JP2012116752A - Method for producing activated alumina formed body - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、マクロ細孔容積が大きい活性アルミナ成形体の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing an activated alumina molded body having a large macropore volume.
従来から、活性アルミナ成形体は、乾燥剤、吸着剤、触媒、触媒担体などとして利用されているが、その際、高い性能を発揮させるには、細孔半径が０．３μｍ以上である、いわゆるマクロ細孔の容積が大きい活性アルミナ成形体を用いることが望ましい。 Conventionally, an activated alumina molded body has been used as a desiccant, an adsorbent, a catalyst, a catalyst carrier, and the like. In this case, in order to exhibit high performance, the so-called pore radius is 0.3 μm or more. It is desirable to use an activated alumina molded body having a large macropore volume.
そこで、これまでに、マクロ細孔の容積が大きい活性アルミナ成形体の製造方法として、再水和性アルミナ粉末および焼成時に焼失しうる有機起孔剤を水と混練し、賦形し、焼成する方法が開発されており、具体的には、有機起孔剤として、繊維状有機物を用いる方法（特許文献１）や、ポリメタクリル酸エステルなどのビーズを用いた方法（特許文献２）が提案されている。 So far, as a method for producing an activated alumina molded body having a large macropore volume, a rehydratable alumina powder and an organic pore-forming agent that can be burned down during firing are kneaded with water, shaped, and fired. Methods have been developed. Specifically, a method using a fibrous organic substance (Patent Document 1) and a method using beads such as polymethacrylate (Patent Document 2) have been proposed. ing.
しかしながら、特許文献１および２に記載の方法のように、有機起孔剤を用いる場合には、通常、ある程度高い温度で焼成する必要があった。焼成温度が高くなるにつれて比表面積は小さくなることから、このように焼成温度が制約されると、用途に応じた所望の比表面積に設計することができないという問題が生じる。また、一部の有機起孔剤には、比較的低温で焼成しうるものもあるが、そのような有機起孔剤は一般に高価であり、コストの高騰を招くことになる。 However, when using an organic pore-forming agent as in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is usually necessary to perform firing at a somewhat high temperature. Since the specific surface area becomes smaller as the firing temperature becomes higher, when the firing temperature is restricted in this way, there arises a problem that the desired specific surface area according to the application cannot be designed. Some organic pore formers can be fired at a relatively low temperature. However, such organic pore formers are generally expensive and cause an increase in cost.
そこで、本発明の課題は、マクロ細孔の容積が大きい活性アルミナ成形体を、焼成温度を所望の比表面積が得られる温度に任意に設定しながら、安価に得ることができる、活性アルミナ成形体の製造方法を提供することである。 Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide an activated alumina molded body having a large macropore volume, which can be obtained at low cost while arbitrarily setting the firing temperature to a temperature at which a desired specific surface area can be obtained. It is to provide a manufacturing method.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、バイヤライトを含む再水和活性アルミナ成形体を用い、これに１５０℃以上の飽和水蒸気雰囲気下で保持する飽和水蒸気処理を施すことにより、成形体中のバイヤライトが溶解してベーマイトに再析出することとなり、その結果、容易にマクロ細孔を形成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have used a rehydrated activated alumina molded body containing bayerite, and a saturated steam treatment for maintaining it in a saturated steam atmosphere at 150 ° C. or higher. By applying, the bayerite in the molded body is dissolved and reprecipitated into boehmite. As a result, it was found that macropores can be easily formed, and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明の活性アルミナ成形体の製造方法は、バイヤライトを含む再水和活性アルミナ成形体を、１５０℃以上の飽和水蒸気雰囲気下で保持する飽和水蒸気処理を施した後に焼成する、ことを特徴とする。 That is, the method for producing an activated alumina molded body according to the present invention includes firing a rehydrated activated alumina molded body containing bayerite after being subjected to a saturated steam treatment for holding in a saturated steam atmosphere at 150 ° C. or higher. Features.
本発明によれば、マクロ細孔の容積が大きい活性アルミナ成形体を、焼成温度を所望の比表面積が得られる温度に任意に設定しながら、安価に得ることができる、という効果がある。
なお、本発明においては、細孔半径が０．３μｍ以上である細孔をマクロ細孔とする。
According to the present invention, there is an effect that an activated alumina molded body having a large macropore volume can be obtained at low cost while arbitrarily setting the firing temperature to a temperature at which a desired specific surface area can be obtained.
In the present invention, a pore having a pore radius of 0.3 μm or more is defined as a macropore.
