JP2012107605A - Overshot water wheel - Google Patents

Overshot water wheel Download PDF

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JP2012107605A
JP2012107605A JP2010269763A JP2010269763A JP2012107605A JP 2012107605 A JP2012107605 A JP 2012107605A JP 2010269763 A JP2010269763 A JP 2010269763A JP 2010269763 A JP2010269763 A JP 2010269763A JP 2012107605 A JP2012107605 A JP 2012107605A
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water
wheel
plate
plates
turbine
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JP4840890B1 (en
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Osamu Nagao
納 長尾
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase rotation speed, reduce the size of a water wheel body and increase output of a generator by increasing the receiving amount of falling water.SOLUTION: In an overshot water wheel, a wheel bottom plate is mounted on the inner circumference between a pair of opposing wheel plates, and a large number of water-receiving plates are mounted around the wheel bottom plate at an equal angle and at equal intervals. In the overshot water wheel, the width of the wheel plates 13 is increased in the axial direction of the water wheel, each water-receiving plate 15 is bent in a V-shape at the intermediate position of the wheel plates 13 between the mounting base part and the mounting circumferential end of the water-receiving plate, the mounting angle of the plate portion from the mounting base part to the intermediate position is set to be 75-50° with respect to the radial axial line L of the water wheel, and the bend angle of the water-receiving plate 15 is set to be 135-155°.

Description

本発明は、上掛け式水車の改良に関する。  The present invention relates to an improvement of a top-type water turbine.

落水を受けて回転し、その回転力を発電や製粉等に利用する上掛け式水車は種々提案され、実用化されている。その一例を図２に示す。この水車では、対向する一対（図では一方のみ表示。）の輪板１の内周部に水車底板２が設けられ、この水車底板２の回りに、多数の水受け板３が放射軸線Ｌに対して等角度でそれぞれ等間隔に取り付けられている。そして、隣り合う水受け板３，３と水車底板２によりそれぞれバケット４を構成している。このような構成の水車は支持部材５等を介して回転軸６に固定されている。なお、このような上掛け式水車の他の例を特許文献１に示す。  Various top-type water turbines that rotate by receiving falling water and use the rotational force for power generation or milling have been proposed and put into practical use. An example is shown in FIG. In this water turbine, a water turbine bottom plate 2 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of a pair of opposed wheel plates 1 (only one is shown in the figure), and a large number of water receiving plates 3 are arranged on the radial axis L around the water turbine bottom plate 2. On the other hand, they are attached at equal intervals at equal angles. And the bucket 4 is comprised by the water receiving plates 3 and 3 and the turbine bottom plate 2 which adjoin each other. The water turbine having such a configuration is fixed to the rotary shaft 6 via the support member 5 and the like. Another example of such a top-type water turbine is shown in Patent Document 1.

上記構成の上掛け式水車によると、落水によりバケット４に水が溜まると、落水力とバケット４に溜められた水の自重により落水方向に回転を始める。その回転と共に後続のバケット４に順次水が溜まり、同様の作用が繰り返されることで水車は回転する。そして、この回転に応じて、バケット４内の水は順次減水していく。  According to the above-described top-type water turbine, when water is accumulated in the bucket 4 due to falling water, rotation starts in the falling direction due to the falling water force and the weight of the water accumulated in the bucket 4. With the rotation, water sequentially accumulates in the subsequent buckets 4 and the water turbine rotates by repeating the same operation. And according to this rotation, the water in the bucket 4 decreases sequentially.

特開２００５−３３０９１９JP-A-2005-330919

ところが、上記従来の水車では、バケット４の溜め水容積が小さいため、自重による回転力付与には限界が生じており、製粉等では問題はないものの、高速回転を必要とする発電には適さない。  However, in the conventional water wheel, since the volume of water stored in the bucket 4 is small, there is a limit in applying rotational force due to its own weight, and although there is no problem with milling etc., it is not suitable for power generation that requires high-speed rotation. .

本発明は、水車の高速回転化と小型化を目的とするものである。  An object of the present invention is to increase the speed and size of a water turbine.

