JP2012130983A - Machine tool - Google Patents

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JP2012130983A
JP2012130983A JP2010284815A JP2010284815A JP2012130983A JP 2012130983 A JP2012130983 A JP 2012130983A JP 2010284815 A JP2010284815 A JP 2010284815A JP 2010284815 A JP2010284815 A JP 2010284815A JP 2012130983 A JP2012130983 A JP 2012130983A
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fluctuation
amplitude
period
ratio
variation
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JP5674449B2 (en
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Kiyoshi Yoshino
清 吉野
Hajime Ishii
肇 石井
Kohei Nishimura
浩平 西村
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Okuma Corp
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Okuma Corp
Okuma Machinery Works Ltd
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Priority to ITMI20111889 priority patent/ITMI20111889A1/en
Priority to US13/275,623 priority patent/US9010453B2/en
Priority to DE201110084875 priority patent/DE102011084875A1/en
Priority to CN201110398873.9A priority patent/CN102455685B/en
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily set a variation value for varying the rotational speed of a rotary shaft irrespective of an experience level.SOLUTION: An NC lathe 1 includes: a main spindle 3 for loading a workpiece W to be driven by a motor; a variation value setting part 14 for setting the variation amplitude and variation cycle of the rotational speed of the main spindle 3; and an NC device 12 and a main spindle control part 11 for controlling the rotational speed of the main spindle 3 on the basis of the variation amplitude and the variation cycle set by the variation value setting part 14. In the NC lathe 1, the variation value setting part 14 sets the ratio of the variation amplitude and the variation cycle, and simultaneously sets the variation amplitude and the variation cycle on the basis of the ratio.

Description

本発明は、工具又はワークを装着してモータ駆動する回転軸を備え、回転軸の回転速度を変動させて切削加工を行うことができる工作機械に関する。   The present invention relates to a machine tool that includes a rotary shaft that is mounted with a tool or a workpiece and is driven by a motor, and that can perform cutting by varying the rotational speed of the rotary shaft.

工具又はワークを装着してモータ駆動する回転軸を備えた工作機械により切削加工を行った場合に、工具またはワークの剛性が低いといわゆる「びびり振動」が発生することがある。びびり振動が発生すると、工具が欠損したり、ワークの表面精度を悪化させるなどの問題が生じる。このびびり振動は加工面に生じた１回転前の起伏と、現在の切削による振動との間に位相遅れが生じることにより、ワークの切取り厚さが変動し振動が拡大していくものである。
このびびり振動を抑制する技術として、特許文献１及び特許文献２の対策が提案されている。特許文献１及び特許文献２に記載の技術は、回転軸の回転速度を所定の変動振幅と変動周期とで変動させて、切り取り厚さの変動による力の入力を不規則にしてびびり振動を抑制しようとするものである。 When cutting is performed by a machine tool equipped with a rotating shaft that is driven by a motor while the tool or workpiece is mounted, so-called “chatter vibration” may occur if the rigidity of the tool or workpiece is low. When chatter vibration is generated, problems such as tool breakage and deterioration of the surface accuracy of the workpiece occur. This chatter vibration causes a phase lag between the undulation before one rotation generated on the machined surface and the vibration due to the current cutting, so that the cut thickness of the workpiece fluctuates and the vibration expands.
As techniques for suppressing this chatter vibration, the countermeasures of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been proposed. The techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 vary chatter vibration by changing the rotation speed of the rotating shaft with a predetermined fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation period, and by irregularly inputting force due to fluctuations in the cutting thickness. It is something to try.

特開昭４９−１０５２７７号公報JP-A-49-105277 実公昭６１−３５２２号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-3522

しかしながら、特許文献１及び特許文献２に記載の方法は、回転速度を変動させるために変動振幅と変動周期との２つのパラメータ（以下両パラメータを区別しない場合はまとめて「変動値」という。）を設定する必要があるため、どちらのパラメータを変えたらよいかが不明であり、経験の浅いオペレータには判断が難しいという問題を有していた。   However, the methods described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 use two parameters of a fluctuation amplitude and a fluctuation period in order to fluctuate the rotation speed (hereinafter referred to as “fluctuation value” when both parameters are not distinguished). Therefore, it is unclear which parameter should be changed, and it is difficult for an inexperienced operator to judge.

