JP2011020925A - Offal fat-type overweight inhibitor and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Offal fat-type overweight inhibitor and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、肥満を抑制する内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤に関する。さらに、本発明は、内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor that suppresses obesity. Furthermore, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of a visceral fat type | mold obesity inhibitor.
糖尿病などの生活習慣病は、内臓に脂肪が蓄積した内臓脂肪型肥満が原因で引き起こされることが多く、内臓脂肪型肥満に加えて、高血糖、高血圧、脂質異常のうちいずれか２つ以上をあわせもった状態を、メタボリックシンドロームとされている。メタボリックシンドロームの多くは、放置しておくと動脈硬化を進行させ、ひいては心臓病や脳卒中につながる。それゆえ、メタボリックシンドロームを予防する事は重要である。
メタボリックシンドロームは、体重減量、とくに内臓脂肪減量によりその予防が期待できるといわれており、内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤や抗肥満効果を有するものが求められている。
Lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes are often caused by visceral fat-type obesity in which fat has accumulated in the viscera. In addition to visceral fat-type obesity, any two or more of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and lipid abnormalities The combined state is regarded as metabolic syndrome. Many of the metabolic syndrome can cause arteriosclerosis if left untreated, leading to heart disease and stroke. Therefore, it is important to prevent metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome is said to be expected to be prevented by weight loss, particularly visceral fat loss, and a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor and an anti-obesity effect are required.
ニガウリによる脂質代謝改善や抗肥満については、例えば、Ｄ−キシロースとタラの木の根皮やニガウリの果実又は種子の抽出物等の特定の天然物から得た乾燥粉末、水抽出物やアルコール抽出物から選ばれる一種又は二種以上の生薬を配合してなる抗肥満剤（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、ニガウリの粉砕物又は抽出物を有効成分とする脂質代謝改善剤（例えば、特許文献２参照）や、焙煎機等を使用してニガウリを４０〜１２０℃で加熱した加熱処理物又はその抽出物を有効成分とする血中中性脂肪低減剤（例えば、特許文献３参照）が知られている。 About lipid metabolism improvement and anti-obesity by bitter gourd, for example, from dry powder, water extract or alcohol extract obtained from specific natural products such as D-xylose and cod tree root bark, bitter gourd fruit or seed extract An anti-obesity agent (for example, see Patent Document 1) comprising one or more selected herbal medicines selected, or a lipid metabolism improver (for example, see Patent Document 2) containing an active ingredient of a bitter ground or extract of bitter gourd ), Or a blood neutral fat reducing agent containing, as an active ingredient, a heat-treated product obtained by heating bittern at 40 to 120 ° C. using a roaster or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 3) ing.
エネルギー消費の自立的調節に関与する物質として、ＵＣＰ（Ｕｎｃｏｕｐｌｉｎｇ Ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ：ミトコンドリア脱共役タンパク質、以下ＵＣＰとする）が着目されており、ＵＣＰはミトコンドリア内膜での酸化的リン酸化反応を脱共役させ、エネルギーを熱として散逸する機能を持っている。具体的には、多食しても肥満しない動物はＵＣＰ１（褐色脂肪組織中のＵＣＰ）が多い、人為的にＵＣＰ１の発現を低下させたマウスは肥満し、高発現させたマウスはやせる、などの事実が知られている（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。それゆえ、ＵＣＰ１の高発現は抗肥満効果を来たすことが期待できる。 As a substance involved in self-regulation of energy consumption, UCP (Uncoupling Protein: hereinafter referred to as UCP) has attracted attention, and UCP uncouples oxidative phosphorylation in the inner mitochondrial membrane, Has the function of dissipating energy as heat. Specifically, animals that do not become obese even if they eat a lot have more UCP1 (UCP in brown adipose tissue), mice that have artificially reduced the expression of UCP1 are obese, and mice that are highly expressed can lose weight, etc. The fact is known (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1). Therefore, high expression of UCP1 can be expected to have an anti-obesity effect.
本発明の目的は、ニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱処理することにより、従来よりも強力で、安全性が高く、植物成分由来であって、より薬理作用の優れた内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤を提供するものである。さらに、本発明の目的は、従来よりも強力で、安全性が高く、植物成分由来であって、内臓脂肪型肥満抑制能を有する食品組成物又は医薬組成物を提供することである。さらに、本発明の目的は、ニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱処理することによる内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法を提供するものである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor that is stronger, safer, derived from plant components, and more excellent in pharmacological action by heat-treating bittern with superheated steam. Is. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a food composition or a pharmaceutical composition that is stronger and safer than before, is derived from plant components, and has an ability to suppress visceral fat type obesity. Furthermore, the objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of the visceral fat type | mold obesity inhibitor by heat-treating bittern with superheated steam.
本発明者らは、ニガウリに着目して種々検討し、ニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱して得られる物又はその抽出物を用いて肥満モデルにおける抗肥満効果を検討したところ、本発明による内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、強力な抗肥満効果を有することを見出し、本発明を完成した。また、本発明による内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤を投与すれば、ＵＣＰ１の発現を促進することを見出した。 The present inventors have made various studies focusing on bitter gourd and examined the anti-obesity effect in an obesity model using a product obtained by heating bittern with superheated steam or an extract thereof, and the visceral fat type according to the present invention. The present inventors have found that an obesity inhibitor has a strong anti-obesity effect and completed the present invention. Further, it was found that administration of the visceral fat type obesity inhibitor according to the present invention promotes the expression of UCP1.
