JP2011179790A - Automatic ice making machine - Google Patents

Automatic ice making machine Download PDF

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JP2011179790A
JP2011179790A JP2010046998A JP2010046998A JP2011179790A JP 2011179790 A JP2011179790 A JP 2011179790A JP 2010046998 A JP2010046998 A JP 2010046998A JP 2010046998 A JP2010046998 A JP 2010046998A JP 2011179790 A JP2011179790 A JP 2011179790A
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ice making
ice
abnormality
water
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Takeshi Ueda
毅 植田
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Hoshizaki Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic ice making machine accurately detecting a failure of a delay or shortening of ice making time by preventing erroneous determination. <P>SOLUTION: The flow-down type ice making machine includes an ice making failure detection timer 54 measuring an ice making failure determination time required for the water level in an ice making water tank to reach from the upper side water level to the lower side water level in an ice making operation. Moreover, a determination part determines that an ice making failure occurs when a difference between an ice making failure determination time measured by the ice making failure detection timer 54 and a variable reference time based on an ice making failure determination time measured by the ice making failure detection timer 54 in an ice making operation prior to the ice making operation exceeds a set value. The variable reference time is set to be an ice making failure determination time measured by a calculating part in the last ice making operation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、製氷運転と除氷運転とを交互に繰り返すことで多量の氷塊を製造する自動製氷機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an automatic ice making machine that produces a large amount of ice blocks by alternately repeating an ice making operation and an ice removing operation.

氷塊を連続的に製造する自動製氷機では、その製氷方式として多数の型式が提案され、用途に応じて適宜の方式が採用されている。その一つの方式として、垂直に配設した製氷板に冷凍系を構成する蒸発管を配設し、この蒸発管に循環供給される冷媒により冷却される前記製氷板に製氷水を散布供給して氷塊を形成し、得られた氷塊を剥離して落下放出させる流下式製氷機が知られている。   In an automatic ice making machine that continuously manufactures ice blocks, many types of ice making methods have been proposed, and an appropriate method is adopted depending on the application. As one of the methods, an evaporating pipe constituting a refrigeration system is arranged on a vertically arranged ice making plate, and ice making water is sprayed and supplied to the ice making plate cooled by a refrigerant circulated and supplied to the evaporating pipe. There is known a flow-down type ice maker that forms ice blocks, peels off the resulting ice blocks, and releases them.

前記流下式製氷機においては、製氷板の下方に、所要量の製氷水を貯留するための製氷水タンクを備え、製氷運転に際してタンク中の製氷水を循環ポンプで圧送して製氷板に供給し、氷結するに至らなかった製氷水は製氷水タンク中に回収した後に、再び製氷板に向けて送り出すよう構成されている。また、製氷板と製氷水タンクとの間に氷案内板が傾斜配置されると共に、この氷案内板の傾斜下方端側にストッカが設けられ、製氷板から落下した氷塊は、氷案内板を介してストッカに放出されるよう構成される。なお、氷案内板には複数の通孔が穿設されており、製氷板から落下する製氷水は、ストッカに流れ込むことなく、通孔を介して製氷水タンクに回収されるようになっている。   The flow-down type ice maker has an ice making water tank for storing a required amount of ice making water below the ice making plate, and the ice making water in the tank is pumped by a circulation pump during ice making operation and supplied to the ice making plate. The ice making water that did not freeze is collected in an ice making water tank and then sent out again toward the ice making plate. In addition, an ice guide plate is inclined between the ice making plate and the ice making water tank, and a stocker is provided on the inclined lower end side of the ice guide plate, and ice blocks falling from the ice making plate are passed through the ice guide plate. Configured to be discharged to the stocker. The ice guide plate has a plurality of through holes, and the ice making water falling from the ice making plate is collected in the ice making water tank through the through holes without flowing into the stocker. .

ところで、除氷運転において氷塊が完全に製氷板から除去されず、該製氷板に氷塊が残留したまま製氷運転へ移行することがある。すると、次の製氷運転において残留した氷塊が更に成長して、他の氷塊と連結した大きな氷塊が製造される製氷異常(多重製氷)が発生することがある。このような大きな氷塊が製氷板に製造されると、氷塊の圧力により製氷板や、該製氷板を支持する筐体等が変形したり破損したりすることがあった。そこで、この製氷異常の発生を検知するよう構成された製氷機が、従来から種々提案されている。   By the way, the ice block may not be completely removed from the ice making plate in the deicing operation, and the ice making operation may be performed while the ice block remains on the ice making plate. Then, ice blocks remaining in the next ice making operation further grow, and an ice making abnormality (multiple ice making) may occur in which large ice blocks connected to other ice blocks are produced. When such a large ice block is produced on an ice making plate, the ice making plate, a case supporting the ice making plate, or the like may be deformed or damaged by the pressure of the ice block. Accordingly, various ice making machines configured to detect the occurrence of this ice making abnormality have been proposed.

例えば、特許文献１の製氷機では、製氷時間の変化に基づいて製氷異常の発生の有無を判定する方法が採用されている。すなわち、製氷異常が発生して製氷部に連結した大きな氷塊が製造されると、製氷水が氷塊を伝って外部へ漏れてしまい、製氷水の製氷水タンクへの回収が少なくなる。従って、製氷水タンク内の製氷水は正常な場合に比べて早く減少し、該タンク内の製氷水がなくなるまでの時間(すなわち、製氷時間)が短くなる。そこで、この製氷時間が短くなるのを利用して、製氷異常の発生の有無を判定するよう構成されている。具体的には、製氷水タンク内の製氷水が所定水位に到達するまでの時間をタイマが測定し、その測定時間と予め設定された時間(以下、基準時間という)とを比較して判定するようになっている。   For example, the ice making machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 employs a method of determining whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred based on a change in ice making time. That is, when an ice making abnormality occurs and a large ice block connected to the ice making unit is manufactured, the ice making water leaks outside through the ice block, and the ice making water is less collected in the ice making water tank. Accordingly, the ice making water in the ice making water tank decreases faster than normal, and the time until the ice making water in the tank runs out (that is, the ice making time) is shortened. Therefore, it is configured to determine whether or not the ice making abnormality has occurred by utilizing the fact that the ice making time is shortened. Specifically, a timer measures the time until the ice making water in the ice making water tank reaches a predetermined water level, and the determination is made by comparing the measurement time with a preset time (hereinafter referred to as a reference time). It is like that.

また、製氷部に氷塊が除去されないまま製氷運転が開始されても、この残留した氷塊を伝って製氷水が再び製氷水タンクへ回収されることがある。この場合、製氷水が氷塊を伝わる分だけ、製氷部へ供給された製氷水が製氷板に接触する割合が小さくなり、製氷水と製氷板との熱交換が妨げられることとなる。このため、製氷水の冷却効率が低下し、製氷水タンク内の製氷水がなくなるまでの時間が延長される。このような製氷時間が長くなる製氷異常が発生した場合においても、前記タイマが測定した製氷時間と前記基準時間とを比較することで、当該異常の発生を検知するよう構成されている。   Even if the ice making operation is started without removing the ice blocks in the ice making section, the ice making water may be collected again in the ice making water tank through the remaining ice blocks. In this case, the proportion of the ice making water supplied to the ice making unit contacting the ice making plate is reduced by the amount that the ice making water is transmitted through the ice block, and heat exchange between the ice making water and the ice making plate is hindered. For this reason, the cooling efficiency of the ice making water decreases, and the time until the ice making water in the ice making water tank runs out is extended. Even when an ice making abnormality that causes such a long ice making time occurs, the occurrence of the abnormality is detected by comparing the ice making time measured by the timer with the reference time.

特開昭５７−１５７９７４号公報JP 57-157974 A

ところが、前述した判定方法では、一定の基準時間に基づいて判定するため、製氷機の設置場所の気温や製氷水の温度が急激に変化した場合に対応するのが困難となる。例えば、製氷機の設置場所の気温が何等かの原因で急激に低下すると、製氷運転での氷塊の成長が促進されて製氷時間は短くなる。このような製氷時間の短縮においても、一定の基準時間に基づいて判定した場合には、製氷異常が発生したと誤判定を起こしてしまう虞がある。同様に、製氷水タンクへ供給される水道水の温度が急激に低下した場合にも、製氷時間が短縮するので、一律の基準時間を用いると誤判定を起こす可能性がある。   However, since the determination method described above makes a determination based on a certain reference time, it is difficult to cope with a sudden change in the temperature of the ice making machine installation location or the temperature of the ice making water. For example, if the temperature at the place where the ice making machine is installed suddenly drops for some reason, the growth of ice blocks in the ice making operation is promoted and the ice making time is shortened. Even in such a shortening of the ice making time, if it is determined based on a certain reference time, an erroneous determination may occur that an ice making abnormality has occurred. Similarly, even when the temperature of the tap water supplied to the ice making water tank suddenly drops, the ice making time is shortened, and therefore a misjudgment may occur if a uniform reference time is used.

