JP2011226166A - Bearing wall structure of wooden framework building - Google Patents

Bearing wall structure of wooden framework building Download PDF

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JP2011226166A
JP2011226166A JP2010097351A JP2010097351A JP2011226166A JP 2011226166 A JP2011226166 A JP 2011226166A JP 2010097351 A JP2010097351 A JP 2010097351A JP 2010097351 A JP2010097351 A JP 2010097351A JP 2011226166 A JP2011226166 A JP 2011226166A
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bearing wall
frame
load
lower horizontal
horizontal member
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JP5159821B2 (en
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Eijiro Miyata
英二郎 宮田
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Daito Trust Construction Co Ltd
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Daito Trust Construction Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing wall structure of a column-exposed wall method, improving workability on the site.SOLUTION: A bearing wall panel 2 is fixed to a rectangular framework opening 6 surrounded by a lower horizontal member 3, columns 4, 4, and an upper horizontal member 5. The bearing wall panel 2 is made by bonding a face material 16 to a rectangular body 15 formed in a rectangular shape by a lower frame member 11, an upper frame member, and vertical frame members 13, 13 and having a center frame member 14. On an upper surface of the lower horizontal member 3, an end edge portion of a floor plywood 7 is nailed and fixed. The bearing wall panel 2 is fitted in the framework opening 6 so as to be placed on the end edge portion of the floor plywood 7, and frame members 11, 12, 13 of the rectangular frame body 15 are respectively joined to framework members 3, 5, 4 by nailing from a frame member inner surface side. The lower frame member 11 is nailed on the lower horizontal member 3 through the floor plywood 7. On-site work is greatly reduced, and workability is improved. The end edge portion of the floor plywood 7 is fixed on the lower horizontal member, so that a structure of a floor framing is simplified, and workability is improved.

Description

この発明は、木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame building.

木造軸組構法により建築される木造軸組建築物において、構造用合板による面材を使用して耐力壁を構成することが一般的に行われている。
その場合で大壁構造とする場合は、図１３（イ）に示すように、間柱２１の上下端を梁２２及び土台２３に斜め釘打ちにより結合し、次いで構造用合板からなる面材２４を土台２３、左右の柱２５、梁材２２及び間柱２１に釘打ちして貼り付ける構造が一般的である。同図において、２６は床合板、２７は床合板を受ける根太、２８は根太２７を受ける根太受である。根太受２８は図示のように土台２３の内側面に釘打ちあるいは金物などで接合される。床合板２６は通常、柱あるいは間柱との干渉を避けるために、図示の通り土台２３の上面には載せない。
また、真壁構造とする場合は、図１３（ロ）に示すように、間柱２１の上下端を前記と同様に梁２２及び土台２３に斜め釘打ちにより結合した後、左右の柱２５、土台２３及び梁２２にそれぞれ枠材２９を釘止めし、次いで面材３０を各枠材２９に釘止めする。床合板２６、根太２７、根太受２８は図１３（イ）と同様である。
上記の通り、木造軸組建築物における従来の耐力壁では、床合板は通常、土台２３の上面に載らない根太２７に載せて、すなわち土台２３の上面に載らない態様で設置される。 In a wooden framework building constructed by a wooden framework construction method, a bearing wall is generally configured by using a face material made of structural plywood.
In this case, in the case of a large wall structure, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), the upper and lower ends of the inter-column 21 are joined to the beam 22 and the base 23 by diagonal nailing, and then a face material 24 made of a structural plywood is attached. A structure in which the base 23, the left and right pillars 25, the beam members 22 and the intermediate pillars 21 are nailed and attached is common. In the figure, 26 is a floor plywood, 27 is a joist receiving a floor plywood, and 28 is a joist receiving a joist 27. The joist supports 28 are joined to the inner surface of the base 23 by nailing or hardware as shown in the figure. The floor plywood 26 is not usually placed on the upper surface of the base 23 as shown in the figure in order to avoid interference with the pillars or the studs.
In the case of a true wall structure, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the upper and lower ends of the inter-columns 21 are coupled to the beams 22 and the base 23 by diagonal nailing as described above, and then the left and right columns 25 and the base 23 are connected. The frame member 29 is nailed to the beam 22 and then the face member 30 is nailed to each frame member 29. The floor plywood 26, the joists 27, and the joists 28 are the same as in FIG.
As described above, in a conventional load-bearing wall in a wooden framed building, the floor plywood is usually placed on the joists 27 that do not rest on the top surface of the base 23, that is, in a manner that does not rest on the top surface of the base 23.

ところで、真壁構造の耐力壁を構成する場合に、下枠材と上枠材と左右の縦枠材とで構成した矩形枠体に構造用合板により面材を貼り付けた耐力壁パネルを工場で製造し、この耐力壁パネルを建築現場に持ち込み、土台と左右の柱と梁とで形成される矩形状の軸組開口に嵌め込んで耐力壁を構成することが行われている（特許文献１、２、３など）。この場合、間柱も耐力壁パネルの枠体に組み込むこともある（特許文献２、３など）。
しかし、耐力壁パネルを軸組開口に嵌め込むこの構法の場合でも、耐力壁パネルはその矩形枠体の外周面の全体が矩形状の軸組開口の内側面に直接接触する態様で、軸組開口に嵌め込んでいる。したがって、床合板は、土台の上面に載らない態様で設置されている。 By the way, when constructing a load-bearing wall with a true wall structure, a load-bearing wall panel in which a face material is bonded to a rectangular frame composed of a lower frame material, an upper frame material, and left and right vertical frame materials with a structural plywood at the factory. Manufacturing and bringing this load-bearing wall panel into a construction site and fitting it into a rectangular shaft opening formed by a base, left and right columns, and beams constitutes a load-bearing wall (Patent Document 1). 2, 3, etc.). In this case, the studs may also be incorporated in the frame of the load-bearing wall panel (Patent Documents 2, 3, etc.).
However, even in the case of this construction method in which the load bearing wall panel is fitted into the shaft assembly opening, the entire outer peripheral surface of the rectangular frame body is in direct contact with the inner surface of the rectangular shaft assembly opening. It fits in the opening. Therefore, the floor plywood is installed in a manner that does not rest on the top surface of the base.

