JP2011185257A - Two-stroke cycloid reciprocating engine with primary compression chamber in cylinder - Google Patents

Two-stroke cycloid reciprocating engine with primary compression chamber in cylinder Download PDF

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JP2011185257A
JP2011185257A JP2010073555A JP2010073555A JP2011185257A JP 2011185257 A JP2011185257 A JP 2011185257A JP 2010073555 A JP2010073555 A JP 2010073555A JP 2010073555 A JP2010073555 A JP 2010073555A JP 2011185257 A JP2011185257 A JP 2011185257A
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stroke
cylinder
reciprocating engine
cycloid
engine
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Takashi Matsuda
孝 松田
Motohiro Sato
元宥 佐藤
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for achieving combustion performance close to that of a four-stroke reciprocating engine by reducing problems in a two-stroke reciprocating engine basically without losing the characteristics since the two-stroke reciprocating engine has the problems that the blow-by of fresh air and the filling rate are insufficient and exhaust gas is dirty compared to the four-stroke reciprocating engine. <P>SOLUTION: A long-stroke and low-speed two-stroke cycloid engine is used, and the crank chamber and cylinder thereof is partitioned by a wall with a piston rod hole. A space between the partition wall hole surface and a piston rod is sealed by interposing and sliding, for instance, a ring to make a space between the lower surface of a piston and the wall as a primary compression chamber. By combination with stratified scavenging, the exhaust and scavenging performance of the two-stroke reciprocating engine is enhanced, thereby solving the problems. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は,ハイポサイクロイド遊星歯車機構を用いた2ストローク往復動機関に関するものであり,ロングストロークとピストンの直線往復運動を利用して,シリンダ内に圧縮比の高い一次圧縮室を設け,2ストローク往復動機関の燃焼性能を4ストローク往復動機関に近づけることに寄与するものである。
以後,簡明な記述とするため,とくに必要な場合を除き,機関及び機構の名称を下記のように略記する.
1)往復動機械用のハイポサイクロイド遊星歯車機構をサイクロイド機構と略記する.
2)サイクロイド機構を用いた往復動機関をサイクロイド機関と略記する.
The present invention relates to a two-stroke reciprocating engine using a hypocycloid planetary gear mechanism, which uses a long stroke and a linear reciprocating motion of a piston to provide a primary compression chamber having a high compression ratio in a cylinder. This contributes to bringing the combustion performance of a reciprocating engine closer to that of a 4-stroke reciprocating engine.
In the following, for the sake of concise description, the names of the engines and mechanisms are abbreviated as follows unless otherwise required.
1) A hypocycloidal planetary gear mechanism for a reciprocating machine is abbreviated as a cycloid mechanism.
2) A reciprocating engine using a cycloid mechanism is abbreviated as a cycloid engine.