そこで本発明は、前述した従来の技術に内在している前記課題に鑑み、これを好適に解決するべく提案されたものであって、誤判定の発生を抑制し、製氷異常の発生の有無を正確に判定し得る自動製氷機を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above-described problems inherent in the above-described conventional technology, the present invention has been proposed to suitably solve this problem, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of misjudgment and determine whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic ice making machine capable of accurately determining.

前述した課題を解決し、所期の目的を好適に達成するため、本願の請求項１に係る発明の自動製氷機は、
製氷部に製氷水タンクに貯留されている製氷水を供給することで氷塊を生成すると共に、製氷部で氷結に至らなかった製氷水を製氷水タンクに回収する製氷運転と、前記製氷部に生成された氷塊を離脱させる除氷運転とを交互に繰り返す自動製氷機において、
製氷運転において、前記製氷水タンク内の水位が上側水位から下側水位に到達するまでに要する製氷異常判定時間を測定する製氷異常検知タイマと、
前記製氷異常検知タイマで測定された製氷異常判定時間と当該製氷運転より前の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間に基づく可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えた場合に、製氷異常が発生したと判定する判定手段とを備えていることを特徴とする。
請求項１の発明によれば、過去の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間に基づいて変化する可変基準時間を用いて製氷異常の判定を行なうようにしたので、一定の基準時間を用いて判定する場合のように、自動製氷機の設置場所の気温や製氷水の温度等が急激に変化した際にも製氷異常が発生したと誤判定を起こすのを抑制することができる。すなわち、製氷時間の短縮または延長を伴う製氷異常の発生の有無を、正確に判定することが可能となる。 In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the intended purpose suitably, an automatic ice maker according to claim 1 of the present application is
Generate ice blocks by supplying ice making water stored in the ice making water tank to the ice making unit, and collect ice making water that did not freeze in the ice making unit in the ice making water tank, and generate in the ice making unit In an automatic ice making machine that alternately repeats the deicing operation to remove the ice blocks
In the ice making operation, an ice making abnormality detection timer for measuring an ice making abnormality determination time required for the water level in the ice making water tank to reach the lower water level from the upper water level;
When the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer and the variable reference time based on the ice making abnormality determination time measured in the ice making operation before the ice making operation exceeds a set value, the ice making abnormality is detected. And determining means for determining that it has occurred.
According to the invention of claim 1, since the ice making abnormality is determined by using the variable reference time that changes based on the ice making abnormality determining time measured in the past ice making operation, the constant reference time is used. As in the case of the determination, it is possible to suppress erroneous determination that the ice making abnormality has occurred even when the temperature of the installation place of the automatic ice making machine, the temperature of the ice making water, or the like changes rapidly. That is, it is possible to accurately determine whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred that accompanies shortening or extending the ice making time.

請求項２に係る自動製氷機では、可変基準時間は、当該製氷運転の直前の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間に設定される。
請求項２の発明によれば、直前の製氷運転における製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間としたので、自動製氷機の設置場所の気温や製氷水の温度の変化があった場合に、当該変化に応じて変化した製氷異常判定時間が可変基準時間に設定される。すなわち、気温や製氷水の温度変化に応じて変化した可変基準時間を用いて判定を行なうので、製氷異常の発生の有無を正確に判定することが可能となる。また、直前の製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間とすることで、制御が簡略となり、処理負担を抑えることができる。 In the automatic ice maker according to claim 2, the variable reference time is set to the ice making abnormality determination time measured in the ice making operation immediately before the ice making operation.
According to the invention of claim 2, since the ice making abnormality determination time in the immediately preceding ice making operation is set as the variable reference time, when there is a change in the temperature of the place where the automatic ice making machine is installed or the temperature of the ice making water, The ice making abnormality determination time changed accordingly is set to the variable reference time. That is, since the determination is performed using the variable reference time changed according to the temperature change or the temperature change of the ice making water, it is possible to accurately determine whether or not the ice making abnormality has occurred. Further, by setting the immediately preceding ice making abnormality determination time as the variable reference time, the control is simplified and the processing load can be suppressed.

請求項３に係る自動製氷機では、可変基準時間は、当該製氷運転の複数回前の製氷運転から直前の製氷運転までに測定された各製氷異常判定時間の平均値に設定される。
請求項３の発明によれば、前記可変基準時間を、当該製氷運転の複数回前の製氷運転から直前の製氷運転までに測定された各製氷異常判定時間の平均値に設定するので、過去の製氷異常判定時間の変化を的確に反映した可変基準時間を用いて製氷異常の発生の有無を判定することができる。従って、例えば、設置場所の気温や製氷水の温度が直前の製氷運転から当該製氷運転の間に上下に変動し、製氷異常判定時間が大きく変化した場合にも、過去の製氷異常判定時間の平均をとることで可変基準時間として適正な値が設定されて、製氷異常の発生の有無を正確に判定することが可能となる。 In the automatic ice making machine according to claim 3, the variable reference time is set to the average value of the ice making abnormality determination times measured from the ice making operation a plurality of times before the ice making operation to the immediately preceding ice making operation.
According to the invention of claim 3, since the variable reference time is set to an average value of each ice making abnormality determination time measured from the ice making operation a plurality of times before the ice making operation to the immediately preceding ice making operation, Whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred can be determined using a variable reference time that accurately reflects the change in the ice making abnormality determining time. Therefore, for example, even if the temperature of the installation site or the temperature of the ice making water fluctuates up and down between the previous ice making operation and the ice making operation, and the ice making abnormality determination time changes greatly, the average of past ice making abnormality determination times By taking this, an appropriate value is set as the variable reference time, and it is possible to accurately determine whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred.

請求項４に係る自動製氷機では、製氷運転において製氷水タンク内の水位が少なくとも最初に前記下側水位に到達した際に製氷水タンクへ追加給水を行う給水手段を備えている。
請求項４の発明によれば、製氷運転中に追加給水を行なうタイプの自動製氷機において、製氷運転が完全に終了する前に製氷異常を検知し得るので、早い段階で異常を検知して被害を抑えることが可能となる。 The automatic ice making machine according to claim 4 includes water supply means for supplying additional water to the ice making water tank when the water level in the ice making water tank first reaches the lower water level in ice making operation.
According to the invention of claim 4, in the type of automatic ice maker that performs additional water supply during the ice making operation, the ice making abnormality can be detected before the ice making operation is completely completed. Can be suppressed.

本発明に係る自動製氷機によれば、誤判定の発生を抑制して、製氷異常の発生の有無を正確に判定することが可能となる。   According to the automatic ice maker according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of erroneous determination and accurately determine whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred.

実施例に係る流下式製氷機の全体構成を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the flow-down type ice making machine which concerns on an Example. 実施例に係る流下式製氷機の運転方法を実施する制御系のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the control system which enforces the operating method of the flow down type ice making machine concerning an example. 実施例に係る流下式製氷機の運転方法を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the operating method of the flow-down type ice making machine which concerns on an Example. 変更例に係る流下式製氷機の運転方法を実施する制御系のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the control system which implements the operating method of the flow-down type ice making machine which concerns on the example of a change. 変更例に係る流下式製氷機の運転方法を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the operating method of the flow-down type ice maker which concerns on the example of a change.

次に、本発明に係る自動製氷機につき、好適な実施例を挙げて、添付図面を参照しながら以下説明する。なお、実施例では、自動製氷機として流下式製氷機を例に説明を行なう。   Next, an automatic ice making machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of preferred embodiments. In the embodiment, a flow-down type ice maker will be described as an example of an automatic ice maker.

図１は、実施例に係る自動製氷機としての流下式製氷機の概略構成を示すものであって、垂直に配置した一対の製氷板１０,１０の対向面間(裏面間)に、冷凍系１２を構成する蒸発管１４が横方向に蛇行するよう密着して挟持固定され、製氷運転時に該蒸発管１４に冷媒を循環させて製氷板１０,１０を強制冷却するよう構成される。実施例では、一対の製氷板１０,１０からなる製氷部１６が、複数並列に配置されている。これら製氷部１６の直下には、除氷運転により製氷板１０,１０から剥離されて落下する氷塊を、斜め下方に配設したストッカ１８に案内する氷案内板２０が傾斜姿勢で配設されている。なお、この氷案内板２０には多数の通孔(図示せず)が穿設されており、製氷運転に際し前記製氷板１０,１０の製氷面に供給された製氷水は、該氷案内板２０の通孔を介して下方に位置する製氷水タンク２２に回収貯留されるようになっている。また、ストッカ１８内には氷塊の満杯検知を行なう氷検知手段(図示せず)が配設されており、該氷検知手段による満杯検知信号に基づいて、後述する制御装置４２が製氷機の運転または停止の制御を行なうよう構成される。   FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a flow-down type ice making machine as an automatic ice making machine according to an embodiment, and a refrigeration system is provided between opposing surfaces (between back surfaces) of a pair of ice making plates 10 and 10 arranged vertically. The evaporating pipes 14 constituting the twelve are tightly clamped and fixed so as to meander in the horizontal direction, and the ice making plates 10 and 10 are forcibly cooled by circulating a refrigerant through the evaporating pipe 14 during the ice making operation. In the embodiment, a plurality of ice making parts 16 composed of a pair of ice making plates 10 and 10 are arranged in parallel. Immediately below these ice making parts 16, there are arranged ice guide plates 20 in an inclined posture for guiding ice blocks that are separated from the ice making plates 10 and 10 by the deicing operation and fall to the stocker 18 disposed obliquely below. Yes. The ice guide plate 20 has a plurality of through holes (not shown), and the ice making water supplied to the ice making surfaces of the ice making plates 10 and 10 during the ice making operation is the ice guide plate 20. It is collected and stored in the ice making water tank 22 located below through the through hole. The stocker 18 is provided with ice detecting means (not shown) for detecting the fullness of the ice block. Based on the full detection signal from the ice detecting means, the control device 42 described later operates the ice making machine. Alternatively, it is configured to perform stop control.

