JP2012086148A - Filtration apparatus - Google Patents
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本発明は液体中の懸濁物質の分離を行うろ過に関し、助剤とその助剤の保持用フィルターを有する助剤ろ過装置で、被ろ過液が全て濾過できる残液が残らない装置構造とろ過システムで、必要に応じて助剤の脱水、乾燥を行う技術を提供する。また、使用済みろ過助剤を必要に応じて水洗浄し、一定水分まで脱水または乾燥処理することができる助剤ろ過、脱水、乾燥技術に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to filtration for separating suspended substances in a liquid, and is an auxiliary filter device having an auxiliary agent and a filter for holding the auxiliary agent. The system provides technology to dehydrate and dry the auxiliary agent as needed. Further, the present invention relates to an auxiliary filtration, dehydration, and drying technique that can wash used filter aid with water as necessary, and can perform dehydration or drying treatment to a constant moisture.
助剤ろ過装置の代表的装置として珪藻土ろ過装置がある。装置形状は様々あり、大量処理から少量処理まで機種も豊富である。その中で、たとえば食品工場では多品種少量生産のために品種切り替え作業に伴うろ過残液処理における処理時間と処理の問題があり、また、使用済み助剤は一般に廃棄処理されてきたが、環境問題や低カーボン社会構築に向けての削減化、再利用、リサイクルの必要性、さらに液体清澄化におけるエネルギー効率の観点と資源有効活用の観点から、助剤使用量の削減化と省エネルギー化が強く求められる時代となってきている。（例えば、非特許文献１ 参照） There is a diatomaceous earth filtration device as a representative device of the auxiliary filtration device. There are various types of equipment, and there are abundant models from large-scale processing to small-scale processing. Among them, for example, in food factories, there is a problem of processing time and processing in the filtration residual liquid processing accompanying the product change work for the production of various products in small quantities, and the used auxiliaries have been generally disposed of. From the viewpoint of problems, the need for reduction, reuse and recycling for building a low-carbon society, and from the viewpoint of energy efficiency and effective use of resources in liquid clarification, the use of auxiliary agents and energy saving are strong. It is becoming an era that is required. (For example, see Non-Patent Document 1)
これまで、多品種化に対応するための残液を回収する助剤ろ過装置としてキャンドル型フィルターが開発されてきた。キャンドル型ろ過装置には、ケーシングの天井面からろ過フィルターを吊り下げたろ過フィルター吊下型と、ケーシングの底面にろ過フィルターを立設したろ過フィルター立設型があり、いずれもろ過装置内の残液回収が可能である。（例えば、特許文献１、２、３、４ 参照） So far, a candle type filter has been developed as an auxiliary filter device for collecting a residual liquid to cope with a variety of products. There are two types of candle-type filtration devices: a filtration filter suspension type in which a filtration filter is suspended from the ceiling surface of the casing, and a filtration filter standing type in which a filtration filter is erected on the bottom surface of the casing. Liquid recovery is possible. (For example, see Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4)
また、助剤の洗浄後の脱水を可能にしたろ過エレメント吊下型では別に立設エレメントを設けた助剤ろ過装置があるが自動化されていない。これらのろ過装置は、ろ過残液処理および助剤洗浄処理に必要な時間に制約がない場合と洗浄脱水ケーク回収作業に衛生面上、または作業時間の制約がない場合には十分使用が可能であった。（例えば、特許文献３ 参照） In addition, there is an auxiliary filtration device provided with an upright element in the filter element suspension type that enables dehydration after washing of the auxiliary, but it is not automated. These filtration devices can be used satisfactorily when there is no restriction on the time required for filtration residual liquid treatment and auxiliary agent washing treatment, and when there is no sanitary or work time restriction on the recovery of the dewatered cake. there were. (For example, see Patent Document 3)
一方、助剤の使用量を削減化する方法として、キャンドルフィルター構造をフィルター外面に助剤を堆積させる外圧型フィルターを改めてフィルター内面に助剤を堆積させる内圧型フィルターに変更し、前記内圧型フィルター面にリブを溶接した特殊形状の内圧型キャンドルフィルターにより、フィルター面での助剤の保持力を強化することで、助剤使用量が削減化できる助剤ろ過装置が開発されている。前記助剤ろ過装置により、助剤洗浄時間の削減と助剤使用量の低減化が図られると指摘している。（例えば、特許文献５ 参照） On the other hand, as a method for reducing the amount of auxiliary agent used, the internal pressure filter is changed to an internal pressure type filter in which the external pressure type filter that deposits auxiliary agent on the filter outer surface is replaced with an internal pressure type filter that deposits auxiliary agent on the inner surface of the filter. An auxiliary filter device has been developed that can reduce the amount of auxiliary agent used by strengthening the retention of auxiliary agent on the filter surface with a specially shaped internal pressure candle filter with ribs welded to the surface. It is pointed out that the auxiliary filter device can reduce the time for cleaning the auxiliary agent and the amount of auxiliary agent used. (For example, see Patent Document 5)
医薬品、化成品、セラミックなどの微粒子を含有するスラリー用ろ過脱水乾燥装置では、水平円盤フィルターにより、前記スラリー中の微粒子をろ過脱水後、熱風乾燥で乾燥粉末とする方法が取られている。前記ろ過脱水乾燥装置は多機能を有するコンパクトな装置であるが、乾燥粉末製造能力がろ過面積に比例することから、スケールアップに限界があり、製造量の増加対応には同一機種を複数台設置する必要があった。（例えば、非特許文献２、３ 参照） In a filtration and dehydration drying apparatus for slurries containing fine particles such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and ceramics, a method is used in which fine particles in the slurry are filtered and dehydrated by a horizontal disk filter and then dried by hot air drying. The filtration dehydration and drying device is a compact device with multiple functions, but because the dry powder production capacity is proportional to the filtration area, there is a limit to scale-up, and multiple units of the same model are installed to cope with the increase in production volume. There was a need to do. (For example, see Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3)
非特許文献１に示すように、食品や健康食品、醸造発酵製品、医薬品などの製造工程で広く使用されている助剤ろ過装置、特に珪藻土ろ過装置には多数の形式があるが、少量多品種化に対応するために残液を全てろ過することができるろ過装置は限られている。その中で、ろ過装置内に残留する残液が回収できる助剤ろ過脱水装置が開発されてきたが、残液処理時間が長いこと、また資源の有効活用の観点から洗浄脱水した脱水ケーク回収を行うために多量の高圧空気と水資源が使われ、エネルギー消費の削減化が課題であった。 As shown in Non-Patent Document 1, there are many types of auxiliary filter devices, particularly diatomaceous earth filter devices widely used in the production process of foods, health foods, brewed fermented products, pharmaceuticals, etc. In order to cope with the conversion, there are limited filtration devices that can filter the entire residual liquid. Among them, auxiliary filtration dehydration equipment that can recover the residual liquid remaining in the filtration apparatus has been developed, but the residual liquid treatment time is long, and the dewatered cake recovered by washing and dewatering can be recovered from the viewpoint of effective use of resources. A large amount of high-pressure air and water resources were used to do this, and the reduction of energy consumption was an issue.
