fourth pipe are formed of resin or ceramic.

Description

本発明は、冷凍機器、空調機器等の可逆冷凍サイクルを利用した機器等に用いられる四方切換弁に関する。   The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve used for equipment using a reversible refrigeration cycle such as refrigeration equipment and air conditioning equipment.

従来、冷凍サイクルの冷媒通路に四方切換弁を配置して冷媒通路を切り換え、室内の冷房と暖房とを切り換えることが行なわれている。このような四方切換弁として、特許文献１等において種々のものが提案されている。   Conventionally, a four-way switching valve is arranged in the refrigerant passage of the refrigeration cycle to switch the refrigerant passage to switch between indoor cooling and heating. Various types of such four-way switching valves have been proposed in Patent Document 1 and the like.

上記四方切換弁の１つとして、例えば、図２に記載の四方切換弁４１は、密閉中空のシリンダ状の弁本体４３に、圧縮機４４の吐出管４５に連通する接続口４６と、圧縮機４４の吸入管４７に連通する接続口４８を設け、この接続口４８を挟んで両側に、熱交換機４９、５０への導管５１、５２に連通する２つの接続口５３、５４を配置し、椀状の弁体４２を弁座５６に摺動自在に設け、この弁体４２を摺動させ、中央の接続口４８と両側の接続口５３、５４のいずれか一方との間を選択的に接続する。   As one of the four-way switching valves, for example, a four-way switching valve 41 shown in FIG. 2 includes a sealed hollow cylindrical valve body 43, a connection port 46 communicating with a discharge pipe 45 of a compressor 44, a compressor 44, a connection port 48 communicating with the suction pipe 47 is provided, and two connection ports 53, 54 communicating with the conduits 51, 52 to the heat exchangers 49, 50 are arranged on both sides of the connection port 48. The valve body 42 is slidably provided on the valve seat 56, and the valve body 42 is slid to selectively connect between the central connection port 48 and one of the connection ports 53 and 54 on both sides. To do.

特開２０１０−３８３２０号公報JP 2010-38320 A

上記特許文献１に記載の四方切換弁４１等は、冷凍機器、空調機器等の可逆冷凍サイクルを利用した機器等に用いられた場合、図２に示した状態で、圧縮機４４から吐出された高温の気体状の冷媒が吐出管４５を介して導管５１の内部を流れるとともに、熱交換機５０から排出された低温の気体状の冷媒が導管５２及び吸入管４７の内部を流れる。   When the four-way switching valve 41 and the like described in Patent Document 1 are used in equipment using a reversible refrigeration cycle such as refrigeration equipment and air conditioning equipment, the four-way switching valve 41 is discharged from the compressor 44 in the state shown in FIG. High-temperature gaseous refrigerant flows through the inside of the conduit 51 through the discharge pipe 45, and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the heat exchanger 50 flows through the inside of the conduit 52 and the suction pipe 47.

ここで、導管５１、導管５２及び吸入管４７は、弁座５６にろう付けされているが、導管５１と吸入管４７は、互いに近接するとともに、これらの配管及び弁座５６は金属製であるため熱伝導率が高く、導管５１を流れる高温の気体状冷媒と、吸入管４７を流れる低温の気体状冷媒との間で活発に熱交換が行われ、その結果、冷凍サイクルの効率が低下するという問題があった。この点については、弁体４２が弁座５６上を右方へ移動し、圧縮機４４から吐出された高温の気体状冷媒が吐出管４５を介して導管５２の内部を流れ、熱交換機４９から排出された低温の気体状冷媒が導管５１及び吸入管４７の内部を流れる場合でも同様である。   Here, the conduit 51, the conduit 52, and the suction pipe 47 are brazed to the valve seat 56. The conduit 51 and the suction pipe 47 are close to each other, and the piping and the valve seat 56 are made of metal. Therefore, the heat conductivity is high, and heat exchange is actively performed between the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through the conduit 51 and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through the suction pipe 47, and as a result, the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle decreases. There was a problem. In this regard, the valve body 42 moves to the right on the valve seat 56, and the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 44 flows through the discharge pipe 45 through the conduit 52, and from the heat exchanger 49. The same applies to the case where the discharged low-temperature gaseous refrigerant flows inside the conduit 51 and the suction pipe 47.

