JP2011212561A - Water cleaning/green planting material - Google Patents

Water cleaning/green planting material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2011212561A
JP2011212561A JP2010082164A JP2010082164A JP2011212561A JP 2011212561 A JP2011212561 A JP 2011212561A JP 2010082164 A JP2010082164 A JP 2010082164A JP 2010082164 A JP2010082164 A JP 2010082164A JP 2011212561 A JP2011212561 A JP 2011212561A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
greening
soil
water purification
tile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2010082164A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenichi Kikukawa
健一 菊川
Tatsuhide Hamazaki
竜英 濱崎
Taro Ota
太郎 太田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kikukawa Construction Mat Co Ltd
KIKUKAWA CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS CO Ltd
Osaka Sangyo University
Original Assignee
Kikukawa Construction Mat Co Ltd
KIKUKAWA CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS CO Ltd
Osaka Sangyo University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kikukawa Construction Mat Co Ltd, KIKUKAWA CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS CO Ltd, Osaka Sangyo University filed Critical Kikukawa Construction Mat Co Ltd
Priority to JP2010082164A priority Critical patent/JP2011212561A/en
Publication of JP2011212561A publication Critical patent/JP2011212561A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning/green planting material which can facilitate construction, can be manufactured at a low cost, can provide both functions of water cleaning and green planting and, moreover, permits recycling or effective utilization of the material.SOLUTION: The water cleaning/green planting material comprises particulate of roof tile and particulate of volcanic ash fall deposit or particulate of carbonized matter of wooden material.

Description

本発明は、河川、湖沼等における水質浄化及び緑化に有用であり、環境面でも優れた水質浄化・緑化用資材に関する。   The present invention relates to water quality purification / greening materials that are useful for water purification and greening in rivers, lakes, and the like and that are excellent in terms of environment.

近年、河川、湖沼等における水辺の景観改善のための緑化や、湖沼の富栄養化による水質汚濁、さらには、これらに伴う水辺生態系の衰退や、自然景観の悪化が問題になっている。そこで、水生植物の植栽や水質浄化に関する係る技術が従来から開発されている。   In recent years, greening for improving waterside landscapes in rivers, lakes, etc., water pollution due to eutrophication of lakes and marshes, deterioration of waterside ecosystems accompanying these, and deterioration of natural landscapes have become problems. Therefore, techniques related to planting aquatic plants and water purification have been conventionally developed.

そのような技術に関する特許出願として、たとえば特許文献1や特許文献2のような出願がなされている。特許文献1に係る発明は、当該特許文献1の請求項1にも記載されているように、「イカダ底面と水面との間に空間が形成できるように浮き部材を取付けたイカダを水上に係留し,該イカダを構成する各バーの隙間を利用して陸生植物を植生し,この陸生植物の根上部を前記空間に曝したうえ根下部を水中に浸漬させながら陸生植物を水上定置栽培することからなる水上緑化兼水質浄化法。」に関するものであり、特許文献2に係る発明は、当該特許文献2の請求項1にも記載されているように、「溝部を有するポーラスコンクリート構造体の該溝部内に、マットと水質浄化部材とを配置したことを特徴とする緑化水質浄化構造体。」に関するものである。   As patent applications relating to such technology, applications such as Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been filed. As described in claim 1 of Patent Document 1, the invention according to Patent Document 1 “Mounts the squid with the floating member attached thereto so that a space can be formed between the squid bottom and the water surface. The terrestrial plants are vegetated using the gaps between the bars constituting the squid, and the terrestrial plants are placed on the water while the upper roots of the terrestrial plants are exposed to the space and the lower roots are immersed in water. As described in claim 1 of Patent Document 2, the invention according to Patent Document 2 describes that “the porous concrete structure having grooves” The present invention relates to a greening water purification structure characterized in that a mat and a water purification member are disposed in a groove.

しかしながら、特許文献1に記載された浮き部材を取付けたイカダを用いて陸生植物を水上定置栽培するものであるため、陸生植物の植栽に手間がかかり、植物の交換や保守性に労力を要するという問題がある。また、浮き部材を取付けたイカダを水上に係留するものであるため、風雨や波浪の影響により移動しないようにロープやワイヤー等で固定する作業も必要となる。さらに特許文献2に記載された緑化水質浄化構造体は、溝部を有するポーラスコンクリート構造体の該溝部内に、マットと水質浄化部材とを配置したものであるため、そのようなマットと水質浄化部材とを配置するための溝部を形成した専用のポーラスコンクリート構造体を新設のものとして製作しなければならず、施工の作業が煩雑となる。   However, since the terrestrial plant is cultivated on the ground using the squid with the floating member described in Patent Document 1, it takes time to plant the terrestrial plant, and it takes effort to replace and maintain the plant. There is a problem. Further, since the squid with the floating member is moored on the water, it is necessary to fix the rope with a rope or a wire so as not to move due to the influence of wind and rain. Furthermore, since the greening water purification structure described in Patent Document 2 is such that a mat and a water purification member are disposed in the groove of the porous concrete structure having a groove, such a mat and the water purification member. A special porous concrete structure in which a groove portion for arranging the first and second grooves is formed must be manufactured as a new one, and the construction work becomes complicated.

