JP2012040519A - Emulsion mixer, and method for producing emulsion fuel - Google Patents

Emulsion mixer, and method for producing emulsion fuel Download PDF

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JP2012040519A
JP2012040519A JP2010184644A JP2010184644A JP2012040519A JP 2012040519 A JP2012040519 A JP 2012040519A JP 2010184644 A JP2010184644 A JP 2010184644A JP 2010184644 A JP2010184644 A JP 2010184644A JP 2012040519 A JP2012040519 A JP 2012040519A
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Ikunori Nagasaki
郁教 長崎
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an emulsion mixer which can efficiently produce various emulsions to maintain in a stable emulsified state for a long time, and to produce milky white emulsion fuel of which water molecules in oils are equal to or less than several tens of microns.SOLUTION: The emulsion mixer includes an outer cylinder part arranged an the outside of a double cylinder body, an inner cylinder part arranged as the inside of the double cylinder body whose lower end is opened and in which a communication path to the outer cylinder part is provided, spiral wings densely arranged in the inner cylinder which rotate to stir and generate ascending flow, and mixing wings arranged rotatably in the outer cylinder below the lower end of the inner cylinder part and having peripheral flaps in the circumferential direction at predetermined intervals which flaps are upwardly, downwardly or alternately bent.

Description

本発明は、長期間安定した乳化状態を維持する各種のエマルジョンを効率良く製造できるエマルジョン混合機に関し、油類中の水分子が数十ミクロン以下になる乳白色のエマルジョン燃料を製造する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an emulsion mixer that can efficiently produce various emulsions that maintain a stable emulsified state for a long period of time, and relates to a method for producing a milky white emulsion fuel in which water molecules in oils are several tens of microns or less.

重油や軽油などの石油類に水と少量の界面活性剤を添加混合して乳化させたエマルジョン燃料は、石油類の使用量を減少させるとともに、燃焼効率の向上、NOxや煤煙スラッグなどの放出を減少させるので、生活環境改善の有効な手段として、実用化への取り組みが盛んに行われている。従来では、水に潜熱をとられてかえって燃料消費量が増加するため、燃焼可能なエマルジョン燃料の水の混合割り合いは1〜10重量%程度が実用上の限界であった。   Emulsified fuel, which is emulsified by adding water and a small amount of surfactant to oils such as heavy oil and light oil, reduces the amount of petroleum used, improves combustion efficiency, and releases NOx and smoke slugs. Therefore, as an effective means for improving the living environment, practical application is being actively carried out. Conventionally, since the latent heat is taken by water and the fuel consumption is increased, the mixing ratio of combustible emulsion fuel is about 1 to 10% by weight, which is a practical limit.

石油類に水を分散させたエマルジョン燃料は、特開平3−97788号、特開平6−57268号、特開平7−233381号に開示するように、石油類に水を安定に分散させる手法として、界面活性剤とポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコールなどの水溶性高分子とを併用している。石油類の中でも、大型船舶の内燃機関や工場等の大型ボイラーによく使用されるC重油は、水を取り込みやすい性質があるため比較的水を安定に分散させやすく、前記の方法でC重油をエマルジョン燃料にすることが可能である。   As disclosed in JP-A-3-97788, JP-A-6-57268, and JP-A-7-233381, an emulsion fuel in which water is dispersed in petroleum is a method for stably dispersing water in petroleum. A surfactant is used in combination with a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or polyvinyl alcohol. Among oils, C heavy oil, which is often used in large boilers such as internal combustion engines and factories for large ships, has the property of easily taking in water, so it is relatively easy to disperse water. It can be an emulsion fuel.

前記の方法では、石油類の中でもA重油や軽油は一般的に水を分散させにくいことから、経時安定性に優れたエマルジョン燃料を得ることができない。A重油または軽油と水を乳化させた場合には、特開2009−249638号は、エマルジョン燃料について経時安定性、燃焼性および熱効率を良化させるために、石油類と水に対して、エチレン性不飽和単量体とエチレン性不飽和基を有する反応性乳化剤とを含む不飽和単量体組成物をラジカル重合して得られる樹脂を添加し、反応性乳化剤は、不飽和単量体中に5〜80質量%含まれる。   In the above method, it is difficult to disperse water among petroleum oils such as A heavy oil and light oil, and thus it is not possible to obtain an emulsion fuel having excellent temporal stability. In the case where A heavy oil or light oil and water are emulsified, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-249638 discloses that the emulsion fuel is ethylenic with respect to petroleum and water in order to improve stability over time, combustibility and thermal efficiency. A resin obtained by radical polymerization of an unsaturated monomer composition containing an unsaturated monomer and a reactive emulsifier having an ethylenically unsaturated group is added, and the reactive emulsifier is added to the unsaturated monomer. 5-80 mass% is contained.

特開平3−97788号公報JP-A-3-97788 特開平6−57268号公報JP-A-6-57268 特開平7−233381号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-233381 特開2009−249638号公報JP 2009-249638 A 特開平10−47652号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-47652 特開2000-21137号公報JP 2000-21137 A 特開2002-159832号公報JP 2002-159832 A 特開2007−152214号公報JP 2007-152214 A

エマルジョン燃料について、A重油や軽油を効率良く乳化させ、高い経時安定性を付与するためには、前記のような添加剤の改良だけでなく、混合攪拌装置の改良も必須である。エマルジョン燃料の製造装置を小型化して、経時安定性が高いエマルジョン燃料を得ることができれば、家庭用の暖房器具、温泉の加温ボイラー、農業ハウスの保温ボイラーなどの燃焼装置に適用できる。   For emulsion fuel, in order to efficiently emulsify A heavy oil and light oil and impart high stability over time, it is essential to improve not only the additives as described above but also the mixing and stirring device. If the emulsion fuel production apparatus can be reduced in size to obtain an emulsion fuel with high stability over time, it can be applied to combustion apparatuses such as household heating appliances, hot spring heating boilers, and agricultural house thermal insulation boilers.

エマルジョン燃料の製造装置として、特開平10−47652号は、撹拌用プロペラを垂直に取り付けた独立した2台のタンクを連接し、第1のタンクで水および親水性の乳化剤と灯油および親油性の乳化剤とを高速攪拌して初期エマルジョンを得てから、第2のタンクで初期エマルジョンを水と低速攪拌して乳化物を取得する。この製造装置は、LPGガスボンベを併設したエマルジョン燃料燃焼装置と一体であり、汎用性を欠いている。   As an apparatus for producing emulsion fuel, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-47652 connects two independent tanks each having a propeller for stirring installed vertically, and water, a hydrophilic emulsifier, kerosene and lipophilic oil are connected in the first tank. After stirring the emulsifier at a high speed to obtain an initial emulsion, the initial emulsion is stirred at a low speed with water in a second tank to obtain an emulsion. This manufacturing apparatus is integrated with an emulsion fuel combustion apparatus provided with an LPG gas cylinder, and lacks versatility.

特開2000−21137号や特開2002-159832号では、円筒状の大型攪拌機において油に乳化剤を加え攪拌混合し、ゲル状にした油に対して数倍の水を加えてさらに攪拌してエマルジョンを製造し、基部の攪拌部分および複数の上層の部分に噴流攪拌部を設けて、油、水および乳化剤を攪拌混合してエマルジョンを製造する。この攪拌機は、構造が大型で複雑になってしまう。また、特開2007−152214号は、回転螺旋翼を内装した長尺の筒状容器を傾斜設置し、該筒状容器で攪拌した乳化物の一部を該筒状容器内に返送して循環させながら乳化処理を継続する。この筒状容器は、回転する螺旋帯で混合攪拌することにより、液体の下降とともに水と油を乳化剤と混合を促進して乳化するけれども、螺旋翼の回転速度が容器の内容積によって自ずから制限されるため、長期間安定した乳化状態を維持できるエマルジョンを製造することはできない。   In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-21137 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-159832, an emulsion is prepared by adding an emulsifier to oil in a cylindrical large stirrer, stirring and mixing, adding water several times to the gelled oil, and further stirring. A jet stirring unit is provided in the base stirring part and the plurality of upper layer parts, and an oil, water and an emulsifier are stirred and mixed to produce an emulsion. This stirrer is large in size and complicated. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-152214 discloses that a long cylindrical container with a rotating spiral blade is installed at an angle, and a part of the emulsion stirred in the cylindrical container is returned to the cylindrical container for circulation. The emulsification process is continued. This cylindrical container mixes and stirs in the rotating spiral band to emulsify the water and oil by mixing with the emulsifier as the liquid descends, but the rotational speed of the spiral blade is naturally limited by the internal volume of the container. Therefore, an emulsion that can maintain a stable emulsified state for a long time cannot be produced.