前記製氷水タンク２２から循環ポンプＰＭを介して導出した製氷水供給管２４は、前記各製氷部１６の上方に設けた製氷水散布器２６に夫々接続してある。各製氷水散布器２６には多数の散水孔が穿設され、製氷運転時に製氷水タンク２２からポンプ圧送される製氷水を、前記散水孔から前記対応する製氷板１０,１０の氷結温度にまで冷却されている製氷面に散布流下させ、該製氷面に所要形状の氷塊を生成するようになっている。また除氷運転に際して、冷凍系１２に配設されるホットガス弁ＨＶの切換えにより、前記蒸発管１４にホットガス(高温冷媒)を循環させて製氷板１０,１０を加熱し、氷塊の各製氷面との氷結面を融解させるよう構成される。なお、製氷部１６の上方には、除氷運転時に常温の水(除氷水)を製氷板１０の裏面に供給する除氷水散布器(図示せず)が設けられている。   The ice making water supply pipes 24 led out from the ice making water tank 22 through the circulation pump PM are respectively connected to ice making water spreaders 26 provided above the ice making parts 16. Each ice making water spreader 26 has a large number of water sprinkling holes so that ice making water pumped from the ice making water tank 22 during ice making operation can reach the freezing temperature of the corresponding ice making plates 10 and 10 from the water sprinkling holes. An ice lump having a required shape is generated on the ice making surface by spraying it down on the ice making surface being cooled. In the deicing operation, the hot gas valve HV disposed in the refrigeration system 12 is switched to circulate hot gas (high-temperature refrigerant) in the evaporation pipe 14 to heat the ice making plates 10 and 10, thereby making each ice block ice making. Constructed to melt the frozen surface with the surface. A deicing water sprayer (not shown) is provided above the ice making unit 16 for supplying normal temperature water (deicing water) to the back surface of the ice making plate 10 during the deicing operation.

前記製氷水タンク２２の上方には、製氷運転中に製氷水の追加給水を行なう給水手段４４が設けられている。この給水手段４４は、外部水道系に接続する給水管２８と、該給水管２８に介挿した給水弁ＷＶとから構成され、該給水弁ＷＶを開放することで、製氷水タンク２２に、製氷水として用いられる所定量の水道水を供給するよう構成される。また、前記製氷水タンク２２にはオーバーフロー管３０が配設され、該タンク２２中に貯留される製氷水の貯留量を規定するようになっている。   Above the ice making water tank 22, water supply means 44 for supplying additional ice making water during ice making operation is provided. The water supply means 44 is composed of a water supply pipe 28 connected to an external water system and a water supply valve WV inserted in the water supply pipe 28. By opening the water supply valve WV, the ice making water tank 22 is supplied with ice making water. It is configured to supply a predetermined amount of tap water used as water. The ice making water tank 22 is provided with an overflow pipe 30 so as to regulate the amount of ice making water stored in the tank 22.

前記製氷水タンク２２には、該製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位を検知可能なフロートスイッチＦＳが配設されている。このフロートスイッチＦＳは、製氷水タンク２２内に上下に延在するよう設けられたステム部４６と、該ステム部４６に沿って上下に浮き沈みするフロート４８とから基本的に構成され、ステム部４６の内部には、上下に離間してスイッチ５０,５２が設けられている。図１に示すように、上側のスイッチ５０(以下、上側スイッチという)は、製氷水タンク２２内に設定した製氷水の上側水位Ｌuの位置に設けられ、また、下側のスイッチ５２(以下、下側スイッチという)は、製氷水タンク２２内に設定した製氷水の下側水位Ｌdの位置に設けられている。前記上側水位Ｌuは、オーバーフロー管３０で規定される上限水位から下方に設定される。また、前記下側水位Ｌdは、製氷水タンク２２の底部から上方に設定されている。 The ice making water tank 22 is provided with a float switch FS that can detect the water level of the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22. The float switch FS basically includes a stem portion 46 provided so as to extend vertically in the ice making water tank 22, and a float 48 that floats up and down along the stem portion 46. Are provided with switches 50 and 52 spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper switch 50 (hereinafter, referred to as upper switch) is provided at a position of the upper water level L u of the ice-making water set in ice-making water tank 22, also the lower switch 52 (hereinafter The lower switch is provided at the lower water level L d of the ice making water set in the ice making water tank 22. The upper water level Lu is set downward from the upper limit water level defined by the overflow pipe 30. The lower water level L d is set upward from the bottom of the ice making water tank 22.

前記上側スイッチ５０および下側スイッチ５２は、フロート４８が通過することによりオン・オフ状態が切り換わるようになっている。すなわち、製氷水タンク２２内に製氷水が供給されて、前記フロート４８が下側スイッチ５２および上側スイッチ５０を通過すると、両スイッチ５０,５２はオン状態となる。一方、製氷水の水位が上側水位Ｌuを下回り前記フロート４８が上側スイッチ５０を通過すると、上側スイッチ５０はオフ状態、下側スイッチ５２はオン状態となる。更に、製氷水の水位が下側水位Ｌdを下回り前記フロート４８が下側スイッチ５２を通過すると、下側スイッチ５２もオフ状態となる。なお、実施例では、前記オーバーフロー管３０で規定される上限水位から製氷運転が開始されるようになっている。また、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位が低下して、下側スイッチ５２が最初にオフ状態となると、前記給水弁ＷＶが開放して追加給水を１回だけ行なうようになっている。この追加給水は、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位が前記上側水位Ｌuに到達し、上側スイッチ５０がオン状態となると終了するよう設定されている。従って、製氷水タンク２２内の上側水位Ｌuから下側水位Ｌdまでに貯留される製氷水は、製氷運転が完了するまでに必要な製氷水の量の約１／２となる。 The upper switch 50 and the lower switch 52 are switched on and off when the float 48 passes through. That is, when ice making water is supplied into the ice making water tank 22 and the float 48 passes through the lower switch 52 and the upper switch 50, both switches 50 and 52 are turned on. On the other hand, when the ice making water level falls below the upper water level Lu and the float 48 passes through the upper switch 50, the upper switch 50 is turned off and the lower switch 52 is turned on. Further, when the water level of the ice-making water is the float 48 falls below the lower water level L d passes the lower switch 52, also turned off lower switch 52. In the embodiment, the ice making operation is started from the upper limit water level defined by the overflow pipe 30. Further, when the water level of the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 is lowered and the lower switch 52 is initially turned off, the water supply valve WV is opened to perform additional water supply only once. This additional water is the water level of the ice-making water in the ice-making water tank 22 reaches the upper water level L u, is set to end the upper switch 50 is turned on. Accordingly, the ice making water stored from the upper water level Lu to the lower water level L d in the ice making water tank 22 is about ½ of the amount of ice making water required until the ice making operation is completed.

図１に示す如く、前記冷凍系１２において、圧縮機ＣＭで圧縮された気化冷媒は、吐出管３２を経て凝縮器３４で凝縮液化し、膨張弁３６で減圧され、前記蒸発管１４に流入してここで一挙に膨張して蒸発し、前記各製氷部１６の製氷板１０,１０と熱交換を行なって、該製氷板１０,１０を氷点下にまで冷却させる。この蒸発管１４で蒸発した気化冷媒は、吸入管３８を経て圧縮機ＣＭに帰還するサイクルを反復する。   As shown in FIG. 1, in the refrigeration system 12, the vaporized refrigerant compressed by the compressor CM is condensed and liquefied by the condenser 34 through the discharge pipe 32, decompressed by the expansion valve 36, and flows into the evaporation pipe 14. The ice making plates 10 and 10 of each ice making section 16 are then heat-exchanged to cool to below the freezing point. The vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporation pipe 14 repeats a cycle of returning to the compressor CM via the suction pipe 38.