すなわち、本発明には、下記の態様が含まれる。
（１）ニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱処理して得られる物又はその抽出物を含有することを特徴とする内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤。
（２）加熱処理する方法が、低酸素状態で処理することを特徴とする（１）に記載の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤。
（３）加熱処理する方法が、１００〜４００℃の過熱水蒸気で加熱処理することを特徴とする（１）又は（２）に記載の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤。
（４）加熱処理する方法が、０．１〜６０分間、過熱水蒸気で加熱処理することを特徴とする（１）乃至（３）のいずれかに記載の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤。
（５）ＵＣＰの発現を促進するものである（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤。
（６）ニガウリを、１００〜４００℃の過熱水蒸気で０．１〜６０分間加熱処理して得られる物又はその抽出物を含有することを特徴とする内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法。
（７）加熱処理する方法が、低酸素状態で処理することを特徴とする（６）に記載の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法。
That is, the following aspects are included in the present invention.
(1) A visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor comprising a product obtained by heat-treating bittern with superheated steam or an extract thereof.
(2) The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor according to (1), wherein the heat treatment is carried out in a low oxygen state.
(3) The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor according to (1) or (2), wherein the heat treatment method comprises heat treatment with superheated steam at 100 to 400 ° C.
(4) The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the heat treatment is performed with superheated steam for 0.1 to 60 minutes.
(5) The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor according to any one of (1) to (4), which promotes the expression of UCP.
(6) A method for producing a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor, comprising a product obtained by heat-treating bitter gourd with superheated steam at 100 to 400 ° C. for 0.1 to 60 minutes or an extract thereof.
(7) The method for producing a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor according to (6), wherein the heat treatment is performed in a low oxygen state.
本発明により得られる内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は抗肥満効果が強力であり、特に、肥満が内臓脂肪型肥満に有効である。本発明により得られる内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、体重増加、内臓脂肪増加を抑制し、遊離脂肪酸値、コレステロール値、血糖値、レプチン値、アディポネクチン値などの血液成分値を改善させ顕著な抗肥満効果を示し、さらに、ＵＣＰ１の発現を促進し、抗肥満効果を示すものである。本発明により得られる内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、安全性が高く、植物成分由来であり、長期間飲用又は服用が可能であることから、本発明により得られる内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤を食品組成物又は医薬品組成物に使用することにより、特に肥満への移行の防止又は治療に有用である。 The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor obtained by the present invention has a strong anti-obesity effect. In particular, obesity is effective for visceral fat-type obesity. The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor obtained by the present invention suppresses body weight gain and visceral fat increase, and improves blood component values such as free fatty acid level, cholesterol level, blood glucose level, leptin level, adiponectin level, etc. It exhibits an effect, further promotes the expression of UCP1, and exhibits an anti-obesity effect. Since the visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor obtained by the present invention is highly safe, derived from plant components, and can be drunk or taken for a long time, the visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor obtained by the present invention is used as a food composition. In particular, it is useful for prevention or treatment of transition to obesity.
本発明により得られる内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法は、強力な抗肥満効果を有する内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤を提供することができ、特に、肥満が内臓脂肪型肥満に有効な内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤を提供することができる。 The method for producing a visceral fat type obesity inhibitor obtained by the present invention can provide a visceral fat type obesity inhibitor having a strong anti-obesity effect, and in particular, the visceral fat type in which obesity is effective for visceral fat type obesity. An obesity inhibitor can be provided.
本発明に用いるニガウリ（学名： Momordica charantia）は、ツルレイシ、ゴーヤーとも呼ばれ、食用とされている。本発明に用いるニガウリは、全草、葉、茎、根、花、種子、果実等の部位のいずれを用いてもよく、各部位のみを使用してもよいし、混合して使用してもよいが、好ましくは、種子、果実を使用するとよい。熟度については、未熟、中熟、完熟のいずれを用いてもよいが、好ましくは未熟なものがよい。産地は特に限定しない。 The bitter gourd (scientific name: Momordica charantia) used in the present invention is also called vine reishi or goya and is edible. The bitter cucumber used in the present invention may use any part of whole grass, leaves, stems, roots, flowers, seeds, fruits, etc., may use only each part, or may be used in combination. Preferably, seeds and fruits are preferably used. As for the maturity, any of immature, middle-ripe and complete ripe may be used, but preferably immature. The production area is not particularly limited.
本発明に用いるニガウリは、生、乾燥品等のいずれでもよく、そのままの形態、細切品、粉砕品、乾燥粉末品のいずれであってもよい。 The bitter cucumber used in the present invention may be raw, dried, or the like, or may be in the form as it is, shredded product, pulverized product, or dry powder product.