本発明の製造方法においては、まず、バイヤライトを含む再水和活性アルミナ成形体に、１５０℃以上の飽和水蒸気雰囲気下で保持する飽和水蒸気処理を施す。この飽和水蒸気処理によって、成形体中のバイヤライトが溶解してベーマイトに再析出することとなり、その結果、容易にマクロ細孔を形成できるのである。 In the production method of the present invention, first, a rehydrated activated alumina molded body containing bayerite is subjected to a saturated steam treatment that is held in a saturated steam atmosphere at 150 ° C. or higher. By this saturated steam treatment, the bayerite in the molded body is dissolved and reprecipitated into boehmite. As a result, macropores can be easily formed.
飽和水蒸気処理に供する前記再水和活性アルミナ成形体は、水和し得るアルミナであり、バイヤライト（バイヤライト相の三水酸化アルミニウム）を含むものである。
このような再水和活性アルミナ成形体は、例えば、ギブサイト型水酸化アルミニウム（例えば、バイヤー法により工業的に得られる三水酸化アルミニウム）を瞬間仮焼して再水和性活性アルミナ粉末を得、これを任意の方法で所望の形状に成形した後、得られた成形体を３０〜１１０℃の条件で再水和することにより、得ることができる。その際、バイヤライトを含有させるためには、成形段階でバイヤライト相水酸化アルミニウムを予め混合しておく方法や、例えば転動造粒で成形する場合には、バイヤライト型水酸化アルミニウムを含有する核に粉末状再水和性アルミナを積層させる方法などで得ることができる。好ましくは、後者のバイヤライト型水酸化アルミニウムを含有する核に粉末状再水和性アルミナを積層させる方法がよい。
The rehydrated activated alumina molded body to be subjected to the saturated steam treatment is alumina that can be hydrated and contains bayerite (aluminum trihydroxide in the bayerite phase).
Such a rehydrated activated alumina molded body is obtained by, for example, instantaneously calcining gibbsite type aluminum hydroxide (for example, aluminum trihydroxide industrially obtained by the Bayer method) to obtain a rehydrated activated alumina powder. After forming this into a desired shape by an arbitrary method, the obtained molded body can be obtained by rehydrating at 30 to 110 ° C. At that time, in order to contain bayerite, a method of previously mixing bayerite-phase aluminum hydroxide in the molding stage, or in the case of molding by rolling granulation, for example, bayerite-type aluminum hydroxide is contained. It can be obtained by a method of laminating powdery rehydratable alumina on the core to be laminated. A method of laminating powdery rehydratable alumina on the core containing the latter bayerite type aluminum hydroxide is preferable.
飽和水蒸気処理に供する前記再水和活性アルミナ成形体のバイヤライト含有率は、５〜６０質量％であることが好ましい。飽和水蒸気処理に供する成形体のバイヤライト含有率が５質量％未満であると、バイヤライトからベーマイトへの溶解再析出反応が起こりにくく、高マクロ細孔容積の担体が得られなくなるおそれがあり、一方、６０質量％を超えると、マクロ細孔容積が多くなりすぎて飽和水蒸気処理後の強度低下を招くおそれがある。 It is preferable that the bayerite content rate of the said rehydration active alumina molded object to use for a saturated steam process is 5-60 mass%. When the bayerite content of the molded body subjected to the saturated steam treatment is less than 5% by mass, dissolution / reprecipitation reaction from bayerite to boehmite hardly occurs, and a carrier having a high macropore volume may not be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 60% by mass, the macropore volume is excessively increased and the strength after saturated steam treatment may be reduced.
飽和水蒸気処理の処理温度は、１５０℃以上であることが重要であり、好ましくは１５０〜１８０℃である。飽和水蒸気処理の処理温度が１５０℃未満であると、バイヤライトからベーマイトへの溶解再析出反応が起こりにくく、高マクロ細孔容積の担体が得られない。 It is important that the treatment temperature of the saturated steam treatment is 150 ° C. or higher, and preferably 150 to 180 ° C. When the treatment temperature of the saturated steam treatment is less than 150 ° C., a dissolution and reprecipitation reaction from bayerite to boehmite hardly occurs, and a high macropore volume carrier cannot be obtained.
飽和水蒸気処理の処理時間は、特に制限されないが、通常、１０分間〜２４時間程度、好ましくは１時間〜１０時間程度である。なお、前記飽和水蒸気処理を行う際の飽和水蒸気の圧力は、処理温度での蒸気圧に応じて適宜設定すればよい。
飽和水蒸気処理は、例えば、オートクレーブ等の中で前記処理温度の飽和水蒸気を含む空気と接触させることにより行うことができる。
The treatment time for the saturated steam treatment is not particularly limited, but is usually about 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably about 1 hour to 10 hours. In addition, what is necessary is just to set suitably the pressure of saturated water vapor | steam at the time of performing the said saturated water vapor | steam process according to the vapor pressure in process temperature.
