JP2011074921A - Structure of ultra low head drop water turbine of flow velocity/rate adjusting type - Google Patents
Structure of ultra low head drop water turbine of flow velocity/rate adjusting type Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B7/00—Water wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05B2220/32—Application in turbines in water turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は超低落差水車の構造に関し、より詳しくは、流水の速度エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換する超低落差流体動力学（Ｈｙｄｒｏ−ｋｉｎｅｔｉｃ）（流体内で流体粒子が運動をするときの水の力学的な性質をいい、水の運動エネルギーを用いるという意味。）タービンにおいて流速に応じて流量を調節して水車の効率および出力特性を向上させることができるようにした流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造に関する。 The present invention relates to the structure of an ultra-low-head turbine, and more particularly, to ultra-low-head fluid dynamics (hydro-kinetic) that converts velocity energy of flowing water into electrical energy (water as fluid particles move in a fluid). This is a dynamic property, meaning that kinetic energy of water is used.) Flow rate and flow rate adjustable ultra-low head that can improve the efficiency and output characteristics of the turbine by adjusting the flow rate according to the flow rate in the turbine. It relates to the structure of the turbine.
一般的に、河川水や潮水などの流水力を用いる超低落差水車は、ダムを設置して落差を用いる一般水力や潮力用水車とは異なり、ダムなどのように水をためておく大きな構造物を用いずに水車の一部分またはすべてが水中に沈んでいる状態で、水が流れる力である流水力によって回転するようになっている。このとき、前記水車の出力は水車部分の流入面積に比例し、流速の３乗に比例するという特徴がある。 In general, ultra-low-head turbines that use hydropower such as river water and tidal water are different from general hydropower and tidal turbines that use heads by installing dams. In a state in which a part or all of the water wheel is submerged in water without using a structure, the water wheel is rotated by a flowing water force that is a force through which water flows. At this time, the output of the water wheel is proportional to the inflow area of the water wheel portion and proportional to the cube of the flow velocity.
前記水車は通常、流入水の流れ方向と水車軸の方向が平行な水平軸方式と、流入水の流れ方向と垂直である垂直軸方式とに大別することができ、流水力を最大に用いることができるように流体との摩擦を最小化しなければならず、同時に流速や流量の増減または波高および水位の高低に適切に対応できなければならない。 In general, the water turbine can be broadly divided into a horizontal axis system in which the flow direction of the influent water and the direction of the water wheel axis are parallel, and a vertical axis system that is perpendicular to the flow direction of the influent water. In order to be able to do so, friction with the fluid must be minimized, and at the same time it must be able to respond appropriately to fluctuations in flow velocity and flow rate or to wave heights and water levels.
しかしながら、従来の超低落差水車は、流速や流量の変化、水位の変化によって流量および流速を変化させることができるいずれの構成も設けられておらず、水位および流量・流速の変化がひどい地域では使用に制約があった。 However, the conventional ultra low-head turbine is not provided with any configuration that can change the flow rate and flow rate by changing the flow rate, flow rate, and water level, and in regions where the water level, flow rate and flow rate change are severe. There were restrictions on use.
すなわち、流速が設計範囲よりも小さい場合には水車が適正回転数に至ることができずに稼動がなされず、反対に流速が大きい場合には過度な回転によって稼動することができなかった。 That is, when the flow velocity is smaller than the design range, the water turbine cannot reach an appropriate rotational speed and cannot be operated. On the contrary, when the flow velocity is large, the turbine cannot be operated due to excessive rotation.
また、特定の回転数で回転するように設計する場合にも、最適効率を有する流速よりも大きいか小さい流速では水車の効率が大きく低下した。さらに、水位および流量流速の変化がひどい地域に設置しても、流速および流量の頻繁な変化によって水車に無理を与え、容易に破損するという問題点と共に、均一な電力が得られないという短所があった。 Further, even when designing to rotate at a specific rotation speed, the efficiency of the water turbine is greatly reduced at a flow velocity larger or smaller than the flow velocity having the optimum efficiency. In addition, even if it is installed in a region where the water level and flow velocity change are severe, the frequent changes in flow velocity and flow force the water wheel, causing it to break easily, and the disadvantage that uniform power cannot be obtained. there were.