本発明における加熱処理の態様としては、乾式加熱処理、湿式加熱処理が挙げられ、加熱方法としては、電熱加熱、熱風加熱、蒸気加熱、赤外線加熱、電磁波加熱、高周波加熱等が挙げられるが、蒸気を用いて加熱処理することが好ましく、過熱水蒸気による加熱処理が特に好ましい。 Examples of the heat treatment in the present invention include dry heat treatment and wet heat treatment, and examples of the heating method include electric heating, hot air heating, steam heating, infrared heating, electromagnetic wave heating, and high frequency heating. It is preferable to heat-process using, and the heat processing by superheated steam is especially preferable.
本発明における過熱水蒸気とは飽和水蒸気をさらに過熱した水蒸気であり、常圧過熱水蒸気、加圧過熱水蒸気、減圧過熱水蒸気のいずれであってもよく、好ましくは、常圧過熱水蒸気を用いるとよい。常圧過熱水蒸気とは、常圧においてその飽和温度（１００℃）以上に熱せられた水蒸気をいうものである。過熱水蒸気処理を行う機械装置等は特に限定せず、目的とする加熱処理である温度、時間等の処理条件が得られるものであればよい。 The superheated steam in the present invention is steam obtained by further heating saturated steam, and may be any of normal pressure superheated steam, pressurized superheated steam, and reduced pressure superheated steam. Preferably, normal pressure superheated steam is used. Normal-pressure superheated steam refers to steam heated to the saturation temperature (100 ° C.) or higher at normal pressure. The machine apparatus etc. which perform superheated steam processing are not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to be able to obtain processing conditions, such as temperature and time which are the target heat processing.
本発明における内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法は、ニガウリを加熱処理して得られる物又はその抽出物を製造することにより提供するものであり、好ましくは、加熱処理する方法が過熱水蒸気で処理するものである。 The method for producing a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor in the present invention is provided by producing a product obtained by heat-treating bitter gourd or an extract thereof, preferably, the method for heat-treating is treated with superheated steam. To do.
本発明における内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の製造方法において、ニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱処理する処理条件として、過熱水蒸気を噴射処理するにあたり又は過熱水蒸気の雰囲気下で処理するにあたり、処理温度において１００℃以上、好ましくは１００〜３５０℃、より好ましくは１５０〜２５０℃で、処理時間においては、０．１〜６０分間、好ましくは、０．１〜１０分間で、処理する。処理条件として、過熱水蒸気を噴射処理するにあたり又は過熱水蒸気の雰囲気下で処理するにあたり、処理温度と処理時間においては、１００〜４００℃に加熱した過熱水蒸気を０．１〜６０分間、好ましくは１００〜３５０℃で０．１〜１０分間、より好ましくは１５０〜２５０℃で０．１〜１０分間、処理するものであり、被加熱物の形状、処理量、水分量、過熱水蒸気の装置の能力等に応じて、適宜調節して行えばよい。
加熱処理する処理条件として、好ましくは低酸素若しくは無酸素の雰囲気下において、過熱水蒸気を噴射処理する又は過熱水蒸気の雰囲気下で処理することがよく、より好ましくは酸素濃度８％以下がよく、特に好ましくは酸素濃度３％以下がよい。
過熱水蒸気による加熱処理において、好ましくは、被加熱物がすべて炭化しないように、温度と処理時間を調節する。過熱水蒸気による加熱処理において、被加熱物の水分含量について、好ましくは３０重量％以下、より好ましくは１５重量％以下、となるようにする。
In the method for producing a visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor in the present invention, as a treatment condition for heating treatment of bitter melon with superheated steam, when the superheated steam is jetted or treated in an atmosphere of superheated steam, the treatment temperature is 100 ° C. The treatment is preferably performed at 100 to 350 ° C., more preferably at 150 to 250 ° C., and for a treatment time of 0.1 to 60 minutes, preferably 0.1 to 10 minutes. As the treatment conditions, when the superheated steam is jetted or treated in an atmosphere of superheated steam, the treatment temperature and the treatment time are such that the superheated steam heated to 100 to 400 ° C. is 0.1 to 60 minutes, preferably 100 It is to be treated at ˜350 ° C. for 0.1 to 10 minutes, more preferably at 150 to 250 ° C. for 0.1 to 10 minutes, and the shape of the object to be heated, the amount of treatment, the amount of water, the capacity of the superheated steam device It may be adjusted as appropriate according to the above.
As the treatment conditions for the heat treatment, it is preferable that the superheated steam is jetted or treated in an atmosphere of superheated steam, preferably in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere, more preferably an oxygen concentration of 8% or less. The oxygen concentration is preferably 3% or less.
In the heat treatment with superheated steam, the temperature and treatment time are preferably adjusted so that the object to be heated is not completely carbonized. In the heat treatment with superheated steam, the water content of the object to be heated is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 15% by weight or less.