そこで、本発明は、上記従来の技術における問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、冷凍機器、空調機器等の可逆冷凍サイクルを利用した機器等に用いた場合でも、冷凍サイクルの効率の低下を最小限に抑えることができる四方切換弁を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the problems in the above-described conventional technology, and even when used in equipment using a reversible refrigeration cycle such as refrigeration equipment and air conditioning equipment, the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle is reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a four-way switching valve that can minimize the above.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、密閉空間を有する弁本体と、該弁本体の一側部に連結され、前記密閉空間と連通する第１導管と、前記弁本体の他側部に連結され、前記密閉空間と連通する第２導管と、該第２導管を挟んで両側に各々隣接して配置され、前記密閉空間と連通する第３及び第４導管と、前記弁本体内において前記第２乃至第４導管の各々に連通する開口部を有する弁座と、該弁座に摺動可能に配置された弁体とを備え、該弁体を一方向又は他方向に摺動させることにより、前記第１導管と前記第３導管との間、又は前記第１導管と前記第４導管との間の連通状態が選択的に切り換えられる四方切換弁において、前記第２導管、第３導管及び第４導管を樹脂又はセラミックで形成したことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a valve body having a sealed space, a first conduit connected to one side of the valve body and communicating with the sealed space, and connected to the other side of the valve body. A second conduit communicating with the sealed space; third and fourth conduits disposed adjacent to both sides of the second conduit and communicating with the sealed space; and the second conduit in the valve body. A valve seat having an opening communicating with each of the second to fourth conduits, and a valve body slidably disposed on the valve seat, and sliding the valve body in one direction or the other direction A four-way switching valve in which a communication state between the first conduit and the third conduit or between the first conduit and the fourth conduit is selectively switched, wherein the second conduit, the third conduit, and The fourth conduit is formed of resin or ceramic.

そして、本発明によれば、第２導管、第３導管及び第４導管を熱伝導率の低い樹脂又はセラミックで形成したため、近接する導管内を高温流体と低温流体が流れても両者間で熱交換され難く、この四方切換弁を可逆冷凍サイクル等に利用した場合でも、冷凍サイクルの効率の低下を最小限に抑えることが可能となる。   According to the present invention, since the second conduit, the third conduit, and the fourth conduit are formed of resin or ceramic having low thermal conductivity, heat is generated between the two even if the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid flow in the adjacent conduits. Even when this four-way switching valve is used in a reversible refrigeration cycle or the like, it is difficult to replace the refrigeration cycle.

上記四方切換弁において、前記第２導管、第３導管及び第４導管の各々を、金属製フランジ継手に圧入して前記弁本体に固定することができる。   In the four-way switching valve, each of the second conduit, the third conduit, and the fourth conduit may be press-fitted into a metal flange joint and fixed to the valve body.

以上のように、本発明によれば、冷凍機器、空調機器等の可逆冷凍サイクルを利用した機器等に用いた場合でも、冷凍サイクルの効率の低下を最小限に抑えることができる四方切換弁を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the four-way switching valve that can minimize the decrease in the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle even when used in equipment that uses a reversible refrigeration cycle such as refrigeration equipment and air conditioning equipment. Can be provided.

本発明にかかる四方切換弁の一実施の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the four-way selector valve concerning this invention. 従来の四方切換弁の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the conventional four-way switching valve.

次に、本発明を実施するための形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。尚、以下の説明においては、本発明にかかる弁体を備えた四方切換弁を空調機器に用いる場合を例にとって説明する。   Next, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a case where a four-way switching valve provided with a valve body according to the present invention is used in an air conditioner will be described as an example.