The saturated steam treatment can be performed, for example, by bringing it into contact with air containing saturated steam at the treatment temperature in an autoclave or the like.
飽和水蒸気処理後の前記再水和活性アルミナ成形体のバイヤライト含有率は、通常、１０質量％以下、好ましくは４質量％以下である。飽和水蒸気処理後の成形体のバイヤライト含有率が１０質量％を超えると、マクロ細孔の形成が不十分となるおそれがある。 The bayerite content of the rehydrated activated alumina molded body after the saturated steam treatment is usually 10% by mass or less, preferably 4% by mass or less. If the bayerite content of the molded product after the saturated steam treatment exceeds 10% by mass, the formation of macropores may be insufficient.
また、飽和水蒸気処理後の前記再水和活性アルミナ成形体のベーマイト含有率は、好ましくは１０〜８０質量％、より好ましくは２０〜６０質量％である。飽和水蒸気処理後の成形体のベーマイト含有率が１０質量％未満であると、マクロ細孔の形成が不十分となるおそれがあり、一方、８０質量％を超えると、成形体の強度が低下するおそれがある。 Moreover, the boehmite content rate of the said rehydration activated alumina molded object after a saturated steam process becomes like this. Preferably it is 10-80 mass%, More preferably, it is 20-60 mass%. If the boehmite content of the molded product after the saturated steam treatment is less than 10% by mass, the formation of macropores may be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80% by mass, the strength of the molded product decreases. There is a fear.
本発明の製造方法においては、前記飽和水蒸気処理後に、焼成を行う。
焼成温度は、得ようとする活性アルミナ成形体の比表面積等に応じて適宜設定すればよく、特に制限されないが、通常、３００〜１０００℃、好ましくは５００〜９００℃とするのがよい。焼成時間は、焼成温度などに応じて設定すればよく、特に制限はないが、一般に、１０分間〜１００時間、好ましくは１時間〜１０時間とするのがよい。
In the production method of the present invention, firing is performed after the saturated steam treatment.
The firing temperature may be appropriately set according to the specific surface area of the activated alumina molded body to be obtained, and is not particularly limited, but is usually 300 to 1000 ° C, preferably 500 to 900 ° C. The firing time may be set according to the firing temperature and is not particularly limited, but is generally 10 minutes to 100 hours, preferably 1 hour to 10 hours.
焼成の方法は、特に制限はなく、例えば、燃焼ガス、電気ヒーター等による間接加熱、遠赤外線加熱等の公知の方法により実施すればよい。なお、焼成に先立って、飽和水蒸気処理で付着した水分を、自然乾燥、熱風乾燥、真空乾燥等の公知の乾燥方法で予め除去しておくこともできる。 The firing method is not particularly limited, and may be performed by a known method such as indirect heating using a combustion gas, an electric heater, or the like, or far infrared heating. Prior to firing, moisture adhering to the saturated steam treatment can be removed in advance by a known drying method such as natural drying, hot air drying, or vacuum drying.
かくして得られた焼成後の活性アルミナ成形体は、細孔半径が０．３μｍ以上であるマクロ細孔の容積が０．１ｃｍ3／ｇ以上、好ましくは０．１５ｃｍ3／ｇ以上である。また、その強度は、通常、１．０ｄａＮ以上、好ましくは３．０ｄａＮ以上である。 The calcined activated alumina molded body thus obtained has a macropore volume of 0.1 cm 3 / g or more, preferably 0.15 cm 3 / g or more, having a pore radius of 0.3 μm or more. Moreover, the intensity | strength is 1.0 daN or more normally, Preferably it is 3.0 daN or more.
本発明の製造方法によって得られた活性アルミナ成形体の使用形態は、特に限定されず、例えば、そのままの形態で乾燥剤や吸着剤として使用することもできる。また、触媒担体としても有用であり、貴金属等の触媒成分を担持させて触媒として使用することもできる。 The usage form of the activated alumina molded body obtained by the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be used as a desiccant or an adsorbent as it is, for example. Further, it is also useful as a catalyst carrier, and can be used as a catalyst by supporting a catalyst component such as a noble metal.
以下、実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例および比較例において得た活性アルミナ成形体は、以下の方法で評価した。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example.
