JP2011086952A - Reactor core, reactor and method of manufacturing the reactor - Google Patents

Reactor core, reactor and method of manufacturing the reactor Download PDF

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JP2011086952A
JP2011086952A JP2010284996A JP2010284996A JP2011086952A JP 2011086952 A JP2011086952 A JP 2011086952A JP 2010284996 A JP2010284996 A JP 2010284996A JP 2010284996 A JP2010284996 A JP 2010284996A JP 2011086952 A JP2011086952 A JP 2011086952A
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core
core portion
reactor
coil
magnetic flux
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JP5195891B2 (en
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Shinichiro Yamamoto
伸一郎 山本
Hajime Kawaguchi
肇 川口
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reactor core capable of reducing the amount used of a coil, a reactor and the method of manufacturing the reactor. <P>SOLUTION: A reactor L includes a core 1 and a coil C, arranged on the outer periphery of the core 1 (an inside core portion 11). The core 1 includes the inside core portion 11, an outside-core portion 12 arranged on the outside of the coil C, and a pair of connecting core portions 13 which covers both ends of the coil C and connects both core portions 11 and 12. A closed magnetic circuit passing via the core 1 is formed by the excitation of the coil C. In the core 1, the core portions 11, 12, and 13 are integrated without the going through a gap. The inside core portion 11 has higher saturated magnetic flux density (1.2 or more number of times) than those of the outside core portion 12 and the connecting core portion 13. Since the saturated magnetic flux density of the inside core portion 11 is high, a large magnetic flux can be obtained even if the cross section of the core portion 11 is reduced. Since the core 1 is of a gapless structure, the problem such as noise accompanying the existence of the gap is less apt to occur. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、外周にコイルが配置されてリアクトルに用いられるコア、リアクトル、及びリアクトルの製造方法に関するものである。特に、リアクトルを小型にでき、コイルの使用量を低減することができるリアクトル用コアに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a core, a reactor, and a reactor manufacturing method in which coils are arranged on the outer periphery and used for a reactor. In particular, the present invention relates to a reactor core that can reduce the size of the reactor and reduce the amount of coil used.

近年、地球環境保護の観点からハイブリッド自動車が実用化されている。ハイブリッド自動車は、エンジン及びモータを駆動源として具え、その一方又は双方を用いて走行する自動車である。このようなハイブリッド自動車は、バッテリの直流をインバータで交流に変換し、その交流を走行用のモータに供給する。最近のハイブリッド自動車は、バッテリ及びモータの小型化のために昇圧コンバータを具えている。このコンバータは、バッテリの電圧を昇圧してインバータ(モータ)に供給する役割と、ジェネレータ(モータ)からの回生電流をバッテリ電圧に降圧し、バッテリに充電を行う役割を持つ。このコンバータの部品の一つに、電気エネルギーを磁気エネルギーとして蓄えられるリアクトルがある。   In recent years, hybrid vehicles have been put into practical use from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment. A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that includes an engine and a motor as drive sources and travels using one or both of them. Such a hybrid vehicle converts the direct current of the battery into alternating current with an inverter, and supplies the alternating current to a motor for traveling. Modern hybrid vehicles include a boost converter to reduce the size of the battery and motor. This converter has the role of boosting the voltage of the battery and supplying it to the inverter (motor), and the role of reducing the regenerative current from the generator (motor) to the battery voltage and charging the battery. One of the components of this converter is a reactor that can store electrical energy as magnetic energy.

リアクトルは、磁性材料、代表的には電磁鋼板と呼ばれる珪素鋼板を積層してなるコアと、コアの外周に配されるコイルとを具える。コアは、複数の分割片を組み合わせてなる環状のものが代表的である。珪素鋼は一般に比透磁率が高いため、電磁鋼板からなるコアは、磁気飽和し易い。そこで、磁気飽和し難くするために、分割片間に空隙(エアギャップ)を設けたり、ギャップ材を配することが行われている。   The reactor includes a core formed by laminating magnetic materials, typically silicon steel plates called electromagnetic steel plates, and a coil disposed on the outer periphery of the core. The core is typically an annular core formed by combining a plurality of divided pieces. Since silicon steel generally has a high relative permeability, a core made of an electromagnetic steel sheet is likely to be magnetically saturated. Therefore, in order to make it difficult for magnetic saturation, gaps (air gaps) are provided between divided pieces, or gap materials are provided.

しかし、ギャップがあると、ギャップに起因する騒音や漏れ磁束が生じるといった問題がある。この問題に対し、特許文献1は、高透磁率の珪素鋼板を用いず、低透磁率の圧粉磁性材料で分割片を作製し、分割片同士を接着剤で接合してなるギャップレス構造の環状コアを提案している。   However, if there is a gap, there is a problem that noise and leakage magnetic flux are generated due to the gap. In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 1 does not use a high-permeability silicon steel sheet, but produces a split piece with a low magnetic permeability powder magnetic material and joins the split pieces with an adhesive to form an annular ring structure. Proposing the core.

特許文献2は、圧粉磁性材料からなるコア内にコイルが埋め込まれたリアクトルを提案している。このリアクトルは、成形型に粉状の圧粉磁性材料とコイルとを入れてプレス成形し、ギャップレス構造の一体コアを形成すると共に、コア内へのコイルの配置を行うことで製造される。上記一体コアは、コイルの内側に位置する円柱状の内側コア部と、コイルの外周面を覆うようにコイルの外側に位置する円筒状の外側コア部と、コイルの両端部を覆うと共に、内側コア部及び外側コア部を連結する一対の円板状の連結コア部とから構成される。   Patent Document 2 proposes a reactor in which a coil is embedded in a core made of a dust magnetic material. This reactor is manufactured by putting a powdery magnetic powder material and a coil into a mold and press-molding to form an integral core having a gapless structure and arranging the coil in the core. The integrated core covers a cylindrical inner core portion located inside the coil, a cylindrical outer core portion located outside the coil so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the coil, and both ends of the coil, It is comprised from a pair of disk-shaped connection core part which connects a core part and an outer core part.

特開2006-344868号公報JP 2006-344868 特開2006-210465号公報JP 2006-210465 JP

引用文献2に記載のリアクトルは、コイルのほぼ全面がコアで覆われていることから、環状コアを具えるリアクトルと比較して、コイルが生成する磁束がコアの外部に漏れ難く、コアの内部を十分に通過することができるため、同磁束を効率よく利用することができる。しかし、このリアクトルは、コイルの使用量が多くなることがある。   Since the reactor described in the cited document 2 is almost entirely covered with the core, the magnetic flux generated by the coil is less likely to leak to the outside of the core compared to the reactor including the annular core. Thus, the magnetic flux can be used efficiently. However, this reactor may use a large amount of coil.

圧粉磁性材料は、磁性材料の割合などを調整することで、珪素鋼板よりも比透磁率を低くすることができる。従って、低透磁率の磁性材料を用いて、比透磁率が低いコアを形成することができる。ここで、低透磁率の磁性材料からなるコアは、飽和磁束密度が小さくなる傾向にある。コアを通過する磁束は、コアの磁束密度とコアの断面積との積で表わされる。従って、低透磁率の磁性材料でコアを形成する場合、珪素鋼板といった高透磁率の磁性材料からなるコアと同程度の磁束を得ようとすると、コアの断面積を大きくする必要がある。コアの断面積、特にコイルが配される内側コア部の断面積が大きくなると、コイルは、1ターンあたりの長さが長くなり、使用量が増える。コイルの使用量が増えると、コイル部分での損失(例えば、銅損)が大きくなり易く好ましくない。また、ハイブリッド自動車などに搭載するリアクトルは、設置スペースを低減するために小型化が望まれており、コアの断面積の増大によるリアクトルの大型化は好ましくない。   The powder magnetic material can be made to have a lower relative magnetic permeability than a silicon steel sheet by adjusting the ratio of the magnetic material. Therefore, a core having a low relative permeability can be formed using a magnetic material having a low magnetic permeability. Here, a core made of a magnetic material having a low magnetic permeability tends to have a low saturation magnetic flux density. The magnetic flux passing through the core is represented by the product of the magnetic flux density of the core and the cross-sectional area of the core. Therefore, when the core is formed of a magnetic material having a low magnetic permeability, it is necessary to increase the cross-sectional area of the core in order to obtain the same magnetic flux as that of a core made of a high magnetic permeability magnetic material such as a silicon steel plate. When the cross-sectional area of the core, particularly the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion where the coil is arranged, is increased, the length of the coil is increased per turn and the usage amount is increased. Increasing the amount of coil used is not preferable because loss (for example, copper loss) at the coil portion tends to increase. Further, a reactor mounted on a hybrid vehicle or the like is desired to be downsized in order to reduce the installation space, and an increase in the size of the reactor due to an increase in the cross-sectional area of the core is not preferable.