一方、上記特許文献1にかかる発明の問題点を解決するために、特許文献3のような特許出願もなされている。この特許文献3に係る発明は、当該特許文献3の請求項3にも記載されているように、「孔あきシートまたはネットからなる袋体内に,全体の比重が1未満になるように配合した軽量培地を装填してマット状の植栽床を形成し,このマット状植栽床に陸生植物を植栽した状態で該植栽床の上面が水面より高くなるように水に浮遊させることを特徴とする水質浄化兼水辺緑化法。」に関するものである。   On the other hand, in order to solve the problems of the invention according to Patent Document 1, a patent application such as Patent Document 3 has been filed. As described in claim 3 of the patent document 3, the invention according to this patent document 3 “blended so that the overall specific gravity is less than 1 in a bag made of a perforated sheet or a net. A lightweight medium is loaded to form a mat-like planting floor, and a terrestrial plant is planted on the mat-like planting floor so that the upper surface of the planting floor is floated in water so that it is higher than the water surface. Water quality purification and waterside greening method.

この特許文献3に係る発明によれば、上記特許文献1に係る発明の「植物の植栽に手間がかかり、植物の交換や保守性に労力を要する」という問題は解決することができるが、マット状植栽床に陸生植物を植栽した状態で該植栽床の上面が水面より高くなるように水に浮遊させるものであるため、風雨や波浪の影響により移動しないようにロープやワイヤー等で固定する作業が必要となるという問題点を解消することはできない。また、袋体内に装填する軽量培地の一部に、浮力を生じさせるために発泡スチロール片のような発泡性合成樹脂を含み、そのような発泡性合成樹脂は難分解性のものであるので、環境面の観点からは必ずしも好ましいものではない。   According to the invention according to Patent Document 3, the problem that “the planting of the plant takes time and labor is required for exchanging and maintaining the plant” of the invention according to Patent Document 1 can be solved. Since terrestrial plants are planted on the mat-like planting floor, it is suspended in water so that the top surface of the planting floor is higher than the water surface, so that it does not move due to the influence of wind and rain, waves, etc. It is impossible to eliminate the problem that fixing work is required. Moreover, in order to produce buoyancy, a part of the lightweight medium loaded in the bag contains a foaming synthetic resin such as a foamed polystyrene piece, and such a foaming synthetic resin is hardly decomposable. From the viewpoint of surface, it is not necessarily preferable.

さらに比較的最近の技術として、特許文献4のような特許出願もなされている。この特許文献4に係る発明は、当該特許出願4の請求項1にも記載されているように、「木材破砕物と、接着剤とを含むマット状に固結した基盤に、水生植物又はその苗木を植栽するための複数の底が閉塞した穴が設けられており、該穴に鉄含有セラミックス多孔体を充填してなり、前記鉄含有セラミックス多孔体の含有割合が、前記基盤が水中に沈降しうる比重1050〜1100kg/m3となる割合である水生植物植栽用基盤」に関するものである。 Further, as a relatively recent technique, a patent application such as Patent Document 4 has been filed. As described in claim 1 of the patent application 4, the invention according to Patent Document 4 is “Aquatic plants or their on a base solidified in a mat shape including crushed wood and an adhesive”. A plurality of bottom-closed holes for planting seedlings are provided, and the holes are filled with an iron-containing ceramic porous body, and the content ratio of the iron-containing ceramic porous body is such that the base is in water. It relates to aquatic plant planting bases having a specific gravity of 1050 to 1100 kg / m 3 that can settle.

しかし、この特許文献4にかかる発明では、鉄含有セラミックス多孔体を用いるので製作コストが必ずしも安価ではなく、また木材破砕物と接着剤とを含むマット状に固結した基盤に、底が閉塞した穴を設けるので、製作作業が必ずしも簡易なものではない。   However, in the invention according to Patent Document 4, since the iron-containing ceramic porous body is used, the production cost is not necessarily low, and the bottom is blocked by a mat base including crushed wood and adhesive. Since the holes are provided, the production work is not always simple.

さらに、上記のような特許文献1乃至4に係る発明は、水質浄化及び緑化の双方の機能を発揮させることを意図するものではあるが、現実にはそのような双方の機能を効果的に発揮させるには至らないものである。   Furthermore, although the inventions according to Patent Documents 1 to 4 as described above are intended to exhibit both functions of water purification and greening, in reality, both such functions are effectively exhibited. It is not something that can be done.

特開平6−178626号公報JP-A-6-178626 特開平11−57755号公報JP-A-11-57755 特開平8−322406号公報JP-A-8-322406 特開2009−296939号公報JP 2009-296939 A

本発明は、このような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、上記従来の特許文献1乃至4の技術のような問題点を生じさせることがなく、施工が簡易で製造コストが安価であり、水質浄化及び緑化の双方の機能を発揮させることができ、しかも資材の再利用、有効利用を図ることができる水質浄化・緑化用資材を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and does not cause the problems as in the techniques of the above-mentioned conventional Patent Documents 1 to 4, is simple in construction, and low in manufacturing cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification / greening material that can exhibit both functions of water purification and greening, and that can reuse and effectively use the material.

本発明は、このような課題を解決するために、瓦の廃材の粉粒体と、火山灰土の粉粒体若しくは木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体とが含有されていることを特徴とする水質浄化・緑化用資材を提供するものである。火山灰土の粉粒体としては、赤玉土、ボラ土、又は鹿沼土のようなものが用いられる。また、この水質浄化・緑化用資材には、さらに火山砂利を含有させることが可能である。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention contains a granular material of a waste material of a tile and a granular material of volcanic ash soil or a granular material of carbide of a wooden material. It provides materials for purification and greening. As the granular material of the volcanic ash soil, a material such as red jade soil, bora soil, or kanuma soil is used. Further, the water purification / greening material can further contain volcanic gravel.

