JP2012092029A - Plant growth regulating agent, fertilizer composition, and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Plant growth regulating agent, fertilizer composition, and method of manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、植物の矮化（矮小化）に有効な植物成長調節剤および該植物成長調節剤を含有する肥料組成物並びにそれらの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a plant growth regulator effective for dwarfing plants (fertilization), a fertilizer composition containing the plant growth regulator, and methods for producing them.
従来から作物（以下「植物」ともいう）の矮化は各方面で注目され、研究されてきた。例えば、鉢に植えられた作物、すなわち植物は、鉢と植物とのバランスが大切であり、一般的には生育状態のしまった、草丈の短い植物からなる鉢物が高品質とされている。従って、鉢物の高品質生産のためには植物の適切な矮化技術が必須である。また、農業分野の野菜栽培においては多数の鉢（セル）を用いて植物の苗を育成して使用する技術（セル成型苗）の利用が急増している。しかし、セル成型苗は高密度に苗を生産するために苗が徒長しやすく、この徒長防止策としての有効な苗の矮化技術が求められている。このように今日では園芸・農業両分野において植物の矮化技術が必要不可欠なものとなっている。 Conventionally, hatching of crops (hereinafter also referred to as “plants”) has attracted attention and has been studied in various fields. For example, in a plant planted in a pot, that is, a plant, the balance between the pot and the plant is important, and in general, a potted plant made of a plant having a short plant height that has grown is considered to be of high quality. Therefore, suitable hatching techniques for plants are essential for high-quality production of pots. Moreover, in vegetable cultivation in the agricultural field, the use of techniques (cell molding seedlings) that grow and use plant seedlings using a large number of pots (cells) is rapidly increasing. However, cell-molded seedlings are easy to grow in order to produce seedlings at high density, and effective seedling hatching techniques are required as measures to prevent this. Thus, plant hatching techniques are indispensable today in both horticulture and agriculture.
植物の矮化技術には、植物矮化剤の使用、植物に与える肥料成分の減少、植物に対する潅水の制限、植物に対する送風や接触刺激、植物に塩分ストレスを与える技術などがあるが、これらの技術の内では、手間やコスト、そして効果の再現性、さらには実施の際の簡便性を考慮すると、前記の矮化剤の使用が有利である。 Plant hatching techniques include the use of plant hatching agents, reduction of fertilizer components to plants, restriction of irrigation to plants, blasting and contact stimulation to plants, and technology to apply salt stress to plants. Among the techniques, the use of the above-mentioned rinsing agent is advantageous in view of labor, cost, reproducibility of effects, and simplicity in implementation.
現在、植物の矮化によく使用される薬剤には、ダミノジット剤、クロルメコート液剤、パクロブトラゾール粒剤、ウニコナゾール剤などがあるがこれらの薬剤は、いずれも合成化合物を主成分とする化学農薬であり、これらの中には変異原性が報告されているものもある。また、過剰使用の際に薬害が心配されるものも少なくない。これらの内、多くの化学農薬は使用濃度に依存する薬効成分であるため、薬害の回避方法や使用時期の選定などに知識と経験が必要とされ、その使用には細心の注意が必要となるばかりでなく、実際に薬害や環境汚染の発生が現実的なものとなる危惧も生じている。 Currently, the drugs often used for plant hatching include daminogit, chlormecote, paclobutrazol granules, uniconazole, etc., all of which are chemical pesticides based on synthetic compounds. Some of these have been reported mutagenic. In addition, there are not a few cases where phytotoxicity is a concern during overuse. Among these, many chemical pesticides are medicinal ingredients that depend on the concentration used, so knowledge and experience are required to select methods for avoiding phytotoxicity and when to use them, and careful use is required for their use. In addition, there is also a concern that the actual occurrence of phytotoxicity and environmental pollution will be realistic.
しかしながら、薬害や環境汚染の発生の恐れのない矮化剤の提案は少なく、環境に優しく、人体に安全で、しかも低コストかつ簡便で作業性の良好な矮化剤の開発が強く望まれていた。 However, there are few proposals for a moisturizing agent that does not cause the occurrence of phytotoxicity or environmental pollution, and there is a strong demand for the development of a moisturizing agent that is environmentally friendly, safe for the human body, low-cost, simple, and has good workability. It was.
このような状況に鑑み、本発明者らの一部は、安全で環境汚染の少ない素材として天然に存在する桂皮酸に着目し、桂皮酸水溶液または水系分散体が農・園芸作物の矮化に有効であることを明らかにし、桂皮酸を含有する植物成長調節剤を提案している（特許文献１：特開２００４−２９８１７６号公報）。また、この特許文献１の桂皮酸を含有する植物成長調節剤を含んでなる植物成長調節用栽培用土（特許文献２：特開２００６−３３３８０４号公報）および桂皮酸をタブレット状、ペレット状等に成型した植物成長調節剤（特許文献３：特開２００６−３３５７００号公報）も提案している。 In view of such a situation, some of the present inventors have paid attention to cinnamic acid which is naturally present as a safe and low environmental pollution material, and an aqueous cinnamic acid solution or aqueous dispersion is used for hatching agricultural and horticultural crops. A plant growth regulator containing cinnamic acid has been proposed (Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-298176). Further, the plant growth regulating cultivation soil (Patent Document 2: JP-A-2006-333804) and cinnamic acid comprising the plant growth regulator containing cinnamic acid of Patent Document 1 and tablets, pellets, etc. A molded plant growth regulator (Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-335700) is also proposed.
特許文献１にあっては、桂皮酸は、分散剤の助けにより水系媒体に分散され、あるいはアルカリ性を呈する弱酸と強塩基の塩からなる溶解助剤により水に溶解され、分散液または水溶液とされて、施用時に水で適宜希釈して使用するとの態様が開示されている。しかし、分散剤または溶解助剤の助けにより調製された高濃度原液は、場合より保存安定性に欠けることが懸念され、改善の余地を残すものであった。 In Patent Document 1, cinnamic acid is dispersed in an aqueous medium with the aid of a dispersing agent, or is dissolved in water with a solubilizing agent composed of a weak acid and a strong base exhibiting alkalinity to form a dispersion or aqueous solution. Thus, an embodiment is disclosed in which it is appropriately diluted with water at the time of application. However, the high-concentration stock solution prepared with the aid of a dispersing agent or a solubilizing aid has a concern that it may lack storage stability, and leaves room for improvement.
また、高濃度原液を使用する場合、植物成長調節作用を発揮する化合物本体の数倍〜数１０倍量（１０％原液の場合、９倍量）の水も実質的に同時に保存若しくは輸送することになり、保存効率、輸送効率の面で不利であった。さらに、粉末や顆粒形態のものに比べると、原液は嵩高く、重量があり、作業性の面でも更なる改善が望まれていた。 In addition, when using a high-concentration stock solution, several times to several tens times the amount of water (9 times in the case of a 10% stock solution) of the main body of the compound that exerts plant growth regulating action should be stored or transported substantially simultaneously. This was disadvantageous in terms of storage efficiency and transportation efficiency. In addition, the stock solution is bulky and heavy as compared with powder and granule forms, and further improvements have been desired in terms of workability.
また、施用現場での手早い施用液の調製が望まれるが、上記特許文献１に開示された、リグニンスルホン酸塩などの分散剤や水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリ性溶解助剤を用いて桂皮酸の施用液を調製する手法は、施用現場での作業性の面からそれぞれ課題を有していた。すなわち、分散剤を使用した桂皮酸分散液を調製するためにはサンドミルなどの分散装置が必要であり、施用現場に分散装置を設置することは、非効率であり実際問題として実現性が低かった。また、アルカリ性溶解助剤を用いて桂皮酸水溶液を調製する際には、劇物で潮解性があり、取り扱い性に難がある水酸化カリウムなどの物質を施用現場で取り扱わなくてはならず、溶液の調製には配慮が必要である。 In addition, preparation of a quick application liquid at the application site is desired, but cinnamic acid can be prepared using a dispersing agent such as lignin sulfonate and an alkaline dissolution aid such as potassium hydroxide disclosed in Patent Document 1. The methods for preparing the application liquid have problems from the viewpoint of workability at the application site. That is, in order to prepare a cinnamic acid dispersion using a dispersing agent, a dispersing device such as a sand mill is necessary, and installing a dispersing device at the application site is inefficient and has a low feasibility as a practical problem. . In addition, when preparing an aqueous cinnamic acid solution using an alkaline solubilizing agent, it is necessary to handle substances such as potassium hydroxide that are deliquescent and difficult to handle at the application site, Care must be taken in preparing the solution.