特開２００８−２４０３８６（図５参照）JP 2008-240386 (see FIG. 5) 特開平８−３０２８６１（図１〜図４参照）JP-A-8-302861 (see FIGS. 1 to 4) 実用新案登録第３０２５０６９号Utility model registration No. 3025069

建築工事の施工性を向上させるために、建築要素を工場生産可能にすることは極めて有効であり、種々の建築要素について行われている。木造軸組建築物における耐力壁についても同様であるが、図１３（イ）に示した大壁構造の耐力壁構造はもともと工場生産するには適していない。
工場生産可能にするためには真壁構造とするのが適切であるが、図１３（ロ）のような耐力壁構造では、現場で枠材２９を軸組開口に取り付けてその枠材２９に面材３０を釘止めするという現場施工が主なので、施工性向上とはなっていない。 In order to improve the workability of building work, it is extremely effective to enable building elements to be produced in a factory, and various building elements are used. The same applies to the load-bearing wall in a wooden framed building, but the load-bearing wall structure of the large wall structure shown in FIG. 13 (a) is originally not suitable for factory production.
In order to enable factory production, a true wall structure is appropriate. However, in a load-bearing wall structure as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the frame material 29 is attached to the shaft assembly opening at the site to face the frame material 29. Since construction is mainly performed by nailing the material 30, the workability is not improved.

特許文献１〜３に示した耐力壁パネルを用いる構造は、工場生産された耐力壁パネルを建築施工現場に持ち込んで耐力壁を構成できるので、施工性は向上する。
しかし、耐力壁パネルを用いるこれら従来の耐力壁構造の施工性を一層向上させることが望まれる。
本発明は上記背景のもとになされたもので、工場生産可能な耐力壁パネルを用いて耐力壁構造を施工する場合の現場施工の施工性を大きく向上させることが可能な木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造を提供することを目的とする。 Since the structure using the load-bearing wall panel shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 can be constructed by bringing the load-bearing wall panel produced in the factory into the construction site, the workability is improved.
However, it is desired to further improve the workability of these conventional load-bearing wall structures using load-bearing wall panels.
The present invention was made based on the above background, and is a wooden framed building that can greatly improve the workability of on-site construction when a load bearing wall structure is constructed using a load bearing wall panel that can be produced in a factory. An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing wall structure.

上記課題を解決する請求項１の発明は、下部横架材とこの下部横架材に間隔をあけて立てた左右の柱と柱上部で柱間に横架させた上部横架材とで囲まれる矩形状の軸組開口に真壁方式の耐力壁パネルを取り付けてなる木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造であって、
前記耐力壁パネルは、下枠材と上枠材と左右の縦枠材とで矩形状をなすとともに左右の縦枠材間に縦枠材と平行な1本又は複数本の中枠材を設けた矩形枠体の少なくとも片側面に矩形状の構造用合板からなる面材を釘打ちして貼り付けた構造であり、下部横架材の上面に構造用合板からなる床合板の端縁部を載せ釘打ちして固定し、前記耐力壁パネルを、下部横架材に固定した前記床合板の端縁部に載る態様で前記矩形状の軸組開口に嵌め込み、前記矩形枠体の上枠材及び左右の縦枠材をそれぞれ上部横架材及び左右の柱に枠材内面側から釘打ちして接合し、かつ、下枠材を前記床合板を介して下部横架材に枠材内面側から釘打ちして接合したことを特徴とする。 The invention of claim 1 which solves the above problem is surrounded by a lower horizontal member, left and right columns spaced apart from the lower horizontal member, and an upper horizontal member horizontally mounted between the columns at the upper part of the column. It is a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame building in which a true wall type load-bearing wall panel is attached to a rectangular shaft set opening,
The load-bearing wall panel has a rectangular shape composed of a lower frame material, an upper frame material, and left and right vertical frame materials, and one or a plurality of middle frame materials parallel to the vertical frame material are provided between the left and right vertical frame materials. The rectangular frame is made by nailing and pasting a face material made of a rectangular structural plywood on at least one side of the rectangular frame, and the edge of the floor plywood made of the structural plywood is attached to the upper surface of the lower horizontal member. An upper frame material of the rectangular frame body is fixed by mounting and nailing, and the load-bearing wall panel is fitted into the rectangular shaft opening in such a manner that the load-bearing wall panel is placed on an edge of the floor plywood fixed to the lower horizontal member. And the left and right vertical frame members are bonded to the upper horizontal member and the left and right columns by nailing from the inner surface side of the frame material, and the lower frame material is joined to the lower horizontal material via the floor plywood. It is characterized by being nailed from and joined.

請求項２は、請求項１の耐力壁構造において、耐力壁パネルの矩形枠体の内面に、軸組材に対して釘打ちすべき位置を示すマーキングを施したことを特徴とする。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the load-bearing wall structure according to the first aspect, the inner surface of the rectangular frame of the load-bearing wall panel is marked to indicate a position to be nailed with respect to the shaft assembly.

請求項３は、請求項１又は２の耐力壁構造において、耐力壁パネルを軸組開口に取り付ける際に、矩形枠体の耐力壁パネルの矩形枠体の上枠材及び下枠材は幅方向中央位置にて１列をなす位置に釘打ちし、左右の縦枠材は幅方向中央位置の両側で千鳥状の２列をなす位置に釘打ちしたことを特徴とする。   In the bearing wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, when the bearing wall panel is attached to the shaft assembly opening, the upper frame member and the lower frame member of the rectangular frame of the bearing wall panel of the rectangular frame are in the width direction. It is characterized in that nails are nailed to positions that form one row at the center position, and the left and right vertical frame members are nailed to positions that form two staggered rows on both sides of the center position in the width direction.