これまで、サイクロイド機関並びにその機構を用いた往復動ポンプ装置(コンプレッサを含む。)が提案されている(特許文献1〜4及び非特許文献1〜3参照)。
ここでは,2ストロークサイクロイド機関機構の例として,図1に示す遊星歯車複偏心盤を用いた,2気筒1クランクピン型2ストローク4気筒サイクロイド機関の基本構造を用いてサイクロイド機構の運動を説明する(特許文献4参照).なお,小型車に多く実用されている4気筒を例として採り上げる.まず,気筒1について説明する.クランクケース1に固定した基準ピッチ円直径4eの静止内歯車1012とクランクピン付クランクウェブ6bのクランクピン6c12上にクランクピン軸受712で回転自在に支えられた基準ピッチ円直径2eの遊星歯車9b12がかみあい、歯車9b12はクランクピン軸心O212周りに角速度ωで自転するとともに、クランク軸心O1周りに逆向きに角速度ωで公転する。このとき、歯車9b12のピッチ円筒面上にある偏心盤9aの軸心O3は、シリンダ中心線C上をストローク4eの正弦直線往復運動を行う。そして、この直線往復運動が,偏心盤9a上に偏心盤軸受11を介して回転自在に支えられ,シリンダ2に案内されたピストン4の運動となる。このように,ピストン4の直線往復運動は,互いに逆向きの2つの等速回転運動,即ち,偏心量eの偏心盤9aがクランクピン軸心O212周りに自転すると同時に,クランク半径eのクランク軸6がクランク軸心O1周りに逆向きに同じ角速度で公転することにより創成される。気筒2〜4についても同様である.
このように,サイクロイド機構は,本発明に関わるつぎの特徴を有する.1)ピストンはシリンダ中心軸上を直線運動する.2)ピストン側圧が発生しない.3)長い連接棒が不要でありシリンダ高さを低減できる.4)ロングストロークに適する.
So far, a cycloid engine and a reciprocating pump device (including a compressor) using the mechanism have been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 to 4 and Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3).
Here, as an example of the two-stroke cycloid engine mechanism, the movement of the cycloid mechanism will be described using the basic structure of a two-cylinder one-crankpin type two-stroke four-cylinder cycloid engine using the planetary gear double eccentric disk shown in FIG. (See Patent Document 4). An example is the 4-cylinder that is widely used in small cars. First, cylinder 1 will be described. Stationary internal gear 10 of the reference pitch diameter 4e fixed to the crankcase 1 12 and planet rotatably Supported reference pitch diameter 2e crank pin bearing 7 12 on the crank pin 6c 12 of the crank pin with crank web 6b The gear 9b 12 is engaged, and the gear 9b 12 rotates at an angular velocity ω around the crankpin axis O2 12 and revolves around the crank axis O1 at an angular velocity ω in the opposite direction. In this case, the axis O3 1 eccentric plate 9a 1 in the pitch cylindrical surface on the gear 9b 12 is a top cylinder center line C 1 performs sinusoidal linear reciprocating motion of the stroke 4e. Then, the linear reciprocating movement, rotatably supported via eccentric plate bearing 11 1 on the eccentric plate 9a 1, a guided piston 4 1 motion to the cylinder 2 1. Thus, the linear reciprocating motion of the piston 4 1, two uniform rotary motion in opposite directions to each other, i.e., at the same time the eccentric plate 9a 1 of the eccentricity e is rotates the crank pin axis O2 12 around the crank radius e The crankshaft 6 is created by revolving around the crankshaft center O1 in the opposite direction at the same angular velocity. The same applies to cylinders 2-4.
Thus, the cycloid mechanism has the following features related to the present invention. 1) The piston moves linearly on the cylinder center axis. 2) Piston side pressure is not generated. 3) A long connecting rod is not required and the cylinder height can be reduced. 4) Suitable for long strokes.

特開平09−119301号 公報  JP 09-119301 A 特開2000−073701号 公報  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-073701 PCT/JP2007/064095  PCT / JP2007 / 064095 特願2009−177021  Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-177021

Norman H.Beachley and Martha A.Lenz,“A Critical Evaluation of the Geared Hypocycloid Mechanism for Internal Combustion Engine Application”,SAE Technical Paper Series 880660,1988.    Norman H.M. Beachley and Martha A.B. Lenz, “A Critical Evaluation of the Geared Hypocycloid Mechanical for Internal Application, SAE Technical Paper Series 886060. 松田孝,佐藤元宥:サイクロイド遊星歯車機構に関する研究(第1報),自動車技術会論文集,Vol.39,No.2,p.311−316(2008).  Takashi Matsuda, Motoaki Sato: Research on cycloid planetary gear mechanism (1st report), Automobile Engineering Society Proceedings, Vol. 39, no. 2, p. 311-316 (2008). 松田孝,佐藤元宥:サイクロイド遊星歯車機構に関する研究(第2報),自動車技術会論文集,Vol.41,No.1,p.109−114(2010).  Takashi Matsuda, Motoaki Sato: Research on cycloid planetary gear mechanism (2nd report), Automobile Engineering Society Proceedings, Vol. 41, no. 1, p. 109-114 (2010).

ピストンクランク機構を用いた2ストローク往復動機関は,過給器など補機付きの頭上弁型ユニフロー超ロングストローク,超低速の舶用ディーゼル機関で広く実用されているが,新気の吹き抜け及び充填率不足と排気ガスが汚いなどの問題点などのため,自動車ガソリン機関ではほとんど実用されておらず,手持ち機械小型ガソリン機関で実用されているのが現状である.本発明の目的は,2ストローク往復動機関などにおいて,2ストロークの利点を出来るだけ損なうことなく,前述の問題点を解決し4ストロークに近い燃焼性能を実現することである.  Two-stroke reciprocating engines using piston crank mechanisms are widely used in overhead valve-type uniflow ultra-long stroke, ultra-low-speed marine diesel engines equipped with auxiliary equipment such as a turbocharger. Due to problems such as shortage and dirty exhaust gas, it is rarely used in automobile gasoline engines and is currently used in hand-held small gasoline engines. The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve combustion performance close to four strokes without losing the advantages of two strokes as much as possible in a two-stroke reciprocating engine.