従って、本発明は、溶解性に優れた桂皮酸を主成分とする植物成長調節剤の提供をその目的としている。より具体的には、本発明は良好な保存安定性を有するとともに、作業性にも配慮された、環境に優しく、毒性の少ない、優れた矮化効果を発揮する植物成長調節剤および該植物成長調節剤を含む肥料組成物を提供することを目的としている。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant growth regulator mainly composed of cinnamic acid having excellent solubility. More specifically, the present invention has a good storage stability and is also friendly to the workability, is friendly to the environment, has a low toxicity and exhibits an excellent hatching effect, and the plant growth It aims at providing the fertilizer composition containing a regulator.
本発明者は、今般、桂皮酸とアルカリ金属化合物との混合物または桂皮酸のアルカリ金属塩若しくはアルカリ土類金属塩を用いることにより、容易に高濃度の水溶液を調製することができ、かつ保存安定性に優れる植物成長調節剤が得られるとの知見を得た。本発明はかかる知見に基づくものである。 The present inventor can now easily prepare a high-concentration aqueous solution by using a mixture of cinnamic acid and an alkali metal compound, or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of cinnamic acid, and is stable in storage. The knowledge that the plant growth regulator excellent in property was obtained was acquired. The present invention is based on such knowledge.
従って、本発明による植物成長調節剤は、桂皮酸とアルカリ金属化合物との混合物または桂皮酸のアルカリ金属塩若しくはアルカリ土類金属塩を含んでなることを特徴とするものである。 Therefore, the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a mixture of cinnamic acid and an alkali metal compound, or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of cinnamic acid.
また、本発明による肥料組成物は、植物成長調節剤と、肥料成分とを含んでなることを特徴とするものである。 Moreover, the fertilizer composition by this invention is characterized by including a plant growth regulator and a fertilizer component.
桂皮酸とアルカリ金属化合物との混合物または桂皮酸のアルカリ金属塩は常温の水に容易に溶解する。従って、本発明によれば、分散剤や溶解助剤を必要とせず、高濃度の水溶液を容易に調製可能な植物成長調節剤が提供される。また、桂皮酸自体は、天然物である桂皮酸の塩を有効成分とし、安全性が高く、植物体には悪影響を及ぼさず、植物の成長を調節できる点で有利である。 A mixture of cinnamic acid and an alkali metal compound or an alkali metal salt of cinnamic acid readily dissolves in water at room temperature. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a plant growth regulator capable of easily preparing a high-concentration aqueous solution without requiring a dispersant or a dissolution aid. Cinnamic acid itself is advantageous in that it contains a salt of cinnamic acid, which is a natural product, as an active ingredient, is highly safe, has no adverse effects on plants, and can control plant growth.
本発明による植物成長調節剤は、桂皮酸とアルカリ金属化合物との混合物または桂皮酸のアルカリ金属塩若しくはアルカリ土類塩を有効成分として含んでなる。 The plant growth regulator according to the present invention comprises a mixture of cinnamic acid and an alkali metal compound, or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth salt of cinnamic acid as an active ingredient.
桂皮酸の飽和水溶液濃度は２５℃で０．０５％程度であるが、桂皮酸とアルカリ金属化合物との混合物、または桂皮酸のアルカリ金属塩若しくはアルカリ土類塩は容易に水に溶解し、その溶液は安定である。例えば、アルカリ金属塩、特に桂皮酸カリウムからは、容易に高濃度の水溶液（例えば、２０％）を調製することができる。その結果、桂皮酸の水溶液の調製にあたり、溶解助剤や分散剤を必要としない。よって、本発明による植物成長調節剤は、液剤とされた場合、高濃度であっても安定であり、高濃度で提供される植物成長調節剤は、生産効率、運送効率、そして作業効率にも優れる。また、粉末や顆粒とされた場合、施用現場において容易に、施用目的に応じた濃度の水溶液とすることができ、また粉末や顆粒は、液剤にくらべ軽量であるため、運送効率、作業性に優れるとの利点が得られる。 The concentration of a saturated aqueous solution of cinnamic acid is about 0.05% at 25 ° C., but a mixture of cinnamic acid and an alkali metal compound, or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth salt of cinnamic acid is easily dissolved in water. The solution is stable. For example, a highly concentrated aqueous solution (for example, 20%) can be easily prepared from an alkali metal salt, particularly potassium cinnamate. As a result, no solubilizer or dispersant is required to prepare the cinnamic acid aqueous solution. Therefore, the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is stable even at a high concentration when it is used as a solution, and the plant growth regulator provided at a high concentration is also effective for production efficiency, transportation efficiency, and work efficiency. Excellent. In addition, when it is made into powder or granule, it can be easily made into an aqueous solution with a concentration according to the purpose of application at the site of application, and since powder and granule are lighter than the liquid agent, transport efficiency and workability are improved. The advantage of being excellent is obtained.
本発明に用いられる桂皮酸は、Ｃ６−Ｃ３化合物（フェニルプロパン誘導体）であり、リグニン、リグナン、カテキン、フラボノイド、アントシアニン、スチルベン、カルコンなどの、植物成分の生合成過程における前駆物質である。よって、植物とは相性は良い物と考えられる。また、桂皮酸はリグニン分解産物と同様の構造を持ち、環境中に廃棄されても微生物分解を受け、腐植物質の素材にもなり得ることから、環境負荷が小さいことに加え、食品添加物でもあるので安全性が高い。また、桂皮酸塩はＬＤ５０値が大きく、例えば、桂皮酸ナトリウムの場合、マウスの腹腔内投与で２ｇ／ｋｇであり、変異原性も報告されていないので極めて安全性が高い。上述の特許文献１に記載のとおり、桂皮酸は植物に対する矮化効果を有する。さらに、桂皮酸塩は微生物抑制効果、特にかび（真菌類）に対する抑制効果を有している（特願２０１０−０５４９０７号出願および特開平５−１１７１２５号公報）ことから、生産植物の微生物汚染を防ぐことができるとの効果も期待できる。本発明における桂皮酸塩を使用すれば、植物体には損傷を与えず、微生物汚染を防ぎながら、矮化を達成することができる。 Cinnamic acid used in the present invention is a C6-C3 compound (phenylpropane derivative), and is a precursor in the process of biosynthesis of plant components such as lignin, lignan, catechin, flavonoid, anthocyanin, stilbene and chalcone. Therefore, it is considered that the compatibility with the plant is good. In addition, cinnamic acid has the same structure as lignin degradation products, and even if it is discarded in the environment, it can undergo microbial degradation and become a humic substance. There is so high safety. Cinnamate has a large LD50 value. For example, in the case of sodium cinnamate, it is 2 g / kg when administered intraperitoneally to mice, and no mutagenicity has been reported, so it is extremely safe. As described in Patent Document 1 above, cinnamic acid has a hatching effect on plants. Furthermore, cinnamate has a microbial inhibitory effect, particularly an inhibitory effect on fungi (fungi) (Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-054907 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-117125). The effect that it can be prevented can also be expected. If the cinnamate according to the present invention is used, hatching can be achieved without damaging the plant body and preventing microbial contamination.
本発明による植物成長調節剤の有効成分である桂皮酸塩は、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属塩またはベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム等のアルカリ土類金属塩から選ばれるものである。特に、桂皮酸カリウムまたは桂皮酸ナトリウムの利用が好ましい。 The cinnamate which is an active ingredient of the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is selected from alkali metal salts such as lithium, sodium and potassium or alkaline earth metal salts such as beryllium, magnesium and calcium. In particular, use of potassium cinnamate or sodium cinnamate is preferred.