上記目的を達成するための本発明は、以下に記した特徴を有する。
すなわち、対向する一対の輪板間の内周に水車底板を取り付け、当該水車底板の回りには等角度で等間隔に多数の水受け板を取り付けた水車において、前記輪板の板幅を水車軸方向に拡幅し、前記各水受け板は、その取付基部と取付周端部の間の前記輪板の中間位置でくの字に屈曲させ、その取付基部から前記中間位置までの板部分の取付角度を水車の放射軸線に対して７５°〜５０°に設定するとともに、前記屈曲角度を１３５°〜１５５°に設定したことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following features.
That is, in a water turbine in which a turbine bottom plate is attached to the inner periphery between a pair of opposed wheel plates, and a large number of water receiving plates are attached at equal intervals around the turbine bottom plate, the plate width of the wheel plate is reduced to the water. Each of the water receiving plates is widened in the axle direction, and the water receiving plate is bent into a dogleg shape at an intermediate position of the wheel plate between the mounting base portion and the mounting peripheral end portion, and the plate portion from the mounting base portion to the intermediate position is bent. The mounting angle is set to 75 ° to 50 ° with respect to the radial axis of the water wheel, and the bending angle is set to 135 ° to 155 °.

落水の受け入れ水量を増大させることで、水車本体の高速回転化と小型化を実現するとともに、発電機の高出力化をも可能にした。  By increasing the amount of water that falls, the turbine body can be rotated at high speed and downsized, and the output of the generator can be increased.

本発明による上掛け式水車の中央縦断面図である。  It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of the top-type water wheel by this invention. 従来の上掛け式水車の中央縦断面図である。  It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional hanging type water turbine.

図１には、本発明の実施例の一つが中央縦断面図として示されている。符号１０は水車本体、１１は支持部材、１２はこの支持部材１１と直結する水車軸であり、水車本体１０の回転により水車軸１２が回転するようになっている。  FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention as a central longitudinal section. Reference numeral 10 denotes a water wheel main body, 11 denotes a support member, and 12 denotes a water wheel shaft directly connected to the support member 11. The water wheel shaft 12 is rotated by rotation of the water wheel main body 10.

水車本体１０は、一対の対向する輪板１３（一方側のみ表示）、水車底板１４及び水受け板１５により構成されている。輪板１３はその板幅が水車軸１２方向に拡幅して成形されており、この輪板１３の内周には水車底板１４が取り付けられている。  The turbine body 10 is composed of a pair of opposed wheel plates 13 (only one side is shown), a turbine bottom plate 14 and a water receiving plate 15. The wheel plate 13 is formed with its plate width widened in the direction of the water wheel shaft 12, and a water wheel bottom plate 14 is attached to the inner periphery of the wheel plate 13.

そして、水車底板１４回りには、水受け板１５が本実施例では１８枚、等間隔、等角度で取り付けられている。この水受け板１５の各々は、取付基部１５ａと取付周端部１５ｂの間の輪板１３の中間位置Ｃでくの字状に屈曲させて取り付けられており、取付基部１５ａから中間位置Ｃまでの板部分は、放射軸線Ｌに対する取付角度θ１が５０°±５°に設定され、屈曲部分の屈曲角度θ２は１５０°±５°に設定されている。また、図示はしないが、水受け板１５を等間隔、等角度で１２枚取り付けた場合では、取付角度θ１を７０°±５°、屈曲角度θ２を１４０°±５°に、同じく１６枚の場合は、取付角度θ１を５５°±５°、屈曲角度θ２を１４５°に設定するのが好ましい。さらに、等間隔、等角度であれば、水受け板１５を奇数枚とすることもでき、この場合も枚数に合わせて取付角度と屈曲角度を設定すればよい。  Then, around the water turbine bottom plate 14, 18 water receiving plates 15 are attached at equal intervals and at equal angles in the present embodiment. Each of the water receiving plates 15 is attached by being bent in a dogleg shape at an intermediate position C of the ring plate 13 between the attachment base portion 15a and the attachment peripheral end portion 15b, from the attachment base portion 15a to the intermediate position C. In this plate portion, the mounting angle θ1 with respect to the radial axis L is set to 50 ° ± 5 °, and the bending angle θ2 of the bent portion is set to 150 ° ± 5 °. Although not shown, when 12 water receiving plates 15 are mounted at equal intervals and at equal angles, the mounting angle θ1 is set to 70 ° ± 5 ° and the bending angle θ2 is set to 140 ° ± 5 °. In this case, it is preferable to set the mounting angle θ1 to 55 ° ± 5 ° and the bending angle θ2 to 145 °. Furthermore, the water receiving plate 15 may be an odd number if it is equidistant and equiangular. In this case, the attachment angle and the bending angle may be set according to the number of the water receiving plates 15.