特許文献１、２、３はろ過機内に残存する残液処理方法として残液回収専用フィルターを採用し、残液のろ過回収が可能であるが、ろ過装置内の残液量に対する残液処理用フィルター面積が少ないこと、メインのろ過フィルターから脱落する助剤が残液処理用フィルターに捕捉され助剤厚みがろ過抵抗となることから、高圧空気を用いる残液処理時間に長時間を要し、ろ過液の濁度が上昇する問題があった。このため、残液処理に必要な高圧空気量が増え、省エネルギー型ろ過装置の開発が求められていた。 Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 employ a residual liquid recovery filter as a residual liquid treatment method remaining in the filter, and the residual liquid can be recovered by filtration. Because the filter area is small, the auxiliary that falls off the main filtration filter is captured by the residual liquid treatment filter, and the auxiliary thickness becomes filtration resistance, so it takes a long time for the residual liquid treatment time using high-pressure air, There was a problem that the turbidity of the filtrate increased. For this reason, the amount of high-pressure air required for the residual liquid treatment has increased, and the development of an energy-saving filtration device has been demanded.
特許文献４は残液専用フィルターを用いずにろ過フィルターをケーシング底面の平板面に立設することで残液回収をも兼ねる構造となっている。このシンプルな構造により装置コストの低減化ができるのに対して、特許文献１、２、３が有する残液回収フィルターは装置構造を複雑にし、コスト増を招くと共に助剤ケーク回収にも課題が残るとしている。しかし、特許文献４においても、残液回収に要する時間は短縮できるが、装置の大型化に伴いやはり高圧空気使用量は多く、さらに助剤の脱水機能がないために特別な脱水装置を用いなければならず、リサイクル可能な助剤を回収する設備に関する記載もない。このため、特許文献４では省エネルギー型でリサイクル可能な助剤の回収が提供できていない。 Patent Document 4 has a structure that also serves as a residual liquid recovery by erecting a filtration filter on the flat plate surface of the bottom surface of the casing without using a dedicated filter for the residual liquid. While this simple structure can reduce the cost of the apparatus, the residual liquid recovery filters of Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 complicate the structure of the apparatus, resulting in increased costs and problems in collecting the auxiliary cake. It is going to remain. However, even in Patent Document 4, although the time required for collecting the residual liquid can be shortened, the amount of high-pressure air used is increased with the increase in the size of the apparatus, and a special dehydration apparatus must be used because there is no auxiliary dehydration function. There is no mention of equipment for collecting recyclable auxiliaries. For this reason, Patent Document 4 cannot provide an energy-saving and recyclable auxiliary agent.
特許文献１、２、３、４は、いずれも圧力容器内にキャンドル型フィルターを懸垂または立設する構造であるため、ろ過残液は容器内面とケークを有するフィルター外表面の空間部分に残る。このため、ろ過機が大型化すると前記残液量も増加し、残液処理時間も増加することになる。さらに、前記残液をフィルター外面から内面に向けて高圧空気などで押し出す場合、装置の大型化に伴い多量の高圧空気が必要となり、大型コンプレッサーの設置が必要不可欠でエネルギーロスを招いていた。 Since all of Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4 have a structure in which a candle-type filter is suspended or erected in a pressure vessel, the filtration residual liquid remains in the space portion of the outer surface of the filter having the inner surface of the container and the cake. For this reason, when the size of the filter is increased, the amount of the residual liquid is also increased, and the residual liquid treatment time is also increased. Furthermore, when extruding the residual liquid from the outer surface of the filter to the inner surface with high-pressure air or the like, a large amount of high-pressure air is required with the increase in size of the apparatus, and installation of a large compressor is indispensable, resulting in energy loss.
特許文献５は、特許文献１、２、３、４の問題点を解決するろ過装置の提案で、キャンドルフィルターの構造がリブを有する内圧型フィルターに変更されることでろ過機内の残液量がフィルター容量に限定されることから、前記残液を高圧空気でろ過処理した場合、高圧空気量が少なく、前記残液処理時間が短縮できるとしている。また、外圧型および内圧型キャンドルフィルターに堆積する助剤（例えば、珪藻土）には、原液の濁質性物質と原液成分が付着保持され、通常この液量は助剤重量の２倍とされ、厳密には製品ロスになるため、脱液率を上げることが望まれている。さらに、原液が有機物の場合には脱液された助剤であっても腐敗し、長時間の放置で異臭を放つことが多い。これを避けるため、温水と高圧空気を用いたバブリング洗浄が一般的に行われる。この洗浄時に助剤がフィルターから簡単に剥離してフィルターの目詰まりを起させないようにすることが重要で、特許文献１、２、３、４に示す外圧型キャンドルフィルターではフィルター内部からの高圧空気と水のバブリング作用で助剤（例えば、珪藻土）を浮遊させて洗浄し、特許文献１、２、４では助剤と水のスラリーをろ過装置外に廃棄する方法を、特許文献３ではろ過機内に内蔵する別のフィルターで助剤の脱水を行い脱水固形物としてろ過装置から排出する方法が提示されている。この場合においても、残液処理と同様に外圧型フィルターを有するろ過装置では助剤の洗浄に多量の水と多量の高圧空気が必要であり、省エネルギー型ろ過機と言えない。この点は、特許文献５の内圧型フィルター構造により洗浄水と高圧空気量の削減が可能で、省エネルギー型ろ過装置を提案できると言える。特許文献３では、平面構造の脱水用フィルターに付着した助剤ケークを手作業または高圧空気で剥離させる回収法であるが、助剤ケークの飛散や完全回収に課題があり非衛生的な作業形態であった。特許文献５では、リブを有する内圧型フィルター構造を生かして、脱水助剤を円筒ドーナツ状にフィルター表面に付着させることができ、省エネルギーで助剤の脱水が可能であるにも拘らず、リブとフィルター接合部に残留する助剤の除去が困難なこと、さらに懸垂するフィルター装置構造から容易に脱水ケークを取り出すことができず、詳細な記載はないが、特許文献１、２、４と同様に洗浄水と共に助剤をスラリーとしてろ過装置外部に排出せざるを得ない問題があった。 Patent Document 5 is a proposal of a filtration device that solves the problems of Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the amount of residual liquid in the filter is reduced by changing the structure of the candle filter to an internal pressure type filter having ribs. Since it is limited to the filter capacity, when the residual liquid is filtered with high-pressure air, the amount of high-pressure air is small and the residual liquid processing time can be shortened. In addition, auxiliary substances (for example, diatomaceous earth) deposited on the external pressure type and internal pressure type candle filters adhere and hold the turbidity substance and the raw solution components of the stock solution, and usually the amount of this solution is twice the weight of the aid, Strictly speaking, it leads to product loss, so it is desired to increase the liquid removal rate. Furthermore, when the stock solution is an organic substance, even if the auxiliary is drained, it often rots and gives off an odor when left for a long time. In order to avoid this, bubbling cleaning using warm water and high-pressure air is generally performed. It is important that the auxiliary agent does not easily peel off from the filter during this cleaning to cause clogging of the filter. In the external pressure candle filters shown in Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4, high-pressure air from the inside of the filter is used. And a water bubbling action to float and wash an auxiliary agent (for example, diatomaceous earth). In Patent Documents 1, 2, and 4, the auxiliary and water slurry is discarded outside the filtration device. A method is proposed in which the auxiliary agent is dehydrated by another filter built into the filter and discharged from the filtration device as a dehydrated solid. Even in this case, a filtration apparatus having an external pressure filter as in the case of the residual liquid treatment requires a large amount of water and a large amount of high-pressure air for cleaning the auxiliary agent, and cannot be said to be an energy saving filter. In this respect, it can be said that the amount of washing water and high-pressure air can be reduced by the internal pressure type filter structure of Patent Document 5, and an energy saving type filtering device can be proposed. In Patent Document 3, it is a recovery method in which the auxiliary cake attached to the dewatering filter having a planar structure is removed manually or with high-pressure air, but there is a problem in the scattering and complete recovery of the auxiliary cake, and the unsanitary work form Met. In Patent Document 5, utilizing the internal pressure type filter structure having ribs, the dehydrating aid can be attached to the filter surface in the form of a cylindrical donut. Although it is difficult to remove the auxiliary agent remaining in the filter joint, and the dewatering cake cannot be easily removed from the suspended filter device structure, there is no detailed description, but as in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 4. There was a problem that the auxiliary agent must be discharged out of the filtration apparatus as a slurry together with the washing water.