そこで、本発明は、上記問題に鑑みなされたものであって、オペレータの経験の深浅にかかわらず、回転軸の回転速度を変動させるための変動値が容易に設定できる工作機械を提供することを目的としたものである。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a machine tool that can easily set a variation value for varying the rotational speed of the rotating shaft regardless of the depth of experience of the operator. It is intended.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、工具又はワークを装着してモータ駆動する回転軸と、その回転軸の回転速度の変動振幅と変動周期とを設定する変動値設定手段と、その変動値設定手段で設定された変動振幅及び変動周期に基づいて前記回転軸の回転速度を制御する回転軸制御手段とを備えた工作機械であって、前記変動値設定手段は、前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定し、当該比率に基づいて前記変動振幅と変動周期とを同時に設定することを特徴とするものである。
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１の構成において、前記変動値設定手段は、前記モータの定格出力と、切削出力と、前記モータの定格出力に対する使用割合と、前記回転速度の平均値と、前記回転軸のイナーシャとに基づいて前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定することを特徴とするものである。
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項２の構成において、前記変動値設定手段は、以下の式（１）に基づいて前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定することを特徴とするものである。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a variable value setting for setting a rotating shaft on which a tool or a work is mounted to drive a motor, and a fluctuation amplitude and a fluctuation cycle of the rotational speed of the rotating shaft. A rotation axis control means for controlling the rotation speed of the rotation axis based on the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation period set by the fluctuation value setting means, the fluctuation value setting means, A ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period is set, and the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period are simultaneously set based on the ratio.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the fluctuation value setting means includes a rated output of the motor, a cutting output, a use ratio with respect to the rated output of the motor, and an average value of the rotation speed. And the ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period is set based on the inertia of the rotating shaft.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the second aspect, the variation value setting means sets the ratio between the variation amplitude and the variation period based on the following equation (1). It is.

Figure 2012130983
Figure 2012130983

請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至３の何れかの構成において、前記変動値設定手段は、前記変動振幅と変動周期との関係を示すグラフを表示する表示手段を備え、前記グラフに、現在の前記変動振幅と変動周期との位置と、前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率に係る直線とをそれぞれ表示することを特徴とするものである。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, the fluctuation value setting means includes a display means for displaying a graph indicating a relationship between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period, and the graph In addition, the current position of the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period and a straight line relating to the ratio of the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period are respectively displayed.

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、１回の動作で変動振幅と変動周期との２つのパラメータを同時に設定できる。よって、経験の深浅にかかわらず、オペレータは回転軸の回転速度を変動させるための変動値を容易に設定することができる。
請求項２及び３に記載の発明によれば、上記効果に加えて、モータに流れる電流が過大とならない状況で変動値が設定でき、モータの発熱に伴う熱変位の発生が抑制される。
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至３の何れかの効果に加えて、グラフによって現在の変動値と変更後の変動値とが容易に認識でき、変動値の設定をより簡単に行うことができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the two parameters of the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period can be set simultaneously by one operation. Therefore, regardless of the depth of experience, the operator can easily set a fluctuation value for changing the rotation speed of the rotary shaft.
According to the second and third aspects of the invention, in addition to the above effects, the fluctuation value can be set in a situation where the current flowing through the motor is not excessive, and the occurrence of thermal displacement accompanying the heat generation of the motor is suppressed.
According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3, the current fluctuation value and the fluctuation value after change can be easily recognized by the graph, and the setting of the fluctuation value can be further improved. It can be done easily.

