JP2012149000A - Immunostimulant, food containing the same, and pharmaceutical composition - Google Patents

Immunostimulant, food containing the same, and pharmaceutical composition Download PDF

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JP2012149000A
JP2012149000A JP2011008159A JP2011008159A JP2012149000A JP 2012149000 A JP2012149000 A JP 2012149000A JP 2011008159 A JP2011008159 A JP 2011008159A JP 2011008159 A JP2011008159 A JP 2011008159A JP 2012149000 A JP2012149000 A JP 2012149000A
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immunostimulant
extract
hsv
water
infection
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Masahiko Kurokawa
昌彦 黒川
Wataru Watanabe
渡 渡辺
Tetsuo Yamazaki
哲郎 山▲崎▼
Kiyo Nagatomo
聖代 永友
Masahiro Hayashi
雅弘 林
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JUNSEI EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Miyazaki Prefecture
University of Miyazaki NUC
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JUNSEI EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Miyazaki Prefecture
University of Miyazaki NUC
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immunostimulant which is derived from an ocean biomass resource, and can stimulate living-organism immunity protection capability, and to provide food containing the same and a pharmaceutical composition.SOLUTION: The immunostimulant is characterized by containing extracts from one or plurality of fishes belonging to one of seriola carangidae perciformes, sujidara department gadiformes genus sokotara, and tojin department gadiformes genus sokotara, or from a part of the extracts, and by having activity for increasing an immunity reaction in an animal inflected with herpes simplex virus (HSV). There are also provided the food containing the immunostimulant and the pharmaceutical composition.

Description

本発明は、新規な免疫賦活剤ならびにこれを含む食品および医薬組成物に関する。   The present invention relates to a novel immunostimulant and foods and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same.

近年、少子・高齢化が社会的問題となり、高齢者はもとより多くの国民のQOL(Quality of Life)向上の一環として、健康管理やその増進のために手軽に入手できる健康食品が注目されている。しかし多くの場合、健康食品の有効性に関する科学的根拠は乏しく、真のQOL維持のためにその有効性が正しく評価されることが大切である。また、「21世紀は感染症の世紀」と言われるように、鳥インフルエンザウィルス感染、BSE(牛海綿状脳症)、HIV(ヒト免疫不全ウィルス)感染やSARS(重症急性呼吸器症候群)ウィルス感染の脅威は、感染防御がもはや単一国での対策の域を超え地球規模での対応の必要性を知らしめている。地域的にも細菌感染(O157感染やレジオネラ菌感染)と同様にノロウィルスやHTLV−I(I型ヒトTリンパ球好性ウィルス)等のウィルス感染が問題となり感染症に対する危惧感が高まっている。   In recent years, declining birthrate and aging have become a social issue, and as a part of improving QOL (Quality of Life) of elderly people as well as elderly people, health foods that can be easily obtained for health management and promotion are attracting attention. . However, in many cases, the scientific basis for the effectiveness of health foods is poor, and it is important that their effectiveness be properly evaluated to maintain true QOL. In addition, as it is said that the 21st century is the century of infectious diseases, avian influenza virus infection, BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy), HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection and SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) virus infection The threats point to the need for a global response where infection protection is no longer beyond a single country. In addition to bacterial infections (O157 infection and Legionella infection), virus infections such as norovirus and HTLV-I (type I human T lymphocyte-favorable virus) are becoming a problem in the region and there is a growing concern about infectious diseases. .

ウィルス性疾患の治療に各種の抗ウィルス剤が使用されていることはよく知られている。例えば、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)感染症の治療剤としては、アシクロビル等の抗ウィルス剤が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。アシクロビルは、ウィルスDNAポリメラーゼを阻害することによりウィルスの増殖を抑制することにより薬理作用を発揮している。   It is well known that various antiviral agents are used for the treatment of viral diseases. For example, antiviral agents such as acyclovir are known as therapeutic agents for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Acyclovir exerts its pharmacological action by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase to inhibit viral growth.

また、細胞性免疫を増強し、ウィルス感染症を治療しようとするアプローチも存在する。例えば、非特許文献1には、葛根湯の服用により細胞性免疫を増強させ、HSV感染症を治療した事例が紹介されている。   There are also approaches that seek to enhance cellular immunity and treat viral infections. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 introduces an example in which cellular immunity is enhanced by taking Kakkonto to treat HSV infection.

特許第1090820号公報Japanese Patent No. 1090820

第53回日本東洋医学会学術総会報告、Oriental Medicine in Kanagawa、第1巻、第1号、2002年7月20日、株式会社フォーライフメディカ、http://homepage2.nifty.com/forlifemed/toyoigaku.pdf53rd Annual Meeting of the Oriental Medicine Society of Japan, Oriental Medicine in Kanagawa, Volume 1, Issue 1, July 20, 2002, For Life Medica, http://homepage2.nifty.com/forlifemed/toyoigaku .pdf

ウィルスの感染者の中で特に免疫弱者、すなわち、高齢者や様々な基礎疾患を持つすべての年齢層の患者、乳児、妊婦などでは症状が重篤化する場合が多く、死亡する例も少なくない。こうした症状の重篤化は、免疫弱者のウィルス感染防御に関わる宿主免疫能力の低下によるところが大きいと考えられる。現代医療は大きく進展し、多くのウィルス感染症に対する治療法が確立されようとしている。しかし、「予防は治療に勝る」の格言にもあるように、高齢化社会へ進みつつある現代では日常での自らのQOLの維持、向上を念頭とした感染症に対する予防的配慮が必要である。このため、様々な感染症に対応できるようにするために、免疫賦活作用のある食品やサプリメントの摂取は感染時の早期治療やその後の病状の進行、予後を良好にすると考えられる。しかしながら、抗ウィルス活性や免疫賦活作用を有する食品素材含有成分の探索および活用については未だ十分になされていないのが現状である。   Symptoms often become severe and often die in the virus-infected population, especially those who are immunocompromised, that is, elderly people, patients of all ages with various underlying diseases, infants, and pregnant women. . The seriousness of these symptoms is thought to be largely due to a decline in host immunity related to defense against viral infection of vulnerable individuals. Modern medicine is making great progress, and treatments for many viral infections are being established. However, as the saying “Prevention is better than treatment” is advancing into an aging society, it is necessary to take preventive measures against infectious diseases with the aim of maintaining and improving their own daily QOL. . For this reason, in order to be able to cope with various infectious diseases, it is considered that the intake of foods and supplements having an immunostimulatory effect improves the early treatment at the time of infection, the progression of the subsequent medical condition, and the prognosis. However, the current situation is that the search and utilization of food material-containing components having antiviral activity and immunostimulatory action have not yet been made sufficiently.

