JP2011200008A - Voltage adjustment system - Google Patents

Voltage adjustment system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2011200008A
JP2011200008A JP2010063396A JP2010063396A JP2011200008A JP 2011200008 A JP2011200008 A JP 2011200008A JP 2010063396 A JP2010063396 A JP 2010063396A JP 2010063396 A JP2010063396 A JP 2010063396A JP 2011200008 A JP2011200008 A JP 2011200008A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cell
voltage
voltage value
adjustment
battery cells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2010063396A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP5601568B2 (en
Inventor
Ryoma Nishimura
怜馬 西村
Shigeaki Kurita
茂明 栗田
Atsushi Mori
淳 森
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isuzu Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Isuzu Motors Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isuzu Motors Ltd filed Critical Isuzu Motors Ltd
Priority to JP2010063396A priority Critical patent/JP5601568B2/en
Publication of JP2011200008A publication Critical patent/JP2011200008A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5601568B2 publication Critical patent/JP5601568B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently adjust the voltage value differences among a plurality of battery cells which are serially connected.SOLUTION: The voltage adjustment system 1 includes switches SW1 to SW4, SW11 to SW15 and a control unit 6. The detecting part 8 of the control unit 6 detects the voltage value of cells Ca to Cd connected in series. A determination part 9 extracts the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum voltage value. A controller 10 executes adjustment processing relative to the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell, by controlling the switches SW1 to SW4, SW11 to SW15. In this adjustment processing, the maximum voltage cell is connected in parallel to the minimum voltage cell.

Description

本発明は、直列接続された複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a voltage adjustment system that adjusts a difference in voltage value between a plurality of battery cells connected in series.

特開２００７−３１１３３５号公報には、複数のセルを具備する燃料電池において、各セルの電圧を周期的に測定して、測定された電圧が所定の電圧より低い性能低下セルが検出された場合、性能低下セルに近接する近接セルを性能低下セルと並列連結させることによって、燃料電池の性能を改善する回路連結制御システムが記載されている。   Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-31335 discloses a case where, in a fuel cell having a plurality of cells, the voltage of each cell is periodically measured, and a performance-decreasing cell whose detected voltage is lower than a predetermined voltage is detected. A circuit connection control system is described that improves the performance of a fuel cell by connecting in parallel proximity cells adjacent to the degraded cell to the degraded cell.

特開２００７−３１１３３５号公報JP 2007-31335 A

一般に、複数の電池セルを直列接続して所望の出力を得ている組電池では、充放電を繰り返すうちに複数の電池セルの容量にばらつきが生じ、組電池一体で充放電させると、容量の小さい電池セルは過充電や過放電を引き起こして性能が劣化し、組電池全体の充放電可能容量の低下や寿命の低下等を招く。このため、複数の電池セル間の電圧値の差が低減するように調整することが望ましい。   In general, in an assembled battery in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series to obtain a desired output, the capacity of the plurality of battery cells varies as charging and discharging are repeated. Small battery cells cause overcharging and overdischarging, resulting in deterioration of performance, leading to a decrease in chargeable / dischargeable capacity and a decrease in life of the entire assembled battery. For this reason, it is desirable to adjust so that the difference of the voltage value between several battery cells may reduce.

しかし、上記特開２００７−３１１３３５号公報に記載された制御システムでは、例えば、性能低下セルの電圧値を回復させるために並列連結させる近接セルの電圧値も低下している場合は、性能低下セルの電圧値が十分に増大しないので、燃料電池を構成する複数のセル間の電圧値の差を低減させることはできない。   However, in the control system described in the above Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-31335, for example, when the voltage value of neighboring cells connected in parallel to recover the voltage value of the performance-decreasing cell is also reduced, the performance-decreasing cell Is not sufficiently increased, it is not possible to reduce the difference in voltage value between a plurality of cells constituting the fuel cell.

そこで、本発明は、直列接続された複数の電池セル間の電圧値の差を効率よく調整することが可能な電圧調整システムの提供を目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the voltage adjustment system which can adjust efficiently the difference of the voltage value between the some battery cells connected in series.

上記目的を達成すべく、本発明の第１の態様は、直列接続された複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムであって、複数の調整回路と複数スイッチと検出手段と判定手段と制御手段とを備える。   In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is a voltage adjustment system that adjusts a difference in voltage value between a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and includes a plurality of adjustment circuits, a plurality of switches, and detection means. And determining means and control means.

複数の調整回路は、複数の電池セルから抽出される２つの電池セルの全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、上記抽出される２つの電池セルを同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する。複数のスイッチは、上記抽出される２つの電池セルの組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、調整位置と非調整位置とに選択的に設定される。調整位置のスイッチは、対応する調整回路を機能させ、非調整位置のスイッチは、対応する調整回路を機能させない。   The plurality of adjustment circuits are provided corresponding to all combinations of two battery cells extracted from the plurality of battery cells, respectively, and connect the two extracted battery cells in a parallel state in which the same poles are energized. . The plurality of switches are respectively provided corresponding to the combination of the two extracted battery cells, and are selectively set to the adjustment position and the non-adjustment position. The switch at the adjustment position causes the corresponding adjustment circuit to function, and the switch at the non-adjustment position does not cause the corresponding adjustment circuit to function.

検出手段は、複数の電池セルの各電圧値を検出する。判定手段は、検出手段が検出した電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。上記最大電圧セルと上記最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると判定手段が判定したとき、制御手段は、複数のスイッチのうち上記最大電圧セルと上記最小電圧セルとの組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを上記調整位置に設定する。   The detection means detects each voltage value of the plurality of battery cells. The determination means determines whether or not a difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value detected by the detection means and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage value. When the determination unit determines that the difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the control unit includes the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell among the plurality of switches. Only the switch corresponding to the combination is set to the adjustment position.

上記構成では、判定手段は、複数の電池セルの中から、電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとを抽出し、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。この電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えると、制御手段は、これら最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを調整位置に設定する。これにより、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとが並列に接続する調整回路が機能し、最大電圧セルから最小電圧セルへの放電が行われ、最大電圧セルの電圧値が低下し、最小電圧セルの電圧値が上昇して、両セルの電圧値は平均化される。従って、複数の電池セル間の電圧値の差を効率よく調整することができる。   In the above configuration, the determination means extracts the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum voltage value from the plurality of battery cells, and the difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell. It is determined whether or not exceeds a predetermined voltage value. When the difference between the voltage values exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the control means sets only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell to the adjustment position. As a result, an adjustment circuit in which the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell are connected in parallel functions, and the discharge from the maximum voltage cell to the minimum voltage cell is performed, the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell decreases, and the minimum voltage cell As the voltage value rises, the voltage values of both cells are averaged. Therefore, the difference in voltage value between the plurality of battery cells can be adjusted efficiently.

本発明の第２の態様は、直列接続された４つ以上の複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムであって、複数の調整回路と複数のスイッチと検出手段と判定手段と制御手段とを備える。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a voltage adjustment system for adjusting a difference in voltage value between a plurality of battery cells connected in series of four or more, wherein a plurality of adjustment circuits, a plurality of switches, and detection means are determined. Means and control means.

複数の調整回路は、複数の電池セルからそれぞれ抽出される所定数の電池セルが構成する２つのセル群の全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、各セル群を構成する複数の電池セルを、１つの電池セルの正極と他の１つの電池セルの負極とを開放した状態で直列接続するとともに、当該２つのセル群を、上記開放された４つの電極の同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する。複数のスイッチは、上記２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、調整位置と非調整位置とに選択的に設定される。調整位置のスイッチは、対応する調整回路を機能させ、非調整位置のスイッチは、対応する調整回路を機能させない。   The plurality of adjustment circuits are provided corresponding to all combinations of two cell groups formed by a predetermined number of battery cells respectively extracted from the plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells constituting each cell group are provided. A parallel state in which the positive electrode of one battery cell and the negative electrode of another battery cell are connected in series and the two cell groups are electrically connected to each other by the same polarity of the four open electrodes. Connect with. The plurality of switches are respectively provided corresponding to the combination of the two cell groups, and are selectively set to the adjustment position and the non-adjustment position. The switch at the adjustment position causes the corresponding adjustment circuit to function, and the switch at the non-adjustment position does not cause the corresponding adjustment circuit to function.

検出手段は、複数の電池セルの各電圧値を検出する。判定手段は、複数の電池セルの中から、検出手段が検出した電圧値が大きい方から順に上記所定数の電池セルを最大電圧セル群として、小さい方から順に上記所定数の電池セルを最小電圧セル群としてそれぞれ抽出し、上記最大電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最小の電池セルと上記最小電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最大の電池セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。上記２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると判定手段が判定したとき、制御手段は、複数のスイッチのうち上記最大電圧セル群と上記最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを上記調整位置に設定する。   The detection means detects each voltage value of the plurality of battery cells. The determination means sets the predetermined number of battery cells as a maximum voltage cell group in order from the largest voltage value detected by the detection means among the plurality of battery cells, and sets the predetermined number of battery cells to the minimum voltage in order from the smallest. Extracted as a cell group, and the voltage value between the battery cell with the smallest voltage value among the battery cells contained in the maximum voltage cell group and the battery cell with the largest voltage value among the battery cells contained in the minimum voltage cell group It is determined whether the difference between the two exceeds a predetermined voltage value. When the determination means determines that the difference between the voltage values of the two battery cells exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the control means corresponds to a combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group among a plurality of switches. Set only the switch to be adjusted to the adjustment position.

上記構成では、判定手段は、複数の電池セルの中から、電圧値が大きい方から順に所定数の電池セルを最大電圧セル群として、小さいほうから順に所定数の電池セルを最小電圧セル群として抽出し、最大電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最小の電池セルと最小電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最大の電池セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。これら２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えると、制御手段は、これら最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを調整位置に設定する。これにより、最大電圧セル群を構成する所定数の電池セルと最小電圧セル群を構成する所定数の電池セルとはそれぞれ、１つの電池セルの正極と他の１つの電池セルの負極とを開放した状態で直列接続されるとともに、これら最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群とが並列に接続する調整回路が機能する。その結果、最大電圧セル群から最小電圧セル群への放電が行われ、最大電圧セル群の合計電圧値が低下し、最小電圧セル群の合計電圧値が上昇して、両セル群の合計電圧値が平均化される。すなわち、最大電圧セル群を構成する電池セルから最小電圧セル群を構成する電池セルへの放電が行われ、最大電圧セル群を構成する電池セルの各電圧値が低下し、最小電圧セル群を構成する電池セルの各電圧値が上昇して、両セル群を構成する電池セルの各電圧値は平均化される。このように、所定数の電池セルが包括して処理されるため、複数の電池セル間の電圧値の差を効率よく調整することができ、また調整に要する時間の短縮化を図ることができる。   In the above-described configuration, the determination unit includes a predetermined number of battery cells as a maximum voltage cell group in order from a larger voltage value among a plurality of battery cells, and a predetermined number of battery cells as a minimum voltage cell group in ascending order. The difference between the voltage value of the battery cell having the smallest voltage value and the battery cell having the largest voltage value among the battery cells included in the smallest voltage cell group is extracted from the battery cells included in the largest voltage cell group. It is determined whether or not it exceeds. When the difference between the voltage values of these two battery cells exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the control means sets only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group to the adjustment position. As a result, the predetermined number of battery cells constituting the maximum voltage cell group and the predetermined number of battery cells constituting the minimum voltage cell group open the positive electrode of one battery cell and the negative electrode of the other battery cell, respectively. In this state, an adjustment circuit in which the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group are connected in parallel functions. As a result, discharge from the maximum voltage cell group to the minimum voltage cell group occurs, the total voltage value of the maximum voltage cell group decreases, the total voltage value of the minimum voltage cell group increases, and the total voltage of both cell groups Values are averaged. That is, discharging from the battery cells constituting the maximum voltage cell group to the battery cells constituting the minimum voltage cell group is performed, and each voltage value of the battery cells constituting the maximum voltage cell group decreases, and the minimum voltage cell group is Each voltage value of the battery cell which comprises is raised, and each voltage value of the battery cell which comprises both cell groups is averaged. As described above, since a predetermined number of battery cells are comprehensively processed, the difference in voltage value between the plurality of battery cells can be adjusted efficiently, and the time required for the adjustment can be shortened. .