In addition, the activated alumina molded object obtained in the Example and the comparative example was evaluated with the following method.
＜ベーマイト含有率およびバイヤライト含有率＞
まず、試料の結晶型は、粉末Ｘ線回折装置（理学電機社製）により測定したＸ線回折（ＸＲＤ）スペクトルから求めた。
ベーマイト含有率（質量％）は、試料およびこれと略同質量の標準試料（ベーマイト相含有率１００％の水酸化アルミニウム粉末）のＸＲＤスペクトルをそれぞれ同条件で求め、試料のベーマイト相（０２０）面のピーク面積（Ｉ1）と、標準試料のベーマイト相（０２０）面のピーク面積（Ｉ10）とから、下記式に基づき算出した。
ベーマイト含有率（質量％）＝１００×Ｉ1／Ｉ10
バイヤライトの含有率（質量％）は、試料およびこれと略同質量の標準試料（バイヤライト相含有率１００％の水酸化アルミニウム粉末）のＸＲＤスペクトルをそれぞれ同条件で求め、試料のバイヤライト相（００１）面のピーク面積（Ｉ2）と、標準試料のバイヤライト相（００１）面のピーク面積（Ｉ20）とから、下記式に基づき算出した。
バイヤライト含有率（質量％）＝１００×Ｉ2／Ｉ20
＜細孔容積およびマクロ細孔容積＞
細孔容積は、ポロシメーター（カンタクローム社製「オートスキャン３３型」）を用いて水銀圧入法により半径１．８ｎｍ〜１００μｍの細孔分布を測定し、その合計量から求めた。
マクロ細孔容積は、細孔容積のうち、細孔半径が０．３μｍ以上の細孔容積の合計量から求めた。
＜強度＞
硬度試験機にて試料１０粒の破壊強度（ｄａＮ）を測定し、その平均値を求めた。
<Boehmite content and bayerite content>
First, the crystal form of the sample was determined from an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum measured by a powder X-ray diffractometer (manufactured by Rigaku Corporation).
The boehmite content (mass%) was obtained by obtaining XRD spectra of a sample and a standard sample (aluminum hydroxide powder having a boehmite phase content of 100%) under the same conditions, and the boehmite phase (020) surface of the sample. The peak area (I1) and the peak area (I10) of the boehmite phase (020) plane of the standard sample were calculated based on the following formula.
Boehmite content (% by mass) = 100 × I1 / I10
The bayerite content (% by mass) was determined under the same conditions as the XRD spectra of the sample and a standard sample (aluminum hydroxide powder having a bayerite phase content of 100%), and the bayerite phase of the sample. Based on the peak area (I2) of the (001) plane and the peak area (I20) of the bayerite phase (001) plane of the standard sample, calculation was performed based on the following formula.
Bayerite content (% by mass) = 100 × I2 / I20
<Pore volume and macropore volume>
The pore volume was determined from the total amount obtained by measuring the pore distribution with a radius of 1.8 nm to 100 μm by a mercury intrusion method using a porosimeter (“Autoscan 33 type” manufactured by Cantachrome).
The macro pore volume was determined from the total amount of pore volumes having a pore radius of 0.3 μm or more among the pore volumes.
<Strength>
The fracture strength (daN) of 10 samples was measured with a hardness tester, and the average value was obtained.
（実施例１）
バイヤライトを４８．９質量％含む再水和活性アルミナ成形体を、オートクレーブ中で大気圧下に１６０℃で飽和水蒸気を含む空気と６時間接触させることにより、飽和水蒸気処理を施した。得られた再水和活性アルミナ成形体は、バイヤライトを０．５質量％、ベーマイトを５２質量％含むものであった。次いで、これをアルミナ製坩堝に入れ、電気炉にて８００℃まで昇温し、同温度で２時間保持することにより焼成して、活性アルミナ成形体を得た。
得られた活性アルミナ成形体の細孔容積は０．６５ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔容積は０．３１ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔半径は０．７９μｍ、強度は１．０ｄａＮであった。
Example 1
The rehydrated activated alumina molded body containing 48.9% by mass of bayerite was subjected to saturated steam treatment by contacting with air containing saturated steam at 160 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for 6 hours in an autoclave. The obtained rehydrated activated alumina molded body contained 0.5% by mass of bayerite and 52% by mass of boehmite. Next, this was put in an alumina crucible, heated to 800 ° C. in an electric furnace, and calcined by holding at that temperature for 2 hours to obtain an activated alumina molded body.
The obtained activated alumina molded body had a pore volume of 0.65 cm 3 / g, a macro pore volume of 0.31 cm 3 / g, a macro pore radius of 0.79 μm, and a strength of 1.0 daN.
