JP2012050193A - Commutator motor and cleaner mounted with said motor - Google Patents

Commutator motor and cleaner mounted with said motor Download PDF

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JP2012050193A
JP2012050193A JP2010188161A JP2010188161A JP2012050193A JP 2012050193 A JP2012050193 A JP 2012050193A JP 2010188161 A JP2010188161 A JP 2010188161A JP 2010188161 A JP2010188161 A JP 2010188161A JP 2012050193 A JP2012050193 A JP 2012050193A
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commutator
brush
brushes
pair
motor
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JP5206751B2 (en
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Hiroshi Numakura
弘 沼倉
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem which is related to a conventional commutator motor in which a spark that occurs between a brush and a commutator is suppressed, and which includes, for example, a first carbon brush element of low specific resistance arranged on a rectification start side and a second carbon brush element of high specific resistance which is arranged on a rectification end side, with the problem being that since the first brush and the second brush are in such structure as they are bonded or contacted by surface, the first brush and the second brush jumps at the same time to cause a spark when one brush rides on a carbon coat and an oxide coat formed on one copper surface of the commutator.SOLUTION: The occurrence of a spark can be suppressed, since a pair of brushes are arranged along the direction of rotational shaft of a commutator and the pair of brushes are subjected to line contact with each other, resulting in a small friction between the brushes, and even if one of the pair of brushes jumps, the other brush keeps contacted to the commutator.

Description

本発明は整流子モータ及びこの整流子モータを搭載した電気掃除機に関する。   The present invention relates to a commutator motor and a vacuum cleaner equipped with the commutator motor.

一般的に、整流子モータに設けられたブラシの寿命を延ばすには、ブラシと整流子との間に発生する火花を抑制することが有効であることが知られている。このようにブラシと整流子との間に発生する火花を抑制した従来の整流子モータとして、例えば「整流開始側に配置した比抵抗の小さい第１のカーボンブラシ要素と、整流終了側に配置した比抵抗の大きい第２のカーボンブラシ要素と、第１および第２のカーボンブラシ要素を整流子に弾接させるブラシばねと、第１および第２のカーボンブラシ要素を電気的に接続する接続手段とを備えた」ものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Generally, in order to extend the life of a brush provided in a commutator motor, it is known that it is effective to suppress a spark generated between the brush and the commutator. As a conventional commutator motor that suppresses the spark generated between the brush and the commutator in this way, for example, “a first carbon brush element having a small specific resistance disposed on the commutation start side and a commutation end side” A second carbon brush element having a large specific resistance; a brush spring for elastically contacting the first and second carbon brush elements to the commutator; and a connecting means for electrically connecting the first and second carbon brush elements. Have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開昭６１−７３５５０（第１図）JP-A-61-73550 (Fig. 1)

従来の整流子モータは、第１のブラシと第２のブラシは接着あるいは面接触している構造であるため、電動機の運転時間に比例して整流子の銅片表面に形成されるカーボン皮膜や酸化皮膜に片方のブラシが乗り上げると、第１のブラシと第２のブラシはブラシ同士の大きな摩擦力によって同時にジャンプすることとなり、このときに火花が発生する課題があった。   Since the conventional commutator motor has a structure in which the first brush and the second brush are bonded or in surface contact, the carbon film formed on the copper piece surface of the commutator in proportion to the operation time of the motor When one brush rides on the oxide film, the first brush and the second brush jump at the same time due to the large frictional force between the brushes, and there is a problem that sparks are generated at this time.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するためのものであり、ブラシのジャンプによる火花の発生を抑制する整流子モータおよび該モータを搭載した掃除機を提供する。   This invention is for solving the said subject, and provides the commutator motor which suppresses generation | occurrence | production of the spark by the jump of a brush, and the vacuum cleaner carrying this motor.

本発明に係る整流子モータは、整流子と、整流子に対して互いに独立して摺動可能であり、整流子の回転軸方向に並べられた一対のブラシと、一対のブラシを摺動自在に収納する有底筒状のブラシホルダと、ブラシホルダに収納され、一対のブラシを整流子に押圧する押圧部材と、を備え、一対のブラシ同士は、整流子の回転軸の放射方向に平行な線接触をする。   The commutator motor according to the present invention is slidable with respect to the commutator and the commutator independently of each other, and the pair of brushes arranged in the rotation axis direction of the commutator and the pair of brushes are slidable. A bottomed cylindrical brush holder and a pressing member which is stored in the brush holder and presses the pair of brushes against the commutator, and the pair of brushes are parallel to the radial direction of the rotation shaft of the commutator. Make a good line contact.