更に、前記圧縮機ＣＭの吐出管３２からホットガス管４０が分岐され、このホットガス管４０はホットガス弁ＨＶを経て、前記蒸発管１４の入口側に連通されている。このホットガス弁ＨＶは、除氷運転の際にのみ開放し、製氷運転時は閉成する制御がなされる。すなわち、除氷運転時にホットガス弁ＨＶが開放して、圧縮機ＣＭから吐出されるホットガスを、前記ホットガス管４０を介して蒸発管１４にバイパスさせ、各製氷部１６の製氷板１０,１０を加温することにより、製氷面に生成される氷塊の氷結面を融解させて、該氷塊を自重により落下させるようになっている。なお、図１中の符号ＦＭは、凝縮器３４用の冷却ファンを示す。   Further, a hot gas pipe 40 is branched from the discharge pipe 32 of the compressor CM, and the hot gas pipe 40 communicates with the inlet side of the evaporation pipe 14 via a hot gas valve HV. The hot gas valve HV is controlled to be opened only during the deicing operation and closed during the ice making operation. That is, the hot gas valve HV is opened during the deicing operation, and the hot gas discharged from the compressor CM is bypassed to the evaporation pipe 14 via the hot gas pipe 40, and the ice making plates 10, By heating 10, the icing surface of the ice block generated on the ice making surface is melted, and the ice block is dropped by its own weight. In addition, the code | symbol FM in FIG. 1 shows the cooling fan for the condenser 34. FIG.

図２は、実施例に係る流下式製氷機の制御系を示すものであって、該製氷機は、その電気的制御の全般を統括するマイクロコンピュータ等からなる制御装置４２を備え、該制御装置４２には、前記上側および下側スイッチ５０,５２が接続されている。この制御装置４２は、製氷運転が開始され、製氷水の水位が前記下側水位Ｌdに２度目に到達したときに、製氷運転を停止して除氷運転に切換える制御を行なう。また、制御装置４２は、製氷運転において、製氷水の水位が上側水位Ｌuから下側水位Ｌdに到達するまでに要する製氷異常判定時間を測定する製氷異常検知タイマ５４を備えている。この製氷異常検知タイマ５４は、前記上側スイッチ５０がオフ状態となったときにカウント動作を開始(オン)し、下側スイッチ５２がオフ状態となったときにカウント動作を終了(オフ)するよう設定される。 FIG. 2 shows a control system of a flow-down type ice making machine according to an embodiment, and the ice making machine includes a control device 42 composed of a microcomputer or the like that supervises the overall electrical control. The upper and lower switches 50 and 52 are connected to 42. The control device 42 performs control to stop the ice making operation and switch to the deicing operation when the ice making operation is started and the water level of the ice making water reaches the lower water level L d for the second time. Further, the control device 42, in the ice making operation, and a freezing abnormality detection timer 54 the water level of the ice-making water to measure the ice making abnormality determination time required to reach the lower water level L d from the upper water level L u. The ice making abnormality detection timer 54 starts (on) the counting operation when the upper switch 50 is turned off, and ends (off) the counting operation when the lower switch 52 is turned off. Is set.

更に制御装置４２は、当該製氷運転より前の製氷運転で製氷異常検知タイマ５４が測定した製氷異常判定時間に基づいて可変基準時間を算出する算出部５６を備えている。可変基準時間とは、後述する判定部(判定手段)５８により製氷異常の発生の有無を判定する際に基準値として用いられるものであって、算出部５６は、過去の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間に応じて可変基準時間を設定するようになっている。実施例では、算出部５６は、直前の製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間として設定する。すなわち、可変基準時間をＴa、ｎ回目の製氷運転における製氷異常判定時間をＴnとすれば、可変基準時間はＴa＝Ｔn-1で表される。従って、可変基準時間は、直前の製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間に応じて変化することとなる。なお、算出部５６は、前回の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間を記憶するメモリ(図示せず)を備えており、可変基準時間を設定する際に、該メモリから製氷異常判定時間を読み出すように構成されている。 Furthermore, the control device 42 includes a calculation unit 56 that calculates a variable reference time based on the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 in the ice making operation prior to the ice making operation. The variable reference time is used as a reference value when determining whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred by a determination unit (determination means) 58 described later, and the calculation unit 56 is measured in past ice making operations. A variable reference time is set according to the ice making abnormality determination time. In the embodiment, the calculation unit 56 sets the ice making abnormality determination time in the immediately preceding ice making operation as the variable reference time. That is, if the variable reference time is T a and the ice making abnormality determination time in the n-th ice making operation is T n , the variable reference time is expressed as T a = T n−1 . Therefore, the variable reference time changes according to the ice making abnormality determination time in the immediately preceding ice making operation. The calculation unit 56 includes a memory (not shown) that stores the ice making abnormality determination time measured in the previous ice making operation, and sets the ice making abnormality determination time from the memory when setting the variable reference time. It is configured to read.

制御装置４２は、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えた場合に、製氷異常が発生したと判定する判定部５８を備えている。すなわち、多重製氷等の製氷異常が発生し、製氷異常判定時間が可変基準時間(すなわち、直前の製氷異常判定時間)から大きく変化した場合に、判定部５８は製氷異常が発生したと判定するようになっている。具体的には、判定部５８は、製氷異常判定時間(Ｔn)と可変基準時間(Ｔa)との差の絶対値(|Ｔn−Ｔa|)が設定値を超えたか否かを判定する。なお、製氷異常が発生したか否かの閾値となる設定値は、流下式製氷機の製氷能力や設置環境等に応じて適宜の値に設定される。実施例では、設定値を２分に設定してある。従って、判定部５８は、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が２分以内であれば、製氷異常が発生していないと判定し、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が２分を超えれば、製氷異常が発生したと判定する。 The control device 42 includes a determination unit 58 that determines that an ice making abnormality has occurred when the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time exceeds a set value. That is, when an ice making abnormality such as multiple ice making occurs and the ice making abnormality determination time greatly changes from the variable reference time (that is, the immediately preceding ice making abnormality determination time), the determination unit 58 determines that an ice making abnormality has occurred. It has become. Specifically, the determination unit 58 determines whether or not the absolute value (| T n −T a |) of the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time (T n ) and the variable reference time (T a ) exceeds a set value. judge. Note that the set value serving as a threshold value as to whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred is set to an appropriate value according to the ice making capacity or installation environment of the flow-down ice making machine. In the embodiment, the set value is set to 2 minutes. Therefore, if the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time is within 2 minutes, the determination unit 58 determines that no ice making abnormality has occurred, and the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time is 2 If the minute is exceeded, it is determined that an ice making abnormality has occurred.

制御装置４２は、判定部５８が製氷異常の発生と判定すると、製氷運転を終了して直ちに除氷運転へ移行する制御を行なうよう設定されている。なお、製氷異常が発生したと判定されなかった場合、制御装置４２は、下側スイッチ５２が最初にオフ状態となったときに限り、前記給水弁ＷＶを開放して追加給水を行なうようになっている。一方、下側スイッチ５２が２度目のオフ状態となった場合、制御装置４２は、製氷運転を終了させて除氷運転へ移行する制御を行なう。   When the determination unit 58 determines that the ice making abnormality has occurred, the control device 42 is set to perform control to end the ice making operation and immediately shift to the deicing operation. If it is not determined that the ice making abnormality has occurred, the control device 42 opens the water supply valve WV and performs additional water supply only when the lower switch 52 is initially turned off. ing. On the other hand, when the lower switch 52 is turned off for the second time, the control device 42 performs control to end the ice making operation and shift to the deicing operation.

(実施例の作用)
次に、前述した実施例に係る流下式製氷機の作用について、図３のフローチャートを参照して説明する。なお、流下式製氷機への電源投入後の最初の製氷運転では、前回の製氷異常判定時間が測定されていないことから、判定部５８による異常判定が行なわれることはない。 (Operation of Example)
Next, the operation of the flow-down type ice making machine according to the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the first ice making operation after turning on the power to the flow-down type ice making machine, since the previous ice making abnormality determination time is not measured, the abnormality determination by the determination unit 58 is not performed.

先ず始めに、製氷異常が発生していない通常の製氷運転について説明する。なお、前回の製氷運転において測定された製氷異常判定時間は、算出部５６に記憶されているものとする。また、前記製氷水タンク２２には、除氷運転で回収された除氷水がオーバーフロー管３０で規定される上限水位まで貯留されており、前記上側スイッチ５０および下側スイッチ５２はオン状態となっている。製氷運転が開始すると、循環ポンプＰＭおよび冷却ファンＦＭが起動し、前記算出部５６は、記憶された前回の製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間に設定する(ステップＳ１)。   First, a normal ice making operation in which no ice making abnormality has occurred will be described. It is assumed that the ice making abnormality determination time measured in the previous ice making operation is stored in the calculation unit 56. Further, the ice making water tank 22 stores the deicing water collected in the deicing operation up to the upper limit water level defined by the overflow pipe 30, and the upper switch 50 and the lower switch 52 are turned on. Yes. When the ice making operation is started, the circulation pump PM and the cooling fan FM are activated, and the calculation unit 56 sets the stored previous ice making abnormality determination time as the variable reference time (step S1).