ＮＣ旋盤の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of NC lathe. 回転速度及び主軸トルクの変動状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the fluctuation state of a rotational speed and a spindle torque. モニタの表示を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the display of a monitor.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は、工作機械の一例であるＮＣ旋盤１の概略構成図である。ＮＣ旋盤１において、主軸台２には、チャック４と爪５とを介してワークＷを把握する回転軸としての主軸３が回転自在に軸支され、主軸台２の内部には、主軸３を回転駆動させるモータ６と、主軸台２に固定されて主軸３の回転速度を検出するエンコーダ７とが内蔵されている。
１０はＮＣ旋盤１の制御部で、この制御部１０には、モータ６とエンコーダ７とに接続される主軸制御部１１と、主軸制御部１１に回転速度を指令するＮＣ装置１２とが設けられて、主軸制御部１１は、エンコーダ７から検出される主軸３の回転速度を常時監視しながら、ＮＣ装置１２から指令された回転速度で主軸３を回転させるようモータ６に供給する入力電力を調整している。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an NC lathe 1 which is an example of a machine tool. In the NC lathe 1, a spindle 3 as a rotating shaft for grasping the workpiece W via a chuck 4 and a claw 5 is rotatably supported on the spindle stock 2, and the spindle 3 is placed inside the spindle stock 2. A motor 6 that is driven to rotate and an encoder 7 that is fixed to the headstock 2 and detects the rotational speed of the main shaft 3 are incorporated.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a control unit of the NC lathe 1. The control unit 10 is provided with a spindle control unit 11 connected to the motor 6 and the encoder 7, and an NC device 12 for instructing the spindle control unit 11 on the rotation speed. Thus, the spindle control unit 11 adjusts the input power supplied to the motor 6 so as to rotate the spindle 3 at the rotation speed commanded from the NC device 12 while constantly monitoring the rotation speed of the spindle 3 detected by the encoder 7. is doing.

また、制御部１０において、ＮＣ装置１２には、加工プログラム等を記憶する記憶部１３と、表示手段としてのモニタ１５を備えた変動値設定手段としての変動値設定部１４が接続されている。ＮＣ装置１２は、記憶部１３に記憶された加工プログラムに従い、主軸３を回転させながら図示しない工具をワークＷの回転軸方向及び半径方向に送り移動させることで、切削加工を行なう。
さらに、ここでは入力手段を備えるモニタ１５から変動値設定部１４に主軸３の回転速度とその変動振幅及び変動周期とを入力することにより、回転軸制御手段としてのＮＣ装置１２及び主軸制御部１１を介して、図２に示すように主軸３の回転速度を指定した変動振幅及び変動周期で変動させることができるようになっている。 In the control unit 10, the NC device 12 is connected to a storage unit 13 for storing a machining program and the like, and a fluctuation value setting unit 14 as a fluctuation value setting unit having a monitor 15 as a display unit. The NC device 12 performs a cutting process by feeding and moving a tool (not shown) in the rotation axis direction and the radial direction of the workpiece W while rotating the spindle 3 according to the machining program stored in the storage unit 13.
Furthermore, the NC device 12 and the spindle control unit 11 as the rotation axis control unit are input here by inputting the rotation speed of the spindle 3 and its fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation period from the monitor 15 provided with the input unit to the fluctuation value setting unit 14. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotational speed of the main shaft 3 can be changed with a specified fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation cycle.

そして、変動値設定部１４は、変動振幅及び変動周期が入力されると、図３に示すように、モニタ１５に、変動振幅を縦軸にとり、変動周期を横軸にとった変動振幅−変動周期のグラフ１６を表示すると共に、現在の変動振幅−変動周期の設定値（現在の変動値）を黒丸のマーカーＭで表示する。
また、モニタ１５には、左下向き矢印ボタン１７と右上向き矢印ボタン１８とが表示されており、オペレータが何れかのボタンを押し操作すると、マーカーＭの位置が当該ボタンの矢印方向に移動するようになっている。１９，１９は、マーカーＭの位置での変動振幅と変動周期との数値をそれぞれ表示する窓である。 Then, when the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation cycle are input, the fluctuation value setting unit 14 takes the fluctuation amplitude-fluctuation with the fluctuation amplitude on the vertical axis and the fluctuation period on the horizontal axis, as shown in FIG. The period graph 16 is displayed, and the current fluctuation amplitude-fluctuation period setting value (current fluctuation value) is displayed with a black circle marker M.
Further, the monitor 15 displays a left down arrow button 17 and a right up arrow button 18 so that when the operator presses any button, the position of the marker M moves in the arrow direction of the button. It has become. 19 and 19 are windows for displaying numerical values of the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation period at the position of the marker M, respectively.