本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材は、上述のように、瓦の廃材を含有するものであるため、従来において廃棄後の有効利用が必ずしも図られていなかった廃瓦の再利用、有効利用を図ることができるという効果がある。   As described above, the material for water purification / greening of the present invention contains waste materials for tiles, so that it is possible to reuse and effectively use waste tiles that were not necessarily effectively used after disposal in the past. There is an effect that it can be planned.

また、この瓦の廃材は強度があるので、含有成分中において骨材として有効に機能し、比較的強度の弱い火山灰土の粉粒体や木製素材の炭化物と混合することによって、全体として水質浄化・緑化用資材に一定の強度を付与することができ、通水時の衝撃を緩和する作用を有することとなる。また瓦の廃材は濾過機能に優れているので、濾過材としても有効に機能することとなる。   In addition, because the waste material of this tile is strong, it functions effectively as an aggregate in the contained components, and as a whole, it is purified by mixing it with a relatively weak volcanic ash soil granule or wooden carbide. -A certain level of strength can be imparted to the greening material, which has the effect of mitigating the impact during water flow. Moreover, since the waste material of a tile is excellent in the filtration function, it will function effectively also as a filtration material.

さらに、比重が大きく重量があるので、比較的軽量である火山灰土の粉粒体や木製素材の炭化物と混合することによって、全体として水質浄化・緑化用資材が安定した状態となる。また、瓦の廃材の粉粒体には吸水性もあり、水質浄化・緑化用資材全体としても吸水性を向上させることとなる。   Furthermore, since the specific gravity is large and the weight is high, the material for water purification / greening can be stabilized as a whole by mixing it with the relatively light volcanic ash clay particles and the carbide of the wooden material. In addition, the tile waste particles have water absorption, and the water purification and greening material as a whole will improve water absorption.

さらに、火山灰土の粉粒体や木製素材の炭化物が含有されているので、これらを含有する水質浄化・緑化用資材の吸水性が効果的に発揮され、水の吸着、濾過作用が良好となり、水質浄化作用が好適に発揮されることとなる。また吸水性が良好であるので、植物の生育も良好となり、緑化の機能も好適に発揮されることとなる。   In addition, because it contains volcanic ash clay particles and carbides of wooden materials, water absorption of water purification and greening materials containing these is effectively demonstrated, water adsorption and filtration are good, The water purification effect will be suitably exhibited. Moreover, since water absorption is favorable, the growth of a plant will also become favorable and the function of greening will be exhibited suitably.

さらに、火山灰土の粉粒体は、水中のリンや有機物を好適に吸着させることができ、その結果、河川、湖沼等における水辺の景観改善のための緑化や、湖沼の富栄養化による水質汚濁なども効果的に防止することができる。   In addition, the volcanic ash soil particles can adsorb phosphorus and organic matter in water, and as a result, water pollution due to greening for improving waterside landscapes in rivers and lakes, and eutrophication of lakes and marshes. Etc. can also be effectively prevented.

このように、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材は、吸水作用、濾過作用、リンや有機物の吸着作用を好適に生じさせるので、水質浄化及び緑化の双方の機能を発揮させることができる水質浄化・緑化用資材を提供することができるという効果がある。   As described above, the water purification / greening material of the present invention suitably causes water absorption, filtration, and adsorption of phosphorus and organic matter, so that the water purification can exhibit both water purification and greening functions.・ There is an effect that materials for greening can be provided.

一実施例としての濾過速度の試験に用いられる装置の概略ブロック図。The schematic block diagram of the apparatus used for the test of the filtration rate as one Example. 一実施例としての瓦の粒状物のpF値と体積含水率の相関関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the correlation of the pF value of the granular material of a tile as one Example, and volumetric water content.

以下、本発明の実施形態について説明する。本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材は、上述のように、瓦の廃材の粉粒体と、火山灰土の粉粒体若しくは木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体とが含有されたものである。「火山灰土の粉粒体若しくは木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体」が含有されるので、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材には、廃材の粉粒体、火山灰土の粉粒体、及び木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体の3種の粉粒体が含有される場合の他、廃材の粉粒体及び火山灰土の粉粒体の2種の粉粒体のみが含有される場合、或いは廃材の粉粒体及び木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体の2種の粉粒体のみが含有される場合がある。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. As described above, the water purification / greening material according to the present invention contains waste tile powder particles, volcanic ash soil particles, or wooden material carbide particles. Since "volcanic ash soil granular material or wooden material carbide granular material" is contained, the material for water purification and greening of the present invention includes waste material granular material, volcanic ash soil granular material, and wooden material In addition to the case of containing three types of granular materials of carbide particles of raw materials, the case of containing only two types of granular materials of granular material of waste material and granular material of volcanic ash earth, or waste material There are cases in which only two types of granular materials, ie, a granular material of a wooden material and a granular material of a carbide of a wooden material, are contained.

一般に、瓦は、釉薬を用いて焼成した陶器瓦と、釉薬を用いずに焼成したいぶし瓦とがある。いずれの瓦の廃材を用いることも可能であるが、陶器瓦を用いた場合には、釉薬の成分である銅、鉛、コバルト等が水中に溶出するおそれがあることから、本発明においては、いぶし瓦の廃材を用いるのが好ましい。   In general, tiles are classified into ceramic tiles fired using glaze and Ibushi tiles fired without using glaze. It is possible to use any tile waste material, but when using ceramic tiles, there is a risk that glaze components such as copper, lead, cobalt, etc. may elute into the water. It is preferable to use a waste material of Ibushi tile.

また、廃材として、たとえば屋根瓦として使用した後の瓦の廃材を用いることも可能であるが、その場合には、釘、その他の不純物が混入されているおそれがあることから、本発明においては、瓦の製造工程において生じた不良品を用いることが好ましい。   Further, as waste material, for example, it is possible to use waste material of a tile after being used as a roof tile, but in that case, since there is a possibility that nails and other impurities are mixed, in the present invention It is preferable to use a defective product generated in the roof tile manufacturing process.

一般に、瓦は、原料の調製工程、調製された原料に水を添加する工程、水を添加した原料を型枠に充填して成型する工程、成型後に乾燥する工程、乾燥後に脱型して焼成する工程によって製造されるが、瓦の不良品は主に焼成工程において生じる。従って、本発明では、この焼成工程で生じた瓦の不良品の廃材が主として用いられる。   Generally, roof tiles are a raw material preparation step, a step of adding water to the prepared raw material, a step of filling a raw material with water added into a mold, a step of drying after molding, a step of drying after drying, and baking after demolding However, the defective tiles are mainly produced in the firing process. Therefore, in this invention, the waste material of the defective product of the tile produced in this baking process is mainly used.

従来では、このような焼成工程で生じた瓦の不良品は、そのまま埋め立てる等によって廃棄されていたため、その焼成工程で生じた瓦の不良品を、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材の一成分として用いることで、瓦の廃材の有効利用、再利用を好適に図ることができる。   Conventionally, since the defective products of tiles produced in such a firing process have been discarded by landfilling or the like, the defective products of tiles produced in the firing process are one component of the water purification / greening material of the present invention. By using as, effective utilization and reuse of the waste material of a tile can be aimed at suitably.

瓦の廃材は、破砕機等で粉砕されて粉粒体の状態で用いられる。その粉粒体の粒径は特に限定されるものではないが、5〜30mmのものを用いるのが好ましい。粒径が5mm未満になると透水性が不良になるおそれがあり、また30mmを超えることで特に不都合はないが、他の火山灰土の粉粒体や木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体と混合する場合に、30mm以下のものを用いることで調製が容易となる。この観点からは、10〜20mmのものを用いるのがより好ましい。   The waste material of the tile is crushed by a crusher or the like and used in the form of a granular material. The particle size of the granular material is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a particle having a particle size of 5 to 30 mm. If the particle size is less than 5 mm, the water permeability may be poor, and if it exceeds 30 mm, there is no particular inconvenience, but when mixing with other volcanic ash clay particles or wooden carbide particles Moreover, preparation becomes easy by using a 30 mm or less thing. From this viewpoint, it is more preferable to use a 10 to 20 mm one.

また、火山灰土の粉粒体としては、たとえば赤玉土、ボラ土、或いは鹿沼土等を用いることができる。これら赤玉土、ボラ土、鹿沼土の粒径も特に限定されるものではないが10〜20mm程度のものを用いるのが好ましい。   Moreover, as a granular material of volcanic ash soil, for example, red jade soil, mullet soil, or Kanuma soil can be used. The particle diameters of these red crust, mullet, and kanuma earth are not particularly limited, but those of about 10 to 20 mm are preferably used.

さらに、木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体としては、たとえば広葉樹の廃材の炭化物のようなものが用いられる。広葉樹の炭化物は比表面積が大きく、多孔質材料としては有用なものである。この木の廃材の炭化物も粉粒体として用いられ、その粒径も特に限定されるものではないが10〜20mm程度のものを用いるのが好ましい。尚、「木製素材の炭化物とは、上記のような木材の廃材の炭化物、木材自体の炭化物の他、たとえば紙やパルプの炭化物のようなものも含むことを意味する。   Furthermore, as the powder of the carbide of the wood material, for example, a hardwood waste material such as carbide is used. Hardwood carbide has a large specific surface area and is useful as a porous material. This wood waste carbide is also used as a granular material, and its particle size is not particularly limited, but it is preferably about 10 to 20 mm. In addition, “the carbide of the wooden material” means that, for example, the carbide of the waste wood and the carbide of the wood itself as well as the carbide of paper or pulp are included.

上記火山灰土の粉粒体は、化学的吸着力が高いという特性を有し、水中のリンや有機物を吸着させることができる。また木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体は、物理的吸着力が高いという特性を有するものであるが、同様に水中のリンや有機物を吸着させることができる。リン、窒素、カリウム等は肥料としては有用なものであるが、水中に存在すると富栄養化の観点から好ましくないので、水中からは除去する必要がある。   The powder of volcanic ash soil has a characteristic of high chemical adsorption power, and can adsorb phosphorus and organic substances in water. Moreover, although the powder material of the carbide | carbonized_material of a wooden material has the characteristic that physical adsorption power is high, it can adsorb | suck phosphorus and organic substance in water similarly. Phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, and the like are useful as fertilizers. However, if they are present in water, they are not preferable from the viewpoint of eutrophication, so it is necessary to remove them from the water.

このような火山灰土の粉粒体や木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体を含有する水質浄化・緑化用資材をたとえば水辺等に設置すると、水中のリンや有機物を吸着することができ、また吸着したリンや有機物を水性植物又は陸生植物の生育用として利用することができる。   When water purification and greening materials containing such volcanic ash soil particles or wooden carbide particles are installed on the waterside, for example, they can adsorb and absorb phosphorus and organic matter in water. Phosphorus and organic substances can be used for the growth of aqueous plants or terrestrial plants.

さらに、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材には、上記のような瓦の廃材の粉粒体、火山灰土の粉粒体、木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体の他に、火山砂利を含有させることもできる。このような火山砂利を含有させることで、その火山砂利が骨材として機能する他、リンや有機物の吸着効果も良好となる。   Furthermore, the material for water purification / greening of the present invention contains volcanic gravel in addition to the above-mentioned tile waste particles, volcanic ash soil particles, and wooden carbide particles. You can also. By including such volcanic gravel, the volcanic gravel functions as an aggregate, and the adsorption effect of phosphorus and organic matter is also improved.

上記のような瓦の廃材の粉粒体と、火山灰土の粉粒体若しくは木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体等が含有された水質浄化・緑化用資材は、そのままの状態で使用することができる他、たとえば化学繊維、ヤシ繊維、樹脂等で製造された袋体や容器等に収容して使用することもできる。このような袋体や容器等に収容することで、紛失等を防止できるとともに、取り扱いが容易となる利点がある。   Water purification / greening materials containing tile waste materials, volcanic ash clay, or wood carbide particles can be used as they are. In addition, for example, it can be used by being accommodated in a bag or a container made of chemical fiber, palm fiber, resin or the like. By housing in such a bag or container, there are advantages that loss and the like can be prevented and handling is easy.

また、上記水質浄化・緑化用資材をブロック状等の所望の形状に成形することによって、植物の植栽基盤として利用することができる。また、このようにして成形された植栽基盤を、単独若しくは複数個用い、河川、湖沼等の水辺等に設置することで、河川、湖沼等の水辺に良好な植生景観を形成することができる。   Moreover, it can utilize as a planting base of a plant by shape | molding the said material for water purification / greening into desired shapes, such as a block shape. In addition, by using one or a plurality of planting bases formed in this way and installing them on the watersides of rivers, lakes, etc., a good vegetation landscape can be formed on the watersides of rivers, lakes, etc. .

以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。   Examples of the present invention will be described below.

(実施例1)
本実施例は、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材に含有される粒状物を試料として、それぞれ濾過速度について試験したものである。試験には、図1に示すような装置を用いた。すなわち、この装置は、同図に示すように、原水容器1と、定量ポンプ2と、カラム3と、処理水容器4とを具備するものである。
Example 1
In this example, the filtration rate was tested using the granular material contained in the water purification / greening material of the present invention as a sample. For the test, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 was used. That is, this apparatus comprises a raw water container 1, a metering pump 2, a column 3, and a treated water container 4, as shown in FIG.

カラムの内径は25mm、カラムの高さは200mmで、この中に水質浄化・緑化用資材に含有される含有物の試料を、100mmの高さとなるように投入した。従って、投入された試料の体積は49cm3である。試料は、いずれも1〜2mmにふるい分けしたものを用いた。 The inner diameter of the column was 25 mm and the height of the column was 200 mm, and a sample of the contents contained in the water purification / greening material was put therein so that the height was 100 mm. Therefore, the volume of the input sample is 49 cm 3 . All samples used were sieved to 1 to 2 mm.

原水容器1に投入された原水は、定量ポンプ2によって一定速度で、試料が充填されたカラム3に流される。カラム3は、入口部3aと出口部3b以外は密閉されており、予め試料と同じ高さまで原水が収容されており、定量ポンプ2によって投入された原水と同量の処理水が、出口部3bから排出されるように構成されている。排出された処理水は処理水容器4に貯留され、一定期間の混合採水として分析を行った。   The raw water charged into the raw water container 1 is caused to flow through the column 3 filled with the sample at a constant speed by the metering pump 2. The column 3 is sealed except for the inlet portion 3a and the outlet portion 3b, and raw water is stored in advance to the same height as the sample, and the same amount of treated water as the raw water introduced by the metering pump 2 is supplied to the outlet portion 3b. It is configured to be discharged from. The discharged treated water was stored in the treated water container 4 and analyzed as mixed sampling for a certain period.

試料としては、ボラ土、炭、瓦、赤玉土の4種類の粒状体を用いた。瓦としては淡路産のいぶし瓦を用い、炭としては広葉樹の炭化物を用いた。また通水速度は、2.45m/dayと4.90m/dayで行った。投入質量は、ボラ土が35.3g、炭が7.5g、瓦が45.2g、赤玉土が32.2gである。   As samples, four types of granular materials such as Bora earth, charcoal, roof tile, and red jade earth were used. As tiles, Ibusuki tiles from Awaji were used, and hardwood charcoal was used as charcoal. The water flow rate was 2.45 m / day and 4.90 m / day. The input mass is 35.3 g for Bora soil, 7.5 g for charcoal, 45.2 g for roof tile, and 32.2 g for red crust.