本発明のニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱処理して得られる物は、そのままの形態でも利用可能であるが、さらに粉砕後、粉末、ペーストの形で利用できる。また、ニガウリを過熱水蒸気で加熱処理して得られる物を溶媒で抽出することにより、該抽出物を利用してもよい。さらに、当該ニガウリ抽出物を、スプレードライヤー、ドラムドライヤー、フリーズドライヤー、エアードライヤー等を用いて乾燥し、粉末化を行うことで、ニガウリ抽出物末とすることができる。このとき、デキストリン等の賦形剤等を用いてもよい。また、必要に応じて造粒機等を用いて顆粒品とすることができる。 Although the thing obtained by heat-processing the bittern of this invention with superheated steam can be utilized with the form as it is, after grinding | pulverizing, it can be utilized with the form of a powder and a paste. Moreover, you may utilize this extract by extracting the thing obtained by heat-processing bittern with superheated steam with a solvent. Furthermore, the bitter gourd extract is dried using a spray drier, drum drier, freeze drier, air drier, etc., and powdered to obtain a bitter gourd extract powder. At this time, an excipient such as dextrin may be used. Moreover, it can be set as a granule using a granulator etc. as needed.
本発明の抽出の際に用いる溶媒としては、水又は炭素数１〜６のアルコール類若しくはグリコール類を単独で若しくはこれら溶媒の２つ以上の組合せが使用でき、例えば、水、エタノール、含水エタノール、１，３−ブチレングリコール、含水１，３−ブチレングリコール等が挙げられ、好ましくは水又は含水エタノールを使用することができる。抽出は、常温抽出、加熱抽出、攪拌抽出等の常法により抽出することができ、特に限定しない。
本発明の抽出物は、不活性な不純物を除去するために、例えば液々分液、固液分液、濾過膜、活性炭、吸着樹脂、イオン交換樹脂等の公知の分離・精製方法によって、適宜精製してもよい。また、抽出物末を上記抽出溶媒を用いて再度抽出してもよい。
As the solvent used in the extraction of the present invention, water, alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or glycols can be used alone or in combination of two or more of these solvents. For example, water, ethanol, hydrous ethanol, Examples thereof include 1,3-butylene glycol and water-containing 1,3-butylene glycol. Preferably, water or water-containing ethanol can be used. The extraction can be performed by a conventional method such as normal temperature extraction, heating extraction, stirring extraction, or the like, and is not particularly limited.
In order to remove inert impurities, the extract of the present invention can be used appropriately by a known separation / purification method such as liquid-liquid separation, solid-liquid separation, filtration membrane, activated carbon, adsorption resin, ion exchange resin, etc. It may be purified. Moreover, you may extract an extract powder again using the said extraction solvent.
本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、後記実施例に示すように、肥満モデル実験動物に対して優れた抗肥満効果を有する。具体的には、肥満の指標である体重推移、内臓脂肪量、血液中の遊離脂肪酸値、コレステロール値、血糖値、レプチン値、アディポネクチン値などの血液成分値を顕著に改善させた。さらに、本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、ＵＣＰの発現を促進することを示し、特にＵＣＰ１の発現を促進することを示した。したがって、本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、肥満の予防治療剤として有用である。
レプチンは肥満遺伝子に由来するホルモンであり、脂肪細胞から分泌され、視床下部に存在するレセプターを介して摂食抑制やエネルギー消費亢進をもたらす一方、肥満の状態が続くとレプチン抵抗性を示すようになり、血中レプチン濃度は体脂肪量に比例して上昇する。また、アディポネクチンは脂肪細胞で作られる分泌タンパク質であり、ＡＭＰキナーゼを活性化することで脂肪酸の燃焼と糖の取り込みを促進しインスリン抵抗性を改善するとされている。
The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor of the present invention has an excellent anti-obesity effect on obesity model experimental animals, as shown in the Examples below. Specifically, blood component values such as body weight transition, visceral fat amount, blood free fatty acid level, cholesterol level, blood glucose level, leptin level, and adiponectin level, which are indicators of obesity, were significantly improved. Furthermore, it was shown that the visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor of the present invention promotes the expression of UCP, and particularly promotes the expression of UCP1. Therefore, the visceral fat type obesity inhibitor of the present invention is useful as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for obesity.
Leptin is a hormone derived from the obesity gene. It is secreted from adipocytes, and causes suppression of feeding and increased energy consumption through receptors present in the hypothalamus. On the other hand, leptin is resistant to leptin when obesity continues. Thus, the blood leptin concentration rises in proportion to the amount of body fat. Adiponectin is a secreted protein produced by adipocytes, and it is said that activation of AMP kinase promotes fatty acid burning and sugar uptake to improve insulin resistance.
本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤は、医薬として、また特定保健用食品、機能性食品等として使用することができる。これらの医薬の投与形態としては、経口、注射、外用等が挙げられるが、経口投与形態が好ましい。経口用医薬及び食品の形態としては、アンプル、カプセル、丸剤、錠剤、粉末、顆粒、固形、液剤、ゲル、気泡等とすることができる他、各種食品中に配合することもできる。これらの組成物の調製にあたっては、賦形剤、結合剤、滑沢剤等を適宜配合することができる。これらの医薬及び食品への本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の配合量は、固形分（乾燥重量）換算で０．０００１〜２０重量％、０．０１〜１０重量％が好ましく、特に０．０１〜５重量％が好ましい。 The visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor of the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical, food for specified health use, functional food and the like. Examples of the administration form of these drugs include oral, injection, and external use, and the oral administration form is preferred. The form of oral medicine and food can be ampoules, capsules, pills, tablets, powders, granules, solids, liquids, gels, bubbles, etc., and can also be blended in various foods. In preparing these compositions, excipients, binders, lubricants, and the like can be appropriately blended. The blending amount of the visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor of the present invention in these medicines and foods is preferably 0.0001 to 20% by weight and 0.01 to 10% by weight in terms of solid content (dry weight). 01 to 5% by weight is preferred.