請求項４は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の耐力壁構造において、当該木造軸組建築物が、間隔をあけた互いに平行な２つの下部横架材間に横架接合された、最小柱間隔と同間隔の複数の第２下部横架材を備えており、各第２下部横架材の上面高さ位置は前記下部横架材の上面高さ位置と同じであり、床合板が前記第２下部横架材と床合板端縁部を受ける前記下部横架材とのみで支持されていることを特徴とする。   Claim 4 is the load-bearing wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wooden frame building is horizontally joined between two parallel lower horizontal members spaced apart from each other. A plurality of second lower horizontal members having the same interval as the minimum column interval are provided, and the upper surface height position of each second lower horizontal member is the same as the upper surface height position of the lower horizontal member. Is supported only by the second lower horizontal member and the lower horizontal member that receives the edge of the floor plywood.

本発明の耐力壁構造によれば、工場で製造した耐力壁パネルを建築現場に持ち込んで施工するので、現場で枠材を軸組材に釘打ちして取り付けた上で面材を枠材に釘打ちして取り付けるという従来構造と比べて、現場施工が大幅に少なく済み、施工性が向上する。
また、耐力壁パネルには、間柱の機能を果たす中枠材が既に設けられているので、従来構造のように間柱を上下の横架材に斜め釘打ちで接合するという煩雑な作業が不要であり、この点でも施工性が向上する。 According to the load-bearing wall structure of the present invention, since the load-bearing wall panel manufactured at the factory is brought into the construction site and installed, the frame material is nailed and attached to the frame assembly on the site, and then the face material is used as the frame material. Compared to the conventional structure of nailing and mounting, on-site construction is significantly reduced and workability is improved.
In addition, since the inner wall material that performs the function of the studs is already provided on the load-bearing wall panel, the complicated work of joining the studs to the upper and lower horizontal members by diagonal nailing is not required as in the conventional structure. Yes, workability is also improved in this respect.

軸組開口に組み込んだ耐力壁パネルは、周囲の枠材（縦枠材及び上下枠材）を内側から軸組材に釘打ちすることで軸組材に接合することができるが、枠材の内側からの釘打ち作業は斜め釘打ち作業と比べて容易なので、作業性が良好であり、また熟練をあまり必要としない。
耐力壁パネルの周囲の枠材を内側から釘打ちできるので、請求項２のように矩形枠体の内面に軸組材に対して釘打ちすべき位置を示すマーキングを施すことで、作業者はそのマーキングを目印にして釘打ちするだけで、所定の位置に精度よく釘打ちすることができ、作業が楽でありしかも作業性が向上する。また、安定した良好な施工品質を確保できる。 The load-bearing wall panel incorporated in the shaft assembly opening can be joined to the shaft assembly material by nailing the surrounding frame materials (vertical frame material and upper and lower frame materials) from the inside to the shaft assembly material. The nailing operation from the inside is easier than the diagonal nailing operation, so the workability is good and less skill is required.
Since the frame material around the load-bearing wall panel can be nailed from the inside, by marking on the inner surface of the rectangular frame body indicating the position to be nailed with respect to the shaft assembly as in claim 2, the operator can By simply nailing with the marking as a mark, it is possible to nail to a predetermined position with high accuracy, and the work is easy and the workability is improved. In addition, stable and good construction quality can be ensured.

また、床合板の端縁部が下部横架材（１階では土台）上に固定されているので、床組の構造が単純化され、施工性が向上する。
特に、十分な厚さの床合板を用いると、請求項４のように、上面高さ位置を下部横架材（１階では土台）と同じにした第２下部横架材（１階では大引）を下部横架材間に横架接合するだけで、耐力床を構成することができ、床組構造が著しく簡略化される。 Moreover, since the edge part of a floor plywood is being fixed on the lower horizontal member (base on the first floor), the structure of a floor assembly is simplified and workability improves.
In particular, when a floor plywood having a sufficient thickness is used, the second lower horizontal member (the first floor is large on the first floor) having the same height as the lower horizontal member (base on the first floor) as in claim 4. The load-bearing floor can be constructed simply by laterally joining the lower horizontal members between the lower horizontal members, and the floor assembly structure is greatly simplified.