本発明は、上述したような従来の問題点を解決するために案出されたものであって、水位および流量、流速の変化がひどい地域でも能動的な対応が可能であり、常に一定の流量および流速を維持して水車の効率および運転の特性を向上させて均一な電力が得られるようにする、流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been devised in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and is capable of actively responding to an area where the change in water level, flow rate, and flow velocity is severe, and always has a constant flow rate. It is another object of the present invention to provide a structure of an ultra-low-head turbine capable of adjusting flow velocity and flow rate so that uniform power can be obtained by maintaining the flow velocity and improving the efficiency and operation characteristics of the turbine.
すなわち、流入流速が速いときは流入断面を減らし、流入流速が遅いときには流入断面を増やすことにより、水車部では常に一定の流速および流量を維持して均一な電力を得ることができる。 That is, by reducing the inflow cross section when the inflow flow velocity is fast and increasing the inflow cross section when the inflow flow velocity is slow, the water turbine can always maintain a constant flow velocity and flow rate and obtain uniform power.
本発明の目的および長所は以下で詳細に説明され、後述する実施形態によってより具体化される。また、本発明の目的および長所は、特許請求の範囲に記載されている手段およびこれらの組み合わせによって実現することができる。 The objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail below, and are more specifically embodied by the embodiments described below. The objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means described in the claims and combinations thereof.
上述した目的を達成するために、本発明は、海洋、河川、人工水路などの低水深地域に設置されるものであって、地盤に固定設置される支持部；前記支持部と結合して水の運動エネルギーの伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産することができる水車部；および前記水車部の上部に結合して水の流速および流量を調節し、水密構造からなり、流圧の供給によって選択的に回転する流量調節部が設けられた浮遊部材；を含む、流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造を提供する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention is provided in a low water depth region such as the ocean, a river, an artificial waterway, etc., and has a support portion fixedly installed on the ground; A turbine part capable of producing electrical energy upon receiving the kinetic energy of the water; and coupled to the upper part of the turbine part to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the water, comprising a watertight structure, and selectively by supplying a fluid pressure And a floating member provided with a rotating flow rate adjusting unit.
また、本発明は、川や海などの大水深地域に設置されるものであって、水の運動エネルギーの伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産することができる水車部；前記水車部の水平方向の両終端に結合して水の流速および流量を調節し、水密構造からなり、流圧の供給によって選択的に回転する流量調節部が設けられた一対の浮遊部材；および前記一対の浮遊部材の下部に設置されて浮遊部材を固定するための固定部材；を含む、流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造を提供する。 In addition, the present invention is a water turbine unit that is installed in a deep water area such as a river or the sea, and can produce electric energy by receiving the kinetic energy of water; A pair of floating members coupled to both ends to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of water, having a watertight structure, and provided with a flow rate adjusting unit that selectively rotates by supplying a flow pressure; and lower portions of the pair of floating members And a fixing member for fixing the floating member. The structure of the flow rate and flow rate control type ultra-low drop turbine is provided.
また、本発明において、前記支持部は、多数のパイル杭打によって固定設置されることを特徴とする。 Moreover, in this invention, the said support part is fixedly installed by many pile pile driving | operations, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
また、本発明において、前記水車部は、前記支持部と浮遊部材の間に設置され、一対の側壁と前記側壁を連結する連結部材からなる水車固定台；前記一対の側壁の間に両終端が回転可能に設置されて流速によって回転する回転軸；前記回転軸の外周面を囲むように形成される多数の回転羽根；および前記回転軸と連結して回転軸の回転力の伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産し、前記一対の側壁のうちのいずれか１つに設置される発電機；からなることを特徴とする。 Further, in the present invention, the water turbine part is installed between the support part and the floating member, and includes a pair of side walls and a connecting member that connects the side walls; both terminal ends between the pair of side walls. A rotating shaft that is rotatably installed and rotates according to a flow rate; a number of rotating blades that are formed so as to surround an outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft; and an electric power that is connected to the rotating shaft and receives the rotational force of the rotating shaft. A generator that produces energy and is installed on any one of the pair of side walls.
また、本発明において、前記浮遊部材は、水が流入しない水密構造であり、一側が前記水車部と固定結合し、その内部に流圧ポンプが設けられ、一端に内側に陥没する結合部が形成された本体；および前記本体の結合部に回転可能に結合し、前記流圧ポンプから供給される流圧によって選択的に回転する流量調節部；からなることを特徴とする。 Further, in the present invention, the floating member has a watertight structure in which water does not flow in, one side is fixedly coupled to the water turbine portion, a fluid pressure pump is provided therein, and a coupling portion that is recessed inside is formed at one end. And a flow rate adjusting portion that is rotatably coupled to the coupling portion of the main body and selectively rotates according to a fluid pressure supplied from the fluid pressure pump.