非特許文献２、３はろ過脱水乾燥装置の実用例が示されており、水平円盤型フィルターを用いることで、助剤ろ過や各種微粒子を含むスラリーのろ過ができ、容易にケークの脱水が可能で、さらにそのケークの乾燥までも加熱ヒーターなどを付帯させることでコンパクトなろ過脱水乾燥装置が提供できる。しかし、装置の能力増加を行う場合、フィルター面積を増加せねばならず、水平円盤フィルターの大型化に伴う大外径フィルターの製作上の制約と圧力容器としての構造上の問題があり、一定の大きさの装置を複数台設置しなければならない。さらに、助剤ろ過でこの形式の装置を用いた場合、ろ過装置容積に対するろ過フィルター面積の比率が小さいために脱水に伴う高圧空気量と助剤の洗浄に必要な洗浄水量が、使用助剤量に対して極めて大量になり、省エネルギー型ろ過装置になり得ない点が問題である。 Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 show practical examples of filtration and dehydration drying equipment. By using a horizontal disk-type filter, it is possible to filter auxiliary substances and slurry containing various fine particles, and to easily dewater cake. In addition, a compact filtration dehydration drying apparatus can be provided by attaching a heater or the like to the drying of the cake. However, when increasing the capacity of the device, the filter area must be increased, there are restrictions on the production of a large outer diameter filter due to the increase in the size of the horizontal disk filter and structural problems as a pressure vessel. It is necessary to install several large-sized devices. In addition, when this type of equipment is used for auxiliary filtration, the ratio of the filtration filter area to the filtration equipment volume is small, so the amount of high-pressure air that accompanies dehydration and the amount of washing water required to wash the auxiliary is the amount of auxiliary used. However, it is a problem that it becomes extremely large and cannot be an energy-saving filter.
本発明は、このような従来の問題を解決しようとするもので、ろ過終了時点での残液量を削減し、残液処理時間を短縮すると共に、助剤の洗浄脱水処理時間においても短時間処理が可能なろ過脱水装置を提供し、さらに必要に応じて脱水ケークの乾燥を短時間で行え、その上で乾燥ケークの排出および回収が簡便に行える装置の提供を目的にするものである。 The present invention is intended to solve such a conventional problem, and reduces the amount of residual liquid at the end of filtration, shortens the residual liquid processing time, and also shortens the cleaning and dehydrating time of the auxiliary agent. An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration and dehydration apparatus capable of processing, and further to provide an apparatus that can dry a dewatered cake in a short time if necessary, and that can easily discharge and collect the dried cake.
本発明は、一対の二種類の異なる形状のフィルターを有するろ過装置で、一方のフィルター内側に原液を供給し、ろ過清澄化された液の回収をする容器と、前記フィルターの端面内部に配置したもう一方のフィルターにより、前記フィルター内部の原液をろ過清澄化したろ過液を回収する容器を有しているろ過脱水装置を提供することにより上記課題を解決したものである。 The present invention is a filtration apparatus having a pair of two types of differently shaped filters, a stock solution is supplied inside one filter, and a container for collecting the filtered and clarified liquid is disposed inside the end face of the filter. The above-mentioned problem is solved by providing a filtration dehydration apparatus having a container for collecting a filtrate obtained by filtering and clarifying the stock solution inside the filter with the other filter.
前記二種類の異なる形状のフィルターは、一つは筒状のフィルター内面が平滑の筒状フィルターで、もう一つは前記筒状フィルターの内径よりも小径の板状もしくは筒状構造を有する端面フィルターで、前記筒状フィルターの端面に配置され、前記筒状フィルターと前記端面フィルターを一対としたフィルターユニットをろ過機本体に組み込んだろ過脱水装置である。 The two types of filters having different shapes include a cylindrical filter having a smooth cylindrical filter inner surface, and the other end plate filter having a plate-like or cylindrical structure having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the cylindrical filter. And a filter dehydrator in which a filter unit, which is disposed on an end surface of the cylindrical filter and includes a pair of the cylindrical filter and the end surface filter, is incorporated in a filter body.
また、前記ろ過機本体が回転可能となるように、前記ろ過機本体に中空パイプを接合し、前記中空パイプ内に原液、ろ過液、洗浄液、高圧空気、高温ガスの流体が供給できる配管およびバルブを付帯する構造で、前記ろ過機本体と前記中空パイプを支持回転可能とする軸受けを有するろ過脱水装置である。 Also, a pipe and a valve capable of connecting a hollow pipe to the filter body so that the filter body can rotate, and supplying a fluid of undiluted solution, filtrate, cleaning liquid, high-pressure air, and high-temperature gas into the hollow pipe Is a filtration dehydration apparatus having a bearing which can support and rotate the filter body and the hollow pipe.
さらに、前記ろ過脱水装置において、無機物、有機物およびその混合物から構成される微粒子を含有する懸濁液のろ過と高温ガス供給により脱液後の微粒子を乾燥することができるろ過脱水乾燥装置である。 Furthermore, in the filtration and dehydration apparatus, the filtration dehydration and drying apparatus can dry the fine particles after liquid removal by filtering a suspension containing fine particles composed of an inorganic substance, an organic substance, and a mixture thereof and supplying a high-temperature gas.
本発明は、懸濁微粒子を含む原液に予め添加されたろ過助剤を活用する助剤ろ過用フィルターとして、片側が開放されている筒状の内面が平滑な筒状フィルターと他端に前記筒状フィルターの内径よりも小径の板状もしくは筒状の端面フィルターを有する一対のフィルターユニットを用いることにより、ろ過の進行に伴い前記助剤ろ過に使われる助剤が前記筒状フィルター内面に堆積するにつれ、自ずと堆積助剤の表面内径が縮小する現象を利用し、結果として滞留する原液量が少なくなることに着目したものである。このような状態でろ過工程を終了させてろ過機本体内のろ過残液量の削減化が可能になる。そこで、前記筒状フィルター内に残存する少量の残液を前記端面フィルターによりろ過することで短時間の残液処理が可能になる。また、助剤の洗浄時には前記端面フィルターからの高圧空気と洗浄水のバブリングにより助剤の洗浄効果を促進することが可能で、しかも使用する洗浄水量と高圧空気量が少量で済むことから省エネルギー型ろ過脱水装置を提供することができる。 The present invention relates to a filter for auxiliary filtration utilizing a filter aid added in advance to a stock solution containing suspended fine particles, a cylindrical filter having a smooth cylindrical inner surface open on one side, and the cylinder on the other end. By using a pair of filter units having a plate-like or cylindrical end face filter smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the filter, the auxiliary agent used for the auxiliary agent filtration accumulates on the inner surface of the cylindrical filter as the filtration proceeds. As a result, the phenomenon that the surface inner diameter of the deposition aid is naturally reduced is utilized, and as a result, the amount of the stock solution that remains is reduced. In such a state, the filtration process is terminated, and the amount of filtration residual liquid in the filter body can be reduced. Therefore, a small amount of residual liquid remaining in the cylindrical filter is filtered by the end face filter, thereby enabling a short-time residual liquid treatment. In addition, when cleaning the auxiliary agent, the cleaning effect of the auxiliary agent can be promoted by bubbling the high-pressure air and the cleaning water from the end face filter, and the amount of cleaning water and high-pressure air used is small, so it is energy saving. A filtration dehydration apparatus can be provided.