本発明では,前項で述べた課題を解決する手段として,層状掃気などの性能を高めるため.低速,ロングストロークの2ストロークサイクロイド機関において,クランク室とシリンダをピストンロッド孔付きの壁で仕切り,その仕切り壁孔面とピストンロッド間を例えばリングなどを介在させて摺動,密閉し,ピストン下面とこの壁との間を高圧縮比の一次圧縮室とする.  In the present invention, as a means for solving the problems described in the previous section, in order to improve the performance such as stratified scavenging. In a low-speed, long-stroke two-stroke cycloid engine, the crank chamber and cylinder are partitioned by a wall with a piston rod hole, and the partition wall hole surface and the piston rod are slid and sealed with a ring, for example, to seal the piston bottom surface. The primary compression chamber between the wall and this wall has a high compression ratio.

請求項1記載の発明は,2ストローク往復動機関の低燃費,清浄な排気ガス,小型軽量,低剛性構造,低振動,低速及び低摩擦損失化に有用である.  The invention of claim 1 is useful for low fuel consumption, clean exhaust gas, small size, light weight, low rigidity structure, low vibration, low speed and low friction loss of a 2-stroke reciprocating engine.

請求1記載の発明は,往復動ポンプの小型軽量,低剛性構造,低振動,低速,低摩擦損失及び高圧化に有用である.  The invention described in claim 1 is useful for a small and light reciprocating pump, a low rigidity structure, low vibration, low speed, low friction loss and high pressure.

気筒配置角γ=π/2のシリンダ内に一次圧縮室を備えた中央遊星歯車複偏心盤2気筒1クランクピン2ストローク4気筒サイクロイド機関機構の構造を示す図であり,(a)は軸方向からの正面図,(b)は断面A−Aを示している.  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a central planetary gear double eccentric two-cylinder two-crank pin two-stroke four-cylinder cycloid engine mechanism provided with a primary compression chamber in a cylinder having a cylinder arrangement angle γ = π / 2. (B) shows the cross section AA.

本発明は,図1に示す実施例により開示されている.また,排気孔,シリンダヘッド部の点火プラグなど並びにオイルシール,油道,潤滑ポンプ及びシリンダとクランクケースの締結構造なども周知であるので図示を省略している。なお,シリンダヘッド及びシリンダの掃気ポートと一次圧縮室の断面を2点鎖線で示している.  The present invention is disclosed by the embodiment shown in FIG. Further, exhaust holes, ignition plugs for cylinder heads, etc., oil seals, oil passages, lubrication pumps, and fastening structures between cylinders and crankcases are well known, and are not shown. The cross section of the cylinder head and the scavenging port of the cylinder and the primary compression chamber is shown by a two-dot chain line.

図1は,クランク回転角(π/n)の間隔で爆発する2ストロークの2n(nは自然数を示す)気筒サイクロイド機関機構の一例として,気筒配置角γ=π/2の遊星歯車複偏心盤2気筒1クランクピン2ストローク4気筒サイクロイド機関機構を示している。
図1の2点鎖線のように,クランク室とシリンダをピストンロッド孔付きの壁で仕切り,その仕切り壁の孔面に設けた溝などで保持したリングとピストンロッドを摺動させて,ピストン下面と壁との間を一次圧縮室とし,遊星歯車複偏心盤2気筒1クランクピン2n気筒2ストロークサイクロイド機関の強力な過給室として利用する.また,クランク室からのオイル上がりを防ぎ,ピストンリング潤滑油の一部を循環させ得る.
このように,シリンダ内に高圧縮比の一次圧縮室を備えた2ストロークサイクロイド機関は,ロングストローク,低速と一次圧縮室の活用及び燃焼室形状の最適化により燃焼性能を高め,低燃費,排気ガスの清浄化など高品質な2ストローク往復動機関への道を拓くものである。この一次圧縮室は,適切な掃気のための流れの創成に有用である.
FIG. 1 shows a planetary gear double eccentric disk having a cylinder arrangement angle γ = π / 2 as an example of a 2-stroke 2n (n represents a natural number) cylinder cycloid engine mechanism that explodes at intervals of a crank rotation angle (π / n). 2 shows a 2-cylinder 1-crankpin 2-stroke 4-cylinder cycloid engine mechanism.
As shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, the crank chamber and the cylinder are partitioned by a wall with a piston rod hole, and the piston rod is slid by sliding the ring and the piston rod held by a groove provided on the hole surface of the partition wall. The primary compression chamber between the wall and the wall is used as a powerful supercharging chamber for the planetary gear double eccentric disc 2 cylinder 1 crankpin 2n cylinder 2 stroke cycloid engine. It also prevents oil from rising from the crank chamber and circulates part of the piston ring lubricant.
Thus, a two-stroke cycloid engine with a primary compression chamber in the cylinder with a high compression ratio improves combustion performance by utilizing the long stroke, low speed, primary compression chamber, and optimization of the combustion chamber shape, resulting in low fuel consumption and exhaust gas. It opens the way to high-quality 2-stroke reciprocating engines such as gas purification. This primary compression chamber is useful for creating a flow for proper scavenging.

