JP2012137351A - Viscometer - Google Patents
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- JP2012137351A JP2012137351A JP2010289213A JP2010289213A JP2012137351A JP 2012137351 A JP2012137351 A JP 2012137351A JP 2010289213 A JP2010289213 A JP 2010289213A JP 2010289213 A JP2010289213 A JP 2010289213A JP 2012137351 A JP2012137351 A JP 2012137351A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、粘度計の運動体に関するもので、特に、粘性応力を受ける面積を拡大した上で、誤差要因となる部分の面積の比率を低減することが必要で、なおかつコンパクトであることが必要とされる場合に、有効な運動体を提供する。 The present invention relates to a moving body of a viscometer, and in particular, it is necessary to reduce the area ratio of the part that causes an error after expanding the area subjected to viscous stress, and to be compact. When it is said, it provides an effective moving body.
従来、振動式粘度計は、液体中で物体を振動させ、その振動の振幅や位相などが、粘性応力によって変化することを利用して、粘度と液体密度の積、あるいは粘度を測定する装置であることが知られている。振動体の形状としては、平板を面に平行な方向に振動させるもの、円柱を軸周りに回転振動させるもの、カンチレバー状の平板を面に垂直な方向に振動させるものなどが知られている。 Conventionally, a vibratory viscometer is a device that measures the product of the viscosity and the liquid density, or the viscosity by utilizing the fact that the amplitude or phase of the vibration changes depending on the viscous stress, by vibrating an object in the liquid. It is known that there is. As the shape of the vibrating body, there are known one that vibrates a flat plate in a direction parallel to the surface, one that rotates a cylinder around an axis, and one that vibrates a cantilever-like flat plate in a direction perpendicular to the surface.
上記の従来技術のうち、振動体の形状が平板で面に平行な方向に振動させるタイプは、平板に厚みがあるため、平板の端部が液体を押しのけるような働きをしてしまい、振動体の共振周波数を変化させる効果や、擬似的に平板の面積を拡大する効果や、擬似的に振動体のばね定数を変化させる効果などの、定式化しがたい誤差要因が発生していた。
また、円柱を軸周りに回転振動させるタイプは、円筒の側面が粘性応力を受ける面積となるが、円柱の端部も粘性応力を受けるため、誤差要因を発生させていた。
カンチレバー状の平板を面に垂直な方向に振動させるタイプは、平板の面全体が液体を押してしまい、粘性応力を受ける面積が、液体の粘度、振動の速度、振幅、液体の密度、弾性率などに依存してしまうため、複雑で普及の実現性は低かった。
本発明は、振動式粘度計における上記の問題点を解決し、端部効果が少なく、高精度な振動式粘度計を実現することを課題とする。
Among the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the type of vibrating body that vibrates in a direction parallel to the surface with a flat plate has a thickness on the flat plate, so that the end of the flat plate works to push liquid away, and the vibrating body There are some error factors that are difficult to formulate, such as the effect of changing the resonance frequency of the plate, the effect of increasing the area of the plate in a pseudo manner, and the effect of changing the spring constant of the vibration member in a pseudo manner.
In the type in which the column is rotated and oscillated around the axis, the side surface of the cylinder is subjected to the viscous stress, but the end of the column is also subjected to the viscous stress, which causes an error factor.
The type that vibrates a cantilever-shaped flat plate in a direction perpendicular to the surface, the entire surface of the flat plate pushes the liquid, and the area subjected to viscous stress is the viscosity of the liquid, the speed of vibration, the amplitude, the density of the liquid, the elastic modulus, etc. It was complicated and the feasibility of popularization was low.
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in a vibration type viscometer and to realize a highly accurate vibration type viscometer with little end effect.
振動体の形状が平板で、面に平行な方向に振動させるタイプの、端部効果を低減するには、平板の厚みを極端に薄くするか、平板の面積を大きくして相対的に厚みの効果を少なくすればよい。構造体としての強度や、耐久性を考慮すると、ある程度の平板の厚みは必要であるため、端部の効果をより小さくするには、平板の面積を増やす必要がある。しかし、平板を大きくすると、測定装置が大型化し、取り扱いや、コスト面で条件が悪くなってしまう。
そこで、本発明の提供する解決策は、平面を、振動に直角な方向に緩やかに曲げ、そのまま渦巻きを形成し、更に、この渦巻きとわずかなギャップを介してもう一つの渦巻きを設置して、二重渦巻き構造とすることで、２つの渦巻きのギャップの液体から粘性応力を受ける構造とすることにより、上記課題を解決するものである。
In order to reduce the edge effect of the type that vibrates in the direction parallel to the surface, the shape of the vibrating body is a flat plate. The effect should be reduced. Considering the strength and durability of the structure, a certain amount of flat plate thickness is necessary. Therefore, in order to reduce the effect of the end portion, it is necessary to increase the area of the flat plate. However, if the flat plate is made larger, the measuring apparatus becomes larger, and the conditions for handling and cost are worsened.