本発明の第３の態様は、直列接続された４つ以上の複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムであって、複数の第１の調整回路と複数の第１のスイッチと複数の第２の調整回路と複数の第２のスイッチと検出手段と第１の判定手段と第２の判定手段と制御手段とを備える。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a voltage adjustment system for adjusting a difference in voltage value between a plurality of battery cells that are connected in series of four or more, the plurality of first adjustment circuits and the plurality of first ones. A switch, a plurality of second adjustment circuits, a plurality of second switches, a detection unit, a first determination unit, a second determination unit, and a control unit.

複数の第１の調整回路は、複数の電池セルから抽出される２つの電池セルの全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記抽出される２つの電池セルを同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する。複数の第１のスイッチは、上記抽出される２つの電池セルの組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、第１の調整位置と非調整位置とに選択的に設定される。第１の調整位置のスイッチは、対応する第１の調整回路を機能させ、非調整位置のスイッチは、対応する第１の調整回路を機能させない。複数の第２の調整回路は、複数の電池セルからそれぞれ抽出される所定数の電池セルが構成する２つのセル群の全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、各セル群を構成する複数の電池セルを、１つの電池セルの正極と他の１つの電池セルの負極とを開放した状態で直列接続するとともに、当該２つのセル群を、上記開放された４つの電極の同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する。複数の第２のスイッチは、上記２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、第２の調整位置と非調整位置とに選択的に設定される。第２の調整位置は、対応する第２の調整回路を機能させ、非調整位置のスイッチは、対応する第２の調整回路を機能させない。   The plurality of first adjustment circuits are provided corresponding to all combinations of two battery cells extracted from the plurality of battery cells, respectively, and a parallel state in which the same polarity is applied to the two extracted battery cells Connect with. The plurality of first switches are respectively provided corresponding to the combination of the two extracted battery cells, and are selectively set to the first adjustment position and the non-adjustment position. The switch at the first adjustment position causes the corresponding first adjustment circuit to function, and the switch at the non-adjustment position does not cause the corresponding first adjustment circuit to function. The plurality of second adjustment circuits are respectively provided corresponding to all combinations of two cell groups constituted by a predetermined number of battery cells respectively extracted from the plurality of battery cells, and a plurality of second adjustment circuits constituting each cell group The battery cells are connected in series with the positive electrode of one battery cell and the negative electrode of the other one battery cell open, and the two cell groups are connected to the same polarity of the four open electrodes. Connect in parallel. The plurality of second switches are respectively provided corresponding to the combination of the two cell groups, and are selectively set to the second adjustment position and the non-adjustment position. The second adjustment position causes the corresponding second adjustment circuit to function, and the non-adjustment position switch does not cause the corresponding second adjustment circuit to function.

検出手段は、上記複数の電池セルの各電圧値を検出する。第１の判定手段は、検出手段が検出した電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。第２の判定手段は、複数の電池セルの中から、検出手段が検出した電圧値が大きい方から順に上記所定数の電池セルを最大電圧セル群として、小さい方から順に上記所定数の電池セルを最小電圧セル群としてそれぞれ抽出し、上記最大電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最小の電池セルと上記最小電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最大の電池セルとの電圧値の差が上記所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。制御手段は、上記最大電圧セルと上記最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると第１の判定手段が判定し、且つ上記２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値以下であると第２の判定手段が判定したとき、複数のスイッチのうち上記最大電圧セルと上記最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを上記第１の調整位置に設定し、上記２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると第２の判定手段が判定したとき、複数のスイッチのうち上記最大電圧セル群と上記最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを上記第２の調整位置に設定する。   The detection means detects each voltage value of the plurality of battery cells. The first determination means determines whether or not a difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value detected by the detection means and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum value exceeds a predetermined voltage value. The second determination means includes, as a maximum voltage cell group, the predetermined number of battery cells in order from the largest voltage value detected by the detection means among the plurality of battery cells, and the predetermined number of battery cells in order from the smallest. Are extracted as the minimum voltage cell group, the battery cell having the minimum voltage value among the battery cells included in the maximum voltage cell group, and the battery cell having the maximum voltage value among the battery cells included in the minimum voltage cell group, It is determined whether or not the voltage value difference exceeds the predetermined voltage value. The control means determines that the first determination means determines that the voltage value difference between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell exceeds a predetermined voltage value, and the difference between the voltage values of the two battery cells is predetermined. When the second determination means determines that the voltage value is equal to or lower than the voltage value, only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell among the plurality of switches is set to the first adjustment position, and the 2 When the second determination means determines that the difference between the voltage values of two battery cells exceeds a predetermined voltage value, only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group among the plurality of switches Is set to the second adjustment position.

上記構成では、第１の判定手段が、複数の電池セルの中から、電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとを抽出し、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差（第１の電圧値の差）が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定するとともに、第２の判定手段が、複数の電池セルの中から、電圧値が大きい方から順に所定数の電池セルを最大電圧セル群として、小さいほうから順に所定数の電池セルを最小電圧セル群として抽出し、最大電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最小の電池セルと最小電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最大の電池セルとの電圧値の差（第２の電圧値の差）が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する。第１の電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると第１の判定手段が判定し、且つ第２の電圧値の差が所定電圧値以下であると第２の判定手段が判定したときは、制御手段は、これら最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを第１の調整位置に設定する。これにより、これら最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとが並列に接続する調整回路が機能し、最大電圧セルから最小電圧セルへの放電が行われ、最大電圧セルの電圧値が低下し、最小電圧セルの電圧値が上昇して、両セルの電圧値は平均化される。一方、第１の電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると第１の判定手段が判定し、且つ第２の電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると第２の判定手段が判定したときは、制御手段は、これら最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを第２の調整位置に設定する。これにより、最大電圧セル群を構成する所定数の電池セルと最小電圧セル群を構成する所定数の電池セルとはそれぞれ、１つの電池セルの正極と他の１つの電池セルの負極とを開放した状態で直列接続されるとともに、これら最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群とが並列に接続する調整回路が機能する。その結果、最大電圧セル群から最小電圧セル群への放電が行われ、最大電圧セル群の合計電圧値が低下し、最小電圧セル群の合計電圧値が上昇して、両セル群の合計電圧値が平均化される。すなわち、最大電圧セル群を構成する電池セルから最小電圧セル群を構成する電池セルへの放電が行われ、最大電圧セル群を構成する電池セルの各電圧値が低下し、最小電圧セル群を構成する電池セルの各電圧値が上昇して、両セル群を構成する電池セルの各電圧値は平均化される。このように、２つの電池セル間で処理を行うか、２つの所定数のセル群間で処理を行うかが選択されて処理されるため、複数の電池セル間の電圧値の差を効率よく調整することができる。   In the above configuration, the first determination unit extracts the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum voltage value from the plurality of battery cells, and the voltage between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell is extracted. It is determined whether or not the difference in values (difference in the first voltage value) exceeds a predetermined voltage value, and the second determination means is predetermined from the plurality of battery cells in descending order of the voltage value. A number of battery cells as the maximum voltage cell group, a predetermined number of battery cells are extracted as the minimum voltage cell group in order from the smallest, and the battery cell with the minimum voltage value and the minimum voltage among the battery cells included in the maximum voltage cell group It is determined whether the voltage value difference (second voltage value difference) with the battery cell having the maximum voltage value among the battery cells included in the cell group exceeds a predetermined voltage value. When the first determination means determines that the first voltage value difference exceeds the predetermined voltage value, and the second determination means determines that the second voltage value difference is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value The control means sets only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell to the first adjustment position. As a result, an adjustment circuit in which the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell are connected in parallel functions, and discharge from the maximum voltage cell to the minimum voltage cell is performed, so that the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell decreases, and the minimum voltage cell As the voltage value increases, the voltage values of both cells are averaged. On the other hand, the first determination means determines that the difference between the first voltage values exceeds a predetermined voltage value, and the second determination means determines that the difference between the second voltage values exceeds a predetermined voltage value. When the determination is made, the control means sets only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group to the second adjustment position. As a result, the predetermined number of battery cells constituting the maximum voltage cell group and the predetermined number of battery cells constituting the minimum voltage cell group open the positive electrode of one battery cell and the negative electrode of the other battery cell, respectively. In this state, an adjustment circuit in which the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group are connected in parallel functions. As a result, discharge from the maximum voltage cell group to the minimum voltage cell group occurs, the total voltage value of the maximum voltage cell group decreases, the total voltage value of the minimum voltage cell group increases, and the total voltage of both cell groups Values are averaged. That is, discharging from the battery cells constituting the maximum voltage cell group to the battery cells constituting the minimum voltage cell group is performed, and each voltage value of the battery cells constituting the maximum voltage cell group decreases, and the minimum voltage cell group is Each voltage value of the battery cell which comprises is raised, and each voltage value of the battery cell which comprises both cell groups is averaged. As described above, since processing is performed by selecting whether processing is performed between two battery cells or processing between two predetermined number of cell groups, a difference in voltage value between a plurality of battery cells is efficiently handled. Can be adjusted.

本発明の第４の態様は、上記第１又は第３の態様に記載の電圧調整システムであって、制御手段は、上記最大電圧セルと上記最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチを上記調整位置に設定した後、上記最大電圧セルの電圧値と上記最小電圧セルの電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、当該２つの電圧値が平均化されたと判断したときに上記調整位置に設定したスイッチを上記非調整位置に戻す。   A fourth aspect of the present invention is the voltage adjustment system according to the first or third aspect, wherein the control means sets a switch corresponding to a combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell to the adjustment position. Is determined, the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the voltage value of the minimum voltage cell are averaged, and when it is determined that the two voltage values are averaged, the adjustment position is set. Return the set switch to the non-adjusted position.

上記構成では、制御手段は、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチを調整位置又は第１の調整位置に設定した後、これら２つの電池セルの電圧値が平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、対応するスイッチを調整位置又は第１の調整位置から非調整位置に戻す。従って、それぞれのスイッチが設定され接続される２つの電池セルの電圧値を確実に平均化することができ、また、平均化に要する時間の短縮化を図ることができる。   In the above configuration, the control means sets whether or not the voltage values of these two battery cells are averaged after setting the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell to the adjustment position or the first adjustment position. When the average is determined, the corresponding switch is returned from the adjustment position or the first adjustment position to the non-adjustment position. Therefore, the voltage values of the two battery cells to which the respective switches are set and connected can be reliably averaged, and the time required for averaging can be shortened.

本発明の第５の態様は、上記第２又は第３の態様に記載の電圧調整システムであって、
制御手段は、上記最大電圧セル群と上記最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチを上記調整位置に設定した後、上記最大電圧セル群の合計電圧値と上記最小電圧セル群の合計電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、当該２つの合計電圧値が平均化されたと判断したときに上記調整位置に設定したスイッチを上記非調整位置に戻す。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the voltage regulation system according to the second or third aspect,
The control means sets a switch corresponding to a combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group at the adjustment position, and then sets a total voltage value of the maximum voltage cell group and a total voltage value of the minimum voltage cell group. Is determined to be averaged, and when it is determined that the two total voltage values are averaged, the switch set to the adjustment position is returned to the non-adjustment position.

上記構成では、制御手段は、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチを調整位置又は第２の調整位置に設定した後、これら２つの電池セル群の合計電圧値が平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、対応するスイッチを調整位置又は第２の調整位置から非調整位置に戻す。従って、それぞれのスイッチが設定され接続される２つのセル群の合計電圧値を確実に平均化することができ、また、平均化に要する時間の短縮化を図ることができる。   In the above configuration, the control means sets the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group to the adjustment position or the second adjustment position, and then averages the total voltage value of these two battery cell groups. If it is determined whether or not it has been averaged, the corresponding switch is returned from the adjustment position or the second adjustment position to the non-adjustment position. Therefore, the total voltage value of the two cell groups to which the respective switches are set and connected can be surely averaged, and the time required for the averaging can be shortened.

本発明によれば、直列接続された複数の電池セル間の電圧値の差を効率よく調整することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the difference of the voltage value between the some battery cells connected in series can be adjusted efficiently.

