JP2012025740A - ナス科植物の高温障害抑制剤 - Google Patents
ナス科植物の高温障害抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012025740A JP2012025740A JP2011137899A JP2011137899A JP2012025740A JP 2012025740 A JP2012025740 A JP 2012025740A JP 2011137899 A JP2011137899 A JP 2011137899A JP 2011137899 A JP2011137899 A JP 2011137899A JP 2012025740 A JP2012025740 A JP 2012025740A
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- high temperature
- acid
- temperature
- inhibitor
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Abstract
【解決手段】一般式(1)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
[式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。]
で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩を有効成分とするナス科植物の高温障害抑制剤。
【選択図】なし
Description
しかしながら、このような抑制栽培ではやや若苗を定植する必要があり、根群発達の促進のために適度な潅水を行って対応しても、果実負担によって草勢が急激に低下しやすくなるというような問題がある。
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
[式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。]
で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩を有効成分とする、ナス科植物の高温障害抑制剤を提供するものである。
ナス科植物の着果不良又は果実肥大不良抑制効果は、5−アミノレブリン酸の効果として既に知られている成長促進、果実肥大、着果促進とは異なり、高温障害による着果不良又は果実肥大不良を抑制する効果である。例を挙げると、これはすなわち、トマトであれば本来1花房当たり最大着果数が7とした場合、高温の為に着果数が2〜3つに減少し、また、高温による生育阻害の為に肥大が行われなくなるという現象に対し、5−アミノレブリン酸を処理することにより、高温による着果数の減少、肥大不良を抑えられることを意味する。
一般式(1)中、R1及びR2で示されるアルキル基としては、炭素数1〜24の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基が好ましく、より好ましくは炭素数1〜18のアルキル基、特に炭素数1〜6のアルキル基が好ましい。炭素数1〜6のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基等が挙げられる。
R1及びR2で示されるアリール基としては、炭素数6〜16のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基等が挙げられる。
R1及びR2で示されるアラルキル基としては、炭素数6〜16のアリール基と上記炭素数1〜6のアルキル基とからなる基が好ましく、例えば、ベンジル基等が挙げられる。
R3で示されるアシルオキシ基としては、炭素数1〜12の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルカノイルオキシ基が好ましく、特に炭素数1〜6のアルカノイルオキシ基が好ましい。当該アシルオキシ基としては、アセトキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基、ブチリルオキシ基等が挙げられる。
R3で示されるアリールオキシ基としては、炭素数6〜16のアリールオキシ基が好ましく、例えば、フェノキシ基、ナフチルオキシ基等が挙げられる。アラルキルオキシ基としては、前記アラルキル基を有するものが好ましく、例えば、ベンジルオキシ基等が挙げられる。
以上詳述した5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩は、水和物又は溶媒和物を形成していてもよく、またいずれかを単独で又は2種以上を適宜組み合わせて用いることができる。
4月に本葉4〜7枚の大玉トマト(品種:桃太郎)苗を6号ポットに定植し、定植1ヶ月後から1週間に1回、計12回、5−アミノレブリン酸200mg/10a、1ppmの濃度で茎葉処理するポットと無処理のポットの2条件で栽培した。栽培は屋外で8月前半まで行った。気温は平均26℃、最高気温は35℃であったが、日中の6時間以上において気温が30℃以上になった日はなかった。具体的には、30℃以上になった日数と時間は、1時間以上2時間未満が4日、2時間以上4時間未満が4日、4時間以上6時間未満が11日であり、それ以外の日は、1時間以上において30℃以上になった日はなかった。また、4段目の花が開花する前に成長点を切除し、3段目までの収穫量を評価した。それぞれの条件において3ポット栽培した。結果を図1に示す。
適正温度で栽培された場合、トマトの着果不良又は果実肥大不良は認められなかった。この時、無処理区に対する処理区の総重量増加率は7.3%であり、ストレスを改善した時のような数十%もの増加ではなかった。
6月に本葉6〜7葉の大玉トマト(品種:桃太郎)苗を6号ポットに定植し、定植3日後から毎週に5−アミノレブリン酸(ALA)塩酸塩を400mg/10a、1ppmで計9回茎葉処理したポットと無処理のポットの2条件で栽培した。それぞれの条件において、3回目の処理3日後から、栽培温度を日中(12時間)33、35、37℃の3つの栽培条件でそれぞれ栽培を行った。このとき、夜間(12時間)の栽培温度は30℃とした。ポット定植から9、35、50日後に、液体肥料ハイポニカをそれぞれN−P−K=2.0−1.2−3.4kg/10a施肥した。また、二段目の花が開花する前に成長点を切除した。一段目の最初の着果が始まってから約30日後にそれぞれのポットの一段目における着果数、肥大果新鮮重量を測定した。結果を表1及び図2に示す。
3cm×3cmのセルに黒土を入れ、リーフレタスを播種し、温室で育苗した。播種2週間後にALA塩酸塩を0、1、30、100ppmの濃度で、200L/10a茎葉散布した。ALA処理3日後に、45℃、10時間インキュベータで高温処理し、その後、温室内で栽培を続けた。高温処理から2週間後に新鮮重量を測定した。
Claims (4)
- 一般式(1)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
[式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。]
で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩を有効成分とする、ナス科植物の高温障害抑制剤。 - 高温障害が生じる栽培時の条件が、日中の気温が30〜42℃である状態が6時間以上になる日が3日以上である、請求項1記載の高温障害抑制剤。
- 高温障害が着果不良又は果実の肥大不良である請求項1又は2記載の高温障害抑制剤。
- ナス科植物がトマトである請求項1〜3の何れか1項記載の高温障害抑制剤。
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JP2021078468A (ja) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-27 | カゴメ株式会社 | 貯蔵花粉及びその製造方法並びにナス科野菜の生産方法並びにナス科野菜の不良果率低減方法 |
JP2021078470A (ja) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-27 | カゴメ株式会社 | 貯蔵花粉及びその製造方法並びにトマトの生産方法 |
JP7039543B2 (ja) | 2019-11-22 | 2022-03-22 | カゴメ株式会社 | 貯蔵花粉及びその製造方法並びにナス科野菜の生産方法並びにナス科野菜の不良果率低減方法 |
JP2022109323A (ja) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-07-27 | カゴメ株式会社 | 貯蔵花粉及びその製造方法並びにトマトの生産方法 |
JP7259102B2 (ja) | 2019-11-22 | 2023-04-17 | カゴメ株式会社 | 貯蔵花粉及びその製造方法並びにナス科野菜の生産方法並びにナス科野菜の不良果率低減方法 |
CN114128716A (zh) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-04 | 南京天秾生物技术有限公司 | 2-氨基-3-吲哚基丁酸或3-甲基吡咯烷-2-羧酸作为植物免疫诱抗剂的应用 |
WO2023103931A1 (zh) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-06-15 | 南京天秾生物技术有限公司 | 2-氨基-3-吲哚基丁酸或3-甲基吡咯烷-2-羧酸作为植物免疫诱抗剂的应用 |
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