製氷運転の開始により、各製氷部１６における製氷板１０,１０は蒸発管１４内を循環する冷媒と熱交換を行なって強制冷却され、前記製氷水タンク２２から循環ポンプＰＭを介して製氷板１０,１０の製氷面に供給される製氷水は徐々に氷結を始める。なお、氷結することなく製氷面から落下する製氷水は、前記氷案内板２０の通孔を介して製氷水タンク２２に回収され、再び製氷板１０,１０に供給される。   With the start of the ice making operation, the ice making plates 10, 10 in each ice making section 16 are forcibly cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulating in the evaporation pipe 14, and the ice making plate 10 is supplied from the ice making water tank 22 via the circulation pump PM. , 10 ice making water supplied to the ice making surface gradually begins to freeze. The ice making water falling from the ice making surface without icing is collected in the ice making water tank 22 through the through hole of the ice guide plate 20 and supplied to the ice making plates 10 and 10 again.

前記製氷板１０に氷塊が次第に製造されていくと、当該氷塊の製造に応じて製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水が減少して、製氷水の水位が低下していく。そして、製氷水の水位が上側水位Ｌuを下回ると、前記フロート４８が上側スイッチ５０を通過して該上側スイッチ５０がオフ状態となり(ステップＳ２)、前記製氷異常検知タイマ５４が製氷異常判定時間の測定を開始する(ステップＳ３)。更に製氷運転が進行して、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位が前記下側水位Ｌdに到達すると、前記フロート４８が下側スイッチ５２を通過して該下側スイッチ５２がオフ状態となる(ステップＳ４)。すると、前記製氷異常検知タイマ５４が作動停止し(ステップＳ５)、製氷異常判定時間が測定される。 As ice blocks are gradually produced on the ice making plate 10, the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 decreases as the ice pieces are produced, and the water level of the ice making water decreases. When the water level of the ice-making water is below the upper level L u, the float 48 is upper-side switch 50 passes through the upper switch 50 is turned off (step S2), and the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 is abnormality determination time Ice Is started (step S3). When the ice making operation further proceeds and the ice making water level in the ice making water tank 22 reaches the lower water level L d , the float 48 passes through the lower switch 52 and the lower switch 52 is turned off. (Step S4). Then, the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 stops operating (step S5), and the ice making abnormality determination time is measured.

次いで、判定部５８は、製氷異常検知タイマ５４で測定された製氷異常判定時間とステップＳ１において算出部５６で設定された可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えるか否か判定する(ステップＳ６)。製氷異常が発生していない場合、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の減少速度は、前回の製氷運転における減少速度と大きく変わらないので、当該製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間は、前回の製氷異常判定時間と略等しくなる。従って、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値(２分)を超えることはなく、判定部５８は、製氷異常が発生していないと判定する(ステップＳ６のＮｏ)。次に、下側スイッチ５２は初めてオフ状態となったことから(ステップＳ７のＹｅｓ)、制御装置４２は、給水弁ＷＶを開放し(ステップＳ８)、製氷水タンク２２へ製氷水(水道水)を追加給水する。そして、製氷水タンク２２内の水位が上昇して、フロート４８が上側水位Ｌuに到達すると、前記上側スイッチ５０がオン状態となって(ステップＳ９のＹｅｓ)、制御装置４２は給水弁ＷＶを閉成し、追加給水を終了させる(ステップＳ１０)。すなわち、製氷水の追加給水は、製氷水タンク２２の上側水位Ｌuまで行なわれる。 Next, the determination unit 58 determines whether or not the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 and the variable reference time set by the calculation unit 56 in step S1 exceeds a set value (step S6). ). If no ice making abnormality has occurred, the rate of decrease in ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 is not significantly different from the rate of decrease in the previous ice making operation, so the ice making abnormality determination time in the ice making operation is the same as the previous ice making abnormality. It becomes substantially equal to the judgment time. Therefore, the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time does not exceed the set value (2 minutes), and the determination unit 58 determines that no ice making abnormality has occurred (No in step S6). Next, since the lower switch 52 is turned off for the first time (Yes in step S7), the control device 42 opens the water supply valve WV (step S8) and supplies ice-making water (tap water) to the ice-making water tank 22. Additional water supply. When the water level in the ice making water tank 22 rises and the float 48 reaches the upper water level Lu , the upper switch 50 is turned on (Yes in step S9), and the control device 42 turns the water supply valve WV on. It is closed and the additional water supply is terminated (step S10). That is, additional feed water of the ice making water is carried out until the upper level L u of the ice-making water tank 22.

このように製氷異常の発生が判定されない場合、製氷運転は継続されるので、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位は再び下降していく。すると、フロート４８が上側水位Ｌuを下回り前記上側スイッチ５０がオフ状態となって(ステップＳ２)、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が再び作動を開始する(ステップＳ３)。そして、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位が下側水位Ｌdに到達すると、下側スイッチ５２がオフ状態となって(ステップＳ４)、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が作動を停止する(ステップＳ５)。そして、判定部５８は、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が測定した製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えたか否か再び判定する(ステップＳ６)。 If the occurrence of the ice making abnormality is not determined as described above, the ice making operation is continued, so that the water level of the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 decreases again. Then, the float 48 the upper switch 50 below the upper water level L u is in the OFF state (step S2), and the ice abnormality detection timer 54 starts to operate again (step S3). When the water level of the ice-making water in the ice-making water tank 22 reaches the lower water level L d, the lower switch 52 is turned off (step S4), and the ice abnormality detection timer 54 stops the operation (step S5 ). Then, the determination unit 58 determines again whether or not the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 and the variable reference time exceeds the set value (step S6).

製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差は設定値以内であることから(ステップＳ６のＮｏ)、制御装置４２は、下側スイッチ５２が最初のオフ状態であるか否かを判定する(ステップＳ７)。下側スイッチ５２は、２回目のオフ状態であるので(ステップＳ７のＮｏ)、制御装置４２は製氷運転を終了させて除氷運転へ移行する(ステップＳ１１,Ｓ１２)。なお、除氷運転に移行すると、前記ホットガス弁ＨＶが開放されて、前記蒸発管１４にホットガスが循環供給される。この除氷運転により前記各製氷部１６の製氷板１０,１０から氷塊が完全に離脱して除氷が完了すると、前記制御装置４２は除氷運転を終了して製氷運転に移行させる。なお、除氷運転中に供給された除氷水は製氷水タンク２２に回収され、次回の製氷運転において製氷水として用いられる。この除氷水は、除氷運転終了時に、オーバーフロー管３０が規定する上限水位まで貯留される。   Since the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time is within the set value (No in Step S6), the control device 42 determines whether or not the lower switch 52 is in the first off state (Step S6). S7). Since the lower switch 52 is off for the second time (No in step S7), the control device 42 ends the ice making operation and shifts to the deicing operation (steps S11 and S12). When the deicing operation is started, the hot gas valve HV is opened, and hot gas is circulated and supplied to the evaporation pipe 14. When the ice block is completely detached from the ice making plates 10 and 10 of each ice making unit 16 by this deicing operation and the deicing is completed, the control device 42 ends the deicing operation and shifts to the ice making operation. The deicing water supplied during the deicing operation is collected in the ice making water tank 22 and used as ice making water in the next ice making operation. This deicing water is stored up to the upper limit water level defined by the overflow pipe 30 at the end of the deicing operation.

次に、多重製氷により製氷時間が短くなる製氷異常が発生した場合について、以下説明を行なう。なお、製氷異常は、製氷運転中において、上側スイッチ５０が最初にオフ状態となってから下側スイッチ５２がオフ状態となるまでの間に発生したとする。製氷異常が発生すると、製氷板１０に除去されずに連結した氷塊を伝って製氷水がストッカ１８等に放出され、製氷水タンク２２への回収が少なくなる。従って、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水は早く減少し、製氷水タンク２２内の水位が上側水位Ｌuから下側水位Ｌdに到達するまでの時間は短くなるので、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が測定する製氷異常判定時間は短くなる(ステップＳ５)。 Next, the case where an ice making abnormality occurs due to the multiple ice making and the ice making time is shortened will be described below. It is assumed that the ice making abnormality occurs between the time when the upper switch 50 is initially turned off and the time when the lower switch 52 is turned off during the ice making operation. When the ice making abnormality occurs, ice making water is discharged to the stocker 18 or the like through the ice blocks connected to the ice making plate 10 without being removed, and the recovery to the ice making water tank 22 is reduced. Accordingly, the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 decreases quickly, and the time until the water level in the ice making water tank 22 reaches the lower water level L d from the upper water level Lu is shortened. The ice making abnormality determination time to be measured is shortened (step S5).