また、本発明による植物成長調節剤の有効成分は桂皮酸とアルカリ金属化合物との混合物であってもよく、アルカリ金属化合物の例としては、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム、トリポリリン酸カリウム、ポリリン酸ナトリウム、ポリリン酸カリウム、リン酸三ナトリウム、リン酸三カリウム、リン酸水素二カリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウムを挙げることができる。これらのアルカリ金属化合物の中でも好適に用いることができるものとして、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウムおよび炭酸水素ナトリウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種を挙げることができる。 The active ingredient of the plant growth regulator according to the present invention may be a mixture of cinnamic acid and an alkali metal compound. Examples of the alkali metal compound include potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, Examples include potassium nitrate, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, potassium polyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, and potassium acetate. . Among these alkali metal compounds, those that can be suitably used include at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
本発明による植物成長調節剤の施用対象植物は特に限定されず、多くの植物に対して矮化効果が期待できるが、好適な施用対象植物としては、園芸作物では、例えば、ポインセチア、ゼラニウム、ハイドランジア、キク、ユリ、アサガオ、ペチュニアなどが挙げられ、ポインセチアおよびゼラニウムの苗に対して特に好適に用いられる。また、農作物では、広く野菜類が施用対象植物として挙げられるが、例えば、ハクサイ、キャベツ、にんじん、ネギ、玉ネギ、チンゲンサイ、大根、レタス、さやえんどう、カリフラワー、ブロッコリー、ごぼう、二十日大根、蕪、トマト、きゅうり、ナス、かぼちゃ、スイカ、プリンスメロン、まくわうり、メロンなどに対し特に好適に用いられる。 The plant to which the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and a hatching effect can be expected for many plants. However, suitable horticultural crops include, for example, poinsettia, geranium, hydrandia. , Chrysanthemum, lily, morning glory, petunia and the like, and particularly suitable for poinsettia and geranium seedlings. Also, in agricultural products, vegetables are widely cited as plants to be applied. , Tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, pumpkins, watermelons, prince melons, makuwari, melons and the like.
一般に、矮化剤は葉や茎から矮化成分が吸収される葉面散布剤と、根から矮化成分が吸収されて矮化効果を発現する土壌潅注剤とに分けられる。葉面散布剤は、矮化剤を２００倍前後の水で希釈し、得られた水溶液（０．５質量％）を、霧吹きで葉面に散布する。新芽が伸び始めたころに処理するのが効果的であるが、植物によっては効果が発現されないものもある。また、葉面や茎の表面に薬剤が残留するので、当該植物に接触することにより人体に薬剤が移行することがあり、薬剤の毒性が高い場合は安全性が問題となる。一方、土壌潅注剤は土壌もしくは栽培土に薬剤を直接施すもので、比較的矮化効果を発現しやすく、葉面散布剤で効果が発現されない場合は土壌潅注剤が用いられる。また、土壌潅注剤は植物表面には薬剤の付着が無いので、植物表面から人体への薬剤の移行は考慮する必要がない。 In general, hatching agents are classified into foliar sprays in which hatching components are absorbed from leaves and stems, and soil irrigation agents in which hatching components are absorbed from roots and express hatching effects. The foliar spray is obtained by diluting the dripping agent with about 200 times water and spraying the obtained aqueous solution (0.5% by mass) on the foliage with a spray. It is effective to treat the shoots when they start growing, but some plants may not be effective. Moreover, since a chemical | medical agent remains on the surface of a leaf surface or a stem, a chemical | medical agent may transfer to a human body by contacting the said plant, and safety | security becomes a problem when the toxicity of a chemical | medical agent is high. On the other hand, a soil irrigation agent is a method in which a chemical is directly applied to soil or cultivated soil, and it is relatively easy to develop a hatching effect, and a soil irrigation agent is used when no effect is exhibited by a foliar spray. In addition, since the soil irrigation agent has no drug attached to the plant surface, it is not necessary to consider transfer of the drug from the plant surface to the human body.
本発明による植物成長調節剤は、植物中に自然に存在する物質である桂皮酸を主成分としており、極めて安全性が高く、葉面散布剤、土壌潅注剤のいずれとしてもよい。特に、土壌潅注剤として用いた場合により矮化効果が期待できる。 The plant growth regulator according to the present invention is mainly composed of cinnamic acid, which is a substance naturally present in plants, and is extremely safe and may be used as either a foliar spray or a soil irrigant. In particular, the hatching effect can be expected when used as a soil irrigant.
一般に矮化剤をその作用性の観点から分類すると、抗オーキシン性と抗ジベレリン性に分けられるが、本発明の植物成長調節剤における矮化効果の発現は抗オーキシン性によると思われる。すなわち、本発明の植物成長調節剤の主成分である桂皮酸塩が細胞の***と伸長に関与する植物ホルモンであるオーキシンの作用を撹乱し、細胞***の抑制、呼吸作用の異常増進などが生じ、節間伸長が抑制されて矮化効果が発現されると推定される。本発明の植物成長調節剤は、上記の矮化効果を発現することにより、草姿を改善した高品位化鉢物の生産を可能とし、セル成型野菜苗の徒長を防止できる。 Generally, the hatching agent is classified into anti-auxin and anti-gibberellin when classified from the viewpoint of its action. The expression of the hatching effect in the plant growth regulator of the present invention seems to be due to the anti-auxin. That is, cinnamate, the main component of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, disturbs the action of auxin, a plant hormone involved in cell division and elongation, resulting in inhibition of cell division, abnormal increase in respiratory action, etc. It is presumed that internode elongation is suppressed and the hatching effect is expressed. The plant growth regulator of the present invention can produce a high-quality potted plant with improved grass appearance by exhibiting the above hatching effect, and can prevent the length of cell-molded vegetable seedlings.
従来、農林業や園芸分野などで用いられる植物用矮化剤には、変異原性、腫瘍原性またはがん原性などの遺伝毒性が報告されているものや、残留性が高く、内分泌かく乱性の疑いがあるものもある。しかし、本発明による植物成長調節剤は、植物中に自然に存在する物質であり、食品添加物にも指定されている桂皮酸の塩を有効成分としており、化学合成物質を主成分とした矮化剤に散見される変異原性や内分泌かく乱性の疑いも認められていない。また、残留性も低いので極めて安全に使用できる。本発明の植物成長調節剤は、植物体には深刻な毒性は及ぼさず、矮化のみを達成でき、鉢花における商品価値の向上やセル成型苗の高品質生産にも利用できる。 Conventionally, plant fermenting agents used in the fields of agriculture, forestry and horticulture have been reported to have genotoxicity such as mutagenicity, tumorigenicity or carcinogenicity, or have high persistence and endocrine disruption. Some have suspicion of sex. However, the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is a substance that is naturally present in plants, and contains cinnamic acid salt, which is also designated as a food additive, as an active ingredient. There has been no suspicion of mutagenicity or endocrine disrupting properties that are sometimes seen in agents. In addition, since the residual property is low, it can be used very safely. The plant growth regulator of the present invention does not have serious toxicity to plants, can only achieve hatching, and can be used for improving the commercial value of potted flowers and for producing high quality cells.
また、本発明の植物成長調節剤は、種々の濃度の桂皮酸塩の水溶液を調製でき、その水溶液を散布することにより植物体の矮化できる。具体的には植物体に直接散布するか、植物体周辺に散布して使用する。例えばその水溶液を、対象植物の根、茎、葉などの部位に散布し、またはその水溶液に対象植物の根、茎、葉などの部位を浸し、または当該植物の周辺の土壌に水溶液を散布することにより、植物成長調節剤として用いることができる。 Moreover, the plant growth regulator of this invention can prepare the aqueous solution of the cinnamate of various density | concentrations, and can hatch a plant body by spraying the aqueous solution. Specifically, it is sprayed directly on the plant body or sprayed around the plant body. For example, the aqueous solution is sprayed on the root, stem, leaf, etc. of the target plant, or the root, stem, leaf, etc. of the target plant is immersed in the aqueous solution, or the aqueous solution is sprayed on the soil around the plant. Therefore, it can be used as a plant growth regulator.
本発明の植物成長調節剤は、粉体または顆粒状の固体状物として提供されてもよい。その場合、施用現場まで運搬し、使用現場にて目的に適した濃度（桂皮酸カリウムの場合、例えば、０．３％）の水溶液を調製し、直ちに施用するのが好ましい。また、本発明による植物成長調節剤は、桂皮酸の高濃度液（原液）として調製され、使用時に目的に応じて適宜希釈して使用してもよい。さらに必要により展着剤や他の成長調節剤、抗菌・殺菌剤やその他の添加剤などと混合して用いることもできる。また、上記の桂皮酸塩をシクロデキストリンなどとの包接化合物として使用することや、ゼオライト、シリカなどの担体に担持させて粉体またはその懸濁液としても使用できる。 The plant growth regulator of the present invention may be provided as a powder or granular solid. In that case, it is preferable to transport to an application site, prepare an aqueous solution having a concentration suitable for the purpose at the site of use (for example, 0.3% in the case of potassium cinnamate), and apply it immediately. In addition, the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is prepared as a high-concentrated cinnamic acid solution (stock solution), and may be appropriately diluted according to the purpose at the time of use. Furthermore, if necessary, it can also be used by mixing with a spreading agent, other growth regulators, antibacterial / bactericidal agents and other additives. The cinnamate can be used as an inclusion compound with cyclodextrin or the like, or supported on a carrier such as zeolite or silica and used as a powder or a suspension thereof.