本発明は、従来のエマルジョン製造に関する前記の問題点を改善するために提案されたものであり、1ヶ月以上も安定した乳化状態を維持する各種のエマルジョンを製造できるエマルジョン混合機を提供することを目的としている。本発明の他の目的は、各種のエマルジョンを比較的短時間で効率良く製造できるエマルジョン混合機を提供することである。本発明の別の目的は、多量の水を含む乳白色のW/O型エマルジョン燃料を製造する方法を提供することである。   The present invention has been proposed to improve the above-mentioned problems related to the production of conventional emulsions, and provides an emulsion mixer capable of producing various emulsions that maintain a stable emulsified state for more than one month. It is aimed. Another object of the present invention is to provide an emulsion mixer that can efficiently produce various emulsions in a relatively short time. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a milky white W / O emulsion fuel containing a large amount of water.

本発明に係るエマルジョン混合機は、二重筒体の外側に配置する外筒部と、二重筒体の内側に配置するとともに下端を開放し、外筒部への連通路を設けた内筒部と、内筒部内に密に取り付けて撹拌と上昇流が生じるように回転させる螺旋翼と、内筒部下端より下方において外筒部内で回転自在に設置し、外周片が円周方向に所定の間隔をおいて上方、下方または交互に屈曲する混和翼とを備える。この混合機では、二重筒体へ収容した液体を混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させながら混合を促進し、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を下方へ送ることで筒体底の混和翼の位置へ戻すことにより、液体を連続的に循環させて十分な乳化を達成する。この混合機は、筒体底の混和翼において、外周片は円周方向に所定の間隔をおいて上方と下方に交互に屈曲し、且つ表面が平坦な内板部の外径は内筒部の外径よりも大きいと好ましく、且つ表面が平坦な内板部に複数の貫通孔を円周方向に等間隔に設けることにより、混和翼の下側に流入する液体が螺旋翼の方へ流動しやすくなる。   An emulsion mixer according to the present invention includes an outer cylinder part arranged outside a double cylinder, an inner cylinder arranged inside the double cylinder, the lower end being opened, and a communication path to the outer cylinder part provided. And a spiral blade that is tightly attached in the inner cylinder and rotated so as to generate agitation and upward flow, and is rotatably installed in the outer cylinder below the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the outer peripheral piece is predetermined in the circumferential direction. And mixing blades bent upward, downward or alternately. In this mixer, the liquid contained in the double cylinder is agitated by the mixing blade, and mixing is promoted while moving the liquid upward in the inner cylinder by the spiral blade, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder The liquid is continuously circulated to achieve sufficient emulsification by returning to the position of the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylinder by sending it downward. In this mixing machine, in the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylindrical body, the outer peripheral pieces are alternately bent upward and downward at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and the outer diameter of the inner plate portion having a flat surface is the inner cylindrical portion. It is preferable that the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the inner blade, and a plurality of through holes are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the inner plate portion having a flat surface so that the liquid flowing into the lower side of the mixing blade flows toward the spiral blade. It becomes easy to do.

本発明に係るエマルジョン混合機は、二重筒体の外側に配置する外筒部と、二重筒体の内側に配置し且つ下端を開放した内筒部と、外筒部と内筒部との間に垂直配置した少なくとも2枚の仕切り板と、内筒部内に密に取り付けて撹拌と上昇流が生じるように回転させる螺旋翼と、内筒部下端より下方において外筒部内で回転自在に設置する混和翼とを備えていてもよい。この混合機では、二重筒体へ収容した液体を混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させながら混合を促進し、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を少なくとも二方に分けて下方へ送り、筒体底の混和翼の位置で合流させることにより、液体を連続的に循環させて十分な乳化を達成する。この混合機は、3枚の仕切り板を外筒部と内筒部との間に等間隔に垂直配置し、液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させながら混合を促進し、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を少なくとも三方に分けて下方へ送って筒体底の混和翼の位置で合流させると好ましい。   An emulsion mixer according to the present invention includes an outer cylinder part arranged outside the double cylinder, an inner cylinder part arranged inside the double cylinder and having its lower end opened, an outer cylinder part and an inner cylinder part, At least two partition plates vertically arranged between them, a spiral blade that is closely attached in the inner cylinder portion and rotated so as to generate agitation and upward flow, and is rotatable in the outer cylinder portion below the lower end of the inner cylinder portion You may provide the mixing blade to install. In this mixer, the liquid contained in the double cylinder is agitated by the mixing blade, and mixing is promoted while moving the liquid upward in the inner cylinder by the spiral blade, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder The liquid is continuously circulated by at least two sides and fed downward at the position of the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylinder to achieve sufficient emulsification. In this mixer, three partition plates are arranged vertically at equal intervals between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part to promote mixing while moving the liquid upward in the inner cylinder part by means of a spiral blade. It is preferable that the space between the cylindrical portion and the inner cylindrical portion is divided into at least three directions and sent downward to join at the position of the mixing blade on the bottom of the cylindrical body.

本発明のエマルジョン混合機は、螺旋翼において、翼板下側に外周縁と直角に複数枚の邪魔板を固着することにより、螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動する液体の攪拌を促進すると好ましい。また、螺旋翼において、翼板に複数個の貫通孔を設けることにより、螺旋翼の回転数に対する液体の上方移動速度を調整すると好ましい。   In the emulsion mixer of the present invention, in the spiral blade, a plurality of baffle plates are fixed to the lower side of the blade plate at a right angle to the outer peripheral edge, thereby facilitating stirring of the liquid moving upward in the inner cylinder portion by the spiral blade. preferable. In the spiral blade, it is preferable to adjust the upward moving speed of the liquid with respect to the rotational speed of the spiral blade by providing a plurality of through holes in the blade plate.

本発明に係るエマルジョン燃料の製造方法は、油類と液状添加剤を二重筒体内へ収容し、回転数が700〜1000rpmである筒体底の混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させ、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を下方へ送ることによって液体を数分間循環攪拌し、ついで水を加えてさらに筒体底の混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させ、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を下方へ送ることによって液体を数分間連続的に循環させて乳化状態を安定化させる。この製造方法では、油類と液状添加剤を150〜240秒間攪拌してから、ついで水を加えてさらに90〜150秒間攪拌すると好ましく、且つA重油または軽油などの石油類と水の割合が容積比で8:2〜6:4であり、界面活性剤を含む液状添加剤は微量であると好ましい。   The method for producing an emulsion fuel according to the present invention contains oils and a liquid additive in a double cylinder, and is stirred with a mixing blade at the bottom of a cylinder having a rotational speed of 700 to 1000 rpm, and the liquid is spirally bladed. The liquid is circulated and stirred for a few minutes by moving the inside of the inner cylinder part upwards, and further downward between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part. In addition, the liquid is continuously circulated for several minutes by moving the liquid upward in the inner cylinder portion by the spiral wing and further sending the liquid between the outer cylinder portion and the inner cylinder portion to stabilize the emulsified state. . In this production method, it is preferable to stir the oil and the liquid additive for 150 to 240 seconds, and then add water and further stir for 90 to 150 seconds, and the ratio of petroleum oil such as A heavy oil or light oil to water is volumetric. The ratio is 8: 2 to 6: 4, and the amount of the liquid additive containing the surfactant is preferably a very small amount.

本発明に係るエマルジョン混合機は、経時安定性が高い乳化状態のエマルジョンを製造でき、製造後約1ヶ月を経過してもエマルジョンの乳化状態が安定している。このため、エマルジョンをバッチ方式で製造して次の使用まで保管しておいても、使用に際して油水分離などの問題が発生しない。本発明のエマルジョン混合機は、油類と水からなるエマルジョン燃料を製造するほかにも、例えば、化粧品、食品、農業、医療などの分野における各種のエマルジョンの製造や、種々の液体の混合する際などに使用することができる。   The emulsion mixer according to the present invention can produce an emulsion in an emulsified state with high stability over time, and the emulsified state of the emulsion is stable even after about one month has passed after the production. For this reason, even if the emulsion is manufactured in a batch system and stored until the next use, problems such as oil-water separation do not occur during use. The emulsion mixer of the present invention, in addition to producing an emulsion fuel composed of oils and water, for example, in the production of various emulsions in the fields of cosmetics, food, agriculture, medicine, etc., and when mixing various liquids Can be used for etc.