第１実施形態の電圧調整システムの構成図である。It is a lineblock diagram of the voltage regulation system of a 1st embodiment. 第１実施形態の電圧調整処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the voltage adjustment process of 1st Embodiment. セルＣａとセルＣｂとの間の調整処理を実行した後に、セルＣｃとセルＣｄとの間の調整処理を実行した場合のセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄの変遷を示す図である。It is a figure which shows transition of voltage value Va-Vd of cell Ca-Cd at the time of performing the adjustment process between the cell Cc and the cell Cd after performing the adjustment process between the cell Ca and the cell Cb. 第２実施形態の電圧調整システムの構成図であり、セルＣａ及びセルＣｄで構成される最大電圧セル群とセルＣｂ及びセルＣｃで構成される最小電圧セル群との間の調整処理を実行している状態を示す。It is a block diagram of the voltage adjustment system of 2nd Embodiment, and performs the adjustment process between the maximum voltage cell group comprised by the cell Ca and the cell Cd, and the minimum voltage cell group comprised by the cell Cb and the cell Cc. It shows the state. 第２実施形態の電圧調整処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the voltage adjustment process of 2nd Embodiment.

以下、本発明の第１実施形態の電圧調整システムについて図面を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, a voltage regulation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１に示すように、電圧調整システム１は、複数の電池セル（二次電池セル）Ｃａ〜Ｃｄ間の電圧値の差を調整するものであり、電池セルＣａ〜Ｃｄとともに車両に搭載される。電池セルＣａ〜Ｃｄは、直列接続され、二次電池として車両の駆動用のモータや車載電装品などの負荷回路２に電力を供給する。なお、電池セルＣａ〜Ｃｄは、発電機などの充電回路３に接続されてもよく、また、モータは、発電機能を併有するモータジェネレータであってもよい。   As shown in FIG. 1, the voltage adjustment system 1 adjusts a difference in voltage value between a plurality of battery cells (secondary battery cells) Ca to Cd, and is mounted on the vehicle together with the battery cells Ca to Cd. . The battery cells Ca to Cd are connected in series, and supply power to the load circuit 2 such as a vehicle driving motor or an in-vehicle electrical component as a secondary battery. The battery cells Ca to Cd may be connected to a charging circuit 3 such as a generator, and the motor may be a motor generator having both power generation functions.

図１に示すように、本実施形態では４つの電池セルＣａ〜Ｃｄが車両に搭載され、電圧調整システムは、電池側スイッチ群４と、調整側スイッチ群５と、制御ユニット６とを有する。電池側スイッチ群４は、４つのスイッチＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４を有し、調整側スイッチ群５は５つのスイッチＳＷ１１〜ＳＷ１５を有する。なお、以下において、電池セルを単にセルと略称して説明する。   As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, four battery cells Ca to Cd are mounted on a vehicle, and the voltage adjustment system includes a battery side switch group 4, an adjustment side switch group 5, and a control unit 6. The battery side switch group 4 has four switches SW1 to SW4, and the adjustment side switch group 5 has five switches SW11 to SW15. In the following description, the battery cell is simply abbreviated as a cell.

セルＣａ〜Ｃｄと調整側スイッチ群５（スイッチＳＷ１１〜ＳＷ１５）とは、５本の接続線１２（第１接続線１３〜第５接続線１７）を介して接続される。第１接続線１３は、セルＣａの正極に接続されるとともに、スイッチＳＷ２〜ＳＷ４を介してセルＣｂ〜Ｃｄの正極にそれぞれ接続される。第２接続線１４は、スイッチＳＷ１を介してセルＣａの負極に接続されるとともに、スイッチＳＷ２を介してセルＣｂの正極に接続される。第３接続線１５は、セルＣｂの負極に接続されるとともに、スイッチＳＷ３を介してセルＣｃの正極に接続される。第４接続線１６は、セルＣｃの負極に接続されるとともに、スイッチＳＷ４を介してセルＣｄの正極に接続される。第５接続線１７はセルＣｄの正極に接続される。   The cells Ca to Cd and the adjustment-side switch group 5 (switches SW11 to SW15) are connected via five connection lines 12 (first connection line 13 to fifth connection line 17). The first connection line 13 is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Ca and also connected to the positive electrodes of the cells Cb to Cd via the switches SW2 to SW4. The second connection line 14 is connected to the negative electrode of the cell Ca via the switch SW1, and is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cb via the switch SW2. The third connection line 15 is connected to the negative electrode of the cell Cb and is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cc via the switch SW3. The fourth connection line 16 is connected to the negative electrode of the cell Cc and is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cd via the switch SW4. The fifth connection line 17 is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cd.

電池側スイッチ群４のスイッチＳＷ１は、２つの接点を有し、２つの接点同士を接続する接続位置（第１接続位置）と、２つの接点間を遮断する中立位置との何れかの位置に設定可能な２路スイッチである。スイッチＳＷ２〜ＳＷ４は、基本接点と第１接点と第２接点とを有し、基本接点を第１接点に接続する第１接続位置と、基本接点を第２接点に接続する第２接続位置と、基本接点を第１接点及び第２接点の何れにも接続しない中立位置との何れかの位置に設定可能な３路スイッチである。   The switch SW1 of the battery-side switch group 4 has two contact points, and is located at any one of a connection position (first connection position) for connecting the two contact points and a neutral position for blocking between the two contact points. It is a two-way switch that can be set. The switches SW2 to SW4 have a basic contact, a first contact, and a second contact, a first connection position that connects the basic contact to the first contact, and a second connection position that connects the basic contact to the second contact. The three-way switch can be set to any position of the neutral position where the basic contact is not connected to either the first contact or the second contact.

スイッチＳＷ１の一方の接点１ａは、スイッチＳＷ２の第２接点２ｂと第２接続線１４とに接続され、他方の接点１ｂは、セルＣａの負極に接続される。スイッチＳＷ２の基本接点２ａは、セルＣｂの正極に接続され、第１接点２ｂは、スイッチＳＷ１の接点１ａと第２接続線１４とに接続され、第２接点２ｃは、第１接続線１３に接続される。スイッチＳＷ３の基本接点３ａは、セルＣｃの正極に接続され、第１接点３ｂは、セルＣｂの負極と第３接続線１５とに接続され、第２接点３ｃは、第１接続線１３に接続される。スイッチＳＷ４の基本接点４ａは、セルＣｄの正極に接続され、第１接点４ｂは、セルＣｃの負極と第４接続線１６とに接続される。   One contact 1a of the switch SW1 is connected to the second contact 2b and the second connection line 14 of the switch SW2, and the other contact 1b is connected to the negative electrode of the cell Ca. The basic contact 2a of the switch SW2 is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cb, the first contact 2b is connected to the contact 1a of the switch SW1 and the second connection line 14, and the second contact 2c is connected to the first connection line 13. Connected. The basic contact 3a of the switch SW3 is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cc, the first contact 3b is connected to the negative electrode of the cell Cb and the third connection line 15, and the second contact 3c is connected to the first connection line 13. Is done. The basic contact 4a of the switch SW4 is connected to the positive electrode of the cell Cd, and the first contact 4b is connected to the negative electrode of the cell Cc and the fourth connection line 16.

スイッチＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４が全て第１接続位置に設定される（接点１ａ〜４ａと接点１ｂ〜４ｂとがそれぞれ接続される）と、セルＣａ〜Ｃｄ間は直列接続される。一方、スイッチＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４の何れかが第１接続位置以外の位置に設定されると、セルＣａ〜Ｃｄ間の直列接続は遮断される。従って、モータや発電機等との間でセルＣａ〜Ｃｄに対する放充電が行われており、且つ後述する電圧調整処理が実行されていない通常状態のスイッチＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４は、制御ユニット６によって、第１接続位置に設定され維持される。また、電圧調整処理の実行中において、スイッチＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４のうち調整処理対象となる２つのセルの組み合わせに対応しないスイッチは、制御ユニット６によって、中立位置に設定される。   When switches SW1 to SW4 are all set to the first connection position (contacts 1a to 4a and contacts 1b to 4b are respectively connected), cells Ca to Cd are connected in series. On the other hand, when any of the switches SW1 to SW4 is set to a position other than the first connection position, the series connection between the cells Ca to Cd is interrupted. Accordingly, the switches SW1 to SW4 in the normal state in which the cells Ca to Cd are discharged and charged with the motor, the generator, and the like and the voltage adjustment process described later is not executed are performed by the control unit 6 by the control unit 6. One connection position is set and maintained. In addition, during the voltage adjustment process, the switch that does not correspond to the combination of the two cells to be adjusted among the switches SW1 to SW4 is set to the neutral position by the control unit 6.

調整側スイッチ群５のスイッチＳＷ１１〜ＳＷ１５は、基本接点と第１接点と第２接点とを有し、基本接点を第１接点に接続する第１接続位置と、基本接点を第２接点に接続する第２接続位置と、基本接点を第１接点及び第２接点の何れにも接続しない中立位置との何れかの位置に設定可能な３路スイッチである。   The switches SW11 to SW15 of the adjustment-side switch group 5 have a basic contact, a first contact, and a second contact, a first connection position for connecting the basic contact to the first contact, and a basic contact to the second contact. This is a three-way switch that can be set to any one of a second connection position to be set and a neutral position in which the basic contact is not connected to either the first contact or the second contact.

スイッチＳＷ１１〜ＳＷ１５の基本接点１１ａ〜１５ａは、第１接続線１３〜第５接続線１７にそれぞれ接続され、第１接点１１ｂ〜１５ｂは、第６接続線１８にそれぞれ接続され、第２接点１１ｃ〜１５ｃは、第７接続線１９にそれぞれ接続される。後述する電圧調整処理が実行されていない通常状態のスイッチＳＷ１１〜ＳＷ１５は、制御ユニット６によって、中立位置（非調整位置）に設定され維持される。   The basic contacts 11a to 15a of the switches SW11 to SW15 are connected to the first connection line 13 to the fifth connection line 17, respectively, the first contacts 11b to 15b are connected to the sixth connection line 18, and the second contact 11c. ˜15c are connected to the seventh connection line 19, respectively. The switches SW11 to SW15 in a normal state in which a voltage adjustment process to be described later is not executed are set and maintained at the neutral position (non-adjusted position) by the control unit 6.

スイッチＳＷ１が第１接続位置に設定され（接点１ａと接点１ｂとが接続され）、スイッチＳＷ２が第２接続位置に設定され（基本接点２ａと第２接点２ｃとが接続され）、スイッチＳＷ１２が第２接続位置に設定され（基本接点１２ａと第２接点１２ｃとが接続され）、スイッチＳＷ１３が第２接続位置に設定される（基本接点１３ａと第２接点１３ｃとが接続される）と、セルＣａとセルＣｂとは両セルの同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続される。並列状態に接続されたセルＣａとセルＣｂとの電圧値に差がある場合、電圧値が大きいセルは放電し小さいセルは充電されて、セルＣａとセルＣｂとの電圧値は、両セルの平均電圧値に近づくように調整される。すなわち、スイッチＳＷ１が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ２が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１２が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１３が第２接続位置にそれぞれ設定されることによって形成される回路は、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する調整回路として機能し、スイッチＳＷ１、スイッチＳＷ２、スイッチＳＷ１２、及びスイッチＳＷ１３は、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する調整用スイッチとして機能する。この場合、スイッチＳＷ１の第１接続位置、スイッチＳＷ２の第２接続位置、スイッチＳＷ１２の第２接続位置、及びスイッチＳＷ１３の第２接続位置が、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する調整回路を機能させる調整位置である。また、上記以外の他の２つのセルの全ての組み合わせについても、その詳細な説明は省略するが、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせと同様に対応する調整回路が形成可能であり、調整用スイッチとして機能するスイッチ及びその調整位置が決定する。   Switch SW1 is set to the first connection position (contact 1a and contact 1b are connected), switch SW2 is set to the second connection position (basic contact 2a and second contact 2c are connected), and switch SW12 is When the second connection position is set (the basic contact 12a and the second contact 12c are connected) and the switch SW13 is set to the second connection position (the basic contact 13a and the second contact 13c are connected), Cell Ca and cell Cb are connected in a parallel state in which the same polarity of both cells is energized. When there is a difference in the voltage value between the cell Ca and the cell Cb connected in parallel, the cell with the large voltage value is discharged and the cell with the small voltage is charged, and the voltage value between the cell Ca and the cell Cb is It is adjusted to approach the average voltage value. That is, the circuit formed by setting the switch SW1 to the first connection position, the switch SW2 to the second connection position, the switch SW12 to the second connection position, and the switch SW13 to the second connection position The switch SW1, the switch SW2, the switch SW12, and the switch SW13 function as an adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. In this case, an adjustment circuit in which the first connection position of the switch SW1, the second connection position of the switch SW2, the second connection position of the switch SW12, and the second connection position of the switch SW13 corresponds to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. This is the adjustment position to function. Further, the detailed description of all the combinations of the other two cells other than the above is omitted, but a corresponding adjustment circuit can be formed in the same manner as the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. The functioning switch and its adjustment position are determined.