本発明は、上記の事情を鑑みてなされたもので、その目的の一つは、リアクトルを小型にでき、コイルの使用量を低減することができるリアクトル用コアを提供することにある。また、本発明の他の目的は、上記コアを具えるリアクトル、及びリアクトルの製造方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and one of its purposes is to provide a reactor core capable of reducing the size of the reactor and reducing the amount of coil used. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reactor including the core and a method for manufacturing the reactor.

本発明者らは、内側コア部、外側コア部及び連結コア部で構成されるリアクトル用コアにおいて、ギャップを有しておらず、かつコアの断面積を低減できる構成を検討した。その結果、本発明者らは、コア全体を一様な磁性材料で形成するのではなく、飽和磁束密度が部分的に異なるように形成すればよい、との知見を得て本発明を完成するに至った。   The inventors of the present invention have studied a configuration that does not have a gap and can reduce the cross-sectional area of the core in the reactor core that includes the inner core portion, the outer core portion, and the connecting core portion. As a result, the present inventors have completed the present invention by obtaining the knowledge that instead of forming the entire core with a uniform magnetic material, the saturation magnetic flux density may be partially different. It came to.

本発明リアクトル用コアは、ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車に搭載されるリアクトルに用いられるコアであり、内側コア部、外側コア部及び連結コア部を具え、各コア部がギャップを介することなく一体化されて構成される。内側コア部は、リアクトルを構成するコイルの内側に配される部分であり、外側コア部は、同コイルの外側に配される部分であり、連結コア部は、コイルの両端部を覆うと共に、内側コア部及び外側コア部を連結する部分である。そして、上記内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が、1.7T以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の飽和磁束密度の1.2倍以上であり、前記リアクトル用コア全体の平均透磁率が比透磁率で5〜50であり、上記内側コア部の比透磁率が50以上、かつ上記外側コア部及び連結コア部の比透磁率が3以上50以下である。また、本発明リアクトル用コアは、当該リアクトル用コアと同様の形状のコアで、このコア全体の平均透磁率が当該リアクトル用コアと等しく、かつコア全体の飽和磁束密度が一様であるコアを比較コアとするとき、この比較コアと同じ磁束を得る場合、前記内側コア部の断面積が比較コアの内側コア部より小さいことでコア全体が比較コアより小さい。   The reactor core of the present invention is a core used in a reactor mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and includes an inner core portion, an outer core portion, and a connecting core portion, and each core portion is integrated without a gap. Configured. The inner core portion is a portion arranged inside the coil constituting the reactor, the outer core portion is a portion arranged outside the coil, and the connecting core portion covers both ends of the coil, It is a part which connects an inner core part and an outer core part. And the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core part is 1.7 T or more and 1.2 times or more of the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core part and the connecting core part, and the average permeability of the entire reactor core is a relative permeability. The relative permeability of the inner core portion is 50 or more, and the relative permeability of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion is 3 or more and 50 or less. The reactor core of the present invention is a core having the same shape as the reactor core, and the core has an average magnetic permeability equal to that of the reactor core and a uniform saturation magnetic flux density. When the same magnetic flux as that of the comparison core is obtained when the comparison core is used, the entire core is smaller than the comparison core because the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is smaller than the inner core portion of the comparison core.

本発明リアクトル用コアは、ギャップを介することなく一体化されたギャップレス構造であるため、ギャップが存在することに伴う騒音や漏れ磁束の問題が実質的に生じない。また、漏れ磁束が生じ難いことから、本発明コアは、ギャップを有するコアと比較して、コイルをコアにより近づけて配置できる、即ち、コイルとコア間の間隔を小さくでき、リアクトルの外寸を小さくできる。上述した昇圧コンバータの構成部材中リアクトルは、かなり大きな体積を占めるため、リアクトルの小型化は、コンバータの設置スペースの削減に大いに寄与すると期待される。   Since the reactor core according to the present invention has a gapless structure integrated without a gap, problems of noise and leakage magnetic flux due to the existence of the gap do not substantially occur. In addition, since the leakage magnetic flux hardly occurs, the core of the present invention can arrange the coil closer to the core than the core having a gap, that is, the interval between the coil and the core can be reduced, and the outer dimension of the reactor can be reduced. Can be small. Since the reactor in the constituent members of the above-described boost converter occupies a considerably large volume, the downsizing of the reactor is expected to greatly contribute to the reduction of the converter installation space.

そして、本発明コアは、部分的に飽和磁束密度が異なる構成、具体的には、コイルの内側に配される内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が高く、外側コア部及び連結コア部の飽和磁束密度が低い。また、本発明コアは、外側コア部及び連結コア部の比透磁率が比較的低く、かつ本発明コア全体の平均透磁率(実効透磁率)が比較的低い。このような特性を実現するために本発明コアは、全体を一様な磁性材料で構成せず、部分的に異なる磁性材料で構成する。このような構成を具える本発明コアは、全体が一様な低透磁率の磁性材料で構成された同様の形状のコア(このコアは飽和磁束密度が一様である)と同じ磁束を得る場合、内側コア部の断面積を小さくすることができる。即ち、本発明コアは、内側コア部の断面積を小さくしても、大きな磁束を得ることができる。また、内側コア部の断面積が小さいことから、その外周に配されるコイルの1ターンあたりの長さを短くできる。従って、本発明コアを具えるリアクトルは、コイルの使用量を低減することができ、コイルの使用量の増加に伴う損失の増大といった問題が生じ難い。更に、内側コア部の断面積が小さいことから本発明コアも小さくでき、この本発明コアを具える本発明リアクトルも小型にすることができる。   The core of the present invention has a structure in which the saturation magnetic flux density is partially different, specifically, the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion arranged inside the coil is high, and the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion. Is low. In addition, the core of the present invention has a relatively low relative permeability of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion, and the average permeability (effective permeability) of the entire core of the present invention is relatively low. In order to realize such characteristics, the core of the present invention is not entirely composed of a uniform magnetic material, but is partially composed of different magnetic materials. The core of the present invention having such a configuration obtains the same magnetic flux as a core of the same shape made of a magnetic material having a uniform low magnetic permeability as a whole (this core has a uniform saturation magnetic flux density). In this case, the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion can be reduced. That is, the core of the present invention can obtain a large magnetic flux even if the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is reduced. Moreover, since the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is small, the length per turn of the coil disposed on the outer periphery thereof can be shortened. Therefore, the reactor including the core of the present invention can reduce the amount of coil used, and problems such as an increase in loss accompanying an increase in the amount of coil used are unlikely to occur. Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is small, the core of the present invention can be made small, and the reactor of the present invention including the core of the present invention can also be reduced in size.

以下、本発明をより詳細に説明する。
本発明コアは、その外周に配されるコイルを励磁した際に閉磁路が形成される磁性部材であり、内側コア部、外側コア部及び一対の連結コア部が一体化されている。このような一体コアとして、柱状の内側コア部と、筒状の外側コア部と、板状の連結コア部とを具えるポット型コアが挙げられる。ポット型コアはコイルの全面を実質的に覆うことができるため、このコアを具えるリアクトルは、コイルが生成した磁束を効率よく利用できるだけでなく、同磁束がコアの外部に漏れ難いため、リアクトルの周辺機器における漏れ磁束の影響を低減できる。また、ポット型コアを具えるリアクトルは、コイルのほぼ全面をコアに直接的又は間接的に接触させられるため、通電により生じたコイルの熱をコアに効率よく伝えることができ、放熱性に優れる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The core of the present invention is a magnetic member in which a closed magnetic path is formed when a coil disposed on the outer periphery thereof is excited, and an inner core portion, an outer core portion, and a pair of connecting core portions are integrated. Examples of such an integral core include a pot-type core having a columnar inner core portion, a cylindrical outer core portion, and a plate-like connecting core portion. Since the pot type core can substantially cover the entire surface of the coil, the reactor including this core can not only efficiently use the magnetic flux generated by the coil, but also the magnetic flux is difficult to leak out of the core. The influence of leakage magnetic flux in peripheral equipment can be reduced. In addition, a reactor having a pot-type core can directly or indirectly contact almost the entire surface of the coil with the core, and therefore can efficiently transfer the heat of the coil generated by energization to the core, and has excellent heat dissipation. .