本発明に係るエマルジョン混合機は、廃油を燃料として再利用することも可能であり、安定した乳化状態のエマルジョンを効率良く製造できるうえに、比較的小型であるので運搬しやすくしかも安価である。このため、本発明のエマルジョン混合機は、工業的用途のほかに、家庭用の暖房器具や浴場ボイラーなどに付設でき、さらに単なるエマルジョンの製造装置または混合装置としての用途もある。   The emulsion mixer according to the present invention can reuse waste oil as a fuel, and can stably produce an emulsion in a stable emulsified state. In addition, since it is relatively small, it is easy to transport and inexpensive. For this reason, the emulsion mixer of the present invention can be attached to household heating appliances, bath boilers, etc. in addition to industrial applications, and also has a use as a simple emulsion production apparatus or mixing apparatus.

本発明で製造したエマルジョン燃料は、多量の水を含む乳白色のW/O型エマルジョンであり、油類に対して30容積%前後の多量の水を含むエマルジョンであるので相当に経済的である。このエマルジョン燃料は、乳化状態が安定して長期間の保存が可能なうえに、燃焼効率が向上し、NOxや煤塵などの放出を減少できる。したがって、このエマルジョン燃料は、家庭用の暖房器具、ガスタービン、温泉や公衆浴場の加温ボイラー、農業用ハウスの石油ボイラーなどの各種の燃焼装置で使用して生活環境を改善できる。   The emulsion fuel produced in the present invention is a milky white W / O type emulsion containing a large amount of water, and is an emulsion containing a large amount of water of about 30% by volume with respect to oils. This emulsion fuel has a stable emulsified state and can be stored for a long period of time, has improved combustion efficiency, and can reduce emission of NOx, dust, and the like. Therefore, this emulsion fuel can be used in various combustion devices such as household heating appliances, gas turbines, hot springs in hot springs and public baths, and oil boilers in agricultural houses to improve the living environment.

本発明に係るエマルジョン混合機の概略断面図であり、該混合機を含むエマルジョン製造装置の全体を示している。It is a schematic sectional drawing of the emulsion mixer which concerns on this invention, and has shown the whole emulsion manufacturing apparatus containing this mixer. 図1のA−A線に沿って切断した拡大断面図である。It is the expanded sectional view cut | disconnected along the AA line of FIG. 図1のB−B線に沿って切断した拡大断面図である。It is the expanded sectional view cut | disconnected along the BB line of FIG. 図1のC−C線に沿って切断した拡大断面図である。It is the expanded sectional view cut | disconnected along CC line of FIG. 本発明で用いる内筒部を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the inner cylinder part used by this invention. モータ軸に固着した拡散翼、螺旋翼および混和翼を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the diffusion blade, spiral blade, and mixing blade which were fixed to the motor shaft. 外周片を折り曲げる前の混和翼の裏面を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the back surface of the mixing blade before bending an outer peripheral piece. 本発明で用いる混和翼の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the mixing blade used by this invention.

本発明に係るエマルジョン混合機は、それ単独でボイラー付近に取り付けても、図1に例示するように、矩形状に組んだフレーム2内において液状添加剤用の円筒容器7およびエマルジョン保留タンク8とともに設置してもよい。エマルジョン混合機5は、フレーム2の下端部にキャスタ3を取り付けると、所望の場所への移動が容易である。図示のエマルジョン混合機5の容量は、エマルジョン5リットル用であり、これを10リットル用またはそれ以上の容量に定めるならば、二重筒体の形状、内筒部24における貫通孔42,44の高さ位置などを適宜変更すればよい(図6参照)。   Even if the emulsion mixer according to the present invention is installed alone in the vicinity of the boiler, as shown in FIG. 1, together with the cylindrical container 7 for liquid additive and the emulsion storage tank 8 in the rectangular frame 2 May be installed. When the caster 3 is attached to the lower end portion of the frame 2, the emulsion mixer 5 can be easily moved to a desired location. The capacity of the illustrated emulsion mixer 5 is for 5 liters of emulsion, and if this is determined to be 10 liters or more, the shape of the double cylinder, the through holes 42 and 44 in the inner cylinder 24 What is necessary is just to change a height position etc. suitably (refer FIG. 6).

エマルジョン混合機5は、二重筒体の外側に配置する外筒部22と、二重筒体の内側に配置する内筒部24と、内筒部内に密に取り付ける螺旋翼48と、内筒部下端より下方に配置する混和翼50とを備える。一般に、外筒部22は細長いタンク状であり、内筒部24は円筒形である。エマルジョン混合機5において、各部品は一般に金属製であるけれども、外筒部22や内筒部24の一部を透明プラスチック製にしてもよく、外筒部22の一部が透明であると液体の乳化状態が目視できるので便利である。   The emulsion mixer 5 includes an outer cylinder portion 22 arranged outside the double cylinder body, an inner cylinder section 24 arranged inside the double cylinder body, a spiral blade 48 closely attached in the inner cylinder section, and an inner cylinder And a mixing blade 50 disposed below the lower end of the unit. In general, the outer cylinder portion 22 has an elongated tank shape, and the inner cylinder portion 24 has a cylindrical shape. In the emulsion mixer 5, each part is generally made of metal, but a part of the outer cylinder part 22 or the inner cylinder part 24 may be made of transparent plastic, and if part of the outer cylinder part 22 is transparent, liquid This is convenient because the emulsified state can be visually observed.

内筒部24には、外筒部22への連通路として、縦一直線状に逆三角形状の貫通孔42,44を形成し、これらの貫通孔は円形、スリットまたは切り込みでもよく、両者を一連に形成してもよい。これらの貫通孔は、内筒部24内を上昇する液体の外方への流動がスムースになるように大きさや高さ位置を定める。一般に、上方の貫通孔42の方が、下方の貫通孔44よりも大きい(図6参照)。エマルジョン混合機5では、油類と添加剤の攪拌および水の追加の2段階で攪拌するので2列の貫通孔42,44を形成し、3段階以上で攪拌するために3列以上の貫通孔を設けることも可能である。モータ軸20に拡散翼72を取り付けると、内筒部24内を上昇する液体が速やかに貫通孔を通過することになるので好ましい。   The inner cylinder portion 24 is formed with inverted triangular through holes 42 and 44 in a straight line as communication paths to the outer cylinder portion 22, and these through holes may be circular, slits or notches, You may form in. These through holes determine the size and the height position so that the outward flow of the liquid rising in the inner cylinder portion 24 becomes smooth. In general, the upper through hole 42 is larger than the lower through hole 44 (see FIG. 6). In the emulsion mixer 5, since the oil and additive are stirred in two additional stages, water is added, so that two rows of through holes 42 and 44 are formed, and in order to stir in three or more stages, three or more rows of through holes are formed. It is also possible to provide. It is preferable to attach the diffusion blade 72 to the motor shaft 20 because the liquid rising in the inner cylinder portion 24 quickly passes through the through hole.

外筒部22と内筒部24との間には、垂直配置した2枚から5枚程度の仕切り板36を円周方向に等間隔に取り付け、下方流動する液を分離して流れをスムースにすると好ましい。図3と図4に示すように、各仕切り板36は、半径方向に設置しても、液の回転方向に沿って半径方向から若干傾斜させてもよい。   Between the outer cylinder part 22 and the inner cylinder part 24, about 2 to 5 vertically arranged partition plates 36 are attached at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the liquid flowing downward is separated to smoothly flow. It is preferable. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, each partition plate 36 may be installed in the radial direction or may be slightly inclined from the radial direction along the rotation direction of the liquid.

螺旋翼48および混和翼50は、構造簡略化のために、二重筒体内においてモータ18の軸20にともに固着する。螺旋翼48の傾斜角度および混和翼50の翼形状は、攪拌すべき液体の粘度や添加量、モータ18の好適な回転速度に対応させる。油類を攪拌する場合、混和翼50の回転数は一般に700〜1000rpmであり、特に重油の攪拌では850rpmが好適である反面、螺旋翼48の回転数はそれ以下であると液流れに乱れが生じにくい。このため、螺旋翼48の傾斜角度を20度前後と比較的緩やかにするとともに、該螺旋翼には、液流れを穏やかにするために所望数の貫通孔54を形成してもよい。また、これらの貫通孔に代えて、スリットや切り込みなどを形成することも可能である。この螺旋翼は、混和翼50を別個のモータで回転させてもよく、この場合には両者の回転調整は比較的容易である。   The spiral blade 48 and the mixing blade 50 are fixed together to the shaft 20 of the motor 18 in the double cylinder for simplification of the structure. The inclination angle of the spiral blade 48 and the blade shape of the mixing blade 50 are made to correspond to the viscosity and addition amount of the liquid to be agitated and a suitable rotation speed of the motor 18. When agitating oils, the rotational speed of the mixing blade 50 is generally 700 to 1000 rpm, and particularly 850 rpm is suitable for the stirring of heavy oil. On the other hand, if the rotational speed of the spiral blade 48 is less than that, the liquid flow is disturbed. Hard to occur. For this reason, the inclination angle of the spiral blade 48 may be made relatively gentle, around 20 degrees, and a desired number of through holes 54 may be formed in the spiral blade in order to make the liquid flow gentle. Moreover, it is also possible to form slits, cuts or the like instead of these through holes. In this spiral blade, the mixing blade 50 may be rotated by a separate motor, and in this case, the rotational adjustment of both is relatively easy.