本特許は、特許文献１、２、３に示される助剤ろ過装置同様に、残液回収用のフィルターが付帯しているが、前記特許文献１、２、３に記載される円筒外面のフィルターに助剤を堆積する方法においては、ろ過の進行に伴い堆積助剤外径が増加し、前記堆積助剤の円筒外面フィルターへの付着力は、ろ過圧力の維持に依存し、僅かな振動や原液ポンプの圧力変動などで剥離しやすい構造になっている。このため、残液処理操作において、ポンプ停止時の高圧空気加圧操作のタイミングと圧力調整が難しく、操作のミスに伴い前記堆積助剤の脱落により、前記残液回収用フィルターに過度の助剤が堆積し、益々残液処理時間が延長する現象が発生する。この現象は、本特許に示す前記筒状フィルター内面においては起こらず、ろ過の進行に伴い締まりながら助剤が堆積することから、残液処理において前記筒状フィルター内面からの助剤の脱落がなく、安定して短時間で残液処理が行われる。 This patent has a filter for collecting residual liquid as in the auxiliary filter device shown in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, but the cylindrical outer surface filter described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 In the method of depositing the auxiliary agent on the outer surface, the outer diameter of the auxiliary deposition agent increases with the progress of the filtration, and the adhesion force of the deposition auxiliary agent to the cylindrical outer surface filter depends on the maintenance of the filtration pressure, The structure is easy to peel off due to fluctuations in the pressure of the concentrate pump. For this reason, in the residual liquid treatment operation, the timing and pressure adjustment of the high-pressure air pressurization operation when the pump is stopped are difficult, and an excessive auxiliary agent is added to the residual liquid recovery filter due to the dropping of the deposition auxiliary agent due to an operational error. As a result, a phenomenon occurs in which the remaining liquid treatment time is prolonged. This phenomenon does not occur on the inner surface of the cylindrical filter shown in this patent, and the auxiliary agent accumulates while tightening as the filtration progresses, so that the auxiliary agent does not fall off from the inner surface of the cylindrical filter in the residual liquid treatment. Residual liquid processing is performed stably in a short time.
特許文献４は、外圧型外面フィルターを立設して助剤ろ過および助剤の洗浄を、大きなろ過面積を生かして、特許文献１、２、３に比べ処理時間の短縮が図れるものの、本特許が示す残液処理および助剤の洗浄脱水の全体の処理時間の短縮化と高圧空気と洗浄水の使用量の削減化には及ばず、特許文献４では実現できない省エネルギー型で脱水助剤の回収が可能なろ過脱水装置を本特許は提供できる。 In Patent Document 4, although an external pressure type outer surface filter is erected to perform auxiliary agent filtration and auxiliary agent cleaning, the processing time can be shortened compared with Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 by utilizing a large filtration area. Recovery of dehydration aid that is energy-saving and cannot be realized by Patent Document 4, which does not reach the reduction of the overall processing time of residual liquid treatment and cleaning and dehydration of auxiliary agent, and the use of high-pressure air and cleaning water. This patent can provide a filtration and dehydration apparatus capable of supporting the above.
本発明の前記端面フィルター面積に対する残液量の比率と特許文献１、２、３、４の前記外圧型外面フィルター面積に対する残液量の比率（Ｌ／ｍ２）を比較した場合、前者が後者よりも小さく、その結果残液処理時間の短縮が可能になる。また、助剤の洗浄においても同様な理屈により短時間で行えることから、本特許により高圧空気や洗浄水の使用量が削減化され、大型コンプレッサーなどのエネルギー多消費設備は不要で、省エネルギー型ろ過脱水装置が提供できる。また、ろ過機本体の回転により助剤の洗浄、脱水、脱水助剤ケークの回収が確実に簡便に行える。 When the ratio of the remaining liquid amount to the end surface filter area of the present invention is compared with the ratio (L / m 2 ) of the remaining liquid amount to the external pressure type outer surface filter area of Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4, the former is the latter As a result, the remaining liquid treatment time can be shortened. In addition, since the same reasoning can be used in the cleaning of auxiliaries in a short time, the use of high-pressure air and cleaning water is reduced by this patent, energy-consuming equipment such as a large compressor is unnecessary, and energy-saving filtration A dehydrator can be provided. In addition, the rotation of the filter body ensures the cleaning of the auxiliary agent, the dehydration, and the recovery of the dehydration auxiliary cake.
特許文献５は、本特許同様に内圧型フィルターを使用しているが、助剤のフィルター面への付着力を強化するためにリブを設け、その結果助剤使用量が減少できるとしたが、リブ構造により助剤の洗浄と脱水が効率良くできず、脱水助剤の回収が不可能であった。これに対して、本特許はろ過機本体を回転することができ、残液処理、助剤洗浄、助剤脱水、脱水ケーク回収の各工程が前記ろ過機本体の最適な位置に回転することで作業効率やエネルギー消費が少なくて済む運転が可能になる。 Patent Document 5 uses an internal pressure type filter as in this patent, but provided ribs to strengthen the adhesion of the auxiliary agent to the filter surface, and as a result, the auxiliary agent usage could be reduced. The rib structure did not allow efficient cleaning and dehydration of the auxiliaries, making it impossible to recover the dehydration auxiliaries. On the other hand, this patent can rotate the filter body, and each process of residual liquid processing, auxiliary agent cleaning, auxiliary agent dehydration, and dewatered cake recovery is rotated to the optimal position of the filter main body. Operation that requires less work efficiency and energy consumption becomes possible.