また、本発明に係る電気掃除機は、上記整流子モータを搭載したものである。   Moreover, the vacuum cleaner which concerns on this invention mounts the said commutator motor.

本発明によれば、ブラシ同士に働く摩擦力を小さくすることにより、一対のブラシの 片方がジャンプしてももう片方のブラシは追従しないで整流子に接触し続けるので、火花の発生を抑制することができる。   According to the present invention, by reducing the frictional force acting between the brushes, even if one of the pair of brushes jumps, the other brush does not follow and keeps contacting the commutator, thereby suppressing the occurrence of sparks. be able to.

この発明の実施の形態１の整流子モータの回転軸と平行方向の断面模式図。The cross-sectional schematic diagram of a direction parallel to the rotating shaft of the commutator motor of Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態１のブラシ周辺の概略俯瞰図。1 is a schematic overhead view around a brush according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. この発明の実施の形態１のブラシホルダを放射方向に垂直な線で切断した断面図。Sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the brush holder of Embodiment 1 of this invention with the line | wire perpendicular | vertical to a radial direction. この発明の実施の形態２の掃除機の概略図。Schematic of the vacuum cleaner of Embodiment 2 of this invention.

実施の形態１．
図１は、本実施の形態を示す整流子モータの回転軸と平行方向の断面模式図である。
整流子モータ１は、フレーム２、軸受３、回転軸４、整流子５、ブラシ６、電機子１０、固定子２０等から構成されている。フレーム２は、中空有底で略直方体形状のフレーム２aおよびフレーム２bを有しており、互いの開口部外周側に形成された鍔部で接合されている。フレーム２aおよびフレーム２bの底部略中央には、軸受３a及び軸受３bがそれぞれ設けられており、これら軸受３aおよび３bによって回転軸４が回転自在に支持されている。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the commutator motor showing the present embodiment.
The commutator motor 1 includes a frame 2, a bearing 3, a rotating shaft 4, a commutator 5, a brush 6, an armature 10, a stator 20, and the like. The frame 2 has a frame 2a and a frame 2b having a hollow bottom and a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and are joined by flanges formed on the outer peripheral sides of the openings. A bearing 3a and a bearing 3b are provided at substantially the center of the bottom of the frame 2a and the frame 2b, respectively, and the rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported by the bearings 3a and 3b.

回転軸４には、外周部に複数の歯車が形成された電機子鉄心１１が設けられている。これら歯部のそれぞれには電機子巻線１２が巻装され、電機子１０を構成している。また、回転軸４には、複数の整流子片で構成された整流子５が設けられており、各整流子片には、歯部に巻装された電機子巻線１２が接続されている。整流子５の回転軸方向には、整流子片を介して電機子巻線１２に電流を供給するブラシ６が設けられている。   The rotary shaft 4 is provided with an armature core 11 having a plurality of gears formed on the outer periphery. An armature winding 12 is wound around each of these tooth portions to constitute an armature 10. Further, the rotary shaft 4 is provided with a commutator 5 composed of a plurality of commutator pieces, and an armature winding 12 wound around a tooth portion is connected to each commutator piece. . In the direction of the rotation axis of the commutator 5, a brush 6 that supplies current to the armature winding 12 through a commutator piece is provided.

図２は図１の点線で囲ったブラシ６周辺の概略俯瞰図である。
ブラシ６は、互いに独立して可動する一対のブラシ６a、６bにて構成されている。ブラシ６a、６bは、フレーム２aに設けられた有底筒状のブラシホルダ７に収納されている。ブラシ６a、６bは、同じくブラシホルダ７に収納されているコイルスプリング３０によって押圧され整流子５に接触している。また、ブラシ６a、６bのコイルスプリング３０によって付勢されている側の端部には、給電用のピッグテール３１a、３１bがそれぞれ接続されている。ピッグテール３１a、３１bはコイルスプリング３０の内側に入っている。 FIG. 2 is a schematic overhead view of the vicinity of the brush 6 surrounded by a dotted line in FIG.
The brush 6 is composed of a pair of brushes 6a and 6b that are movable independently of each other. The brushes 6a and 6b are accommodated in a bottomed cylindrical brush holder 7 provided on the frame 2a. The brushes 6 a and 6 b are pressed by a coil spring 30 that is also housed in the brush holder 7 and is in contact with the commutator 5. Further, pigtails 31a and 31b for power feeding are connected to the ends of the brushes 6a and 6b on the side urged by the coil springs 30, respectively. The pigtails 31 a and 31 b are inside the coil spring 30.