1 クランクケース
シリンダ
シリンダヘッド
気筒Kのピストン
4a 気筒Kのピストンヘッド
4b 気筒Kのピストンロッド
4c 気筒Kのピストン大端部
ピストンリング
6 クランク軸
6a クランクウェブ
6b クランクピン付クランクウェブ
6c クランクピン
クランクピン軸受
8 クランクピン付クランクウェブ軸受
気筒Kの中央遊星歯車複偏心盤
9a 気筒Kの偏心盤
9b 気筒Kの遊星歯車
10 気筒Kの静止内歯車
11 気筒Kの偏心盤軸受
12 クランクウェブ軸受
13 一次圧縮室
14 掃気孔
気筒Kのシリンダ中心線
O1 クランク軸心
O2 気筒Kのクランクピン軸心
O3 気筒Kの偏心盤軸心
γ 気筒配置角(rad)
ω クランク角速度
下添数字 K 機関の点火順序を示す気筒番号
なお,気筒番号を示す下添数字Kについては,必要な場合のみ表示する.また,気筒2及び3のように,2気筒に係わる場合はKを23と表示する.
1 Crankcase
2 K cylinder
3K cylinder head
4 K cylinder K piston
4a Piston head of K cylinder K
4b Piston rod of K cylinder K
4c Piston big end of K cylinder K
5 K piston ring
6 Crankshaft
6a Crank web
6b Crank web with crank pin
6c K crankpin
7 K crankpin bearing
8 Crank web bearing with crank pin
9 Center planetary gear double eccentric disc of K cylinder K
9a Eccentric disc of K cylinder K
9b K cylinder K of a planetary gear 10 K cylinder K stationary internal gear 11 K cylinder K eccentric Release bearing 12 crank web bearing 13 K primary compression chamber 14 K scavenging port of the
Cylinder center line of the C K cylinder K
O1 crankshaft center
Crankpin axis of O2 K cylinder K
O3 K cylinder K eccentric disc axis
γ Cylinder arrangement angle (rad)
ω Crank angular velocity subscript K Cylinder number indicating engine ignition order Note that the subscript K indicating the cylinder number is displayed only when necessary. In addition, when cylinders 2 and 3 are involved, K is displayed as 23.

Claims (2)

クランク室とシリンダをピストンロッド孔付きの壁で仕切り,その仕切り壁孔面とピストンロッド間を例えばリングなどを介在させて摺動,密閉し,ピストン下面とこの壁との間を一次圧縮室としたハイポサイクロイド遊星歯車機構を用いた2ストロークサイクロイド往復動機関  The crank chamber and cylinder are partitioned by a wall with a piston rod hole, and the surface between the partition wall hole surface and the piston rod is slid and sealed with, for example, a ring, and the primary compression chamber is formed between the lower surface of the piston and this wall. 2-stroke cycloid reciprocating engine using a hypocycloid planetary gear mechanism 請求項1記載の2ストロークサイクロイド往復動機関の機構を用いることを特徴とするポンプ装置  2. A pump device using the mechanism of a two-stroke cycloid reciprocating engine according to claim 1.
JP2010073555A 2010-03-09 2010-03-09 Two-stroke cycloid reciprocating engine with primary compression chamber in cylinder Pending JP2011185257A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105756800A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-07-13 吉林大学 Variable-compression ratio piston driven by cycloidal-pin wheels

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105756800A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-07-13 吉林大学 Variable-compression ratio piston driven by cycloidal-pin wheels

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