Therefore, the solution provided by the present invention is to gently bend the plane in the direction perpendicular to the vibration, and form a vortex as it is, and further install another vortex through this vortex and a slight gap, By adopting a double spiral structure, the above problem is solved by adopting a structure that receives viscous stress from the liquid in the gap between the two spirals.
すなわち、本発明の粘度計は、液体からの粘性応力を受ける構造体が二重渦巻き構造を有する粘度計であって、二重渦巻き構造の一方は固定され、二重渦巻き構造の他方は渦巻きの中心軸に平行な方向に可動とし、前記二重渦巻き構造の他方を、アクチュエータにより渦巻きの中心軸に平行な方向に移動させることにより、二重渦巻き構造の一方と他方の二つの渦巻きのギャップの液体から粘性応力を受けるようにしたことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記粘度計において、アクチュエータによる移動は、渦巻きの中心軸に平行な方向に振動させてなることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記粘度計において、二重渦巻き構造は、ＭＥＭＳ加工技術やワイヤー放電加工技術を用いて作製された二重渦巻き構造からなることを特徴とする。
That is, the viscometer of the present invention is a viscometer in which a structure that receives viscous stress from a liquid has a double spiral structure, one of the double spiral structure is fixed and the other of the double spiral structure is a spiral. By moving the other side of the double spiral structure in the direction parallel to the central axis of the spiral by an actuator, the gap between one and the other two spirals of the double spiral structure is made movable in a direction parallel to the central axis. It is characterized by receiving viscous stress from the liquid.
In the viscometer according to the present invention, the movement by the actuator is caused to vibrate in a direction parallel to the central axis of the spiral.
In the viscometer, the present invention is characterized in that the double spiral structure is a double spiral structure manufactured using a MEMS processing technique or a wire electric discharge machining technique.
本発明の粘度計は、コンパクトで、端部効果の少ない粘度計測定を実現する。そのため、粘度測定を必要とする産業の多くで、検査業務の低コスト、測定室の省スペース化などが可能になる。 The viscometer of the present invention is compact and realizes viscometer measurement with little end effect. Therefore, in many industries that require viscosity measurement, it is possible to reduce the cost of inspection work and save space in the measurement room.
上記の二重渦巻きの構造を、粘度計として用いるため、本発明の粘度計は、一方の渦巻きを振動させるためのアクチュエータと、渦巻きにかかる粘性応力を測定するための力センサと、変位を検出するための変位計と、渦巻きとアクチュエータと変位センサを保持するための支持体と、試料を入れるための容器と、振動を解析して粘度を算出するための制御装置を備えることを特徴とする。 Since the double vortex structure is used as a viscometer, the viscometer of the present invention includes an actuator for vibrating one vortex, a force sensor for measuring the viscous stress applied to the vortex, and a displacement detection. And a support for holding a spiral, an actuator and a displacement sensor, a container for containing a sample, and a control device for analyzing the vibration and calculating the viscosity. .
図１は、本発明を実施した場合の、粘度計の主要部分である二重渦巻き構造の一例を示した説明図である。二重渦巻き構造は、図１中に示したＡおよびＢの要素に分けられる。ＡおよびＢは数μｍ〜数百μｍのギャップを介して、分離されている。この二重渦巻き構造の全体が液体中に没し、一方が振動することで、相対的な速度差が生まれ、粘性応力が発生する。振動方向は、図１の場合、紙面に対して垂直方向である。
このような二重渦巻き構造を製作する方法としては、切削加工、ワイヤー放電加工、ＭＥＭＳ加工技術などがある。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a double spiral structure which is a main part of a viscometer when the present invention is implemented. The double spiral structure is divided into elements A and B shown in FIG. A and B are separated by a gap of several μm to several hundred μm. When the entire double spiral structure is submerged in the liquid and one of them is vibrated, a relative speed difference is produced, and a viscous stress is generated. In the case of FIG. 1, the vibration direction is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
As a method for manufacturing such a double spiral structure, there are a cutting process, a wire electric discharge process, a MEMS process technique, and the like.
図２は本発明を実施した場合の、粘度計の模式図である。制御装置や電源等は省略されている。二重渦巻き構造は、一方が懸垂用の構造体を介して固定され、他方が懸垂用の構造体を介してアクチュエータに結合されている。
アクチュエータを構成するものとしては、圧電素子や、ボイスコイルモータなどがある。
アクチュエータに結合された渦巻き構造の変位の大きさを測るための変位センサが取り付けられている。変位センサを構成するものとしては、レーザー変位計や、静電容量変位計や、渦電流変位計や、ひずみゲージ等がある。
固定された渦巻き構造を懸垂する構造には、２つの渦巻きの位置関係を調整するためのマイクロメータ等が設置されている。
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a viscometer when the present invention is implemented. A control device, a power supply, and the like are omitted. One side of the double spiral structure is fixed via a suspension structure, and the other side is coupled to the actuator via a suspension structure.