螺旋翼48には、外周縁に沿って所定の間隔で矩形状の小邪魔板52を翼下側に固着してもよい。小邪魔板52により、内筒部24内を上方へ移動する液体を螺旋翼48においていっそう良好に攪拌できる。小邪魔板52は、図示のように半径方向に取り付けても、軸方向に所定の角度を有していてもよい。小邪魔板52は、矩形や半円形平面であり、該邪魔板に代えて螺旋翼の表面に凹凸などを形成してもよい。   A rectangular small baffle plate 52 may be fixed to the lower side of the wing 48 at a predetermined interval along the outer peripheral edge. By the small baffle plate 52, the liquid moving upward in the inner cylinder portion 24 can be further stirred in the spiral blade 48. The small baffle plate 52 may be attached in the radial direction as shown, or may have a predetermined angle in the axial direction. The small baffle plate 52 is a rectangular or semicircular plane, and may be formed with irregularities on the surface of the spiral blade instead of the baffle plate.

筒体底の混和翼50は、内筒部24の下方において、該内筒部に近接させて外筒部22内で回転自在に設置し、内筒部24の下端へ流れ込む液体を効果的に攪拌する。混和翼50は、液体を攪拌混合しても、液体の流れを乱さないような形状であることが好ましく、このため全体がオール型、タービン型、プロペラ型の翼は好ましくない。混和翼50は、円形平面の内板部60の表面が平坦であり、該内板部に対して直角または直角に近い鋭角に屈曲させた外周片56を、円周方向に所定の間隔をおいて上方、下方または交互に形成させる。図7と図8では、円周方向に12分割された矩形状の外周片56が上方と下方に交互にほぼ直角に屈曲され、比較的単純な翼形状で液体の流れに対して直交状に回動するので液流動を乱すことが少ない。外周片56の数は、上または下方向だけで3枚以上であればよく、通常、上下交互に6枚以上であると好ましい。   The mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylindrical body is installed below the inner cylindrical portion 24 so as to be rotatable in the outer cylindrical portion 22 in the vicinity of the inner cylindrical portion, and the liquid flowing into the lower end of the inner cylindrical portion 24 is effectively removed. Stir. The mixing blade 50 preferably has a shape that does not disturb the flow of the liquid even if the liquid is stirred and mixed. Therefore, an all-type, turbine-type, or propeller-type blade is not preferable. In the mixing blade 50, the surface of the inner plate portion 60 that is a circular plane is flat, and an outer peripheral piece 56 that is bent at a right angle or an acute angle close to the right angle with respect to the inner plate portion is spaced at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. And formed upward, downward or alternately. 7 and 8, rectangular outer peripheral pieces 56 divided into 12 in the circumferential direction are alternately bent at an almost right angle upward and downward, and in a relatively simple blade shape, orthogonal to the liquid flow. Because it rotates, it hardly disturbs the liquid flow. The number of the outer peripheral pieces 56 may be three or more in only the upper or lower direction, and it is usually preferable that the number of the outer peripheral pieces 56 be six or more alternately.

筒体底の混和翼50において、平坦な内板部60の外径は内筒部24の外径よりも大きいと好ましい。混和翼50の各外周片56は、回転の際に仕切り板36の下方内側縁と近接する。混和翼50の内板部60には、比較的大径の貫通孔64を円周方向で等間隔に2個以上形成し、円形の貫通孔に代えてスリットや切り込みを形成してもよい。混和翼50において、内板部60に複数の貫通孔64を設け、該内板部の下方に小翼板70を半径方向に取り付けることにより、攪拌時に混和翼50の下側における液体の滞留を防ぎ、その下側に流入する液体が螺旋翼48の方へ流れやすくして、均一な混合を促進する。   In the mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylindrical body, the outer diameter of the flat inner plate portion 60 is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylindrical portion 24. Each outer peripheral piece 56 of the mixing blade 50 is close to the lower inner edge of the partition plate 36 during rotation. Two or more relatively large diameter through holes 64 may be formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the inner plate portion 60 of the mixing blade 50, and slits or cuts may be formed instead of the circular through holes. In the mixing blade 50, a plurality of through holes 64 are provided in the inner plate portion 60, and a small blade plate 70 is attached in the radial direction below the inner plate portion, so that liquid stays below the mixing blade 50 during stirring. This prevents the liquid flowing into the lower side from flowing toward the spiral blade 48 and promotes uniform mixing.

エマルジョン混合機5を用いてエマルジョン燃料を製造するには、油類、水および液状添加剤を全量同時に加えて攪拌してもよいが、まず、油類と液状添加剤を二重筒体内へ収容して攪拌し、ついで水を加えてさらに攪拌すると好ましい。用いる油類は、軽油、灯油、A重油、C重油、動植物廃油、ミシン油、天ぷら油などであり、これを二重筒体内へ注入し、同時に液状添加剤を二重筒体内へ注入する。油類と液状添加剤を150〜240秒間攪拌してから、ついで水を加えてさらに90〜150秒間攪拌する。これらの攪拌時間が不足すると、安定した乳化状態のエマルジョン燃料が得られず、攪拌時間が長くても状態変化がないので不経済である。   In order to produce an emulsion fuel using the emulsion mixer 5, all of oils, water and liquid additives may be added simultaneously and stirred, but first, the oils and liquid additives are contained in a double cylinder. It is preferable to stir, then add water and stir further. The oils used are light oil, kerosene, A heavy oil, C heavy oil, animal and vegetable waste oil, sewing machine oil, tempura oil, etc., which are injected into the double cylinder, and at the same time, the liquid additive is injected into the double cylinder. Oils and liquid additives are stirred for 150-240 seconds, then water is added and stirred for another 90-150 seconds. If the stirring time is insufficient, a stable emulsified emulsion fuel cannot be obtained, and the state does not change even if the stirring time is long, which is uneconomical.

油類がA重油または軽油であると、これらと水の割合が一般に水が少なく、容積比で8:2〜6:4であると好ましく、界面活性剤を含む液状添加剤は全量の1/200以下の微量である。水の割合が20%未満であると、燃焼効率の向上が小さく、NOxや煤塵などの放出を減少させる効果が小さい。また、水の割合が40%を超えると、燃焼効率が著しく低下して燃費が悪くなり、乳化状態の安定性も低下する。   When the oil is A heavy oil or light oil, the ratio of these to water is generally low, and the volume ratio is preferably 8: 2 to 6: 4. The liquid additive containing the surfactant is 1/2 of the total amount. Trace amount of 200 or less. When the proportion of water is less than 20%, the improvement in combustion efficiency is small, and the effect of reducing the emission of NOx, dust, etc. is small. Moreover, when the ratio of water exceeds 40%, combustion efficiency will fall remarkably, a fuel consumption will worsen, and the stability of an emulsified state will also fall.

この液状添加剤は、例えば、親油性および親水性の界面活性剤と少量のグリコール類とからなる。親油性の界面活性剤として、モノラウリン酸ソルビタン、モノパルミチン酸ソルビタン、モノステアリン酸ソルビタン、モノオイレン酸ソルビタンなどが例示でき、親水性の界面活性剤として、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノパルミタート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノステアラート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレアート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタントリオレアートなどが例示できる。少量のグリコール類は、エチレングリコールまたはポリエチレングリコールであり、これは油類と水とを結びつける。   This liquid additive is composed of, for example, a lipophilic and hydrophilic surfactant and a small amount of glycols. Examples of lipophilic surfactants include sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, and sorbitan monooleate, and examples of hydrophilic surfactants include polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan. Examples thereof include monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate. A small amount of glycols is ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol, which binds oils and water.