また、本発明において、前記流量調節部は扇形状で形成され、その内角が１３５゜であることを特徴とする。 In the present invention, the flow rate adjusting portion is formed in a fan shape and has an inner angle of 135 °.
また、本発明において、前記流量調節部の一側外周面には外周面に沿ってＯリング溝が形成されており、このＯリング溝にＯリングが挿嵌されることを特徴とする。 In the present invention, an O-ring groove is formed along the outer peripheral surface on one outer peripheral surface of the flow rate adjusting portion, and an O-ring is inserted into the O-ring groove.
また、本発明において、前記浮遊部材は、周辺水の流れを円滑に誘導して全体的な抵抗を減らすことができるように流線形で形成されることを特徴とする。 In the present invention, the floating member is formed in a streamlined manner so that the flow of the surrounding water can be smoothly guided to reduce the overall resistance.
また、本発明において、前記固定部材は、前記浮遊部材の下部に連結する多数のワイヤ；および前記ワイヤと結合して前記浮遊部材を固定させ、海底の底面に固定設置されるアンカー；からなることを特徴とする。 Further, in the present invention, the fixing member includes a number of wires connected to a lower portion of the floating member; and an anchor fixed to the bottom surface of the seabed that is fixed to the bottom of the seabed by being coupled to the wire and fixing the floating member. It is characterized by.
したがって、本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造は、潮位や水位の変化に応じて変化する流入流速および流量の変化に能動的に対応する水車であって、水車の効率が向上すると共に常に均一な電力確保が可能であり、水をためておく大きい規模のダムなどを設置しないため、設置時に自然を大きく破損せずに容易に設置が可能であって、親環境的であるという長所がある。 Therefore, the structure of the flow rate / flow rate control type ultra-low head turbine according to the present invention is a turbine that actively responds to changes in the inflow velocity and flow rate that change according to changes in the tide level and water level, and the efficiency of the turbine is improved. In addition, it is possible to ensure uniform power at all times, and because it does not install a large-scale dam that stores water, it can be installed easily without damaging nature at the time of installation, and it is environmentally friendly. There is an advantage.
また、流入水の全体流速範囲が広くても水車部では流速の変化範囲が小さいため、単純な固定比率の増速機と単純な発電機を採択することができて経済的であるという利点があり、必要によっては流入面積を大きくし水車部を小さくして運営することもできるため、水車の大きさを減らすことができるという長所がある。 In addition, even if the entire flow velocity range of the influent water is wide, since the change range of the flow velocity is small in the turbine section, a simple fixed speed increaser and a simple generator can be adopted, which is economical. There is an advantage that the size of the water wheel can be reduced because the inflow area can be increased and the water wheel portion can be made smaller if necessary.
また、必要によっては流量調節部の作動によって水車部に流入する水を防ぐこともできるため、修理などのために水車を停止しようとするときにも別途の水門が必要ないという長所がある。 In addition, since it is possible to prevent the water flowing into the water turbine part by operating the flow rate adjusting part if necessary, there is an advantage that a separate sluice is not required when stopping the water wheel for repair or the like.
以下、本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造の構成および作用効果を、好ましい実施形態と添付の図面を参照しながらより詳しく説明する。 Hereinafter, the structure and operation effect of the structure of the flow rate and flow rate control type ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
図１は本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造を低水深地域に設置した様子を概略的に示す側面図であり、図２は図１の正面図であり、図３は本発明に用いられた浮遊部材を概略的に分解した分解斜視図であり、図４ａ〜図４ｃは本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車が作動する状態を概略的に示す作動図である。 FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a structure of an ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention in a low water depth region, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a floating member used in the invention, and FIGS. 4a to 4c are operation diagrams schematically showing a state in which the flow rate / flow rate control type ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention is operated. FIG. .
本発明は発電所の取排水路、産業施設の人工水路、低水深の河川、流速が速い海洋に適用可能な超低落差流体動力学（流体内で流体粒子が運動をするときの水の力学的な性質）水車であって、水中に設置されて水の流速によって回転するようにしたものであり、低水深に設置される水車と大水深に設置される水車とに大別される。 The present invention is an ultra-low-drop fluid dynamics applicable to power plant intake and drainage channels, industrial facility artificial water channels, low water depth rivers, and high-velocity oceans (water dynamics when fluid particles move in a fluid) This is a water wheel that is installed in the water and rotates according to the flow rate of water, and is roughly divided into a water wheel installed at a low water depth and a water wheel installed at a large water depth.