なお、２つのセルの組み合わせに対応する調整回路は、１つの経路に限定されず、複数の異なる経路で形成可能である。例えば、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する上記調整用スイッチのうち、スイッチＳＷ１２及びスイッチＳＷ１３の調整位置を第２接続位置から第１接続位置に切り替えた（基本接点１２ａ，１３ａと第１接点１２ｂ、１３ｂとがそれぞれ接続された）場合も、セルＣａとセルＣｂとは並列状態に接続される。すなわち、スイッチＳＷ１が第１接続位置、スイッチＳＷ２が第２接続位置、スイッチＳＷ１２及びスイッチＳＷ１３が第１接続位置にそれぞれ設定されることによって形成される回路も、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する調整回路として機能する。   Note that the adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of two cells is not limited to one path, and can be formed by a plurality of different paths. For example, among the adjustment switches corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb, the adjustment positions of the switch SW12 and the switch SW13 are switched from the second connection position to the first connection position (the basic contacts 12a and 13a and the first contact). 12b and 13b are also connected), the cell Ca and the cell Cb are connected in parallel. That is, the circuit formed by setting the switch SW1 to the first connection position, the switch SW2 to the second connection position, and the switches SW12 and SW13 to the first connection position also corresponds to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. Functions as an adjustment circuit.

制御ユニット６は、ＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）７と記憶部１１とを有する。記憶部１１は、例えばＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）やＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）などの記録媒体によって構成される。   The control unit 6 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 7 and a storage unit 11. The storage unit 11 is configured by a recording medium such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory).

記憶部１１には、電圧調整処理実行プログラムが記憶されている。ＣＰＵ７は、電圧調整処理実行プログラムに従って電圧調整処理を実行することにより、検出部８、判定部９及び制御部１０として機能する。また、記憶部１１には、各セルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値が逐次更新して記憶される電圧値記憶テーブルと、２つのセルの組み合わせに対応する調整用スイッチ及び調整位置が予め設定された調整スイッチ設定テーブルとが記憶されている。
上述のように、２つのセルの組み合わせに対応する調整回路は複数の異なる経路で形成可能であるため、調整スイッチ設定テーブルには、これら複数の経路のうち、任意の１つの経路が予め選択され、当該経路で形成される調整回路を機能させる調整用スイッチ及び調整位置が設定される。本実施形態では、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する調整用スイッチ及び調整位置として、スイッチＳＷ１（調整位置：第１接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ２（調整位置：第２接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ１２（調整位置：第２接続位置）、及びスイッチＳＷ１３（調整位置：第２接続位置）が設定されている。 The storage unit 11 stores a voltage adjustment process execution program. The CPU 7 functions as the detection unit 8, the determination unit 9, and the control unit 10 by executing the voltage adjustment process according to the voltage adjustment process execution program. In addition, the storage unit 11 includes a voltage value storage table in which the voltage values of the cells Ca to Cd are sequentially updated and stored, and adjustment switches and adjustment positions corresponding to combinations of the two cells are preset. A switch setting table is stored.
As described above, since the adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of two cells can be formed by a plurality of different paths, any one of the plurality of paths is preselected in the adjustment switch setting table. The adjustment switch and the adjustment position for functioning the adjustment circuit formed in the path are set. In the present embodiment, the switch SW1 (adjustment position: first connection position), switch SW2 (adjustment position: second connection position), switch SW12 (adjustment position and adjustment position corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb Adjustment position: second connection position) and switch SW13 (adjustment position: second connection position) are set.

検出部８は、各セルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを検出し、検出した電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを記憶部１１の電圧値記憶テーブルに逐次更新して記憶する。   The detection unit 8 detects the voltage values Va to Vd of the cells Ca to Cd, and sequentially updates and stores the detected voltage values Va to Vd in the voltage value storage table of the storage unit 11.

判定部９は、制御部１０が後述する調整処理を実行しているか否かを判定する。調整処理を実行していないと判定した場合、判定部９は、全てのセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの中から電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄが最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとを抽出し、これら２つのセルの電圧値の差ΔＶが所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する。具体的には、記憶部１１から各電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを読み出し、全ての電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄの中から最大電圧値と最小電圧値とを特定する。そして、判定部９は、最大電圧値と最小電圧値との差（最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとの電圧値との差ΔＶ）を算出し、算出した電圧値の差ΔＶが所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する。   The determination unit 9 determines whether or not the control unit 10 is executing an adjustment process described later. If it is determined that the adjustment process is not executed, the determination unit 9 extracts the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value Va to Vd and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum value from all the cells Ca to Cd. It is determined whether or not the difference ΔV between the voltage values of these two cells exceeds a predetermined voltage value Vs. Specifically, the voltage values Va to Vd are read from the storage unit 11, and the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value are specified from all the voltage values Va to Vd. Then, the determination unit 9 calculates a difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value (difference ΔV between the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell), and the difference ΔV of the calculated voltage value is the predetermined voltage value Vs. It is determined whether or not it exceeds.

制御部１０は、算出した電圧値の差ΔＶが所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えていると判定部９が判定したとき、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとを調整処理対象として調整処理を実行する。制御部１０は、調整スイッチ設定テーブルを参照して最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応する調整用スイッチを決定し、そのスイッチを調整位置に設定して最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとを並列に接続する調整回路を機能させ、最大電圧セルの電圧値と最小電圧セルの電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、調整位置に設定した最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応する調整用スイッチを調整位置から非調整位置に戻す。   When the determination unit 9 determines that the calculated voltage value difference ΔV exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs, the control unit 10 performs the adjustment process using the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell as adjustment processing targets. The control unit 10 determines an adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell with reference to the adjustment switch setting table, sets the switch to the adjustment position, and sets the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell. The adjustment circuit connected in parallel functions to determine whether the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the voltage value of the minimum voltage cell have been averaged. The adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell is returned from the adjustment position to the non-adjustment position.

最大電圧セルの電圧値と最小電圧セルの電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断する方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、最大電圧セルの電圧値と最小電圧セルの電圧値とを逐次検出し、２つの電圧値の差が所定電圧値Ｖｓ以下のときに平均化されたと判定する方法や、接続された調整回路の電流値を計測し、計測した電流値が所定の基準電流値以下のときに平均化されたと判定する方法や、電圧値の平均化に要する時間を基準時間として求めて設定し、調整処理の経過時間を計時し、計時した経過時間が基準時間に達したときに平均化されたと判定する方法など、様々な方法が適用可能である。   The method for determining whether the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the voltage value of the minimum voltage cell are averaged is not particularly limited. For example, the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the voltage value of the minimum voltage cell are not limited. Are sequentially detected, and when the difference between the two voltage values is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value Vs, the current value of the connected adjustment circuit is measured, and the measured current value is a predetermined reference The method of determining that the current is equal to or less than the current value and the time required to average the voltage value are obtained and set as the reference time, the elapsed time of the adjustment process is counted, and the elapsed time reaches the reference time. Various methods such as a method of determining that the data has been averaged can be applied.

以下、図２のフローチャートを用いて、ＣＰＵ７が実行する電圧調整処理について説明する。本処理は、車両の停止時などセルＣａ〜Ｃｄに対する放充電が行われていないことを条件に開始され、所定時間毎に実行される。なお、以下では、全てのセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの中で、セルＣａの電圧値が最大であり、セルＣｂの電圧値が最小である場合を想定して説明する。   Hereinafter, the voltage adjustment process executed by the CPU 7 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This process is started on the condition that the cells Ca to Cd are not charged or discharged, such as when the vehicle is stopped, and is executed every predetermined time. In the following description, it is assumed that the voltage value of the cell Ca is the maximum and the voltage value of the cell Cb is the minimum among all the cells Ca to Cd.

本処理が開始されると、判定部９は、制御部１０が調整処理を実行しているか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１）。   When this process is started, the determination unit 9 determines whether or not the control unit 10 is executing an adjustment process (step S1).

制御部１０が調整処理を実行していないと判定された場合（ステップＳ１：ＮＯ）、検出部８は、セルＣａ〜Ｃｄの各電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを検出し、検出した各セルの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを記憶部１１に記憶する（ステップＳ２）。   When it determines with the control part 10 not performing the adjustment process (step S1: NO), the detection part 8 detects each voltage value Va-Vd of cell Ca-Cd, and the detected voltage value of each cell Va to Vd are stored in the storage unit 11 (step S2).

次に、判定部９は、記憶部１１から各電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを読み出し、全ての電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄの中から最大電圧値Ｖａと最小電圧値Ｖｂとを抽出し（最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとを抽出し）、最大電圧値Ｖａと最小電圧値Ｖｂとの差（最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとの電圧値の差ΔＶ＝Ｖａ−Ｖｂ）を算出する（ステップＳ３）。   Next, the determination unit 9 reads out the voltage values Va to Vd from the storage unit 11, and extracts the maximum voltage value Va and the minimum voltage value Vb from all the voltage values Va to Vd (the maximum voltage cell Ca and The minimum voltage cell Cb is extracted), and the difference between the maximum voltage value Va and the minimum voltage value Vb (the difference ΔV = Va−Vb between the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb) is calculated (step S3). ).

次に、判定部９は、算出した電圧値の差ΔＶが所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する（ステップＳ４）。   Next, the determination unit 9 determines whether or not the calculated voltage value difference ΔV exceeds a predetermined voltage value Vs (step S4).

電圧値の差ΔＶが所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えている（ΔＶ＞Ｖｓ）と判定された場合（ステップＳ４：ＹＥＳ）、制御部１０は、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとを調整処理対象として調整処理を実行する（ステップＳ５）。制御部１０は、調整スイッチ設定テーブルを参照して、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応するスイッチを決定し、決定したスイッチをそれぞれ調整位置に設定する。具体的には、スイッチＳＷ１を第１接続位置に設定（維持）し、スイッチＳＷ２を第２接続位置に設定し、スイッチＳＷ１２とスイッチＳＷ１３とを第２接続位置に設定する。また、これらのスイッチを設定するとともに、スイッチＳＷ３及びスイッチＳＷ４（スイッチＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４のうちセルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応しないスイッチ）を中立位置に設定する。これにより、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとは並列状態で接続される。最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとを並列状態で接続した制御部１０は、これら２つのセルの電圧値が平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応するスイッチＳＷ１、スイッチＳＷ２、スイッチＳＷ１２、及びスイッチＳＷ１３を調整位置から非調整位置に戻すとともに、スイッチＳＷ３及びスイッチＳＷ４を中立位置から非調整位置に戻して、本処理を終了する。   When it is determined that the voltage value difference ΔV exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs (ΔV> Vs) (step S4: YES), the control unit 10 adjusts the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb. Then, the adjustment process is executed (step S5). The control unit 10 refers to the adjustment switch setting table, determines a switch corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb, and sets the determined switch to the adjustment position. Specifically, the switch SW1 is set (maintained) at the first connection position, the switch SW2 is set at the second connection position, and the switches SW12 and SW13 are set at the second connection position. In addition to setting these switches, the switches SW3 and SW4 (switches that do not correspond to the combination of the cells Ca and Cb among the switches SW1 to SW4) are set to the neutral position. Thereby, the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb are connected in parallel. The control unit 10 that connects the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb in parallel determines whether or not the voltage values of these two cells are averaged. The switch SW1, switch SW2, switch SW12, and switch SW13 corresponding to the combination of the cell Cb are returned from the adjustment position to the non-adjustment position, and the switches SW3 and SW4 are returned from the neutral position to the non-adjustment position. finish.

また、制御部１０が調整処理を実行していると判定された場合（ステップＳ１：ＹＥＳ）、及び最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとの電圧値の差ΔＶが所定電圧値Ｖｓ以下である（ΔＶ≦Ｖｓ）と判定された場合（ステップＳ４：ＮＯ）は、ＣＰＵ７は本処理を終了する。   Further, when it is determined that the control unit 10 is executing the adjustment process (step S1: YES), and the voltage value difference ΔV between the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value Vs. When it is determined that (ΔV ≦ Vs) (step S4: NO), the CPU 7 ends this process.