本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、海洋性バイオマス資源に由来し、生体免疫防護能を賦活できる免疫賦活剤、ならびにこれを含む食品および医薬組成物を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an immunostimulant derived from marine biomass resources and capable of activating the bioimmunity protection ability, and a food and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. To do.

本発明は、下記の(1)から(3)に記載の免疫賦活剤、下記の(4)に記載の食品、および下記の(5)に記載の医薬組成物を提供することにより上記課題を解決するものである。
(1)スズキ目アジ科ブリ属、タラ目ソコタラ科スジダラ属、およびタラ目ソコタラ科トウジン属のいずれかに属する1または複数の魚類の魚体またはその一部からの抽出物を含み、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有する免疫賦活剤。
(2)脾臓細胞におけるインターフェロンγの産生能を増強させる活性を有する上記(1)記載の免疫賦活剤。
(3)前記魚類が、ブリ(Seriola quinqueradiata)、イトダラ(Hymenocephalus lethonemus)、スジダラ(Hymenocephalus striatissimus)、ヤリヒゲ(Caelorinchus multispinulosus)からなる群より選択される上記(1)または(2)記載の免疫賦活剤。
(4)前記抽出物が、ブリ卵巣からのエタノール抽出物、イトダラ頭部および内臓からのエタノール抽出物および水抽出物、スジダラからのエタノール抽出物および水抽出物、ならびにヤリヒゲ筋肉および骨からのエタノール抽出物からなる群より選択される1または複数である上記(1)から(3)のいずれか1項記載の免疫賦活剤。
The present invention provides the immunostimulant described in (1) to (3) below, the food described in (4) below, and the pharmaceutical composition described in (5) below. It is a solution.
(1) A herpes simplex virus comprising an extract from a fish body or a part of one or a plurality of fish belonging to any one of the genus Periwinkle, Codidae, Coxidae, and Copteraceae An immunostimulant having an activity of enhancing an immune response in an animal infected with (HSV).
(2) The immunostimulant according to (1) above, which has an activity of enhancing the ability to produce interferon γ in spleen cells.
(3) The immunostimulant according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the fish is selected from the group consisting of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata), Japanese cod (Hymenocephalus lethonemus), white-tailed (Hymenocephalus striatissimus), and lizard (Caelorinchus multispinulosus). .
(4) The extract comprises an ethanol extract from yellowtail ovary, an ethanol extract and water extract from damselfish head and internal organs, an ethanol extract and water extract from sedgefish, and ethanol from spear muscles and bones 4. The immunostimulator according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the immunostimulant is one or more selected from the group consisting of extracts.

(5)上記(1)から(4)のいずれか1項記載の免疫賦活剤を含む食品。   (5) A food containing the immunostimulator according to any one of (1) to (4) above.

(6)上記(1)から(4)のいずれか1項記載の免疫賦活剤を含む医薬組成物。   (6) A pharmaceutical composition comprising the immunostimulator according to any one of (1) to (4) above.

本発明の免疫賦活剤は、食経験のある魚類の魚体またはその一部からの抽出物を含み、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有している。そのため、本発明は、安全性が高く、HSV感染症の治療および予防効果を有する免疫賦活剤を提供できる。特に、抽出源として、食品加工プロセスから排出される魚腸骨等の魚体の一部を利用する場合には、未利用資源や食品廃棄物の有効活用を図ることもできる。また、本発明の免疫賦活剤は、免疫賦活作用のある食品やサプリメントとして摂取することが可能であり、HSV感染時の早期治療やその後の病状の進行、予後を良好にする上で有益である。   The immunostimulant of the present invention contains an extract from a fish body or part of a fish with experience of eating, and has an activity of enhancing an immune response in an animal infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV). Therefore, this invention can provide the immunostimulant which has high safety | security and has the treatment and prevention effect of HSV infection. In particular, when a part of a fish body such as fish iliac discharged from a food processing process is used as an extraction source, it is possible to effectively use unused resources and food waste. In addition, the immunostimulant of the present invention can be taken as a food or supplement having an immunostimulatory effect, and is beneficial for improving early treatment at the time of HSV infection, progression of the subsequent medical condition, and prognosis. .

ブリ卵巣水溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの皮膚病変形成の遅延効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the delay effect of the skin lesion formation of the HSV transdermally infected mouse | mouth by a yellow ovary water-soluble fraction. イトダラ水溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの皮膚病変形成の遅延効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the delay effect of the skin lesion formation of the HSV transdermally infected mouse | mouth by a water-soluble fraction of damselfly. ブリ卵巣水溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの遅延型過敏反応の増強効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the enhancement effect of the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction of the HSV transdermally infected mouse | mouth by a yellow ovary water-soluble fraction. イトダラ水溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの遅延型過敏反応の増強効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the enhancement effect of the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction of the HSV percutaneous infection mouse | mouth by a water-soluble fraction of damselfly. イトダラ水溶性画分および脂溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの脾臓細胞におけるインターフェロンγ産生の増強効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the enhancement effect of interferon-gamma production in the spleen cell of the HSV transdermally infected mouse | mouth by a water-soluble fraction and a lipid soluble fraction. スジダラ水溶性画分および脂溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの脾臓細胞におけるインターフェロンγ産生の増強効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the enhancement effect of interferon-gamma production in the spleen cell of a HSV transdermally infected mouse | mouth by a water-soluble fraction and a fat-soluble fraction. ヤリヒゲ脂溶性画分によるHSV経皮感染マウスの脾臓細胞におけるインターフェロンγ産生の増強効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the enhancement effect of interferon-gamma production in the spleen cell of the HSV transdermally infected mouse | mouth by a spear bee fat-soluble fraction.