添付の図１〜図３は、取排水路および河川のような低水深地域に設置される低水深型水車を概略的に示すものであり、支持部１１０、水車部１２０、および本体１４０と流量調節部１５０を含む浮遊部材１３０からなる。 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings schematically show a low water depth type water turbine installed in a low water depth region such as a water intake and drainage channel and a river, and a support part 110, a water wheel part 120, a main body 140, and a flow rate. The floating member 130 includes the adjustment unit 150.
支持部１１０は、図１に示すように、低水深の底面の水中地盤に水平に固定設置されるものであり、地盤にパイル１１２杭打によって堅固に付着される。 As shown in FIG. 1, the support part 110 is fixedly installed horizontally on the underwater ground at the bottom of the low water depth, and is firmly attached to the ground by pile 112 pile driving.
このとき、前記支持部１１０は多様な形状で形成することができるが、流れ水域周辺水の円滑な流れを形成するようにすることにより、流速に影響を与えないように流線形で形成することが好ましい。 At this time, the support 110 may be formed in various shapes, but by forming a smooth flow of water around the flowing water area, the support 110 may be formed in a streamlined manner so as not to affect the flow velocity. Is preferred.
また、地盤に対して前記支持部１１０が堅く付着されるようにするパイル１１２は多数でなされ、前記支持部１１０の下部に一定の間隔を置いて設置されるものであり、構造的な安全性を確保できるように形成され、腐食に強い材質の金属や鉄筋コンクリートからなる。 In addition, a large number of piles 112 are provided so that the support part 110 is firmly attached to the ground, and the piles 112 are installed at a predetermined interval below the support part 110, so that structural safety is ensured. It is made of metal or reinforced concrete that is resistant to corrosion.
水車部１２０は前記支持部１１０の上部に設置されて流速によって回転するものであり、前記支持部１１０と後述する本体の間に設置され、図１および図２に示すように、水車固定台１２２、回転軸１２４、回転羽根１２６、および発電機１２８からなり、水の運動エネルギーの伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産できるように形成される。 The water turbine unit 120 is installed on the upper part of the support unit 110 and rotates according to the flow velocity. The water turbine unit 120 is installed between the support unit 110 and a main body, which will be described later, and as shown in FIGS. The rotating shaft 124, the rotating blade 126, and the generator 128 are formed so as to be able to produce electrical energy by receiving the kinetic energy of water.
水車固定台１２２は前記支持部１１０と浮遊部材１３０の本体１４０の間に設置されるものであり、一対の側壁１２２ａと、前記側壁１２２ａを連結する連結部材１２２ｂとで構成され、流入する水が円滑に排出されるようにすることにより、水の流れに影響を与えないようにする。 The water turbine fixing base 122 is installed between the support part 110 and the main body 140 of the floating member 130, and includes a pair of side walls 122a and a connecting member 122b that connects the side walls 122a. By making it drain smoothly, it will not affect the flow of water.
回転軸１２４は前記水車固定台１２２の一対の側壁１２２ａの間に両終端が回転可能に設置されて流速によって回転するものであり、図２に示すように、ローラーベアリング１２４ａおよびトラストベアリング１２４ｂを備え、流れる水によって回転軸が円滑に回転するようにすると共に、水車による軸力、振動、あるいは波浪などの外部自然条件などに対しても安定に維持されるようにすることが好ましい。ここで、前記ローラーベアリング１２４ａおよびトラストベアリング１２４ｂは公知の技術であるため、詳しい説明は省略する。 The rotating shaft 124 is rotatably installed at both ends between a pair of side walls 122a of the water turbine fixing base 122 and rotates according to the flow velocity, and includes a roller bearing 124a and a trust bearing 124b as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the rotating shaft is smoothly rotated by the flowing water, and is stably maintained against external natural conditions such as axial force, vibration, or waves caused by the water turbine. Here, since the roller bearing 124a and the trust bearing 124b are well-known techniques, detailed description thereof is omitted.