輪板１３の拡幅成形と水受け板１５の屈曲取り付けにより、隣り合う水受け板１５，１５と水車底板１４とで構成されるバケット１６の溜め水容積は輪板１３の拡幅寸法分程増大したことになる。  Due to the widening of the ring plate 13 and the bending attachment of the water receiving plate 15, the reservoir water volume of the bucket 16 constituted by the adjacent water receiving plates 15, 15 and the turbine bottom plate 14 has increased by the widening dimension of the ring plate 13. It will be.

また、水車本体１０の回転によるバケット１６内の溜め水の減水を回転の下方位置にきても極力抑制するため、水受け板１５の周端部には、水留め堰１７を連成するのが好ましい。この場合、水留め堰１７の幅は、バケット１６内に落水が容易に流入できるよう、隣り合う水受け板１５間の周端部間距離の三分の一ほどにするのが良い。  Further, in order to suppress the reduction of the accumulated water in the bucket 16 due to the rotation of the water turbine body 10 as much as possible, a water retaining weir 17 is coupled to the peripheral end portion of the water receiving plate 15. Is preferred. In this case, the width of the water retaining weir 17 is preferably set to about one third of the distance between the peripheral end portions between the adjacent water receiving plates 15 so that water can easily flow into the bucket 16.

例えば傾斜した落水路１８からの落水によりバケット１６に水が溜まると、落水力とバケット１６に溜められた水の自重により、水車本体１０は落水方向に回転を始める。その回転と共に後続のバケット１６には順次水が溜まり、同様の作用が繰り返されることで水車は回転する。バケット１６はその容積が増大しているので、バケット１６内の水の自重も増えて、水車本体１０の回転力は増すことになる。そのとき、バケット１６内の水の水位Ｓ１は、回転に従い減水して低下していくが、減水時間が長くなるため、水車本体１０の回転力が引き上げられ、高速回転が可能となる。したがって、この水車本体１０に例えば発電機が接続されていれば、発電性能は大幅に向上することになる。  For example, when water is collected in the bucket 16 due to water falling from the inclined waterfall 18, the turbine main body 10 starts to rotate in the water falling direction due to the water falling force and the weight of the water stored in the bucket 16. With the rotation, water sequentially accumulates in the subsequent buckets 16 and the water turbine rotates by repeating the same operation. Since the volume of the bucket 16 is increased, the weight of water in the bucket 16 is also increased, and the rotational force of the turbine body 10 is increased. At that time, the water level S1 of the water in the bucket 16 decreases as the water rotates and decreases. However, since the water reduction time becomes longer, the rotational force of the water turbine body 10 is increased and high-speed rotation is possible. Therefore, if, for example, a generator is connected to the turbine body 10, the power generation performance is greatly improved.

さらに、水受け板１５の周端部に水留め堰１７が連成された水車本体１０の場合には、この水留め堰１７により、バケット１６内の水の水位Ｓ２が高くなり、さらに水が溜まるのでその自重もさらに増し、これが連成されていない前記の水車本体１０以上の高速回転が可能となる。また、バケット１６内の水の水位Ｓ２は、水受け板１５が水平より低い位置にきても水を少量ながら保持でき保持時間が長く保てることで、この水車本体１０の小型化も可能となる。また、これを発電機に接続することで、高出力発電が可能となる。  Further, in the case of the turbine body 10 in which the water retaining weir 17 is coupled to the peripheral end portion of the water receiving plate 15, the water level S <b> 2 of the water in the bucket 16 is increased by the water retaining weir 17, and further water is supplied. Since it accumulates, its own weight is further increased, and it becomes possible to rotate the turbine body 10 or higher, which is not coupled with it, at a high speed. Further, the water level S2 of the water in the bucket 16 can hold a small amount of water even when the water receiving plate 15 is lower than the horizontal position, and can keep the holding time long, so that the water turbine body 10 can be downsized. . Further, by connecting this to a generator, high output power generation is possible.