以下、本発明を具現化した実施の形態について説明する。本発明の一実施の形態に係る免疫賦活剤(以下、「免疫賦活剤」と略称する場合がある。)は、スズキ目(Perciformes)アジ科(Carangidae)ブリ属(Seriola)、タラ目(Gadiformes)ソコタラ科(Macrouridae)スジダラ属(Hymenocephalus)、およびタラ目ソコタラ科トウジン属(Caelorinchus)のいずれかに属する1または複数の魚類の魚体またはその一部からの抽出物を含み、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有する1または複数の化合物を有効成分として含有している。   Hereinafter, embodiments embodying the present invention will be described. The immunostimulant according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “immunostimulator”) is Perciformes, Carangidae, Seriola, Cod (Gadiformes). ) A herpes simplex virus (HSV) comprising an extract from one or more fish bodies or parts thereof belonging to any of the family Macrorouridae Hymenocephalus and Caelorinchus 1) One or a plurality of compounds having an activity to enhance the immune response in animals infected with

抽出源となる魚類は、上記の条件を満たしている限り、任意のものを用いることができるが、入手の容易さや安定供給の観点から、水産資源として一定量の水揚げを有する魚類であることが好ましい。免疫賦活剤の抽出源として好ましく用いることができる魚類の具体例としては、下記のものが挙げられる。なお、下記に列挙した魚類には、これらの亜種も含まれ、地域によって異なる名称で呼称される場合もあるため、学名を併記する。   Any fish can be used as an extraction source as long as the above-described conditions are satisfied. However, from the viewpoint of availability and stable supply, the fish may have a certain amount of landing as a fishery resource. preferable. Specific examples of fish that can be preferably used as an extraction source of an immunostimulant include the following. The fish listed below includes these subspecies and may be called with different names depending on the region.

スズキ目(Perciformes)アジ科(Carangidae)ブリ属(Seriola)に属するもの:ブリ(地域により、大きさや起源(天然、養殖)に応じて、モジャコ、ツバス、ハマチ、ワラサ等の異名で呼称されている。Seriola quinqueradiata)、ヒラマサ(Seriola lalandi)、カンパチ(Seriola dumerili)、ヒレナガカンパチ(Seriola rivoliana)   Perciformes belonging to the genus Carangidae (Seriola): yellowtail (named by common names such as Mojaco, Tubas, Hamachi, Warasa, etc., depending on the region, size and origin (natural, aquaculture) Seriola quinqueradiata, Seriola lalandi, Seriola dumerili, Seriola rivoliana

タラ目(Gadiformes)ソコタラ科(Macrouridae)スジダラ属(Hymenocephalus)に属するもの:イトダラ(Hymenocephalus lethonemus)、スジダラ(Hymenocephalus striatissimus)   Species belonging to the order of Gadiformes, Macrorouridae, Hymenocephalus: Hydenocephalus lethonemus, Hydenocephalus striatissimus

タラ目(Gadiformes)ソコタラ科(Macrouridae)トウジン属(Caelorinchus)に属するもの:ヤリヒゲ(Caelorinchus multispinulosus)   Gadiformes (Macroridae) belonging to the genus Caelorinchus: Sparrow beard (Caelorinchus multispinulosus)

魚類は、魚体全体を抽出に供してもよいが、特定の部位のみを分離し被抽出物として用いてもよい。抽出に供する魚体の一部としては、頭部、皮、ヒレ、内臓、骨、筋肉等が挙げられる。未利用資源の有効活用の観点からは、食品加工プロセスから排出されるアラ、中落ち等を好ましく用いることもできる。抽出効率の向上等のために、必要に応じて、被抽出物を適当な大きさに切断、粉砕する等の前処理を行ってもよい。切断、粉砕には、フードカッター、ホモジナイザー、フードプロセッサー等の任意の公知の手段および方法を用いることができる。さらに、前処理として、余分な水分を除去するために凍結乾燥等の乾燥処理を行ってもよい。   For fish, the whole fish body may be subjected to extraction, but only a specific part may be separated and used as an extract. Examples of the fish body to be extracted include the head, skin, fins, internal organs, bones and muscles. From the viewpoint of effective use of unused resources, it is possible to preferably use ara, discharged from the food processing process. In order to improve extraction efficiency or the like, pretreatment such as cutting and pulverizing the material to be extracted into an appropriate size may be performed as necessary. For the cutting and pulverization, any known means and method such as a food cutter, a homogenizer, and a food processor can be used. Further, as a pretreatment, a drying treatment such as freeze-drying may be performed in order to remove excess moisture.

魚類からの免疫賦活剤の抽出には、抽出対象となる成分の溶解性等に応じて、水および任意の有機溶媒を適宜用いることができる。溶媒は単独で用いてもよく、相溶性を有する任意の2種類以上の溶媒を混合して用いてもよい。   For extraction of the immunostimulant from fish, water and any organic solvent can be appropriately used depending on the solubility of the component to be extracted. A solvent may be used independently and may mix and use arbitrary 2 or more types of solvents which have compatibility.

水溶性成分の抽出に用いる水は純水でもよいが、食品添加物として認められているエタノールなどの有機溶媒を水と混合したものを用いてもよい(以下、混合溶媒についても「水」という場合がある。)。或いは、抽出効率を向上させるために、必要に応じて、酸、塩基、塩等を適宜含んでいてもよい。抽出に用いる水の温度及びpHについては特に制限はないが、pHについては、生体への使用を考慮して中性付近、より具体的にはpH4〜9であることが好ましく、6〜8であることがより好ましい。   The water used for the extraction of the water-soluble component may be pure water, or may be a mixture of water and an organic solvent such as ethanol that is recognized as a food additive (hereinafter, the mixed solvent is also referred to as “water” May be.) Or in order to improve extraction efficiency, an acid, a base, a salt, etc. may be included suitably as needed. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the temperature and pH of the water used for extraction, About pH, it is preferable that it is near neutrality in consideration of the use to a biological body, More specifically, it is pH 4-9, 6-8 More preferably.

脂溶性成分の抽出に用いる有機溶媒の具体例としては、エタノール、2−プロパノール、1−ブタノール等のアルコール系溶媒、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、アセトニトリル、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、N−メチルピロリドン等の非プロトン性極性溶媒、n−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等のパラフィン系溶媒、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン等のハロゲン化アルキル系溶媒、酢酸エチル、乳酸エチル等のエステル系溶媒、およびこれらの混合溶媒等が挙げられる。   Specific examples of the organic solvent used for the extraction of the fat-soluble component include alcohol solvents such as ethanol, 2-propanol and 1-butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). ), Aprotic polar solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidone, paraffinic solvents such as n-hexane and cyclohexane, alkyl halide solvents such as dichloromethane and dichloroethane, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate, and these A mixed solvent etc. are mentioned.

