JP2012017898A - Combustion chamber in waste treatment facility - Google Patents

Combustion chamber in waste treatment facility Download PDF

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JP2012017898A
JP2012017898A JP2010155006A JP2010155006A JP2012017898A JP 2012017898 A JP2012017898 A JP 2012017898A JP 2010155006 A JP2010155006 A JP 2010155006A JP 2010155006 A JP2010155006 A JP 2010155006A JP 2012017898 A JP2012017898 A JP 2012017898A
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burner
combustion
air
chamber
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JP5537299B2 (en
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Mitsumasa Todaka
光正 戸高
Shunji Yamauchi
俊次 山内
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Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion chamber of a waste treatment facility capable of suppressing production of clinker and stably forming flames even when combustible gas generating by gasification of waste has low calories.SOLUTION: A combustion burner 1 is horizontally disposed in the combustion chamber 2, and a secondary air blowing port 32 is disposed in the same level as the combustion burner 1 and spaced from the burner. An upper air chamber, a lower air chamber, a left air chamber and a right air chamber are disposed surrounding the outer periphery of a combustible gas flow passage. Each air chamber is partitioned by a straightening plate having openings to distribute a predetermined amount of combustion air. A slit type combustion air discharge nozzle is disposed in each of the downstream of the left air chamber and the downstream of the right air chamber. A plurality of branch posts for branching the combustible gas flow passage is disposed near an exit of the combustible gas flow passage. A plurality of burner tiles are disposed as spaced from the branch posts, and a plurality of burner ports each having a premixing region for mixing the combustible gas with air are formed between the burner tiles. One burner port functions as an ignition burner port where the premixing region is expanded by extending the burner tile.

Description

本発明は、廃棄物溶融炉等の廃棄物処理設備において廃棄物のガス化で発生する可燃性ガスを燃焼させる燃焼室に関する。   The present invention relates to a combustion chamber for burning a combustible gas generated by waste gasification in a waste treatment facility such as a waste melting furnace.

一般廃棄物、産業廃棄物などの廃棄物の処理に廃棄物ガス化炉などの廃棄物処理炉が利用され、廃棄物処理炉で発生する可燃性ダストや可燃性ガスは燃焼室で燃焼バーナにより燃焼させて熱回収が行われる。   Waste treatment furnaces such as waste gasification furnaces are used for the treatment of wastes such as general waste and industrial waste. Combustible dust and combustible gas generated in waste treatment furnaces are burned by a combustion burner in the combustion chamber. Heat recovery is performed by burning.

廃棄物ガス化で発生する可燃性ガスを燃焼させる燃焼バーナとして、簡単な構造で燃焼性を向上させることが可能な部分予混合形式の燃焼バーナが知られている（特許文献１参照）。   As a combustion burner for combusting combustible gas generated by waste gasification, a partial premixing combustion burner capable of improving combustibility with a simple structure is known (see Patent Document 1).

図８において、燃焼バーナ１は燃焼室２に取り付けられ、廃棄物処理炉で発生した可燃性ガスＧは燃焼空気Ａと混合されて燃焼室内で燃焼する。   In FIG. 8, the combustion burner 1 is attached to the combustion chamber 2, and the combustible gas G generated in the waste treatment furnace is mixed with the combustion air A and combusted in the combustion chamber.

図９において、可燃性ガスＧが可燃性ガス流路である可燃性ガスダクト２０を経由して燃焼室２に導入されるとともに、燃焼空気Ａが燃焼空気ダクト２１を経由して風箱２２へ導入される。   In FIG. 9, the combustible gas G is introduced into the combustion chamber 2 through the combustible gas duct 20 which is a combustible gas flow path, and the combustion air A is introduced into the wind box 22 through the combustion air duct 21. Is done.

風箱２２へ導入された可燃性ガスと燃焼空気は、風箱２２の端部のバーナタイル２３に形成された混ガス噴出口２４と可燃性ガスダクト２０の出口との間に形成されたガス混合室２５で部分予混合した上で複数の混合ガス噴出口２４から燃焼室１内に噴出し火炎を形成する。   The combustible gas and the combustion air introduced into the wind box 22 are mixed with a gas mixture formed between the mixed gas outlet 24 formed in the burner tile 23 at the end of the wind box 22 and the outlet of the combustible gas duct 20. After partial premixing in the chamber 25, a flame is formed by jetting into the combustion chamber 1 from the plurality of mixed gas outlets 24.

図１０（ａ）において、燃焼空気通路には、燃焼空気を通す通孔２７が間隔おいて貫通している整流板２６が設けられている。   In FIG. 10 (a), a rectifying plate 26 is provided in the combustion air passage.

可燃性ガスダクト２０の出口には、可燃性ガスを分流して流速を速くしてガス混合室２５に導入するため、ガス縮小板２８が設けられている。   A gas reducing plate 28 is provided at the outlet of the combustible gas duct 20 in order to introduce the combustible gas into the gas mixing chamber 25 by dividing the combustible gas and increasing the flow velocity.