本発明の木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造の一実施例を示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁構造の正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＡ−Ａ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。One Example of the load-bearing wall structure in the wooden frame building of this invention is shown, (A) is a front view of a load-bearing wall structure, (B) is AA sectional drawing of (B), (C) is. It is BB sectional drawing of (a). 図１における耐力壁パネルを示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁パネルの正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＣ−Ｃ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。FIG. 1 shows the load-bearing wall panel in FIG. 1, (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of (A). is there. 上記耐力壁パネルを軸組開口に組み込む際に、耐力壁パネルの枠材の内側面に釘打ち位置（×印）をマーキングすることを説明する図である（図では隠れて見えない箇所のマーキングも実線で示している）。It is a figure explaining marking a nailing position (x mark) on the inner surface of the frame of the load bearing wall panel when the load bearing wall panel is incorporated in the shaft assembly opening (marking of a portion that is hidden and cannot be seen in the figure) Is also shown by a solid line). 上記の耐力壁パネルを軸組開口に嵌め込む要領を説明する図であり、（イ）は嵌め込む前、（ロ）は嵌め込んだ状態を示す。It is a figure explaining the point which fits the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel in a shaft assembly opening, (i) before fitting, (b) shows the state fitted. 図４の（イ）、（ロ）を斜視図で示したもので、（イ）は嵌め込む前、（ロ）は嵌め込んだ状態を示す。FIGS. 4A and 4B are perspective views, where FIG. 4A shows a state before fitting, and FIG. 4B shows a fitted state. 軸組開口に嵌め込んだ上記耐力壁パネルを軸組材に接合する接合要領を説明する図であり、図１（ロ）のＥ部分の詳細図（土台、床合板、下枠材の収まり）である。It is a figure explaining the joining point which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of E part of FIG. 1 (b) (containment of base, floor plywood, lower frame material) It is. 軸組開口に嵌め込んだ上記耐力壁パネルを軸組材に接合する接合要領を説明する図であり、図１（イ）のＦ部分の詳細図（土台、床合板、下枠材の収まり）である。It is a figure explaining the joining procedure which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of F part of Fig. 1 (a) (containment of base, floor plywood, lower frame material) It is. 軸組開口に嵌め込んだ上記耐力壁パネルを軸組材に接合する接合要領を説明する図であり、図１（ロ）のＧ部分の詳細図（上部横架材、上枠材の収まり）である。It is a figure explaining the joining point which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of G portion in FIG. It is. 軸組開口に嵌め込んだ上記耐力壁パネルを軸組材に接合する接合要領を説明する図であり、図１（イ）のＨ部分の詳細図（上部横架材、上枠材の収まり）である。It is a figure explaining the joining point which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of H portion in FIG. 1 (a) (contains upper horizontal member and upper frame member) It is. 本発明の木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造の他の実施例（柱間隔が図１の２倍の場合）を示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁構造の正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＩ−Ｉ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＪ−Ｊ断面図である。The other example (when a pillar space | interval is 2 times of FIG. 1) in the wooden frame building of this invention is shown, (A) is a front view of a bearing wall structure, (B) is ( (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line JJ of (a). 図１０における耐力壁パネルを示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁パネルの正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＫ−Ｋ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＬ−Ｌ断面図である。FIG. 10 shows the load-bearing wall panel in FIG. 10, (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line KK in (B), and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line LL in (B). is there. 上記耐力壁構造を備えた木造軸組建築物の床構造を説明する図であり、（イ）は耐力壁パネルを組み込む前の床構造を示す要部の斜視図、（ロ）は（イ）のＭ−Ｍ断面図である。It is a figure explaining the floor structure of the wooden frame building provided with the said load-bearing wall structure, (A) is a perspective view of the principal part which shows the floor structure before incorporating a load-bearing wall panel, (B) is (B) It is MM sectional drawing of. 従来の耐力壁構造を示すもので、（イ）は大壁方式の耐力壁構造（右側は正面図、左側は縦断面図）、（イ）は真壁方式の耐力壁構造（右側は正面図、左側は縦断面図）である。Fig. 2 shows a conventional bearing wall structure. (A) is a large wall type bearing wall structure (right side is front view, left side is vertical section), (A) is true wall type bearing wall structure (right side is front view, The left side is a longitudinal sectional view).

以下、本発明を実施した木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造について、図面を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, the bearing wall structure in the wooden frame building which implemented this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

図１は本発明の木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造の一実施例を示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁構造１の正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＡ−Ａ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。図２は図１における耐力壁パネルを示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁パネル２の正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＣ−Ｃ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。
この耐力壁構造１は、基本構造としては、土台又は胴差などの下部横架材３と、この下部横架材３に間隔をあけて立てた左右の柱４と、柱上部で柱間に横架させた梁や桁などの上部横架材５とで囲まれる矩形状の軸組開口６に真壁方式の耐力壁パネル２を取り付けた構造であるが、その際、下部横架材３に床合板７の端縁部を固定した状態で、耐力壁パネル２を軸組開口６に嵌め込み接合した構造である。
なお、図１では柱間隔が例えば９１０ｍｍである２つの軸組開口６にそれぞれ耐力壁パネル２を取り付けた状態の耐力壁構造を示している。 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame building of the present invention, where (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall structure 1, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in (B). (C) is a BB sectional view of (A). FIG. 2 shows the load-bearing wall panel in FIG. 1. (a) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel 2, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of (b), and (c) is a line D- of (b). It is D sectional drawing.
This bearing wall structure 1 is basically composed of a lower horizontal member 3 such as a base or a trunk difference, left and right columns 4 spaced from the lower horizontal member 3, and an upper column between the columns. The structure is such that a true-wall type load bearing wall panel 2 is attached to a rectangular shaft opening 6 surrounded by an upper horizontal member 5 such as a beam or a girder that is horizontally mounted. This is a structure in which the load-bearing wall panel 2 is fitted and joined to the shaft assembly opening 6 in a state where the end edge portion of the floor plywood 7 is fixed.
FIG. 1 shows a load bearing wall structure in which the load bearing wall panel 2 is attached to each of two shaft assembly openings 6 having a column interval of, for example, 910 mm.