また、本発明では前記回転軸１２４を円型棒の形状で形成しているが、場合によっては後述する回転羽根１２６を堅固に支持することができ、流速によって円滑に回転することができる構成であれば、四角・八角などその形状に制限を置かない。 Further, in the present invention, the rotary shaft 124 is formed in the shape of a circular rod. However, in some cases, a rotary blade 126 described later can be firmly supported and can be smoothly rotated by a flow rate. If there is, there are no restrictions on the shape, such as squares and octagons.
回転羽根１２６は前記回転軸１２４の外周面を囲むように形成されるものであり、具体的に多数の回転羽根１２６が螺旋形で囲まれるように形成される。このとき、前記回転羽根１２６は断面がブレード形状で、流れる流体によって揚力が発生して回転する構造であり、前記回転羽根１２６は多数の連結スポーク１２７によって前記回転軸１２４に固定設置され、連結スポーク１２７は流速に対する抵抗が少ないようにブレード構造や小さい断面を維持することが好ましい。 The rotating blades 126 are formed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 124, and specifically, are formed so that a large number of rotating blades 126 are surrounded by a spiral shape. At this time, the rotary blade 126 has a blade-shaped cross section and is configured to rotate by generating a lift force by the flowing fluid. The rotary blade 126 is fixedly installed on the rotary shaft 124 by a plurality of connection spokes 127, and connected spokes. It is preferable to maintain a blade structure and a small cross section so that the resistance to the flow rate is small.
また、前記回転羽根１２６は少なくとも３つ以上で多数が設置され、流速および流量によって長さ、傾斜角度、直径、または個数を相違させることができる。 In addition, at least three or more of the rotating blades 126 are installed, and the length, the inclination angle, the diameter, or the number can be made different depending on the flow velocity and the flow rate.
発電機１２８は前記回転軸１２４と連結し、回転軸１２４の回転力の伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産するものであり、前記一対の側壁１２２ａのうちのいずれか１つに設置される。 The generator 128 is connected to the rotating shaft 124, receives electric power transmitted from the rotating shaft 124, and produces electrical energy, and is installed on any one of the pair of side walls 122a.
したがって、上述したような構成からなる水車部１２０は、水の流れによって回転羽根１２６と結合した回転軸１２４が回転して回転力を発生させ、この回転力を前記回転軸１２４と結合した発電機１２８に伝達することによって電気エネルギーを生産するようになる。 Therefore, in the water turbine unit 120 having the above-described configuration, the rotating shaft 124 coupled to the rotating blade 126 is rotated by the flow of water to generate a rotating force, and the rotating force is combined with the rotating shaft 124. By transmitting to 128, electric energy is produced.
一方、前記水車部１２０の上部には本体１４０および流量調節部１５０からなる浮遊部材１３０が設けられる。 Meanwhile, a floating member 130 including a main body 140 and a flow rate adjusting unit 150 is provided on the upper part of the water turbine unit 120.
前記本体１４０は水が流入しない水密構造であり、前記水車部１２０の水車固定台１２２と固定結合して堅固に支持されるように形成され、その内部には流圧ポンプ１４２が設けられる。 The main body 140 has a watertight structure in which water does not flow in. The main body 140 is formed to be fixedly coupled to the watermill fixing base 122 of the watermill section 120 and firmly supported, and a fluid pressure pump 142 is provided therein.
また、前記本体１４０の流水流入側の一端には扇形状に陥没するように結合部１４４が形成され、この結合部１４４の一側にヒンジ孔１４４ａが形成される。すなわち、前記本体１４０の一端が開放するように形成され、内側に扇形状の結合部１４４が陥没するように形成され、開放した本体１４０の一側にヒンジ孔１４４ａが設けられた構造であり、前記流圧ポンプ１４２から発生する流圧が供給されるように形成される。 In addition, a coupling part 144 is formed at one end of the main body 140 on the flowing water inflow side so as to sink into a fan shape, and a hinge hole 144 a is formed on one side of the coupling part 144. That is, it is a structure in which one end of the main body 140 is formed to be opened, a fan-shaped coupling portion 144 is formed to be recessed inside, and a hinge hole 144a is provided on one side of the opened main body 140, The fluid pressure generated from the fluid pressure pump 142 is supplied.