非特許文献２、３に示すろ過脱水乾燥装置は医薬品、化成品、セラミック製造に使われるが、装置のスケールアップにおいて円盤状フィルター構造に限界があり、さらにろ過面積当たりのホールド原液量の比率（L／ｍ２）が大きく、ろ過処理、脱水処理、乾燥処理の各工程における作業時間も長くなっていた。これに対して、本特許は、ろ過機本体とろ過面積を任意に増加でき、スケールアップが簡単に行えること、また、ろ過面積当たりのホールド原液量の比率（L／ｍ２）が前記筒状フィルターの採用で極めて小さくできることから、ろ過、脱水の時間短縮が可能である。脱水ケークの乾燥において、乾燥速度の増加を狙った場合、乾燥工程での熱移動量のＱ＝ＵＡΔＴlnで示されるU値（総括伝熱係数）の増加、脱水ケーク表面積Ａ（伝熱面積）の増加、ΔＴln（対数温度差）を高めることが乾燥速度の向上になるとされるが、非特許文献２、３に示される大型バッチ式ろ過乾燥装置の構造では、熱風などの熱媒体と被乾燥物である脱水ケークの接触面での乱流促進が構造的に難しく高いＵ値が望めないこと、さらに、処理量増加として制限されたろ過面積に対して被脱水乾燥物質の厚みの増加が必須であることから、被乾燥物単位重量当たりのろ過面積が小さくなる傾向があり、ろ過面積Ａの増加に制限がある。これに対して、本特許の前記筒状フィルター内を通過する乾燥用高温ガスの循環量を増加することにより、Ｕ値を高めることは可能で、また前記筒状フィルターの本数と長さの増加でろ過面積Ａは任意に増加できることから、乾燥時間の短縮化とエネルギー効率の向上は容易に図れる。以上のことから、本特許はろ過、脱水、乾燥を効率良く行うことが可能で省エネルギー型ろ過脱水乾燥装置を提供することが可能となる。一方、脱水されたケークまたは助剤および乾燥されたケークの前記ろ過脱水乾燥装置からの排出は、前記ろ過機本体を水平に回転させることにより、脱水および乾燥の完結が作業員の目視で容易に確認でき、脱水ケークまたは乾燥ケークはバキュームクリーナーにて簡便且つ衛生的に吸引回収される。このため装置外部へのケーク微粒子の飛散などが起こらず、微粉飛散に伴う作業環境の悪化などを惹起しないシステム提供が可能である。高付加価値製品である微粒子素材においては高品質を維持した形で、且つ毒物劇物である場合でも高効率かつ衛生的な操作で回収が可能となる。 The filtration dehydration and drying devices shown in Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 are used for manufacturing pharmaceuticals, chemical products, and ceramics. However, there is a limit to the disk-like filter structure in scale-up of the device, and the ratio of the amount of hold stock solution per filtration area ( L / m 2 ) was large, and the working time in each step of filtration, dehydration and drying was also long. On the other hand, this patent can arbitrarily increase the filter body and the filtration area, can be easily scaled up, and the ratio (L / m 2 ) of the hold stock solution per filtration area is the cylindrical shape. Since the filter can be made extremely small, the time for filtration and dehydration can be shortened. In the drying of dehydrated cake, when aiming to increase the drying speed, Q = UAΔT ln of heat transfer amount in the drying process, increase in U value (overall heat transfer coefficient), dehydrated cake surface area A (heat transfer area) The increase in ΔT ln (logarithmic temperature difference) is said to improve the drying speed. However, in the structure of the large batch filtration drying apparatus shown in Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3, the heat medium such as hot air It is structurally difficult to promote turbulent flow at the contact surface of the dehydrated cake, which is a dry product, and a high U value cannot be expected. Since it is essential, the filtration area per unit weight to be dried tends to be small, and the increase in the filtration area A is limited. On the other hand, it is possible to increase the U value by increasing the circulation amount of the drying hot gas passing through the cylindrical filter of this patent, and increase the number and length of the cylindrical filters. Since the filtration area A can be arbitrarily increased, the drying time can be shortened and the energy efficiency can be easily improved. From the above, this patent can efficiently perform filtration, dehydration, and drying, and can provide an energy saving type filtration dehydration drying apparatus. On the other hand, the drainage of the dehydrated cake or auxiliary agent and the dried cake from the filtration dehydration drying device can be easily completed visually by the operator by rotating the filter body horizontally. The dehydrated cake or the dried cake can be easily and hygienically collected by a vacuum cleaner. For this reason, it is possible to provide a system in which the cake fine particles are not scattered outside the apparatus and the work environment is not deteriorated due to the fine powder scattering. The particulate material, which is a high-value-added product, can be collected with high efficiency and hygienic operation even when it is a poisonous or deleterious substance while maintaining high quality.
図１はろ過機本体基本概念図
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２は本発明を適用したろ過機本体とその周辺機器のフロー図、図３はろ過機本体の構造図、図４は二種類のフィルター構造図、図５〜１０に助剤プリコート工程、ろ過工程、残液ろ過工程、水洗浄工程、助剤洗浄工程、助剤脱水工程、脱水助剤回収工程の一連の作業内容を示す工程図であり、図１１はろ過脱水乾燥装置概要図である。
Figure 1 shows the basic concept of the filter body
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2 is a flow diagram of a filter main body to which the present invention is applied and its peripheral devices, FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the filter main body, FIG. 4 is two types of filter structural diagrams, FIGS. FIG. 11 is a process diagram showing a series of work contents of a residual liquid filtration step, a water washing step, an auxiliary agent washing step, an auxiliary agent dehydration step, and a dehydration auxiliary agent recovery step, and FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a filtration dehydration drying apparatus.
図１はろ過機本体基本概念図で、筒状フィルター９と端面フィルター１０に接続される筒状フィルター９を通過したろ過液、洗浄水、高圧空気の流体を回収する容器と端面フィルター１０を通過したろ過液、洗浄水、高圧空気の流体を回収する容器でろ過機本体が構成され、管状フィルター９、前記流体を回収する容器、端面フィルター１０をＡ−ＡならびにＢ−Ｂの矢印方向に切断したＡ−Ａ切断視ならびにＢ−Ｂ切断視で、管状フィルター９の形状および端面フィルター１０の形状が円盤状もしくは円筒状のフィルター概要を示している。 FIG. 1 is a basic conceptual diagram of a filter body, and passes through a container and an end face filter 10 for collecting a filtrate, washing water, and high-pressure air fluid that have passed through the tubular filter 9 connected to the tubular filter 9 and the end face filter 10. The filter body is composed of a container for collecting the filtrate, washing water, and high-pressure air fluid, and the tubular filter 9, the container for collecting the fluid, and the end face filter 10 are cut in the directions of arrows AA and BB. The outline of the filter in which the shape of the tubular filter 9 and the shape of the end face filter 10 are a disc shape or a cylindrical shape is shown in the cut AA view and the BB cut view.
図２は、助剤ろ過に必要な原液タンク１に付帯する前記助剤の均一攪拌をするための攪拌機２、循環タンク３に付帯する前記助剤の均一攪拌をするための攪拌機４、原液タンク１および循環タンク３に接続する配管１５、１７とバルブ１６、１９を介して送液用のポンプ５が接続され、配管２０、２１とバルブ１８およびロータリージョイント１３を介して、導水管１１、配管２４からろ過機本体６に流体が導入される。ろ過機本体６にはフィルターユニット３６が配置され、筒状フィルター９の内部他端の端面フィルター１０で構成されている。フィルターユニット３６を通過した流体はバルブ２５、２６、２７を介してろ過機本体６に直角に接合された導水管１１を通過し、ロータリージョイント１３を介して配管２８、バルブ２９を通過した流体はろ過液タンク１４に入る。一方バルブ３０を通過した流体は配管３１を通過して循環タンク３に戻る。また、配管２８に接続するバルブ３２は処理流体の排水系統に接続される。さらに、高圧空気の導入時は、一つは配管３５、バルブ１８を介して配管１７に接続、もう一つは配管３５、バルブ３３を介して配管２８に接続されろ過機本体６に導入される。 FIG. 2 shows a stirrer 2 for uniformly stirring the auxiliary agent attached to the stock solution tank 1 necessary for auxiliary filtration, a stirrer 4 for uniformly stirring the auxiliary agent attached to the circulation tank 3, and a stock solution tank. 1 and piping 15 and 17 connected to the circulation tank 3 and valves 16 and 19 are connected to a pump 5 for feeding liquid, and piping 20 and 21 are connected to a valve 18 and a rotary joint 13 through a water conduit 11 and piping. A fluid is introduced from 24 into the filter body 6. A filter unit 36 is disposed in the filter body 6, and is composed of an end face filter 10 at the other end of the cylindrical filter 9. The fluid that has passed through the filter unit 36 passes through the water conduit 11 that is joined to the filter body 6 at right angles via the valves 25, 26, and 27, and the fluid that has passed through the pipe 28 and valve 29 via the rotary joint 13 Enters the filtrate tank 14. On the other hand, the fluid passing through the valve 30 passes through the pipe 31 and returns to the circulation tank 3. Further, the valve 32 connected to the pipe 28 is connected to a drainage system for processing fluid. Further, when high-pressure air is introduced, one is connected to the pipe 17 via the pipe 35 and the valve 18, and the other is connected to the pipe 28 via the pipe 35 and the valve 33 and is introduced into the filter body 6. .