次に、調整処理を実行するセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄの状態について、図３を参照して説明する。図３は、セルＣａとセルＣｂとの間の調整処理（１回目の調整処理）と、セルＣｃとセルＣｄとの間の調整処理（２回目の調整処理）とを実行した場合のセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄの変遷を示す図である。なお、１回目の調整処理実行前のセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄは、Ｖａ＞Ｖｄ＞Ｖｃ＞Ｖｂであり、且つＶａ−Ｖｂ＞Ｖｓ（所定電圧値）である。また、各調整処理は、２つのセルの電圧値が完全に平均化されて等しくなるまで継続して実行される。   Next, the state of the voltage values Va to Vd of the cells Ca to Cd that execute the adjustment process will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows the cell Ca when the adjustment process (first adjustment process) between the cell Ca and the cell Cb and the adjustment process (second adjustment process) between the cell Cc and the cell Cd are executed. It is a figure which shows transition of voltage value Va-Vd of -Cd. The voltage values Va to Vd of the cells Ca to Cd before execution of the first adjustment process are Va> Vd> Vc> Vb and Va−Vb> Vs (predetermined voltage value). Each adjustment process is continuously executed until the voltage values of the two cells are completely averaged and equal.

１回目の調整処理を実行すると、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとが並列状態に接続され、最大電圧セルＣａは最小電圧セルＣｂへ放電し、最小電圧セルＣｂは充電される。すなわち、セルＣａの電圧値は低下し、セルＣｂの電圧値は上昇して、これら２つのセルＣａ，Ｃｂの電圧値は平均化される。１回目の調整処理が終了したときのセルＣａ，Ｃｂの電圧値Ｖａ２，Ｖｂ２は、Ｖａ２＝Ｖｂ２＝（Ｖａ＋Ｖｂ）／２となる。 When the first adjustment process is executed, the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb are connected in parallel, the maximum voltage cell Ca is discharged to the minimum voltage cell Cb, and the minimum voltage cell Cb is charged. That is, the voltage value of the cell Ca decreases, the voltage value of the cell Cb increases, and the voltage values of these two cells Ca and Cb are averaged. The voltage values Va 2 and Vb 2 of the cells Ca and Cb when the first adjustment process is completed are Va 2 = Vb 2 = (Va + Vb) / 2.

続いて、２回目の調整処理を実行する。このとき、セルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ２，Ｖｂ２，Ｖｃ，Ｖｄは、Ｖｄ＞Ｖａ２＝Ｖｂ２＞Ｖｃであり、且つＶｄ−Ｖｃ＞Ｖｓ（所定電圧値）である。２回目の調整処理が実行されて、最大電圧セルＣｄと最小電圧セルＣｃとが並列状態に接続されると、セルＣｄはセルＣｃへ放電し、セルＣｃは充電され、セルＣｃとセルＣｄの電圧値は平均化される。２回目の調整処理が終了したときのセルＣｃ，Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖｃ２，Ｖｄ２は、Ｖｃ２＝Ｖｄ２＝（Ｖｃ＋Ｖｄ）／２となる。 Subsequently, the second adjustment process is executed. At this time, the voltage values Va 2 , Vb 2 , Vc, Vd of the cells Ca to Cd are Vd> Va 2 = Vb 2 > Vc and Vd−Vc> Vs (predetermined voltage value). When the second adjustment process is executed and the maximum voltage cell Cd and the minimum voltage cell Cc are connected in parallel, the cell Cd is discharged to the cell Cc, the cell Cc is charged, and the cell Cc and the cell Cd The voltage values are averaged. The voltage values Vc 2 and Vd 2 of the cells Cc and Cd when the second adjustment process is completed are Vc 2 = Vd 2 = (Vc + Vd) / 2.

このように、本実施形態の電圧調整システムによれば、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとを並列に接続して両セルの電圧値を平均化させるので、複数の電池セルの電圧値を効率よく調整することができる。   Thus, according to the voltage regulation system of the present embodiment, the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell are connected in parallel and the voltage values of both cells are averaged, so that the voltage values of a plurality of battery cells can be efficiently obtained. Can be adjusted.

なお、直列接続される電池セルは、４つに限定されるものではなく、２つ又は３つであってもよく、５つ以上であってもよい。   The number of battery cells connected in series is not limited to four, but may be two or three, or may be five or more.

また、各セルＣａ〜Ｃｄのそれぞれ２つを並列接続する回路やスイッチの形態及び配置は、上記に限定されるものではない。   Moreover, the form and arrangement | positioning of the circuit and switch which connect two each of each cell Ca-Cd in parallel are not limited above.

さらに、調整スイッチ設定テーブルは、上記に限定されるものではない。例えば、形成可能な経路のうち、複数又は全ての経路を機能させる調整用スイッチ及び調整位置が設定されていてもよい。この場合、本処理を開始するまでに、ユーザーが記憶された複数の経路から１つの経路を予め選択する。   Furthermore, the adjustment switch setting table is not limited to the above. For example, an adjustment switch and an adjustment position for causing a plurality of or all of the paths that can be formed to function may be set. In this case, by the time the process is started, the user selects one path from a plurality of stored paths in advance.

次に、本発明の第２実施形態の電圧調整システムについて図面を参照して説明する。本実施形態は、最大電圧セルを含む最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セルを含む最小電圧セル群とに対して包括した調整処理が実行可能である点において、上記第１実施形態と相違する。なお、上記第１実施形態と同様の構成には、同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。以下の説明において、２つのセルに対応する調整回路を第１の調整回路と称し、２つのセル群に対応する調整回路を第２の調整回路と称し、第１の調整回路を機能させるスイッチを第１の調整用スイッチと称し、第２の調整回路を機能させるスイッチを第２の調整用スイッチと称する。また、直列接続される電池セルは上記第１実施形態と同様に４つであり、各セル群を構成するセルの所定数は２である。   Next, the voltage adjustment system of 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that comprehensive adjustment processing can be performed on the maximum voltage cell group including the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell group including the minimum voltage cell. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to the said 1st Embodiment, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. In the following description, an adjustment circuit corresponding to two cells is referred to as a first adjustment circuit, an adjustment circuit corresponding to two cell groups is referred to as a second adjustment circuit, and a switch that causes the first adjustment circuit to function is referred to as a switch. A switch for causing the second adjustment circuit to function is referred to as a first adjustment switch. Further, the number of battery cells connected in series is four as in the first embodiment, and the predetermined number of cells constituting each cell group is two.

図４に示すように、本実施形態の電圧調整システム１は、電池側スイッチ群４と調整側スイッチ群５と電池側第２スイッチ群２０とを有する。電池側スイッチ群４は、３つのスイッチＳＷ２〜ＳＷ４を有し、電池側第２スイッチ群２０は、５つのスイッチＳＷ２１〜ＳＷ２５を有する。   As shown in FIG. 4, the voltage adjustment system 1 of the present embodiment includes a battery side switch group 4, an adjustment side switch group 5, and a battery side second switch group 20. The battery side switch group 4 has three switches SW2 to SW4, and the battery side second switch group 20 has five switches SW21 to SW25.

電池側第２スイッチ群２０のスイッチＳＷ２１〜ＳＷ２５は、２つの接点を有し、２つの接点同士を接続する接続位置（第１接続位置）と、２つの接点間を遮断する中立位置との何れかに設定可能な２路スイッチである。   The switches SW21 to SW25 of the battery-side second switch group 20 have two contacts, and any of a connection position (first connection position) for connecting the two contacts and a neutral position for blocking between the two contacts. It is a two-way switch that can be set.

スイッチＳＷ２１〜ＳＷ２４は第１接続線１３の途中に設けられ、スイッチＳＷ２５は第４接続線１６の途中に設けられる。スイッチＳＷ２１は、セルＣａの正極と、スイッチＳＷ２の第２接点２ｃ及びスイッチＳＷ２２の接点２２ａとの間を断接し、スイッチＳＷ２２は、スイッチＳＷ２の第２接点２ｃ及びスイッチＳＷ２１の接点２１ｂと、スイッチＳＷ３の第２接点３ｃ及びスイッチＳＷ２３の接点２３ａとの間を断接する。スイッチＳＷ２３は、スイッチＳＷ３の第２接点３ｃ及びスイッチＳＷ２２の接点２２ｂと、スイッチＳＷ４の第２接点４ｃ及びスイッチＳＷ２４の接点２４ａとの間を断接し、スイッチＳＷ２４は、スイッチＳＷ４の第２接点４ｃ及びスイッチＳＷ２３の接点２３ｂと、スイッチＳＷ１１の基本接点１１ａとの間を断接する。また、スイッチＳＷ２５は、セルＣａの正極及びスイッチＳＷ２１の接点２１ａと、セルＣｃの負極及びスイッチＳＷ４の第１接点４ｂ及びスイッチＳＷ１４の基本接点１４ａとの間を断接する。後述する電圧調整処理が実行されていない通常状態のスイッチＳＷ２１〜ＳＷ２５は、制御ユニット６によって第１接続位置に設定され維持される。また、電圧調整処理の実行中において、スイッチＳＷ２１〜ＳＷ２５のうち調整処理対象となる２つのセル又は２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応しないスイッチは、制御ユニット６によって、中立位置に設定される。   The switches SW21 to SW24 are provided in the middle of the first connection line 13, and the switch SW25 is provided in the middle of the fourth connection line 16. The switch SW21 connects and disconnects between the positive electrode of the cell Ca and the second contact 2c of the switch SW2 and the contact 22a of the switch SW22. The switch SW22 switches between the second contact 2c of the switch SW2 and the contact 21b of the switch SW21. The second contact 3c of SW3 and the contact 23a of the switch SW23 are connected or disconnected. The switch SW23 connects and disconnects the second contact 3c of the switch SW3 and the contact 22b of the switch SW22 and the second contact 4c of the switch SW4 and the contact 24a of the switch SW24. The switch SW24 is connected to the second contact 4c of the switch SW4. The contact 23b of the switch SW23 and the basic contact 11a of the switch SW11 are connected or disconnected. The switch SW25 connects and disconnects the positive electrode of the cell Ca and the contact 21a of the switch SW21, and the negative electrode of the cell Cc, the first contact 4b of the switch SW4, and the basic contact 14a of the switch SW14. The switches SW <b> 21 to SW <b> 25 in the normal state where the voltage adjustment process described later is not performed are set and maintained at the first connection position by the control unit 6. In addition, during the voltage adjustment process, the switch that does not correspond to the combination of two cells or two cell groups to be adjusted among the switches SW21 to SW25 is set to the neutral position by the control unit 6.

スイッチＳＷ２が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１２が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１３が第２接続位置にそれぞれ設定されると、セルＣａとセルＣｂとは並列状態で接続される。すなわち、スイッチＳＷ２が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１２が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１３が第２接続位置にそれぞれ設定されて形成される回路は、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整回路として機能し、スイッチＳＷ２とスイッチＳＷ１２とスイッチＳＷ１３とは、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整用スイッチとして機能する。また、この場合、スイッチＳＷ２の第２接続位置と、スイッチＳＷ１２の第２接続位置と、スイッチＳＷ１３の第２接続位置とが、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整回路を機能させる調整位置である。   When the switch SW2 is set to the second connection position, the switch SW12 is set to the second connection position, and the switch SW13 is set to the second connection position, the cell Ca and the cell Cb are connected in parallel. That is, the circuit formed by setting the switch SW2 to the second connection position, the switch SW12 to the second connection position, and the switch SW13 to the second connection position corresponds to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. The switch SW2, the switch SW12, and the switch SW13 function as a first adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. In this case, the second connection position of the switch SW2, the second connection position of the switch SW12, and the second connection position of the switch SW13 function as the first adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. This is the adjustment position to be adjusted.

また、上記以外の他の２つのセルの全ての組み合わせについても、その詳細な説明は省略するが、セルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせと同様に対応する第１の調整回路が形成可能であり、第１の調整用スイッチとして機能するスイッチ及びその調整位置が決定する。さらに、２つのセルの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整回路は、第１の実施形態における調整回路と同様に複数の異なる経路が形成可能である。   Further, the detailed description of all the combinations of the other two cells other than the above is also omitted, but the corresponding first adjustment circuit can be formed in the same manner as the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb. A switch that functions as one adjustment switch and its adjustment position are determined. Further, the first adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the two cells can form a plurality of different paths in the same manner as the adjustment circuit in the first embodiment.