また、本発明による植物成長調節剤は、水溶液から乳化液、分散液、懸濁液を調製して使用されてもよい。あるいは、粉体または顆粒状の固体として散布し、次いで適量の水を散布して用いてもよい。 The plant growth regulator according to the present invention may be used by preparing an emulsion, dispersion, or suspension from an aqueous solution. Alternatively, it may be sprayed as a powder or granular solid and then sprayed with an appropriate amount of water.
本発明による植物成長調節剤を水溶液として使用する場合、その濃度は適宜決定されてよいが、一般的には、桂皮酸塩として０．００１〜０．５％程度の水溶液にして使用する。また、流通の利便性向上のため濃縮液とする場合、例えば桂皮酸塩として０．１〜３０％程度に調製することができる。 When the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is used as an aqueous solution, its concentration may be appropriately determined, but in general, it is used as an aqueous solution of about 0.001 to 0.5% as cinnamate. Moreover, when making it a concentrated liquid for the convenience improvement of distribution | circulation, it can prepare to about 0.1 to 30%, for example as a cinnamate.
本発明による植物成長調節剤の使用量は特に制限されないが、桂皮酸カリウムを使用する場合、例えば栽培用用土（肥料、添加剤も含めて）１００質量部当たり桂皮酸カリウムとして０．００００１〜０．３質量部となる量を用いる。本発明の一つの態様によれば、桂皮酸カリウムを使用する場合、施用区域の単位面積（ｍ2）あたり桂皮酸カリウムとして０．０５〜３０．０ｇとなる量を２〜４回／月散布するのが好ましい。他の塩を用いた場合も、桂皮酸カリウムに準じた量（桂皮酸残基部分として０．０５〜２５．０ｇ）を上記と同様に散布する。 Although the usage-amount of the plant growth regulator by this invention is not restrict | limited in particular, When using potassium cinnamate, it is 0.00001-0 as potassium cinnamate per 100 mass parts of soil for cultivation (including fertilizer and an additive), for example. Use an amount of 3 parts by mass. According to one aspect of the present invention, when potassium cinnamate is used, an amount of 0.05 to 30.0 g as potassium cinnamate per unit area (m 2 ) of the application area is sprayed 2 to 4 times / month. It is preferable to do this. Even when other salts are used, an amount according to potassium cinnamate (0.05 to 25.0 g as a cinnamic acid residue part) is sprayed in the same manner as described above.
また、本発明の別の態様によれば、本発明による植物成長調節剤を、種々の農・園芸用資材、農薬などの化学物質と混合することにより、それらに植物成長調節作用を付与することができる。すなわち、本発明によれば、植物成長調節作用を有する農・園芸用資材および農薬が提供される。農・園芸用資材の例としては、界面活性剤、着色剤、香料、植物栄養剤、各種添加物を挙げることができる。また、農薬の例としては、他の植物成長調節剤、抗菌剤、殺菌剤、除草剤、殺虫剤、展着剤、忌避剤などを挙げることができる。本発明の植物成長調節剤は環境に優しいという特徴を備えているため、環境への影響が軽微な天然物系薬剤との混合が好ましい。 Moreover, according to another aspect of the present invention, the plant growth regulator according to the present invention is mixed with various agricultural / horticultural materials, chemical substances such as agricultural chemicals, etc., thereby imparting plant growth regulating action thereto. Can do. That is, according to the present invention, an agricultural / horticultural material and an agrochemical having a plant growth regulating action are provided. Examples of agricultural and horticultural materials include surfactants, colorants, fragrances, plant nutrients, and various additives. Examples of agricultural chemicals include other plant growth regulators, antibacterial agents, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, spreading agents, repellents, and the like. Since the plant growth regulator of the present invention is characterized by being environmentally friendly, it is preferable to mix it with a natural product-based agent that has a slight impact on the environment.
また、本発明の植物成長調節剤を種々の肥料と混合することにより、これらの肥料に植物成長調節作用を付与することができる。すなわち、本発明によれば、植物成長調節作用を有する肥料が提供される。特に水溶性が高い肥料成分と混合して該肥料組成物を水溶液として施用することで、速効性の植物成長調節剤として用いることができる。植物管理の適切な時期、例えば水やりの際などに、上記のような速効性の植物成長調節剤を用いることにより、効率的かつ簡便で安全に植物成長の抑制（矮化）を達成することができる。 Moreover, the plant growth regulator can be provided to these fertilizers by mixing the plant growth regulator of the present invention with various fertilizers. That is, according to the present invention, a fertilizer having a plant growth regulating action is provided. It can be used as a fast-acting plant growth regulator by mixing with a fertilizer component having particularly high water solubility and applying the fertilizer composition as an aqueous solution. To achieve efficient, simple and safe plant growth inhibition (incubation) by using a fast-acting plant growth regulator as described above at an appropriate time for plant management, for example, when watering. Can do.
本発明の植物成長調節剤と混合可能な肥料としては、窒素、リン酸、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、ホウ素などの肥料成分を含有するものが挙げられる。より具体的には、窒素質肥料、リン酸質肥料、カリ質肥料、石灰質肥料、ケイ酸質肥料、苦土質肥料、マンガン質肥料、ホウ素質肥料、複合肥料（例えば、熔成複合肥料、化成肥料、成型複合肥料、吸着複合肥料、被覆複合肥料、副産複合肥料、液状複合肥料、配合肥料、家庭園芸用複合肥料）、微量要素複合肥料、農薬その他のものが混入された肥料、有機質肥料、汚泥肥料などの普通肥料を挙げることができる。 Examples of fertilizers that can be mixed with the plant growth regulator of the present invention include those containing fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and boron. More specifically, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, calcareous fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, mafic fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, boron fertilizer, compound fertilizer (eg, molten compound fertilizer, chemical conversion) Fertilizers, molded composite fertilizers, adsorbed composite fertilizers, coated composite fertilizers, by-product composite fertilizers, liquid composite fertilizers, compound fertilizers, home gardening composite fertilizers), trace element composite fertilizers, fertilizers mixed with pesticides and others, organic fertilizers Ordinary fertilizers such as sludge fertilizers.
さらに、上記窒素質肥料の具体例としては、硫酸アンモニウム（硫安）、塩化アンモニウム（塩安）、硫酸苦土アンモニア、腐植酸アンモニア、硝酸アンモニウム（硝安）、硝酸アンモニア石灰（硝安石灰）、硝酸石灰、硝酸ソーダ、尿素、被覆尿素、石灰窒素、ＩＢ（イソブチリデン２尿素、イソブチルアルデヒド加工尿素肥料）、ＣＤＵ（クロトニリデン２尿素、アセトアルデヒド加工尿素肥料）、ウレアホルム（ウラホルム、ホルム窒素、ホルムアルデヒド加工尿素肥料）、ＧＵ（グアニル尿素）、オキサミドなどの無機質肥料の他、油かす類や魚肥類などの有機質肥料を挙げることができる。 Furthermore, specific examples of the above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer include ammonium sulfate (ammonium sulfate), ammonium chloride (ammonium salt), sulfated ammonium sulfate, ammonium humate, ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate), ammonium nitrate lime (ammonium nitrate lime), lime nitrate, nitrate Soda, urea, coated urea, lime nitrogen, IB (isobutylidene 2 urea, isobutyraldehyde processed urea fertilizer), CDU (crotonylidene 2 urea, acetaldehyde processed urea fertilizer), ureaform (uraform, form nitrogen, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer), GU ( In addition to inorganic fertilizers such as guanylurea and oxamide, organic fertilizers such as oil cakes and fish manures can be mentioned.
また、リン酸質肥料の具体例としては、過リン酸石灰、重過リン酸石灰、苦土過リン酸石灰、熔成リン肥（熔リン）、ＢＭ熔リン、焼成リン肥、熔過リン、重焼リン、苦土重焼リン、腐植酸混合リン肥、副産リン肥などの無機質肥料の他、骨粉類、米ぬかなどの有機質肥料を挙げることができる。 Specific examples of the phosphate fertilizer include superphosphate lime, heavy superphosphate lime, bitumen perphosphate lime, molten phosphorus fertilizer (molten phosphorus), BM molten phosphorus, calcined phosphorous fertilizer, molten phosphorus In addition to inorganic fertilizers such as heavy burnt phosphorus, hard clay burnt phosphorus, humic acid mixed phosphorus fertilizer, and byproduct phosphorus fertilizer, organic fertilizers such as bone meal and rice bran can be mentioned.