この液状添加剤は、油類がA重油や軽油であれば、エチレン性不飽和単量体およびエチレン性不飽和基を有する反応性乳化剤を含む不飽和単量体組成物をラジカル重合して得られる樹脂でもよい。エチレン性不飽和基として、n−ブチルアクリレート、イソブチルアクリレート、t−ブチルアクリレート、n−ブチルメタクリレート、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレートなどが例示できる。また、反応性乳化剤は、市販品であればよく、例えば、エーテルサルフェート型やリン酸エステル型のアニオン系反応性乳化剤、ノニオン系反応性乳化剤などがあり、ノニオン系反応性乳化剤が好ましい。ラジカル重合反応時の温度は60℃〜130℃である。ラジカル重合で得た樹脂の重量平均分子量は10000〜100000であると好ましい。樹脂の重量平均分子量を調整する際に、n−ドデシルメルカプタン、n−ブチルメルカプタン、2−エチルヘキシルチオグリコレート、β−メルカプトプロピオン酸などの連鎖移動剤を添加してもよい。   This liquid additive is obtained by radical polymerization of an unsaturated monomer composition containing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a reactive emulsifier having an ethylenically unsaturated group if the oil is A heavy oil or light oil. It may be a resin. Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated group include n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. The reactive emulsifier may be a commercially available product, and examples thereof include ether sulfate type and phosphate ester type anionic reactive emulsifiers and nonionic reactive emulsifiers, and nonionic reactive emulsifiers are preferable. The temperature during the radical polymerization reaction is 60 ° C to 130 ° C. The weight average molecular weight of the resin obtained by radical polymerization is preferably 10,000 to 100,000. When adjusting the weight average molecular weight of the resin, a chain transfer agent such as n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, β-mercaptopropionic acid may be added.

エマルジョン混合機5は、重油類と液状添加剤を攪拌する際には、モータ18の回転数を700〜1000rpmに定め、特に850rpm前後にすると好ましい。重油類と液状添加剤の液面Fは、内筒部24における下方の貫通孔44まで達する。モータ18を回転すると、この液体を筒体底の混和翼50で攪拌するとともに、螺旋翼48の回転によって内筒部24内を強制的に上方へ移動させ、この移動時にも螺旋翼48および複数の小邪魔板52で液体をさらに攪拌する。上昇した液体は、3組の貫通孔44を通過して外筒部22内へ入り、複数の仕切り板36で複数に分かれて外筒部22と内筒部24との間を下方へ移動する。   In the emulsion mixer 5, when the heavy oil and the liquid additive are agitated, the rotational speed of the motor 18 is set to 700 to 1000 rpm, particularly preferably around 850 rpm. The liquid level F of the heavy oils and the liquid additive reaches the lower through hole 44 in the inner cylinder part 24. When the motor 18 is rotated, the liquid is agitated by the mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylinder, and the inside of the inner cylinder portion 24 is forcibly moved upward by the rotation of the spiral blade 48. The liquid is further stirred by the small baffle plate 52. The raised liquid passes through the three sets of through holes 44 and enters the outer cylindrical portion 22, and is divided into a plurality of parts by the plurality of partition plates 36 and moves downward between the outer cylindrical portion 22 and the inner cylindrical portion 24. .

下方移動した液体が筒体底の混和翼50に達すると、該混和翼の直角外周片56でさらに攪拌され、内板部60の上側を通って螺旋翼48まで戻ったり、内板部60の下側から貫通孔64を通過して螺旋翼48に帰還する。重油類と液状添加剤の混合処理を所定時間継続した後に、水を二重筒体内へ追加して液量を増やすと、液体の液面Eは、内筒部24における上方の貫通孔42のほぼ中間位置まで達する。さらに液体の攪拌を継続すると、内筒部24内を上昇した液体は、その一部が上方の貫通孔42を通過し且つ他の一部が下方の貫通孔44を通過して外筒部22内へ入り、3枚の仕切り板36で三方に分かれて外筒部22と内筒部24との間を下方へ移動する。この循環をさらに所定時間継続して混合を促進すると、乳白色のエマルジョン燃料を製造することができる。   When the liquid that has moved downward reaches the mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylinder, the liquid is further stirred by the right-angled outer peripheral piece 56 of the mixing blade and returns to the spiral blade 48 through the upper side of the inner plate portion 60. It passes through the through hole 64 from the lower side and returns to the spiral blade 48. When the mixing process of heavy oils and liquid additives is continued for a predetermined time, and the amount of liquid is increased by adding water into the double cylinder, the liquid level E of the liquid passes through the upper through hole 42 in the inner cylinder part 24. It reaches almost the middle position. When stirring of the liquid is further continued, a part of the liquid rising in the inner cylinder part 24 passes through the upper through hole 42 and the other part passes through the lower through hole 44 and the outer cylinder part 22. It enters into three directions by the three partition plates 36 and moves downward between the outer cylinder part 22 and the inner cylinder part 24. If this circulation is further continued for a predetermined time to promote mixing, a milky white emulsion fuel can be produced.

エマルジョン混合機5で製造したエマルジョン燃料は、エマルジョン製造装置1における保留タンク8に溜め、所定の石油ボイラーや燃焼炉へ適宜に送り込む。エマルジョン製造装置1は、家庭用の暖房器具、ガスタービン、温泉や公衆浴場の加温ボイラー、農業用ハウスの石油ボイラーなどの燃焼装置に付設することができる。エマルジョン製造装置1は、エマルジョン燃料を製造するほかに、例えば、化粧品、食品、農業、医療などの分野で使用されるエマルジョンの製造または各種液体の混合に適用してもよい。   The emulsion fuel produced by the emulsion mixer 5 is stored in the storage tank 8 in the emulsion production apparatus 1 and appropriately sent to a predetermined petroleum boiler or combustion furnace. The emulsion production apparatus 1 can be attached to a combustion apparatus such as a household heating appliance, a gas turbine, a heating boiler for a hot spring or a public bath, and an oil boiler for an agricultural house. In addition to producing emulsion fuel, the emulsion production apparatus 1 may be applied, for example, to the production of emulsions used in the fields of cosmetics, food, agriculture, medicine, and the mixing of various liquids.

次に、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。エマルジョン製造装置1は、図1に示すように、縦長の矩形状に組んだフレーム2と、該フレームの下端部に取り付けた複数個のキャスタ3を有し、該キャスタによって移動可能である。製造装置1のフレーム2内には、その縦方向中央にエマルジョン混合機5および該装置より上方に液状添加剤用の円筒容器7をそれぞれ垂直に設置し、さらにフレーム下方に角形のエマルジョン保留タンク8を取り付ける。円筒容器7は、トロコイドポンプ10およびチェックバルブ12(図2)を経て管14によって混合機5と接続する。一方、保留タンク8は、マルチレックスバルブ15を経て管16によって混合機5と接続し、該装置から乳化状態の安定したエマルジョンを受け入れる。   Next, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. As shown in FIG. 1, the emulsion manufacturing apparatus 1 has a frame 2 assembled in a vertically long rectangular shape and a plurality of casters 3 attached to the lower end of the frame, and can be moved by the casters. In the frame 2 of the production apparatus 1, an emulsion mixer 5 is installed vertically in the center in the longitudinal direction, and a cylindrical container 7 for liquid additive is installed vertically above the apparatus, and a rectangular emulsion storage tank 8 is further provided below the frame. Install. The cylindrical container 7 is connected to the mixer 5 by a pipe 14 via a trochoid pump 10 and a check valve 12 (FIG. 2). On the other hand, the storage tank 8 is connected to the mixer 5 via the multi-rex valve 15 by the pipe 16 and receives the emulsion in a stable emulsified state from the apparatus.

エマルジョン混合機5は、上端に配置して下向きに固着したインダクションモータ18を有し、該モータの回転軸20は二重筒体の外筒部22および内筒部24と同軸状に配列する。例えば、外筒部22は内径170mm、内筒部24は内径70mmである。外筒部22は、水導入管25(図2)、石油類導入管26(図2)、添加剤供給管14および斜め配置した液注入用キャップ28をそれぞれ接続した金属製の上方椀部30と、ポリ塩化ビニルなどの透明プラスチック製の中間筒部32と、下端にエマルジョン送出管16を接続した金属製の下方椀部34とで構成する。一方、内筒部24は外筒部22よりも寸法が短く、該内筒部の上端面は外筒部22の上方椀部30内に入って該上方椀部の内壁と近接する。内筒部24の下端面は、外筒部22の下方椀部34の内壁と離隔させ、その間に混和翼50を配置する。   The emulsion mixer 5 has an induction motor 18 arranged at the upper end and fixed downward, and the rotating shaft 20 of the motor is arranged coaxially with the outer cylinder part 22 and the inner cylinder part 24 of the double cylinder. For example, the outer cylinder part 22 has an inner diameter of 170 mm, and the inner cylinder part 24 has an inner diameter of 70 mm. The outer cylindrical portion 22 is made of a metal upper flange 30 to which a water introduction pipe 25 (FIG. 2), a petroleum introduction pipe 26 (FIG. 2), an additive supply pipe 14, and a liquid injection cap 28 arranged obliquely are connected. And an intermediate cylinder part 32 made of transparent plastic such as polyvinyl chloride, and a metal lower collar part 34 having the emulsion delivery pipe 16 connected to the lower end. On the other hand, the inner cylinder part 24 is shorter than the outer cylinder part 22, and the upper end surface of the inner cylinder part enters the upper collar part 30 of the outer cylinder part 22 and is close to the inner wall of the upper collar part. The lower end surface of the inner cylinder part 24 is separated from the inner wall of the lower flange part 34 of the outer cylinder part 22, and the mixing blade 50 is disposed therebetween.