図３は図１のブラシホルダを整流子の回転軸の放射方向に垂直な線Ａ−Ａで切断した断面図である。
ブラシ６aとブラシ６bは、図３に示すように対向する箇所はそれぞれ半円形状であり、互いの半円形状部同士が線接触している。また、ブラシホルダ７内壁と一対のブラシの外周の少なくとも一部とが面接触している。本実施の形態では、ブラシ６a、６bの半円形状部分以外の側面がブラシホルダ7の内壁面と面接触している。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the brush holder of FIG. 1 cut along a line AA perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotation axis of the commutator.
As shown in FIG. 3, the brush 6 a and the brush 6 b have a semicircular portion facing each other, and the semicircular portions are in line contact with each other. Further, the inner wall of the brush holder 7 and at least a part of the outer periphery of the pair of brushes are in surface contact. In the present embodiment, the side surfaces of the brushes 6 a and 6 b other than the semicircular portions are in surface contact with the inner wall surface of the brush holder 7.

次に、このように構成された整流子モータ1の運転動作について説明する。モータの端子間に交流電圧を印加すると、磁極片２１の一方に巻装された界磁巻線２２を介してブラシ６の一方に電流が流れる。そして、ブラシ６と整流子5との摺動接触による通電で電機子巻線１２に電流が流れる。そして、他方のブラシ６を介して磁極片２１の他方に巻装された界磁巻線２２に電流が流れることにより、整流子モータ１に駆動力を発生させている。   Next, the operation of the commutator motor 1 configured as described above will be described. When an AC voltage is applied between the motor terminals, a current flows through one of the brushes 6 via the field winding 22 wound around one of the pole pieces 21. A current flows through the armature winding 12 by energization by the sliding contact between the brush 6 and the commutator 5. A current flows through the field winding 22 wound around the other pole piece 21 via the other brush 6, thereby generating a driving force in the commutator motor 1.

次に、整流子モータ１駆動中に火花が出る仕組みについて説明する。
整流子モータ１駆動中に、整流子モータ１の運転時間に比例して整流子の銅片表面に形成されるカーボン皮膜や酸化皮膜にブラシ６aが乗り上げると、ブラシ６aはジャンプする。そしてブラシ６aが今まで接触していた整流子５から離れるときは、電機子巻線１２のリアクタンスの作用によりその整流子５とブラシ６aとの間に起電力が発生し火花を生ずる。 Next, a mechanism for generating a spark while the commutator motor 1 is driven will be described.
While the commutator motor 1 is being driven, when the brush 6a rides on a carbon film or an oxide film formed on the surface of the copper piece of the commutator in proportion to the operation time of the commutator motor 1, the brush 6a jumps. When the brush 6a moves away from the commutator 5 that has been in contact so far, an electromotive force is generated between the commutator 5 and the brush 6a due to the reactance of the armature winding 12, and a spark is generated.

しかしながら、本実施の形態では、一対のブラシ６a、６bが整流子５の回転軸方向に配置され、かつブラシ同士が線接触をしており、例えば片方のブラシ６aが皮膜に乗り上げた場合でも、ブラシ６aが整流子５から離れたときの起電力による電流はブラシ６bを経由して流れ、ブラシ６aで発生する火花を抑制することができる。   However, in the present embodiment, the pair of brushes 6a and 6b are arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the commutator 5, and the brushes are in line contact. For example, even when one brush 6a rides on the film, A current caused by an electromotive force when the brush 6a is separated from the commutator 5 flows through the brush 6b, and can suppress a spark generated in the brush 6a.

以上のように、本実施の形態では、一対のブラシ６a、６bを整流子５の回転軸方向に配置し、かつ一対のブラシ６a、６b同士が線接触をしているためブラシ６a、６b間に働く摩擦力が小さく、一対のブラシのうちの片方がジャンプしてももう片方のブラシは整流子５に接触しているので、火花の発生を抑制することができる。これによって、性能低下や異臭発生、発煙、耐久性の低下のない整流子モータ１が得られる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the pair of brushes 6a and 6b are arranged in the rotation axis direction of the commutator 5, and the pair of brushes 6a and 6b are in line contact with each other, so Therefore, even if one of the pair of brushes jumps, the other brush is in contact with the commutator 5, so that the generation of sparks can be suppressed. As a result, the commutator motor 1 with no performance degradation, generation of strange odor, smoke generation, and durability is obtained.

また、ブラシが互いに接触している箇所が半円形状なので、片方のブラシがジャンプしたときに、摩擦によってもう片方のブラシもジャンプすることを低減することができるため、より一層火花の発生を抑制することができる。   In addition, since the parts where the brushes are in contact with each other are semicircular, when one brush jumps, it is possible to reduce the other brush from jumping due to friction, thus further suppressing the occurrence of sparks. can do.

また、２つのブラシ６a、６bを１つのブラシホルダ７に収納する構成としたため、ブラシホルダを２つ用いた構成よりも小型化が可能で、さらに価格の低減を図ることができる。   Moreover, since it was set as the structure which accommodates the two brushes 6a and 6b in the one brush holder 7, it can reduce in size rather than the structure using two brush holders, and can aim at reduction of a price further.

また、ブラシホルダ７内壁と、一対のブラシ６a、６bの外周の少なくとも一部とが面接触していることによって、ブラシとブラシホルダ７壁面との間の低摩擦力により一対のブラシが同時ジャンプすることを防ぐことができるため、より一層火花の発生を抑制することができる。なお、ブラシホルダ７内壁とは、少なくとも一対のブラシ６a、６b同士が接触している箇所と逆側端面が接触していれば良い。   Further, since the inner wall of the brush holder 7 and at least a part of the outer periphery of the pair of brushes 6a and 6b are in surface contact, the pair of brushes jump simultaneously due to the low frictional force between the brush and the wall surface of the brush holder 7. Therefore, the occurrence of sparks can be further suppressed. The inner wall of the brush holder 7 only needs to be in contact with at least a portion where the pair of brushes 6a and 6b are in contact with each other and the opposite end surface.

実施の形態２．
図４は、本発明の実施の形態２に係る電気掃除機の概略構成図である。
本実施の形態２に係る電気掃除機は、前述した実施の形態１にて説明した整流子モータ１を搭載したものである。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vacuum cleaner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The vacuum cleaner according to the second embodiment is mounted with the commutator motor 1 described in the first embodiment.

図４において、電気掃除機本体１０１には、空気を塵埃と共に吸上げる動力としての電動送風機１０２が内蔵され、電動送風機１０２の上流側には集塵室１０３が設けられている。この電動送風機１０２は、整流子とブラシとを有する整流子モータ１とこの整流子モータ１により回転駆動するファンを有する。   In FIG. 4, the electric vacuum cleaner main body 101 incorporates an electric blower 102 as power for sucking air together with dust, and a dust collection chamber 103 is provided on the upstream side of the electric blower 102. The electric blower 102 includes a commutator motor 1 having a commutator and a brush, and a fan that is rotationally driven by the commutator motor 1.

また、電気掃除機本体１０１には、延長目的でホースユニット１０５が設けられており、このホースユニット１０５を構成するホース１０６の一端には電気掃除機本体１０１に着脱可能に連結される接続部１０７が設けられており、他端に手元ハンドル１０８が設けられている。   Further, the vacuum cleaner main body 101 is provided with a hose unit 105 for the purpose of extension, and one end of a hose 106 constituting the hose unit 105 is detachably connected to the vacuum cleaner main body 101. The hand handle 108 is provided at the other end.

そして、手元ハンドル１０８には延長管１０９が着脱可能に連結され、さらに延長管１０９の上流側には床用吸込具１１０が着脱可能に連結されて、床用吸込具１１０から電動送風機１０２の集塵室１０３までの間に負圧の吸引風路が形成され、集塵室１０３の下流側から排気口（図示せず）の間には排気風路が形成されている。 An extension pipe 109 is detachably connected to the hand handle 108, and a floor suction tool 110 is detachably connected to the upstream side of the extension pipe 109, and the electric blower 102 is collected from the floor suction tool 110. A negative pressure suction air passage is formed up to the dust chamber 103, and an exhaust air passage is formed between the downstream side of the dust collection chamber 103 and an exhaust port (not shown).