但し、変動値設定部１４は、回転速度の変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定し、当該比率に基づいて変動振幅と変動周期とを同時に設定するようになっている。具体的には、変動振幅と変動周期との比率を、モータ６の定格出力と、切削出力と、モータ６の定格出力に対する使用割合と、回転速度の平均値と、主軸３のイナーシャとから求めた値とするもので、例えば以下の式（１）を満たすような値が考えられる。なお、ここでモータ６の出力を定格出力に対する割合で規定して変動させるのは、回転速度を変動させると、モータ６に流れる電流が多くなってモータ６の発熱が大きくなり、熱変位が発生するおそれがあるからである。   However, the fluctuation value setting unit 14 sets a ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period of the rotation speed, and sets the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period at the same time based on the ratio. Specifically, the ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period is obtained from the rated output of the motor 6, the cutting output, the usage ratio with respect to the rated output of the motor 6, the average value of the rotation speed, and the inertia of the spindle 3. For example, a value satisfying the following expression (1) is conceivable. In this case, the output of the motor 6 is regulated and changed at a ratio with respect to the rated output. When the rotational speed is changed, the current flowing through the motor 6 increases, the heat generation of the motor 6 increases, and thermal displacement occurs. It is because there is a possibility of doing.

Figure 2012130983
Figure 2012130983

このうち切削出力Ｐｃは、一旦変動を開始すれば変動中の主軸トルクから算出できる。回転速度を変動させる際の時間と回転速度との関係及び、時間と主軸トルクとの関係は図２から明らかで、主軸３の回転速度の加速中及び減速中に大きなトルクが必要なことがわかる。加速中と減速中との主軸トルクは、切削トルクを中心として上下の幅が等しくなっている。このことから、切削トルクは加速中における主軸トルクと、減速中にける主軸トルクとの中央値（平均値）として求めることができる。トルクと出力の間には、以下の式（２）の関係があるため切削トルクを切削出力に換算できる。なお、求めた値には主軸３の回転による摩擦損失分が含まれるが、摩擦損失は小さな値であり、ここでは省略している。   Of these, the cutting output Pc can be calculated from the changing spindle torque once the change starts. The relationship between the time and the rotation speed when changing the rotation speed and the relationship between the time and the spindle torque are clear from FIG. 2, and it is understood that a large torque is required during acceleration and deceleration of the rotation speed of the spindle 3. . The main shaft torque during acceleration and deceleration has the same vertical width around the cutting torque. From this, the cutting torque can be obtained as the median value (average value) of the main shaft torque during acceleration and the main shaft torque during deceleration. Since there is a relationship of the following formula (2) between the torque and the output, the cutting torque can be converted into the cutting output. The obtained value includes the friction loss due to the rotation of the main shaft 3, but the friction loss is a small value and is omitted here.

Figure 2012130983
Figure 2012130983

このようにして求めた切削出力を例えば２ｋＷとし、定格出力８ｋＷ、イナーシャ０．５ｋ・ｍ２、回転速度１５００ｍｉｎ−１、変動中の出力を定格出力の８０％とした時、変動振幅を２０％とすると、式（１）を満たす変動周期は１．１ｓとなる。
そして、グラフ１６には、式（１）の比率を表す直線Ｌ１が表示されるようになっており、例えば右上向き矢印ボタン１８を押すと、周期が長く且つ振幅が大きくなる方向へ、予め指定した変動振幅分だけ直線Ｌ１に沿ってマーカーＭが移動し、窓１９に変動値が表示される。例えば、予め指定した変動振幅を５％として、右上向き矢印ボタン１８を一回押すと変動振幅は２５％になり、変動周期は式（１）から１．４ｓとなる。ここで図示しない決定ボタンを押すと、ＮＣ装置１２に変動値が出力され、主軸３の回転速度が窓１９に表示された変動値で変動することになる。 When the cutting power thus obtained is 2 kW, for example, the rated output is 8 kW, the inertia is 0.5 kW · m 2 , the rotational speed is 1500 min −1 , and the output during fluctuation is 80% of the rated output, the fluctuation amplitude is 20%. Then, the fluctuation period satisfying the equation (1) is 1.1 s.
In the graph 16, a straight line L1 representing the ratio of the formula (1) is displayed. For example, when the upper right arrow button 18 is pressed, the cycle is long and the amplitude is specified in advance. The marker M moves along the straight line L1 by the amount of fluctuation amplitude, and the fluctuation value is displayed in the window 19. For example, when the fluctuation amplitude designated in advance is 5% and the upper right arrow button 18 is pressed once, the fluctuation amplitude is 25%, and the fluctuation period is 1.4 s from the equation (1). When a determination button (not shown) is pressed here, a fluctuation value is output to the NC device 12, and the rotation speed of the spindle 3 fluctuates with the fluctuation value displayed in the window 19.