次に、２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路について説明する。各セル群は、所定数のセル（２つのセル）から構成される。セル群を構成する２つのセルは、一方のセルの正極と他方のセルの負極とが開放した状態で異極同士が接続（直列接続）される。２つのセル群のそれぞれ開放した状態の正極同士が接続され、負極同士も接続されると、２つのセル群は並列状態に接続される。例えば、セル群１がセルＣａとセルＣｂとで構成され、セル群２がセルＣｃとセルＣｄとで構成され、セル群１とセル群２とが並列状態に接続される場合を説明する。セルＣａの負極とセルＣｂの正極とが接続され（セルＣａの正極とセルＣｂの負極とは開放した状態）、セルＣｃの負極とセルＣｄの正極とが接続される（セルＣｃの正極とセルＣｄの負極とは開放した状態）とともに、開放した状態のセルＣａとセルＣｃとの正極が接続され、開放した状態のセルＣｂとセルＣｄとの負極が接続されると、セル群１とセル群２とが並列状態に接続される。セル群１の合計電圧値とセル群２の合計電圧値に差がある場合、電圧値の差がある２つのセルを並列状態に接続した場合と同様に、電圧値が大きいセル群を構成する各セルは放電し、電圧値が小さいセル群を構成する各セルは充電され、２つのセル群それぞれの合計電圧値は両セル群の合計電圧値の平均値に調整される。すなわち、セル群１とセル群２とが並列状態に接続される上記回路は、２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路として機能する。   Next, a second adjustment circuit corresponding to a combination of two cell groups will be described. Each cell group includes a predetermined number of cells (two cells). The two cells constituting the cell group are connected to each other with different polarity (series connection) in a state where the positive electrode of one cell and the negative electrode of the other cell are open. When the positive electrodes in the open state of the two cell groups are connected and the negative electrodes are also connected, the two cell groups are connected in parallel. For example, a case will be described in which cell group 1 is composed of cell Ca and cell Cb, cell group 2 is composed of cell Cc and cell Cd, and cell group 1 and cell group 2 are connected in parallel. The negative electrode of cell Ca and the positive electrode of cell Cb are connected (the positive electrode of cell Ca and the negative electrode of cell Cb are open), and the negative electrode of cell Cc and the positive electrode of cell Cd are connected (the positive electrode of cell Cc) When the positive electrodes of the open cells Ca and Cc are connected and the negative electrodes of the open cells Cb and Cd are connected, the cell group 1 Cell group 2 is connected in parallel. When there is a difference between the total voltage value of the cell group 1 and the total voltage value of the cell group 2, a cell group having a large voltage value is formed as in the case where two cells having a difference in voltage value are connected in parallel. Each cell is discharged, each cell constituting a cell group having a small voltage value is charged, and the total voltage value of each of the two cell groups is adjusted to the average value of the total voltage value of both cell groups. That is, the circuit in which the cell group 1 and the cell group 2 are connected in parallel functions as a second adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the two cell groups.

スイッチＳＷ２が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ３が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ４が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１３が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１５が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ２１が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ２２が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ２５が中立位置にそれぞれ設定されると、セル群１とセル群２の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路が形成される。この場合、スイッチＳＷ２、スイッチＳＷ３、スイッチＳＷ４、スイッチＳＷ１３、スイッチＳＷ１５、スイッチＳＷ２１、及びスイッチＳＷ２２は、セル群１とセル群２の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整用スイッチとして機能し、スイッチＳＷ２の第１接続位置、スイッチＳＷ３の第２接続位置、スイッチＳＷ４の第１接続位置、スイッチＳＷ１３の第２接続位置、スイッチＳＷ１５の第２接続位置、スイッチＳＷ２１の第１接続位置、及びスイッチＳＷ２２の第１接続位置が、セル群１とセル群２の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路を機能させる調整位置である。   The switch SW2 is in the first connection position, the switch SW3 is in the second connection position, the switch SW4 is in the first connection position, the switch SW13 is in the second connection position, the switch SW15 is in the second connection position, and the switch SW21 is in the first connection position. When the switch SW22 is set to the first connection position and the switch SW25 is set to the neutral position at the connection position, a second adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the cell group 1 and the cell group 2 is formed. In this case, the switch SW2, the switch SW3, the switch SW4, the switch SW13, the switch SW15, the switch SW21, and the switch SW22 function as a second adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the cell group 1 and the cell group 2, and the switch SW2 First connection position, switch SW3 second connection position, switch SW4 first connection position, switch SW13 second connection position, switch SW15 second connection position, switch SW21 first connection position, and switch SW22 The first connection position is an adjustment position at which the second adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the cell group 1 and the cell group 2 functions.

また、上記以外の他の２つのセル群の全ての組み合わせについても、その詳細な説明は省略するが、セル群１とセル群２の組み合わせと同様に対応する第２の調整回路が形成可能であり、第１の調整用スイッチとして機能するスイッチ及び調整位置が決定する。   Further, the detailed description of all the combinations of the other two cell groups other than the above is omitted, but a corresponding second adjustment circuit can be formed in the same manner as the combination of the cell group 1 and the cell group 2. Yes, the switch that functions as the first adjustment switch and the adjustment position are determined.

なお、２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路も、第１の調整回路と同様に複数の異なる経路で形成可能である。例えば、スイッチＳＷ２が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ３及びスイッチＳＷ４が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１１及びスイッチＳＷ１２が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１４及びスイッチＳＷ１５が第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ２１及びスイッチＳＷ２４が第１接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ２２及びスイッチＳＷ２５が中立位置にそれぞれ設定されることによって形成される回路と、これら調整用スイッチのうち、スイッチＳＷ１１及びスイッチＳＷ１２の調整位置を第１接続位置から第２接続位置に、スイッチＳＷ１４及びスイッチＳＷ１５の調整位置を第２接続位置から第１接続位置に切り替えた場合に形成される回路とは、何れもセルＣａ及びセルＣｄ（セル群３）とセルＣｂ及びセルＣｃ（セル群４）の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路である。   Note that the second adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the two cell groups can also be formed by a plurality of different paths in the same manner as the first adjustment circuit. For example, switch SW2 is in the first connection position, switch SW3 and switch SW4 are in the second connection position, switch SW11 and switch SW12 are in the first connection position, switch SW14 and switch SW15 are in the second connection position, switch SW21 and The circuit formed by setting the switch SW24 to the first connection position and the switch SW22 and the switch SW25 to the neutral position, and of these adjustment switches, the adjustment positions of the switch SW11 and the switch SW12 are the first connection positions. The circuit formed when the adjustment position of the switch SW14 and the switch SW15 is switched from the second connection position to the first connection position from the second connection position to the second connection position is the cell Ca and the cell Cd (cell group 3). The number corresponding to the combination of cell Cb and cell Cc (cell group 4) Which is the adjustment circuit.

記憶部１１に記憶されている調整スイッチ設定テーブルは、２つのセルに対する調整処理を実行する場合に使用する単独調整処理用のテーブル（単独用テーブル）と、２つのセル群に対する調整処理を実行する場合に使用する包括調整処理用のテーブル（包括用テーブル）とを含む。上述のように、２つのセルの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整回路は複数の異なる経路で形成可能であるため、単独用テーブルには、これら複数の経路のうち、任意の１つの経路が予め選択され、当該経路で形成される第１の調整回路を機能させる第１の調整用スイッチ及び調整位置が設定される。また、２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路も同様に複数の異なる経路で形成可能であるため、包括用テーブルには、これら複数の経路のうち、任意の１つの経路が予め選択され、当該経路で形成される第２の調整回路を機能させる第２の調整用スイッチ及び調整位置が設定される。本実施形態では、セルＣａ及びセルＣｄから構成されるセル群とセルＣｂ及びセルＣｃから構成されるセル群との組み合わせに対応する第２の調整用スイッチ及び調整位置として、スイッチＳＷ２（調整位置：第１接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ３（調整位置：第２接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ４（調整位置：第２接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ１１（調整位置：第１接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ１２（調整位置：第１接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ１４（調整位置：第２接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ１５（調整位置：第２接続位置）、スイッチＳＷ２１（調整位置：第１接続位置）、及びスイッチＳＷ２４（調整位置：第１接続位置）が設定されている。   The adjustment switch setting table stored in the storage unit 11 executes a single adjustment processing table (single table) used when executing adjustment processing for two cells and adjustment processing for two cell groups. And a table for comprehensive adjustment processing (generic table) used in this case. As described above, since the first adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of two cells can be formed by a plurality of different paths, any one of the plurality of paths is previously stored in the single table. The first adjustment switch and the adjustment position for selecting and functioning the first adjustment circuit formed in the path are set. Similarly, since the second adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the two cell groups can be formed by a plurality of different paths, any one of the plurality of paths is previously stored in the comprehensive table. The second adjustment switch and the adjustment position for selecting and functioning the second adjustment circuit formed by the path are set. In the present embodiment, the switch SW2 (adjustment position) is used as the second adjustment switch and adjustment position corresponding to the combination of the cell group including the cells Ca and Cd and the cell group including the cells Cb and Cc. : First connection position), switch SW3 (adjustment position: second connection position), switch SW4 (adjustment position: second connection position), switch SW11 (adjustment position: first connection position), switch SW12 (adjustment position: first) 1 connection position), switch SW14 (adjustment position: second connection position), switch SW15 (adjustment position: second connection position), switch SW21 (adjustment position: first connection position), and switch SW24 (adjustment position: first) Connection position) is set.

判定部９には、全てのセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの中から電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄが最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとを抽出し、これら２つのセルの電圧値の差ΔＶ１が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する第１判定部と、全てのセルＣａ〜Ｃｄの中から電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄが大きい方から順に所定数のセル（最大電圧セル群）と小さいほうから順に所定数のセル（最小電圧セル群）とを抽出し、最大電圧セル群に含まれるセルのうち電圧値が最小であるセルと最小電圧セル群に含まれるセルのうち電圧値が最大であるセルとの電圧値の差（最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差）ΔＶ２が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する第２判定部とが含まれる。   The determination unit 9 extracts the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value Va to Vd and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum voltage value from all the cells Ca to Cd, and determines the difference ΔV1 between the voltage values of these two cells. A first determination unit that determines whether or not the predetermined voltage value Vs is exceeded, and a predetermined number of cells (maximum voltage cell group) that are smaller in order from the largest voltage value Va to Vd among all the cells Ca to Cd. A predetermined number of cells (minimum voltage cell group) are extracted in order from the cell, and the voltage value is the maximum among the cells included in the maximum voltage cell group and the cells included in the minimum voltage cell group. And a second determination unit that determines whether or not a difference in voltage value with respect to a cell (difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group) ΔV2 exceeds a predetermined voltage value Vs.

制御部１０は、判定部９の第１判定部が最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差ΔＶ１が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えていると判定し、且つ第２判定部が最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差ΔＶ２が所定電圧値Ｖｓ以下であると判定したとき、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとを調整処理対象として調整処理を実行する。制御部１０は、単独用テーブルを参照して、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整用スイッチを決定し、そのスイッチを調整位置に設定して最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとを並列に接続する第１の調整回路を機能させ、最大電圧セルの電圧値と最小電圧セルの電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、調整位置に設定した最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整用スイッチを調整位置から非調整位置に戻す。   The control unit 10 determines that the first determination unit of the determination unit 9 determines that the difference ΔV1 between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs, and the second determination unit determines that the maximum voltage cell When it is determined that the voltage value difference ΔV2 between the group and the minimum voltage cell group is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value Vs, the adjustment processing is executed with the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell as the adjustment processing targets. The control unit 10 refers to the single table, determines the first adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell, sets the switch to the adjustment position, and sets the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage. When the first adjustment circuit that connects the cells in parallel is made to function, and it is determined whether the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the voltage value of the minimum voltage cell are averaged. The first adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell set in the adjustment position is returned from the adjustment position to the non-adjustment position.