また、カリ質肥料の具体例としては、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸カリ苦土、重炭酸カリウム、ケイ酸カリウム、腐植酸カリウムなどが用いられ、石灰質肥料としては、生石灰、消石灰、炭酸カルシウム、副産石灰、混合石灰肥料、貝化石肥料などを挙げることができる。 In addition, as specific examples of the calcareous fertilizer, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate bitter clay, potassium bicarbonate, potassium silicate, potassium humate, etc. are used. As the calcareous fertilizer, quick lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, Byproduct lime, mixed lime fertilizer, shell fossil fertilizer and the like can be mentioned.
また、本発明の植物成長調節剤と組み合わせることができる肥料組成物に好適な水溶性の肥料成分の例としては、硫酸アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ソーダ、硝酸カルシウム、尿素、リン酸、リン酸一アンモニウム、リン酸二アンモニウム、過リン酸石灰、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、リン酸一カリウム、リン酸二カリウム、硝酸カリウムなどを挙げることができる。 Examples of water-soluble fertilizer components suitable for the fertilizer composition that can be combined with the plant growth regulator of the present invention include ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, urea, phosphoric acid, and phosphoric acid. Examples thereof include monoammonium, diammonium phosphate, lime superphosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, and potassium nitrate.
本発明の植物成長調節剤である桂皮酸塩としてアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類塩を製造する場合、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を含むアルカリ性の溶液を用意し、水溶液のアルカリ性を保ちながら桂皮酸を徐々に溶解することにより、桂皮酸の水溶液を調製する。その後、この溶液から晶析により、高純度の桂皮酸塩を得ることができる。 When producing an alkali metal or alkaline earth salt as cinnamate which is the plant growth regulator of the present invention, an alkaline solution containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is prepared, and cinnamic acid is added while maintaining the alkalinity of the aqueous solution. An aqueous solution of cinnamic acid is prepared by slowly dissolving. Thereafter, high-purity cinnamate can be obtained from this solution by crystallization.
本発明の植物成長調節剤として最も好適に使用される桂皮酸塩の一つである桂皮酸カリウムは、現在日本では市販されていない。桂皮酸カリウムの好ましい調製方法を示せば、以下のとおりである。まず、約９０℃の熱水に、３０質量％となる量の桂皮酸と１３質量％となる量の水酸化カリウム（純度８５％、試薬特級）をそれぞれ１／３量ずつ３回程度に分けて徐々に溶解させ、桂皮酸濃度約３０％の水溶液を調製する。このときのｐＨは７．８前後となる。次に、この水溶液を４℃まで冷却し、この温度で２４時間放置すると白色沈澱を生ずるのでこれを濾別し、濾別した白色沈澱を１０５℃で６時間程乾燥した後、粉砕し、桂皮酸カリウムの白色粉末を得ることができる。または、上記桂皮酸溶液をバット上に薄く広げ１０５℃で６時間程度加熱し、水分を蒸発乾枯させた後、得られた白色固体を粉砕し、桂皮酸カリウムの白色粉末を得ることができる。上記の桂皮酸水溶液調製の際に使用する塩または塩基の使用量は特に限定されないが、桂皮酸に対して３０〜３００質量％となる量が好ましい。 Potassium cinnamate, one of cinnamate most preferably used as the plant growth regulator of the present invention, is not currently marketed in Japan. A preferred method for preparing potassium cinnamate is as follows. First, in about 90 ° C. hot water, cinnamic acid in an amount of 30% by mass and potassium hydroxide in an amount of 13% by mass (purity 85%, reagent grade) are each divided into about 1/3 of the amount in 3 times. And gradually dissolve to prepare an aqueous solution having a cinnamic acid concentration of about 30%. The pH at this time is around 7.8. Next, this aqueous solution is cooled to 4 ° C. and left at this temperature for 24 hours. A white precipitate is formed, which is separated by filtration. The white precipitate thus filtered is dried at 105 ° C. for about 6 hours, pulverized, and cinnamon. A white powder of potassium acid can be obtained. Alternatively, the cinnamic acid solution is spread thinly on a vat and heated at 105 ° C. for about 6 hours to evaporate and dry the water, and then the resulting white solid is pulverized to obtain a white powder of potassium cinnamate. Although the usage-amount of the salt or base used in the case of said cinnamic acid aqueous solution preparation is not specifically limited, the quantity used as 30-300 mass% with respect to a cinnamic acid is preferable.
本発明による植物成長調節剤に好ましく用いられる桂皮酸ナトリウムは市販のものを入手することができる。また、桂皮酸ナトリウムは、以下の方法により容易に調製することができる。まず、約９０℃の熱水に、１０質量％となる量の桂皮酸と２．６質量％となる量の水酸化ナトリウム（純度９７％、試薬特級）をそれぞれ１／３量ずつ３回程度に分けて徐々に溶解させ、桂皮酸濃度約１０％の水溶液を調製する。このときのｐＨは７．７前後となる。次に、この水溶液を４℃まで冷却し、この温度で２４時間放置すると白色沈澱を生ずるのでこれを濾別し、濾別した白色沈澱を１０５℃で６時間程乾燥した後、粉砕し、桂皮酸ナトリウムの白色粉末を得ることができる。または、上記桂皮酸溶液をバット上に薄く広げ１０５℃で６時間程度加熱し、水分を蒸発乾枯させた後、得られた白色固体を粉砕し、桂皮酸ナトリウムの白色粉末を得ることができる。上記の桂皮酸水溶液調製の際に使用する塩または塩基の使用量は特に限定されないが、桂皮酸に対して２０〜２００質量％となる量が好ましい。 Commercially available sodium cinnamate preferably used for the plant growth regulator according to the present invention can be obtained. Sodium cinnamate can be easily prepared by the following method. First, about 1/3 amount of cinnamic acid in an amount of 10% by mass and sodium hydroxide in an amount of 2.6% by mass (purity 97%, reagent grade) in hot water at about 90 ° C. The solution is gradually dissolved to prepare an aqueous solution having a cinnamic acid concentration of about 10%. The pH at this time is around 7.7. Next, this aqueous solution is cooled to 4 ° C. and left at this temperature for 24 hours. A white precipitate is formed, which is separated by filtration. The white precipitate thus filtered is dried at 105 ° C. for about 6 hours, pulverized, and cinnamon. A white powder of sodium acid can be obtained. Alternatively, the cinnamic acid solution is spread thinly on a vat and heated at 105 ° C. for about 6 hours to evaporate and dry the water, and then the resulting white solid is pulverized to obtain a white powder of sodium cinnamate. Although the usage-amount of the salt or base used in the case of said cinnamic acid aqueous solution preparation is not specifically limited, the quantity used as 20-200 mass% with respect to a cinnamic acid is preferable.
桂皮酸のアルカリ金属塩またはアルカリ土類金属塩を調製する際に使用する塩基または塩は、塩基またはその水溶液がアルカリ性を呈する弱酸と強塩基の塩であれば特に限定されないが、ｐＨ緩衝作用を示し、環境汚染の恐れが少なく、人体に安全であるものを用いることが好ましい。塩基としては、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウムなどが、弱酸と強塩基との塩としては、例えば、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム、トリポリリン酸カリウム、ポリリン酸ナトリウム、ポリリン酸カリウム、リン酸三ナトリウム、リン酸三カリウム、リン酸水素二カリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウムなどが好ましいものとして挙げられる。特に好ましい塩基または塩としては、食品にも用いられる水酸化カリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウムおよび酢酸ナトリウムなどが挙げられる。 The base or salt used in the preparation of the cinnamic acid alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt is not particularly limited as long as the base or its aqueous solution is a salt of a weak acid and a strong base exhibiting alkalinity. It is preferable to use one that is less harmful to the environment and safe for the human body. Examples of the base include potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. Examples of the salt of a weak acid and a strong base include potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, potassium polyphosphate, Preferable examples include trisodium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, and potassium acetate. Particularly preferred bases or salts include potassium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium carbonate and sodium acetate which are also used in foods.
次に実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。なお、文中の「部」または「％」とあるのは質量基準である。 Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In the text, “part” or “%” is based on mass.