（実施例２）
バイヤライトを２４．０質量％含む再水和活性アルミナ成形体を、オートクレーブ中で大気圧下に１５０℃で飽和水蒸気を含む空気と４時間接触させることにより、飽和水蒸気処理を施した。得られた再水和活性アルミナ成形体は、バイヤライトを１０質量％、ベーマイトを３１質量％含むものであった。次いで、これをアルミナ製坩堝に入れ、電気炉にて８００℃まで昇温し、同温度で２時間保持することにより焼成して、活性アルミナ成形体を得た。
得られた活性アルミナ成形体の細孔容積は０．６１ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔容積は０．１６ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔半径は０．４０μｍ、強度は３．９ｄａＮであった。
(Example 2)
The rehydrated activated alumina molded body containing 24.0% by mass of bayerite was subjected to saturated steam treatment by contacting it with air containing saturated steam at 150 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for 4 hours in an autoclave. The obtained rehydrated activated alumina molded body contained 10% by mass of bayerite and 31% by mass of boehmite. Next, this was put in an alumina crucible, heated to 800 ° C. in an electric furnace, and calcined by holding at that temperature for 2 hours to obtain an activated alumina molded body.
The obtained activated alumina molded body had a pore volume of 0.61 cm 3 / g, a macropore volume of 0.16 cm 3 / g, a macropore radius of 0.40 μm, and a strength of 3.9 daN.
（比較例１）
実施例１で用いたのと同様の再水和活性アルミナ成形体（バイヤライトを４８．９質量％含有）を、飽和水蒸気処理を施すことなく、アルミナ製坩堝に入れ、電気炉にて９００℃まで昇温し、同温度で２時間保持することにより焼成して、活性アルミナ成形体を得た。
得られた活性アルミナ成形体の細孔容積は０．６２ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔容積は０．０６ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔半径は０．１７μｍ、強度は１．１ｄａＮであった。
(Comparative Example 1)
The rehydrated activated alumina molded body (containing 48.9% by mass of bayerite) similar to that used in Example 1 was placed in an alumina crucible without being subjected to a saturated steam treatment, and 900 ° C. in an electric furnace. The resulting product was fired by holding at that temperature for 2 hours to obtain an activated alumina molded body.
The obtained activated alumina molded body had a pore volume of 0.62 cm 3 / g, a macropore volume of 0.06 cm 3 / g, a macropore radius of 0.17 μm, and a strength of 1.1 daN.
（比較例２）
実施例１で用いたのと同様の再水和活性アルミナ成形体（バイヤライトを４８．９質量％含有）を、オートクレーブ中で大気圧下に１１０℃で飽和水蒸気を含む空気と６時間接触させることにより、飽和水蒸気処理を施した。得られた再水和活性アルミナ成形体は、バイヤライトを６４質量％、ベーマイトを０．５質量％含むものであった。次いで、これをアルミナ製坩堝に入れ、電気炉にて８５０℃まで昇温し、同温度で２時間保持することにより焼成して、活性アルミナ成形体を得た。
得られた活性アルミナ成形体の細孔容積は０．６０ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔容積は０．０５ｃｍ3／ｇ、マクロ細孔半径は０．１１μｍ、強度は１．８ｄａＮであった。
(Comparative Example 2)
A rehydrated activated alumina compact (containing 48.9% by weight of bayerite) similar to that used in Example 1 is brought into contact with air containing saturated water vapor at 110 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for 6 hours in an autoclave. Thus, a saturated steam treatment was performed. The obtained rehydrated activated alumina molded body contained 64% by mass of bayerite and 0.5% by mass of boehmite. Next, this was put in an alumina crucible, heated to 850 ° C. in an electric furnace, and calcined by holding at that temperature for 2 hours to obtain an activated alumina molded body.
The obtained activated alumina molded body had a pore volume of 0.60 cm 3 / g, a macropore volume of 0.05 cm 3 / g, a macropore radius of 0.11 μm, and a strength of 1.8 daN.
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| JP2002068854A (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Alumina porous material and production method thereof |
| JP2003063854A (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2003-03-05 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Activated alumina molding and method for manufacturing it |
| JP2004261702A (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Porous material showing steam adsorbing/desorbing behavior and its use |
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| JP2002068854A (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Alumina porous material and production method thereof |
| JP2003063854A (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2003-03-05 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Activated alumina molding and method for manufacturing it |
| JP2004261702A (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Porous material showing steam adsorbing/desorbing behavior and its use |
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