本発明コアは、例えば、複数の分割片を形成し、分割片同士を接着剤やボルトなどの締結部材で接合することで得られる。分割片の区切りは、種々考えられ、例えば、内側コア部、外側コア部、連結コア部のそれぞれを分割片としてもよい。その他、内側コア部と一方の連結コア部とが一体の分割片と、外側コア部と他方の連結コア部とが一体の分割片とからなる構成や、外側コア部が二つに分割され、一方の外側コア部片と一方の連結コア部とが一体の分割片と、他方の外側コア部片と他方の連結コア部とが一体の分割片とを具える構成などが挙げられる。接着剤は、エポキシ系接着剤などが利用できる。   The core of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by forming a plurality of divided pieces and joining the divided pieces with a fastening member such as an adhesive or a bolt. Various divisions are possible for the divided pieces. For example, each of the inner core portion, the outer core portion, and the connecting core portion may be divided pieces. In addition, the inner core portion and one connecting core portion are composed of an integral divided piece, and the outer core portion and the other connecting core portion are composed of an integral divided piece, and the outer core portion is divided into two, Examples include a configuration in which one outer core piece and one connecting core portion include an integrated divided piece, and the other outer core piece and the other connecting core portion include an integrated divided piece. An epoxy adhesive or the like can be used as the adhesive.

分割片同士を接着剤で接合すると、分割片の接合箇所に接着剤が介在される。接着剤は、通常非磁性であるが、ここでの接着剤はリアクトルのインダクタンスを調整するためのギャップ材ではなく、単に分割片同士を接合するものに過ぎない。そのため、本発明コアにおいて分割片間に接着剤が存在してもギャップを介することなく一体化されているものとする。   When the split pieces are joined together with an adhesive, the adhesive is interposed at the joint location of the split pieces. The adhesive is usually non-magnetic, but the adhesive here is not a gap material for adjusting the inductance of the reactor, but merely for joining the divided pieces. Therefore, even if an adhesive exists between the divided pieces in the core of the present invention, it is integrated without a gap.

或いは、本発明コアは、一体成形が可能な磁性材料を用いることでも製造することができる。例えば、本発明コアを圧粉成形体とする場合、成形型に所望の特性となるように圧粉磁性材料を充填すると共にコイルを配置してプレス成形することで、本発明コア及びコイルを具えるリアクトルを製造することができる。この製法を利用すると、ギャップレス構造の一体コアの形成とコイルのコアへの配置とを同時に行えると共に、接着剤や接着剤による接続作業が不要である。   Alternatively, the core of the present invention can be manufactured by using a magnetic material that can be integrally molded. For example, when the core of the present invention is a compacted body, the core of the present invention and the coil are prepared by filling the molding die with a magnetic powder material so as to have desired characteristics and arranging and pressing the coil. Can be manufactured. When this manufacturing method is used, the formation of an integral core having a gapless structure and the placement of the coil on the core can be performed simultaneously, and the connection work using an adhesive or an adhesive is unnecessary.

本発明コアを圧粉成形体とする場合、所望の三次元形状の分割片や一体コアを容易に成形可能であり、上述のように所望の特性を有するように材料や製造条件を調整することで、本発明コアを得ることができる。   When the core of the present invention is used as a green compact, it is possible to easily form a desired three-dimensionally divided piece or integral core, and adjust the materials and manufacturing conditions so as to have the desired characteristics as described above. Thus, the core of the present invention can be obtained.

外側コア部及び連結コア部の別の形態として、焼結体や樹脂の成形硬化体が挙げられる。成形硬化体は、磁性粉末と流動性のある樹脂との混合体を成形し、得られた成形体の樹脂を硬化させたものである。これら焼結体や成形硬化体とする場合も所望の三次元形状の分割片を容易に成形可能である。外側コア部と連結コア部とは、同じ材質でも異なる材質でもよい。   As another form of an outer core part and a connection core part, a sintered compact and the shaping | molding hardening body of resin are mentioned. The molded and hardened body is obtained by molding a mixture of magnetic powder and fluid resin and curing the resin of the obtained molded body. Even in the case of using these sintered bodies and molded cured bodies, it is possible to easily form a desired three-dimensional segment. The outer core portion and the connecting core portion may be the same material or different materials.

内側コア部の別の形態として、電磁鋼板を積層してなる積層体が挙げられる。電磁鋼板を用いることで、飽和磁束密度が高い内側コア部を簡単に形成できる。   As another form of the inner core portion, a laminate formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets can be mentioned. By using an electromagnetic steel sheet, an inner core part having a high saturation magnetic flux density can be easily formed.

本発明コアは、上述のようにギャップレス構造とする。但し、ギャップレス構造とするために、コア全体を比透磁率が一様な低い磁性材料で構成すると、上述のように内側コア部の断面積が大きくなる。そこで、本発明コアは、外側コア部及び連結コア部を比透磁率が比較的低い磁性材料で構成し、内側コア部は、飽和磁束密度が高くなるような磁性材料で構成し、本発明コア全体の平均透磁率(実効透磁率)が比較的低くなるように磁性材料を選択することが好ましい。具体的には、本発明コア全体の平均透磁率を比透磁率で5以上50以下とする。   The core of the present invention has a gapless structure as described above. However, if the entire core is made of a low magnetic material having a uniform relative magnetic permeability in order to obtain a gapless structure, the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion increases as described above. Therefore, in the core of the present invention, the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are made of a magnetic material having a relatively low relative permeability, and the inner core portion is made of a magnetic material that increases the saturation magnetic flux density. It is preferable to select a magnetic material so that the overall average magnetic permeability (effective magnetic permeability) is relatively low. Specifically, the average permeability of the entire core of the present invention is 5 to 50 in terms of relative permeability.

内側コア部を、比透磁率が50以上の高透磁率材料で構成し、外側コア部及び連結コア部を、内側コア部よりも比透磁率が低い材料、具体的には、比透磁率が3以上50以下の低透磁率材料で構成すると、本発明コア全体の平均透磁率を比透磁率で5〜50とすることができる。また、外側コア部全体及び連結コア部全体は、一様な比透磁率の磁性材料から構成されていることが好ましい。外側コア部又は連結コア部においてその一部の比透磁率が小さく、その残部の比透磁率が大きくなるように上記範囲の低透磁率材料から構成されていてもよいが、全体が一様な比透磁率の磁性材料から構成されると、磁束がコア部中を均一的に通るため好ましい。なお、比透磁率μrは、材料の透磁率μと真空の透磁率μ0との比率μ/μ0のことである(真空の透磁率μ0=4π×10-7H/m)。また、電磁鋼板の比透磁率は、4000〜8000程度であり、このような高透磁率の磁性材料でコア全体を構成すると、ギャップレス構造とすることが難しい。 The inner core portion is made of a high permeability material having a relative permeability of 50 or more, and the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are made of a material having a lower relative permeability than the inner core portion. When the material is composed of a low permeability material of 3 or more and 50 or less, the average permeability of the entire core of the present invention can be set to 5 to 50 in terms of relative permeability. Moreover, it is preferable that the whole outer core part and the whole connection core part are comprised from the magnetic material of uniform relative magnetic permeability. The outer core portion or the connecting core portion may be composed of a low permeability material in the above range so that the relative permeability of a part thereof is small and the relative permeability of the remaining portion is large. A magnetic material having a relative magnetic permeability is preferable because the magnetic flux passes through the core portion uniformly. The relative permeability μ r is the ratio μ / μ 0 between the material permeability μ and the vacuum permeability μ 0 (vacuum permeability μ 0 = 4π × 10 −7 H / m). Moreover, the relative magnetic permeability of the electromagnetic steel sheet is about 4000 to 8000. If the entire core is made of such a high magnetic permeability material, it is difficult to form a gapless structure.