＜桂皮酸カリウム粉末の調製＞
（１）白色粉末（Ａ）の調製
９０℃の蒸留水６５０ｍＬに水酸化カリウム（純度８５％、試薬特級）１３０ｇを溶解し、この水酸化カリウム溶液に桂皮酸３０２ｇを徐々に加えて撹拌して溶解した。さらに、この溶液を蒸留水で１０００ｍＬにメスアップして、濃度３０％の桂皮酸水溶液（ｐＨ７．８）を作製した。次にこの溶液を２５℃まで冷却した後、４℃で１２時間放置し、白色物質を析出させた。この白色物質を取り出し、風乾の後、１０５℃で６時間乾燥し、白色粉末３７０ｇを得た。以下、この白色粉末を白色粉末（Ａ）と呼ぶ。
<Preparation of potassium cinnamate powder>
(1) Preparation of white powder (A) 130 g of potassium hydroxide (purity 85%, reagent grade) was dissolved in 650 mL of 90 ° C. distilled water, and 302 g of cinnamic acid was gradually added to this potassium hydroxide solution and stirred. Dissolved. Furthermore, this solution was made up to 1000 mL with distilled water to prepare a cinnamic acid aqueous solution (pH 7.8) having a concentration of 30%. Next, this solution was cooled to 25 ° C. and then allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 12 hours to precipitate a white substance. The white substance was taken out, air-dried, and dried at 105 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain 370 g of a white powder. Hereinafter, this white powder is called white powder (A).
（２）桂皮酸カリウムの確認
ａ）カリウムの確認
白色粉末（Ａ）を蛍光Ｘ線分析したところ、図１に示すチャートを得た。このチャートを見ると、１４０ ２θ（°）付近（Ｋα：図１ではＫＡで表示）にカリウムのピークが確認され、白色粉末（Ａ）中にはカリウム成分が存在することが明らかになった。
(2) Confirmation of potassium cinnamate a) Confirmation of potassium When the white powder (A) was subjected to fluorescent X-ray analysis, the chart shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. When this chart was seen, the peak of potassium was confirmed near 140 2θ (°) (Kα: indicated by KA in FIG. 1), and it became clear that the potassium component was present in the white powder (A).
ｂ）カルボン酸塩形成の確認
白色粉末（Ａ）を赤外分光法にて分析したところ、図２の下側に示す赤外線吸収スペクトルを得た。このスペクトルを桂皮酸の赤外線吸収スペクトル（図２の上側）と比較すると、白色粉末（Ａ）のスペクトルでは、桂皮酸のスペクトルで見られる１７００ｃｍ-1付近のフリーなカルボン酸のピークが消滅し、新たに１５５０ｃｍ-1付近にカルボン酸塩のピークが確認された。このことから、白色粉末（Ａ）中にはカルボン酸の塩が存在していることが明らかになった。
b) Confirmation of carboxylate formation When the white powder (A) was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, an infrared absorption spectrum shown on the lower side of FIG. 2 was obtained. Comparing this spectrum with the infrared absorption spectrum of cinnamic acid (upper side of FIG. 2), in the spectrum of white powder (A), the free carboxylic acid peak near 1700 cm −1 seen in the cinnamic acid spectrum disappears, A new carboxylate peak was observed near 1550 cm −1 . This revealed that a salt of carboxylic acid was present in the white powder (A).
ｃ）カリウム成分の定量
白色粉末（Ａ）１ｇを正確に量り２００ｍＬのメスフラスコに入れ、精製水５０ｍＬ、０．２Ｍ−硝酸５ｍＬを加え、さらに精製水で２００ｍＬとした後振り混ぜた。さらに精製水で２０倍希釈して、イオンクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、図３に示すクロマトグラムが得られた。このクロマトグラムのカリウムのピーク面積からカリウムの量を計算したところ、０．２１ｇであった。この結果より、白色粉末（Ａ）中のカリウム成分は２１．０％であることが明らかになった。
c) Quantification of potassium component 1 g of white powder (A) was accurately weighed and placed in a 200 mL volumetric flask, 50 mL of purified water and 5 mL of 0.2 M nitric acid were added, and the mixture was shaken and mixed to 200 mL with purified water. Further, when diluted with purified water 20 times and analyzed by ion chromatography, the chromatogram shown in FIG. 3 was obtained. The amount of potassium calculated from the peak area of potassium in this chromatogram was 0.21 g. From this result, it was revealed that the potassium component in the white powder (A) was 21.0%.
ｄ）桂皮酸成分の定量
クロロホルム処理した白色粉末（Ａ）０．０５ｇを正確に量り５０ｍＬのメスフラスコに入れ、０．５Ｍ−塩酸１ｍＬ、精製水２０ｍＬを加えて振り混ぜ、エタノールを加えて５０ｍＬとした。さらにエタノールで５０倍希釈し、吸光光度法（２７０ｎｍ）を用いて、標準桂皮酸溶液（対照）との比較により該白色粉末（Ａ）中の桂皮酸成分を定量した。その結果、桂皮酸成分は全白色粉末中の７６．７％であることが明らかになった。
d) Determination of cinnamic acid component Accurately weigh 0.05 g of chloroform-treated white powder (A) into a 50 mL volumetric flask, add 1 mL of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid and 20 mL of purified water, shake and mix, and add ethanol to 50 mL. It was. Further, the cinnamic acid component in the white powder (A) was quantified by comparison with a standard cinnamic acid solution (control) using an absorptiometric method (270 nm) after dilution with ethanol 50 times. As a result, it was revealed that the cinnamic acid component was 76.7% of the total white powder.
ｅ）白色粉末（Ａ）の内容確認
以上のａ）〜ｄ）の分析試験の結果から、白色粉末（Ａ）は桂皮酸カリウムであり、その純分は約９８％であることが確認された。
e) Confirmation of content of white powder (A) From the results of the analytical tests of a) to d) above, it was confirmed that white powder (A) was potassium cinnamate and its pure content was about 98%. .
＜桂皮酸カリウム水溶液のポインセチア苗に対する矮化試験＞
［実施例１］
上記白色粉末（Ａ）を用いて、桂皮酸カリウム濃度が０．３％である水溶液を調製した。次に、草丈約６ｃｍのポインセチア苗（ミレニアム種）を５号鉢（直径１４．５ｃｍ、深さ１４．５ｃｍ）に定植し、栽培を続け、栽培１９日目と栽培４８日目に、１鉢当り１００ｍＬの上記０．３％桂皮酸カリウム水溶液を３０鉢の栽培用土に添加した。栽培６３日目に、各栽培鉢の用土面からポインセチア苗の頭頂部までの長さを測定し、下記式で矮化率（％）を算出し、０．３％桂皮酸カリウム水溶液の矮化効果を調べた。
矮化率（％）＝〔（比較例１の草丈−実施例１の草丈）／比較例１の草丈〕×１００
<Hatching test of potassium cinnamate aqueous solution for poinsettia seedling>
[Example 1]
An aqueous solution having a potassium cinnamate concentration of 0.3% was prepared using the white powder (A). Next, poinsettia seedlings (millennium seeds) with a plant height of about 6 cm were planted in No. 5 pot (diameter 14.5 cm, depth 14.5 cm) and cultivation continued. 100 mL of the above 0.3% potassium cinnamate aqueous solution was added to 30 pots of cultivation soil. On the 63rd day of cultivation, the length from the soil surface of each cultivation pot to the top of the poinsettia seedling was measured, the hatching rate (%) was calculated by the following formula, and the 0.3% potassium cinnamate aqueous solution was hatched The effect was investigated.
Hatching rate (%) = [(plant height of Comparative Example 1−plant height of Example 1) / plant height of Comparative Example 1] × 100
結果は後記する表１に示されるとおりであった。矮化率算出の結果、０．３％桂皮酸カリウム水溶液を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は２２．７％を示し、０．３％桂皮酸カリウム水溶液の矮化効果を確認できた。 The results were as shown in Table 1 described later. As a result of calculating the hatching rate, the hatching rate of the poinsettia seedling to which the 0.3% potassium cinnamate aqueous solution was added showed 22.7%, and the hatching effect of the 0.3% potassium cinnamate aqueous solution was confirmed.