燃焼空気ダクト２１から風箱２２に導入された燃焼空気は複数の通孔２７を有する整流板２６で整流後、ガス混合室２５で可燃性ガスと衝突し部分混合ガスが形成される。可燃性ガスと燃焼空気の混合ガスは、混合ガス噴出口２４から燃焼室内に噴出されてバーナ火炎を形成する。   The combustion air introduced from the combustion air duct 21 into the wind box 22 is rectified by the rectifying plate 26 having a plurality of through holes 27 and then collides with the combustible gas in the gas mixing chamber 25 to form a partial mixed gas. The mixed gas of combustible gas and combustion air is ejected from the mixed gas outlet 24 into the combustion chamber to form a burner flame.

図１１に示すように、燃焼バーナ１は下向きに燃焼室２に取り付けられ、可燃性ガスＧが可燃性ガスダクトを経由して燃焼室２に導入されるとともに、燃焼空気が燃焼空気ダクト４を経由して導入される。バーナ火炎の温度を制御するため、燃焼バーナ１と同じレベルに二次空気吹込口３２が間隔をおいて配置されている。二次空気は燃焼室温度計３５からの温度により燃焼ガス温度調節計にて空気流量を調節するフィードバック制御を行っている。 As shown in FIG. 11, the combustion burner 1 is attached to the combustion chamber 2 downward, and the combustible gas G is introduced into the combustion chamber 2 through the combustible gas duct, and the combustion air passes through the combustion air duct 4. Will be introduced. In order to control the temperature of the burner flame, the secondary air inlets 32 are arranged at the same level as the combustion burner 1 at intervals. The secondary air is subjected to feedback control in which the air flow rate is adjusted by the combustion gas temperature controller based on the temperature from the combustion chamber thermometer 35.

特開２００６−２６６６１９号公報JP 2006-266619 A

廃棄物のガス化で発生する可燃性ガス中の可燃成分は、ＣＯ、Ｈ２、タール蒸気を含む炭化水素系ガス及び未燃Ｃである。これらの可燃成分の割合は廃棄物ガス化の過程で大きく変動する。また、可燃性ガス量も変動し、燃焼室の燃焼バーナではこの広い範囲で変動するガスカロリーに対して安定して燃焼することが求められる。 The combustible components in the combustible gas generated by the gasification of the waste are hydrocarbon gas containing CO, H 2 , tar vapor, and unburned C. The proportion of these combustible components varies greatly during the process of waste gasification. In addition, the amount of combustible gas also varies, and the combustion burner in the combustion chamber is required to stably burn against the gas calorie varying in this wide range.

このため、燃焼空気を一次空気と二次空気に分け、一次空気はバーナ空気としてカロリー低下時にも失火をきたさない最小限の空気量とし、二次空気量で火炎温度を制御する方式が取られており、可燃性ガスを燃焼する燃焼空気量は、ガスカロリーを直接計測して制御できないため、燃焼室内温度計からのフィードバックで制御される。一次空気量としては平均的なガスカロリーに対し空気比１程度とし、通常は一定流量とし、燃焼炉温度計からの信号により燃焼炉温度を９００〜１１００℃になるように二次空気量をコントロールする。 Therefore, the combustion air is divided into primary air and secondary air, the primary air is burner air, the minimum air amount that does not cause misfire even when calories are reduced, and the method of controlling the flame temperature with the secondary air amount is taken. The amount of combustion air for burning the combustible gas cannot be controlled by directly measuring the gas calorie, and is therefore controlled by feedback from the combustion chamber thermometer. The primary air amount is about 1 to the average gas calorie, usually at a constant flow rate, and the secondary air amount is controlled so that the combustion furnace temperature becomes 900-1100 ° C by a signal from the combustion furnace thermometer. To do.

しかしながら、廃棄物ガス化炉の場合、ガスカロリー変動速度が大きく、一時的に空気過多や空気過小となる。前者の場合は火炎温度が低下して失火し、後者の場合は火炎温度が異常高温となって発生ガス中のダスト分を溶融して燃焼室内でクリンカを形成する。 However, in the case of a waste gasifier, the gas calorie fluctuation rate is large, and the air is temporarily excessive or excessive. In the former case, the flame temperature is lowered and misfire occurs, and in the latter case, the flame temperature becomes abnormally high and the dust in the generated gas is melted to form a clinker in the combustion chamber.

また、この空気制御においても極端にガスカロリーが下がった場合には、バーナ火炎を維持できなくなり失火に至る場合がある。 Further, even in this air control, if the gas calorie is extremely reduced, the burner flame cannot be maintained and a misfire may occur.

また、燃焼バーナが燃焼室に下向きに傾斜して取り付けられているため、火炎が二次空気吹込口より下方に向いているので、燃焼室の二次空気吹込口より下部が千数百度の高温となってダストが溶融してクリンカが発生するという問題がある。 In addition, since the combustion burner is attached to the combustion chamber so as to be inclined downward, the flame is directed downward from the secondary air inlet, so that the lower part of the combustion chamber has a high temperature of a few hundred degrees below the secondary air inlet. There is a problem that the dust melts and clinker is generated.

そこで、本発明は、廃棄物のガス化で発生する可燃性ガスを燃焼させる燃焼室において、クリンカの発生を抑制するとともに、廃棄物のガス化で発生する可燃性ガスが低カロリー時にも安定した火炎形成できる燃焼室を提供するものである。 Therefore, the present invention suppresses the generation of clinker in the combustion chamber for burning the combustible gas generated by the gasification of the waste and stabilizes the combustible gas generated by the gasification of the waste even at a low calorie. A combustion chamber capable of forming a flame is provided.