一般に、モータ６の出力が同じ場合、変動振幅が大きい方がびびり振動抑制効果が大きいものの、変動振幅が大きくなると高速時と低速時との速度差が大きいため、加工面に縞模様が現れるという相反する関係がある。そのためオペレータは、びびり振動が発生している場合には右上向き矢印ボタン１８を、びびり振動が発生していない場合には左下向き矢印ボタン１７を押して調整するのが望ましい。   In general, when the output of the motor 6 is the same, the larger the fluctuation amplitude, the greater the chatter vibration suppression effect, but when the fluctuation amplitude increases, the difference in speed between the high speed and the low speed is large, so that a striped pattern appears on the processed surface. There are conflicting relationships. Therefore, it is desirable that the operator adjusts by pressing the upper right arrow button 18 when chatter vibration is occurring and pressing the left lower arrow button 17 when chatter vibration is not occurring.

また、変動値設定部１４では、式（１）の各パラメータの変動に伴って変動振幅と変動周期との比率の再計算を行い、直線Ｌ１を変更する。例えば加工中にワークＷの削り代が大きくなると切削出力が大きくなるため、直線Ｌ１は傾きが小さくなって直線Ｌ２に変更される。ここで右上向き矢印ボタン１８を押すと、マーカーＭは、現在の変動振幅で直線Ｂと交わる点（再計算した式（１）を満たす点）を起点Ｍ１として、直線Ｌ２に沿って周期が長く且つ振幅が大きくなる方向へ予め指定した変動振幅分だけ移動することになる。   In addition, the fluctuation value setting unit 14 recalculates the ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period in accordance with the fluctuation of each parameter of the equation (1), and changes the straight line L1. For example, when the machining allowance of the workpiece W increases during machining, the cutting output increases, so that the straight line L1 is changed to the straight line L2 with a small inclination. When the upper right arrow button 18 is pressed here, the marker M has a long cycle along the straight line L2, starting from a point M1 that intersects the straight line B with the current fluctuation amplitude (a point satisfying the recalculated formula (1)). In addition, it moves by the fluctuation amplitude specified in advance in the direction of increasing the amplitude.

このように、上記形態のＮＣ旋盤１によれば、変動値設定部１４が、変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定し、当該比率に基づいて変動振幅と変動周期とを同時に設定することで、１回の動作で変動振幅と変動周期との２つのパラメータを同時に設定できる。よって、経験の深浅にかかわらず、オペレータは主軸３の回転速度を変動させるための変動値を容易に設定することができる。
特にここでは、変動値設定部１４は、モータ６の定格出力と、切削出力と、モータ６の定格出力に対する使用割合と、回転速度の平均値と、主軸３のイナーシャとを用いた上記式（１）に基づいて変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定しているので、モータ６に流れる電流が過大とならない状況で変動値が設定でき、モータ６の発熱に伴う熱変位の発生が抑制される。 As described above, according to the NC lathe 1 of the above embodiment, the fluctuation value setting unit 14 sets the ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period, and simultaneously sets the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period based on the ratio. Two parameters of the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period can be set simultaneously by one operation. Therefore, regardless of the depth of experience, the operator can easily set a variation value for varying the rotation speed of the spindle 3.
In particular, here, the fluctuation value setting unit 14 uses the above-described equation (1) using the rated output of the motor 6, the cutting output, the usage ratio with respect to the rated output of the motor 6, the average value of the rotational speed, and the inertia of the spindle 3. Since the ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation cycle is set based on 1), the fluctuation value can be set in a situation where the current flowing through the motor 6 is not excessive, and the occurrence of thermal displacement due to the heat generation of the motor 6 is suppressed. The