測定項目は、pH、電気伝導度(EC)、酸化還元電位(ORP)、全有機炭素(TOC)、及びT−P(全リン)について行った。TOC及びT−Pについては、濃度のみならず除去率も求めた。試験結果を表1及び表2に示す。表1は通水速度が2.45m/dayの場合の結果であり、表2は通水速度が4.90m/dayの場合の結果である。   Measurement items were measured for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), redox potential (ORP), total organic carbon (TOC), and T-P (total phosphorus). For TOC and TP, not only the concentration but also the removal rate was determined. The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the results when the water flow rate is 2.45 m / day, and Table 2 shows the results when the water flow rate is 4.90 m / day.

Figure 2011212561
Figure 2011212561

Figure 2011212561
Figure 2011212561

表1からも明らかなように、通水速度が2.45m/dayの場合には、pH、EC、及びORPについては、4種類のサンプルにおいてほぼ近似した数値であったが、T−P及びTOCの除去率については、赤玉土が最も優れていた。   As is clear from Table 1, when the water flow rate was 2.45 m / day, the pH, EC, and ORP were values that were approximately approximated in the four types of samples. As for the TOC removal rate, Akadama was the most excellent.

また表2からも明らかなように、通水速度が4.90m/dayの場合においても、pH、EC、及びORPについては4種類のサンプルにおいてほぼ近似した数値であったが、T−P及びTOCの除去率については赤玉土が最も優れていた。   As is clear from Table 2, even when the water flow rate was 4.90 m / day, pH, EC, and ORP were values that were approximately approximated in the four types of samples. As for the removal rate of TOC, Akadama soil was the most excellent.

(実施例2)
本実施例では、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材に含有される一部の含有物について、加熱したものと加熱しないものとの比較試験を行ったものである。一部のサンプルについては600〜800度程度に加熱して用いた。加熱比較試験で用いたサンプルと投入質量を次表3に示す。
(Example 2)
In this example, some of the inclusions contained in the water purification / greening material of the present invention were subjected to a comparative test between heated and unheated. Some samples were heated to about 600 to 800 degrees. The samples used in the heating comparison test and the input mass are shown in Table 3 below.

Figure 2011212561
Figure 2011212561

試験には、実施例1と同様に図1の装置を用い、測定項目は、pH、電気伝導度(EC)、T−P(全リン)、全有機炭素(TOC)について行った。試験結果を表4に示す。表4において、原水1とは、ボラ土、赤玉土、鹿沼土に使用した原水であり、原水2とは、炭、瓦、青土、浅黄土、黒土に使用した原水である。   In the test, the apparatus of FIG. 1 was used in the same manner as in Example 1, and the measurement items were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), TP (total phosphorus), and total organic carbon (TOC). The test results are shown in Table 4. In Table 4, raw water 1 is the raw water used for Bora soil, Akadama soil, and Kanuma soil, and raw water 2 is the raw water used for charcoal, roof tile, blue soil, shallow yellow soil, and black soil.

表4からも明らかなように、リン除去率は、加熱、非加熱を問わず、赤玉土及び鹿沼土が高かった。ボラ土は、非加熱の場合、80%を超える除去率を得た。しかし、加熱すると除去率は下がった。加熱によって、ボラ土に含まれている鉄の結晶構造が変化し、吸着能が低下したものと思われる。一方、赤玉土や鹿沼土は、鉄だけでなく、アルミニウムによる吸着が良好で、加熱によって大きな変化が生じなかったものと思われる。   As is clear from Table 4, the phosphorus removal rate was high in the red sardine and Kanuma soil regardless of heating or non-heating. Bora soil obtained a removal rate of over 80% when unheated. However, the removal rate decreased with heating. It seems that the heating changed the crystal structure of iron contained in Bora soil and reduced the adsorption capacity. On the other hand, Akadama soil and Kanuma soil are not only iron, but they are well adsorbed by aluminum, and it seems that no major changes were caused by heating.

Figure 2011212561
Figure 2011212561

(実施例3)
本実施例では、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材に含有される含有物のうち、瓦について表乾比重と吸水率の試験を行った。試験は、室温25℃、湿度45%、水温20℃の条件下で行った。瓦としては淡路いぶし瓦の破砕品を用いた。
表乾比重の試験に際しては、先ず500mlのフラスコを準備し、そのフラスコに、上記のような瓦の破砕品の試料と水とを入れ、フラスコと試料と水との質量の総計を求め、その総計の質量から、フラスコの質量と試料の質量とを差し引き、水の質量を求めた。表乾比重は、求められた水の質量とフラスコの容量(500ml)と試料の質量とから、次式(1)で求められる。
表乾比重=(試料の質量)/〔(フラスコ容量)−(水の質量)〕・・・(1)
さらに、吸水率の試験に際しては、水に浸漬させた後の試料の質量を求め、その試料を乾燥させた後の試料の質量を求め、次式(2)から吸水率を求めた。

吸水率=〔(水浸漬後試料質量)−(乾燥後試料質量)〕/(乾燥後試料質量)× 100(%)・・・(2)

表乾比重と吸水率の試験結果を表5に示す。
(Example 3)
In this example, among the inclusions contained in the water purification / greening material of the present invention, tests on surface dry specific gravity and water absorption were performed on roof tiles. The test was performed under conditions of room temperature 25 ° C., humidity 45%, and water temperature 20 ° C. As the tile, a crushed product of Awaji Ibushi tile was used.
In the test of surface dry specific gravity, first, a 500 ml flask is prepared, and a sample of shredded tiles and water as described above are put into the flask, and the total mass of the flask, sample and water is obtained. From the total mass, the mass of the flask and the mass of the sample were subtracted to obtain the mass of water. The surface dry specific gravity is determined by the following equation (1) from the determined mass of water, the volume of the flask (500 ml), and the mass of the sample.
Table dry specific gravity = (mass of sample) / [(flask volume) − (mass of water)] (1)
Furthermore, in the water absorption test, the mass of the sample after being immersed in water was determined, the mass of the sample after drying the sample was determined, and the water absorption was determined from the following equation (2).

Water absorption rate = [(sample weight after water immersion) − (sample weight after drying)] / (sample weight after drying) × 100 (%) (2)

Table 5 shows the test results of surface dry specific gravity and water absorption.

Figure 2011212561
Figure 2011212561

表5から、表乾比重の平均値は2.07、吸水率の平均値は14.14%であった。上記本実施例の結果から、瓦の破砕品の表乾比重と吸水率とはいずれも良好であることがわかった。   From Table 5, the average value of specific surface dry gravity was 2.07, and the average value of water absorption was 14.14%. From the result of the present Example, it was found that both the surface dry specific gravity and the water absorption rate of the crushed tile were good.

(実施例4)
本実施例では、本発明の水質浄化・緑化用資材に含有される含有物のうち、瓦について保水性の試験を行った。具体的には、瓦の粒状物のpF値と体積含水率の相関関係について試験した。瓦としては実施例3と同様に淡路いぶし瓦の破砕品を用いた。
Example 4
In the present example, among the inclusions contained in the water purification / greening material of the present invention, a water retention test was performed on the tiles. Specifically, the correlation between the pF value and the volumetric water content of the tiles was tested. As the roof tile, a crushed product of Awaji Ibushi roof tile was used in the same manner as in Example 3.

pF値と体積含水率、含水比を表6に示し、pF値と体積含水率の相関関係を図2に示す。表6において、含水比の単位g/kgは、乾土あたりの水の質量である。この含水比は、JIS A 1210のモールド(容量1000cm3)に自然含水状態の試料(含水率51g/kg)を1層12.5cmで詰め、2.5kgランマーにより落下高10cm、回数10回の条件で突き固め、その中心部から100mlコアサンプラーで採取した試料を用いて測定した。 The pF value, volumetric water content, and water content ratio are shown in Table 6, and the correlation between the pF value and volumetric water content is shown in FIG. In Table 6, the unit of water content g / kg is the mass of water per dry soil. This water content ratio was determined by filling a JIS A 1210 mold (capacity 1000 cm 3 ) with a sample (water content 51 g / kg) in a natural water content state of 12.5 cm per layer, a drop height of 10 cm with a 2.5 kg rammer, 10 times. The sample was tamped under conditions and measured using a sample collected from the center with a 100 ml core sampler.

分析方法としては、pF値0の場合は減圧飽和法で行い、pF値0.5、1.0の場合は砂柱法で行い、pF値1.5、1.8の場合は加圧板法で行い、pF値3.0、3.8、4.2の場合は遠心法で行い、pF値7.0の場合は加熱減量法で行った。   As analysis methods, when the pF value is 0, the vacuum saturation method is used, when the pF value is 0.5 or 1.0, the sand column method is used, and when the pF value is 1.5 or 1.8, the pressure plate method is used. In the case of pF values of 3.0, 3.8 and 4.2, it was carried out by centrifugation, and in the case of pF value of 7.0, it was carried out by heating loss method.

さらに、pF値測定検体で瓦の粒状物の仮比重を測定した。仮比重は1.06mg/m3であった。 Further, the temporary specific gravity of the tile granular material was measured with the pF value measurement specimen. The provisional specific gravity was 1.06 mg / m 3 .

Figure 2011212561
Figure 2011212561

上記含水比の結果から、体積含水率を求め、図2に示すようなpF値と体積含水率の相関関係のグラフを作成した。   From the result of the water content ratio, the volume water content was obtained, and a graph of the correlation between the pF value and the volume water content as shown in FIG. 2 was created.

上記表6や図2の結果からも明らかなように、pF値0の場合の含水比は445(g/kg)と高いのに対して、pF値0.5の場合の含水比は169(g/kg)と低くなっているので、瓦の粒状物の初期の吸水が非常に多くて速いと認められる。   As is apparent from the results of Table 6 and FIG. 2, the water content ratio at a pF value of 0 is as high as 445 (g / kg), whereas the water content ratio at a pF value of 0.5 is 169 ( g / kg), it is recognized that the initial water absorption of the tiles is very large and fast.

一方、pF値1.8と3.0の含水比の差は4(g/kg)と少なく、いわゆる易効水(pF値1.8〜3.0)と称される通常の有効水分が多くはないことがわかった。これは、瓦の吸水性が良すぎるために、植物の生育に適したpF値1.8〜3.0程度の水が少なくなっていると認められる。ただし、このような易効水は、植物が利用し易い反面、蒸発し易いという欠点がある。   On the other hand, the difference in the water content ratio between the pF values of 1.8 and 3.0 is as small as 4 (g / kg), and so-called easy-to-use water (pF value of 1.8 to 3.0) is usually effective. I found that there wasn't much. It is recognized that water with a pF value of about 1.8 to 3.0 suitable for plant growth is reduced because the water absorption of the roof tile is too good. However, such easy-to-use water is easy for plants to use, but has the disadvantage of being easily evaporated.