外筒部22と内筒部24との間には、半径方向に垂直配置した3枚の仕切り板36を円周方向に等間隔に取り付ける。図3と図4に示すように、各仕切り板36は、その内側縁と外側縁が外筒部22と内筒部24の内周壁と密接する。各仕切り板36の上端部は、上方椀部30と中間筒部32との間で水平に設置した切欠きプレート(図示しない)に対して、L字金具(図示しない)を介して垂直にボルト止めし、該仕切り板の下方部を外筒部22に形成した内方突起(図示しない)の溝に差し込んで垂直に固定する。各仕切り板36の下方部は、切り欠き37(図1)によって細幅になり、その内側面が混和翼50と接触することはない。   Between the outer cylinder part 22 and the inner cylinder part 24, three partition plates 36 arranged vertically in the radial direction are attached at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inner and outer edges of each partition plate 36 are in close contact with the inner peripheral walls of the outer cylinder part 22 and the inner cylinder part 24. The upper end of each partition plate 36 is bolted vertically via an L-shaped bracket (not shown) with respect to a notch plate (not shown) installed horizontally between the upper flange portion 30 and the intermediate cylinder portion 32. The lower part of the partition plate is inserted into a groove of an inward projection (not shown) formed in the outer cylinder part 22 and fixed vertically. The lower part of each partition plate 36 is narrowed by a notch 37 (FIG. 1), and the inner surface thereof does not come into contact with the mixing blade 50.

内筒部24には、外筒部22への連通路として、図6から明らかなように、上方および下方(縦方向中間)に逆三角形状の貫通孔42,44と、下周端に三角形状の切欠き46とを縦一直線状に配列する。貫通孔42,44および切欠き46は、円周方向で等間隔にそれぞれ3組形成し、外筒部22と内筒部24との間において、3枚の仕切り板36で構成される三方の流通路にそれぞれ対応させる。上方の貫通孔42の組は、例えば、石油類と水を合わせて5リットル注入した際に、その液面が該貫通孔のほぼ中間に達するように位置する(図1の液面E参照)。また、下方の貫通孔44の組は、石油類と添加剤を合わせて3.5リットル注入した際に、その液面が該貫通孔のほぼ中間に達するように位置する(図1の液面F参照)。切欠き46は、循環する液体が内筒部24内へ流れ込みやすくするために設ける。   As is apparent from FIG. 6, the inner cylinder portion 24 has inverted triangular through holes 42 and 44 upward and downward (intermediate in the vertical direction), and a triangular shape at the lower peripheral end as a communication path to the outer cylinder portion 22. The cutouts 46 are arranged in a straight line. Three sets of through-holes 42 and 44 and notches 46 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and are formed by three partition plates 36 between the outer cylinder portion 22 and the inner cylinder portion 24. Correspond to each flow path. The upper through hole 42 is positioned so that, for example, when 5 liters of petroleum and water are injected together, the liquid level reaches almost the middle of the through hole (see liquid level E in FIG. 1). . The lower through hole 44 is positioned so that the liquid level reaches approximately the middle of the through hole when 3.5 liters of petroleum and additives are injected together (the liquid level in FIG. 1). F). The notch 46 is provided so that the circulating liquid can easily flow into the inner cylindrical portion 24.

図6に示す内筒部24は、上端枠体38および1対の板材39を介して外筒部22の上方椀部30の内壁に垂直に取り付ける。内筒部24は、外方からの3本の保持アーム40(図3)によって垂直状態を維持している。   The inner cylinder part 24 shown in FIG. 6 is vertically attached to the inner wall of the upper collar part 30 of the outer cylinder part 22 via the upper end frame 38 and a pair of plate members 39. The inner cylinder portion 24 maintains a vertical state by three holding arms 40 (FIG. 3) from the outside.

螺旋翼48および混和翼50は、二重筒体内においてともにモータ軸20に固着する(図5参照)。螺旋翼48は、内筒部24内に収納し、上方の貫通孔42の下方位置から下端の切欠き46の高さ位置に達する長さを有する。例えば、螺旋翼48の傾斜角度は約20度に設定する。図5に示すように、螺旋翼48には、外周縁に沿って90度の間隔で矩形状の小邪魔板52を翼下側に固着する。複数の小邪魔板52により、内筒部24内を上方へ移動する液体を螺旋翼48でいっそう良く攪拌する。また、螺旋翼48には、円周方向に沿って45度の間隔で直径7mmの円形貫通孔54を形成する。複数の貫通孔54により、螺旋翼48が矢印G(図3)に回転した際に、液体の上方移動速度を調整でき、混和翼50の好適な回転数で液のスムースな上方流れを達成させる。   The spiral blade 48 and the mixing blade 50 are both fixed to the motor shaft 20 in the double cylinder (see FIG. 5). The spiral blade 48 is accommodated in the inner cylinder portion 24 and has a length that reaches the height position of the notch 46 at the lower end from the lower position of the upper through hole 42. For example, the inclination angle of the spiral blade 48 is set to about 20 degrees. As shown in FIG. 5, a rectangular small baffle plate 52 is fixed to the spiral blade 48 at the lower side of the blade at intervals of 90 degrees along the outer peripheral edge. The plurality of small baffle plates 52 further stir the liquid moving upward in the inner cylinder portion 24 with the spiral blade 48. In addition, circular through holes 54 having a diameter of 7 mm are formed in the spiral blade 48 at intervals of 45 degrees along the circumferential direction. By the plurality of through holes 54, when the spiral blade 48 rotates in the direction of arrow G (FIG. 3), the upward movement speed of the liquid can be adjusted, and a smooth upward flow of the liquid can be achieved at a suitable rotational speed of the mixing blade 50. .

筒体底の混和翼50は、図7と図8に示すように、板体を外周方向に12等分して切り込んだ半径方向線55で形成された12個の外周片56,57を有し、全体で十二角形の折線58(図7)で上方に屈曲した外周片56と下方に屈曲した外周片57とを交互に配列する。混和翼50は、外周片56,57を一体の内板部60の中心に取付筒部62を垂直に溶接し、該筒部をモータ軸20の下端部に嵌装して固着することにより、内筒部24の下方において外筒部22内に配置する。上方屈曲の外周片56は、回転の際に仕切り板36の下方内側縁と近接する。内板部60は、その表面が平坦であって、該内板部の外周つまり折線58の径は内筒部24の外径よりも大きい。内板部60には、直径15mmである比較的大径の貫通孔64を円周方向で等間隔に6個形成する。   As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylinder has twelve outer peripheral pieces 56 and 57 formed by radial lines 55 obtained by cutting the plate body into 12 equal parts in the outer peripheral direction. Then, outer peripheral pieces 56 bent upward and outer peripheral pieces 57 bent downward are alternately arranged at a dodecagonal folding line 58 (FIG. 7) as a whole. The mixing blade 50 is formed by welding the outer peripheral pieces 56 and 57 to the center of the integral inner plate portion 60 with the mounting cylinder portion 62 vertically, and fitting and fixing the cylinder portion to the lower end portion of the motor shaft 20. It is arranged in the outer cylinder part 22 below the inner cylinder part 24. The upper bent outer peripheral piece 56 is close to the lower inner edge of the partition plate 36 during rotation. The inner plate portion 60 has a flat surface, and the outer periphery of the inner plate portion, that is, the diameter of the fold line 58 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder portion 24. In the inner plate portion 60, six relatively large through holes 64 having a diameter of 15 mm are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

混和翼50において、内板部60の裏側に筒体66を同心状に固着し、該筒体の内径は取付筒部62の外径よりも大きい。筒体66には適宜の位置に複数の貫通孔68を設け,さらに該筒体の外周に小翼板70を半径方向に取り付け、該小翼板は円周方向に等間隔に3個配列する。混和翼50において、循環する液体が内板部60の表側に来ると表面が平坦であるので直ちに通過して内筒部24へ流れ込み、一方、該内板部の裏側に来ると、小翼板70で上昇力が生じて貫通孔64を通過しやすくなり、内筒部24へ容易に流れ込むことで、攪拌時に混和翼50の下側における液体の滞留を防いでいる。   In the mixing blade 50, a cylindrical body 66 is fixed concentrically on the back side of the inner plate portion 60, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body is larger than the outer diameter of the mounting cylindrical portion 62. The cylindrical body 66 is provided with a plurality of through holes 68 at appropriate positions. Further, small blades 70 are attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical body in the radial direction, and three small blades are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. . In the mixing blade 50, when the circulating liquid comes to the front side of the inner plate portion 60, the surface is flat and immediately passes and flows into the inner cylinder portion 24. On the other hand, when it comes to the back side of the inner plate portion, the small blade plate Ascending force is generated at 70 and easily passes through the through-hole 64 and easily flows into the inner cylinder portion 24, thereby preventing liquid from staying under the mixing blade 50 during stirring.