流量調節部１５０は前記本体１４０の結合部１４４に一側が結合し、前記流圧ポンプ１４２から供給される流圧によって回転するものであり、前記結合部１４４と対応する扇形状で形成され、一側が前記結合部１４４に形成されたヒンジ孔１４４ａにヒンジ結合する。 The flow rate adjusting unit 150 is coupled to one side of the coupling unit 144 of the main body 140 and is rotated by the fluid pressure supplied from the fluid pressure pump 142, and is formed in a fan shape corresponding to the coupling unit 144. The side is hinge-coupled to a hinge hole 144 a formed in the coupling part 144.
このとき、前記流量調節部１５０の一側外周面には外周面に沿ってＯリング溝１５２が形成されており、このＯリング溝１５２にＯリング１５４が挿嵌された構造であり、前記本体１４０との結合時に結合部１４４内に水が流入することを防ぐと共に、流圧ポンプ１４２から供給される流圧が本体１４０外部に流出することを防ぐことができるようにする。 At this time, an O-ring groove 152 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of one side of the flow rate adjusting unit 150 along the outer peripheral surface, and an O-ring 154 is inserted into the O-ring groove 152. It is possible to prevent water from flowing into the coupling portion 144 when coupled with the fluid 140 and to prevent the fluid pressure supplied from the fluid pressure pump 142 from flowing out of the main body 140.
このように構成された本体１４０および流量調節部１５０からなる浮遊部材１３０は、図４ａ〜図４ｂに示すように、前記本体１４０に流量調節部１５０が結合した状態で、前記水車部１２０に流入する流速が設計範囲以上に増加すれば、流圧ポンプ１４２によって前記本体１４０の結合部１４４内に流圧を供給し、前記流量調節部１５０が図４ｂに示すように回転するようにすることによって流量および水車部流速を減らし、流入部の流速が設計範囲以下に減少すれば、流圧ポンプ１４２から供給された流圧を回収して図４ｃに示すように流量調節部１５０が回転するようにすることによって多くの流量が水車部１２０に流入するようにして流速を増加させることにより、水車部１２０に流入する流速の全体流速範囲において均一な水車部１２０の回転力が得られるようにする。 As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4B, the floating member 130 including the main body 140 and the flow rate adjusting unit 150 thus configured flows into the water turbine unit 120 in a state where the flow rate adjusting unit 150 is coupled to the main body 140. If the flow velocity to be increased exceeds the design range, the fluid pressure pump 142 supplies fluid pressure into the coupling portion 144 of the main body 140 so that the flow rate adjusting portion 150 rotates as shown in FIG. 4b. If the flow rate and the water turbine portion flow rate are reduced and the flow rate at the inflow portion decreases below the design range, the flow pressure supplied from the flow pressure pump 142 is recovered and the flow rate adjustment unit 150 rotates as shown in FIG. 4c. By increasing the flow rate so that a large amount of flow flows into the water turbine unit 120, the water turbine unit is uniform in the entire flow rate range of the flow rate flowing into the water turbine unit 120. Rotational force of 20 to be obtained.
ここで、本発明では前記流量調節部１５０を扇形状で形成し、その内角を１３５°の角度で形成して、水車部１２０に流入する水の量を効果的に制御することにより、前記水車部１２０が均一な流速を維持できるようにすることが好ましい。 Here, in the present invention, the flow rate adjusting unit 150 is formed in a fan shape, the inner angle thereof is formed at an angle of 135 °, and the amount of water flowing into the water turbine unit 120 is effectively controlled, whereby the water turbine is It is preferable that the part 120 can maintain a uniform flow rate.
したがって、本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造は、落差が存在しない低水深型河川でも常に均一な出力の電力を生産することができると共に、水をためておく大きい規模のダムなどを設置しないためその設置が容易であり、自然を大きく破損せずに効果的に電力を生産することができるという長所がある。 Therefore, the structure of the ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention is capable of always producing electric power with uniform output even in a low-depth river where there is no drop, and a large-scale dam for collecting water. And the like are easy to install and can produce electric power effectively without greatly damaging nature.