図３は、ろ過機本体構造図で、複数のフィルターユニット３６を設置することでろ過面積が任意に変更可能であることを示す。ろ過機本体６の中央部に導水管１１が直交する形で両サイドに接合され、導水管１１を回転軸としてろ過機本体６を回転可能とするための回転軸受１２が両サイドに設けられ、導水管１１の両端には回転自在のロータリージョイント１３が設置される。ろ過機本体６と導水管１１は、配管２４、バルブ２５、２６、２７で接続され、さらにロータリージョイント１３には配管２１、２８が接続され、バルブ１８、２２、２９、３０を介して配管２３、３１が接続される。また、フィルターユニット３６のＤ−Ｄ矢視の縦断面図をろ過機本体６内に示した。さらにろ過機本体６およびフィルターユニット３６のＣ−Ｃ矢視の断面図を示した。 FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the filter body, and shows that the filtration area can be arbitrarily changed by installing a plurality of filter units 36. The water guide pipe 11 is joined to both sides in a shape orthogonal to the central part of the filter body 6, and rotary bearings 12 are provided on both sides for enabling the filter body 6 to rotate about the water guide pipe 11 as a rotation axis. A rotatable rotary joint 13 is installed at both ends of the water conduit 11. The filter body 6 and the water conduit 11 are connected by a pipe 24 and valves 25, 26, and 27, and further, pipes 21 and 28 are connected to the rotary joint 13, and the pipe 23 is connected via the valves 18, 22, 29, and 30. , 31 are connected. Moreover, the longitudinal cross-sectional view of DD of the filter unit 36 is shown in the filter body 6. Furthermore, sectional drawing of CC main body and the filter unit 36 of CC arrow was shown.
図４はフィルター構造図で、フィルターユニット３６の構成と筒状フィルター９および端面フィルター１０の一例を示す。例えば、筒状フィルター９に適する構造としては、小孔を有する多孔板を円筒状に成型したものや小孔を有する焼結円筒でも良く、さらにウエッジワイヤーを円筒状に加工した内面が平滑な構造物でも良い。また、端面フィルター１０の事例としては、円盤状の多孔盤や外面が平滑なウエッジワイヤーを用いた筒状のフィルター、さらに多孔板円筒や焼結管なども適用可能で、ろ過面積を増加できる円筒型フィルターが好ましい。 FIG. 4 is a structural view of the filter, showing the configuration of the filter unit 36 and an example of the cylindrical filter 9 and the end face filter 10. For example, a structure suitable for the cylindrical filter 9 may be a porous plate having small holes formed into a cylindrical shape or a sintered cylinder having small holes, and a structure in which the inner surface of a wedge wire processed into a cylindrical shape is smooth. Goods are also acceptable. Examples of the end face filter 10 include a disk-shaped perforated disk, a cylindrical filter using a wedge wire with a smooth outer surface, a perforated plate cylinder, a sintered tube, etc., and a cylinder that can increase the filtration area. A mold filter is preferred.
図５は助剤のプリコート工程図である。この工程では、フィルターユニット３６内部の端面フィルター１０を上部に配置するようにろ過機本体６を回転した状態で助剤を筒状フィルター９の内面と端面フィルター１０の外面にそれぞれプリコートする。この操作で、フィルターユニット３６内にある空気をろ過機本体６から排出することが可能で、この工程でのフィルターユニット３６の配置は、助剤のプリコート工程のみならず、本ろ過工程の初期に使う。所定量の原液と助剤を循環タンク３に供給し、攪拌機４により均一混合後、バルブ１９、１８、２５、２６、２７、３０を全開として、ポンプ５をゆっくり回転し、ろ過機本体６内に残存する空気を系外に排出した後、ポンプ５の回転数を増加し、配管３１から循環タンク３に循環しながら原液濁度の低減を待つ。所定の濁度になった段階で、本ろ過工程を始める。この時、循環タンク３の清澄な液をバルブ２９の全開とバルブ３０の全閉により透過液タンク１４に移送し、その液量の減少にあわせて、原液タンク１に添加された助剤の混合を攪拌機２により行いながら、バルブ１６を全開とし、バルブ１９を徐々に閉鎖して、本ろ過工程に入る。 FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an auxiliary agent pre-coating process. In this step, the auxiliary agent is precoated on the inner surface of the cylindrical filter 9 and the outer surface of the end surface filter 10 while the filter body 6 is rotated so that the end surface filter 10 inside the filter unit 36 is disposed on the upper part. By this operation, the air in the filter unit 36 can be discharged from the filter body 6, and the arrangement of the filter unit 36 in this process is not limited to the auxiliary pre-coating process, but also at the beginning of the main filtration process. use. A predetermined amount of the undiluted solution and the auxiliary agent are supplied to the circulation tank 3 and mixed uniformly by the stirrer 4. Then, the valves 19, 18, 25, 26, 27 and 30 are fully opened, the pump 5 is slowly rotated, and the filter body 6 After the remaining air is discharged out of the system, the number of rotations of the pump 5 is increased, and a reduction in the stock solution turbidity is awaited while circulating from the pipe 31 to the circulation tank 3. This filtration process is started when the predetermined turbidity is reached. At this time, the clear liquid in the circulation tank 3 is transferred to the permeate tank 14 by fully opening the valve 29 and fully closing the valve 30, and mixing of the auxiliary agent added to the stock solution tank 1 as the liquid volume decreases. , The valve 16 is fully opened and the valve 19 is gradually closed to enter the main filtration step.
図６は本ろ過工程図で、端面フィルター１０に助剤がプリコートされ、所定時間経過した後、ろ過機本体６を１８０度回転させ、端面フィルター１０のろ過を止めるため、バルブ２７を全閉とした時の配置図である。前記本ろ過工程が進展するに従って、ボディーフィード用助剤が筒状フィルター９の内面に徐々に堆積し、筒状フィルター９の内径が次第に減少することになる。この段階では原液タンク１の原液量が無くなり、筒状フィルター９内に残存する原液量も減少した状態で本ろ過工程は終了する。バルブ開閉操作に関しては、バルブ１６、１８、２５、２６、２９を全開とし、本ろ過終了時点でポンプ５および全てのバルブが全閉となる。 FIG. 6 is a diagram of the main filtration process. After the auxiliary filter is precoated on the end face filter 10 and a predetermined time has passed, the filter body 6 is rotated 180 degrees to stop the filtration of the end face filter 10 and the valve 27 is fully closed. FIG. As the main filtration process progresses, the body feed aid gradually accumulates on the inner surface of the tubular filter 9, and the inner diameter of the tubular filter 9 gradually decreases. At this stage, this filtration step is completed with the stock solution in the stock solution tank 1 running out and the stock solution remaining in the cylindrical filter 9 also being reduced. Regarding the valve opening / closing operation, the valves 16, 18, 25, 26, and 29 are fully opened, and the pump 5 and all the valves are fully closed at the end of the main filtration.