図１は、本発明にかかる四方切換弁の一実施の形態を示し、この四方切換弁１は、円筒状の弁本体２と、弁本体２の内部に設けられ、椀状の弁体３が摺動する弁座４とを備え、弁体３が弁座４上を摺動することで、圧縮機３４の吐出管２５と、熱交換機３８、３９への導管３１又は導管３２のいずれか一方を選択的に接続する。   FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a four-way switching valve according to the present invention. This four-way switching valve 1 is provided inside a cylindrical valve body 2 and the valve body 2, and a bowl-shaped valve body 3 is provided. A valve seat 4 that slides, and the valve body 3 slides on the valve seat 4 so that either the discharge pipe 25 of the compressor 34 and the conduit 31 or the conduit 32 to the heat exchangers 38 and 39 are provided. Selectively connect.

弁本体２は、両端部に栓体２ａ、２ｂが固着された円筒状に形成され、弁本体２の上側に、吐出管２５が連結されるフランジ継手６が固着され、弁本体２の下側に、圧縮機３４の吸入管２８と、熱交換機３８、３９への導管３１、３２が各々連結されるフランジ継手７〜９が固着される。フランジ継手６〜９は金属製で、これらに上記圧縮機３４の吐出管２５等がろう付けされる。   The valve body 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape with stoppers 2 a and 2 b fixed to both ends, and a flange joint 6 to which a discharge pipe 25 is connected is fixed to the upper side of the valve body 2. The flange joints 7 to 9 to which the suction pipe 28 of the compressor 34 and the conduits 31 and 32 to the heat exchangers 38 and 39 are respectively connected are fixed. The flange joints 6 to 9 are made of metal, and the discharge pipe 25 and the like of the compressor 34 are brazed to them.

弁本体２内の底面に固定された金属製の弁座４と、フランジ継手７〜９の各々との間には、樹脂製又はセラミック製の導管１１〜１３が介装される。これらの導管１１〜１３は、例えばＰＰＳからなり、弁座４及びフランジ継手７〜９に圧入固定される。   Between the metal valve seat 4 fixed to the bottom face in the valve body 2 and each of the flange joints 7 to 9, resin or ceramic conduits 11 to 13 are interposed. These conduits 11 to 13 are made of PPS, for example, and are press-fitted and fixed to the valve seat 4 and the flange joints 7 to 9.

また、弁本体２の内部には、弁座４と栓体２ａとの間にピストン１４が、弁座４と栓体２ｂとの間にピストン１５が設けられ、ピストン１４、１５の間に、高圧室１６が形成される。ピストン１４、１５は、各々ボルト２０、２１によって連結板１７に連結され、連結板１７によって一体的に移動可能に構成される。   Further, inside the valve body 2, a piston 14 is provided between the valve seat 4 and the plug body 2a, a piston 15 is provided between the valve seat 4 and the plug body 2b, and between the pistons 14 and 15, A high pressure chamber 16 is formed. The pistons 14 and 15 are connected to the connecting plate 17 by bolts 20 and 21, respectively, and are configured to be integrally movable by the connecting plate 17.

ピストン１４と栓体２ａとの間に形成された作動室１８と、ピストン１５と栓体２ｂとの間に形成された作動室１９とは、導管２３、２４を介して四方切換パイロット弁３５に連結されている。四方切換パイロット弁３５が、作動室１８、１９の間に介在することにより、作動室１８、１９のいずれか一方が、導管２６を介して弁本体２の内部に連通するとき、他方の作動室が導管２７によって吸入管２８に連通するように構成される。   The working chamber 18 formed between the piston 14 and the plug 2a and the working chamber 19 formed between the piston 15 and the plug 2b are connected to the four-way switching pilot valve 35 via conduits 23 and 24. It is connected. By interposing the four-way switching pilot valve 35 between the working chambers 18 and 19, when either one of the working chambers 18 or 19 communicates with the inside of the valve body 2 via the conduit 26, the other working chamber. Is configured to communicate with the suction pipe 28 by a conduit 27.