Examples of the actuators include piezoelectric elements and voice coil motors.
A displacement sensor for measuring the magnitude of displacement of the spiral structure coupled to the actuator is attached. Examples of the displacement sensor include a laser displacement meter, a capacitance displacement meter, an eddy current displacement meter, and a strain gauge.
The structure for suspending the fixed spiral structure is provided with a micrometer or the like for adjusting the positional relationship between the two spirals.
上記の装置を用いた液体の粘度の測定は、次のような手順で行う。
（１）二重渦巻き構造を液体中に浸ける。
（２）アクチュエータを、ドライバー等を用いて駆動し、正弦波状の振動を与える。
（３）渦巻き構造の振動の振幅と位相を、変位計を用いて測定する。
（４）アクチュエータで発生させた力の振幅、位相と、渦巻き構造の振幅、位相の比をとる。
（５）上記（２）〜（４）を様々な周波数で行い、振幅−周波数、あるいは位相−周波数の関係を調べる。
（６）振幅−周波数、あるいは位相−周波数の関係を理論と比較し、カーブフィットすることで粘度を求める。
The measurement of the viscosity of the liquid using the above apparatus is performed according to the following procedure.
(1) The double spiral structure is immersed in a liquid.
(2) The actuator is driven using a driver or the like to give a sinusoidal vibration.
(3) The amplitude and phase of the vibration of the spiral structure are measured using a displacement meter.
(4) The ratio between the amplitude and phase of the force generated by the actuator and the amplitude and phase of the spiral structure is taken.
(5) The above (2) to (4) are performed at various frequencies, and the relationship between amplitude-frequency or phase-frequency is examined.
(6) The amplitude-frequency or phase-frequency relationship is compared with the theory, and the viscosity is obtained by curve fitting.
上記２重渦巻き構造を、ＭＥＭＳ加工技術を用いて微細加工により作製すれば、さらに小型軽量な粘度計を得ることができる。
また、上記実施例では、アクチュエータにより振動を与える場合について説明したが、並進移動を与える方式にも適用可能である。
If the double spiral structure is fabricated by microfabrication using MEMS processing technology, a smaller and lighter viscometer can be obtained.
In the above embodiment, the case where vibration is applied by the actuator has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to a system that provides translational movement.
本発明は、粘度計の小型化に寄与することができ、卓上型の小型粘度計として利用可能である。また、小型化を更に進めれば、ＭＥＭＳ加工技術で構造を作製することも可能で、その場合は、小型、軽量な粘性センサとして利用可能である。 The present invention can contribute to size reduction of a viscometer and can be used as a desktop type small viscometer. Further, if the miniaturization is further promoted, the structure can be manufactured by the MEMS processing technique. In that case, the structure can be used as a small and light viscosity sensor.
Claims (3)
二重渦巻き構造の一方は固定され、二重渦巻き構造の他方は渦巻きの中心軸に平行な方向に可動とし、
前記二重渦巻き構造の他方を、アクチュエータにより渦巻きの中心軸に平行な方向に移動させることにより、二重渦巻き構造の一方と他方の二つの渦巻きのギャップの液体から粘性応力を受けるようにしたことを特徴とする二重渦巻き構造を有する粘度計。 The structure that receives viscous stress from the liquid is a viscometer having a double spiral structure,
One of the double spiral structure is fixed, and the other of the double spiral structure is movable in a direction parallel to the central axis of the spiral,
By moving the other side of the double spiral structure in a direction parallel to the central axis of the spiral by an actuator, the double spiral structure is subjected to viscous stress from the liquid in the gap between one and the other two spirals. A viscometer having a double spiral structure characterized by
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2010289213A JP5483112B2 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2010-12-27 | Viscometer |
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| JP2010289213A JP5483112B2 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2010-12-27 | Viscometer |
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| JP2012137351A true JP2012137351A (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| JP5483112B2 JP5483112B2 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56129839A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-10-12 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Ink viscosity detector for ink jet recorder |
| JPH03125943A (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1991-05-29 | Asahi Okuma Ind Co Ltd | Apparatus for measuring atomization properties of liquid coating agent |
| JP2001318040A (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-16 | Yamaichi Electronics Co Ltd | Method for measuring viscosity of liquid, and method and instrument for measuring visco-elasticity of liquid |
| JP2009058340A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-19 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Viscometer |
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2010
- 2010-12-27 JP JP2010289213A patent/JP5483112B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56129839A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-10-12 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Ink viscosity detector for ink jet recorder |
| JPH03125943A (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1991-05-29 | Asahi Okuma Ind Co Ltd | Apparatus for measuring atomization properties of liquid coating agent |
| JP2001318040A (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-16 | Yamaichi Electronics Co Ltd | Method for measuring viscosity of liquid, and method and instrument for measuring visco-elasticity of liquid |
| JP2009058340A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-19 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Viscometer |
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