前記耐力壁パネル２は、下枠材１１と上枠材１２と左右の縦枠材１３、１３とで矩形状をなすとともに、左右の縦枠材１３、１３の中間に縦枠材１３と平行な中枠材１４を設けた矩形枠体１５を備え、この矩形枠体１５の片側面に同じサイズの矩形状の構造用合板からなる面材１６を釘打ちして貼り付けた構造である。
この耐力壁パネル２は工場生産するが、左右の縦枠材１３、１３及び中間の中枠材１４の下端面を下枠材１１の両端部及び中間部に突き当て、釘打ちして接合（図６、図７参照）し、かつ、左右の縦枠材１３、１３及び中間の中枠材１４の上端面を上枠材１２の両端部及び中間部に突き当て、釘打ちして接合（図８、図９参照）して、矩形枠体１５を構成し、この矩形枠体１５の片側面に、前記の通り面材１６を釘打ちして貼り付けて、耐力壁パネル２を構成する。なお、図６〜図９は部材と部材との釘打ちによる接合部を説明するための図であって、１箇所の断面ではなく複数の断面を併せて図示している。 The load-bearing wall panel 2 forms a rectangular shape with the lower frame member 11, the upper frame member 12, and the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13, and is parallel to the vertical frame member 13 between the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13. A rectangular frame 15 provided with an intermediate frame member 14 is provided, and a face material 16 made of a rectangular structural plywood having the same size is nailed and attached to one side surface of the rectangular frame 15.
This load-bearing wall panel 2 is manufactured at the factory, but the lower end surfaces of the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13 and the intermediate middle frame member 14 are abutted against both end portions and the intermediate portion of the lower frame member 11, and are nailed and joined ( 6 and 7), and the upper end surfaces of the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13 and the intermediate middle frame member 14 are abutted against both end portions and the intermediate portion of the upper frame member 12, and are joined by nailing (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7). 8 and FIG. 9), a rectangular frame 15 is formed, and the face material 16 is nailed and pasted on one side of the rectangular frame 15 to form the load-bearing wall panel 2. . 6-9 is a figure for demonstrating the junction part by the nail driving | running | working of a member and a member, and has shown not only one cross section but several cross sections.

実施例の各枠材１１、１２、１３、１４のサイズは、厚さは例えば３０ｍｍ、幅は柱４の断面寸法により異なり、実施例では、両面に面材を貼り付けることもできるように、柱４の厚み寸法より面材１６の厚さの２倍分だけ小さくしている（但し、両面に面材を貼り付けることをしない場合は、面材１６の厚さの分だけ小さくする）。
面材１６に用いた構造用合板は厚み１２ｍｍの高強度インシュレーションボードである。但し、必要に応じて、異なる厚さ及び他の種類の木質ボードを用いることができる。
この耐力壁パネル２の外形寸法（すなわち、矩形枠体１６の外形寸法）は、下部横架材（正確には床合板７の端縁部を載せた下部横架材）３と左右の柱４と上部横架材５とで囲まれた空間である軸組開口６に嵌め込まる外形寸法である。 As for the size of each frame material 11, 12, 13, 14 of the embodiment, the thickness is, for example, 30 mm, the width varies depending on the cross-sectional dimension of the pillar 4, and in the embodiment, a face material can be attached to both sides, The thickness is made smaller than the thickness of the pillar 4 by twice the thickness of the face material 16 (however, when the face material is not attached to both sides, it is made smaller by the thickness of the face material 16).
The structural plywood used for the face material 16 is a high-strength insulation board having a thickness of 12 mm. However, different thicknesses and other types of wood boards can be used as required.
The outer dimensions of the load-bearing wall panel 2 (that is, the outer dimensions of the rectangular frame 16) are the lower horizontal member (more precisely, the lower horizontal member on which the edge of the floor plywood 7 is placed) 3 and the left and right columns 4. And the outer dimensions of the shaft assembly opening 6 that is a space surrounded by the upper horizontal member 5.

この耐力壁パネル２の矩形枠体１５の内面に、図３に示すように、軸組開口に取り付ける際に軸組材（下部横架材３、柱４、上部横架材５）に対して釘打ちすべき位置を示すマーキング（×印で示す）を施しておく。
各枠材１１、１２、１３、１４にマーキングを施すのは、耐力壁パネル２を組み立てた後でもよいし、面材１６を貼り付ける前の矩形枠体１５のみの段階でもよいし、また、接合されていない軸組材の段階でもよい。なお、図３では隠れて見えない箇所のマーキングも実線で示している。なお、マーキングの具体的なマーク自体は、図示の通りの×印に限らず、○印、△印、その他任意である。 As shown in FIG. 3, on the inner surface of the rectangular frame 15 of the load-bearing wall panel 2, when attached to the shaft assembly opening, the shaft assembly material (lower horizontal member 3, column 4, upper horizontal member 5). Marking (indicated by a cross) indicating the position to be nailed is performed.
Marking each frame member 11, 12, 13, 14 may be performed after the load bearing wall panel 2 is assembled, or may be at the stage of only the rectangular frame 15 before the face member 16 is attached, It may be in the stage of a shaft assembly that is not joined. In FIG. 3, markings that are hidden and cannot be seen are also indicated by solid lines. In addition, the specific mark itself of marking is not restricted to x mark as shown in figure, (circle) mark, (triangle | delta) mark, and other arbitrary.

上記の耐力壁パネル２を軸組開口６に嵌め込む前に、図１２（イ）、（ロ）に示すように床合板７を施工する。この床合板７は厚さ２４〜２８ｍｍ等の厚い構造用合板である。
この床合板７は、間隔をあけた互いに平行な２つの下部横架材間（１階では土台）３、３に横架接合された、上面高さ位置が下部横架材３と同じである第２下部横架材（１階では大引）８上に配置され、床合板７の端縁部は柱４をかわすための切欠き７ａを設けて、下部横架材３上に載せ、そして、釘打ちして固定する（図６、図７参照）。第２下部横架材８の間隔ｐは、この実施例では、当該木造軸組建築物における最小の柱間隔ｐすなわち９１０ｍｍ間隔としている。但し、これに限定されない。９１０ｍｍ以下とすることができる。なお、上記の通り、一般的な木造軸組構造で用いられる根太は用いていない。
第２下部横架材８と下部横架材３との接合手段は、例えば金物による接合、突きつけて斜め釘打ちする接合、加工した仕口による接合など、適宜の手段を採用できる。このように、床合板７は第２下部横架材８と床合板端縁部を受ける下部横架材３とのみで支持されている。
上記の通り、床合板７の端縁部が下部横架材上に固定されているので、床組の構造が単純化され、施工性が向上する。
特に、十分な厚さの床合板を用いることで、実施例のように、上面高さ位置を下部横架材（１階では土台）と同じにした第２下部横架材（１階では大引）を下部横架材間に横架接合するだけで、耐力床を構成することができ、床組構造が著しく簡略化される。 Before fitting the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel 2 into the shaft assembly opening 6, the floor plywood 7 is constructed as shown in FIGS. The floor plywood 7 is a thick structural plywood having a thickness of 24 to 28 mm.
The floor plywood 7 is horizontally joined to two lower horizontal members (bases on the first floor) 3 and 3 which are parallel to each other at a distance, and the upper surface height position is the same as that of the lower horizontal member 3. Arranged on the second lower horizontal member (large pull on the first floor) 8, the edge of the floor plywood 7 is provided with a notch 7 a for dodging the pillar 4, and placed on the lower horizontal member 3; Then, fix it by nailing (see FIGS. 6 and 7). In this embodiment, the interval p between the second lower horizontal members 8 is set to the minimum column interval p in the wooden frame building, that is, the interval of 910 mm. However, it is not limited to this. It can be 910 mm or less. As described above, joists used in a general wooden frame structure are not used.
As the means for joining the second lower horizontal member 8 and the lower horizontal member 3, any appropriate means such as, for example, joining by a hardware, joining by striking and slanting, and joining by a processed joint can be adopted. Thus, the floor plywood 7 is supported only by the second lower horizontal member 8 and the lower horizontal member 3 that receives the edge of the floor plywood.
As described above, since the edge portion of the floor plywood 7 is fixed on the lower horizontal member, the structure of the floor assembly is simplified and the workability is improved.
In particular, by using a floor plywood with sufficient thickness, as in the example, the second lower horizontal member (large on the first floor) whose upper surface height position is the same as the lower horizontal member (base on the first floor). The load-bearing floor can be constructed simply by laterally joining the lower horizontal members between the lower horizontal members, and the floor assembly structure is greatly simplified.

次いで、耐力壁パネル２を、図４（イ）、（ロ）のように（また、斜視図で示した図５（イ）、（ロ）のように）、床合板７の端縁部を載せた下部横架材３と左右の柱４と上部横架材５とで囲まれた空間である軸組開口６に嵌め込む。
次いで、耐力壁パネル２の矩形枠体１５の周囲の枠材１１、１２、１３を軸組材３、５、４にそれぞれ各枠材１１、１２、１３の内側から釘打ちして接合する。すなわち、下枠材１１を床合板７を介して下部横架材３に釘打ちして接合（図６、図７）し、上枠材１２を内側から上部横架材５に釘打ちして接合（図８、図９参照）し、縦枠材１３を内側から柱４に釘打ちして接合（図７、図９参照）する。
上記の釘打ち作業は枠材１１、１２、１３の内側から（矩形枠の内側から）の釘打ち作業であるが、枠材の内側からの釘打ち作業は斜め釘打ち作業と比べて容易なので、作業性が良好であり、また熟練をあまり必要としない。 Next, the load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the edge of the floor plywood 7 as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) (as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B)). It is fitted into a shaft assembly opening 6 which is a space surrounded by the lower horizontal member 3, the left and right columns 4 and the upper horizontal member 5.
Next, the frame members 11, 12, 13 around the rectangular frame 15 of the load bearing wall panel 2 are nailed and joined to the shaft assembly members 3, 5, 4 from the inside of the frame members 11, 12, 13, respectively. That is, the lower frame member 11 is nailed and joined to the lower horizontal member 3 via the floor plywood 7 (FIGS. 6 and 7), and the upper frame member 12 is nailed to the upper horizontal member 5 from the inside. Bonding is performed (see FIGS. 8 and 9), and the vertical frame member 13 is nailed to the pillar 4 from the inside to be bonded (see FIGS. 7 and 9).
The nailing operation described above is a nailing operation from the inside of the frame members 11, 12, and 13 (from the inside of the rectangular frame), but the nailing operation from the inside of the frame material is easier than the diagonal nailing operation. Workability is good and less skill is required.

なお、上記の釘打ちに際して作業者は、図３で説明したマーキング（×印）を目印にして釘打ちする。このように、マーキングを目印にして釘打ちするだけで、所定の位置に精度よく釘打ちすることができるので、作業が楽でありしかも作業性が向上する。また、安定した良好な施工品質を確保できる。   In addition, when performing the above-described nail driving, the operator nails using the marking (x mark) described in FIG. 3 as a mark. In this way, it is possible to accurately nail to a predetermined position only by nailing with the marking as a mark, so that the work is easy and the workability is improved. In addition, stable and good construction quality can be ensured.

上記のようにして構成された耐力壁は、面材１６として所定の剛性を有する構造用合板が用いられ、かつ、耐力壁パネル２の矩形枠体１５が所定の剛性を有し、その周囲の枠材１１、１２、１３が軸組材に規定の仕様の釘打ちにより堅固に接合されているので、十分な強度の耐力壁が得られる。
また、耐力壁パネル２の中枠材１４は、耐力壁パネル２に作用する風圧などの水平力に対する補強となり、また、外装材その他の部材の取り付けを容易にするなど、通常の間柱の機能を果たす。 In the load bearing wall configured as described above, a structural plywood having a predetermined rigidity is used as the face material 16, and the rectangular frame 15 of the load bearing wall panel 2 has a predetermined rigidity. Since the frame members 11, 12, and 13 are firmly joined to the frame assembly member by nailing with a specified specification, a bearing wall with sufficient strength can be obtained.
Further, the middle frame member 14 of the load-bearing wall panel 2 serves as a reinforcement against horizontal force such as wind pressure acting on the load-bearing wall panel 2 and also functions as a normal stud such as facilitating the mounting of exterior members and other members. Fulfill.