外側コア部及び連結コア部を構成する磁性材料の比透磁率を上記範囲に調整するには、以下の手法が挙げられる。いずれの手法の場合も、コア部のサイズに応じて材料の比透磁率を調整することができる。   In order to adjust the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic material constituting the outer core portion and the connecting core portion within the above range, the following method may be mentioned. In any case, the relative permeability of the material can be adjusted according to the size of the core portion.

<圧粉成形体の場合>
外側コア部や連結コア部を圧粉成形体で構成する場合、通常、表面に絶縁被膜を具える軟磁性粉末とバインダ樹脂とを混合し、この混合粉末を成形後、絶縁被膜の耐熱温度以下で焼成する。そして、軟磁性粉末とバインダ樹脂との混合比を調整することで、比透磁率を調整可能である。具体的には、バインダ樹脂の配合量を増やすことで、コア部において磁束が通過する断面に対する磁性材料(軟磁性粉末)の割合を下げる。磁性材料の割合が少ないことで、結果として、飽和磁束密度が小さくなる。その他、混合粉末を成形する際の圧力を変えることでもコア部を構成する材料の比透磁率を調整することができる。バインダ樹脂の配合量が多い方が、又は混合粉末の成形圧力が低い方がコア部の比透磁率が低くなる傾向にある。圧粉成形体は、後述する焼結体と異なり、焼成後にバインダ樹脂が残存し、この樹脂により軟磁性粉末同士が絶縁される。そのため、圧粉成形体からなるコア部は、リアクトルに用いた際、焼結体からなるコア部と比較して渦電流損失を低減でき、コイルに高周波が通電される場合の使用に適する。
<For compacted compact>
When the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are formed of a compacted body, usually, a soft magnetic powder having an insulating coating on the surface and a binder resin are mixed, and after molding the mixed powder, the heat resistance temperature of the insulating coating or lower is reached. Bake with. And the relative magnetic permeability can be adjusted by adjusting the mixing ratio of the soft magnetic powder and the binder resin. Specifically, by increasing the blending amount of the binder resin, the ratio of the magnetic material (soft magnetic powder) to the cross section through which the magnetic flux passes in the core portion is reduced. A small percentage of the magnetic material results in a low saturation magnetic flux density. In addition, the relative magnetic permeability of the material constituting the core portion can be adjusted by changing the pressure at the time of forming the mixed powder. There is a tendency that the relative permeability of the core portion is lower when the amount of the binder resin is larger or when the molding pressure of the mixed powder is lower. Unlike a sintered body, which will be described later, in the green compact, a binder resin remains after firing, and the soft magnetic powders are insulated from each other by this resin. Therefore, the core part which consists of a compacting body can reduce an eddy current loss compared with the core part which consists of a sintered compact when it uses for a reactor, and is suitable for use when a high frequency is supplied with a coil.

軟磁性粉末は、Fe,Co,Niといった鉄族金属粉末の他、Fe-Si,Fe-Ni,Fe-Al,Fe-Co,Fe-Cr,Fe-Si-AlなどのFe基合金粉末、或は希土類金属粉末、フェライト粉末などが利用できる。このような粉末の作製法は、アトマイズ法(ガス又は水)や、機械的粉砕法が挙げられる。特に、結晶がナノサイズであるナノ結晶材料からなる粉末、好ましくは異方性ナノ結晶材料からなる粉末を用いると、高異方性で低保磁力のコア部が得られる。軟磁性粉末に形成される絶縁被覆は、燐酸化合物、珪素化合物、ジルコニウム化合物又は硼素化合物などから構成されることが好ましい。バインダ樹脂は、熱可塑性樹脂、非熱可塑性樹脂、又は高級脂肪酸を利用することが好ましい。   Soft magnetic powder is Fe group metal powder such as Fe, Co, Ni, Fe-based alloy powder such as Fe-Si, Fe-Ni, Fe-Al, Fe-Co, Fe-Cr, Fe-Si-Al, Or rare earth metal powder, ferrite powder, etc. can be used. Examples of a method for producing such a powder include an atomizing method (gas or water) and a mechanical grinding method. In particular, when a powder made of a nanocrystalline material whose crystals are nano-sized, preferably a powder made of an anisotropic nanocrystalline material, a core portion having high anisotropy and low coercive force can be obtained. The insulating coating formed on the soft magnetic powder is preferably composed of a phosphoric acid compound, a silicon compound, a zirconium compound or a boron compound. The binder resin preferably uses a thermoplastic resin, a non-thermoplastic resin, or a higher fatty acid.

<焼結体の場合>
外側コア部や連結コア部を焼結体とする場合、通常、非磁性粉末及びバインダ樹脂の混合粉末と軟磁性粉末とを混合し、この混合粉末を成形後、高温にて焼結する。焼結時、バインダ樹脂はほぼ消失して、軟磁性粉末と非磁性粉末とが焼結される。そのため、軟磁性粉末と非磁性粉末との混合比を調整することで、上述した圧粉成形体の場合と同様に、低透磁率材料からなるコア部が得られる。その他、混合粉末の成形時の圧力を変えることでも、コア部の比透磁率を調整できる。非磁性粉末の配合量が多い方が、又は混合粉末の成形圧力が低い方がコア部の比透磁率を低くできる傾向にある。
<For sintered body>
When the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are made into a sintered body, a mixed powder of nonmagnetic powder and binder resin and soft magnetic powder are usually mixed, and the mixed powder is molded and then sintered at a high temperature. During sintering, the binder resin almost disappears and the soft magnetic powder and the nonmagnetic powder are sintered. Therefore, by adjusting the mixing ratio of the soft magnetic powder and the nonmagnetic powder, a core portion made of a low magnetic permeability material can be obtained as in the case of the above-described powder compact. In addition, the relative permeability of the core portion can be adjusted by changing the pressure at the time of forming the mixed powder. There is a tendency that the relative permeability of the core portion can be lowered when the blending amount of the nonmagnetic powder is large or when the molding pressure of the mixed powder is low.

軟磁性粉末は、上記圧粉成形体と同様に、鉄族金属粉末、Fe基合金粉末、或は希土類金属粉末、フェライト粉末などが利用できる。非磁性粉末は、Cu,Al,Siなどの単一元素によるものの他、Al2O3やSiO2などの化合物によるものが利用できる。バインダ樹脂は、熱可塑性樹脂、非熱可塑性樹脂、又は高級脂肪酸が好適に利用できる。 As the soft magnetic powder, iron group metal powder, Fe-based alloy powder, rare earth metal powder, ferrite powder or the like can be used as in the above compacted body. The nonmagnetic powder can be based on a single element such as Cu, Al, Si, or a compound such as Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 . As the binder resin, a thermoplastic resin, a non-thermoplastic resin, or a higher fatty acid can be suitably used.