また、変動値設定部１４は、変動振幅と変動周期との関係を示すグラフ１６を表示するモニタ１５を備え、グラフ１６に、現在の変動振幅と変動周期との位置（マーカーＭ）と、変動振幅と変動周期との比率に係る直線Ｌ１，Ｌ２をそれぞれ表示するようにしているので、現在の変動値と変更後の変動値とが容易に認識でき、変動値の設定をより簡単に行うことができる。   Further, the fluctuation value setting unit 14 includes a monitor 15 that displays a graph 16 indicating the relationship between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period. The graph 16 includes a position (marker M) of the current fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period, and a fluctuation. Since the straight lines L1 and L2 relating to the ratio between the amplitude and the fluctuation cycle are respectively displayed, the current fluctuation value and the changed fluctuation value can be easily recognized, and the fluctuation value can be set more easily. Can do.

なお、変動振幅と変動周期との比率は、上記式（１）による場合に限らない。例えば切削出力がほぼ一定とみなせる場合に、現在と同等のモータの出力で変動させる時には、次の式（３）を満たすように同時に変更してもよい。   The ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period is not limited to the case according to the above formula (1). For example, when the cutting output can be considered to be substantially constant, when the output is changed with the motor output equivalent to the current one, the following expression (3) may be simultaneously changed.

Figure 2012130983
Figure 2012130983

定数ｋは、現在の変動振幅と変動周期とを代入して求める。左下向き矢印ボタン１７又は右上向き矢印ボタン１８を１回押すと、現在の値から定数ｋが求められ、式（３）を満たす変動値に変更される。例えば、右上向き矢印ボタン１８を押すと、変動周期が長く変動振幅が大きくなる方向で、予め指定した変動振幅分だけ移動し、かつ式（３）を満たす変動値に変更される。この場合も式（３）の直線がグラフ上に示される。
このように、切削出力がほぼ一定とみなせる場合には、変動振幅と変動周期との関係が簡単な比例式となるため、何らかの理由で切削出力がばらついた場合でも、矢印ボタンを押して安定した変動値を得ることができる。 The constant k is obtained by substituting the current fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation period. When the left down arrow button 17 or the right up arrow button 18 is pressed once, a constant k is obtained from the current value, and is changed to a variation value satisfying Expression (3). For example, when the upper right arrow button 18 is pressed, the movement value is changed to a fluctuation value that satisfies the expression (3) while moving by the fluctuation amplitude specified in advance in the direction in which the fluctuation period is long and the fluctuation amplitude is large. Also in this case, the straight line of the formula (3) is shown on the graph.
In this way, when the cutting power can be regarded as almost constant, the relationship between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation cycle becomes a simple proportional formula, so even if the cutting power fluctuates for some reason, stable fluctuations can be achieved by pressing the arrow buttons. A value can be obtained.

さらに、上記形態では、モニタにグラフが表示されると現在の変動値を示すマーカーと比率に係る直線とが自動的に算出されて表示されるようにしているが、モニタに設けた入力手段により、これらをそれぞれ任意のタイミングで表示させるようにしてもよい。勿論グラフの形態も上記内容に限らず、軸を逆にしたり三次元的に表示したり等の変更は可能である。但し、グラフやマーカー、比率に係る直線の表示は必須ではなく、現在の変動値と変更後の変動値とを数値のみで表示したりしても差し支えない。   Furthermore, in the above embodiment, when the graph is displayed on the monitor, the marker indicating the current fluctuation value and the straight line relating to the ratio are automatically calculated and displayed. These may be displayed at arbitrary timings. Of course, the form of the graph is not limited to the above contents, and it is possible to change the axis to be reversed or to be displayed three-dimensionally. However, it is not essential to display a straight line related to a graph, a marker, or a ratio, and the current fluctuation value and the changed fluctuation value may be displayed only by numerical values.