一方、判定部９の第１判定部が最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差ΔＶ１が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えていると判定し、且つ第２判定部が最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差ΔＶ２が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えていると判定したときは、制御部１０は、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群とを調整処理対象として調整処理を実行する。制御部１０は、包括用テーブルを参照して、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整用スイッチを決定し、そのスイッチを調整位置に設定して最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群とを並列接続する第２の調整回路を機能させ、最大電圧セル群の合計電圧値と最小電圧セル群の合計電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、調整位置に設定した最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整用スイッチを調整位置から非調整位置に戻す。   On the other hand, the first determination unit of the determination unit 9 determines that the voltage value difference ΔV1 between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs, and the second determination unit determines the minimum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group. When it is determined that the voltage value difference ΔV2 with the voltage cell group exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs, the control unit 10 executes the adjustment process with the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group as adjustment processing targets. . The control unit 10 refers to the comprehensive table, determines a second adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group, sets the switch to the adjustment position, and sets the maximum voltage cell group. And a second adjustment circuit that connects the minimum voltage cell group in parallel with each other to function, determine whether the total voltage value of the maximum voltage cell group and the total voltage value of the minimum voltage cell group are averaged, and average When it is determined that the adjustment has been performed, the second adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group set in the adjustment position is returned from the adjustment position to the non-adjustment position.

以下、図５のフローチャートを用いて、ＣＰＵ７が実行する電圧調整処理について説明する。なお、セルＣａ〜Ｃｄの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄは、Ｖａ＞Ｖｄ＞Ｖｃ＞Ｖｂである場合を想定して説明する。   Hereinafter, the voltage adjustment process executed by the CPU 7 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The voltage values Va to Vd of the cells Ca to Cd will be described assuming that Va> Vd> Vc> Vb.

第１実施形態と同様に、本処理が開始されると、判定部９は、制御部１０が調整処理を実行しているか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１１）。   Similar to the first embodiment, when this process is started, the determination unit 9 determines whether or not the control unit 10 is executing the adjustment process (step S11).

制御部１０が調整処理を実行していないと判定された場合（ステップＳ１１：ＮＯ）、検出部９は、セルＣａ〜Ｃｄの各電圧値Ｖ１〜Ｖ４を検出し、検出した各セルの電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを記憶部１１に記憶する（ステップＳ１２）。   When it determines with the control part 10 not performing the adjustment process (step S11: NO), the detection part 9 detects each voltage value V1-V4 of cell Ca-Cd, and the detected voltage value of each cell Va to Vd are stored in the storage unit 11 (step S12).

次に、判定部９の第１判定部は、記憶部１１から各電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを読み出し、全ての電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄの中から電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルＣａと最小である最小電圧セルＣｂとを抽出し、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとの電圧値の差ΔＶ１＝Ｖａ−Ｖｂを算出する（ステップＳ１３）。   Next, the first determination unit of the determination unit 9 reads the voltage values Va to Vd from the storage unit 11, and the maximum voltage cell Ca having the maximum voltage value among all the voltage values Va to Vd is the minimum. The minimum voltage cell Cb is extracted, and the difference ΔV1 = Va−Vb between the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb is calculated (step S13).

続いて、判定部９の第２判定部は、記憶部１１から各電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄを読み出し、各電圧値Ｖａ〜Ｖｄが大きい方から順に所定数（２つ）のセル（セルＣａ，Ｃｄ）を最大電圧セル群として、小さいほうから順に所定数（２つ）のセル（セルＣｂ，Ｃｃ）を最小電圧セル群として抽出し、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差（最大電圧セル群（セルＣａ，Ｃｄ）のうち電圧値が最小であるセルＣｄと最小電圧セル群（セルＣｂ，Ｃｃ）のうち電圧値が最大であるセルＣｃとの電圧値の差）ΔＶ２＝Ｖｄ−Ｖｃを算出する（ステップＳ１４）。   Subsequently, the second determination unit of the determination unit 9 reads out the voltage values Va to Vd from the storage unit 11, and sequentially starts with a predetermined number (two) of cells (cells Ca and Cd) in descending order of the voltage values Va to Vd. ) As a maximum voltage cell group, a predetermined number (two) of cells (cells Cb, Cc) are extracted as a minimum voltage cell group in order from the smallest, and the difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group (Difference in voltage value between cell Cd having the smallest voltage value in the maximum voltage cell group (cells Ca, Cd) and cell Cc having the largest voltage value in the minimum voltage cell group (cells Cb, Cc)) ΔV2 = Vd−Vc is calculated (step S14).

次に、判定部９は、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとの電圧値の差ΔＶ１が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１５）。   Next, the determination unit 9 determines whether or not the voltage value difference ΔV1 between the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb exceeds a predetermined voltage value Vs (step S15).

最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとの電圧値の差ΔＶ１が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えている（ΔＶ１＞Ｖｓ）と判定された場合（ステップＳ１５：ＹＥＳ）、判定部９は、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差ΔＶ２が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えているか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１６）。   When it is determined that the voltage value difference ΔV1 between the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs (ΔV1> Vs) (step S15: YES), the determination unit 9 It is determined whether or not the voltage value difference ΔV2 between the group and the minimum voltage cell group exceeds a predetermined voltage value Vs (step S16).

最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差ΔＶ２が所定電圧値Ｖｓ以下である（ΔＶ２≦Ｖｓ）と判定された場合（ステップＳ１６：ＮＯ）、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂとを調整処理対象として調整処理を実行する（ステップＳ１７）。制御部６４は、単独用テーブルを参照して決定したセルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整用スイッチをそれぞれ調整位置に設定して、最大電圧セルＣａと最小電圧セルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整回路を接続させ、両セルの電圧値が平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、調整位置に設定したセルＣａとセルＣｂの組み合わせに対応する第１の調整用スイッチを非調整位置に戻して、本処理を終了する。   When it is determined that the voltage value difference ΔV2 between the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value Vs (ΔV2 ≦ Vs) (step S16: NO), the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb Then, the adjustment process is executed for the adjustment process target (step S17). The control unit 64 sets the first adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb determined with reference to the single table to the adjustment position, and the combination of the maximum voltage cell Ca and the minimum voltage cell Cb. Is connected to the first adjustment circuit, and it is determined whether or not the voltage values of both cells are averaged. When it is determined that the voltage values are averaged, the combination of the cell Ca and the cell Cb set at the adjustment position is determined. The corresponding first adjustment switch is returned to the non-adjustment position, and this process is terminated.

一方、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群との電圧値の差ΔＶ２が所定電圧値Ｖｓを超えている（ΔＶ２＞Ｖｓ）と判定された場合（ステップ１６：ＹＥＳ）、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群とを調整処理対象として調整処理を実行する（ステップＳ１８）。制御部１０は、包括用テーブルを参照して決定した最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整用スイッチをそれぞれ調整位置に設定する。これにより、最大電圧セル群（セルＣａ，Ｃｄ）と最小電圧セル群（セルＣｂ，Ｃｃ）の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整回路が機能する。制御部１０は、これら２つのセル群それぞれの合計電圧値が平均化されたか否かを判断し、平均化されたと判断したときに、最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応する第２の調整用スイッチを調整位置から非調整位置に戻して、本処理を終了する。   On the other hand, when it is determined that the voltage value difference ΔV2 between the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group exceeds the predetermined voltage value Vs (ΔV2> Vs) (step 16: YES), the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group The adjustment process is executed with the voltage cell group as the adjustment process target (step S18). The control unit 10 sets the second adjustment switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group determined with reference to the comprehensive table in the adjustment position. Thereby, the second adjustment circuit corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group (cells Ca and Cd) and the minimum voltage cell group (cells Cb and Cc) functions. The control unit 10 determines whether or not the total voltage value of each of these two cell groups is averaged. When the control unit 10 determines that the average voltage values are averaged, the control unit 10 corresponds to the combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group. The adjustment switch No. 2 is returned from the adjustment position to the non-adjustment position, and this process ends.

また、制御部１０が調整処理を実行していると判定された場合（ステップＳ１１：ＹＥＳ）、及び最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差ΔＶ１が所定電圧値Ｖｓ以下である（ΔＶ１≦Ｖｓ）と判定された場合（ステップＳ１５：ＮＯ）は、ＣＰＵ７は本処理を終了する。   Further, when it is determined that the control unit 10 is executing the adjustment process (step S11: YES), the difference ΔV1 between the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value Vs (ΔV1). When it is determined that ≦ Vs) (step S15: NO), the CPU 7 ends the process.

このように、本実施形態の電圧調整システムによれば、各セルの電圧値の状態によって、最大電圧セルと最小電圧セルとに対して調整処理を実行するか、所定数のセルで構成される最大電圧セル群と最小電圧セル群とに対して調整処理を実行するかを決定するため、効率のよい電圧調整処理を行うことができ、且つ複数の電池セル全体を調整するための時間の短縮化を図ることができる。   As described above, according to the voltage adjustment system of the present embodiment, the adjustment process is performed on the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell according to the state of the voltage value of each cell, or a predetermined number of cells are configured. Since it is determined whether or not the adjustment processing is performed on the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group, efficient voltage adjustment processing can be performed, and the time required for adjusting the entire plurality of battery cells can be reduced. Can be achieved.

なお、所定数は２に限定されるものではなく、直列接続された電池セルの半数以下となる２以上の値であればいくらでもよい。本実施形態では、直列接続された電池セルが４つであるため、所定数は２となり、全てのセルが調整処理対象となるが、例えば、直列接続された電池セルが６つであるとき、所定数は２又は３に設定可能であり、所定数が２に設定された場合は、直列接続されたセルのうち２つのセルは調整処理対象外となる。   Note that the predetermined number is not limited to two, and any number may be used as long as the value is two or more that is equal to or less than half of the battery cells connected in series. In the present embodiment, since there are four battery cells connected in series, the predetermined number is 2, and all the cells are subject to adjustment processing. For example, when there are six battery cells connected in series, The predetermined number can be set to 2 or 3, and when the predetermined number is set to 2, two of the cells connected in series are excluded from the adjustment processing target.

上述した実施形態は本発明の一例であり、本発明を逸脱しない範囲において変更可能である。   The above-described embodiment is an example of the present invention and can be changed without departing from the present invention.

本発明は、ハイブリッド車や電気自動車等に搭載される電源のように、多数の電池セルが直列接続されている場合の電池セル間の電圧調整に広く適用可能である。   The present invention is widely applicable to voltage adjustment between battery cells when a large number of battery cells are connected in series, such as a power source mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.

１：電圧調整システム
２：負荷回路
３：充電回路
４：電池側スイッチ群
５：調整側スイッチ群
６：制御ユニット
７：ＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）
８：検出部（検出手段）
９：判定部（判定手段）
１０：制御部（制御手段）
１１：記憶部
１２〜１９：接続線
２０：電池側第２スイッチ群
Ｃａ〜Ｃｄ：電池セル
ＳＷ１〜ＳＷ４，ＳＷ１１〜ＳＷ１５，ＳＷ２１〜ＳＷ２５：スイッチ 1: Voltage adjustment system 2: Load circuit 3: Charging circuit 4: Battery side switch group 5: Adjustment side switch group 6: Control unit 7: CPU (Central Processing Unit)
8: Detection unit (detection means)
9: Determination unit (determination means)
10: Control unit (control means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11: Memory | storage part 12-19: Connection line 20: Battery side 2nd switch group Ca-Cd: Battery cell SW1-SW4, SW11-SW15, SW21-SW25: Switch

Claims (5)