<成形硬化体の場合>
外側コア部や連結コア部を成形硬化体で構成する場合、成形硬化体を得る方法は、射出成形と注型成形とがある。射出成形は、通常、軟磁性粉末(必要に応じて更に非磁性粉末を加えた混合粉末)と流動性のあるバインダ樹脂とを混合し、この混合流体を、圧力をかけて成形型に流し込んで成形した後、バインダ樹脂を硬化させる。一方、注型成形は、射出成形と同様の混合流体を得た後、この混合流体を、圧力をかけることなく成形型に注入して成形・硬化させる。いずれの成形手法も、バインダ樹脂は、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂が好適に利用できる。バインダ樹脂に熱硬化性樹脂を用いた場合、成形体を加熱して樹脂を熱硬化させる。バインダ樹脂に常温硬化性樹脂或は低温硬化性樹脂を用いてもよく、この場合、成形体を常温〜比較的低温に放置して樹脂を硬化させる。その他、射出成形後に成形体を高温にて熱処理して、軟磁性粉末同士又は軟磁性粉末と非磁性粉末とを焼結させてもよい(MIM:Metal Injection Molding)。射出成形や注型成形を利用する場合も、焼結させない場合は、軟磁性粉末(非磁性粉末)とバインダ樹脂の配合を変えることで、焼結させる場合は、軟磁性粉末と非磁性粉末との配合を変えることで、コア部の構成材料の比透磁率を調整できる。例えば、軟磁性粉末の配合量を減らすと、比透磁率は小さくなる傾向にある。
<In the case of molded hardened body>
In the case where the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are formed of a molded cured body, methods for obtaining the molded cured body include injection molding and cast molding. Injection molding usually involves mixing soft magnetic powder (mixed powder with non-magnetic powder added if necessary) and fluid binder resin, and pouring this mixed fluid into a mold under pressure. After molding, the binder resin is cured. On the other hand, in cast molding, after obtaining a fluid mixture similar to that of injection molding, the fluid mixture is injected into a mold without applying pressure to be molded and cured. In any molding technique, a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, or a silicone resin can be suitably used as the binder resin. When a thermosetting resin is used as the binder resin, the molded body is heated to thermoset the resin. A normal temperature curable resin or a low temperature curable resin may be used as the binder resin. In this case, the molded body is allowed to stand at a normal temperature to a relatively low temperature to be cured. In addition, after injection molding, the molded body may be heat treated at a high temperature to sinter soft magnetic powders or soft magnetic powder and nonmagnetic powder (MIM: Metal Injection Molding). Even when using injection molding or cast molding, if not sintered, soft magnetic powder (non-magnetic powder) and binder resin are mixed, and when sintering, soft magnetic powder and non-magnetic powder The relative magnetic permeability of the constituent material of the core part can be adjusted by changing the composition of. For example, when the blending amount of the soft magnetic powder is reduced, the relative permeability tends to decrease.

一方、内側コア部の飽和磁束密度を高くするには、例えば、比透磁率が大きい高透磁率材料を用いることが挙げられる。例えば、内側コア部は、上述したように電磁鋼板を用いて形成する。内側コア部を圧粉成形体で構成する場合、比透磁率が50以上、特に300〜500の磁性材料で構成することが挙げられる。このとき、上述した低透磁率材料からなる外側コア部や連結コア部を得る場合と逆に、軟磁性粉末とバインダ樹脂との混合粉末において軟磁性粉末の配合量を増やしたり、混合粉末の成形圧力を高くすることで、内側コア部の比透磁率を高くできる傾向にある。なお、内側コア部もその全体が一様な比透磁率の磁性材料から構成されると、磁束がコア部中を均一的に通るため好ましい。   On the other hand, in order to increase the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion, for example, it is possible to use a high magnetic permeability material having a large relative magnetic permeability. For example, the inner core portion is formed using a magnetic steel sheet as described above. When the inner core portion is formed of a powder compact, it may be formed of a magnetic material having a relative magnetic permeability of 50 or more, particularly 300 to 500. At this time, contrary to the case of obtaining the outer core part and the connecting core part made of the low magnetic permeability material described above, the blending amount of the soft magnetic powder is increased in the mixed powder of the soft magnetic powder and the binder resin, or the mixed powder is molded. By increasing the pressure, the relative permeability of the inner core portion tends to be increased. In addition, it is preferable that the inner core portion is made of a magnetic material having a uniform relative permeability as a whole because the magnetic flux passes uniformly through the core portion.

内側コア部の飽和磁束密度は、1.7T以上とすると共に、外側コア部及び連結コア部の1.2倍以上高いものとする。1.2倍未満であると、内側コア部の断面積の低減度合いが小さく、コイルの使用量を低減し難い。また、内側コア部の飽和磁束密度は、高いほど好ましく、1.8T以上、特に、2.0T以上が好ましい。   The saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion is set to 1.7 T or higher, and is 1.2 times higher than that of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion. If it is less than 1.2 times, the degree of reduction of the cross-sectional area of the inner core is small, and it is difficult to reduce the amount of coil used. Further, the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion is preferably as high as possible, and is preferably 1.8 T or more, and particularly preferably 2.0 T or more.

本発明リアクトル用コアは、内側コア部の外周にコイルを配置してリアクトルとして好適に利用することができる。コイルは、巻線を巻回することで形成される。巻線は、代表的には絶縁被膜を有する金属線により構成される。金属線は、その断面形状が円形の他、四角形、六角形といった多角形など、種々の形状のものがあり、いずれの形状のものを用いてもよい。コイルの形状は、コイルが配される内側コア部の外形に適合した形態が好ましい。上記金属線は、導電性が高い銅や銅合金からなるものが好ましく、上記絶縁被覆は、エナメルなどが挙げられる。   The core for reactor of the present invention can be suitably used as a reactor by arranging a coil on the outer periphery of the inner core portion. The coil is formed by winding a winding. The winding is typically composed of a metal wire having an insulating coating. The metal wire has various shapes such as a polygonal shape such as a quadrangle and a hexagon in addition to a circular cross-sectional shape, and any shape may be used. The shape of the coil is preferably in a form adapted to the outer shape of the inner core portion where the coil is disposed. The metal wire is preferably made of copper or copper alloy having high conductivity, and examples of the insulating coating include enamel.

上記コイルは、励磁した際のコイルの振動による騒音を低減するため、接着剤などを用いて本発明コアに固定することが好ましい。接着剤は、例えば、エポキシ樹脂やウレタン樹脂などが利用できる。   The coil is preferably fixed to the core of the present invention using an adhesive or the like in order to reduce noise caused by vibration of the coil when excited. For example, an epoxy resin or a urethane resin can be used as the adhesive.

本発明コアと上記コイルとが接触する部分にインシュレータを配置したリアクトルとすると、コイルと本発明コアとの間をより確実に絶縁することができ、コイルに大電流が流れたとしても、絶縁破壊や渦電流の発生を防止できる。インシュレータを構成する絶縁材料は、例えば、PPS(Poly Phenylene Sulfide)やLCP(Liquid Crystal Polymer)などの樹脂が挙げられる。このような樹脂に、ガラス(二酸化珪素)、アルミナ(酸化アルミニウム)、酸化チタンなどの無機充填剤を添加して熱伝導性を高めると、コイルの熱を本発明コアに伝え易く好ましい。無機充填剤の添加量は、適宜選択するとよい。このインシュレータは、分割片を組み合わせて一体となる構成とすると、本発明コアに配置し易く好ましい。   When the reactor in which the insulator is disposed at the portion where the core of the present invention and the coil are in contact is provided, the coil and the core of the present invention can be more reliably insulated, and even if a large current flows through the coil, the dielectric breakdown occurs. And generation of eddy currents can be prevented. Examples of the insulating material constituting the insulator include resins such as PPS (Poly Phenylene Sulfide) and LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer). It is preferable to add an inorganic filler such as glass (silicon dioxide), alumina (aluminum oxide), or titanium oxide to such a resin to enhance the thermal conductivity so that the heat of the coil can be easily transferred to the core of the present invention. The amount of the inorganic filler added may be appropriately selected. It is preferable that this insulator is easily arranged in the core of the present invention when the divided pieces are combined and integrated.