弁座４上には、連通用凹部（流体通路）３ａと、環状の鍔部３ｂとを有する椀状の弁体３が設けられる。弁体３は、連結板１７の孔１７ａ内に緩く嵌合されている。これにより、弁体３は、ピストン１４、１５が図１において左右方向に移動することに伴って弁座４上を摺動し、圧縮機３４に接続された吸入管２８に連通する導管１２を、その両側の導管１１、１３のいずれか一方と連通させるとともに、他方の導管を高圧室１６に開放する。   On the valve seat 4, a bowl-shaped valve body 3 having a communication recess (fluid passage) 3a and an annular flange 3b is provided. The valve body 3 is loosely fitted in the hole 17 a of the connecting plate 17. As a result, the valve body 3 slides on the valve seat 4 as the pistons 14 and 15 move in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, and connects the conduit 12 communicating with the suction pipe 28 connected to the compressor 34. The other conduit is communicated with one of the conduits 11 and 13 on both sides, and the other conduit is opened to the high-pressure chamber 16.

尚、上記導管１１〜１３と、フランジ継手７〜９の弁本体２への組み込みにあたっては、まず、フランジ継手７〜９に導管３１、２８、３２をろう付けし、その後、フランジ継手７〜９に導管１１〜１３を装着し、最後にフランジ継手７〜９を弁本体２に装着する。   In order to incorporate the conduits 11 to 13 and the flange joints 7 to 9 into the valve body 2, first, the conduits 31, 28 and 32 are brazed to the flange joints 7 to 9, and then the flange joints 7 to 9 are joined. The conduits 11 to 13 are attached to the valve body, and finally the flange joints 7 to 9 are attached to the valve body 2.

上記構成を有する四方切換弁１は、図１に示すように、空調機器において冷媒の流れを冷房と暖房に切り換える場合に使用される。このとき、圧縮機３４から吐出された高温の気体状の冷媒が吐出管２５を介して導管１１の内部を流れて導管３１から熱交換機３８に至るとともに、熱交換機３９から排出された低温の気体状の冷媒が導管３２を介して導管１３及び導管１２の内部を流れ、吸入管２８を通って圧縮機３４に至る。   As shown in FIG. 1, the four-way switching valve 1 having the above-described configuration is used when the refrigerant flow is switched between cooling and heating in an air conditioner. At this time, the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 34 flows through the inside of the conduit 11 through the discharge pipe 25 to reach the heat exchanger 38 from the conduit 31 and is discharged from the heat exchanger 39. The refrigerant flows in the conduit 13 and the conduit 12 through the conduit 32 and reaches the compressor 34 through the suction pipe 28.

ここで、導管１１と導管１２は、互いに近接しているが、導管１１〜１３は、樹脂又はセラミックからなるため、熱伝導率が低く、導管１１を流れる高温の気体状冷媒と、導管１２を流れる低温の気体状冷媒との熱交換を最小限に抑えることができ、冷凍サイクルの効率の低下を回避することができる。   Here, the conduit 11 and the conduit 12 are close to each other. However, since the conduits 11 to 13 are made of resin or ceramic, the thermal conductivity is low, and the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing in the conduit 11 and the conduit 12 are connected. Heat exchange with the flowing low-temperature gaseous refrigerant can be minimized, and a decrease in the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be avoided.

また、弁体３が弁座４上を左方へ移動し、圧縮機３４から吐出された高温の気体状の冷媒が吐出管２５を介して導管１３の内部を流れて導管３２から熱交換機３９に至るとともに、熱交換機３８から排出された低温の気体状の冷媒が導管３１を介して導管１１及び導管１２の内部を流れ、吸入管２８を通って圧縮機３４に至る場合も、上記と同様に、導管１２と導管１３は互いに近接しているが、導管１１〜１３は樹脂又はセラミックからなるため、熱伝導率が低く、導管１３を流れる高温の気体状冷媒と、導管１２を流れる低温の気体状冷媒との熱交換を最小限に抑えることができ、冷凍サイクルの効率の低下を回避することができる。   In addition, the valve body 3 moves to the left on the valve seat 4, and the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 34 flows through the inside of the conduit 13 through the discharge pipe 25, and from the conduit 32 to the heat exchanger 39. In the same manner as described above, the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the heat exchanger 38 flows through the conduit 11 and the conduit 12 through the conduit 31 and reaches the compressor 34 through the suction pipe 28. In addition, although the conduit 12 and the conduit 13 are close to each other, the conduits 11 to 13 are made of resin or ceramic, so that the thermal conductivity is low, and the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing in the conduit 13 and the low-temperature flowing in the conduit 12 are low. Heat exchange with the gaseous refrigerant can be minimized, and a decrease in the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be avoided.

