JP2011162920A - Production method for cellulose acetate fiber excellent in gloss stability - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、光沢安定性に優れたセルロースアセテート繊維の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing cellulose acetate fiber excellent in gloss stability.
セルロースアセテート繊維は、優れた光沢性、深みのある染色性、適度な吸湿性を備え、婦人衣料、裏地、非衣料分野等に広く使用されている。特に近年の衣料の高級化、非衣料用途の開拓に伴い、タフタやサテンの織物の需要が急激に高まり、また一方の織物の製織にはエアージェットルームが用いられているが、その改良により800〜1000rpmでの高速で製織されるようになってきている。 Cellulose acetate fibers have excellent gloss, deep dyeability, and moderate hygroscopicity, and are widely used in women's clothing, lining and non-clothing fields. In particular, with the recent upscaling of clothing and the development of non-clothing applications, the demand for taffeta and satin fabrics has increased rapidly, and air jet looms are used for weaving one fabric. Weaving has been started at a high speed of ˜1000 rpm.
エアージェットルームの高速化に対応させるうえでセルロースアセテート繊維を特に緯糸として用いようとすれば、セルロースアセテート繊維の飛走性(エアーによる搬送性)を改良することが必要であり、特許文献1にてその改良に係わる提案がなされている。 In order to cope with the higher speed of the air jet loom, if cellulose acetate fibers are used as wefts in particular, it is necessary to improve the flightability (transportability by air) of cellulose acetate fibers. Proposals have been made for improvements.
特許文献1には、繊維断面における凸部の数が1〜15である繊維からなるアセテート繊維の製造方法として孔形状がn角形(但し、3≦n≦14)の紡糸口金を用いて乾式紡糸することが開示されている。しかしながら、この開示の提案では、孔形状が正多角形の紡糸口金を用いているため、そのアセテート繊維は、繊維の断面形状のバラツキが大きく、繊維間或いは繊維長手方向での光沢が大きく変わったりして光沢の安定性が悪いという問題がある。 Patent Document 1 discloses dry spinning using a spinneret having an n-shaped hole shape (provided that 3 ≦ n ≦ 14) as an acetate fiber manufacturing method comprising fibers having 1 to 15 convex portions in the fiber cross section. Is disclosed. However, in the proposal of this disclosure, since a spinneret having a regular polygonal hole shape is used, the acetate fiber has a large variation in the cross-sectional shape of the fiber, and the gloss between fibers or in the longitudinal direction of the fiber changes greatly. There is a problem that the gloss stability is poor.
本発明の目的は、かかるセルロースアセテート繊維における従来技術の問題点を解決するものであり、繊維間或いは繊維長手方向での光沢の変化の少ない光沢安定性に優れたセルロースアセテート繊維を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art in such cellulose acetate fibers, and to provide cellulose acetate fibers excellent in gloss stability with little change in gloss between fibers or in the longitudinal direction of the fibers. is there.
本発明の要旨は、セルロースアセテート繊維の製造に際し、孔形状が、全ての内角が180度未満であるn角形(但し、nは8〜14の整数から選ばれる偶数)の多角形であって、多角形の周上の任意の2点を結ぶ最長の線分の長さをa、該最長の線分と直交する周上の2点を結ぶ最長の線分の長さをbとするとき、長さaの線分と長さbの線分がほぼ互いに他を2等分し、1.10≦a/b≦1.50を満足する多角形である紡糸口金を用いて乾式紡糸することを特徴とする光沢安定性に優れたセルロースアセテート繊維の製造方法、にある。 The gist of the present invention is that in the production of cellulose acetate fiber, the pore shape is an n-gonal polygon (where n is an even number selected from an integer of 8 to 14) with all internal angles being less than 180 degrees, When the length of the longest line segment connecting two arbitrary points on the circumference of the polygon is a and the length of the longest line segment connecting two points on the circumference orthogonal to the longest line segment is b, Dry spinning using a spinneret that is a polygon in which a line segment of length a and a line segment of length b substantially bisect the other and satisfy 1.10 ≦ a / b ≦ 1.50 And a method for producing cellulose acetate fiber excellent in gloss stability.
本発明によれば、特定の孔形状の紡糸口金を用いて乾式紡糸することにより、繊維間或いは繊維長手方向での光沢の変化が少なく、光沢安定性に優れたセルロースアセテート繊維を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, a cellulose acetate fiber excellent in gloss stability can be obtained by dry spinning using a spinneret having a specific hole shape, with little change in gloss between fibers or in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. .