一方、ここではモニタにおいて変動値を選択した後、改めて決定ボタンを入力操作することによって回転軸制御手段が回転速度の変更を実行するようにしているが、変動値の選択と連動して回転速度の変更を自動的に実行させることもできる。
その他、本発明はＮＣ旋盤に限らず、回転軸の回転速度を変動させて切削加工を行う工作機械であれば、たとえば工具を装着する主軸を備えたマシニングセンタ等も含まれる。 On the other hand, after selecting the fluctuation value on the monitor, the rotation axis control means changes the rotation speed by inputting the enter button again. However, the rotation speed is linked with the selection of the fluctuation value. It is also possible to automatically execute the change.
In addition, the present invention is not limited to an NC lathe, and includes a machining center including a main shaft on which a tool is mounted, for example, as long as it is a machine tool that performs cutting by changing the rotational speed of a rotary shaft.

１・・ＮＣ旋盤、２・・主軸台、３・・主軸、４・・チャック、５・・爪、６・・モータ、７・・エンコーダ、１０・・制御部、１１・・主軸制御部、１２・・ＮＣ装置、１３・・記憶部、１４・・変動値設定部、１５・・モニタ、１６・・グラフ、１７・・左上向き矢印ボタン、１８・・右上向き矢印ボタン、１９・・窓、Ｗ・・ワーク、Ｍ・・マーカー、Ｌ１，Ｌ２・・直線。   1 .... NC lathe 2 .... spindle stand 3 .... spindle 4 .... chuck 5 .... claw 6 ... motor 7 ... encoder 10 .... control unit 11 .... spindle control unit, 12..NC device, 13..Storage unit, 14..Variable value setting unit, 15..Monitor, 16..Graph, 17..Upper left arrow button, 18..Upper right arrow button, 19..Window , W ... work, M ... marker, L1, L2 ... straight line.

Claims (4)

工具又はワークを装着してモータ駆動する回転軸と、その回転軸の回転速度の変動振幅と変動周期とを設定する変動値設定手段と、その変動値設定手段で設定された変動振幅及び変動周期に基づいて前記回転軸の回転速度を制御する回転軸制御手段とを備えた工作機械であって、
前記変動値設定手段は、前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定し、当該比率に基づいて前記変動振幅と変動周期とを同時に設定することを特徴とする工作機械。 A rotary shaft that is driven by a motor with a tool or workpiece mounted thereon, a fluctuation value setting means that sets a fluctuation amplitude and a fluctuation cycle of the rotation speed of the rotation axis, and a fluctuation amplitude and a fluctuation period that are set by the fluctuation value setting means A rotation axis control means for controlling the rotation speed of the rotation axis based on
The fluctuation value setting means sets a ratio between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period, and sets the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period simultaneously based on the ratio. 前記変動値設定手段は、前記モータの定格出力と、切削出力と、前記モータの定格出力に対する使用割合と、前記回転速度の平均値と、前記回転軸のイナーシャとに基づいて前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の工作機械。   The fluctuation value setting means includes the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation based on the rated output of the motor, the cutting output, the usage ratio with respect to the rated output of the motor, the average value of the rotation speed, and the inertia of the rotation shaft. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a ratio with a period is set. 前記変動値設定手段は、以下の式（１）に基づいて前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率を設定することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の工作機械。
Figure 2012130983
 3. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the variation value setting means sets a ratio between the variation amplitude and the variation period based on the following expression (1).
Figure 2012130983
 前記変動値設定手段は、前記変動振幅と変動周期との関係を示すグラフを表示する表示手段を備え、前記グラフに、現在の前記変動振幅と変動周期との位置と、前記変動振幅と変動周期との比率に係る直線とをそれぞれ表示することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れかに記載の工作機械。   The fluctuation value setting means includes display means for displaying a graph showing a relationship between the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period, and the graph shows the current position of the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period, and the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuation period. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a straight line related to the ratio is displayed.
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