本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の投与量は、特に制限されないが、成人１日あたり本発明によるニガウリ又はその抽出物の固形分（乾燥重量）として、１０〜５，０００ｍｇが好ましく、さらに５０〜１，０００ｍｇが好ましく、これらの量は１回又は数回に分けて投与してもよい。 The dosage of the visceral fat-type obesity inhibitor of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 5,000 mg as the solid content (dry weight) of bittern or extract thereof according to the present invention per adult day. ˜1,000 mg is preferred, and these amounts may be administered once or in several divided doses.
以下、実施例を示して本発明をさらに詳細かつ具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の例によって限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail and specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
生鮮の未熟なニガウリを、洗浄後５ｍｍ幅で輪切りし、６５℃で１０時間、熱風乾燥してニガウリの乾燥スライス品を調製した。この乾燥スライス品１５０ｇをステンレス製トレイに重ならないように広げ、２００℃で３分間、過熱水蒸気で加熱処理した後、粉砕することにより、加熱処理したニガウリの粉砕末を得た。なお、この粉砕末の水分含量は７％であった。また、過熱水蒸気での加熱処理時の雰囲気酸素濃度は３％であった。 Fresh immature bitter gourd was cut into 5 mm widths after washing and dried with hot air at 65 ° C. for 10 hours to prepare dried bitter slices of bitter gourd. 150 g of the dried sliced product was spread so as not to overlap the stainless steel tray, heat-treated with superheated steam at 200 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then pulverized to obtain a heat-treated bittern powder. The pulverized powder had a water content of 7%. The atmospheric oxygen concentration during the heat treatment with superheated steam was 3%.
実施例１と同様にして得られたニガウリ粉砕末のうち１００ｇに対して２，０００ｍＬの水を添加し、５０℃で１時間、撹拌抽出を行った。濾過により固液分離を行い、得られた濾液を固形分３０％まで濃縮し、８０℃で３０分間加熱処理を行い冷却して、ニガウリ水抽出物を得た。得られたニガウリ水抽出物をフリーズドライヤーにて乾燥することで、ニガウリ水抽出物末を得た。 2,000 mL of water was added to 100 g of bittern powder obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, followed by stirring and extraction at 50 ° C. for 1 hour. Solid-liquid separation was performed by filtration, and the obtained filtrate was concentrated to a solid content of 30%, heat-treated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then cooled to obtain a bittern water extract. The obtained bitter gourd water extract was dried with a freeze dryer to obtain the bitter gourd water extract powder.
下記の実験により本発明の内臓脂肪型肥満抑制剤の実験動物による抗肥満効果を評価した。 The anti-obesity effect by experimental animals of the visceral fat type obesity inhibitor of the present invention was evaluated by the following experiment.
（１）実験方法
実験動物として、５０週齢Ｗｉｓｔａｒ系雄性ラット（体重４７０〜６１２ｇ／匹）を用いた。ラットはポリプロピレン不透明ケージ（Ｗ２２０ｍｍ×Ｌ３２０ｍｍ×Ｈ１３５ｍｍ）内で２〜３匹ずつ飼育した。飼育室は、湿度４０〜５０％、室温２０〜２５℃に維持し、１２時間の明暗サイクル（点灯；ＡＭ８：００、消灯；ＰＭ８：００）に設定した。
(1) Experimental method As experimental animals, 50-week-old Wistar male rats (body weight 470-612 g / animal) were used. Two to three rats were housed in a polypropylene opaque cage (W220 mm × L320 mm × H135 mm). The breeding room was maintained at a humidity of 40 to 50% and a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C., and was set to a 12 hour light / dark cycle (lit; AM 8:00, extinguished; PM 8:00).
本実験は、ラットを各群６匹の４群に分け、表１の飼料、飲水を自由摂取させ、１７週間飼育した。普通食投与群を（i）群とし、他の（ii）群、（iii）群、及び（iv）群には肥満を引き起こすために、普通食１００重量部にラード３０重量部を混合した高脂肪食を与えた。（ii）群を高脂肪食投与の対照とし、（iii）群と（iv）群とを高脂肪食投与における本発明品の混餌投与による評価群とした。飲水としては水道水を与えた。（iii）群には、本発明品（実施例１で得た物）を１日当たり該ラット体重１ｋｇ換算で５００ｍｇ投与となるように含有させた飼料を与え、（iv）群には、本発明品（実施例１で得た物）を１日当たり該ラット体重１ｋｇ換算で１，０００ｍｇ投与となるように含有させた飼料を与えた。
各群のラットの体重、摂餌量、及び飲水量を毎日測定した。投与期間終了後、犠牲死させ、該ラットの内臓脂肪の重量測定、血液の生化学的検査、及びＵＣＰ１の発現を調べた。
In this experiment, the rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals, and the foods and drinking water shown in Table 1 were allowed to freely ingest and were bred for 17 weeks. In order to cause obesity in the group (i), the other group (ii), (iii), and (iv) were mixed with 30 parts by weight of lard to 100 parts by weight of ordinary food. I gave a fat diet. The group (ii) was used as a control for high fat diet administration, and the groups (iii) and (iv) were used as evaluation groups for the high fat diet administration by the mixed diet administration of the product of the present invention. Tap water was given as drinking water. The group (iii) is fed with a feed containing 500 mg of the product of the present invention (the product obtained in Example 1) per day in terms of 1 kg of the rat body weight, and (iv) the group according to the present invention. A feed containing 1,000 mg of the product (the product obtained in Example 1) per day in terms of 1 kg of the rat body weight was given.