一方、本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造による他の実施形態として、川や海のような大水深地域では、図５〜図７に示すように、空洞構造（物体内に何もない空の構造）の本体２４０および流量調節部２５０からなる一対の浮遊部材２３０を備えて水平に位置させた後、この浮遊部材２３０を連結する水車部２２０を設置して電気を生産することもできる。 On the other hand, as another embodiment based on the structure of the flow rate / flow rate control type ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention, in a deep water region such as a river or the sea, as shown in FIGS. After having a pair of floating members 230 consisting of a main body 240 and a flow rate adjusting unit 250 of empty structure), the water turbine unit 220 connecting the floating members 230 is installed to produce electricity. You can also
このときには、前記浮遊部材２３０が水平方向に設置された状態で水車部２２０が前記一対の浮遊部材２３０の間に設置され、発電機２２８は、図６および図７に示すように、前記一対の浮遊部材２３０のうちのいずれか１つの浮遊部材２３０、好ましくは本体２４０の内側に設置されるようにする。 At this time, the water turbine unit 220 is installed between the pair of floating members 230 in a state where the floating member 230 is installed in the horizontal direction, and the generator 228 includes the pair of the floating members 230 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The floating member 230 is installed inside any one of the floating members 230, preferably inside the main body 240.
また、前記浮遊部材２３０が水によって押し流されることを防ぐことができるように固定部材２６０が設けられ、前記固定部材は海底にアンカー２７０を用いて固定させた後、アンカー２７０と浮遊部材２３０を金属材ワイヤ２８０を用いて連結することにより、海流によって流されることを防ぐ。 In addition, a fixing member 260 is provided to prevent the floating member 230 from being washed away by water. The fixing member is fixed to the sea floor using the anchor 270, and then the anchor 270 and the floating member 230 are made of metal. By connecting using the material wire 280, it is prevented from being swept away by the ocean current.
また、本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造は流線形の構造であって、周辺水の流れを円滑に誘導して全体的な抵抗を減らすと共に、放流水出口部（水車部を通過した流水が流れ出る部分）で周辺水の流速が速い状態を維持し、放流水の排出が円滑でないときに発生し得る効率減少を予防することができるという長所がある。 In addition, the structure of the ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention is a streamlined structure, which smoothly guides the flow of the surrounding water to reduce the overall resistance, and discharge water outlet portion (water turbine portion) There is an advantage that it is possible to maintain a high flow rate of the surrounding water at a portion where the flowing water that has passed through) flows out, and to prevent a decrease in efficiency that may occur when the discharge of discharged water is not smooth.
以上、本発明の実施形態を基準として詳しく説明したが、本発明の権利範囲はこれに限定されるものではなく、本発明の実施形態と実質的に均等である範囲まで含まれる。 Although the present invention has been described in detail on the basis of the embodiment of the present invention, the scope of the right of the present invention is not limited to this, and includes a range substantially equivalent to the embodiment of the present invention.
また、上述した説明に示されているように、本発明に係る流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造の技術は極めて単純ではあるが、その技術的効果は非常に大きいという点においても、本発明の技術的長所は極めて明確であるといえる。 In addition, as shown in the above description, the technology of the structure of the flow rate / flow rate control type ultra-low drop turbine according to the present invention is very simple, but the technical effect is very large. It can be said that the technical advantages of the invention are quite clear.
１１０ ・・・支持部
１１２ ・・・パイル
１２０、２２０ ・・・水車部
１２２ ・・・水車固定台
１２２ａ ・・・側壁
１２２ｂ ・・・連結部材
１２４ ・・・回転軸
１２４ａ ・・・ローラーベアリング
１２４ｂ ・・・トラストベアリング
１２６ ・・・回転羽根
１２７ ・・・連結スポーク
１２８、２２８ ・・・発電機
１３０、２３０ ・・・浮遊部材
１４０、２４０ ・・・本体
１４２ ・・・流圧ポンプ
１４４ ・・・結合部
１４４ａ ・・・ヒンジ孔
１５０、２５０ ・・・流量調節部
１５２ ・・・Ｏリング溝
１５４ ・・・Ｏリング
２６０ ・・・固定部材
２７０ ・・・アンカー
２８０ ・・・ワイヤ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 ... Support part 112 ... Pile 120,220 ... Water wheel part 122 ... Water wheel fixing stand 122a ... Side wall 122b ... Connection member 124 ... Rotating shaft 124a ... Roller bearing 124b ... trust bearing 126 ... rotary blades 127 ... connecting spokes 128, 228 ... generator 130, 230 ... float member 140, 240 ... main body 142 ... hydraulic pressure pump 144 · -Coupling part 144a ... Hinge holes 150, 250 ... Flow rate adjustment part 152 ... O-ring groove 154 ... O-ring 260 ... Fixing member 270 ... Anchor 280 ... Wire
Claims (9)
地盤に固定設置される支持部；
前記支持部と結合して水の運動エネルギーの伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産することができる水車部；および
前記水車部の上部に結合して水の流速および流量を調節し、水密構造からなり、流圧の供給によって選択的に回転する流量調節部が設けられた浮遊部材；
を含む、流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造。 It is installed in low water depth areas such as the ocean, rivers, artificial waterways,
Support part fixedly installed on the ground;
A water turbine part that is coupled with the support part to receive the kinetic energy of water to produce electrical energy; and is coupled to the upper part of the water wheel part to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the water and has a watertight structure. A floating member provided with a flow rate adjusting portion that selectively rotates by supply of fluid pressure;
The structure of an ultra-low-drop turbine with adjustable flow rate and flow rate.