本発明の上掛け式水車は、高速回転による高出力発電が可能であるため、自然河川を利用した水力発電システムの発電源として利用されることが期待される。そして、この水力発電は動力が自然エネルギーであるので、二酸化炭素を発生させず地球温暖化防止にも役立つことになる。  The top-type water turbine of the present invention is capable of high power generation by high-speed rotation, and is expected to be used as a power generation source for a hydroelectric power generation system using a natural river. And since this motive power is natural energy, this hydroelectric power generation does not generate carbon dioxide and helps to prevent global warming.

１０ 水車本体
１３ 輪板
１４ 水車底板
１５ 水受け板
１６ バケット
１７ 水留め堰
Ｌ 放射軸線
θ１ 取付角度
θ２ 屈曲角度
Ｓ１，Ｓ２ 水位10 Turbine body 13 Wheel plate 14 Turbine bottom plate 15 Water receiving plate 16 Bucket 17 Water retaining weir L Radial axis θ1 Mounting angle θ2 Bending angle S1, S2 Water level

上記目的を達成するための本発明は、対向する一対の輪板間の内周に水車底板を取り付け、当該水車底板の回りには等角度、等間隔で多数の水受け板を取り付けた水車において、前記輪板の放射軸方向の板幅を水車軸に向けて延設し、各水受け板をその取付基部と取付周端部の間の前記輪板の中間位置でくの字に屈曲し、その取付基部から前記中間部までの板部分の取付角度を水車の放射軸線に対して反回転方向に７５°〜５０°に設定するとともに、前記くの字の屈曲角度を反回転方向に１３５°〜１５５°に設定したことを特徴とする。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a water turbine in which a turbine bottom plate is attached to the inner periphery between a pair of opposed wheel plates, and a large number of water receiving plates are attached around the turbine bottom plate at equal angles and at equal intervals. The radial width of the annular plate extends toward the water wheel shaft , and each water receiving plate is bent into a dogleg shape at an intermediate position of the annular plate between its mounting base and mounting peripheral end. The mounting angle of the plate portion from the mounting base portion to the intermediate portion is set to 75 ° to 50 ° in the counter-rotating direction with respect to the radial axis of the turbine wheel, and the bending angle of the dogleg is set to 135 in the counter-rotating direction. It is characterized in that the angle is set to ° to 155 °.

水車本体１０は、一対の対向する輪板１３（一方のみを表示。）、水車底板１４及び水受け板１５により構成されている。輪板１３は、その放射軸方向の板幅が水車軸１２に向けて延設されており、水車底板１４は、水車軸１２側に延設された輪板１３の内周に取り付けられている。The turbine body 10 is composed of a pair of opposed ring plates 13 (only one is shown), a turbine bottom plate 14 and a water receiving plate 15. The wheel plate 13 has a radial width extending toward the water wheel shaft 12, and the water wheel bottom plate 14 is attached to the inner periphery of the wheel plate 13 extending toward the water wheel shaft 12 . .