図７は残液ろ過工程図で、配管１７および２１、導水管１１、配管２４、バルブ１８、２５、２６、２７、２９そしてポンプ５、ろ過機本体６、フィルターユニット３６に残留する原液を高圧空気によりろ過処理回収する操作である。この工程は、高圧空気が配管３５から全開のバルブ１８を通過し、前記配管内の残液をフィルターユニット３６にてろ過し、前記残液が筒状フィルター９内に集合した段階で、バルブ２５を全閉、バルブ２６、２７を全開して筒状フィルター９および端面フィルター１０による残液処理を行う操作である。この操作で、配管およびバルブ内の残液は完全にろ過回収される。 FIG. 7 is a residual liquid filtration process diagram. The pipes 17 and 21, the conduit pipe 11, the pipe 24, the valves 18, 25, 26, 27, and 29 and the stock solution remaining in the pump 5, the filter body 6, and the filter unit 36 are high-pressure. This is an operation of collecting and recovering by filtration with air. In this step, high-pressure air passes through the fully open valve 18 from the pipe 35, the residual liquid in the pipe is filtered by the filter unit 36, and the residual liquid gathers in the cylindrical filter 9. Is fully closed, the valves 26 and 27 are fully opened, and the residual liquid treatment by the cylindrical filter 9 and the end face filter 10 is performed. By this operation, the residual liquid in the pipe and the valve is completely collected by filtration.
図８は装置および助剤の水洗浄工程図で、バルブ２９を全閉、バルブ３０を全開として循環系を確保しながらろ過機本体６を１８０度回転し、端面フィルター１０を丁部に配置して循環タンク３に供給される洗浄水（冷水または温水）をポンプ５により循環し、配管１７、２０、２１、導水管１１、配管２４、２８、３１およびバルブ１９、１８、２５、２６、２７、３０内の洗浄を兼ねながらフィルターユニット３６に付着している助剤とろ過機本体６の洗浄を行う。また、この操作で助剤の洗浄が不十分の場合は、フィルターユニット３６に付着する助剤を高圧空気により循環タンク３に戻す操作を行い、循環タンク３に付属する攪拌機４により十分攪拌して助剤の汚れを洗浄水で洗浄する。この操作手順は、フィルターユニット３６に付着する助剤を循環タンク３内に戻す操作で、ポンプ５を停止し、バルブ１８、３０を全閉に、バルブ２２、２５、２６、２７、３３を全開として高圧空気配管３５から配管２８、導水管１１内およびろ過機本体６内の洗浄水によりフィルターユニット３６に付着する助剤を導水管１１および配管２３を介して循環タンク３に回収する。循環タンク３内で攪拌機４により回収された助剤を攪拌洗浄し、その後、図４と同様なプリコート工程に戻る。最終的には洗浄水はバルブ２２、３０、３３を全閉、バルブ３２を全開として排水系に排出される。 FIG. 8 is a water washing process diagram of the apparatus and auxiliary agent. The valve 29 is fully closed, the valve 30 is fully opened, and the filter body 6 is rotated by 180 degrees while ensuring the circulation system, and the end face filter 10 is arranged at the couch. Washing water (cold water or hot water) supplied to the circulation tank 3 is circulated by the pump 5, and the pipes 17, 20, 21, the conduit pipe 11, the pipes 24, 28, 31 and the valves 19, 18, 25, 26, 27 are circulated. , The auxiliary agent adhering to the filter unit 36 and the filter main body 6 are cleaned while also cleaning the interior of the filter 30. In addition, when the cleaning of the auxiliary agent is insufficient by this operation, the auxiliary agent adhering to the filter unit 36 is returned to the circulation tank 3 with high-pressure air, and sufficiently stirred by the stirrer 4 attached to the circulation tank 3. Clean the auxiliaries with wash water. In this operation procedure, the auxiliary agent adhering to the filter unit 36 is returned to the circulation tank 3, and the pump 5 is stopped, the valves 18, 30 are fully closed, and the valves 22, 25, 26, 27, 33 are fully opened. As a result, the auxiliary agent adhering to the filter unit 36 from the high-pressure air pipe 35 to the pipe 28, the water conduit 11 and the filter main body 6 is collected in the circulation tank 3 via the water conduit 11 and the pipe 23. The auxiliary agent collected by the stirrer 4 in the circulation tank 3 is stirred and washed, and then the process returns to the same pre-coating process as in FIG. Finally, the wash water is discharged into the drainage system with the valves 22, 30, 33 fully closed and the valve 32 fully opened.
図９はフィルターユニット３６に付着する洗浄済み助剤の脱水工程である。操作手順はろ過機本体６を再度転倒して端面フィルター１０が底部に配置し、洗浄排水を行うためにバルブ２９を全閉、バルブ３２を全開とし、循環タンク３内の洗浄水がなくなると同時に、バルブ１９を全閉、ポンプ５を停止、高圧空気配管３５より全開としたバルブ１８を介して高圧空気が配管１７、２０、２１、１１、２８さらにバルブ１８、２５、２６、２７、またろ過機本体６およびフィルターユニット３６内の洗浄水残液がバルブ３２を介して排出される。この操作で、フィルターユニット３６内に残存する洗浄水はもとより、助剤に含まれる洗浄水が脱水される。 FIG. 9 shows a dehydration process of the cleaned auxiliary material adhering to the filter unit 36. As for the operation procedure, the filter body 6 is turned over again, the end face filter 10 is disposed at the bottom, the valve 29 is fully closed and the valve 32 is fully opened to perform cleaning drainage, and at the same time the cleaning water in the circulation tank 3 runs out. The valve 19 is fully closed, the pump 5 is stopped, and the high-pressure air is piped 17, 20, 21, 11, 28, and the valves 18, 25, 26, 27, and filtered through the valve 18 that is fully opened from the high-pressure air pipe 35. The residual cleaning water in the machine body 6 and the filter unit 36 is discharged through the valve 32. By this operation, not only the washing water remaining in the filter unit 36 but also the washing water contained in the auxiliary agent is dehydrated.
図１０は脱水助剤をろ過機本体６から系外に排出する脱水助剤回収工程図である。バルブ１８を全閉としろ過機本体６内の圧力がないことを確認した後、ろ過機本体６を９０度回転し、ろ過機開閉蓋７をダンパー８により開き、筒状フィルター９および端面フィルター１０に付着している脱水助剤ケークをバキュームクリーナーにより吸引排出する。この時、全てのバルブは全閉である。この工程は、脱水助剤ケークの性状を確認しながら行えることから、脱水助剤ケークの再利用の品質管理も行われる。 FIG. 10 is a dehydration aid recovery process diagram for discharging the dehydration aid from the filter body 6 to the outside of the system. After the valve 18 is fully closed and it is confirmed that there is no pressure in the filter main body 6, the filter main body 6 is rotated 90 degrees, the filter open / close lid 7 is opened by the damper 8, and the cylindrical filter 9 and the end face filter 10. Vacuum the dehydration aid cake adhering to the vacuum cleaner with a vacuum cleaner. At this time, all valves are fully closed. Since this step can be performed while confirming the properties of the dewatering aid cake, quality control of reuse of the dewatering aid cake is also performed.