本発明の耐力壁構造によれば、上記の通り、工場で製造した耐力壁パネル２を建築現場に持ち込んで施工するので、現場で枠材を軸組材に釘打ちして取り付けた上で面材を枠材に釘打ちして取り付けるという図１３（ロ）のような従来構造と比べて、現場施工が大幅に少なく済み、施工性が向上する。
また、耐力壁パネル２には、間柱の機能を果たす中枠材１４が既に設けられているので、従来構造のように間柱を上下の横架材に斜め釘打ちで接合するという煩雑な作業が不要であり、この点でも施工性が向上する。 According to the load-bearing wall structure of the present invention, as described above, the load-bearing wall panel 2 manufactured at the factory is brought into the construction site for construction. Compared to the conventional structure as shown in FIG. 13 (b) in which the material is nailed and attached to the frame material, the on-site construction is significantly reduced and the workability is improved.
Further, since the bearing wall panel 2 is already provided with the intermediate frame member 14 that functions as a stud, the complicated work of joining the stud to the upper and lower horizontal members by diagonal nailing is performed as in the conventional structure. This is unnecessary and the workability is improved in this respect as well.

図１０、図１１に柱間隔が図１の場合の２倍（すなわち１８２０ｍｍ）である場合の耐力壁パネル構造１’を示す。図１０（イ）は耐力壁構造１’の正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＩ−Ｉ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＪ−Ｊ断面図である。図１１は図１０における耐力壁パネル２’を示すもので、（イ）は耐力壁パネル２’の正面図、（ロ）は（イ）のＫ−Ｋ断面図、（ハ）は（イ）のＬ−Ｌ断面図である。
この耐力壁構造１’は、実施例１の耐力壁構造１とは、柱間隔が２倍になったことに伴う違いだけであり、基本構造としては概ね同じである。
この実施例の耐力壁パネル２’の矩形枠体１５’は、左右の縦枠材１３間の中間部に中間枠材１７を設け、この中間枠材１７と左右の縦枠材１３との中間に中枠材１４を設けている。中枠材１４と中間枠材１７はいずれも間柱の機能を有する。
矩形枠体１５’に貼り付ける面材１６’は、実施例１の耐力壁パネル２で用いた面材１６より幅が若干広い面材１６ａ’を２枚用い、矩形枠体１５’の左右部分にそれぞれを貼り付けている。
この耐力壁パネル２’は、矩形枠体の上下の枠材１１、１２の長さが長くなり、中間枠材１７を設け、中枠材１４が１本増え、使用する面材の幅が若干広くなった点以外は、柱間隔９１０ｍｍ用の耐力壁パネル２と同様である。
中枠材１４の矩形枠体１５’の幅方向両端からの位置（寸法ａ）は、柱間隔９１０ｍｍ用の耐力壁パネル２における寸法ａと同じとしている。中枠材１４と中間枠材１７との間隔ｂは寸法ａより柱４の幅寸法の半分だけ長くなる。
上記の通りであり、この柱間隔１８２０ｍｍ用の耐力壁パネル２’は、柱間隔９１０ｍｍ用の耐力壁パネル２の構造との共通部分が多く、材料、製造のし易さ、施工性その他の種々の点で好都合である。
この耐力壁パネル２’を用いた耐力壁構造１’は、前記の通り、実施例１の耐力壁構造１とは基本的には柱間隔が２倍になったことに伴う違いだけなので、さらなる詳細説明は省略する。 10 and 11 show a load-bearing wall panel structure 1 ′ when the column spacing is twice that of FIG. 1 (that is, 1820 mm). 10A is a front view of the bearing wall structure 1 ′, FIG. 10B is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 10A, and FIG. 10C is a sectional view taken along the line JJ of FIG. FIG. 11 shows the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′ in FIG. 10, (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′, (B) is a sectional view taken along the line KK of (B), and (C) is (B). It is LL sectional drawing of.
This bearing wall structure 1 ′ differs from the bearing wall structure 1 of Example 1 only in that the column spacing is doubled, and is basically the same as the basic structure.
The rectangular frame body 15 ′ of the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′ of this embodiment is provided with an intermediate frame member 17 at an intermediate portion between the left and right vertical frame members 13, and an intermediate between the intermediate frame member 17 and the left and right vertical frame members 13. An intermediate frame member 14 is provided. Each of the middle frame member 14 and the intermediate frame member 17 has a function of a stud.
As the face material 16 ′ to be attached to the rectangular frame 15 ′, two face materials 16a ′ that are slightly wider than the face material 16 used in the load bearing wall panel 2 of the first embodiment are used, and left and right portions of the rectangular frame 15 ′. Each is pasted.
In this load-bearing wall panel 2 ', the length of the upper and lower frame members 11 and 12 of the rectangular frame body is increased, the intermediate frame member 17 is provided, the middle frame member 14 is increased by one, and the width of the face member to be used is slightly increased. Except for the point which became wide, it is the same as that of the load-bearing wall panel 2 for column spacing 910mm.
The positions (dimension a) of the middle frame member 14 from both ends in the width direction of the rectangular frame 15 ′ are the same as the dimension a in the load-bearing wall panel 2 for the column interval 910 mm. The interval b between the middle frame member 14 and the intermediate frame member 17 is longer than the dimension a by half the width dimension of the column 4.
As described above, the load-bearing wall panel 2 'for the column spacing 1820mm has many common parts with the structure of the load-bearing wall panel 2 for the column spacing 910mm, and various other materials, ease of manufacture, workability, etc. This is advantageous.
As described above, the load-bearing wall structure 1 ′ using the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′ is basically different from the load-bearing wall structure 1 of the first embodiment as the column spacing is doubled. Detailed description is omitted.