The body weight, food intake, and water consumption of each group of rats were measured daily. At the end of the administration period, the rats were sacrificed and the rats were examined for visceral fat weight, blood biochemical examination, and UCP1 expression.
上記普通食としては、オリエンタル酵母工業製の実験動物用飼料ＭＦを用いた。その組成は、１００ｇ中、水分７．７ｇ、粗蛋白質２３．６ｇ、粗脂質５．３ｇ、粗灰分６．１ｇ、粗繊維２．９ｇ、可溶性無窒素物５４．４ｇであった。 As the above-mentioned normal food, feed MF for laboratory animals manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd. was used. The composition was 7.7 g of water, 23.6 g of crude protein, 5.3 g of crude lipid, 6.1 g of crude ash, 2.9 g of crude fiber, and 54.4 g of soluble nitrogen-free product in 100 g.
全ての結果は、統計学的処理を行い、平均値±標準偏差で示した。得られたデータは一元配置分散分析（ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｖａｒｉａｎｃｅ、ＡＮＯＶＡ）後、Ｔｕｋｅｙの多重比較検定法を用いて統計学的処理を行った。２群間の比較にはＳｔｕｄｅｎｔ’ｓ ｔ−ｔｅｓｔを用い、危険率５％以下を優位差有りと判定した。 All results were statistically processed and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The obtained data were subjected to statistical processing using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then Tukey's multiple comparison test. Student's t-test was used for comparison between the two groups, and a risk rate of 5% or less was determined to have a superior difference.
（２）実験結果
各群のラットの体重、摂餌量、及び飲水量を毎日測定し、毎週の平均とした結果を図１〜図３に示す。また、投与期間終了後、犠牲死させ、該ラットの内臓脂肪の重量測定、血液の生化学的検査、及びＵＣＰ１の発現を調べた結果を以下に示す。
(2) Experimental results The body weight, food intake, and water consumption of each group of rats were measured daily, and the results obtained as averages for each week are shown in FIGS. In addition, after the administration period, the rats were sacrificed and the results of measuring the visceral fat weight, blood biochemical examination, and UCP1 expression in the rats are shown below.
図１は各群のラットの飼育期間中における各週の体重変化を示す図であり、飼育期間中の体重について、本発明品５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（体重）／日投与の（iii）群と本発明品１，０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（体重）／日投与の（iv）群は、高脂肪食投与の対照である（ii）群より常時体重値が小さく推移した。したがって、本発明品は、優れた体重増加抑制作用を有しており、顕著な抗肥満効果を示すことが明らかになった。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing changes in body weight of each group during the breeding period of rats in each group. Regarding the body weight during the breeding period, the group (iii) of the
図２は各群のラットの飼育期間中における平均摂餌量の推移を示す図であり、図３は各群のラットの飼育期間中における平均飲水量の推移を示す図である。図２及び図３では、飼育期間中での各群の平均摂食量及び平均飲水量について、有意な差を示さなかった。各群それぞれの摂取エネルギー量及び本発明の摂取量は、設定通りであった。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the transition of the average food intake during the breeding period of the rats in each group, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the transition of the average water intake during the breeding period of the rats in each group. In FIG.2 and FIG.3, the significant difference was not shown about the average food intake and the average water consumption of each group during a breeding period. The intake energy amount of each group and the intake amount of the present invention were as set.
投与期間における各群のラットの体重変化について、４週おきの体重と最終週の体重を表２に示す。体重は、平均値±標準偏差で示す。表中の（ ）内の数字は０週の平均体重を１００としたときの相対値を示す。 Table 2 shows the body weight every 4 weeks and the body weight of the last week for the change in body weight of the rats in each group during the administration period. Body weight is expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The numbers in parentheses in the table indicate relative values when the average weight at 0 weeks is defined as 100.
表２に示す通り、体重変化について、高脂肪食投与の対照である（ii）群は、０週と比較して、４週に１１３％で０〜４週までの間の増加率が大きいものであった。一方、本発明品投与の（iii）群と（iv）群は、０週と比較して、４週に１０４％と１０３％であり、０〜４週までの体重増加が顕著に抑制された。（ii）群と比較し、（iii）群の８週目は危険率５％で有意差があること、（iv）群の４週、８週、１２週及び１７週は危険率５％で有意差があること、を示した。本発明品投与の（iii）群と（iv）群のいずれも、高脂肪食を投与したにも係らず、飼育期間中、体重増加が抑制されることが示された。 As shown in Table 2, regarding the change in body weight, the group (ii), which is a high fat diet control, has a large increase rate from 0 to 4 weeks at 113% in 4 weeks compared to 0 weeks. Met. On the other hand, the (iii) and (iv) groups administered with the product of the present invention were 104% and 103% at 4 weeks compared with 0 week, and the weight gain from 0 to 4 weeks was remarkably suppressed. . (Ii) Compared with the group, (iii) The 8th week of the group has a significant difference in the risk rate of 5%, (iv) The 4th, 8th, 12th and 17th weeks of the group have a risk rate of 5%. It was shown that there was a significant difference. It was shown that, in both the (iii) group and (iv) group administered with the product of the present invention, weight gain was suppressed during the breeding period despite administration of the high fat diet.