そして、水車底板１４回りには、水受け板１５が本実施例では１８枚、等間隔、等角度で取り付けられている。この水受け板１５は、各々、取付基部１５ａと取付周端部１５ｂの間の輪板１３の中間位置Ｃでくの字に屈曲させて取り付けられており、取付基部１５ａから中間位置Ｃまでの板部分は、放射軸線Ｌに対する取付角度θ１が反回転方向に５０°±５°に設定され、屈曲部分の屈曲角度θ２は反回転方向に１５０°±５°に設定されている。また、図示はしないが、水受け板１５を等間隔、等角度で１２枚取り付けた場合では、取付角度θ１を７０°±５°、屈曲角度θ２を１４０℃±５°に、同じく１６枚の場合は、取付角度θ１を５５°±５°、屈曲角度θ２を１４５°±５°に設定するのが好ましい。さらに、等間隔、等角度であれば、水受け板１５を奇数枚とすることもでき、この場合の枚数に合わせて取付角度と屈曲角度を設定すればよい。Then, around the water turbine bottom plate 14, 18 water receiving plates 15 are attached at equal intervals and at equal angles in the present embodiment. Each of the water receiving plates 15 is bent and attached to the middle position C of the ring plate 13 between the mounting base portion 15a and the mounting peripheral end portion 15b, and is attached from the mounting base portion 15a to the intermediate position C. plate portion, mounting angle θ1 with respect to the radiation axis L is set to 50 ° ± 5 ° in the reverse rotation direction, the bending angle θ2 of the bent portion is set to 150 ° ± 5 ° in the reverse rotation direction. Although not shown, when 12 water receiving plates 15 are mounted at equal intervals and at equal angles, the mounting angle θ1 is 70 ° ± 5 °, the bending angle θ2 is 140 ° C ± 5 °, In this case, it is preferable to set the mounting angle θ1 to 55 ° ± 5 ° and the bending angle θ2 to 145 ° ± 5 ° . Furthermore, the water receiving plate 15 may be an odd number if it is equidistant and equiangular, and the attachment angle and the bending angle may be set according to the number of sheets in this case.

輪板１３の水車軸１２に向けた放射軸方向への延設と水受け板１５の屈曲取り付けにより、隣り合う水受け板１５，１５、向かい合う輪板１３及び水車底板１４とで構成されるバケット１６の溜め水容積は、輪板の延設分ほど増大したことになる。A bucket constituted by adjacent water receiving plates 15, 15, facing wheel plate 13 and water turbine bottom plate 14 by extending the ring plate 13 in the radial direction toward the water wheel shaft 12 and bending the water receiving plate 15. The reservoir water volume of 16 increased as the annular plate was extended .

上記目的を達成するため本発明は、対向する一対の輪板間の内周に水車底板を取り付け、当該水車底板の回りには等角度、等間隔で多数の水受け板を取り付けた水車において、前記輪板の放射軸方向の板幅を水車軸に向けて延設し、各水受け板をその取付基部と取付周縁部の間の前記輪板の中間位置でくの字に屈曲し、その取付基部から前記中間部までの板部分の取付角度を水車の放射軸線に対して反回転方向に７５°〜５０°に設定するとともに、前記くの字の屈曲角度を反回転方向に１３５°〜１５５°に設定したことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a water turbine in which a turbine bottom plate is attached to the inner periphery between a pair of opposed wheel plates, and a large number of water receiving plates are attached around the turbine bottom plate at equal angles and at equal intervals. The radial width of the ring plate is extended toward the water wheel shaft, and each water receiving plate is bent into a dogleg shape at an intermediate position of the ring plate between its mounting base and mounting peripheral portion, The mounting angle of the plate portion from the mounting base to the intermediate portion is set to 75 ° to 50 ° in the counter-rotating direction with respect to the radial axis of the turbine, and the bending angle of the character is 135 ° to the counter-rotating direction. It is characterized by being set to 155 °.

水車本体１０は、一対の輪板１３（一方のみを表示。）、水車底板１４及び水受け板１５により構成されている。輪板１３は、その放射軸方向の板幅を水車軸１２に向けて延設されており、水車底板１４は、水車軸１２側に延設された輪板１３の内周に取り付けられている。   The turbine body 10 includes a pair of wheel plates 13 (only one is shown), a turbine bottom plate 14 and a water receiving plate 15. The wheel plate 13 extends in the radial axis direction toward the water wheel shaft 12, and the water wheel bottom plate 14 is attached to the inner periphery of the wheel plate 13 extended to the water wheel shaft 12 side. .