次に、前記判定部５８は、測定された製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えるか否かについて判定する(ステップＳ６)。ここで、製氷異常判定時間は、前回の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間(すなわち、可変基準時間)よりも短くなっているので、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差は大きくなる。従って、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えて(ステップＳ６のＹｅｓ)、判定部５８は製氷異常が発生したと判定する(ステップＳ１３)。すると、制御装置４２は、直ちに製氷運転を終了させると共に除氷運転へ移行して(ステップＳ１１,Ｓ１２)、製氷板１０に形成された連結した氷塊を取り除く。なお、製氷異常が判定された場合、製氷水タンク２２への追加給水が行なわれることはない。   Next, the determination unit 58 determines whether or not the difference between the measured ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time exceeds a set value (step S6). Here, since the ice making abnormality determination time is shorter than the ice making abnormality determination time (that is, the variable reference time) measured in the previous ice making operation, the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time becomes large. . Therefore, when the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time exceeds the set value (Yes in step S6), the determination unit 58 determines that an ice making abnormality has occurred (step S13). Then, the control device 42 immediately ends the ice making operation and shifts to the deicing operation (steps S11 and S12), and removes the connected ice blocks formed on the ice making plate 10. In addition, when the ice making abnormality is determined, additional water supply to the ice making water tank 22 is not performed.

このように、実施例に係る流下式製氷機によれば、製氷時間が短くなる製氷異常が発生した場合において、製氷水タンク２２への追加給水を行なう前の段階で当該異常を検知し得るので、製氷運転の終了を待たずして異常に対応することが可能となる。従って、連結した大きな氷塊が形成される前に製氷異常を検知でき、製氷板１０等の変形や破損を最小限に止めることができる。なお、製氷異常の発生が判定された場合、算出部５６は、そのときの製氷異常判定時間を次回の製氷運転における可変基準時間に設定することはない。この場合、次回の製氷運転では、電源投入後の最初の製氷運転の場合と同様に、判定部５８による異常判定は行なわないよう設定されている。なお、追加給水が行なわれた後に製氷異常が発生した場合においても、上記同様にして製氷異常を検知することは可能である。   Thus, according to the flow down type ice making machine according to the embodiment, when an ice making abnormality occurs in which the ice making time is shortened, the abnormality can be detected at a stage before the additional water supply to the ice making water tank 22 is performed. Therefore, it is possible to cope with the abnormality without waiting for the end of the ice making operation. Therefore, the ice making abnormality can be detected before the large connected ice blocks are formed, and deformation and breakage of the ice making plate 10 and the like can be minimized. When it is determined that the ice making abnormality has occurred, the calculation unit 56 does not set the ice making abnormality determination time at that time as the variable reference time in the next ice making operation. In this case, in the next ice making operation, as in the case of the first ice making operation after the power is turned on, the abnormality determination by the determination unit 58 is set not to be performed. Even when an ice making abnormality occurs after the additional water supply is performed, the ice making abnormality can be detected in the same manner as described above.

次に、製氷板１０に氷塊が除去されないまま製氷運転が開始されても、製氷水が製氷水タンク２２へ回収されるような製氷異常が発生した場合について説明する。この場合、製氷水の冷却効率が低下するので、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水はゆっくりと減少し、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が測定する製氷異常判定時間は長くなる(ステップＳ５)。次いで、前記判定部５８は、測定された製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えるか否かについて判定する(ステップＳ６)。すると、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えているので(ステップＳ６のＹｅｓ)、判定部５８は、製氷異常が発生したと判定する(ステップＳ１３)。そして、制御装置４２は、直ちに製氷運転を終了させると共に除氷運転へ移行して(ステップＳ１１,Ｓ１２)、製氷板１０に残留した氷塊を取り除く。このように、実施例に係る流下式製氷機によれば、製氷時間が長くなるような製氷異常が発生したような場合においても、当該異常を早い段階で確実に検知することができる。   Next, a description will be given of a case in which an ice making abnormality occurs such that ice making water is recovered into the ice making water tank 22 even if the ice making operation is started without removing ice blocks on the ice making plate 10. In this case, since the cooling efficiency of the ice making water decreases, the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 decreases slowly, and the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 becomes longer (step S5). Next, the determination unit 58 determines whether or not the difference between the measured ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time exceeds a set value (step S6). Then, since the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time exceeds the set value (Yes in step S6), the determination unit 58 determines that an ice making abnormality has occurred (step S13). Then, the control device 42 immediately ends the ice making operation and shifts to the deicing operation (steps S11 and S12), and removes ice blocks remaining on the ice making plate 10. As described above, according to the flow-down type ice making machine according to the embodiment, even when an ice making abnormality such that the ice making time is prolonged occurs, the abnormality can be reliably detected at an early stage.

次に、例えば、流下式製氷機の設置場所の気温が何等かの理由で急激に低下した場合について説明する。設置場所の気温が低下すると、製氷板１０の氷塊の成長が促進されて、通常よりも製氷時間が早くなる。すなわち、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の減少が早くなって、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が測定する製氷異常判定時間は、前回の製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間に比べて短くなる。そして、この設置場所の気温低下が継続すれば、製氷水として供給される水道水の温度も低下していき、製氷異常判定時間は、製氷運転を重ねる毎に短くなっていく。   Next, for example, a case where the temperature at the place where the flow-down type ice maker is installed suddenly decreases for some reason will be described. When the temperature at the installation location is lowered, the growth of ice blocks on the ice making plate 10 is promoted, and the ice making time becomes faster than usual. That is, the ice-making water in the ice-making water tank 22 decreases rapidly, and the ice-making abnormality determination time measured by the ice-making abnormality detection timer 54 is shorter than the ice-making abnormality determination time in the previous ice making operation. And if the temperature fall of this installation place continues, the temperature of the tap water supplied as ice making water will also fall, and ice making abnormality determination time will become short whenever it repeats ice making operation.

ここで、従来例の如く、一定の基準時間を用いて異常判定を行なうと、以下のように誤判定が生ずる虞がある。製氷異常判定時間は、製氷運転を重ねる毎に短くなるので、基準時間との差は次第に大きくなる。従って、基準時間と製氷異常判定時間との差は、いずれ設定値を超えてしまい、製氷異常が発生したと誤判定を起こす虞がある。例えば、基準時間が２０分であると仮定し、製氷異常が発生した製氷運転における製氷異常判定時間が１９分とすれば、この製氷運転において製氷異常が発生したと誤判定されることはない。次の製氷運転で製氷異常判定時間が１８分に短縮したとしても、製氷異常判定時間と基準時間との差が設定値以内であるので、この製氷運転でも誤判定は生じない。しかしながら、更に次の製氷運転で製氷異常判定時間が１７分であったとすると、製氷異常判定時間と基準時間との差が２分を超えるので、製氷異常が発生したと誤判定されてしまう。   Here, if the abnormality determination is performed using a certain reference time as in the conventional example, an erroneous determination may occur as follows. Since the ice making abnormality determination time is shortened each time the ice making operation is repeated, the difference from the reference time gradually increases. Therefore, the difference between the reference time and the ice making abnormality determination time will eventually exceed the set value, and there is a risk of erroneous determination that an ice making abnormality has occurred. For example, assuming that the reference time is 20 minutes and the ice making abnormality determination time in the ice making operation in which the ice making abnormality occurs is 19 minutes, it is not erroneously determined that the ice making abnormality has occurred in this ice making operation. Even if the ice making abnormality determination time is shortened to 18 minutes in the next ice making operation, since the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the reference time is within the set value, no erroneous determination occurs in this ice making operation. However, if the ice making abnormality determination time is 17 minutes in the next ice making operation, the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the reference time exceeds 2 minutes, so that it is erroneously determined that an ice making abnormality has occurred.

これに対し実施例に係る流下式製氷機では、算出部５６は直前の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間として設定するので、製氷運転を重ねる毎に短くなっていく製氷異常判定時間に応じて可変基準時間も短くなる。従って、当該製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間と直前の製氷異常判定時間との差が極端に開くことはなく、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えることはない。前述の例に合わせると、前回の製氷運転において製氷異常判定時間が２０分であったとし、製氷異常が発生していない当該製氷運転における製氷異常判定時間が１９分であれば、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差は１分となり、製氷異常が発生したと誤判定されることはない。そして、次の製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間が１８分であったとしても、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差はやはり２分以内となって、誤判定が発生することはない。更に次の製氷運転で製氷異常判定時間が１７分であった場合も、可変基準時間が１８分に設定されることから同様である。   On the other hand, in the flow-down type ice making machine according to the embodiment, the calculation unit 56 sets the ice making abnormality determination time measured in the immediately preceding ice making operation as the variable reference time, and therefore, the ice making abnormality that becomes shorter each time the ice making operation is repeated. The variable reference time is also shortened according to the determination time. Accordingly, the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time in the ice making operation and the immediately preceding ice making abnormality determination time does not extremely open, and the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time does not exceed the set value. In accordance with the above-described example, if the ice making abnormality determination time is 20 minutes in the previous ice making operation, and if the ice making abnormality determination time in the ice making operation in which no ice making abnormality has occurred is 19 minutes, the ice making abnormality determination time is And the variable reference time is 1 minute, and it is not erroneously determined that an ice making abnormality has occurred. Even if the ice making abnormality determination time in the next ice making operation is 18 minutes, the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time is still within 2 minutes, and no erroneous determination occurs. Further, when the ice making abnormality determination time is 17 minutes in the next ice making operation, the same is true because the variable reference time is set to 18 minutes.