溶媒による抽出は任意の公知の方法により行うことができ、例えば、被抽出物を溶媒中で所定時間混合またはホモジナイズ後、ろ過、遠心分離、デカンテーション等により固形分と分離する方法、ソックスレー抽出法等の連続抽出法等の方法を用いることができる。   Extraction with a solvent can be performed by any known method. For example, a method in which an extract is mixed or homogenized in a solvent for a predetermined time and then separated from solids by filtration, centrifugation, decantation, etc., Soxhlet extraction method A method such as a continuous extraction method can be used.

魚類の抽出物は、抽出液のままの状態で用いてもよいが、凍結乾燥法またはスプレードライ法によって粉末化したものを用いてもよい。なお、抽出溶媒として有機溶媒を用いる場合は、減圧蒸留等により溶媒を除去することが好ましい。いずれの場合においても、必要に応じて、高分子量成分や不溶分等を除去するために、透析、限外ろ過、ろ過、カラムクロマトグラフィー等による前処理を行ってもよい。ろ過による除去の場合には、必要に応じて、不純物を除去するために活性炭、ベントナイト、セライト等の吸着剤やろ過助剤を添加してもよい。特に抽出液の状態で用いる場合には、メンブレンフィルター等による除菌ろ過を併せて行うことが好ましい。   The fish extract may be used in the state of the extract, or may be used that has been pulverized by freeze drying or spray drying. In addition, when using an organic solvent as an extraction solvent, it is preferable to remove a solvent by vacuum distillation etc. In any case, pretreatment by dialysis, ultrafiltration, filtration, column chromatography or the like may be performed as necessary in order to remove high molecular weight components, insoluble components, and the like. In the case of removal by filtration, an adsorbent such as activated carbon, bentonite, or celite or a filter aid may be added as necessary to remove impurities. In particular, when used in the state of an extract, it is preferable to perform sterilization filtration using a membrane filter or the like.

抽出物は、必要に応じて単離精製してもよい。単離精製には、再結晶、再沈殿、カラムクロマトグラフィー、分取薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)、分取液体クロマトグラフィー等の任意の公知の方法を用いて行うことができる。単離精製した各成分の活性は、後述するアッセイ方法を用いて確認することができる。必要に応じて、医薬および食品分野において許容される塩、誘導体または溶媒和物等に変換してもよい。   The extract may be isolated and purified as necessary. Isolation and purification can be performed using any known method such as recrystallization, reprecipitation, column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC), or preparative liquid chromatography. The activity of each isolated and purified component can be confirmed using the assay method described below. If necessary, it may be converted into a salt, derivative or solvate acceptable in the pharmaceutical and food fields.

医薬および食品分野において許容される塩としては、生体に対し無害な酸及び塩基と塩を形成した任意の塩を使用することができる。このような塩の具体例としては、(1)塩酸塩、硫酸塩、リン酸塩、二リン酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、硝酸塩等の無機酸塩、(2)酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、マレイン酸塩、フマル酸塩、酒石酸塩、マロン酸塩、コハク酸塩、クエン酸塩、乳酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、p−トルエンスルホン酸塩、サリチル酸塩、シュウ酸塩、ステアリン酸塩、アスコルビン酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、アジピン酸塩、グルコン酸塩等の有機酸塩、(3)ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、マグネシウム塩、カルシウム塩等の金属塩、(4)アンモニウム塩、ピリジニウム塩、塩基性アミノ酸との塩等の有機塩基との塩が挙げられる。或いは、いわゆる分子内塩(双性イオン:Zwitter ion)を形成していてもよい。   As a salt acceptable in the pharmaceutical and food fields, any salt that forms a salt with an acid and base that are harmless to a living body can be used. Specific examples of such salts include (1) inorganic acid salts such as hydrochlorides, sulfates, phosphates, diphosphates, hydrobromides, nitrates, and (2) acetates and propionates. , Maleate, fumarate, tartrate, malonate, succinate, citrate, lactate, methanesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, salicylate, oxalate, stearate, Organic acid salts such as ascorbate, malate, adipate and gluconate, (3) metal salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium salts, (4) ammonium, pyridinium and base And salts with organic bases such as salts with functional amino acids. Alternatively, a so-called inner salt (Zwitter ion) may be formed.

医薬および食品分野において許容される誘導体としては、生体に対し無害な他の化合物との反応生成物であり、生体において酵素分解を受け、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有する化合物を生成することができるものであれば、任意の誘導体を使用することができる。誘導体の具体例としては、N−アシルアミド、O−アルキルエステル等が挙げられる。また、医薬および食品分野において許容される溶媒和物としては、水和物が挙げられる。   Derivatives that are acceptable in the field of medicine and food are reaction products with other compounds that are harmless to the living body, and are enzymatically degraded in the living body to enhance the immune response in animals infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) Any derivative can be used as long as it can produce a compound having the activity to be produced. Specific examples of the derivative include N-acylamide, O-alkyl ester and the like. Moreover, a hydrate is mentioned as a solvate accept | permitted in the pharmaceutical and foodstuff field | area.

免疫賦活剤は、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有している。HSV感染マウスにおける細胞性免疫が増強される結果、HSVに経皮感染した動物における皮膚病変の進展の遅延、神経痛等の神経症状の緩和、死亡率の低下、HSV経皮感染動物の主な宿主免疫防護反応であるHSV抗原に対する遅発性免疫反応の増強、遅発性免疫反応を誘導する脾臓細胞におけるインターフェロンγの産生能の増強等が観測される。   The immunostimulant has the activity of enhancing the immune response in animals infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV). As a result of the enhancement of cellular immunity in HSV-infected mice, the delay in the development of skin lesions in animals infected with HSV, alleviation of neurological symptoms such as neuralgia, reduction in mortality, and the main host of HSV-infected animals Enhancement of delayed immune response to HSV antigen, which is an immunoprotective reaction, enhancement of interferon γ production ability in spleen cells that induce delayed immune response, etc. are observed.

免疫賦活剤を含む食品としては、免疫賦活剤をそのまま食品として調製したもの、他の食品に添加したもの、或いは、カプセル、錠剤等、食品又は健康食品に通常用いられる任意の形態をとることができる。配合される食品の種類に特に制限はなく、用途に応じて、粉末、顆粒、錠剤等の形に成形してもよい。また、必要に応じて、賦形剤、増量剤、結合剤、増粘剤、乳化剤、着色料、香料、食品添加物、調味料等と適宜混合してもよい。   The food containing the immunostimulant may take any form normally used for foods or health foods such as those prepared by adding the immunostimulators as food, added to other foods, capsules, tablets, etc. it can. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the kind of foodstuff mix | blended, You may shape | mold into shapes, such as a powder, a granule, and a tablet, according to a use. Moreover, you may mix suitably with an excipient | filler, a filler, a binder, a thickener, an emulsifier, a coloring agent, a fragrance | flavor, a food additive, a seasoning etc. as needed.

また、ヒトの消費に供する食品以外にも、免疫賦活剤を飼料中に混合して、家畜、ペット等の動物に投与する場合には、予め飼料の原料中に混合して、機能性を付与した飼料として調製することができる。また、免疫賦活剤を飼料に添加して投与することもできる。すなわち、免疫賦活剤を有効成分として含む食品は、ブタ、ニワトリ、ウシ、ウマ、ヒツジ等の家畜や、魚類、ペット(イヌ、ネコ、鳥類)等の飼料に添加することにより、安全で、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有する機能性飼料として用いることができる。   In addition to food for human consumption, when an immunostimulant is mixed in feed and administered to animals such as livestock and pets, it is mixed with feed ingredients in advance to provide functionality. Can be prepared as a finished feed. Moreover, an immunostimulant can also be added and administered to feed. That is, food containing an immunostimulant as an active ingredient is safe and simple by adding it to livestock such as pigs, chickens, cows, horses and sheep, and feed such as fish and pets (dogs, cats and birds). It can be used as a functional feed having an activity to enhance the immune response in animals infected with herpes virus (HSV).

免疫賦活剤を担体等と混合することにより、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有する医薬組成物として用いることができる。医薬組成物のヒト或いは動物に対する投与形態としては、経口、経直腸、非経口(例えば、静脈内投与、筋肉内投与、皮下投与など)等が挙げられ、投与量は、医薬組成物の製剤形態、投与方法、使用目的及びこれに適用される投与対象の年齢、体重、症状によって適宜設定され一義的に決定することは困難であるが、ヒトの場合、一般には製剤中に含有される有効成分の量で、好ましくは成人1日当り0.1〜2000mg/kgである。もちろん投与量は、種々の条件によって変動するので、上記投与量より少ない量で十分な場合もあるし、或いは範囲を超えて必要な場合もある。   By mixing an immunostimulant with a carrier or the like, it can be used as a pharmaceutical composition having an activity to enhance the immune response in animals infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV). Examples of the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition for humans or animals include oral, rectal, parenteral (for example, intravenous administration, intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, etc.), and the dosage is the formulation of the pharmaceutical composition. However, in the case of humans, the active ingredient generally contained in the formulation is difficult to determine and uniquely determined depending on the administration method, purpose of use, and age, weight, and symptoms of the subject to be applied. The amount is preferably 0.1 to 2000 mg / kg per day for an adult. Of course, since the dosage varies depending on various conditions, an amount smaller than the above dosage may be sufficient, or may be necessary beyond the range.

経口投与製剤として調製する場合は、錠剤、顆粒剤、散剤、カプセル剤、コーティング剤、液剤、懸濁剤等の形態に調製でき、非経口投与製剤にする場合には、注射剤、点滴剤、座薬等の形態に調製することができる。製剤化には、任意の公知の方法を用いることができる。例えば、免疫賦活剤と、製薬学的に許容し得る担体又は希釈剤、安定剤、及びその他の所望の添加剤を配合して、上記の所望の剤形とすることができる。   When it is prepared as an oral preparation, it can be prepared in the form of tablets, granules, powders, capsules, coatings, liquids, suspensions, etc. When it is made into a parenteral preparation, injections, drops, It can be prepared in the form of a suppository or the like. Any known method can be used for formulation. For example, an immunostimulant and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent, a stabilizer, and other desired additives can be blended to obtain the above desired dosage form.

(1)材料と方法
ウィルス
単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)として、野生株HSV-1 7401 Hを使用した。ウィルス保存液は、このウィルスをVero細胞に感染させた後、定法にしたがって調製した(J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995.)。また、ウィルス保存液は、3時間の紫外線照射により不活化し、ウィルス抗原として用いた(J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995.)。
(1) Materials and Methods Virus Wild strain HSV-1 7401 H was used as herpes simplex virus (HSV). A virus stock solution was prepared according to a conventional method after infecting Vero cells with this virus (J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995.). The virus stock solution was inactivated by ultraviolet irradiation for 3 hours and used as a virus antigen (J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995.).

被験物質
[1]前処理
被抽出物として用いる魚体またはその特定部位を適当な大きさに裁断後、骨以外の組織については余分な水分を除去するために凍結乾燥を行った。
[2]エタノール抽出物(脂溶性画分)
上記のように前処理を行った被抽出物の重量の4〜5倍の重量のエタノールを加え、ホモジナイザー中、8000rpmで5分間ホモジナイズした。その後、減圧ろ過を行い、ろ過残渣とろ液を分離した。ろ過残渣をエタノールで洗浄後、洗浄液をろ液と合わせてロータリーエバポレーターでエタノールを減圧留去し、得られた残留物をエタノール抽出物(脂溶性画分)とした。
[3]水抽出物(水溶性画分)
上記のろ過残渣に4〜5倍のろ過残渣の重量の蒸留水を加え、ホモジナイザー中、8000rpmで5分間、次いで3000rpmで10分間ホモジナイズした。冷却遠心分離機(4℃)で遠心分離を行い、上澄みを減圧ろ過後、ろ液を凍結乾燥した。残渣に蒸留水を加え、3000rpmで10分間ホモジナイズ後、遠心分離、上澄みの減圧ろ過、ろ液の凍結乾燥を行った。2つの凍結乾燥物を合わせて、水抽出物(水溶性画分)とした。
Test substance [1] Pretreatment After cutting the fish used as an extract or its specific site into an appropriate size, tissues other than bone were freeze-dried to remove excess water.
[2] Ethanol extract (fat-soluble fraction)
Ethanol having a weight 4 to 5 times the weight of the extract subjected to the pretreatment as described above was added, and homogenized in a homogenizer at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes. Then, it filtered under reduced pressure and isolate | separated the filtration residue and the filtrate. The filtration residue was washed with ethanol, the washing solution was combined with the filtrate, and ethanol was distilled off under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator. The obtained residue was used as an ethanol extract (fat-soluble fraction).
[3] Water extract (water-soluble fraction)
Distilled water having a weight of 4 to 5 times the filtration residue was added to the above filtration residue, and homogenized in a homogenizer at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes and then at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. Centrifugation was performed with a cooling centrifuge (4 ° C.), the supernatant was filtered under reduced pressure, and the filtrate was freeze-dried. Distilled water was added to the residue, and after homogenization at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, centrifugation, supernatant filtration under reduced pressure, and lyophilization of the filtrate were performed. The two lyophilizates were combined into a water extract (water soluble fraction).

被験物質は2%DMSO水溶液に溶解または懸濁し、経口ゾンデを用いて試験動物(後述)に経口投与した。対照群については、上記懸濁液の代わりに2%DMSO水溶液を投与した。   The test substance was dissolved or suspended in a 2% DMSO aqueous solution and orally administered to a test animal (described later) using an oral sonde. For the control group, a 2% DMSO aqueous solution was administered instead of the above suspension.

試験動物
BALB/cマウス(雌性、6週齢、17〜19g、九動株式会社、熊本)は、購入後5日間の検疫・馴化を行った。マウスは1ケージ当たり5〜7匹を入れ、九州保健福祉大学薬学部動物センター飼育室内で飼育した。動物には固形飼料(CE2、日本クレア株式会社)を自由摂取できるように与え、飲料水を自動給水口から自由に与えた。飼育室は温度22±3℃、1日12時間(午前7時〜午後7時点灯)の人工照明に設定した。マウスの飼育に関する詳細は九州保健福祉大学動物実験規則を遵守した。
Test animals BALB / c mice (female, 6 weeks old, 17-19 g, Kudo, Inc., Kumamoto) were quarantined and acclimatized for 5 days after purchase. Mice were housed in the breeding room of Kyushu Health and Welfare University School of Pharmacy, 5-7 mice per cage. The animals were given a solid feed (CE2, Nippon Claire Co., Ltd.) so that they could ingest freely, and drinking water was freely given from the automatic water inlet. The breeding room was set to artificial lighting at a temperature of 22 ± 3 ° C., 12 hours a day (lighted from 7 am to 7 pm). The details regarding the breeding of mice were in accordance with the Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Animal Experiment Rules.

感染実験および抗HSV治療効果の検討(1次スクリーニング)
マウスの右背腹部を、バリカン、化学的除毛剤(除毛クリーム,資生堂)を用いて除毛した。3日後に除毛部分の表皮(5×5mm)を27G皮内針(10本束ねたもの)で乱切し、ウィルス液(106PFU/マウス)を接種した。被験物質は1日3回8時間間隔で、経口ゾンデを用いて1回あたり0.25mL(260〜880mg/kg)を投与した。投与は感染当日を0日として6日目まで行った。感染当日は、感染2時間前に前投与を行い、感染後8時間間隔で2回の経口投与を行った。感染後、皮膚病変と死亡を投与時にあわせて1日3回観察し、以下のような病変スコアに従って皮膚病変の進展を評価した。
Infection experiment and examination of anti-HSV therapeutic effect (primary screening)
The right dorsum of the mouse was depilated using a clipper and a chemical hair remover (hair removal cream, Shiseido). Three days later, the epidermis (5 × 5 mm) of the hair removal portion was cut with a 27G intradermal needle (10 bundles) and inoculated with a virus solution (10 6 PFU / mouse). The test substance was administered 0.25 mL (260-880 mg / kg) once a day using an oral sonde at an interval of 8 hours three times a day. The administration was continued until the 6th day, with the day of infection as day 0. On the day of infection, pre-administration was performed 2 hours before infection, and oral administration was performed twice at 8 hour intervals after infection. After infection, skin lesions and deaths were observed three times a day according to the administration, and the progress of skin lesions was evaluated according to the following lesion scores.

スコア:0;病変なし、2;局所水疱、4;局所びらん、6;軽度帯状皮疹、8;中等度帯状皮疹、10;重度帯状皮疹、12;死亡。 Score: 0; no lesion, 2; local blister, 4; local erosion, 6; mild banding rash, 8; moderate banding rash, 10; severe banding rash, 12;

また、被験物質の毒性を評価するため、感染当日から毎朝体重を測定した(Antiviral Res., 22, 175-188, 1993.)。   In order to evaluate the toxicity of the test substance, body weight was measured every morning from the day of infection (Antiviral Res., 22, 175-188, 1993).

統計解析
各群間の病変の進行状況、体重変化の比較は、感染0日から感染6日の間でrepeated measure ANOVAにより行った。また、各群の水疱、帯状皮疹が形成されるまでの日数および生存日数をStudent's s t-testで有意差検定を行った。これらの検定法でp値が0.05以下を有意とした。
Statistical analysis The progress of lesions and changes in body weight between groups were compared between 0 days to 6 days by repeated measure ANOVA. In addition, the number of days until the formation of blisters and herpes zoster in each group and the number of days of survival were tested for significance by Student's st-test. In these test methods, a p value of 0.05 or less was considered significant.

遅延型過敏反応の増強効果の検討(2次スクリーニング)
マウスにHSV(4×106PFU/マウス)を皮内感染した。被験物質は1日3回上記と同様に経口投与した。感染4日後、紫外線照射して不活化したHSV抗原(4×106PFU/マウス)をフットパット(足蹠)に接種し、抗原接種後、0,24,36,48時間後に、ノギスを用いてフットパットの腫れ具合を測定した(J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995.)。
Examination of enhancement effect of delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (secondary screening)
Mice were infected intradermally with HSV (4 × 10 6 PFU / mouse). The test substance was orally administered three times a day as described above. 4 days after infection, HSV antigen (4 × 10 6 PFU / mouse) inactivated by UV irradiation was inoculated into the footpad (footpad), and calipers were used at 0, 24, 36, and 48 hours after inoculation. The degree of swelling of the foot pad was measured (J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995.).