そして、水車底板１４回りには、水受け板１５が本実施例では１８枚、等間隔、等角度で取り付けられている。この水受け板１５は、各々、取付基部１５ａと取付周縁部１５ｂの間の輪板１３の中間位置Ｃでくの字に屈曲させて取り付けられており、取付基部１５ａから中間位置Ｃまでの板部分は、放射軸線Ｌに対する取付角度θ１が反回転方向に５０°±５°に設定され、屈曲部分の屈曲角度θ２は反回転方向に１５０°±５°に設定されている。また、図示はしないが、水受け板１５を等間隔、等角度で１２枚取り付けた場合では、取付角度θ１を７０°±５°、屈曲角度θ２を１４０°±５°に、同じく１６枚の場合は、取付角度θ１を５５°±５°、屈曲角度θ２を１４５°±５°に設定するのが好ましい。さらに、等間隔、等角度であれば、水受け板１５を奇数枚とすることもでき、この場合の枚数に合わせて取付角度と屈曲角度を設定すればよい。   Then, around the water turbine bottom plate 14, 18 water receiving plates 15 are attached at equal intervals and at equal angles in the present embodiment. Each of the water receiving plates 15 is bent and attached to an intermediate position C of the ring plate 13 between the mounting base portion 15a and the mounting peripheral edge portion 15b, and the plate from the mounting base portion 15a to the intermediate position C is attached. In the portion, the mounting angle θ1 with respect to the radial axis L is set to 50 ° ± 5 ° in the counter-rotating direction, and the bending angle θ2 of the bent portion is set to 150 ° ± 5 ° in the counter-rotating direction. Although not shown, when 12 water receiving plates 15 are mounted at equal intervals and at equal angles, the mounting angle θ1 is set to 70 ° ± 5 ° and the bending angle θ2 is set to 140 ° ± 5 °. In this case, it is preferable to set the mounting angle θ1 to 55 ° ± 5 ° and the bending angle θ2 to 145 ° ± 5 °. Furthermore, the water receiving plate 15 may be an odd number if it is equidistant and equiangular, and the attachment angle and the bending angle may be set according to the number of sheets in this case.

輪板１３の水車軸１２に向けた放射軸方向への延設と水受け板１５の屈曲取り付けにより、隣り合う水受け板１５，１５、向かい合う輪板１３及び水車底板１４とで構成されるバケット１６の溜め水容積は、輪板の延設分ほど増大したことになる。   A bucket constituted by adjacent water receiving plates 15, 15, facing wheel plate 13 and water turbine bottom plate 14 by extending the ring plate 13 in the radial direction toward the water wheel shaft 12 and bending the water receiving plate 15. The reservoir water volume of 16 increased as the annular plate was extended.

Claims (2)

対向する一対の輪板間の内周に水車底板を取り付け、当該水車底板の回りには等角度で等間隔に多数の水受け板を取り付けた水車において、前記輪板の板幅を水車軸方向に拡幅し、前記各水受け板は、その取付基部と取付周端部の間の前記輪板の中間位置でくの字に屈曲させ、その取付基部から前記中間位置までの板部分の取付角度を水車の放射軸線に対して７５°〜５０°に設定するとともに、前記屈曲角度を１３５°〜１５５°に設定したことを特徴とする上掛式水車。In a water turbine in which a water turbine bottom plate is attached to the inner periphery between a pair of opposed wheel plates, and a large number of water receiving plates are attached at equal intervals around the water turbine bottom plate, the plate width of the wheel plate is set in the direction of the water wheel axis. Each of the water receiving plates is bent in a dogleg shape at an intermediate position of the wheel plate between the mounting base and the mounting peripheral end, and the mounting angle of the plate portion from the mounting base to the intermediate position Is set to 75 ° to 50 ° with respect to the radial axis of the water turbine, and the bending angle is set to 135 ° to 155 °. 前記各水受け板の取付周端部には、水留め堰が設けられている請求項１に記載の上掛式水車。The top-type water turbine according to claim 1, wherein a water retaining weir is provided at a mounting peripheral end of each of the water receiving plates.
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