以上のように、本実施の形態２では、前述した実施の形態１の整流子モータ１を搭載したことにより、整流子モータ１の異常火花に伴う発煙等を防止することができる。これにより、掃除室内に煙を排出することが無いため室内を煙で汚染することも無く、また、煙で不快な臭いが付着することも無いために、火花異常によって室内の衛生性を損なうことがない。   As described above, in the second embodiment, the commutator motor 1 of the first embodiment described above is mounted, so that it is possible to prevent smoke or the like associated with the abnormal spark of the commutator motor 1. As a result, smoke is not discharged into the cleaning room, so that the room is not polluted with smoke, and unpleasant odors do not adhere to the smoke. There is no.

また、本実施の形態２では、実施の形態１の整流子モータ１が発揮する高効率な運転性能により、高い吸込み仕事率を発揮することができる。   Moreover, in this Embodiment 2, the high suction work rate can be exhibited by the highly efficient driving performance which the commutator motor 1 of Embodiment 1 exhibits.

１整流子モータ、２a〜２bフレーム、３軸受、４回転軸、５整流子、６a〜６bブラシ、７ブラシホルダ、１０電機子、１１電機子鉄心、１２電機子巻線、２０固定子、３０コイルスプリング、３１a〜３１bピッグテール、１０１電気掃除機本体、１０２電動送風機、１０３集塵室、１０５ホースユニット、１０６ホース、１０７接続部、１０８手元ハンドル、１０９延長管、１１０床用吸込具。   1 commutator motor, 2a-2b frame, 3 bearings, 4 rotating shafts, 5 commutator, 6a-6b brush, 7 brush holder, 10 armature, 11 armature core, 12 armature winding, 20 stator, 30 Coil spring, 31a-31b pigtail, 101 vacuum cleaner body, 102 electric blower, 103 dust collection chamber, 105 hose unit, 106 hose, 107 connection part, 108 hand handle, 109 extension pipe, 110 floor suction tool.

Claims (6)

整流子と、
前記整流子に対して互いに独立して摺動可能であり、前記整流子の回転軸方向に並べられた一対のブラシと、
前記一対のブラシを摺動自在に収納する有底筒状のブラシホルダと、
前記ブラシホルダに収納され、前記一対のブラシを前記整流子に押圧する押圧部材と、を備え、前記一対のブラシ同士は、前記整流子の回転軸の放射方向に平行な線接触をすることを特徴とする整流子モータ。 Commutator,
A pair of brushes that are slidable with respect to the commutator independently of each other and arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the commutator;
A bottomed cylindrical brush holder for slidably storing the pair of brushes;
A pressing member housed in the brush holder and pressing the pair of brushes against the commutator, wherein the pair of brushes are in line contact with a radial direction of a rotation axis of the commutator. Characteristic commutator motor. 前記一対のブラシ同士の接触部断面が半円形状であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の整流子モータ。   The commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein a cross section of a contact portion between the pair of brushes is a semicircular shape. 前記ブラシホルダの内壁と、前記一対のブラシの外周の少なくとも一部とが面接触していることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の整流子モータ。   3. The commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the brush holder is in surface contact with at least a part of the outer periphery of the pair of brushes. 前記押圧部材は１つのコイルスプリングで構成されたことを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項３のいずれかひとつに記載の整流子モータ。 The commutator motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressing member includes a single coil spring. 前記一対のブラシそれぞれの前記コイルスプリング側の端部にピッグテールを設け、前記コイルスプリングの内側に前記ピッグテールの両方が位置することを特徴とする請求項４に記載の整流子モータ。   5. The commutator motor according to claim 4, wherein a pigtail is provided at an end of each of the pair of brushes on the coil spring side, and both the pigtails are located inside the coil spring. 請求項１〜請求項５のいずれかひとつに記載の整流子モータを用いた掃除機。   The vacuum cleaner using the commutator motor as described in any one of Claims 1-5.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11670901B2 (en) 2018-10-22 2023-06-06 Denso Corporation Electrical contact device and rotating electric machine including the electrical contact device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5016401U (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-02-21
JPS5828571U (en) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 electric fuel pump

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5016401U (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-02-21
JPS5828571U (en) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 electric fuel pump

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11670901B2 (en) 2018-10-22 2023-06-06 Denso Corporation Electrical contact device and rotating electric machine including the electrical contact device

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