統計解析
対照群に対する各群の腫れ具合をStudent's s t-testで有意差検定を行った。これらの検定法でp値が0.05以下を有意とした。
Statistical analysis The degree of swelling of each group relative to the control group was tested for significance by Student's st-test. In these test methods, a p value of 0.05 or less was considered significant.

脾臓細胞のインターフェロンγ産生能の増強効果の検討(3次スクリーニング)
上記と同様に、マウスにHSV(4×106PFU/マウス)を皮内感染した。被験物質の投与を行わないで、感染4日後に感染マウス脾臓を摘出し、赤血球を排除するための低張処理を行った後、定法にしたがって脾細胞を調整した。96ウエルプレートに6×105脾細胞/ウエルで細胞を入れ、段階希釈した被験物質を最終濃度が0,0.01,0.03,0.1,0.3,1,3,10μg/mLになるように調整した。さらに、各ウエルに紫外線不活化したHSV抗原(0あるいは2×104PFU/ウエル)を加え(各ウエルの全量は200μL)、24時間37℃で培養した。その後、各プレートを遠心し、各ウエルの上清(150μL)を−20℃で保存した。これらの上清中のインターフェロンγ濃度は、市販のマウスインターフェロンγELISAキットを用いて測定した。最終的に各被験物質濃度において抗原添加群のインターフェロンγ濃度から非添加群のインターフェロンγ濃度を差し引いた値を、被験物質各濃度で増強されたインターフェロンγ濃度として表記した。
Examination of enhancing effect of spleen cells on interferon gamma production (3rd screening)
As above, mice were infected with HSV (4 × 10 6 PFU / mouse) intradermally. Without administering the test substance, the infected mouse spleen was removed 4 days after the infection and subjected to hypotonic treatment for eliminating red blood cells, and then the spleen cells were prepared according to a conventional method. Cells were added to a 96-well plate at 6 × 10 5 spleen cells / well and serially diluted test substances were added at final concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 μg / Adjusted to mL. Furthermore, UVV-inactivated HSV antigen (0 or 2 × 10 4 PFU / well) was added to each well (the total amount of each well was 200 μL), and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours. Thereafter, each plate was centrifuged, and the supernatant (150 μL) of each well was stored at −20 ° C. The interferon γ concentration in these supernatants was measured using a commercially available mouse interferon γ ELISA kit. Finally, the value obtained by subtracting the interferon γ concentration in the non-addition group from the interferon γ concentration in the antigen addition group at each test substance concentration was expressed as the interferon γ concentration enhanced at each test substance concentration.

統計解析
対照群(0μg/mL)に対する各群のインターフェロンγ濃度をStudent's s t-testで有意差検定を行った。これらの検定法でp値が0.05以下を有意とした。
Statistical analysis Interferon γ concentration of each group with respect to the control group (0 μg / mL) was subjected to a significant difference test by Student's st-test. In these test methods, a p value of 0.05 or less was considered significant.

(2)結果と考察
1次スクリーニング
58種の被験物質の抗HSV−1治療効果を、マウスのHSV−1経皮感染モデルを用いて検討した。図1に示すように、非被験物質投与群(対照群)では、感染3〜4日目に水疱(スコア2)、4日目からびらんの形成(スコア4)が認められ、その後びらんが帯状皮疹(スコア6〜8)、潰瘍(スコア10)に変化した。また、感染後6〜8日でほとんどのマウスは死亡(スコア12)した。一方、58の被験物質投与群の中でブリ卵巣水溶性画分投与群では、皮膚病変の進展が有意に遅延した(図1)。また、ブリ卵巣水溶性画分による皮膚病変の遅延は、感染初期における有意な水疱形成時間(感染後4日まで)の遅延であることが明らかとなった(感染後3.6〜4.3日経過時の部分拡大図参照)。さらに、ブリ卵巣水溶性画分の投与により有意な体重減少は認められなかった(データ非表示)。このため、ブリ卵巣水溶性画分の400mg/kgで1日3回の投与ではブリ卵巣水溶性画分に毒性は認められなかった。
(2) Results and discussion Primary screening The anti-HSV-1 therapeutic effect of 58 test substances was examined using a mouse HSV-1 transdermal infection model. As shown in FIG. 1, in the non-test substance administration group (control group), blisters (score 2) were observed on the 3rd to 4th day of infection, and erosion formation (score 4) was observed from the 4th day. It changed to a skin rash (score 6-8) and an ulcer (score 10). Also, most mice died (score 12) 6-8 days after infection. On the other hand, among the 58 test substance administration groups, the development of skin lesions was significantly delayed in the yellow ovary water-soluble fraction administration group (FIG. 1). In addition, it was revealed that the delay of skin lesions due to the water-soluble fraction of yellow ovary is a significant blister formation time (up to 4 days after infection) in the early stage of infection (3.6 to 4.3 after infection). (Refer to the partial enlarged view at the time of the day). Furthermore, no significant weight loss was observed by administration of the water soluble fraction of yellowtail ovary (data not shown). Therefore, no toxicity was observed in the water-soluble fraction of yellowtail ovary when administered at 400 mg / kg of the water-soluble fraction of yellowtail ovary three times a day.

また、イトダラ水溶性(表1)および脂溶性画分(図2)の経口投与により皮膚病変の有意な遅延が認められた。   In addition, a significant delay in skin lesions was observed by oral administration of water soluble (Table 1) and fat-soluble fraction (Fig. 2).

以上の結果、58種中2魚種の海洋性抽出分画が抗HSV治療効果を示すことが確認できた。本感染モデルを用いた以前の実験結果から、この治療効果は、ヒトへの投与量をマウスの投与量に換算した抗HSV薬であるアシクロビルの2.5mg/kg投与に匹敵していた(Antiviral Res., 22, 175-188, 1993.)。   As a result of the above, it was confirmed that the marine extract fraction of 2 fish species out of 58 species showed an anti-HSV therapeutic effect. From the results of previous experiments using this infection model, this therapeutic effect was comparable to the administration of 2.5 mg / kg of acyclovir, an anti-HSV drug converted from a human dose to a mouse dose (Antiviral). Res., 22, 175-188, 1993.).