本発明コアを具えるリアクトルの製造方法として、以下の製造方法が挙げられる。本発明のリアクトルの製造方法は、巻線を巻回してなるコイルと、このコイルが配されるリアクトル用コアとを具え、ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車に搭載されるリアクトルを製造する方法であり、以下の工程を具える。
(1) コイルと、前記コイルの内側に配される柱状の内側コア部と、前記コイルの外側に配される中空筒状の外側コア部と、前記コイルの両端部を覆って内側コア部及び外側コア部を連結する一対の板状の連結コア部とを準備する工程。
(2) 前記外側コア部に前記コイルを配置する工程。
(3) 前記一方の連結コア部に前記内側コア部を位置決めして接合する工程。
(4) 前記コイルの内側に前記内側コア部を嵌め込み、前記外側コア部の一端面と前記一方の連結コア部とを接合する工程。
(5) 前記外側コア部の他端面と前記他方の連結コア部とを接合する工程。
上記工程により、前記各コア部がギャップを介することなく一体化されたリアクトルを製造する。
但し、前記リアクトル用コアは以下の(I)〜(IV)を満たすものとする。
(I) 前記内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が、1.7T以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の飽和磁束密度の1.2倍以上である。
(II) 前記リアクトル用コア全体の平均透磁率が比透磁率で5〜50である。
(III) 前記内側コア部の比透磁率が50以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の比透磁率が3以上50以下である。
(IV) 前記リアクトル用コアと同様の形状のコアで、このコア全体の平均透磁率が前記リアクトル用コアと等しく、かつコア全体の飽和磁束密度が一様であるコアを比較コアとするとき、この比較コアと同じ磁束を得る場合、前記リアクトル用コアは、前記内側コア部の断面積が比較コアの内側コア部より小さいことでコア全体が比較コアより小さいものとする。
The following manufacturing method is mentioned as a manufacturing method of the reactor which provides this invention core. A method for manufacturing a reactor according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a reactor mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, including a coil formed by winding a coil and a reactor core on which the coil is arranged. The process is provided.
(1) a coil, a columnar inner core portion disposed inside the coil, a hollow cylindrical outer core portion disposed outside the coil, an inner core portion covering both ends of the coil, and A step of preparing a pair of plate-like connecting core parts for connecting the outer core parts.
(2) A step of arranging the coil in the outer core portion.
(3) A step of positioning and joining the inner core portion to the one connecting core portion.
(4) A step of fitting the inner core portion inside the coil and joining one end surface of the outer core portion and the one connecting core portion.
(5) A step of joining the other end surface of the outer core portion and the other connecting core portion.
By the said process, the reactor with which each said core part was integrated without passing through a gap is manufactured.
However, the reactor core shall satisfy the following (I) to (IV).
(I) The saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core part is 1.7 T or more and 1.2 times or more of the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core part and the connecting core part.
(II) The average permeability of the entire reactor core is 5 to 50 in terms of relative permeability.
(III) The relative permeability of the inner core portion is 50 or more, and the relative permeability of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion is 3 or more and 50 or less.
(IV) When the core having the same shape as the core for the reactor, the average permeability of the entire core is equal to the core for the reactor, and the core having the uniform saturation magnetic flux density is the comparison core, In the case where the same magnetic flux as that of the comparison core is obtained, the core for reactor is assumed to be smaller than the comparison core because the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is smaller than the inner core portion of the comparison core.

本発明リアクトル用コアを用いることで、リアクトルにおけるコイルの使用量を低減することができる。   By using the reactor core of the present invention, the amount of coil used in the reactor can be reduced.

本発明リアクトル用コアを具えるリアクトルの一例を示し、(A)は外観斜視図、(B)は縦断面図、(C)は横断面図である。1 shows an example of a reactor including a reactor core according to the present invention, in which (A) is an external perspective view, (B) is a longitudinal sectional view, and (C) is a transverse sectional view. 図1のリアクトルの分解斜視図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the reactor of FIG.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図に基づいて説明する。
(実施例1)
図1は、ポット型のリアクトル用コアを具えるリアクトルの一例を示し、(A)は外観斜視図、(B)は縦断面図、(C)は横断面図、図2は、このリアクトルの分解斜視図である。リアクトルLは、外観形状が円柱状であり、磁性材料からなるコア1と、コア1の外周に配置されるコイルCとを具える。コア1は、円柱状の内側コア部11と、中空円筒状の外側コア部12と、一対の円板状の連結コア部13とから構成される。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 shows an example of a reactor having a pot-type reactor core, (A) is an external perspective view, (B) is a longitudinal sectional view, (C) is a transverse sectional view, and FIG. 2 is a view of the reactor. It is a disassembled perspective view. Reactor L has a cylindrical outer appearance, and includes a core 1 made of a magnetic material and a coil C disposed on the outer periphery of core 1. The core 1 includes a columnar inner core portion 11, a hollow cylindrical outer core portion 12, and a pair of disk-shaped connecting core portions 13.

内側コア部11は、コイルCの内側に配され、外側コア部12は、コイルCの外周面を覆うようにコイルCの外側に配され、両コア部11,12は、同心円状に配されている。連結コア部13は、コイルCの両端部を覆っており、一端側(図1,2において上端側)を覆う上方連結コア部13uと、他端側(同下端側)を覆う下方連結コア部13dとからなる。外側コア部12の外径と両連結コア部13u,13dの外径とは実質的に同一である。   The inner core portion 11 is arranged inside the coil C, the outer core portion 12 is arranged outside the coil C so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the coil C, and both the core portions 11 and 12 are arranged concentrically. ing. The connection core portion 13 covers both ends of the coil C, and includes an upper connection core portion 13u that covers one end side (the upper end side in FIGS. 1 and 2) and a lower connection core portion that covers the other end side (the same lower end side). It consists of 13d. The outer diameter of the outer core portion 12 and the outer diameters of both the connecting core portions 13u and 13d are substantially the same.

各コア部11,12,13はそれぞれ、分割可能な分割片である。コア1は、これら分割片同士を接着剤により接合して一体にしてなり、分割片間にギャップを有していないギャップレス構造である。これら各分割片は、圧粉成形体から構成される。   Each of the core parts 11, 12, and 13 is a split piece that can be split. The core 1 has a gapless structure in which these divided pieces are joined together by an adhesive and integrated, and no gap is formed between the divided pieces. Each of these divided pieces is composed of a green compact.

そして、コア1は、内側コア部11が外側コア部12及び連結コア部13よりも飽和磁束密度が高いことを最大の特徴とする。飽和磁束密度を高くするために内側コア部11は、磁性材料粉末に対するバインダ樹脂の割合を、外側コア部12及び連結コア部13における同割合よりも小さくして、即ち、磁性材料粉末が多くなるようにして作製している。そのため、内側コア部11は、外側コア部12及び連結コア部13よりも比透磁率が高くなっており、結果として飽和磁束密度も高い。   The core 1 is characterized in that the inner core portion 11 has a higher saturation magnetic flux density than the outer core portion 12 and the connecting core portion 13. In order to increase the saturation magnetic flux density, the inner core portion 11 is configured such that the ratio of the binder resin to the magnetic material powder is smaller than the same ratio in the outer core portion 12 and the connecting core portion 13, that is, the magnetic material powder increases. It is made like this. Therefore, the inner core portion 11 has a higher relative magnetic permeability than the outer core portion 12 and the connecting core portion 13, and as a result, the saturation magnetic flux density is also higher.

このような分割片からなるコア1を用いてリアクトルLを組み立てる手順を説明する。
図2に示すように、巻線を巻回してなるコイルCを予め用意しておき、コイルCを外側コア部12の内側に嵌め込む。外側コア部12の上下端面にはそれぞれ、コイルCを構成する巻線の両端部Weを引き出すための切欠12cが形成されており、巻線の両端部Weがこの切欠12cに嵌め込まれるように、コイルCを外側コア部12内に位置決めする。図2に示すコイルCは、断面矩形状の平角金属巻線をいわゆるエッジワイズ巻きにして形成させたものであり、円柱状の内側コア部11に対応させて中空円筒状としている。
A procedure for assembling the reactor L using the core 1 composed of such divided pieces will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, a coil C formed by winding a winding is prepared in advance, and the coil C is fitted inside the outer core portion 12. On the upper and lower end surfaces of the outer core portion 12, a notch 12c is formed for pulling out both end portions We of the windings constituting the coil C, and both ends We of the windings are fitted into the notches 12c. The coil C is positioned in the outer core portion 12. A coil C shown in FIG. 2 is formed by so-called edgewise winding of a rectangular metal winding having a rectangular cross section, and has a hollow cylindrical shape corresponding to the columnar inner core portion 11.

次に、下方連結コア部13dの中心と内側コア部11の中心とが一致するように、連結コア部13dに対して内側コア部11を位置決めして両部13d,11を接合する。この内側コア部11にコイルCを嵌め込むようにして、コイルCが嵌められた外側コア部12を下方連結コア部13dの上に位置決めして接合する。   Next, the inner core part 11 is positioned with respect to the connecting core part 13d so that the center of the lower connecting core part 13d and the center of the inner core part 11 coincide with each other, and both parts 13d and 11 are joined. As the coil C is fitted into the inner core part 11, the outer core part 12 fitted with the coil C is positioned and joined on the lower connecting core part 13d.

そして、外側コア部12の上端面に上方連結コア部13uを接合して、コア1を形成すると共に、コイルCをコア1内に収納する。このようにしてポット型のコア1を具えるリアクトルLが得られ、内側コア部11、上方連結コア部13u、外側コア部12、下方連結コア部13dを通って内側コア部11に戻る閉磁路が形成される。この閉磁路は、途中にギャップが形成されていない。   Then, the upper connecting core portion 13u is joined to the upper end surface of the outer core portion 12 to form the core 1, and the coil C is accommodated in the core 1. Thus, a reactor L having a pot-shaped core 1 is obtained, and a closed magnetic path that returns to the inner core portion 11 through the inner core portion 11, the upper connecting core portion 13u, the outer core portion 12, and the lower connecting core portion 13d. Is formed. This closed magnetic circuit has no gap formed in the middle.

<試験例>
部分的に飽和磁束密度が異なるコア1と、飽和磁束密度が一様であるコア(以下、比較コアと呼ぶ)とにおいて同じ磁束が得られるように、コア1及び比較コアを作製し、両者の内側コア部の大きさを比較した。ここでは、いずれのコアもポット型とし、上述のように磁束が等しくなるように材料を調整した。
<Test example>
The core 1 and the comparison core were prepared so that the same magnetic flux was obtained in the core 1 with partially different saturation magnetic flux density and the core with uniform saturation magnetic flux density (hereinafter referred to as a comparison core). The size of the inner core part was compared. Here, all the cores were pot-shaped, and the material was adjusted so that the magnetic flux was equal as described above.

[コア1]
軟磁性粉末として水アトマイズ純鉄粉(平均粒径100μm程度)を、バインダ樹脂としてポリエチレン(粉末)を用意する。この鉄粉とポリエチレンとを、樹脂量比(樹脂の質量/樹脂と鉄粉との合計質量)が4%となるように混合する。この混合粉末を所定の成形型に充填し、成形圧力980MPaで成形する。そして、成形体を250℃×60分で熱処理して、圧粉成形体からなる外側コア部、及び一対の連結コア部を得る。
[Core 1]
Water atomized pure iron powder (average particle size of about 100 μm) is prepared as a soft magnetic powder, and polyethylene (powder) is prepared as a binder resin. The iron powder and polyethylene are mixed so that the resin amount ratio (the mass of the resin / the total mass of the resin and the iron powder) is 4%. This mixed powder is filled in a predetermined mold and molded at a molding pressure of 980 MPa. And a molded object is heat-processed at 250 degreeC x 60 minutes, and the outer core part which consists of a compacting body, and a pair of connection core part are obtained.

一方、樹脂量比が0.3%となるように鉄粉とポリエチレンとを混合した混合粉末を用いて、上記と同様の条件で成形、熱処理を行って圧粉成形体からなる内側コア部を得る。   On the other hand, by using a mixed powder obtained by mixing iron powder and polyethylene so that the resin amount ratio is 0.3%, molding and heat treatment are performed under the same conditions as described above to obtain an inner core portion made of a compacted body.

得られた各コア部の比透磁率及び飽和磁束密度を測定したところ、外側コア部及び連結コア部は、比透磁率:20、飽和磁束密度:0.95T、内側コア部は、比透磁率:300、飽和磁束密度:1.7T(外側コア部及び連結コア部の約1.8倍)であった。また、コア1全体の平均透磁率は、比透磁率で30であった。なお、比透磁率及び飽和磁束密度の測定は、理研電子株式会社製のBHトレーサを用いて行った。   When the relative permeability and saturation magnetic flux density of each of the obtained core parts were measured, the outer core part and the connecting core part had a relative magnetic permeability of 20, a saturation magnetic flux density of 0.95 T, and the inner core part had a relative magnetic permeability: 300, saturation magnetic flux density: 1.7 T (about 1.8 times the outer core portion and the connected core portion). The average magnetic permeability of the entire core 1 was 30 in terms of relative permeability. The relative permeability and saturation magnetic flux density were measured using a BH tracer manufactured by Riken Denshi Co., Ltd.

[比較コア]
他方、樹脂量比が3%となるように鉄粉とポリエチレンとを混合した混合粉末を用いて、上記と同様の条件で成形、熱処理を行って圧粉成形体からなる内側コア部、外側コア部、及び一対の連結コア部を得る。即ち、これらのコア部はいずれも樹脂量比が等しい材料からなる圧粉成形体で構成されている。この比較コアについて、コア1と同様にして比透磁率及び飽和磁束密度を測定したところ、比透磁率:30、飽和磁束密度:1.0Tであった。
[Comparison core]
On the other hand, using a mixed powder in which iron powder and polyethylene are mixed so that the resin content ratio is 3%, molding and heat treatment are performed under the same conditions as above, and an inner core portion and an outer core made of a compacted body are formed. And a pair of connecting core parts. That is, each of these core portions is formed of a compacted body made of a material having the same resin amount ratio. With respect to this comparative core, the relative magnetic permeability and the saturation magnetic flux density were measured in the same manner as the core 1, and the relative magnetic permeability was 30 and the saturation magnetic flux density was 1.0T.

得られたコア1及び比較コアについて、内側コア部11の断面積(図1(C)に示す円形面の面積)を比較したところ、コア1の内側コア部11は、700mm2であり、比較コアの内側コア部は、1000mm2であった。即ち、コア1の内側コア部11は、比較コアの内側コア部と比較して、断面積が約3割小さい。 About the obtained core 1 and the comparative core, when comparing the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion 11 (the area of the circular surface shown in FIG. 1 (C)), the inner core portion 11 of the core 1 is 700 mm 2 The inner core part of the core was 1000 mm 2 . That is, the inner core portion 11 of the core 1 has a cross-sectional area that is approximately 30% smaller than the inner core portion of the comparative core.

以上のことから、外側コア部及び連結コア部よりも飽和磁束密度が高い内側コア部を具えるコア1は、比較コアよりも内側コア部11の断面積を小さくすることができることがわかる。内側コア部11の断面積が小さいことで、コア1の内側コア部11の外周に配されるコイルは、比較コアの内側コア部の外周に配されるコイルよりも1ターンあたりの長さを短くすることができる。従って、コア1を具えるリアクトルLは、比較コアを具えるリアクトルよりもコイルの使用量を低減することができ、コイルの使用量の増大に伴う損失が生じ難い。また、内側コア部11の断面積が小さいことから、コア1も小さくできるため、コア1を具えるリアクトルLは、比較コアを具えるリアクトルよりも小型にすることができる。   From the above, it can be seen that the core 1 including the inner core portion having a saturation magnetic flux density higher than that of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion can reduce the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion 11 as compared with the comparative core. Because the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion 11 is small, the coil disposed on the outer periphery of the inner core portion 11 of the core 1 has a longer length per turn than the coil disposed on the outer periphery of the inner core portion of the comparison core. Can be shortened. Therefore, the reactor L including the core 1 can reduce the amount of use of the coil as compared with the reactor including the comparison core, and loss due to an increase in the amount of use of the coil is less likely to occur. In addition, since the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion 11 is small, the core 1 can also be made small. Therefore, the reactor L including the core 1 can be made smaller than the reactor including the comparison core.

更に、コア1を具えるリアクトルLは、ギャップレス構造であることから、ギャップの存在に伴う騒音や漏れ磁束の問題が実質的に生じない。   Furthermore, since the reactor L including the core 1 has a gapless structure, problems of noise and leakage magnetic flux due to the existence of the gap do not substantially occur.

(実施例2)
上記実施例1では、内側コア部、外側コア部及び連結コア部の全てが圧粉成形体からなる構成を説明した。別の実施形態として、内側コア部が圧粉成形体からなり、外側コア部及び連結コア部が焼結体からなる構成が挙げられる。このとき、内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が外側コア部及び連結コア部よりも高くなるように、焼結体の材料や製造条件を調整する。
(Example 2)
In Example 1 described above, the configuration in which all of the inner core portion, the outer core portion, and the connecting core portion are formed of a green compact is described. Another embodiment includes a configuration in which the inner core portion is formed of a compacted body, and the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are formed of a sintered body. At this time, the material and manufacturing conditions of the sintered body are adjusted so that the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion is higher than that of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion.

(実施例3)
更に、別の実施形態として、内側コア部が圧粉成形体からなり、外側コア部及び連結コア部が樹脂の成形硬化体からなる構成が挙げられる。このとき、内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が外側コア部及び連結コア部よりも高くなるように、成形硬化体の材料や製造条件を調整する。
(Example 3)
Furthermore, as another embodiment, a configuration in which the inner core portion is made of a compacted molded body and the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are made of a resin-molded and cured body can be mentioned. At this time, the material and manufacturing conditions of the molded cured body are adjusted so that the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion is higher than that of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion.

(実施例4)
更に、別の実施形態として、内側コア部が電磁鋼板を積層した積層体からなり、外側コア部及び連結コア部が圧粉成形体、焼結体、及び樹脂の成形硬化体のいずれかからなる構成が挙げられる。電磁鋼板は、一般に、圧粉成形体、焼結体、及び樹脂の成形硬化体のいずれよりも、飽和磁束密度が高い傾向にある。従って、外側コア部及び連結コア部は、圧粉成形体、焼結体、及び樹脂の成形硬化体のいずれかを適宜選択することができる。また、電磁鋼板は比透磁率が高いことから、内側コア部が圧粉成形体で構成される上記実施例1〜3と比較して、この実施例の内側コア部は、断面積をより小さくすることができる。
(Example 4)
Furthermore, as another embodiment, the inner core portion is made of a laminated body in which electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated, and the outer core portion and the connecting core portion are made of any one of a green compact, a sintered body, and a resin molded and hardened body. A configuration is mentioned. In general, an electromagnetic steel sheet tends to have a higher saturation magnetic flux density than any of a green compact, a sintered body, and a molded and hardened resin. Therefore, the outer core portion and the connecting core portion can be appropriately selected from a compacted body, a sintered body, and a molded and cured body of resin. In addition, since the magnetic steel sheet has a high relative permeability, the inner core portion of this embodiment has a smaller cross-sectional area than the above-described Examples 1 to 3 in which the inner core portion is formed of a green compact. can do.

なお、上述した実施例は、本発明の要旨を逸脱することなく、適宜変更することが可能であり、上述した構成に限定されるものではない。例えば、実施例1において樹脂量比を変更することができる。   The above-described embodiments can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention, and are not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, the resin amount ratio in Example 1 can be changed.

本発明リアクトル用コアは、ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車などに搭載される昇圧コンバータに具えるリアクトルの磁性部材として好適に利用することができる。本発明リアクトルは、ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車などに搭載される昇圧コンバータに具えるリアクトルに好適に利用することができる。本発明リアクトルの製造方法は、上記リアクトルの製造に利用することができる。   The reactor core according to the present invention can be suitably used as a magnetic member of a reactor provided in a boost converter mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. The reactor of the present invention can be suitably used for a reactor provided in a boost converter mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. The manufacturing method of this invention reactor can be utilized for manufacture of the said reactor.

1 リアクトル用コア 11 内側コア部 12 外側コア部 12c 切欠
13 連結コア部 13u 上方連結コア部 13d 下方連結コア部
L リアクトル C コイル We コイルの端部
1 Reactor core 11 Inner core 12 Outer core 12c Notch
13 Connecting core part 13u Upper connecting core part 13d Lower connecting core part
L Reactor C Coil We End of coil

Claims (3)

ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車に搭載されるリアクトルに用いられるリアクトル用コアであって、
このコアは、
前記リアクトルを構成するコイルの内側に配される内側コア部と、コイルの外側に配される外側コア部と、コイルの両端部を覆って内側コア部及び外側コア部を連結する連結コア部とを具え、前記各コア部がギャップを介することなく一体化されてなり、
前記内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が、1.7T以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の飽和磁束密度の1.2倍以上であり、
前記リアクトル用コア全体の平均透磁率が比透磁率で5〜50であり、
前記内側コア部の比透磁率が50以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の比透磁率が3以上50以下であり、
前記リアクトル用コアと同様の形状のコアで、このコア全体の平均透磁率が前記リアクトル用コアと等しく、かつコア全体の飽和磁束密度が一様であるコアを比較コアとするとき、この比較コアと同じ磁束を得る場合、前記リアクトル用コアは、前記内側コア部の断面積が比較コアの内側コア部より小さいことでコア全体が比較コアより小さいことを特徴とするリアクトル用コア。
A reactor core used in a reactor mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle,
This core
An inner core portion arranged inside the coil constituting the reactor, an outer core portion arranged outside the coil, and a connecting core portion that covers both ends of the coil and connects the inner core portion and the outer core portion. Each core part is integrated without a gap,
The saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion is 1.7 T or more, and 1.2 times or more of the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion,
The average permeability of the reactor core as a whole is 5 to 50 in terms of relative permeability,
The relative permeability of the inner core part is 50 or more, and the relative permeability of the outer core part and the connecting core part is 3 or more and 50 or less,
When a core having the same shape as the reactor core, the average permeability of the entire core is equal to that of the reactor core and the saturation magnetic flux density of the entire core is uniform, the comparison core is used. When the same magnetic flux is obtained, the reactor core is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is smaller than the inner core portion of the comparison core, so that the entire core is smaller than the comparison core.
請求項1に記載のリアクトル用コアと、前記内側コア部の外周に配置されるコイルとを具えることを特徴とするリアクトル。   2. A reactor comprising the reactor core according to claim 1, and a coil disposed on an outer periphery of the inner core portion. 巻線を巻回してなるコイルと、このコイルが配されるリアクトル用コアとを具え、ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車に搭載されるリアクトルを製造するリアクトルの製造方法であって、
コイルと、前記コイルの内側に配される柱状の内側コア部と、前記コイルの外側に配される中空筒状の外側コア部と、前記コイルの両端部を覆って内側コア部及び外側コア部を連結する一対の板状の連結コア部とを準備する工程と、
前記外側コア部に前記コイルを配置する工程と、
前記一方の連結コア部に前記内側コア部を位置決めして接合する工程と、
前記コイルの内側に前記内側コア部を嵌め込み、前記外側コア部の一端面と前記一方の連結コア部とを接合する工程と、
前記外側コア部の他端面と前記他方の連結コア部とを接合する工程とを具え、
前記各コア部がギャップを介することなく一体化されたリアクトルを製造することを特徴とするリアクトルの製造方法。
但し、前記リアクトル用コアは以下の(1)〜(4)を満たすものとする。
(1) 前記内側コア部の飽和磁束密度が、1.7T以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の飽和磁束密度の1.2倍以上である。
(2) 前記リアクトル用コア全体の平均透磁率が比透磁率で5〜50である。
(3) 前記内側コア部の比透磁率が50以上、かつ前記外側コア部及び連結コア部の比透磁率が3以上50以下である。
(4) 前記リアクトル用コアと同様の形状のコアで、このコア全体の平均透磁率が前記リアクトル用コアと等しく、かつコア全体の飽和磁束密度が一様であるコアを比較コアとするとき、この比較コアと同じ磁束を得る場合、前記リアクトル用コアは、前記内側コア部の断面積が比較コアの内側コア部より小さいことでコア全体が比較コアより小さいものとする。
A reactor manufacturing method comprising a coil formed by winding a coil and a reactor core on which the coil is arranged, and manufacturing a reactor mounted on a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle,
A coil, a columnar inner core portion disposed inside the coil, a hollow cylindrical outer core portion disposed outside the coil, and an inner core portion and an outer core portion covering both ends of the coil Preparing a pair of plate-like connecting core portions for connecting
Disposing the coil on the outer core portion;
Positioning and joining the inner core portion to the one connecting core portion;
Fitting the inner core part inside the coil and joining one end surface of the outer core part and the one connecting core part;
Joining the other end surface of the outer core portion and the other connecting core portion,
A reactor manufacturing method, wherein the core unit is manufactured without an intervening gap.
However, the reactor core shall satisfy the following (1) to (4).
(1) The saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core part is 1.7 T or more and 1.2 times or more of the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core part and the connecting core part.
(2) The average permeability of the entire reactor core is 5 to 50 in terms of relative permeability.
(3) The relative permeability of the inner core portion is 50 or more, and the relative permeability of the outer core portion and the connecting core portion is 3 or more and 50 or less.
(4) When the core having the same shape as the core for the reactor, the average permeability of the entire core is equal to the core for the reactor, and the core having a uniform saturation magnetic flux density is used as the comparison core, In the case where the same magnetic flux as that of the comparison core is obtained, the core for reactor is assumed to be smaller than the comparison core because the cross-sectional area of the inner core portion is smaller than the inner core portion of the comparison core.
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