各群のラットの１７週後の体重及び内臓脂肪量の体重比率を表３に示す。体重は、平均値±標準偏差で示す。平均体重相対値は、（ii）群を１００として各群の相対値で示す。内臓脂肪量の体重比率は、内臓周囲脂肪、腎臓周囲脂肪、及び精巣周囲脂肪の和を内臓脂肪量とし、体重に対する比率で示す。 Table 3 shows the body weight ratio of the rats of each group after 17 weeks and the visceral fat mass. Body weight is expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The average body weight relative value is expressed as a relative value of each group with (ii) group being 100. The weight ratio of the visceral fat mass is expressed as a ratio to the body weight, with the visceral fat mass being the sum of the visceral fat, perirenal fat, and testicular fat.
表３に示す通り、高脂肪食投与の対照である（ii）群に対して、本発明品５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（体重）／日投与の（iii）群と本発明品１，０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（体重）／日投与の（iv）群は、いずれも高脂肪食投与による体重増加抑制及び内臓脂肪増加抑制を示した。特に、内臓脂肪量の体重比率については、（ii）群と比較し、（iii）群は危険率５％で有意差があること、（iv）群は危険率１％で有意差があること、を示した。したがって、本発明品は、優れた体重増加抑制作用及び内臓脂肪増加抑制作用を有しており、顕著な抗肥満効果を示すことが明らかになった。
As shown in Table 3, the group (iii) of the
各群のラットの１７週後における血液の生化学的検査結果を表４に示す。 Table 4 shows the blood biochemical test results of rats in each group after 17 weeks.
表４に示す通り、遊離脂肪酸値と血糖値について、本発明品投与の（iii）群と（iv）群は、高脂肪食投与の対照である（ii）群と比較し、すべて有意差を示した。遊離脂肪酸値については、（ii）群と比較し、（iii）群と（iv）群ともに、危険率１％で有意差があること、を示した。
したがって、本発明品は、血液の生化学的検査結果において顕著な抗肥満効果を示すことが明らかになった。さらに、本発明品投与により血糖値が改善され、本発明品は高血糖に対して有効であることが明らかになった。
レプチンについては、本発明品投与の（iii）群と（iv）群とも、（ii）群より小さな値を示した。アディポネクチンについては、（ii）群と比較し、（iii）群と（iv）群とも大きな値を示し、（iv）群は危険率５％で有意差があること、を示した。
したがって、本発明品は、血液の生化学的検査結果において顕著な抗肥満効果を示すことが明らかになった。
As shown in Table 4, regarding the free fatty acid level and blood glucose level, the (iii) group and (iv) group administered with the product of the present invention were all significantly different from the (ii) group, which is a high fat diet administered control. Indicated. About the free fatty acid value, it showed that there was a significant difference in the risk rate of 1% in both the (iii) group and the (iv) group compared with the (ii) group.
Therefore, it was revealed that the product of the present invention has a remarkable anti-obesity effect in the blood biochemical test results. Furthermore, the blood glucose level was improved by administration of the product of the present invention, and it was revealed that the product of the present invention is effective against hyperglycemia.
Regarding leptin, both the (iii) and (iv) groups administered with the product of the present invention showed smaller values than the (ii) group. About adiponectin, compared with (ii) group, both (iii) group and (iv) group showed a large value, and (iv) group showed that there was a significant difference at a risk rate of 5%.
Therefore, it was revealed that the product of the present invention has a remarkable anti-obesity effect in the blood biochemical test results.
ＵＣＰについて、褐色脂肪組織中のＵＣＰであるＵＣＰ１の発現を調べた。まず各群個々の褐色脂肪組織を摘出し、次いでそれら摘出組織より調製したタンパク質について、ウエスタン解析を行った。なお、ＵＣＰ１量は、定常的に発現しているタンパク質であるβ−アクチンの発現量に対する相対値として示した。この数値が大きいほどＵＣＰ１量が多いことを示す。 For UCP, the expression of UCP1, a UCP in brown adipose tissue, was examined. First, the brown adipose tissue of each group was extracted, and then Western analysis was performed on the proteins prepared from the extracted tissues. The amount of UCP1 was shown as a relative value to the expression level of β-actin, which is a protein that is constantly expressed. A larger value indicates a larger amount of UCP1.
各群のラットの１７週後における褐色脂肪組織中のＵＣＰ１量を表５に示す。 Table 5 shows the amount of UCP1 in brown adipose tissue after 17 weeks of each group of rats.