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、詳細に説明する。
本発明は、セルロースアセテート繊維の製造に際し、紡糸孔の孔形状が、全ての内角が180度未満であるn角形(但し、nは8〜14の整数から選ばれる偶数)の多角形であって、多角形の周上の任意の2点を結ぶ最長の線分の長さをa、該最長の線分と直交する周上の2点を結ぶ最長の線分の長さをbとするとき、長さaの線分と長さbの線分がほぼ互いに他を2等分し、1.10≦a/b≦1.50を満足する多角形である紡糸口金を用いて乾式紡糸することにより、繊維間或いは繊維長手方向での光沢の変化の少ない光沢安定性に優れたセルロースアセテート繊維を製造する方法である。なお、本発明において、内角とは多角形での隣り合う辺で形成される多角形内部の角をいう、また線分とは直線部分をいう。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
In the production of the cellulose acetate fiber according to the present invention, the hole shape of the spinning hole is a polygonal shape of an n-gonal shape (where n is an even number selected from an integer of 8 to 14) with all internal angles being less than 180 degrees. When the length of the longest line segment connecting any two points on the circumference of the polygon is a and the length of the longest line segment connecting two points on the circumference orthogonal to the longest line segment is b The line segment of the length a and the line segment of the length b substantially bisect each other and dry-spin using a spinneret that is a polygon satisfying 1.10 ≦ a / b ≦ 1.50 This is a method for producing a cellulose acetate fiber excellent in gloss stability with little change in gloss between fibers or in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. In the present invention, the inner angle means a corner inside a polygon formed by adjacent sides of the polygon, and the line segment means a straight line portion.
本発明によれば、紡糸孔の孔形状を、全ての内角が180度未満である8〜14の整数から選ばれる偶数の多角形とすることが必要あり、孔形状がかかる多角形であることにより、乾式紡糸したときに、繊維断面における凸部の数が6〜15の範囲にある繊維表面のセルロースアセテート繊維を得ることができる。孔形状が、多角形であっても、8角形未満の多角形若しくは14角形を超える多角形の場合は、乾式紡糸して得られるセルロースアセテート繊維の繊維断面における凸部の数が6〜15の範囲の繊維表面のセルロースアセテート繊維を得ることが困難である。 According to the present invention, the hole shape of the spinning hole needs to be an even-numbered polygon selected from integers of 8 to 14 whose inner angles are less than 180 degrees, and the hole shape is a polygon to which the hole shape is applied. Thus, when dry spinning, it is possible to obtain cellulose acetate fibers on the fiber surface in which the number of convex portions in the fiber cross section is in the range of 6 to 15. Even if the hole shape is a polygon, in the case of a polygon less than an octagon or a polygon greater than a 14-gon, the number of convex portions in the fiber cross section of the cellulose acetate fiber obtained by dry spinning is 6 to 15 It is difficult to obtain cellulose acetate fibers on a range of fiber surfaces.
また、本発明においては、孔形状が、多角形の周上の任意の2点を結ぶ最長の線分の長さをa、該最長の線分と直交する周上の2点を結ぶ最長の線分の長さをbとするとき、長さaの線分と長さbの線分がほぼ互いに他を2等分し、1.10≦a/b≦1.50を満足する多角形であることが必要であり、かかる多角形であることにより、繊維断面における最大幅をA、最大幅Aに対し直交する最大幅をBとするとき、A/Bで求められる繊維の扁平度が1.30〜2.00の扁平な断面の繊維となり、安定した光沢性のある繊維が得られる。なお、この扁平度が1.30未満では、繊維の光沢が不安定であり、扁平度が2.00を超えると、光沢が強くなりすぎるだけでなく、ドライで硬い風合いの繊維となる。 In the present invention, the hole shape has a length of the longest line segment connecting any two points on the circumference of the polygon a, and the longest line connecting the two points on the circumference orthogonal to the longest line segment. When the length of the line segment is b, a polygon in which the line segment of length a and the line segment of length b substantially bisect each other and satisfy 1.10 ≦ a / b ≦ 1.50 Therefore, when the maximum width in the fiber cross section is A and the maximum width orthogonal to the maximum width A is B, the flatness of the fiber obtained by A / B is It becomes a fiber having a flat cross section of 1.30 to 2.00, and a stable glossy fiber is obtained. When the flatness is less than 1.30, the gloss of the fiber is unstable, and when the flatness exceeds 2.00, the gloss is not only excessively strong but also a fiber having a dry and hard texture.
多角形における前記a/bが1.10未満では、扁平度が1.30以上のセルロースアセテート繊維を安定に得ることが困難であり、またa/bが1.50を超えると、扁平度が2.00以下のセルロースアセテート繊維を安定に得ることが困難である。 When the a / b in the polygon is less than 1.10, it is difficult to stably obtain a cellulose acetate fiber having a flatness of 1.30 or more, and when a / b exceeds 1.50, the flatness is low. It is difficult to stably obtain a cellulose acetate fiber of 2.00 or less.
本発明においては、前記のように、紡糸口金の紡糸孔の孔形状を、前記のように、多角形にしたことが、断面形状のバラツキの少ない繊維を得るうえで重要な点であるが、その理由は以下のとおりと推定される。 In the present invention, as described above, the hole shape of the spinneret of the spinneret is polygonal as described above, which is an important point in obtaining a fiber with less variation in cross-sectional shape, The reason is estimated as follows.
通常、セルロースアセテート繊維は、セルロースアセテートを有機溶剤に溶解した紡糸原液を、紡糸口金より加熱空気中に吐出し、有機溶剤を蒸発離散させて凝固させる乾式紡糸によって製造される。この乾式紡糸の過程では、紡糸原液が紡糸口金より吐出された直後に、紡糸原液自体のもつ熱により吐出線状物の外側の表面層の溶剤が蒸発していわゆるスキン層が形成され、さらに引き続いて周りの加熱空気により吐出線状物の内部の溶剤が蒸発する。この溶剤の蒸発に伴う体積収縮がランダムな方向に生じるために、生成する繊維にはその断面形状に複雑に入り組んだ多数の凹凸が形成され、断面形状が極めて凹凸に富んだものとなる。 Usually, cellulose acetate fibers are produced by dry spinning in which a spinning stock solution in which cellulose acetate is dissolved in an organic solvent is discharged from a spinneret into heated air, and the organic solvent is evaporated and solidified to be solidified. In this dry spinning process, immediately after the spinning solution is discharged from the spinneret, the solvent on the outer surface layer of the discharge linear material evaporates due to the heat of the spinning solution itself to form a so-called skin layer. Then, the solvent inside the discharge wire is evaporated by the surrounding heated air. Since volume shrinkage due to the evaporation of the solvent occurs in a random direction, a large number of irregularities intricately involved in the cross-sectional shape is formed in the resulting fiber, and the cross-sectional shape is extremely rich in irregularities.
紡糸孔の孔形状が真円形である紡糸口金を用いた場合には、上記のようにして繊維の断面形状が形成されるため、繊維間或いは長手方向にランダムに異なるバラツキの大きい断面形状を有する繊維が形成される。孔形状が正多角形である場合でも、孔形状が真円形である場合と比較すれば、断面形状のバラツキが多少改善され光沢安定性も多少改善されるが、依然として体積収縮時の応力の方向のバラツキが大きく光沢が安定化しているとはいえないものである。 When a spinneret having a true circular shape of the spinning hole is used, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber is formed as described above. Therefore, the spinneret has a cross-sectional shape having a large variation that varies randomly between the fibers or in the longitudinal direction. A fiber is formed. Even when the hole shape is a regular polygon, compared to the case where the hole shape is a perfect circle, the variation in cross-sectional shape is somewhat improved and the gloss stability is improved somewhat, but the direction of stress during volume shrinkage is still Therefore, it cannot be said that the gloss is stabilized.
しかしながら、本発明のように紡糸口金の紡糸孔の孔形状を正多角形ではない多角形とすると、体積収縮は、多角形での楕円での短軸方向に優先して起こり、その結果、生成する繊維は、その断面形状が扁平状になり、繊維断面形状のバラツキが少なくなり光沢がより安定化する。 However, when the hole shape of the spinneret of the spinneret is a polygon that is not a regular polygon as in the present invention, volume shrinkage occurs in preference to the minor axis direction of the ellipse in the polygon, and as a result The cross-sectional shape of the fibers to be flattened is flat, the variation in the fiber cross-sectional shape is reduced, and the gloss is further stabilized.
本発明において、製造されるセルロースアセテート繊維は、酢化度45.0%のセルロースジアセテート繊維であってもよいし、酢化度59.5%以上のセルローストリアセテート繊維であってもよいが、酢化度59.5%以上のセルローストリアセテート繊維であることが高い光沢性を発揮させるうえで好ましい。 In the present invention, the cellulose acetate fiber produced may be a cellulose diacetate fiber having an acetylation degree of 45.0% or a cellulose triacetate fiber having an acetylation degree of 59.5% or more. A cellulose triacetate fiber having an acetylation degree of 59.5% or more is preferable for achieving high glossiness.
本発明により製造されるセルロースアセテート繊維は、繊維断面における凸部の数が6〜15の範囲の複数の凸部が突起した繊維表面の繊維であり、かかる繊維断面形状の繊維であることが光沢のバラツキを小さくし光沢を安定なるものとするうえで必要である。繊維断面における凸部の数が6未満では、その断面形成過程での体積収縮が均一に起こり難いため繊維間或いは繊維軸方向に均一な繊維断面形状の繊維が得られ難く光沢の変化の大きいものとなり、凸部の数が15を超えても、同様に均一な繊維断面形状の繊維が得られ難く光沢の変化の大きいものとなる。 The cellulose acetate fiber produced by the present invention is a fiber on the surface of a fiber in which a plurality of protrusions having a number of protrusions in the fiber cross section in the range of 6 to 15 is projected, and is a fiber having such a fiber cross section. This is necessary to reduce the variation of the brightness and stabilize the gloss. If the number of convex portions in the fiber cross section is less than 6, volume shrinkage during the cross-section formation process is difficult to occur uniformly, and it is difficult to obtain fibers having a uniform fiber cross-sectional shape between fibers or in the fiber axis direction, and the change in gloss is large. Thus, even if the number of convex portions exceeds 15, it is difficult to obtain fibers having a uniform fiber cross-sectional shape, and the change in gloss is large.
本発明によるセルロースアセテート繊維は、かかる繊維断面を有することにより、繊維表面の各凸部が繊維軸方向に延びて光沢の変化を少なくし、繊維の光沢値が4.00〜4.50であって、その光沢値の変動係数が4.00%以下であり、光沢値の変動係数が4.00%以下であることは、光沢値の変動幅が小さく、優れた光沢安定性を有することを示す。 The cellulose acetate fiber according to the present invention has such a fiber cross section, whereby each convex portion of the fiber surface extends in the fiber axis direction to reduce the change in gloss, and the gloss value of the fiber is 4.00 to 4.50. The coefficient of variation of the gloss value is 4.00% or less, and the coefficient of variation of the gloss value is 4.00% or less means that the variation range of the gloss value is small and has excellent gloss stability. Show.
以下、実施例をあげて本発明を説明する。なお、実施例における各特性値の測定は、以下の方法に拠った。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. In addition, the measurement of each characteristic value in an Example was based on the following method.
(凸部の数)
セルロースアセテート繊維(単繊維)を、繊維軸と直角方向に切断し、20本の単繊維についてその切断面を顕微鏡で観察して、各繊維の繊維断面での凸部の数を実測した。
(扁平度)
セルロースアセテート繊維(単繊維)を、繊維軸と直角方向に切断し、20本の単繊維についてその切断面を顕微鏡で観察して、繊維の繊維断面での最大幅A、最大幅Aに対し直交する最大幅Bを実測し、A/Bの式で扁平度を算出し、その平均値で求めた。
(Number of convex parts)
Cellulose acetate fibers (single fibers) were cut in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis, and the cut surfaces of the 20 single fibers were observed with a microscope to actually measure the number of convex portions on the fiber cross section of each fiber.
(Flatness)
Cellulose acetate fibers (single fibers) are cut in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis, and the cut surfaces of 20 single fibers are observed with a microscope, and the maximum width A and the maximum width A in the fiber cross section of the fibers are orthogonal to each other. The maximum width B to be measured was actually measured, the flatness was calculated by the formula of A / B, and the average value was obtained.
(光沢値)
日本電色工業社製VGS−300Aを用い、JIS Z8741(1983)(鏡面光沢度測定方法)に準拠して、セルロースアセテート繊維(マルチフィラメント糸)の光沢値を測定し、24本のマルチフィラメント糸の平均値で求めた。投光角度と受光角度はそれぞれ45度とし、光源ランプには5V−1.25Aのハロゲンランプを用いた。
(光沢値の変動係数)
光沢安定性の指標として、上記の方法で測定した24本のマルチフィラメント糸の光沢値より、光沢値の変動係数を算出した。
(Gloss value)
Using a VGS-300A manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., the gloss value of cellulose acetate fiber (multifilament yarn) was measured according to JIS Z8741 (1983) (mirror surface gloss measurement method), and 24 multifilament yarns were obtained. The average value was obtained. The light projecting angle and the light receiving angle were 45 degrees, respectively, and a halogen lamp of 5V-1.25A was used as the light source lamp.
(Coefficient of variation of gloss value)
As an index of gloss stability, a coefficient of variation in gloss value was calculated from the gloss values of the 24 multifilament yarns measured by the above method.
(実施例1〜4、比較例1)
塩化メチレン/メタノール(質量比90/10)の混合溶剤を使用してセルローストリアセテート濃度21.95質量%の紡糸原液を調製した。この紡糸原液を69℃に保ち、表1に示す孔形状(孔形状1〜5)であって、孔面積1600μm2の紡糸孔を20ケ有する紡糸口金より吐出し、紡糸速度700m/分にて乾式紡糸した後、インターレース処理して交絡数25ケ/mの交絡を付与して84dtex/20fのセルローストリアセテートフィラメント糸をそれぞれ得た。得られたフィラメント糸についてその単繊維の繊維断面での凸部の数、平均扁平度、糸の平均光沢値、光沢値の変動係数をそれぞれ測定し、その測定結果を表2に示した。
(Examples 1-4, Comparative Example 1)
A spinning stock solution having a cellulose triacetate concentration of 21.95% by mass was prepared using a mixed solvent of methylene chloride / methanol (mass ratio 90/10). This spinning dope is maintained at 69 ° C., and is discharged from a spinneret having a hole shape (hole shape 1 to 5) shown in Table 1 having a hole area of 1600 μm 2 and having 20 spinning holes at a spinning speed of 700 m / min. After dry spinning, interlace treatment was performed to give an entanglement of 25 entanglements / m to obtain 84 dtex / 20 f cellulose triacetate filament yarns. The obtained filament yarn was measured for the number of convex portions, average flatness, average gloss value of yarn, and coefficient of variation of gloss value in the fiber cross section of the single fiber, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
表2から明らかなように、紡糸孔の孔形状が多角形の紡糸口金を用いた実施例1〜4においては、得られたフィラメント糸は、その構成の単繊維が繊維断面での凸部の数が8〜14、扁平度が1.30〜2.00の範囲内の扁平な多突起表面の繊維であり、糸としての光沢安定性にも優れていた。一方、紡糸孔の孔形状が正10角形の紡糸口金を用いた比較例1においては、得られたフィラメント糸は、その構成の単繊維の扁平度が小さく、糸としての光沢安定性が充分ではなかった。 As is clear from Table 2, in Examples 1 to 4 in which the spinneret has a polygonal spinneret shape, the obtained filament yarn has a single fiber having a convex portion in the fiber cross section. It was a flat multi-projection surface fiber having a number of 8 to 14 and a flatness of 1.30 to 2.00, and was excellent in gloss stability as a yarn. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 using a spinneret having a regular decagonal shape of the spinning hole, the obtained filament yarn has a small flatness of the single fiber of the configuration, and gloss stability as a yarn is not sufficient. There wasn't.
本発明によるセルロースアセテート繊維は、光沢安定性に優れることから、高級化せる衣料、非衣料用途のタフタやサテン等の織物素材として好適に使用される。また、本発明によるセルロースアセテート繊維は、その繊維の断面形状により飛走性も良好で、高速エアージェットルーム用の緯糸としても好適に使用される。 Since the cellulose acetate fiber according to the present invention is excellent in gloss stability, it is suitably used as a textile material such as taffeta or satin for clothing to be upgraded or non-clothing. In addition, the cellulose acetate fiber according to the present invention has good flightability due to the cross-sectional shape of the fiber, and is suitably used as a weft for a high-speed air jet loom.
a 多角形の周上の任意の2点を結ぶ最長の線分(直線)の長さ
b 長さaの線分と直交する周上の2点を結ぶ最長の線分(直線)の長さ
a The length of the longest line segment (straight line) connecting any two points on the circumference of the polygon b The length of the longest line segment (straight line) connecting two points on the circumference orthogonal to the line segment of length a
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JPH04100938A (en) * | 1990-08-20 | 1992-04-02 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Acetate yarn for weft of high-speed air jet loom and its production |
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