モータ軸20には、図5のように螺旋翼48の上方に拡散翼72も固着し、該拡散翼では軸方向に傾斜した翼板74を円周方向に等間隔に4個配列する(図3参照)。拡散翼72は、内筒部24の貫通孔42の高さに位置し、翼板74の外側縁は内筒部24の内周に近接する。内筒部24内を上昇した液体は、拡散翼72によって速やかに貫通孔42を通過して外筒部22の方へ移動する。   As shown in FIG. 5, a diffusion blade 72 is also fixed to the motor shaft 20 above the spiral blade 48. In the diffusion blade, four blade plates 74 inclined in the axial direction are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (see FIG. 5). 3). The diffusion blade 72 is positioned at the height of the through hole 42 of the inner cylinder portion 24, and the outer edge of the blade plate 74 is close to the inner periphery of the inner cylinder portion 24. The liquid rising in the inner cylinder portion 24 quickly passes through the through hole 42 by the diffusion blade 72 and moves toward the outer cylinder portion 22.

エマルジョン製造装置1において、円筒容器7には、内部の添加剤が冬期に凍結するのを防ぐためにヒータ(図示しない)を周壁に敷設すると好ましい。エマルジョン保留タンク8は、公知のレベル計を取り付けるとともに、収納したエマルジョンの分離を防ぐための攪拌機76を設置しておく。また、エマルジョン混合機5は、透明プラスチック製のレベル計78を備えている。   In the emulsion production apparatus 1, it is preferable that a heater (not shown) is laid on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical container 7 in order to prevent the internal additive from freezing in winter. The emulsion storage tank 8 is provided with a known level meter and a stirrer 76 for preventing separation of the stored emulsion. The emulsion mixer 5 includes a level meter 78 made of transparent plastic.

エマルジョン混合機5を用いてエマルジョン燃料を製造するには、導入管26(図2)から3.5リットルのA重油をエマルジョン混合機5の二重筒体内へ注入するとともに、円筒容器7からポンプ10を経て20ccの液状添加剤を二重筒体内へ注入し、モータ18の回転数を850rpmに定める。注入液の液面F(図1)は、内筒部24における下方の貫通孔44のほぼ中間位置まで達する。モータ18を回転方向G(図3)へ回転すると、この液体を筒体底の混和翼50で攪拌するとともに、螺旋翼48の回転によって内筒部24内を強制的に上方へ移動させ、この移動時にも螺旋翼48および複数の小邪魔板52で液体をさらに攪拌する。上昇した液体は、3組の貫通孔44を通過して外筒部22内へ入り、3枚の仕切り板36で三方に分かれて外筒部22と内筒部24との間を下方へ移動する。   In order to produce emulsion fuel using the emulsion mixer 5, 3.5 liters of A heavy oil is injected into the double cylinder of the emulsion mixer 5 from the introduction pipe 26 (FIG. 2) and pumped from the cylindrical container 7. Through 10, 20 cc of liquid additive is injected into the double cylinder, and the rotational speed of the motor 18 is set to 850 rpm. The liquid level F (FIG. 1) of the injected liquid reaches almost the middle position of the lower through hole 44 in the inner cylinder portion 24. When the motor 18 is rotated in the rotation direction G (FIG. 3), the liquid is stirred by the mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylinder and the inside of the inner cylinder portion 24 is forcibly moved upward by the rotation of the spiral blade 48. During the movement, the liquid is further stirred by the spiral blade 48 and the plurality of small baffle plates 52. The raised liquid passes through the three sets of through holes 44 and enters the outer cylindrical portion 22, and is divided into three sides by the three partition plates 36 and moves downward between the outer cylindrical portion 22 and the inner cylindrical portion 24. To do.

下方移動した液体が筒体底の混和翼50に達すると、該混和翼の直角外周片56でさらに攪拌され、内板部60の上側を通って内筒部24内の螺旋翼48まで直接戻ったり、内板部60の下側では小翼板70で回転力が生じて貫通孔64を通過して螺旋翼48に帰還する。液体は、前記のようにエマルジョン混合機5内を循環し、この循環を3分間続けて混合をさらに促進する。この混合処理において、混和翼50の回転数は700〜1000rpmが好適であり、螺旋翼48が同回転数であると機内の流動が乱れがちになるので、該螺旋翼に複数の貫通孔54を設けることによって液の乱れを抑制する。   When the liquid that has moved downward reaches the mixing blade 50 at the bottom of the cylinder, it is further stirred by the right-angled outer peripheral piece 56 of the mixing blade, and directly returns to the spiral blade 48 in the inner cylinder portion 24 through the upper side of the inner plate portion 60. On the lower side of the inner plate portion 60, a rotational force is generated by the small blade plate 70, passes through the through hole 64, and returns to the spiral blade 48. The liquid circulates in the emulsion mixer 5 as described above, and this circulation is continued for 3 minutes to further promote mixing. In this mixing process, the rotation speed of the mixing blade 50 is preferably 700 to 1000 rpm, and if the spiral blade 48 has the same rotation speed, the flow in the machine tends to be disturbed. Therefore, a plurality of through holes 54 are formed in the spiral blade. The disturbance of the liquid is suppressed by providing.

重油と液状添加剤の混合処理を3分間継続した後に、導入管25(図2)から1.5リットルの水を二重筒体内へ追加して全量を5リットルとすると、液体の液面E(図1)は、内筒部24における上方の貫通孔42のほぼ中間位置まで達する。さらに液体の攪拌を継続すると、内筒部24内を上昇した液体は、拡散翼72によってその多くが上方の貫通孔42を通過し、且つ他の一部が下方の貫通孔44を通過して外筒部22内へ入り、3枚の仕切り板36で三方に分かれて外筒部22と内筒部24との間を下方へ移動する。この循環をさらに2分間継続して混合を促進すると、重油中の水分子が数十ミクロン以下の細かさになる乳白色のエマルジョン燃料を製造することができる。   After mixing the heavy oil and the liquid additive for 3 minutes, when 1.5 liters of water is added from the introduction pipe 25 (FIG. 2) into the double cylinder to make the total amount 5 liters, the liquid level E of the liquid (FIG. 1) reaches almost the middle position of the upper through hole 42 in the inner cylinder portion 24. If stirring of the liquid is further continued, most of the liquid rising in the inner cylinder portion 24 passes through the upper through hole 42 and the other part passes through the lower through hole 44 by the diffusion blade 72. It enters into the outer cylinder part 22 and is divided into three sides by the three partition plates 36 and moves downward between the outer cylinder part 22 and the inner cylinder part 24. If this circulation is further continued for 2 minutes to promote mixing, it is possible to produce a milky white emulsion fuel in which the water molecules in heavy oil are as fine as tens of microns or less.

エマルジョン混合機5で製造したエマルジョン燃料は、エマルジョン製造装置1における保留タンク8に溜め、所定の石油ボイラー(図示しない)へ適宜に送り込む。エマルジョン製造装置1は、エマルジョン燃料を製造するほかに、例えば、化粧品、食品、農業、医療などの分野で使用されるエマルジョンの製造または各種液体の混合に適用してもよい。また、このエマルジョン燃料では、使用可能な油類として、石油系燃料の軽油、灯油、A重油、C重油、さらに動植物廃油、ミシン油、天ぷら油などが例示できる。   The emulsion fuel produced by the emulsion mixer 5 is stored in the storage tank 8 in the emulsion production apparatus 1 and appropriately sent to a predetermined petroleum boiler (not shown). In addition to producing emulsion fuel, the emulsion production apparatus 1 may be applied, for example, to the production of emulsions used in the fields of cosmetics, food, agriculture, medicine, and the mixing of various liquids. In this emulsion fuel, examples of usable oils include petroleum-based fuels such as light oil, kerosene, A heavy oil, C heavy oil, animal and vegetable waste oil, sewing machine oil, and tempura oil.