2次スクリーニング
上記のHSV予防治療効果を示す分画は、感染初期における皮膚病変の進展の遅延に対して有効であった。HSVの皮膚感染系では、感染初期の宿主免疫防護機序として遅延型過敏反応(DTH)が優位に働くと考えられている(J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995)。このため、画分のDTH増強効果を検討した(図3、4)。その結果、ブリ卵巣水溶性画分、イトダラ水溶性画分にDTH反応を強める作用があることが明らかとなった。また、同様の実験を行った結果、イトダラ脂溶性画分にもDTH反応を強める作用があることが確認された。
Secondary screening The fraction showing the effect of preventing and treating HSV described above was effective for delaying the development of skin lesions in the early stage of infection. In the HSV skin infection system, delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DTH) is considered to be dominant as a host immune protection mechanism in the early stage of infection (J. Med. Virol., 46, 28-34, 1995). For this reason, the DTH enhancement effect of the fraction was examined (FIGS. 3 and 4). As a result, it was revealed that the yellow ovary water-soluble fraction and the citrus water-soluble fraction have an action of enhancing the DTH reaction. Moreover, as a result of conducting the same experiment, it was confirmed that the citrus fat-soluble fraction also has an action of enhancing the DTH reaction.

3次スクリーニング
DTHの増強反応は、細胞性免疫の増強と考えられるため、感染マウス内の細胞性免疫増強効果を細胞レベルで検討した。その結果、イトダラ頭部および内臓のエタノール抽出物(イトダラ脂溶性画分)、イトダラ頭部および内臓の水抽出物(イトダラ水溶性画分)、には、スジダラの水抽出物(スジダラ脂溶性画分)、スジダラのエタノール抽出物(スジダラ水溶性画分)、およびヤリヒゲ筋肉および骨のエタノール抽出物(ヤリヒゲ脂溶性画分)には、脾細胞からインターフェロンγ産生を亢進する何らかの物質が含まれている可能性が示唆された(図5〜7参照)。
Tertiary screening Since the enhancement reaction of DTH is considered to enhance cellular immunity, the cellular immunity enhancing effect in infected mice was examined at the cellular level. As a result, it was found that the water extract of sedgefish (water-soluble fraction of sedgefish) was included in the water extract of the sardine head and viscera (water-soluble fraction) and the water extract of sardine head and viscera (water-soluble fraction of sardine). Min), ethanol extract of sedgera (water-soluble fraction of sedge), and ethanol extract of bearded muscle and bone (spear-soluble lipid fraction) contain some substances that enhance interferon gamma production from splenocytes It was suggested that there is a possibility (see FIGS. 5 to 7).

以上の結果をまとめたものを表2に示す。なお、表2において「1次」、「2次」、「3次」は、それぞれ、1次スクリーニング、2次スクリーニング、および3次スクリーニングの結果を表し、「●」および「○」は活性が認められたことを、「×」は活性が認められなかったことを表す。比較のために、上記魚種以外で検討を行った魚種の例として、ソコマトウダイ、イチモンジヒゲおよびヒウチダイからの抽出物(抽出部位および抽出溶媒については表2参照)の結果を合わせて示す。また、酸化ストレスに対する保護作用を有するジペプチドであるカルノシン(N−β−アラニル−L−ヒスチジン)、H-Ala-His-OH、アンセリン(N−メチルカルノシン)についての検討結果を併記する。   Table 2 summarizes the above results. In Table 2, “primary”, “secondary”, and “tertiary” represent the results of primary screening, secondary screening, and tertiary screening, respectively, and “●” and “◯” indicate activity. “×” represents that the activity was not recognized. For comparison, as an example of the fish species examined other than the above-mentioned fish species, the results of the extracts from Socoma daidai, Ichimonjihige and Hachidai (see Table 2 for extraction sites and extraction solvents) are also shown. In addition, the results of studies on carnosine (N-β-alanyl-L-histidine), H-Ala-His-OH, and anserine (N-methylcarnosine), which are dipeptides having a protective action against oxidative stress, are also described.

Claims (6)

スズキ目アジ科ブリ属、タラ目ソコタラ科スジダラ属、およびタラ目ソコタラ科トウジン属のいずれかに属する1または複数の魚類の魚体またはその一部からの抽出物を含み、単純ヘルペスウィルス(HSV)に感染した動物における免疫反応を増強させる活性を有することを特徴とする免疫賦活剤。   Herpes simplex virus (HSV), comprising an extract from one or more fish bodies or parts thereof belonging to any of the genus Periwinkle, Codidae, Codidae, and Copteraceae An immunostimulant characterized by having an activity that enhances an immune response in an animal infected with the animal. 脾臓細胞におけるインターフェロンγの産生能を増強させる活性を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の免疫賦活剤。   The immunostimulant according to claim 1, which has an activity of enhancing the ability to produce interferon γ in spleen cells. 前記魚類が、ブリ(Seriola quinqueradiata)、イトダラ(Hymenocephalus lethonemus)、スジダラ(Hymenocephalus striatissimus)、ヤリヒゲ(Caelorinchus multispinulosus)からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の免疫賦活剤。   3. The immunostimulant according to claim 1, wherein the fish is selected from the group consisting of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata), Japanese cod (Hymenocephalus lethonemus), white-tailed (Hymenocephalus striatissimus), and lizard (Caelorinchus multispinulosus). 前記抽出物が、ブリ卵巣からのエタノール抽出物、イトダラ頭部および内臓からのエタノール抽出物および水抽出物、スジダラからのエタノール抽出物および水抽出物、ならびにヤリヒゲ筋肉および骨からのエタノール抽出物からなる群より選択される1または複数であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項記載の免疫賦活剤。   The extract is from an ethanol extract from yellowtail ovary, an ethanol extract and water extract from damselfish head and internal organs, an ethanol extract and water extract from sedgefish, and an ethanol extract from bearded muscle and bone The immunostimulant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the immunostimulator is one or more selected from the group consisting of: 請求項1から4のいずれか1項記載の免疫賦活剤を含むことを特徴とする食品。   A food comprising the immunostimulant according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項1から4のいずれか1項記載の免疫賦活剤を含むことを特徴とする医薬組成物。   A pharmaceutical composition comprising the immunostimulant according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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