このように、実施例に係る流下式製氷機によれば、直前の製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間とすることで、可変基準時間が設置環境等に応じて変化するので、製氷異常の誤判定が発生するのを好適に防止することができる。しかも、算出部５６は、直前の製氷異常判定時間を可変基準時間に設定するので、可変基準時間を設定する際の制御処理が簡略化され、コストを低廉とし得る。   As described above, according to the flow-down type ice making machine according to the embodiment, the variable reference time changes according to the installation environment etc. by setting the immediately preceding ice making abnormality determination time as the variable reference time. Can be suitably prevented. In addition, since the calculation unit 56 sets the immediately preceding ice making abnormality determination time to the variable reference time, the control process when setting the variable reference time is simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

(変更例)
次に、変更例に係る自動製氷機について、以下説明する。変更例においても、自動製氷機として流下式製氷機を採用した場合を例に説明する。なお、変更例の説明では、実施例と相違する箇所のみ説明することとし、実施例と同一の部材については、同じ符号を付して説明は省略する。 (Example of change)
Next, an automatic ice making machine according to a modified example will be described below. Also in the modified example, a case where a flow-down type ice maker is adopted as an automatic ice maker will be described as an example. In the description of the modified example, only portions different from the example will be described, and the same members as those in the example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

変更例に係る流下式製氷機は、算出部６０による可変基準時間の設定方法が実施例と相違している。すなわち、図４に示すように、変更例の算出部６０は、当該製氷運転の複数回前の製氷運転から直前の製氷運転までに測定された各製氷異常判定時間の平均値を算出し、当該平均値を可変基準時間として設定するようになっている。具体的には、算出部６０は、当該製氷運転を基準として３回前までの各製氷運転における製氷異常判定時間から平均値を算出し、この平均値を可変基準時間に設定する。従って、可変基準時間をＴa、当該製氷運転から３回前までの各製氷異常判定時間をＴn-1,Ｔn-2,Ｔn-3とすれば、可変基準時間はＴa＝(Ｔn-1＋Ｔn-2＋Ｔn-3)／３と表される。なお、算出部６０は、過去３回の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間を記憶するメモリ(図示せず)を備え、製氷異常判定時間の平均値を算出する際に、メモリから過去の製氷異常判定時間を読み出すようになっている。 The flow-down type ice maker according to the modified example is different from the embodiment in the method of setting the variable reference time by the calculation unit 60. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the calculation unit 60 of the modified example calculates the average value of each ice making abnormality determination time measured from the ice making operation a plurality of times before the ice making operation to the immediately preceding ice making operation, The average value is set as the variable reference time. Specifically, the calculation unit 60 calculates an average value from the ice making abnormality determination times in each ice making operation up to three times with the ice making operation as a reference, and sets the average value as a variable reference time. Accordingly, if the variable reference time is T a and the ice making abnormality determination times from the ice making operation three times before are T n−1 , T n−2 , and T n−3 , the variable reference time is T a = ( Tn-1 + Tn-2 + Tn-3 ) / 3. The calculation unit 60 includes a memory (not shown) that stores the ice making abnormality determination times measured in the past three ice making operations, and calculates the average value of the ice making abnormality determination times from the memory. The ice making abnormality determination time is read out.

但し、製氷異常判定時間の平均値は、必ずしも、過去３回の製氷異常判定時間から算出する必要はなく、過去２回の製氷異常判定時間から算出したり、過去４回以上の製氷異常判定時間から算出してもよい。すなわち、ｋ回前までの製氷異常判定時間から平均値を算出するとすれば、可変基準時間ＴaはＴa＝(Ｔn-1＋Ｔn-2＋・・・Ｔn-k)／ｋで表される。このように、過去の製氷異常判定時間の平均値を可変基準時間として設定することで、可変基準時間に過去複数回に亘って変化した製氷異常判定時間を反映させることができる。なお、判定部５８は、実施例と同様に、算出部６０で設定された可変基準時間と当該製氷運転における製氷異常判定時間との差に基づいて、製氷異常の発生の有無を判定する。 However, the average value of the ice making abnormality determination time does not necessarily have to be calculated from the past three ice making abnormality determination times, but can be calculated from the past two ice making abnormality determination times, or the past four or more ice making abnormality determination times. It may be calculated from That is, if the average value is calculated from the ice making abnormality determination times up to k times before, the variable reference time T a is expressed as T a = (T n-1 + T n-2 +... T nk ) / k. The In this way, by setting the average value of past ice making abnormality determination times as the variable reference time, it is possible to reflect the ice making abnormality determination times that have changed over the past multiple times in the variable reference time. As in the embodiment, the determination unit 58 determines whether or not an ice making abnormality has occurred based on the difference between the variable reference time set by the calculation unit 60 and the ice making abnormality determination time in the ice making operation.

(変更例の作用)
次に、変更例に係る流下式製氷機の作用について、実施例と相違する部分を中心に説明する。図５に示すように、製氷運転が開始すると、算出部６０は、メモリに記憶されている過去３回の製氷異常判定時間を読み出して、製氷異常判定時間の平均値を算出する(ステップＳ１４)。次に、算出部６０は、算出した製氷異常判定時間の平均値を可変基準時間に設定する(ステップＳ１５)。製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位が低下し、下側スイッチ５２がオフ状態となると、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が作動停止して、製氷異常判定時間が測定される(ステップＳ２〜Ｓ５)。そして、判定部５８は、製氷異常検知タイマ５４が測定した製氷異常判定時間と算出部６０が設定した可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えるか否か判定する(ステップＳ６)。製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値以下であれば(ステップＳ６のＮｏ)、製氷水タンク２２への追加給水が行なわれ(ステップＳ７〜Ｓ１０)、製氷運転は継続される。一方、ステップＳ６において、製氷異常判定時間と可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えている場合(ステップＳ６のＹｅｓ)、判定部５８は製氷異常が発生したと判定して(ステップＳ１３)、制御装置４２は製氷運転を終了させて除氷運転を開始する(ステップＳ１１,Ｓ１２)。 (Operation of the modified example)
Next, the operation of the flow-down type ice maker according to the modified example will be described with a focus on differences from the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, when the ice making operation is started, the calculation unit 60 reads the past three ice making abnormality determination times stored in the memory, and calculates the average value of the ice making abnormality determination times (step S14). . Next, the calculation unit 60 sets the calculated average value of the ice making abnormality determination time as the variable reference time (step S15). When the water level of the ice making water in the ice making water tank 22 decreases and the lower switch 52 is turned off, the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 stops operating and the ice making abnormality determination time is measured (steps S2 to S5). Then, the determination unit 58 determines whether or not the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer 54 and the variable reference time set by the calculation unit 60 exceeds the set value (step S6). If the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time is equal to or less than the set value (No in step S6), additional water supply to the ice making water tank 22 is performed (steps S7 to S10), and the ice making operation is continued. On the other hand, when the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time and the variable reference time exceeds the set value in step S6 (Yes in step S6), the determination unit 58 determines that an ice making abnormality has occurred (step S13), The control device 42 ends the ice making operation and starts the deicing operation (steps S11 and S12).

ここで、例えば、直前の製氷運転から当該製氷運転までの間に設置場所の気温が急激に上下して、直前の製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間と当該製氷運転での製氷異常判定時間との差が大きくなったとする。このとき、過去３回から当該製氷運転までの製氷異常判定時間は、夫々、２０分、２０分、１８分、２１分であったとする。この場合において、可変基準時間を前回の製氷異常判定時間(すなわち、１８分)に設定すれば、製氷異常判定時間(２１分)と可変基準時間(１８分)との差が３分となり、判定部５８は、製氷異常が発生したと誤判定をしてしまう。これに対し、変更例では、算出部６０が過去３回の製氷異常判定時間の平均値を算出し((２０＋２０＋１８)／３＝約１９.３分)、該平均値を可変基準時間に設定する。従って、製氷異常判定時間(２１分)と可変基準時間(１９.３分)との差が設定値(２分)を超えることはなく、誤判定が発生することはない。   Here, for example, the temperature at the installation location suddenly rises and falls between the previous ice making operation and the ice making operation, and the ice making abnormality determination time in the immediately preceding ice making operation and the ice making abnormality determination time in the ice making operation Suppose that the difference increases. At this time, it is assumed that the ice making abnormality determination times from the past three times to the ice making operation are 20 minutes, 20 minutes, 18 minutes, and 21 minutes, respectively. In this case, if the variable reference time is set to the previous ice making abnormality determination time (that is, 18 minutes), the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time (21 minutes) and the variable reference time (18 minutes) is 3 minutes. The unit 58 erroneously determines that an ice making abnormality has occurred. On the other hand, in the modified example, the calculation unit 60 calculates the average value of the past three ice making abnormality determination times ((20 + 20 + 18) / 3 = about 19.3 minutes), and sets the average value as the variable reference time. . Therefore, the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time (21 minutes) and the variable reference time (19.3 minutes) does not exceed the set value (2 minutes), and no erroneous determination occurs.