水の運動エネルギーの伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産することができる水車部；
前記水車部の水平方向の両終端に結合して水の流速および流量を調節し、水密構造からなり、流圧の供給によって選択的に回転する流量調節部が設けられた一対の浮遊部材；および
前記一対の浮遊部材の下部に設置されて浮遊部材を固定させるための固定部材；
を含む、流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造。 It is installed in deep water such as rivers and seas,
A turbine section capable of producing electrical energy by receiving the kinetic energy of water;
A pair of floating members coupled to both ends in the horizontal direction of the water wheel unit to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the water, having a watertight structure, and provided with a flow rate adjusting unit that selectively rotates by supplying a flow pressure; A fixing member installed under the pair of floating members to fix the floating member;
The structure of an ultra-low-drop turbine with adjustable flow rate and flow rate.
前記支持部と浮遊部材の間に設置され、一対の側壁と前記側壁を連結する連結部材からなる水車固定台；
前記一対の側壁の間に両終端が回転可能に設置されて流速によって回転する回転軸；
前記回転軸の外周面を囲むように形成される多数の回転羽根；および
前記回転軸と連結して回転軸の回転力の伝達を受けて電気エネルギーを生産し、前記一対の側壁のうちのいずれか１つに設置される発電機；
からなることを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造。 The water wheel part is
A watermill fixing base, which is installed between the support portion and the floating member and includes a pair of side walls and a connecting member that connects the side walls;
A rotating shaft that is rotatably installed at both ends between the pair of side walls and rotates according to a flow rate;
A plurality of rotating blades formed so as to surround an outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft; and any one of the pair of side walls that is connected to the rotating shaft and receives electric power transmitted from the rotating shaft to generate electric energy. Or a generator installed in one;
The structure of the flow rate and flow rate control type ultra-low drop water turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising:
水が流入しない水密構造であり、一側が前記水車部と固定結合し、その内部に流圧ポンプが設けられ、一端に内側に陥没する結合部が形成された本体；および
前記本体の結合部に回転可能に結合し、前記流圧ポンプから供給される流圧によって選択的に回転する流量調節部；
からなることを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の流速流量調節型超低落差水車の構造。 The floating member is
A main body having a watertight structure in which water does not flow in, one side fixedly coupled to the water turbine portion, a fluid pressure pump provided therein, and a coupling portion recessed inward at one end; and a coupling portion of the main body A flow rate controller that is rotatably coupled and selectively rotates according to a fluid pressure supplied from the fluid pressure pump;
The structure of the flow rate and flow rate control type ultra-low drop water turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising:
前記浮遊部材の下部に連結する多数のワイヤ；および
前記ワイヤと結合して前記浮遊部材を固定させ、海底の底面に固定設置されるアンカー；
からなることを特徴とする、請求項２に記載の流速流量超絶型超低落差水車の構造。 The fixing member is
A number of wires connected to the lower part of the floating member; and an anchor fixed to the bottom of the seabed, fixed to the floating member by being coupled to the wire;
The structure of the flow velocity / flow rate transcendence type ultra-low drop water turbine according to claim 2, characterized by comprising:
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020090092856A KR101041539B1 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2009-09-30 | Structure of hydro kinetic low head streamlined hydro-turbine with adjustable vane for regulating flow rate and velocity |
| KR10-2009-0092856 | 2009-09-30 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2011074921A true JP2011074921A (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| JP5084890B2 JP5084890B2 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| JP2010219444A Expired - Fee Related JP5084890B2 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2010-09-29 | Structure of ultra low drop turbine with flow rate and flow control |
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| KR (1) | KR101041539B1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110035229A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| KR101041539B1 (en) | 2011-06-17 |
| JP5084890B2 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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