尚、上記実施の形態においては、本発明にかかる四方切換弁１を空調機器に用いる場合を例にとって説明したが、空調機器以外にも、冷凍機器等他の可逆冷凍サイクルを利用した機器、さらには、冷凍サイクルを利用した機器以外にも、流体を四方に切り換える必要がある機器に使用することができる。   In the above embodiment, the case where the four-way switching valve 1 according to the present invention is used in an air conditioner has been described as an example. However, in addition to the air conditioner, a device using another reversible refrigeration cycle such as a refrigeration device, Can be used not only for equipment using a refrigeration cycle, but also for equipment that needs to switch the fluid in all directions.

１ 四方切換弁
２ 弁本体
２ａ、２ｂ 栓体
３ 弁体
３ａ 連通用凹部
３ｂ 鍔部
４ 弁座
６〜９ フランジ継手
１１〜１３ 導管
１４、１５ ピストン
１６ 高圧室
１７ 連結板
１７ａ 孔
１８、１９ 作動室
２０、２１ ボルト
２３、２４ 導管
２５ 吐出管
２６〜２８ 導管
３４ 圧縮機
３５ 四方切換パイロット弁
３８、３９ 熱交換機 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Four-way switching valve 2 Valve body 2a, 2b Plug body 3 Valve body 3a Communication recessed part 3b Ridge part 4 Valve seat 6-9 Flange joints 11-13 Pipe | tube 14, 15 Piston 16 High pressure chamber 17 Connecting plate 17a Hole 18, 19 Actuation Chambers 20, 21 Bolts 23, 24 Conduit 25 Discharge pipes 26-28 Conduit 34 Compressor 35 Four-way switching pilot valves 38, 39 Heat exchanger

Claims (2)

密閉空間を有する弁本体と、該弁本体の一側部に連結され、前記密閉空間と連通する第１導管と、前記弁本体の他側部に連結され、前記密閉空間と連通する第２導管と、該第２導管を挟んで両側に各々隣接して配置され、前記密閉空間と連通する第３及び第４導管と、前記弁本体内において前記第２乃至第４導管の各々に連通する開口部を有する弁座と、該弁座に摺動可能に配置された弁体とを備え、該弁体を一方向又は他方向に摺動させることにより、前記第１導管と前記第３導管との間、又は前記第１導管と前記第４導管との間の連通状態が選択的に切り換えられる四方切換弁において、
前記第２導管、第３導管及び第４導管を樹脂又はセラミックで形成したことを特徴とする四方切換弁。 A valve body having a sealed space, a first conduit connected to one side of the valve body and communicating with the sealed space, and a second conduit connected to the other side of the valve body and communicating with the sealed space A third and a fourth conduit that are arranged adjacent to each other on both sides of the second conduit and communicate with the sealed space, and an opening that communicates with each of the second to fourth conduits in the valve body. A valve seat having a portion, and a valve body slidably disposed on the valve seat, and by sliding the valve body in one direction or the other direction, the first conduit and the third conduit Or a four-way switching valve in which a communication state between the first conduit and the fourth conduit is selectively switched,
The four-way switching valve, wherein the second conduit, the third conduit, and the fourth conduit are formed of resin or ceramic. 前記第２導管、第３導管及び第４導管の各々は、金属製フランジ継手に圧入されて前記弁本体に固定されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の四方切換弁。   2. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein each of the second conduit, the third conduit, and the fourth conduit is press-fitted into a metal flange joint and fixed to the valve body.
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CN110529444A (en) * 2018-05-23 2019-12-03 浙江三花制冷集团有限公司 A kind of reversal valve and the refrigeration system using the reversal valve

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