本発明は、廃棄物のガス化により発生する可燃性ガスと燃焼空気とを予混合領域で混合して燃焼させる廃棄物処理設備の燃焼室において、燃焼バーナが燃焼室に水平に設けられ、燃焼バーナと同じレベルに二次空気吹込口が間隔をおいて配置され、可燃性ガスが導入される可燃性ガス流路の外周を取り囲む風箱を形成し、該風箱に取り込まれた燃焼空気は所定量の燃焼空気を分配する開口が設けられた整流板を介して上部空気室、下部空気室、左側空気室及び右側空気室に分配され、可燃性ガスとの予混合室に吐出させ、左側空気室の下流及び右側空気室の下流にスリット状の燃焼空気吐出ノズルが設けられ、可燃性ガス流路の出口付近に可燃性ガス流路を複数の流路に分岐するための複数の分岐ポストが設けられ、該分岐ポストは上部空気室及び下部空気室から導入した燃焼空気を予混合室に吐出するスリット状の燃焼空気の吐出ノズルを有し、分岐ポストの背面には、分岐ポストと間隔をおいてバーナタイルが分岐ポスト毎に配置され、該バーナタイル間に可燃性ガスと空気を混合する予混合領域としたバーナポートが複数形成され、このバーナポートのうち、一つのバーナポートがバーナタイルを延設して予混合領域を拡張した着火用バーナポートであることを特徴とする廃棄物処理設備の燃焼室である。 The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a waste treatment facility in which a combustible gas generated by gasification of waste and combustion air are mixed and burned in a premixing region, and a combustion burner is provided horizontally in the combustion chamber. The secondary air inlets are arranged at intervals at the same level as the burner, forming a wind box surrounding the outer periphery of the combustible gas flow path into which the combustible gas is introduced, and the combustion air taken into the wind box is It is distributed to the upper air chamber, the lower air chamber, the left air chamber and the right air chamber through a rectifying plate provided with an opening for distributing a predetermined amount of combustion air, and discharged to the premixing chamber with the combustible gas, and left A plurality of branch posts for splitting the flammable gas flow path into a plurality of flow paths near the outlet of the flammable gas flow path, provided with slit-like combustion air discharge nozzles downstream of the air chamber and downstream of the right air chamber And the branch post has an upper air And a slit-like combustion air discharge nozzle that discharges combustion air introduced from the lower air chamber to the premixing chamber, and a burner tile is placed on each branch post on the back of the branch post with a space from the branch post. A plurality of burner ports are formed between the burner tiles as a premixing region for mixing flammable gas and air, and one of the burner ports extends the premixing region by extending the burner tile. It is a combustion chamber of a waste treatment facility characterized by being a burner port for ignition.

前記構成において、燃焼バーナの火炎が円筒形燃焼室の接線方向に噴出して旋回流を形成するように燃焼バーナが設置され、最外周の着火用バーナポートへの空気量を他のバーナポートに対して独立して調整可能とすることができ、また、二次空気吹込口を燃焼バーナのバーナポートの高さに合わせて上下方向に複数段配置することができる。 In the above configuration, the combustion burner is installed so that the flame of the combustion burner is ejected in the tangential direction of the cylindrical combustion chamber to form a swirl flow, and the amount of air to the outermost ignition burner port is transferred to the other burner port In contrast, the secondary air inlets can be arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction according to the height of the burner port of the combustion burner.

本発明の燃焼バーナの火炎の噴出方向が円筒形燃焼室の接線方向になるように水平に設置して火炎が炉内旋回するようにして、燃焼バーナと同じレベルに二次空気吹込口を設けているので、火炎の温度が低下してダストの溶融を防止することができるので、クリンカの発生を防止することができる。 The combustion burner of the present invention is installed horizontally so that the flame jet direction is tangential to the cylindrical combustion chamber so that the flame swirls in the furnace, and a secondary air inlet is provided at the same level as the combustion burner. As a result, the temperature of the flame is lowered and the melting of the dust can be prevented, so that the generation of clinker can be prevented.

横方向に並んだ複数のバーナポートのうち、最外周のバーナポートを他のバーナポートより可燃性ガスと燃焼空気の予混合性を強化するために予混合室を拡大した着火用バーナポートとし、さらに、この着火用バーナポートのみ燃焼空気量を他のバーナポートに独立して調整できるようにして極端なカロリー低下時に対応できるようにしたので、燃焼バーナ用空気としての一次空気量の全体量は平均的ガスカロリーをベースに一定量に維持しつつ、極端なカロリー低下の場合にも着火用バーナポートの火炎は維持される。この火炎は他ポートからのガスの着火源となり燃焼バーナ全体の火炎を維持することが可能となる。 Among the plurality of burner ports arranged in the horizontal direction, the outermost burner port is an ignition burner port in which the premixing chamber is expanded in order to enhance the premixability of combustible gas and combustion air than the other burner ports. Furthermore, only the ignition burner port can adjust the combustion air amount independently of other burner ports so that it can cope with extreme calorie reduction, so the total amount of primary air as combustion burner air is While maintaining a constant amount based on the average gas calorie, the flame of the ignition burner port is maintained even in the case of extreme calorie reduction. This flame becomes an ignition source of gas from the other port, and the flame of the entire combustion burner can be maintained.

本発明の燃焼バーナを燃焼室に設置した状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which installed the combustion burner of this invention in the combustion chamber. 図１の燃焼バーナレベルの水平断面図である。It is a horizontal sectional view of the combustion burner level of FIG. 図２におけるバーナ部分の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the burner part in FIG. 図３のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. 右側空気室の出口部分を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the exit part of a right side air chamber. 可燃性ガスと燃焼空気の流れを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the flow of combustible gas and combustion air. 図６のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. 従来の燃焼バーナを燃焼室に取り付けた状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which attached the conventional combustion burner to the combustion chamber. 図８の燃焼室の燃焼バーナの水平断面図である。It is a horizontal sectional view of the combustion burner of the combustion chamber of FIG. （ａ）は図９のＥ−Ｅ矢視図、（ｂ）は図９のＦ−Ｆ矢視図、（ｃ）は燃焼室の内部からバーナタイルを視た図９のＧ−Ｇ矢視図である。(A) is an EE arrow view of FIG. 9, (b) is an FF arrow view of FIG. 9, (c) is a GG arrow view of FIG. 9 when the burner tile is viewed from the inside of the combustion chamber. FIG. 従来の燃焼バーナと二次空気吹込口の配置を示す図である。It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the conventional combustion burner and a secondary air blowing inlet.

本発明の実施例について図面を参照しながら説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１〜図４において、燃焼バーナ１は円筒型の燃焼室２に水平に取り付けられるとともに、燃焼バーナの火炎Ｆが燃焼室の接線方向に噴出して旋回流を形成するように設置されており、廃棄物ガス化溶融炉等で廃棄物のガス化により発生した可燃性ガスは、燃焼空気と混合されて燃焼室内で燃焼する。 1 to 4, the combustion burner 1 is horizontally installed in a cylindrical combustion chamber 2 and is installed so that a flame F of the combustion burner is ejected in a tangential direction of the combustion chamber to form a swirling flow. Combustible gas generated by waste gasification in a waste gasification melting furnace or the like is mixed with combustion air and burned in the combustion chamber.

燃焼バーナ１には、図２に示すように、空気供給配管の一次空気調整弁３４を経て一次空気が導入される。燃焼室２の周囲には、旋回流となったバーナ火炎Ｆの温度を制御するため、燃焼室２の周方向に間隔をおいて複数の二次空気吹込口３２が設けられる。二次空気吹込口３２はバーナ火炎全体に燃焼空気を吹き付けてバーナ火炎温度を制御し易くするため、燃焼バーナ１のバーナポート１４，１４ａの高さに合わせて上下方向に複数段配置する。 As shown in FIG. 2, primary air is introduced into the combustion burner 1 through a primary air regulating valve 34 of an air supply pipe. Around the combustion chamber 2, a plurality of secondary air injection ports 32 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber 2 in order to control the temperature of the burner flame F that has become a swirling flow. In order to make it easy to control the burner flame temperature by blowing the combustion air over the entire burner flame, the secondary air blowing ports 32 are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction according to the height of the burner ports 14 and 14a of the combustion burner 1.

二次空気吹込口３２から吹き込む二次空気量は二次空気調節弁３３により調節され、一次空気及び二次空気は燃焼室温度計３５からの温度により燃焼ガス温度調節計（ＴＩＣ）３６にて空気流量を調節するフィードバック制御を行っている。 The amount of secondary air blown from the secondary air inlet 32 is adjusted by a secondary air control valve 33, and the primary air and the secondary air are heated by a combustion gas temperature controller (TIC) 36 according to the temperature from the combustion chamber thermometer 35. Feedback control is performed to adjust the air flow rate.

燃焼バーナ１には、廃棄物処理炉で発生した可燃性ガスが導入される断面が矩形の可燃性ガス流路３が中央に配置される。可燃性ガス流路３の外周を取り囲んで風箱２２が形成され、燃焼空気ダクト４から燃焼空気が供給される。   The combustion burner 1 is provided with a combustible gas passage 3 having a rectangular cross section into which the combustible gas generated in the waste treatment furnace is introduced. A wind box 22 is formed surrounding the outer periphery of the combustible gas flow path 3, and combustion air is supplied from the combustion air duct 4.

図３〜図６に示すように、風箱２２の下流側は可燃性ガス流路３の外周を取り囲んで上部空気室５、下部空気室６、左側空気室７及び右側空気室８が独立して配置されるとともに、各空気室５，６，７，８は可燃性ガス流路３の外周を取り囲んで整流板９で仕切られている。整流板９には燃焼空気を通す開口１０が間隔おいて設けられている。燃焼空気ダクト４より風箱２２に導入された空気は、上部空気室５、下部空気室６及び左側空気室７および右側空気室８に分岐されて流入する。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the downstream side of the wind box 22 surrounds the outer periphery of the combustible gas flow path 3, and the upper air chamber 5, the lower air chamber 6, the left air chamber 7 and the right air chamber 8 are independent. Each air chamber 5, 6, 7, 8 surrounds the outer periphery of the combustible gas flow path 3 and is partitioned by a rectifying plate 9. The rectifying plate 9 is provided with openings 10 through which combustion air passes. The air introduced into the wind box 22 from the combustion air duct 4 is branched into the upper air chamber 5, the lower air chamber 6, the left air chamber 7 and the right air chamber 8.

整流板９の開口１０の断面積に応じた所定量の燃焼空気を上下左右の各空気室内に独立して流すことが可能となっているが、着火用バーナポート１４ａにつながる右側空気室８のみ空気調節ダンパ３０を設けるとともに、後述する空気室間仕切り板２９とノズル仕切板１２ｂを設けて残りの空気室５，６，７から分離して単独で燃焼空気量を調節可能にしている。このため、右側空気室８の整流板９は設けなくてもよい。 A predetermined amount of combustion air corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the opening 10 of the rectifying plate 9 can be independently flowed into the upper, lower, left and right air chambers, but only the right air chamber 8 connected to the ignition burner port 14a. In addition to providing an air adjustment damper 30, an air chamber partition plate 29 and a nozzle partition plate 12b, which will be described later, are provided so as to be separated from the remaining air chambers 5, 6, and 7 so that the amount of combustion air can be adjusted independently. For this reason, the baffle plate 9 of the right air chamber 8 may not be provided.

燃焼バーナ１の端部には複数のバーナポートが形成され、本実施例では、中間部の三つのバーナタイル１２，１２，１２ａと周囲部のバーナタイル１３の間に、三つのバーナポート１４と最外周の着火用バーナポート１４ａが形成される。   A plurality of burner ports are formed at the end of the combustion burner 1. In this embodiment, three burner ports 14, between the three burner tiles 12, 12, 12 a in the middle part and the burner tile 13 in the peripheral part, The outermost ignition burner port 14a is formed.

中間部の三つのバーナタイル１２，１２，１２ａは、その上流側に上部空気室５及び下部空気室６に連通する横断面が屋根形の分岐ポスト１５が間隔をおいて配置される。分岐ポスト１５と中間部の山形のバーナタイル１２，１２，１２ａとにより形成される両側の間隙で二つの燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６が形成される。 The three burner tiles 12, 12, 12 a in the middle part are arranged with a branched post 15 having a roof-like cross section communicating with the upper air chamber 5 and the lower air chamber 6 at an upstream side thereof. Two combustion air discharge nozzles 16 are formed by gaps on both sides formed by the branch post 15 and the chevron burner tiles 12, 12, 12 a in the middle.

四つのバーナポート１４のうち、最外周の着火用バーナポート１４ａは単独で燃焼空気量を調節可能な構造にする。そのため、上部空気室５及び下部空気室６の高さ範囲で右側空気室８は他の空気室にある整流板９の位置から下流側と分岐ポスト１５ａの間に空気室間仕切り板２９を設ける。 Of the four burner ports 14, the outermost ignition burner port 14a has a structure in which the amount of combustion air can be adjusted independently. Therefore, in the height range of the upper air chamber 5 and the lower air chamber 6, the right air chamber 8 is provided with an air chamber partition plate 29 between the downstream side of the rectifying plate 9 in the other air chamber and the branch post 15a.

そして、着火用バーナポート１４ａの分岐ポスト１５ａ内は分岐ポスト１５ａとバーナタイル１２ａとの間にノズル仕切板１５ｂを上下方向に設けて着火用バーナポート１４ａ側の燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６ａと隣り合う燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６を仕切る。 In the branch post 15a of the ignition burner port 14a, a nozzle partition plate 15b is provided in the vertical direction between the branch post 15a and the burner tile 12a, and the combustion adjacent to the combustion air discharge nozzle 16a on the ignition burner port 14a side. The air discharge nozzle 16 is partitioned.

こうして空気室間仕切り板２９とノズル仕切板１５ｂにより、上部空気室５及び下部空気室６の燃焼空気は、分岐ポスト１５ａの左側部１５ｃに供給されるが、分岐ポスト１５ａの右側部１５ｂへは供給されないため、分岐ポスト１５ａの着火用バーナポート１４ａ側の燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６ａへの流入は阻止され、燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６ａと燃焼空気吐出ノズル１７から着火用バーナポート１４ａに入る全空気は、右側空気室８のみから供給されることになり、燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６ａへの空気量は調節ダンパ３０により調節可能となる。 Thus, the combustion air in the upper air chamber 5 and the lower air chamber 6 is supplied to the left side 15c of the branch post 15a by the air chamber partition plate 29 and the nozzle partition plate 15b, but is supplied to the right side 15b of the branch post 15a. Therefore, the inflow of the branch post 15a to the combustion air discharge nozzle 16a on the ignition burner port 14a side is blocked, and all the air entering the ignition burner port 14a from the combustion air discharge nozzle 16a and the combustion air discharge nozzle 17 The air is supplied only from the air chamber 8, and the amount of air to the combustion air discharge nozzle 16 a can be adjusted by the adjustment damper 30.

左側空気室７および右側空気室８の出口を絞って周囲部のバーナタイルとの間の燃焼空気吐出ノズル１７がスリット状に形成される。左側空気室７および右側空気室８に導入された燃焼空気が燃焼空気吐出ノズル１７から吐出する。 Combustion air discharge nozzles 17 between the left air chamber 7 and the right air chamber 8 and the surrounding burner tiles are formed in a slit shape. The combustion air introduced into the left air chamber 7 and the right air chamber 8 is discharged from the combustion air discharge nozzle 17.

上部空気室５および下部空気室６に導入された燃焼空気は、分岐ポスト１５，１５ｃに入り込み、燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６から分岐して吐出する。 The combustion air introduced into the upper air chamber 5 and the lower air chamber 6 enters the branch posts 15 and 15 c, branches off from the combustion air discharge nozzle 16, and is discharged.

図７に示すように、四つのバーナポート１４，１４ａのそれぞれのポート内で可燃性ガスＧが空気Ａに挟まれて混合する構造となっていて、バーナポート１４の出口で火炎が発生する。さらに、この着火用バーナポート１４ａへの空気は、右側空気室８から供給され右側面からスリット状の空気ノズル噴出ルートと分岐ポスト１５からの空気とに分流され、着火用バーナポートに導入される。 As shown in FIG. 7, the combustible gas G is sandwiched and mixed in the air A in each of the four burner ports 14 and 14 a, and a flame is generated at the outlet of the burner port 14. Further, the air to the ignition burner port 14a is supplied from the right air chamber 8 and is divided into a slit-like air nozzle ejection route and air from the branch post 15 from the right side surface, and is introduced into the ignition burner port. .

着火用バーナポート１４ａは、バーナタイル１２ａ（予混合領域を拡張する、燃焼室内に延設するバーナタイル）を燃焼室内に例えば、燃焼室炉壁内径まであるいは、バーナタイル先端部の長さを他のバーナタイル１２の３倍ほど延設して予混合領域を拡大し、可燃性ガスと空気との混合性を高める。着火用バーナポート１４ａだけを混合性を高めるのは、全体の混合性高めると、ガスカロリー上昇時に火炎全体が高温化してクリンカの発生を誘発したり、逆火現象により火炎全体が不安定になるのを避けるためである。 The ignition burner port 14a has a burner tile 12a (a burner tile that extends the premixing region and extends into the combustion chamber) in the combustion chamber, for example, up to the inner diameter of the combustion chamber furnace wall or the length of the tip of the burner tile. The pre-mixing area is expanded by extending about 3 times the burner tile 12 and the mixing property of combustible gas and air is enhanced. The reason why only the ignition burner port 14a is improved is that if the overall mixing property is increased, the temperature of the entire flame rises when the gas calorie rises, and the occurrence of clinker is induced, or the entire flame becomes unstable due to the flashback phenomenon. This is to avoid this.

着火用バーナポート１４ａの出口にはパイロットバーナ３１が設置され、着火用バーナポート１４ａはパイロットバーナ３１の火炎により確実に火炎が維持される。例えば、ガスカロリー低下時に他のバーナポート１４の出口では失火しても、パイロットバーナ３１によりこの着火用バーナポート１４ａには火炎が維持され、この火炎が他のバーナポート１４のガスの着火源となり、旋回混合する過程で燃焼バーナ全体の火炎を形成できる。パイロットバーナ３１はバーナ全体の火炎の着火でなく、着火用バーナポート１４ａのみを対象としているため、小さなバーナでよい。さらに、パイロットバーナ３１は、灯油、燃料油、燃料ガス等の一般（通常）燃料を使用するが、このパイロットバーナ３１の着火対象は着火用バーナポート１４ａのガスのみなので、大幅に燃料使用量を低減させることができるというメリットがある。 A pilot burner 31 is installed at the outlet of the ignition burner port 14 a, and the flame of the ignition burner port 14 a is reliably maintained by the flame of the pilot burner 31. For example, even if misfire occurs at the outlet of the other burner port 14 when the gas calorie is reduced, the flame is maintained in the ignition burner port 14a by the pilot burner 31, and this flame is the source of gas ignition in the other burner port 14. Thus, a flame of the entire combustion burner can be formed in the process of swirling and mixing. The pilot burner 31 does not ignite the flame of the entire burner, but only the ignition burner port 14a. Therefore, the pilot burner 31 may be a small burner. Further, the pilot burner 31 uses general (normal) fuels such as kerosene, fuel oil, and fuel gas. Since the pilot burner 31 is ignited only by the gas of the ignition burner port 14a, the amount of fuel used is greatly reduced. There is an advantage that it can be reduced.

本実施例の燃焼バーナの動作について説明する。 The operation of the combustion burner of this embodiment will be described.

燃焼空気ダクト４から導入された燃焼空気は、風箱２２に入った後整流板９の開口１０で分流されて上下左右の各空気室５〜８に導入される。上部空気室５および下部空気室６に導入された燃焼空気は分岐ポスト１５，１５ｃに入り込んで燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６から吐出し、右側空気室８に導入された燃焼空気は燃焼空気吐出ノズル１７から吐出し、左側空気室７に導入された燃焼空気は、燃焼空気吐出ノズル１７及び１６ａから吐出する。燃焼空気は可燃性ガス流路３の可燃性ガス吐出ノズル１８から吐出するので、可燃性ガスは燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６，１６ａ，１７から吐出する燃焼空気に挟まれるので、可燃性ガスと燃焼空気とが効率よく混合され、混合ガスはバーナポート１４，１４ａから燃焼室内に吹き込まれ、バーナ火炎Ｆを形成する。   The combustion air introduced from the combustion air duct 4 enters the wind box 22 and then is divided by the opening 10 of the rectifying plate 9 and introduced into the upper, lower, left and right air chambers 5 to 8. The combustion air introduced into the upper air chamber 5 and the lower air chamber 6 enters the branch posts 15 and 15 c and is discharged from the combustion air discharge nozzle 16. The combustion air introduced into the right air chamber 8 is discharged from the combustion air discharge nozzle 17. The combustion air discharged and introduced into the left air chamber 7 is discharged from the combustion air discharge nozzles 17 and 16a. Since the combustion air is discharged from the flammable gas discharge nozzle 18 of the flammable gas flow path 3, the flammable gas is sandwiched between the combustion air discharged from the combustion air discharge nozzles 16, 16 a, 17. Are mixed efficiently, and the mixed gas is blown into the combustion chamber from the burner ports 14 and 14a to form a burner flame F.

旋回流となったバーナ火炎Ｆに対しては、二次空気吹込口３２から二次空気が吹き付けられ、バーナ火炎の温度をダストが溶融しない温度に制御され、クリンカの発生が防止される。   Secondary air is blown from the secondary air blowing port 32 to the burner flame F that has become a swirling flow, and the temperature of the burner flame is controlled to a temperature at which dust does not melt, thereby preventing the generation of clinker.

着火用バーナポート１４ａでは拡張バーナタイル１２ａを延設して予混合領域を拡大しているので、可燃性ガスと空気との混合性が高められる。さらに、着火用バーナポート１４ａの出口にパイロットバーナ３１が設置されているので、ガスカロリー低下時でも着火用バーナポート１４ａのバーナ火炎Ｆが確実に維持され、着火されていない他のバーナポートの混合ガスＦ’の着火源となり燃焼バーナ全体の火炎を維持することが可能となる。 In the ignition burner port 14a, the expansion burner tile 12a is extended to expand the premixing area, so that the mixing property of the combustible gas and air is improved. Further, since the pilot burner 31 is installed at the outlet of the ignition burner port 14a, the burner flame F of the ignition burner port 14a is reliably maintained even when the gas calorie is lowered, and the other burner ports not ignited are mixed. It becomes possible to maintain the flame of the entire combustion burner as an ignition source of the gas F ′.

また、右側空気室８は空気室間仕切り板２９により上部空気室５及び下部空気室６と仕切られ、且つ着火用バーナポート１４ａの分岐ポスト１５ａ内はノズル仕切板１５ｂにより隣り合う燃焼空気吐出ノズル１６と仕切られているので、分岐ポスト１５ａ内の着火用バーナポート１４ａ側には右側空気室８のみから供給されることになり、さらに供給する燃料空気量は調節ダンパ３０により調節可能となる。 The right air chamber 8 is partitioned from the upper air chamber 5 and the lower air chamber 6 by an air chamber partition plate 29, and the combustion air discharge nozzles 16 adjacent to each other in the branch post 15a of the ignition burner port 14a by a nozzle partition plate 15b. Therefore, the ignition burner port 14a side in the branch post 15a is supplied only from the right air chamber 8, and the amount of fuel air to be supplied can be adjusted by the adjustment damper 30.

また、可燃性ガス流路の周囲は燃焼空気が通過する風箱や上下左右の空気室で囲まれているため常に冷却されており、この結果、高温の可燃性ガスが可燃性ガス流路を通過してもポートに特別の耐火構造を必要とせず、燃焼バーナ全体をメタリックで形成できる。 In addition, the surroundings of the combustible gas flow path are always cooled because they are surrounded by a wind box through which combustion air passes and upper, lower, left and right air chambers. As a result, high-temperature combustible gas flows through the combustible gas flow path. Even if it passes, the port does not require a special fireproof structure, and the entire combustion burner can be formed of metallic.

１：燃焼バーナ ２：燃焼室
３：可燃性ガス流路 ４：燃焼空気ダクト
５：上部空気室 ６：下部空気室
７：左側空気室 ８：右側空気室
９：整流板 １０：開口
１２：中間部のバーナタイル
１２ａ：バーナタイル １２ｂ：ノズル仕切板
１３：周囲部のバーナタイル １４：バーナポート
１５〜１５ｃ：分岐ポスト １４ａ：着火用バーナポート
１６：燃焼空気吐出ノズル １７：燃焼空気吐出ノズル
１６ａ：燃焼空気吐出ノズル １８：可燃性ガス吐出ノズル
２０：可燃性ガスダクト ２１：燃焼空気ダクト
２２：風箱 ２３：バーナタイル
２４：混合ガス噴出口 ２５：ガス混合室
２６：整流板 ２７：通孔
２８：ガス縮小板 ２９：空気室間仕切り板
３０：空気調節ダンパ
３１：パイロットバーナ ３２：二次空気吹込口
３３：二次空気調節弁 ３４：一次空気調節弁
３５：燃焼ガス温度計 ３６：燃焼ガス温度調節計
Ａ：空気 Ｇ：可燃性ガス
Ｆ：バーナ火炎 Ｆ’：未着火混合ガス 1: Combustion burner 2: Combustion chamber 3: Combustible gas flow path 4: Combustion air duct 5: Upper air chamber 6: Lower air chamber 7: Left air chamber 8: Right air chamber 9: Current plate 10: Opening 12: Middle Burner tile 12a: Burner tile 12b: Nozzle partition plate 13: Peripheral burner tile 14: Burner ports 15-15c: Branch post 14a: Ignition burner port 16: Combustion air discharge nozzle 17: Combustion air discharge nozzle 16a: Combustion air discharge nozzle 18: Combustible gas discharge nozzle 20: Combustible gas duct 21: Combustion air duct 22: Wind box 23: Burner tile 24: Mixed gas outlet 25: Gas mixing chamber 26: Current plate 27: Through hole 28: Gas reduction plate 29: Air chamber partition plate 30: Air control damper 31: Pilot burner 32: Secondary air inlet 33: Secondary air control valve 34: One Air control valve 35: the combustion gas temperature gauge 36: combustion gas temperature controller A: Air G: combustible gas F: burner flame F ': Not ignited mixed gas

Claims (3)

廃棄物のガス化により発生する可燃性ガスと燃焼空気とを予混合領域で混合して燃焼させる廃棄物処理施設の燃焼室において、
燃焼室に燃焼バーナが水平に設けられるとともに、燃焼室の周方向に燃焼バーナと同じレベルに二次空気吹込口が間隔をおいて配置され、
可燃性ガスが導入される可燃性ガス流路の外周を取り囲む風箱を形成し、該風箱に取り込まれた燃焼空気は所定量の燃焼空気を分配する開口が設けられた整流板を介して上部空気室、下部空気室、左側空気室及び右側空気室に分配され、可燃性ガスとの予混合室に吐出させ、左側空気室の下流及び右側空気室の下流にスリット状の燃焼空気吐出ノズルが設けられ、
可燃性ガス流路の出口付近に可燃性ガス流路を複数の流路に分岐するための複数の分岐ポストが設けられ、該分岐ポストは上部空気室及び下部空気室から導入した燃焼空気を予混合室に吐出するスリット状の燃焼空気の吐出ノズルを有し、
分岐ポストの背面には、分岐ポストと間隔をおいてバーナタイルが分岐ポスト毎に配置され、該バーナタイル間に可燃性ガスと空気を混合する予混合領域としたバーナポートが複数形成され、このバーナポートのうち、一つのバーナポートがバーナタイルを延設して予混合領域を拡張した着火用バーナポートであることを特徴とする廃棄物処理施設の燃焼室。 In the combustion chamber of a waste treatment facility where flammable gas generated by gasification of waste and combustion air are mixed and burned in a premixing region,
A combustion burner is provided horizontally in the combustion chamber, and secondary air inlets are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber at the same level as the combustion burner,
A wind box surrounding the outer periphery of the combustible gas flow path into which the combustible gas is introduced is formed, and the combustion air taken into the wind box passes through a rectifying plate provided with an opening for distributing a predetermined amount of combustion air. Distributed into upper air chamber, lower air chamber, left air chamber and right air chamber, discharged into premixing chamber with combustible gas, and slit-like combustion air discharge nozzle downstream of left air chamber and downstream of right air chamber Is provided,
A plurality of branch posts for branching the combustible gas flow path into a plurality of flow paths are provided in the vicinity of the outlet of the combustible gas flow path, and the branch posts presuppose combustion air introduced from the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber. It has a slit-like combustion air discharge nozzle that discharges into the mixing chamber,
On the back of the branch post, a burner tile is arranged for each branch post at a distance from the branch post, and a plurality of burner ports are formed between the burner tiles as a premixing region for mixing combustible gas and air. A combustion chamber of a waste treatment facility, wherein one of the burner ports is an ignition burner port in which a pre-mixing area is expanded by extending a burner tile. 燃焼バーナの火炎が円筒形燃焼室の接線方向に噴出して旋回流を形成するように燃焼バーナが設置され、最外周の着火用バーナポートへの空気量を他のバーナポートに対して独立して調整できるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の廃棄物処理施設の燃焼室。 The combustion burner is installed so that the flame of the combustion burner is ejected in the tangential direction of the cylindrical combustion chamber to form a swirling flow, and the amount of air to the outermost ignition burner port is independent of the other burner ports. The combustion chamber of the waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber is adjustable. 二次空気吹込口が燃焼バーナのバーナポートの高さに合わせて上下方向に複数段配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の廃棄物処理施設の燃焼室。 The combustion chamber of the waste treatment facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the secondary air inlets are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction in accordance with the height of the burner port of the combustion burner.
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CN113739145A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-03 郑州釜鼎热能技术有限公司 Efficient low-nitrogen burner with air and gas fully and uniformly mixed through grid gap channel

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CN113739145A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-03 郑州釜鼎热能技术有限公司 Efficient low-nitrogen burner with air and gas fully and uniformly mixed through grid gap channel

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