表５に示す通り、ＵＣＰ１の発現について、本発明品投与の（iii）群と（iv）群のＵＣＰ１量は、高脂肪食投与の対照である（ii）群及び普通食投与の（i）群より大きな値を示した。したがって、本発明品は、ＵＣＰ１発現促進作用を有しており、顕著な抗肥満効果を示すことが明らかになった。 As shown in Table 5, regarding the expression of UCP1, the amount of UCP1 in the groups (iii) and (iv) administered with the product of the present invention is the control of the high fat diet (ii) group and the normal diet (i) Larger value than the group. Therefore, it was clarified that the product of the present invention has a UCP1 expression promoting action and exhibits a remarkable anti-obesity effect.
各群のラットの飼育期間中における、糞便を乾燥した後の糞便中の脂質含量を表６に示す。 Table 6 shows the lipid content in the stool after drying the stool during the breeding period of each group of rats.
表６に示す通り、糞便を乾燥した後の糞便中の脂質含量について、高脂肪食投与の（ii）群、（iii）群、及び（iv）群は、普通食投与の（i）群に対し同程度に大きな値を示した。本発明品投与の（iii）群と（iv）群は、少なくとも腸管における脂質の吸収阻害がないことを示した。 As shown in Table 6, regarding the lipid content in the stool after drying the stool, the (ii) group, (iii) group, and (iv) group administered with a high fat diet are the (i) group administered with a normal diet. On the other hand, the values were almost as large. The (iii) and (iv) groups administered with the product of the present invention showed no inhibition of lipid absorption in at least the intestinal tract.
［製剤例１］
次の処方により、顆粒を製造した。
ニガウリ粉砕末（実施例１） ２５０（質量部）
乳糖 ５７０
結晶セルロース １５０
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース ３０
[Formulation Example 1]
Granules were produced according to the following formulation.
Powdered bitter gourd (Example 1) 250 (parts by mass)
Lactose 570
Crystalline cellulose 150
［製剤例２］
次の処方により、湿式造粒し、打錠して錠剤を得た。
ニガウリ水抽出物末（実施例２） ２５０（質量部）
乳糖 ５７０
結晶セルロース １４０
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース ３０
ステアリン酸マグネシウム １
タルク ９
[Formulation Example 2]
According to the following formulation, wet granulation was performed and tablets were obtained by tableting.
Bittern water extract powder (Example 2) 250 (parts by mass)
Lactose 570
Crystalline cellulose 140
［処方例１］
次の処方により、常法に従い、クッキーを製造した。
薄力粉 ９０（質量部）
無塩バター ５０
グラニュー糖 ４７
全卵 １３
ニガウリ粉砕末（実施例１） ５．７
ベーキングパウダー ０．１６
[Prescription Example 1]
Cookies were produced according to the following prescription according to a conventional method.
Soft flour 90 (parts by mass)
Unsalted butter 50
Granulated sugar 47
Powdered bitter gourd (Example 1) 5.7
Baking powder 0.16
［処方例２］
次の処方により、飲料を製造した。
ニガウリ水抽出物末（実施例２） ０．５（質量部）
ミックスフルーツピューレ（Ｂｘ．１０） １６
液状オリゴ糖（Ｂｘ．７５） １２
香料 ０．１
ビタミンＥ製剤 ０．１
水 ７１．３
[Prescription Example 2]
A beverage was produced according to the following formulation.
Bittern water extract powder (Example 2) 0.5 (parts by mass)
Mixed fruit puree (Bx.10) 16
Liquid oligosaccharide (Bx.75) 12
Fragrance 0.1
Vitamin E preparation 0.1
Water 71.3
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009164568A JP2011020925A (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2009-07-13 | Offal fat-type overweight inhibitor and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009164568A JP2011020925A (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2009-07-13 | Offal fat-type overweight inhibitor and method for producing the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2011020925A true JP2011020925A (en) | 2011-02-03 |
Family
ID=43631318
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009164568A Pending JP2011020925A (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2009-07-13 | Offal fat-type overweight inhibitor and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2011020925A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140294999A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-10-02 | Infinitus (China) Company Ltd. | Natural weight reduction health composition and application thereof |
| CN104997006A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-28 | 启东清泉有限公司 | Bitter gourd health-care product |
| RU2607351C1 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2017-01-10 | Перфект (Чайна) Ко., Лтд | Composition for balance of intestinal microbiota, production and using thereof |
| WO2017159725A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Composition for promoting glp-1 secretion, and method for manufacturing same |
| WO2019159682A1 (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | イマジン・グローバル・ケア株式会社 | Method for extracting bitter melon extract for lowering human ldl cholesterol |
-
2009
- 2009-07-13 JP JP2009164568A patent/JP2011020925A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140294999A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-10-02 | Infinitus (China) Company Ltd. | Natural weight reduction health composition and application thereof |
| RU2607351C1 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2017-01-10 | Перфект (Чайна) Ко., Лтд | Composition for balance of intestinal microbiota, production and using thereof |
| CN104997006A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-28 | 启东清泉有限公司 | Bitter gourd health-care product |
| WO2017159725A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Composition for promoting glp-1 secretion, and method for manufacturing same |
| WO2019159682A1 (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | イマジン・グローバル・ケア株式会社 | Method for extracting bitter melon extract for lowering human ldl cholesterol |
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