図１１は別な用途として微粒子を含む懸濁液体のろ過、脱水、乾燥用装置概要図 で、またろ過機本体６にフィルターユニット３６およびＤ−Ｄ矢視の筒状フィルター９および端面フィルター１０の縦断面図を示している。供給される流体が、通常のろ過脱水装置で使われる高圧空気、洗浄水、プロセス液に加えて乾燥用熱風や乾燥用蒸気などの高温ガスが必要となるため、ろ過機本体６の構造や付帯する配管やバルブの形状やサイズ変更が必要となる。微粒子を含有する原液は、循環タンク３に直接供給され、所定のプリコート工程を済ませた後に、本ろ過工程、その後原液がなくなった段階で、ケーク脱水工程が行われるため、図１における原液タンク１、原液用攪拌機２、配管１５、バルブ１７、高圧空気配管３５、バルブ３２は不要となる。また場合によっては透過液タンク１４、バルブ３４も不要である。一方、ケークの乾燥に必要な高温ガス（熱風および高温蒸気）の供給に必要な高温ガス発生器は配管２３と接続され、バルブ２２を介して、ろ過機本体６およびフィルターユニット３６に供給される。高温排ガスはバルブ２５、２６、２７および導水管１１、配管２８を通過してバルブ２９から系外に排出される。この乾燥工程は、懸濁微粒子の性状に応じてフィルターユニット３６のろ過工程を変更し乾燥効率を向上する操作も可能である。即ち、懸濁微粒子が大きい場合は、高温ガスが脱水ケーク層を直接通過することでケークの乾燥が可能であるため、フィルターユニット３６の双方共に懸濁粒子を付着させるろ過工程を行う。しかし、懸濁粒子が微細な場合は、脱水ケーク層内への高温ガスの通過は圧力損失による大きなエネルギーロスとなるため、筒状フィルター９にのみ懸濁微粒子を付着させ、端面フィルター１０には前記懸濁微粒子を付着させない。この操作で、前記高温ガスは前記脱水ケーク層表面に平行に沿って端面フィルター１０を通過して装置系外へ排出される。 FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an apparatus for filtering, dehydrating and drying a suspension containing fine particles as another application, and the filter unit 36 and the cylindrical filter 9 and the end face filter 10 as viewed from the direction of the arrow DD in the filter body 6. A longitudinal sectional view is shown. Since the fluid to be supplied requires high-temperature air such as hot air for drying and steam for drying in addition to high-pressure air, washing water, and process liquid used in ordinary filtration and dehydration equipment, the structure of the filter body 6 and the incidental It is necessary to change the shape and size of piping and valves. The stock solution containing the fine particles is directly supplied to the circulation tank 3, and after the predetermined pre-coating step is completed, the cake dehydration step is performed after the main filtration step and then the stock solution is exhausted. The stock solution agitator 2, the pipe 15, the valve 17, the high-pressure air pipe 35, and the valve 32 are not necessary. In some cases, the permeate tank 14 and the valve 34 are not required. On the other hand, a high-temperature gas generator required for supplying high-temperature gas (hot air and high-temperature steam) required for drying the cake is connected to the pipe 23 and supplied to the filter body 6 and the filter unit 36 via the valve 22. . The high temperature exhaust gas passes through the valves 25, 26 and 27, the water guide pipe 11 and the pipe 28, and is discharged from the valve 29 to the outside of the system. In this drying step, an operation for improving the drying efficiency by changing the filtration step of the filter unit 36 according to the properties of the suspended fine particles is also possible. In other words, when the suspended fine particles are large, the cake can be dried by passing the hot gas directly through the dehydrated cake layer, and therefore, both the filter units 36 perform a filtration step for adhering the suspended particles. However, when the suspended particles are fine, the passage of the hot gas into the dewatered cake layer results in a large energy loss due to pressure loss. Therefore, suspended particles are attached only to the cylindrical filter 9 and the end face filter 10 The suspended fine particles are not adhered. By this operation, the high-temperature gas passes through the end face filter 10 parallel to the surface of the dehydrated cake layer and is discharged out of the apparatus system.
少量多品種製造が食品、健康食品、医薬品製造工程で進んでいる。その中にあって、珪藻土ろ過を代表とする助剤ろ過操作において、原液の回収率を高めることとその処理時間の短縮、さらに回収される助剤ケークの再利用、リサイクル処理が要求されてきた。本発明はそのようなニーズに合わせて、原液回収率の向上を目指し、助剤に付着する原液量をも可能な限り回収できるろ過装置として考案されたものである。また、助剤ケークは洗浄脱水が十分なされていれば再利用可能で、その面からも洗浄、脱水の高い効率性を実現化するものである。
一方、医薬品、セラミック、化成品製造工程での固液分離操作にろ過、脱水、乾燥の一連の操作を単一装置で行うメリットが大きい製品群がある。このような製品群を対象として本発明のろ過脱水乾燥装置を活用することは、製造量の大小に対する設計のフレキシビリティーとコンパクトな装置容量に対する大きなろ過面積と乾燥面積が提供できることから、高効率かつ安価なシステム提案が可能になる。
Small-lot, multi-product manufacturing is progressing in the food, health food, and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Among them, in the auxiliary filtration operation represented by diatomaceous earth filtration, it has been required to increase the recovery rate of the stock solution, shorten the processing time, reuse the recovered auxiliary cake, and recycle processing. . The present invention has been devised as a filtration device capable of recovering as much as possible the amount of the stock solution adhering to the auxiliary agent in order to improve the stock solution recovery rate in accordance with such needs. Further, the auxiliary cake can be reused if the washing and dehydration is sufficient, and from this aspect, the cleaning and dehydrating efficiency is realized.
On the other hand, there is a product group that has a great merit in performing a series of operations of filtration, dehydration, and drying in a single device in solid-liquid separation operations in pharmaceutical, ceramic, and chemical product manufacturing processes. Utilizing the filtration dehydration drying device of the present invention for such a product group can provide a large filtration area and drying area for a large amount of production and a large filtration area and drying area for a compact device capacity. In addition, an inexpensive system proposal can be made.
１：原液タンク
２：原液攪拌機
３：循環タンク
４：循環液攪拌機
５：ポンプ
６：ろ過機本体
７：ろ過機開閉蓋
８：ダンパー
９：筒状フィルター
１０：端面フィルター
１１：導水管
１２：回転軸受け
１３：ロータリージョイント
１４：透過液タンク
１５−３５：配管およびバルブ
３６：筒状フィルターおよび端面フィルターで構成されるフィルターユニット
1: Stock solution tank
2: Stock solution agitator 3: Circulation tank 4: Circulating fluid agitator 5: Pump
6: Filter body 7: Filter open / close lid 8: Damper 9: Cylindrical filter 10: End face filter 11: Conduit 12: Rotating bearing 13: Rotary joint 14: Permeate tank 15-35: Piping and valve 36: Tube Unit consisting of a filter and an end face filter
Claims (4)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2010234775A JP2012086148A (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2010-10-19 | Filtration apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010234775A JP2012086148A (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2010-10-19 | Filtration apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2012086148A true JP2012086148A (en) | 2012-05-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113813695A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-21 | 泰安金冠宏食品科技有限公司 | Fine filtering device for animal fat production |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113813695A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-21 | 泰安金冠宏食品科技有限公司 | Fine filtering device for animal fat production |
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