このように、変更例に係る流下式製氷機によれば、過去の製氷異常判定時間の変化を的確に反映した可変基準時間を用いて製氷異常の発生の有無を判定することができる。従って、製氷運転の前後で製氷異常判定時間が大きく変化したような場合であっても、当該変化がならされた適正な値が可変基準時間に設定されるので、製氷異常をより正確に判定することが可能となる。また、実施例と同様に、変更例に係る流下式製氷機においても、製氷水タンク２２への追加給水を行なう前に製氷異常を検知し得るので、製氷運転が完全に終了する前の早い段階で異常を検知することができる。従って、製氷異常による製氷部１６等の変形や破損を最小限に止めることが可能となる。   As described above, according to the flow-down type ice making machine according to the modified example, it is possible to determine whether or not the ice making abnormality has occurred by using the variable reference time that accurately reflects the change in the past ice making abnormality determining time. Therefore, even if the ice making abnormality determination time greatly changes before and after the ice making operation, an appropriate value with the change is set as the variable reference time, so that the ice making abnormality is more accurately determined. It becomes possible. Similarly to the embodiment, in the flow-down type ice maker according to the modified example, since the ice making abnormality can be detected before additional water supply to the ice making water tank 22 is performed, an early stage before the ice making operation is completely completed. Can detect abnormalities. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize the deformation and breakage of the ice making part 16 and the like due to the ice making abnormality.

なお、本発明に係る自動製氷機で判定可能な製氷異常としては、多重製氷に限らず、製氷時間(製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の減少速度)の変化を伴なう異常であれば、種々の製氷異常を検知することが可能である。例えば、循環ポンプＰＭに不具合が生じ、製氷水の製氷部１６への供給量が極めて少なくなって製氷時間が遅延する異常や、冷凍系１２の故障により、製氷部１６の冷却能力が低下して製氷時間が遅延する異常を検知することが可能である。更に、製氷水タンク２２が破損等して製氷水が漏れ出し、製氷時間が早くなる異常を検知することも可能である。また、実施例では、流下式製氷機を例に説明したが、製氷運転において製氷水を製氷部１６へ循環供給して、製氷水タンク２２内の製氷水の水位により製氷時間を測定し得るものであれば、例えば、噴射式製氷機等の製氷機に本発明を適用することも可能である。   Incidentally, the ice making abnormality that can be determined by the automatic ice making machine according to the present invention is not limited to multiple ice making, but if it is an abnormality accompanied by a change in ice making time (decrease rate of ice making water in the ice making water tank 22), It is possible to detect various ice making anomalies. For example, the cooling capacity of the ice making unit 16 is reduced due to an abnormality that occurs in the circulation pump PM, the amount of ice making water supplied to the ice making unit 16 is extremely small and the ice making time is delayed, or a failure of the refrigeration system 12. It is possible to detect an anomaly that the ice making time is delayed. Furthermore, it is also possible to detect an abnormality in which the ice making water leaks due to the ice making water tank 22 being damaged or the like and the ice making time is shortened. Further, in the embodiment, the flow-down type ice maker has been described as an example, but in the ice making operation, ice making water is circulated and supplied to the ice making unit 16, and the ice making time can be measured by the level of ice making water in the ice making water tank 22. If so, it is possible to apply the present invention to an ice making machine such as a jet ice making machine.

実施例や変更例では、製氷運転中に製氷水タンク２２への追加給水を１回行なうタイプの製氷機を例に説明したが、追加給水を複数回行なうタイプの製氷機や、追加給水を行なわないタイプの製氷機に本発明を適用してもよい。また製氷部１６の構成は、実施例のような２枚の製氷板１０から構成されるものに限定されず、蒸発管１４を１枚の製氷板１０の裏面に配設する型式であってもよい。また、製氷板１０は、垂直に設置するものに限られず、製氷板１０を斜めに配置する構成であってもよい。更に製氷部１６は、複数並列に配置する構成に限らず、１基のみ配置されるものでもよい。   In the embodiment and the modified example, the type of ice making machine that performs the additional water supply to the ice making water tank 22 once during the ice making operation has been described as an example. The present invention may be applied to a type of ice making machine that does not exist. Further, the configuration of the ice making unit 16 is not limited to the one constituted by the two ice making plates 10 as in the embodiment, and may be a type in which the evaporation tube 14 is disposed on the back surface of one ice making plate 10. Good. In addition, the ice making plate 10 is not limited to a vertical installation, and the ice making plate 10 may be arranged obliquely. Furthermore, the ice making unit 16 is not limited to a configuration in which a plurality of ice making units 16 are arranged in parallel, and only one ice making unit 16 may be arranged.

１６ 製氷部，２２ 製氷水タンク，４４ 給水手段，５４ 製氷異常検知タイマ
５８ 判定部(判定手段)，Ｌu 上側水位，Ｌd 下側水位 16 ice making part, 22 ice making water tank, 44 water supply means, 54 ice making abnormality detection timer 58 judgment part (determination means), Lu upper water level, L d lower water level

Claims (4)

製氷部(16)に製氷水タンク(22)に貯留されている製氷水を供給することで氷塊を生成すると共に、製氷部(16)で氷結に至らなかった製氷水を製氷水タンク(22)に回収する製氷運転と、前記製氷部(16)に生成された氷塊を離脱させる除氷運転とを交互に繰り返す自動製氷機において、
製氷運転において、前記製氷水タンク(22)内の水位が上側水位(Lu)から下側水位(Ld)に到達するまでに要する製氷異常判定時間を測定する製氷異常検知タイマ(54)と、
前記製氷異常検知タイマ(54)で測定された製氷異常判定時間と当該製氷運転より前の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間に基づく可変基準時間との差が設定値を超えた場合に、製氷異常が発生したと判定する判定手段(58)とを備えている
ことを特徴とする自動製氷機。 An ice lump is generated by supplying ice making water stored in the ice making water tank (22) to the ice making part (16), and ice making water that has not been frozen in the ice making part (16) is generated in the ice making water tank (22). In an automatic ice making machine that alternately repeats the ice making operation to be recovered and the deicing operation to release the ice block generated in the ice making part (16),
In the ice making operation, an ice making abnormality detection timer (54) for measuring an ice making abnormality judgment time required for the water level in the ice making water tank (22) to reach the lower water level (L d ) from the upper water level (L u ), ,
When the difference between the ice making abnormality determination time measured by the ice making abnormality detection timer (54) and the variable reference time based on the ice making abnormality determination time measured in the ice making operation before the ice making operation exceeds a set value, An automatic ice making machine, characterized by comprising determination means (58) for determining that an abnormality in ice making has occurred. 前記可変基準時間は、当該製氷運転の直前の製氷運転で測定された製氷異常判定時間に設定される請求項１記載の自動製氷機。   The automatic ice maker according to claim 1, wherein the variable reference time is set to an ice making abnormality determination time measured in an ice making operation immediately before the ice making operation. 前記可変基準時間は、当該製氷運転の複数回前の製氷運転から直前の製氷運転までに測定された各製氷異常判定時間の平均値に設定される請求項１記載の自動製氷機。   The automatic ice maker according to claim 1, wherein the variable reference time is set to an average value of each ice making abnormality determination time measured from an ice making operation a plurality of times before the ice making operation to an immediately preceding ice making operation. 製氷運転において製氷水タンク(22)内の水位が少なくとも最初に前記下側水位(Ld)に到達した際に製氷水タンク(22)へ追加給水を行う給水手段(44)を備える請求項１〜３の何れか一項に記載の自動製氷機。 The water supply means (44) for supplying additional water to the ice making water tank (22) when the water level in the ice making water tank (22) reaches the lower water level (L d ) at least first in ice making operation. The automatic ice making machine as described in any one of -3.
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CN103887618A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 特克特朗尼克公司 High bandwidth differential lead with device connection
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JP2014005945A (en) * 2012-06-21 2014-01-16 Hoshizaki Electric Co Ltd Automatic ice-making machine
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