1 エマルジョン製造装置
5 エマルジョン混合機
8 エマルジョン保留タンク
7 液状添加剤の円筒容器
18 インダクションモータ
20 モータ軸
22 外筒部
24 内筒部
36 仕切り板
42,44 貫通孔
46 切欠き
48 螺旋翼
50 混和翼
52 小邪魔板
54 貫通孔
56,57 外周片
60 内板部
64 貫通孔
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Emulsion manufacturing apparatus 5 Emulsion mixer 8 Emulsion storage tank 7 Cylindrical container of liquid additive 18 Induction motor 20 Motor shaft 22 Outer cylinder part 24 Inner cylinder part 36 Partition plate 42,44 Through hole 46 Notch 48 Spiral blade 50 Mixing blade 52 Small baffle plate 54 Through hole 56, 57 Outer peripheral piece 60 Inner plate part 64 Through hole

Claims (10)

二重筒体の外側に配置する外筒部と、二重筒体の内側に配置するとともに下端を開放し、外筒部への連通路を設けた内筒部と、内筒部内に密に取り付けて撹拌と上昇流が生じるように回転させる螺旋翼と、内筒部下端より下方において外筒部内で回転自在に設置し、外周片が円周方向に所定の間隔をおいて上方、下方または交互に屈曲する混和翼とを備え、二重筒体へ収容した液体を混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させながら混合を促進し、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を下方へ送ることで筒体底の混和翼の位置へ戻すことにより、液体を連続的に循環させて十分な乳化を達成するエマルジョン混合機。   The outer cylinder part arranged outside the double cylinder, the inner cylinder part arranged inside the double cylinder, the lower end being opened, and the communication path to the outer cylinder part provided, and the inner cylinder part closely A helical wing that is attached and rotated so as to generate agitation and an upward flow, and is rotatably installed in the outer cylinder part below the lower end of the inner cylinder part, and the outer peripheral piece is located above, below or at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. The mixing blade is alternately bent, and the liquid contained in the double cylinder is stirred by the mixing blade, and the liquid is moved upward in the inner cylinder portion by the spiral blade, and the mixing is promoted. An emulsion mixer that achieves sufficient emulsification by continuously circulating the liquid by returning it to the position of the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylinder by sending it downward between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder. 筒体底の混和翼において、外周片は円周方向に所定の間隔をおいて上方と下方に交互に屈曲し、且つ表面が平坦な内板部の外径が内筒部の外径よりも大きい請求項1記載のエマルジョン混合機。   In the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylindrical body, the outer peripheral pieces are alternately bent upward and downward at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and the outer diameter of the inner plate portion having a flat surface is larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylindrical portion. The emulsion mixer of claim 1 which is large. 筒体底の混和翼において、表面が平坦な内板部に複数の貫通孔を円周方向に等間隔に設けることにより、混和翼の下側に流入する液体が螺旋翼の方へ流動しやすくなる請求項1記載のエマルジョン混合機。   In the mixing blade on the bottom of the cylinder, by providing a plurality of through holes at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the inner plate part with a flat surface, the liquid flowing into the lower side of the mixing blade can easily flow toward the spiral blade. The emulsion mixer according to claim 1. 二重筒体の外側に配置する外筒部と、二重筒体の内側に配置し且つ下端を開放した内筒部と、外筒部と内筒部との間に垂直配置した少なくとも2枚の仕切り板と、内筒部内に密に取り付けて撹拌と上昇流が生じるように回転させる螺旋翼と、内筒部下端より下方において外筒部内で回転自在に設置する混和翼とを備え、二重筒体へ収容した液体を混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させながら混合を促進し、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を少なくとも二方に分けて下方へ送り、筒体底の混和翼の位置で合流させることにより、液体を連続的に循環させて十分な乳化を達成するエマルジョン混合機。   At least two sheets arranged outside between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part, the outer cylinder part arranged outside the double cylinder, the inner cylinder part arranged inside the double cylinder and the lower end being opened, and the inner cylinder part A partition plate, a spiral blade that is closely attached in the inner cylinder portion and rotated so as to generate agitation and upward flow, and a mixing blade that is rotatably installed in the outer cylinder portion below the lower end of the inner cylinder portion. The liquid contained in the heavy cylinder is agitated with the mixing blade, and mixing is promoted while the liquid is moved upward in the inner cylinder portion by the spiral blade, and at least two sides between the outer cylinder portion and the inner cylinder portion are further promoted. An emulsion mixer that achieves sufficient emulsification by continuously circulating the liquid by dividing it into two parts and joining them at the position of the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylinder. 3枚の仕切り板を外筒部と内筒部との間に等間隔に垂直配置し、液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させながら混合を促進し、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を少なくとも三方に分けて下方へ送って筒体底の混和翼の位置で合流させる請求項4記載のエマルジョン混合機。   Three partition plates are arranged vertically at equal intervals between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part, and the mixing is promoted while moving the liquid upward in the inner cylinder part by the spiral blade, and further, the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder The emulsion mixer according to claim 4, wherein the emulsion mixer is divided into at least three sides and sent downward to join at the position of the mixing blade at the bottom of the cylinder. 螺旋翼において、翼板下側に外周縁と直角に複数枚の邪魔板を固着することにより、螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動する液体の攪拌を促進する請求項1または4記載のエマルジョン混合機。   The emulsion according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the spiral blade, a plurality of baffle plates are fixed to the lower side of the blade plate at a right angle to the outer peripheral edge, thereby facilitating stirring of the liquid moving upward in the inner cylinder portion by the spiral blade. Mixing machine. 螺旋翼において、翼板に複数個の貫通孔を設けることにより、螺旋翼の回転数に対する液体の上方移動速度を調整する請求項1または2記載のエマルジョン混合機。   The emulsion mixer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the spiral blade, a plurality of through holes are provided in the blade plate to adjust the upward moving speed of the liquid with respect to the rotational speed of the spiral blade. 油類と液状添加剤を二重筒体内へ収容し、回転数が700〜1000rpmである筒体底の混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させ、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を下方へ送ることによって液体を数分間循環攪拌し、ついで水を加えてさらに筒体底の混和翼で撹拌するとともに、この液体を螺旋翼によって内筒部内を上方へ移動させ、さらに外筒部と内筒部との間を下方へ送ることによって液体を数分間連続的に循環させて乳化状態を安定化させるエマルジョン燃料の製造方法。   Oil and liquid additive are contained in a double cylinder, and stirred with a mixing blade at the bottom of the cylinder having a rotation speed of 700 to 1000 rpm, and the liquid is moved upward in the inner cylinder by the spiral blade, The liquid is circulated and stirred for several minutes by sending it down between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part. A method for producing an emulsion fuel that stabilizes an emulsified state by continuously circulating a liquid for several minutes by moving the pipe upward and further sending it downward between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part. 油類と液状添加剤を150〜240秒間攪拌してから、ついで水を加えてさらに90〜150秒間攪拌する請求項8記載のエマルジョン燃料の製造方法。   The method for producing an emulsion fuel according to claim 8, wherein the oil and the liquid additive are stirred for 150 to 240 seconds, then water is added and the mixture is further stirred for 90 to 150 seconds. A重油または軽油などの石油類と水の割合が容積比で8:2〜6:4であり、界面活性剤を含む液状添加剤は微量である請求項8記載のエマルジョン燃料の製造方法。   The method for producing an emulsion fuel according to claim 8, wherein the ratio of petroleum oil such as A heavy oil or light oil to water is 8: 2 to 6: 4 by volume ratio, and the liquid additive containing a surfactant is in a trace amount.
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WO2017171080A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構 Biofuel production device and biofuel production method using same
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105289360A (en) * 2015-11-18 2016-02-03 刘操 Circulating type dual coating material dispersion apparatus
WO2017171080A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構 Biofuel production device and biofuel production method using same
JPWO2017171080A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2018-12-13 国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構 Animal and plant fuel production equipment
CN113198368A (en) * 2021-05-10 2021-08-03 吴玉煌 Floor paint waterproof coating processing equipment
CN114058765A (en) * 2021-11-18 2022-02-18 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 Stirrer for KR mechanical stirring desulfurization of molten iron before converter steelmaking
CN115193312A (en) * 2022-07-18 2022-10-18 代金涛 A blood test is vibrate test tube and is mixed device of dissolving for hematology branch of academic or vocational study
CN115193312B (en) * 2022-07-18 2024-01-26 长沙市红岸基元生物科技有限公司 Blood test concusable test tube mixing and dissolving device for hematology department

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