直列接続された複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムであって、
前記複数の電池セルから抽出される２つの電池セルの全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記抽出される２つの電池セルを同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する複数の調整回路と、
前記抽出される２つの電池セルの組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記複数の調整回路のそれぞれを機能させる調整位置と機能させない非調整位置とに選択的に設定される複数のスイッチと、
前記複数の電池セルの各電圧値を検出する検出手段と、
前記検出手段が検出した電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する判定手段と、
前記最大電圧セルと前記最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると前記判定手段が判定したとき、前記複数のスイッチのうち前記最大電圧セルと前記最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを前記調整位置に設定する制御手段と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする電圧調整システム。 A voltage adjustment system for adjusting a voltage value difference between a plurality of battery cells connected in series,
A plurality of adjustment circuits that are provided corresponding to all combinations of two battery cells extracted from the plurality of battery cells, and that connect the two extracted battery cells in a parallel state in which the same poles are energized; ,
A plurality of switches that are respectively provided corresponding to the combination of the two extracted battery cells and that are selectively set to an adjustment position that causes each of the plurality of adjustment circuits to function and a non-adjustment position that does not function;
Detecting means for detecting each voltage value of the plurality of battery cells;
Determination means for determining whether or not a difference in voltage value between the maximum voltage cell having the maximum voltage value detected by the detection means and the minimum voltage cell having the minimum voltage value exceeds a predetermined voltage value;
When the determination unit determines that the difference between the voltage values of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell among the plurality of switches And a control means for setting only the corresponding switch to the adjustment position. 直列接続された４つ以上の複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムであって、
前記複数の電池セルからそれぞれ抽出される所定数の電池セルが構成する２つのセル群の全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、各セル群を構成する複数の電池セルを、１つの電池セルの正極と他の１つの電池セルの負極とを開放した状態で直列接続するとともに、当該２つのセル群を、前記開放された４つの電極の同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する複数の調整回路と、
前記２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記複数の調整回路のそれぞれを機能させる調整位置と機能させない非調整位置とに選択的に設定される複数のスイッチと、
前記複数の電池セルの各電圧値を検出する検出手段と、
前記複数の電池セルの中から、前記検出手段が検出した電圧値が大きい方から順に前記所定数の電池セルを最大電圧セル群として、小さい方から順に前記所定数の電池セルを最小電圧セル群としてそれぞれ抽出し、前記最大電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最小の電池セルと前記最小電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最大の電池セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する判定手段と、
前記２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると前記判定手段が判定したとき、前記複数のスイッチのうち前記最大電圧セル群と前記最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを前記調整位置に設定する制御手段と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする電圧調整システム。 A voltage adjustment system that adjusts a difference in voltage value between four or more battery cells connected in series,
A plurality of battery cells, each of which is provided corresponding to all combinations of two cell groups formed by a predetermined number of battery cells respectively extracted from the plurality of battery cells, are configured as one battery cell. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the other one battery cell are connected in series, and the two cell groups are connected in a parallel state in which the same polarity of the four open electrodes is connected to each other. An adjustment circuit;
A plurality of switches that are respectively provided corresponding to the combination of the two cell groups, and that are selectively set to an adjustment position that allows each of the plurality of adjustment circuits to function and a non-adjustment position that does not function;
Detecting means for detecting each voltage value of the plurality of battery cells;
Among the plurality of battery cells, the predetermined number of battery cells are set as a maximum voltage cell group in order from the larger voltage value detected by the detection means, and the predetermined number of battery cells are set to the minimum voltage cell group in ascending order. And the difference in voltage value between the battery cell with the smallest voltage value among the battery cells included in the maximum voltage cell group and the battery cell with the maximum voltage value among the battery cells included in the minimum voltage cell group. Determining means for determining whether or not exceeds a predetermined voltage value;
A switch corresponding to a combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group among the plurality of switches when the determination means determines that the difference between the voltage values of the two battery cells exceeds a predetermined voltage value And a control means for setting only the adjustment position as the adjustment position. 直列接続された４つ以上の複数の電池セル間における電圧値の差を調整する電圧調整システムであって、
前記複数の電池セルから抽出される２つの電池セルの全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記抽出される２つの電池セルを同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する複数の第１の調整回路と、
前記抽出される２つの電池セルの組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記複数の第１の調整回路のそれぞれを機能させる第１の調整位置と機能させない非調整位置とに選択的に設定される複数の第１のスイッチと、
前記複数の電池セルからそれぞれ抽出される所定数の電池セルが構成する２つのセル群の全ての組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、各セル群を構成する複数の電池セルを、１つの電池セルの正極と他の１つの電池セルの負極とを開放した状態で直列接続するとともに、当該２つのセル群を、前記開放された４つの電極の同極同士が通電する並列状態で接続する複数の第２の調整回路と、
前記２つのセル群の組み合わせに対応してそれぞれ設けられ、前記複数の第２の調整回路のそれぞれを機能させる第２の調整位置と機能させない非調整位置とに選択的に設定される複数の第２のスイッチと、
前記複数の電池セルの各電圧値を検出する検出手段と、
前記検出手段が検出した電圧値が最大である最大電圧セルと最小である最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する第１の判定手段と、
前記複数の電池セルの中から、前記検出手段が検出した電圧値が大きい方から順に前記所定数の電池セルを最大電圧セル群として、小さい方から順に前記所定数の電池セルを最小電圧セル群としてそれぞれ抽出し、前記最大電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最小の電池セルと前記最小電圧セル群に含まれる電池セルのうち電圧値が最大の電池セルとの電圧値の差が前記所定電圧値を超えているか否かを判定する第２の判定手段と、
前記最大電圧セルと前記最小電圧セルとの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると前記第１の判定手段が判定し、且つ前記２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値以下であると前記第２の判定手段が判定したとき、前記複数のスイッチのうち前記最大電圧セルと前記最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを前記第１の調整位置に設定し、前記２つの電池セルの電圧値の差が所定電圧値を超えていると前記第２の判定手段が判定したとき、前記複数のスイッチのうち前記最大電圧セル群と前記最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチのみを前記第２の調整位置に設定する制御手段と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする電圧調整システム。 A voltage adjustment system that adjusts a difference in voltage value between four or more battery cells connected in series,
A plurality of first cells are provided corresponding to all combinations of two battery cells extracted from the plurality of battery cells, and are connected in a parallel state in which the two battery cells extracted are energized with the same polarity. An adjustment circuit;
Each of the plurality of first adjustment circuits is provided corresponding to a combination of the two battery cells to be extracted, and is selectively set to a first adjustment position that causes each of the plurality of first adjustment circuits to function and a non-adjustment position that does not function. A plurality of first switches;
A plurality of battery cells, each of which is provided corresponding to all combinations of two cell groups formed by a predetermined number of battery cells respectively extracted from the plurality of battery cells, are configured as one battery cell. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the other one battery cell are connected in series, and the two cell groups are connected in a parallel state in which the same polarity of the four open electrodes is connected to each other. A second adjustment circuit;
A plurality of second adjustment positions which are respectively provided corresponding to combinations of the two cell groups and are selectively set to a second adjustment position where each of the plurality of second adjustment circuits functions and a non-adjustment position where the second adjustment circuits do not function. 2 switches,
Detecting means for detecting each voltage value of the plurality of battery cells;
First determination means for determining whether or not a difference in voltage value between a maximum voltage cell having a maximum voltage value detected by the detection means and a minimum voltage cell having a minimum value exceeds a predetermined voltage value;
Among the plurality of battery cells, the predetermined number of battery cells are set as a maximum voltage cell group in order from the larger voltage value detected by the detection means, and the predetermined number of battery cells are set to the minimum voltage cell group in ascending order. And the difference in voltage value between the battery cell with the smallest voltage value among the battery cells included in the maximum voltage cell group and the battery cell with the maximum voltage value among the battery cells included in the minimum voltage cell group. Second determination means for determining whether or not exceeds a predetermined voltage value;
The first determination means determines that the difference between the voltage values of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell exceeds a predetermined voltage value, and the difference between the voltage values of the two battery cells is equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value. When the second determination means determines that, only the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell among the plurality of switches is set to the first adjustment position, A switch corresponding to a combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group among the plurality of switches when the second determination means determines that the difference between the voltage values of the battery cells exceeds a predetermined voltage value And a control means for setting only the second adjustment position as the second adjustment position. 請求項１又は請求項３に記載の電圧調整システムであって、
前記制御手段は、前記最大電圧セルと前記最小電圧セルの組み合わせに対応するスイッチを前記調整位置に設定した後、前記最大電圧セルの電圧値と前記最小電圧セルの電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、当該２つの電圧値が平均化されたと判断したときに前記調整位置に設定したスイッチを前記非調整位置に戻す
ことを特徴とする電圧調整システム。 The voltage regulation system according to claim 1 or 3,
After the control means sets the switch corresponding to the combination of the maximum voltage cell and the minimum voltage cell to the adjustment position, the voltage value of the maximum voltage cell and the voltage value of the minimum voltage cell are averaged. The voltage adjustment system is characterized by determining whether or not the two voltage values are averaged and returning the switch set to the adjustment position to the non-adjustment position. 請求項２又は請求項３に記載の電圧調整システムであって、
前記制御手段は、前記最大電圧セル群と前記最小電圧セル群の組み合わせに対応するスイッチを前記調整位置に設定した後、前記最大電圧セル群の合計電圧値と前記最小電圧セル群の合計電圧値とが平均化されたか否かを判断し、当該２つの合計電圧値が平均化されたと判断したときに前記調整位置に設定したスイッチを前記非調整位置に戻す
ことを特徴とする電圧調整システム。 The voltage regulation system according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The control means sets a switch corresponding to a combination of the maximum voltage cell group and the minimum voltage cell group at the adjustment position, and then adds a total voltage value of the maximum voltage cell group and a total voltage value of the minimum voltage cell group. And a switch that is set to the adjustment position is returned to the non-adjustment position when it is determined that the two total voltage values are averaged.
JP2010063396A 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 Voltage regulation system Expired - Fee Related JP5601568B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010063396A JP5601568B2 (en) 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 Voltage regulation system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010063396A JP5601568B2 (en) 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 Voltage regulation system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2011200008A true JP2011200008A (en) 2011-10-06
JP5601568B2 JP5601568B2 (en) 2014-10-08

Family

ID=44877524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2010063396A Expired - Fee Related JP5601568B2 (en) 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 Voltage regulation system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5601568B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013099233A (en) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-20 Toyota Motor Corp Charging system of battery
JP2013146160A (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-25 Ntt Facilities Inc Charge control system and charge control method of battery pack
JP2013146159A (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-25 Ntt Facilities Inc Charge control system and charge control method of battery pack

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001136669A (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-05-18 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc Storage device
JP2003189492A (en) * 2001-12-14 2003-07-04 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Charge/discharge controller
JP2005039993A (en) * 2003-06-19 2005-02-10 O2 Micro Inc Circuit for monitoring and balancing batteries
JP2008117573A (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-05-22 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Storage cell module with series/parallel switch type equalization function
JP2008278635A (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-13 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Battery charging device for electric vehicle and method therefor
JP2009044802A (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-26 Pues Corp Voltage equalization controller
JP2010063197A (en) * 2008-09-01 2010-03-18 Toyota Industries Corp Power supply unit and method for charging power storage means

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001136669A (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-05-18 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc Storage device
JP2003189492A (en) * 2001-12-14 2003-07-04 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Charge/discharge controller
JP2005039993A (en) * 2003-06-19 2005-02-10 O2 Micro Inc Circuit for monitoring and balancing batteries
JP2008117573A (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-05-22 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Storage cell module with series/parallel switch type equalization function
JP2008278635A (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-13 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Battery charging device for electric vehicle and method therefor
JP2009044802A (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-26 Pues Corp Voltage equalization controller
JP2010063197A (en) * 2008-09-01 2010-03-18 Toyota Industries Corp Power supply unit and method for charging power storage means

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013099233A (en) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-20 Toyota Motor Corp Charging system of battery
JP2013146160A (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-25 Ntt Facilities Inc Charge control system and charge control method of battery pack
JP2013146159A (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-25 Ntt Facilities Inc Charge control system and charge control method of battery pack

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5601568B2 (en) 2014-10-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8773070B2 (en) Apparatus and method for balancing charge capacity of battery cell
EP2418751B1 (en) Battery charger and battery charging method
US7714539B2 (en) Apparatus for regulating state of charge in battery assembly
JP5477448B1 (en) Voltage equalization device
JP5736694B2 (en) Control device and method, and power supply device
US20150061601A1 (en) Discharge device for electricity storage device
US20130057224A1 (en) Control system of battery pack and method of charging and discharging using the same
US11277012B2 (en) Battery control unit and battery system
WO2013121721A1 (en) Voltage balance control device
JP2005151720A (en) Cell balance correcting device, secondary battery, method of correcting cell balance and cell balance correcting program
JP7096193B2 (en) Battery control unit and battery system
US9413037B2 (en) Cell capacity adjusting device
JP2010032412A (en) Power supply for vehicle
JP7160862B2 (en) Battery control unit and battery system
JP7157101B2 (en) Battery control unit and battery system
JP2009284606A (en) Controller for capacitors
JP2018125965A (en) Power storage device and power storage control method
JP6711221B2 (en) Battery system
JP6860639B2 (en) A tuning device that balances the battery set and an automatic battery balancing system that uses it.
JP5601568B2 (en) Voltage regulation system
JP3458740B2 (en) Battery charging and discharging devices
JP5974882B2 (en) Voltage balance control device
JP5601569B2 (en) Voltage regulation system
JP2011254662A (en) Vehicle equipped with feed control system and battery pack
KR101988027B1 (en) Blancing Apparatus for Battery and Method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20130204

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20131220

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20131227

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20140220

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20140725

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20140807

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 5601568

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees