JP2011508664A - 別個の金属水素添加機能を有さないサワー環境用脱ロウ触媒 - Google Patents
別個の金属水素添加機能を有さないサワー環境用脱ロウ触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011508664A JP2011508664A JP2010540657A JP2010540657A JP2011508664A JP 2011508664 A JP2011508664 A JP 2011508664A JP 2010540657 A JP2010540657 A JP 2010540657A JP 2010540657 A JP2010540657 A JP 2010540657A JP 2011508664 A JP2011508664 A JP 2011508664A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 34
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- PYIHTIJNCRKDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-L trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;dichloride Chemical class [Cl-].[Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C PYIHTIJNCRKDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 diesel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XYUINKARGUCCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-imino-n-propylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCNCCC=N XYUINKARGUCCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008821 health effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001035 methylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYLUMIIRFKDCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-L trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GYLUMIIRFKDCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/703—MRE-type, e.g. ZSM-48
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/7046—MTT-type, e.g. ZSM-23, KZ-1, ISI-4 or EU-13
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7461—MRE-type, e.g. ZSM-48
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7492—MTT-type, e.g. ZSM-23, KZ-1, ISI-4 or EU-13
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/64—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/20—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements in the catalyst composition comprising the molecular sieve, but not specially in or on the molecular sieve itself
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- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/36—Steaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図2
Description
(n)SiO2:Al2O3
[式中、nは70〜110、好ましくは80〜100、より好ましくは85〜95である]の分子組成を有する。他の実施形態においては、nは、少なくとも70、または少なくとも80、または少なくとも85である。更に他の実施形態においては、nは、110以下、または100以下、または95以下である。更に他の実施形態においては、Siは、Geによって置換されてもよく、Alは、Ga、B、Fe、Ti、V、およびZrによって置換されてもよい。
SiO2:Al2O3=70〜110
H2O:SiO2=1〜500
OH−:SiO2=0.1〜0.3
OH−:SiO2(好ましいモル比)=0.14〜0.18
テンプレート:SiO2=0.01〜0.05
テンプレート:SiO2(好ましいモル比)=0.015〜0.025
ZSM−48(Si/Al2=180/1)65wt%およびアルミナ35wt%からなる押出し成形物を、890゜Fで3時間スチーミングした。処方前の結合剤の表面積は、少なくとも170m2/gであり、ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率は、50:100未満であった。スチーミングされた押出し成形物の試料を、白金テトラアンミン硝酸塩で初期湿潤含浸することによって、Pt0.6wt%を充填し、250゜Fで乾燥し、十分な空気中680゜Fで3時間焼成した。
ZSM−48(Si/Al2=90/1)65wt%およびアルミナ35wt%からなる押出し成形物を、890゜Fで3時間スチーミングした。処方前の結合剤の表面積は、少なくとも170m2/gであり、ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率は、50:100未満であった。スチーミングされた押出し成形物の試料を、白金テトラアンミン硝酸塩で初期湿潤含浸することによって、Pt0.6wt%を充填し、250゜Fで乾燥し、十分な空気中680゜Fで3時間焼成した。
ZSM−48(Si/Al2=90/1)65wt%およびチタニア35wt%からなる押出し成形物を、白金テトラアンミン硝酸塩で初期湿潤含浸することによって、Pt0.6wt%を充填し、250゜Fで乾燥し、十分な空気中680゜Fで3時間焼成した。ZSM−48/TiO2触媒の第二の押出し成形物もまた、Pt0.6wt%の添加なしに調製した。処方前のチタニア結合剤の表面積は、100m2/g未満であった。得られた触媒について、ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率は、少なくとも85:100であった。
ZSM−48(Si/Al2=70/1)65wt%およびチタニア35wt%からなる押出し成形物を、白金テトラアンミン硝酸塩で初期湿潤含浸することによって、Pt0.6wt%を充填し、250゜Fで乾燥し、十分な空気中680゜Fで3時間焼成した。ZSM−48/TiO2触媒の第二の押出し成形物もまた、Pt0.6wt%の添加なしに調製した。処方前のチタニア結合剤の表面積は、100m2/g未満であった。得られた触媒について、ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率は、少なくとも85:100であった。