夏場等、植物への水の供給がほとんどない時期には、難効水(pF値3.0〜4.2)と称される水が効果を発揮する。上記表6の結果からは、pF値3.0と4.2の含水比の差は84(g/kg)と多かったため、いわゆる難効水が多く含有されているものと認められる。従って、さほど水の流れがないような箇所での植栽には有効であると考えられる。   In the summer season and the like, when there is almost no water supply to the plant, water referred to as ineffective water (pF value 3.0 to 4.2) is effective. From the results of Table 6 above, the difference in water content ratio between the pF values of 3.0 and 4.2 was as large as 84 (g / kg), so that it is recognized that a large amount of so-called ineffective water is contained. Therefore, it is considered effective for planting in a place where there is not much water flow.

Claims (3)

瓦の廃材の粉粒体と、火山灰土の粉粒体若しくは木製素材の炭化物の粉粒体とが含有されていることを特徴とする水質浄化・緑化用資材。   A material for water purification and revegetation characterized by containing powder particles of waste tiles and particles of volcanic ash earth or carbides of wooden materials. 火山灰土の粉粒体が、赤玉土、ボラ土、又は鹿沼土である請求項1記載の水質浄化・緑化用資材。   The water purification / greening material according to claim 1, wherein the powder of volcanic ash soil is red crust, bora soil, or kanuma soil. さらに、火山砂利が含有されている請求項1又は2記載の水質浄化・緑化用資材。   The water purification / greening material according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising volcanic gravel.
JP2010082164A 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Water cleaning/green planting material Pending JP2011212561A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010082164A JP2011212561A (en) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Water cleaning/green planting material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010082164A JP2011212561A (en) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Water cleaning/green planting material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2011212561A true JP2011212561A (en) 2011-10-27

Family

ID=44942880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2010082164A Pending JP2011212561A (en) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Water cleaning/green planting material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2011212561A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014073570A1 (en) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-15 小松精練株式会社 Soil improving material and culture soil containing same
JP2016077261A (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-05-16 株式会社大林組 Weed-proof material and construction method for the same

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08218403A (en) * 1995-02-20 1996-08-27 Yukihiro Funai Block for purified water for vegetation and foundation bed material for purified water for vegetation and greening method for civil engineering structure in which the block for purified water for vegetation is used and water purification method in river
JP2005262209A (en) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-29 Univ Osaka Sangyo Water cleaning material

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08218403A (en) * 1995-02-20 1996-08-27 Yukihiro Funai Block for purified water for vegetation and foundation bed material for purified water for vegetation and greening method for civil engineering structure in which the block for purified water for vegetation is used and water purification method in river
JP2005262209A (en) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-29 Univ Osaka Sangyo Water cleaning material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014073570A1 (en) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-15 小松精練株式会社 Soil improving material and culture soil containing same
JPWO2014073570A1 (en) * 2012-11-08 2016-09-08 小松精練株式会社 Soil improver and soil containing it
JP2016077261A (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-05-16 株式会社大林組 Weed-proof material and construction method for the same

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Pratiwi et al. Rice husk biochar application to paddy soil and its effects on soil physical properties, plant growth, and methane emission
JP4556038B2 (en) Water purification material
Jiang et al. An improved approach to design bioretention system media
Ilnicki et al. Irreversible loss of organic soil functions after reclamation
CN106082441B (en) A kind of composite biological packing and preparation method thereof
Sang et al. A pilot bioretention system with commercial activated carbon and river sediment-derived biochar for enhanced nutrient removal from stormwater
Yaghoubi Development of biochar-amended landfill cover for landfill gas mitigation
CN107670637A (en) A kind of preparation method for efficiently removing heavy metal lead and cadmium flat mushroom bacteria residue biology carbon adsorbent
CN109678626A (en) The soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof repaired for mercury pollution farmland
CN111732156A (en) Method for inhibiting release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rice and crab co-culture paddy field sediment polluted by medium and light polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
JP4963012B2 (en) Japanese stone filter material, Japanese stone fired gravel material, or fish breeding method
CN109319932A (en) A kind of Performance of Constructed Wetlands Substrates and artificial swamp laying method for Tailwater Depth processing
CN111362395A (en) Ecological matrix for improving denitrification of subsurface infiltration system and preparation method thereof
Zhang et al. Comparison between the lower Nansi Lake and its inflow rivers in sedimentary phosphorus fractions and phosphorus adsorption characteristics
CN105499265B (en) Waste water-base drilling liquid solid formation land resource method
JP2011212561A (en) Water cleaning/green planting material
JP2012115830A (en) Adsorbent using dehydration sludge as raw material, method for production thereof, and adsorbent-containing article
Eljamal et al. Product rich in phosphorus produced from phosphorus-contaminated water
CN108975626A (en) A kind of landscape water treatment device with recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus effect
WO2011147093A1 (en) System and method for oxidizing methane
CN203333383U (en) Purification testing apparatus for constructed wetland mixed with nanofiller
CN210974092U (en) Constructed wetland filler unit based on biomass charcoal functional filler
CN110665461B (en) Nitrogen and phosphorus removal adsorbent, nitrogen and phosphorus removal bag, nitrogen and phosphorus removal tank and preparation method thereof
Meng et al. Nutrients adsorption characteristics and water retention capacity of polyurethane–biochar crosslinked material modified filler soil in stormwater treatment
KR101940248B1 (en) Plant soil comprising mixture of dredged soil and coffee sludge

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20130319

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821

Effective date: 20130319

RD04 Notification of resignation of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424

Effective date: 20130801

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20140207

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20140214

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20140822