［実施例２］
ポインセチア苗栽培鉢に添加する桂皮酸カリウム水溶液の桂皮酸カリウム濃度を０．５％としたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして矮化率の算出を行った。結果は後記する表１に示されるとおりであった。０．５％桂皮酸カリウム水溶液を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は３１．６％に達し、０．３％桂皮酸カリウム水溶液を添加した場合（実施例１）よりも顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 2]
The hatching rate was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the potassium cinnamate concentration of the aqueous potassium cinnamate solution added to the poinsettia seedling cultivation pot was 0.5%. The results were as shown in Table 1 described later. The hatching rate of poinsettia seedlings to which 0.5% potassium cinnamate aqueous solution was added reached 31.6%, and the hatching effect was more remarkable than when 0.3% potassium cinnamate aqueous solution was added (Example 1). It could be confirmed.
［比較例１］
ポインセチア苗栽培鉢に桂皮酸カリウムを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例１と同様にして矮化率の算出を行った。結果は、下記の表１に示されるとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 1]
The hatching rate was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that potassium cinnamate was not added to the poinsettia seedling cultivation pot. The results were as shown in Table 1 below.
以上の結果から、本発明の桂皮酸カリウム水溶液が、ポインセチア苗の成長を効果的に抑制でき、同苗の矮化に有効であることが明らかになった。 From the above results, it was revealed that the potassium cinnamate aqueous solution of the present invention can effectively suppress the growth of poinsettia seedlings and is effective for hatching the seedlings.
＜桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）のポインセチア苗に対する矮化試験＞
［実施例３］
２０℃にて蒸留水４００ｍＬに硝酸カリウム０．３２ｇおよびリン酸水素ニアンモニウム０．０８ｇを溶解し、液体肥料基液を調製した。この液体肥料基液４００ｍＬに上記の白色粉末（Ａ）０．０４ｇを溶解し、濃度０．０１％の桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を作製した。
<Hatching test for poinsettia seedling of liquid fertilizer composition containing potassium cinnamate (3-component system)>
[Example 3]
At 20 ° C., 0.32 g of potassium nitrate and 0.08 g of diammonium hydrogen phosphate were dissolved in 400 mL of distilled water to prepare a liquid fertilizer base solution. 0.04 g of the above white powder (A) was dissolved in 400 mL of this liquid fertilizer base solution to prepare a liquid fertilizer composition (three-component system) containing potassium cinnamate having a concentration of 0.01%.
次に、草丈約６ｃｍのポインセチア苗（ミレニアム種）を５号鉢（直径１４．５ｃｍ、深さ１４．５ｃｍ）に定植し、栽培を続け、毎週２回、１鉢当り１００ｍＬの上記０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を３０鉢の栽培用土に添加した。栽培６３日目に、各栽培鉢苗の用土面からポインセチア苗の頭頂部までの長さを測定し、下記式で矮化率（％）を算出し、桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）の矮化効果を調べた。
矮化率（％）＝〔（比較例２の草丈−実施例３の草丈）／比較例２の草丈〕×１００
Next, poinsettia seedlings (millennium seeds) with a plant height of about 6 cm were planted in No. 5 pot (diameter 14.5 cm, depth 14.5 cm) and continued to be cultivated twice a week. A liquid fertilizer composition containing 3% potassium cinnamate (3-component system) was added to 30 pots of cultivation soil. On the 63rd day of cultivation, the length from the soil surface of each cultivation pot seedling to the top of the poinsettia seedling was measured, and the hatching rate (%) was calculated by the following formula. The hatching effect of the component system was investigated.
Hatching rate (%) = [(plant height of Comparative Example 2−plant height of Example 3) / plant height of Comparative Example 2] × 100
結果は、後記する表２に示されるとおりであった。矮化率算出の結果、０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は９．８％を示し、０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）の矮化効果を確認できた。 The results were as shown in Table 2 below. As a result of calculating the hatching rate, the hatching rate of the poinsettia seedling added with 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) showed 9.8%, and 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid The hatching effect of the fertilizer composition (3-component system) could be confirmed.
［実施例４］
桂皮酸カリウム濃度を０．０５％としたこと以外は実施例３と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、後記する表２に示されるとおりであった。０．０５％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は１３．５％を示し、０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の場合（実施例３）よりも顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 4]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the potassium cinnamate concentration was 0.05%, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 2 below. The hatching rate of poinsettia seedlings added with 0.05% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) showed 13.5%, and 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) ) Was confirmed to have a more significant hatching effect than in the case of poinsettia seedlings added with (Example 3).
［実施例５］
桂皮酸カリウム濃度を０．１％としたこと以外は実施例３と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、後記する表２に示されるとおりであった。０．１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は２１．２％に達し、０．０５％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の場合（実施例４）よりもさらに顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 5]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the potassium cinnamate concentration was 0.1%, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 2 below. Poinsettia seedling added with 0.1% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) reached 21.2%, and 0.05% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) ) Was further confirmed in the hatching effect than in the case of poinsettia seedlings added with Example 4 (Example 4).
［実施例６］
桂皮酸カリウム濃度を０．２％としたこと以外は実施例３と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、後記する表２に示されるとおりであった。０．２％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は３７．５％に達し、０．１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の場合（実施例５）よりもさらに顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 6]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the potassium cinnamate concentration was 0.2%, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 2 below. The hatching rate of poinsettia seedlings added with 0.2% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) reached 37.5%, and 0.1% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (3-component system) ), The hatching effect was even more marked than in the case of poinsettia seedlings added with (Example 5).
［比較例２］
ポインセチア苗栽培鉢に桂皮酸カリウムを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例３と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、下記の表２に示されるとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 2]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that potassium cinnamate was not added to the poinsettia seedling cultivation pot, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 2 below.
以上の結果から、本発明の桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（３成分系）が、ポインセチア苗の成長を効果的に抑制でき、同苗の矮化に有効であることが明らかになった。 From the above results, it became clear that the potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (three-component system) of the present invention can effectively suppress the growth of poinsettia seedlings and is effective for hatching the seedlings.
＜桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）のポインセチア苗に対する矮化試験＞
［実施例７］
２０℃にて蒸留水４００ｍＬに硝酸カリウム０．１９、硝酸アンモニウム０．１ｇおよびリン酸水素ニカリウム０．０６ｇを溶解し、液体肥料基液を調製した。この液体肥料基液４００ｍＬに上記の白色粉末（Ａ）０．０４ｇを溶解し、濃度０．０１％の桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を作製した。
<The hatching test for poinsettia seedlings of liquid fertilizer composition containing potassium cinnamate (4-component system)>
[Example 7]
At 20 ° C., potassium nitrate 0.19, ammonium nitrate 0.1 g and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.06 g were dissolved in 400 mL of distilled water to prepare a liquid fertilizer base solution. 0.04 g of the above white powder (A) was dissolved in 400 mL of this liquid fertilizer base solution to prepare a 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (4-component system).
次に、草丈約４ｃｍのポインセチア苗（プレミアムレッド種）を５号鉢（直径１４．５ｃｍ、深さ１４．５ｃｍ）に定植し、栽培を続け、３〜４日に１回、１鉢当り１００ｍＬの上記０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を３０鉢の栽培用土に添加した。栽培７６日目に、各栽培鉢苗の用土面からポインセチア苗の頭頂部までの長さを測定し、下記式で矮化率（％）を算出し、桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）の矮化効果を調べた。
矮化率（％）＝〔（比較例３の草丈−実施例７の草丈）／比較例３の草丈〕×１００
Next, poinsettia seedlings (premium red seeds) with a plant height of about 4 cm are planted in No. 5 pot (diameter 14.5 cm, depth 14.5 cm), and continue to grow, once every 3-4 days, 100 mL per pot The above-mentioned 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (4-component system) was added to 30 pots of cultivation soil. On the 76th day of cultivation, the length from the soil surface of each cultivation pot seedling to the top of the poinsettia seedling was measured, and the hatching rate (%) was calculated by the following formula. The hatching effect of the component system was investigated.
Hatching ratio (%) = [(plant height of Comparative Example 3−plant height of Example 7) / plant height of Comparative Example 3] × 100
結果は、後記する表３に示されるとおりであった。矮化率算出の結果、０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は１５．９％を示し、０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）の矮化効果を確認できた。 The results were as shown in Table 3 below. As a result of calculating the hatching rate, the hatching rate of the poinsettia seedling to which 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (four-component system) was added showed 15.9%, and 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid The hatching effect of the fertilizer composition (4-component system) could be confirmed.