ZSM−48(Si/Al2=90/1)65wt%およびシリカ35wt%からなる押出し成形物を、白金テトラアンミン硝酸塩で初期湿潤含浸することによって、Pt0.6wt%を充填し、250゜Fで乾燥し、十分な空気中680゜Fで3時間焼成した。ZSM−48/SiO2触媒の第二の押出し成形物もまた、Pt0.6wt%の添加なしに調製した。処方前のシリカ結合剤の表面積は、100m2/g未満であった。得られた触媒のゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率は、85:100超であった。
SiO2:Al2O3(90:1)65wt%/TiO235wt%からなる押出し成形物を、890゜Fで3時間スチーミングした。触媒を用いて、600N潤滑油原料材を、LHSV0.5、400psig、および5500SCF/B水素で処理した。原料材は、700゜F未満で沸騰する物質<1wt%を含んだ。全液体生成物を蒸留して、700℃−の炭化水素を除去した。700℃+の生成物を、流動点およびVIについて試験した。この活性試験からの結果を、図1および図2に四角形としてプロットする。収率:流動点を、図1におけるようにプロットする。流動点−5℃におけるVIは、96であると測定された。流動点−6℃を達成するのに必要とされる反応器の温度を、図2に、通油日数に対してプロットする。
Claims (18)
- 100以下のSiO2:Al2O3比を有し、ZSM−48、ZSM−23、EU−2、EU−11、ZBM−30またはそれらの組み合わせであるゼオライト、
0.05wt%以下の金属水素添加成分、および
100m2/g以下の表面積を有し、担持触媒を処方する前には粉体形態である金属酸化物結合剤
を含み、前記ゼオライトと前記金属酸化物結合剤が組み合わされて形成されることを特徴とする担持触媒。 - 100以下のSiO2:Al2O3比を有し、ZSM−48、ZSM−23、EU−2、EU−11、ZBM−30またはそれらの組み合わせであるゼオライト、
0.05wt%以下の金属水素添加成分、および
金属酸化物結合剤
を含み、ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率が少なくとも80:100であることを特徴とする担持触媒。 - 前記ゼオライトは、ZSM−48であることを特徴とする請求項1、2または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記SiO2:Al2O3比は、80以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記SiO2:Al2O3比は、75以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記SiO2:Al2O3比は、60以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 粉末形態の前記金属酸化物結合剤は、80m2/g以下の表面積を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記金属酸化物結合剤は、60m2/g以下の表面積を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率が、少なくとも90:100であることを特徴とする請求項1〜8または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率が、少なくとも1:1であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- ゼオライト表面積/外部表面積の比率が、少なくとも105:100であることを特徴とする請求項1〜10または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記結合剤は、シリカ、アルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニアまたはシリカ−アルミナであることを特徴とする請求項1〜11または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記結合剤は、第一の金属酸化物と異なる第二の金属酸化物を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜12または請求項18のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 触媒中の前記第二の金属酸化物の重量パーセントは、前記第一の金属酸化物の重量パーセントより低く、粉末形態の前記第一の金属酸化物は、80m2/g以下の表面積を有することを特徴とする請求項13に記載の担持触媒。
- 前記第二の金属酸化物は、シリカ、アルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニアまたはシリカ−アルミナであることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の担持触媒。
- 前記金属水素添加成分は、第VIII族貴金属であることを特徴とする請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 前記金属水素添加成分は、Pt、Pdまたはそれらの組み合わせであることを特徴とする請求項1〜16のいずれかに記載の担持触媒。
- 100以下のSiO2:Al2O3比を有し、ZSM−48、ZSM−23、EU−2、EU−11、ZBM−30、またはそれらの組み合わせであるゼオライト、および
金属酸化物結合剤
から実質的になることを特徴とする担持触媒。
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WO2014158675A1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Production of low cloud point distillate fuels |
US10053639B2 (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2018-08-21 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Production of low cloud point diesel fuels and low freeze point jet fuels |
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KR102416085B1 (ko) * | 2014-05-21 | 2022-07-05 | 셰브런 유.에스.에이.인크. | 분자체 ssz-95 |
US20150336091A1 (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2015-11-26 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Molecular sieve ssz-95 |
KR20190092432A (ko) | 2016-12-16 | 2019-08-07 | 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. | 탈랍을 위한 촉매 시스템 |
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