上述の実施例では、耐力壁パネル２の面材を矩形枠体の片側の面に貼り付けたが、両側の面に貼り付けることもできる。
本発明の耐力壁構造は、平屋、２階建又は３階建の木造軸組建築物に適用することができ、その１階、２階又は３階のいずれの壁構造としても適用可能である。 In the above-described embodiment, the face material of the load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to one side of the rectangular frame, but it can also be attached to both sides.
The load-bearing wall structure of the present invention can be applied to a one-story, two-story or three-story wooden frame building, and can be applied to any of the first, second, or third-floor wall structures. .

１、１’ 耐力壁構造
２、２’ 耐力壁パネル
３ 下部横架材
４ 柱
５ 上部横架材
６ 軸組開口
７ 床合板
８ 第２下部横架材（大引）
１１ 下枠材
１２ 上枠材
１３ 縦枠材
１４ 中枠材
１５ 矩形枠体
１６、１６’、１６ａ’ 面材
１７ 中間枠材
1, 1 'bearing wall structure 2, 2' bearing wall panel 3 Lower horizontal member 4 Pillar 5 Upper horizontal member 6 Axle opening 7 Floor plywood 8 Second lower horizontal member (Large drawing)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Lower frame material 12 Upper frame material 13 Vertical frame material 14 Middle frame material 15 Rectangular frame body 16,16 ', 16a' Face material 17 Intermediate frame material

Claims (4)

下部横架材とこの下部横架材に間隔をあけて立てた左右の柱と柱上部で柱間に横架させた上部横架材とで囲まれる矩形状の軸組開口に真壁方式の耐力壁パネルを取り付けてなる木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造であって、
前記耐力壁パネルは、下枠材と上枠材と左右の縦枠材とで矩形状をなすとともに左右の縦枠材の中間に縦枠材と平行な1本又は複数本の中枠材を設けた矩形枠体の少なくとも片側面に矩形状の構造用合板からなる面材を釘打ちして貼り付けた構造であり、下部横架材の上面に構造用合板からなる床合板の端縁部を載せ釘打ちして固定し、前記耐力壁パネルを、下部横架材に固定した前記床合板の端縁部に載る態様で前記矩形状の軸組開口に嵌め込み、前記矩形枠体の上枠材及び左右の縦枠材をそれぞれ上部横架材及び左右の柱に枠材内面側から釘打ちして接合し、かつ、下枠材を前記床合板を介して下部横架材に枠材内面側から釘打ちして接合したことを特徴とする木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造。 Strength of a true wall system in a rectangular frame opening surrounded by a lower horizontal member, left and right columns spaced apart from this lower horizontal member, and an upper horizontal member placed between the columns at the upper part of the column It is a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden framed building with wall panels attached,
The load-bearing wall panel has a rectangular shape composed of a lower frame material, an upper frame material, and left and right vertical frame materials, and one or a plurality of middle frame materials parallel to the vertical frame material in the middle of the left and right vertical frame materials. It is a structure in which a face material made of a rectangular structural plywood is nailed and attached to at least one side of a provided rectangular frame, and an edge of a floor plywood made of a structural plywood on the upper surface of a lower horizontal member The load-bearing wall panel is fitted into the rectangular shaft opening in such a manner that the load-bearing wall panel is placed on the edge of the floor plywood fixed to the lower horizontal member, and the upper frame of the rectangular frame The upper frame member and the left and right vertical frame members are joined to the upper horizontal member and the left and right columns by nailing from the inner surface side of the frame member, and the lower frame member is joined to the lower horizontal member through the floor plywood. A load-bearing wall structure in a wooden framed building, which is nailed from the side and joined. 前記の耐力壁パネルの矩形枠体の内面に、軸組材に対して釘打ちすべき位置を示すマーキングを施したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造。   The bearing wall structure in the wooden frame building according to claim 1, wherein a marking indicating a position to be nailed with respect to the frame member is provided on an inner surface of the rectangular frame of the load bearing wall panel. . 耐力壁パネルを軸組開口に取り付ける際に、矩形枠体の耐力壁パネルの矩形枠体の上枠材及び下枠材は幅方向中央位置にて１列をなす位置に釘打ちし、左右の縦枠材は幅方向中央位置の両側で千鳥状の２列をなす位置に釘打ちしたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造。   When attaching the load-bearing wall panel to the shaft assembly opening, the upper and lower frame members of the rectangular frame of the load-bearing wall panel of the rectangular frame are nailed to a position that forms one row at the center in the width direction. The load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical frame members are nailed at positions in two rows in a staggered manner on both sides of the center position in the width direction. 当該木造軸組建築物が、間隔をあけた互いに平行な２つの下部横架材間に横架接合された、最小柱間隔と同間隔の複数の第２下部横架材を備えており、各第２下部横架材の上面高さ位置は前記下部横架材の上面高さ位置と同じであり、床合板が前記第２下部横架材と床合板端縁部を受ける前記下部横架材とのみで支持されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の木造軸組建築物における耐力壁構造。   The wooden frame building is provided with a plurality of second lower horizontal members having the same interval as the minimum column interval, which are horizontally joined between two lower horizontal members spaced apart from each other, The upper horizontal position of the second lower horizontal member is the same as the upper surface height position of the lower horizontal member, and the lower horizontal member receives the second lower horizontal member and the edge of the floor plywood as the floor plywood. The load-bearing wall structure in the wooden frame building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the load-bearing wall structure is supported only by.
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CN102587639A (en) * 2012-01-20 2012-07-18 浙江天元建设（集团）股份有限公司 Double-layered skirting board and service method thereof
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JP2017120023A (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-07-06 大根 弘行 Bearing wall and building structure
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JP2013142282A (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-22 Misawa Homes Co Ltd Column structure
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JP2017120023A (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-07-06 大根 弘行 Bearing wall and building structure
JP7496574B2 (en) 2020-01-17 2024-06-07 ミサワホーム株式会社 Load-bearing wall structure

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