［実施例８］
桂皮酸カリウム濃度を０．０５％としたこと以外は実施例７と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、後記する表３に示されるとおりであった。０．０５％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は１８．８％を示し、０．０１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の場合（実施例７）よりも顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 8]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the potassium cinnamate concentration was 0.05%, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 3 below. The hatching rate of poinsettia seedlings added with 0.05% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (4-component system) showed 18.8%, and 0.01% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (4-component system) ) Was confirmed to have a more significant hatching effect than in the case of poinsettia seedlings added with (Example 7).
［実施例９］
桂皮酸カリウム濃度を０．１％としたこと以外は実施例７と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、後記する表３に示されるとおりであった。０．１％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は２３．８％に達し、０．０５％桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）を添加したポインセチア苗の場合（実施例８）よりもさらに顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 9]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the potassium cinnamate concentration was 0.1%, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 3 below. Poinsettia seedling added with 0.1% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (4-component system) reached 23.8%, and 0.05% potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (4-component system) ) Was further confirmed in the hatching effect than in the case of poinsettia seedlings added with Example 8 (Example 8).
［比較例３］
ポインセチア苗栽培鉢に桂皮酸カリウムを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例７と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、下記の表３に示されるとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 3]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 7 except that potassium cinnamate was not added to the poinsettia seedling cultivation pot, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 3 below.
以上の結果から、本発明の桂皮酸カリウム配合液体肥料組成物（４成分系）が、ポインセチア苗の成長を効果的に抑制でき、同苗の矮化に有効であることが明らかになった。 From the above results, it became clear that the potassium cinnamate-containing liquid fertilizer composition (four-component system) of the present invention can effectively suppress the growth of poinsettia seedlings and is effective for hatching the seedlings.
＜桂皮酸ナトリウム粉末の調製＞
９０℃の蒸留水６５０ｍＬに水酸化ナトリウムと桂皮酸を徐々に加えて溶解し、濃度１０％の桂皮酸水溶液を調製した。次にこの溶液を２５℃まで冷却した後、４℃で１２時間放置し、白色物質を析出させた。この白色物質を取り出し、風乾の後、１０５℃で６時間乾燥し、白色粉末を得た。この白色粉末を以下、白色粉末（Ｂ）と呼ぶ。白色粉末（Ａ）と同様に蛍光Ｘ線分析、赤外分光スペクトル測定、イオンクロマトグラム測定および桂皮酸成分を定量し、白色粉末（Ｂ）は桂皮酸ナトリウムであることを確認した。
<Preparation of sodium cinnamate powder>
Sodium hydroxide and cinnamic acid were gradually added and dissolved in 650 mL of distilled water at 90 ° C. to prepare an aqueous cinnamic acid solution having a concentration of 10%. Next, this solution was cooled to 25 ° C. and then allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 12 hours to precipitate a white substance. This white substance was taken out, air-dried and then dried at 105 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a white powder. Hereinafter, this white powder is referred to as white powder (B). As with the white powder (A), fluorescent X-ray analysis, infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement, ion chromatogram measurement and cinnamic acid component were quantified to confirm that the white powder (B) was sodium cinnamate.
＜桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液のポインセチア苗に対する矮化試験＞
［実施例１０］
上記白色粉末（Ｂ）を用いて、桂皮酸ナトリウム濃度が０．３％である水溶液を調製した。次に、草丈約６ｃｍのポインセチア苗（ミレニアム種）を５号鉢（直径１４．５ｃｍ、深さ１４．５ｃｍ）に定植し、栽培を続け、栽培１９日目と栽培４８日目に、１鉢当り１００ｍＬの上記０．３％桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液を３０鉢の栽培用土に添加した。栽培６３日目に、各栽培鉢の用土面からポインセチア苗の頭頂部までの長さを測定し、下記式で矮化率（％）を算出し、０．３％桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液の矮化効果を調べた。
矮化率（％）＝〔（実施例１０の草丈−比較例４の草丈）／比較例４の草丈〕×１００
<Hatching test for poinsettia seedling of sodium cinnamate aqueous solution>
[Example 10]
Using the white powder (B), an aqueous solution having a sodium cinnamate concentration of 0.3% was prepared. Next, poinsettia seedlings (millennium seeds) with a plant height of about 6 cm were planted in No. 5 pot (diameter 14.5 cm, depth 14.5 cm) and cultivation continued. 100 mL of the above-mentioned 0.3% sodium cinnamate aqueous solution was added to 30 pots of cultivation soil. On the 63rd day of cultivation, the length from the soil surface of each cultivation pot to the top of the poinsettia seedling was measured, the hatching rate (%) was calculated by the following formula, and the 0.3% sodium cinnamate aqueous solution was hatched The effect was investigated.
Hatching rate (%) = [(plant height of Example 10−plant height of Comparative Example 4) / plant height of Comparative Example 4] × 100
結果は後記する表４に示されるとおりであった。矮化率算出の結果、０．３％桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は２７．３％を示し、０．３％桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液の矮化効果を確認できた。 The results were as shown in Table 4 below. As a result of calculating the hatching rate, the hatching rate of the poinsettia seedling to which the 0.3% sodium cinnamate aqueous solution was added showed 27.3%, and the hatching effect of the 0.3% sodium cinnamate aqueous solution was confirmed.
［実施例１１］
ポインセチア苗栽培鉢に添加する桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液の桂皮酸ナトリウム濃度を０．５％としたこと以外は実施例１０と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、後記する表４に示されるとおりであった。０．５％桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液を添加したポインセチア苗の矮化率は３３．０％に達し、０．３％桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液を添加した場合（実施例１０）よりも顕著な矮化効果を確認できた。
[Example 11]
A hatching test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the sodium cinnamate concentration of the sodium cinnamate aqueous solution added to the poinsettia seedling cultivation pot was 0.5%, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 4 below. The hatching rate of poinsettia seedlings to which 0.5% sodium cinnamate aqueous solution was added reached 33.0%, and the hatching effect was more remarkable than when 0.3% sodium cinnamate aqueous solution was added (Example 10). It could be confirmed.
［比較例４］
ポインセチア苗栽培鉢に桂皮酸ナトリウムを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例１０と同様にして矮化試験を行い、矮化率を算出した。結果は、下記の表４に示されるとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 4]
A hatching test was performed in the same manner as in Example 10 except that sodium cinnamate was not added to the poinsettia seedling cultivation pot, and the hatching rate was calculated. The results were as shown in Table 4 below.
以上の結果から、本発明の桂皮酸ナトリウム水溶液が、ポインセチア苗の成長を効果的に抑制でき、同苗の矮化に有効であることが明らかになった。 From the above results, it was revealed that the sodium cinnamate aqueous solution of the present invention can effectively suppress the growth of poinsettia seedlings and is effective for hatching the seedlings.
［参考実験例１］
＜植物成長調節剤の水に対する溶解性試験＞
水温２０℃の水１００ｇに、下記の表５に記載の濃度となる桂皮酸カリウム粉末（白色粉末（Ａ））を加え、スターラーを用いて攪拌しつつ、水溶液が透明になるまでの時間を計測した。同様の実験を、桂皮酸ナトリウム粉末（白色粉末（Ｂ））および桂皮酸についても行った。結果は表５に示されるとおりであった。
[Reference Experimental Example 1]
<Solubility test of plant growth regulator in water>
To 100 g of water at a water temperature of 20 ° C., add potassium cinnamate powder (white powder (A)) having the concentration shown in Table 5 below, and measure the time until the aqueous solution becomes transparent while stirring with a stirrer. did. Similar experiments were performed for sodium cinnamate powder (white powder (B)) and cinnamic acid. The results were as shown in Table 5.
表５の結果から、本発明の植物成長調節剤である桂皮酸カリウム粉末は２０℃の水に３５％程度まで、桂皮酸ナトリウム粉末は５％程度までは確実に溶解することがわかった。特に、桂皮酸カリウム粉末は２５％程度までは、短い時間で容易に溶解した。このことから、桂皮酸カリウム粉末が、施用現場での施用液の調製などの際に高い実用性を具備していることが明らかになった。一方、桂皮酸粉末は水溶性が低く、水溶液の調製が困難であった。 From the results shown in Table 5, it was found that the potassium cinnamate powder, which is the plant growth regulator of the present invention, was reliably dissolved in water at 20 ° C. up to about 35%, and the sodium cinnamate powder was dissolved up to about 5%. In particular, potassium cinnamate powder was easily dissolved in a short time up to about 25%. From this, it became clear that the potassium cinnamate powder has high practicality when preparing the application liquid at the application site. On the other hand, cinnamic acid powder has low water solubility, making it difficult to prepare an aqueous solution.
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