JP2011010429A - Charger and charging method - Google Patents

Charger and charging method Download PDF

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JP2011010429A
JP2011010429A JP2009150628A JP2009150628A JP2011010429A JP 2011010429 A JP2011010429 A JP 2011010429A JP 2009150628 A JP2009150628 A JP 2009150628A JP 2009150628 A JP2009150628 A JP 2009150628A JP 2011010429 A JP2011010429 A JP 2011010429A
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charging
battery
secondary battery
charge
batteries
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Ryuzo Sugihara
竜三 杉原
Shogo Sumitomo
正吾 住友
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Panasonic Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in a conventional system, wherein symptoms such as short charge due to halfway break of charge and overcharge arise due to the characteristics of a nickel metal-hydride battery, when charging various batteries or batteries that differ in capacity, or when performing battery charging, in a state of cryogenic temperature at other than normal temperature.SOLUTION: When a plurality of secondary batteries are charged, if an adjacent secondary battery in the plurality of neighboring secondary batteries is finished the influence reaches an adjacent battery under charge, and the temperature of the battery under charge drops temporarily, so the charge control is not effective; and the battery charge is continued. To improve this symptom, control is performed to monitor the number of batteries under charge and the number of finished batteries, when battery charge is completed in order, and to complete the last battery with a set timer.

Description

本発明は、複数本の二次電池を充電する際に、温度変化による過充電を抑制する充電器及び充電方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a charger and a charging method for suppressing overcharging due to temperature change when charging a plurality of secondary batteries.

近年、一般的な単三形、単四形などと同じ形状で、充電すると再利用が可能なニッケル水素電池が増加しつつある。また、その二次電池を充電するための充電器も多く提供されている。これらの充電器の充電制御には、充電末期の電池電圧の降下を検知する方式や充電タイマーによる方式などにより充電制御を行っているものが多いが、同時に二次電池の過充電や高温時の対策など、今後も、安全性の高い使い勝手の良い充電器が開発され商品化されていくと考えられる。   In recent years, nickel-metal hydride batteries, which have the same shape as general AA, AAA, etc. and can be reused when charged, are increasing. Many chargers for charging the secondary battery are also provided. Many of these chargers control charging by a method that detects a drop in battery voltage at the end of charging or a method that uses a charging timer. In the future, it is considered that safe and easy-to-use chargers will be developed and commercialized.

一方で、サーミスタを搭載し二次電池の温度や単位時間当たりの温度上昇量を計算することで判定することにより、充電を完了させる温度微分検出方式の充電装置が提案されている。例えば、充電装置に二次電池の温度を検出する温度検出手段と、検出された温度の単位時間当たりの温度上昇量である温度微分値を求める温度微分検出手段などにより、二次電池の充電完了や、発熱の危険性の低減、満充電の誤判定を防ぐことなどが提案されている（特許文献１）。   On the other hand, a temperature differential detection type charging device has been proposed that completes charging by mounting a thermistor and making a determination by calculating the temperature of the secondary battery and the amount of temperature increase per unit time. For example, the charging of the secondary battery is completed by the temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the secondary battery in the charging device and the temperature differential detection means for obtaining the temperature differential value that is the temperature rise amount per unit time of the detected temperature. In addition, it has been proposed to reduce the risk of heat generation and prevent erroneous determination of full charge (Patent Document 1).

特開平８−３０８１３９号公報JP-A-8-308139

しかしながら特許文献１のように、温度微分検出方式を採用する場合、サーミスタなど搭載する部品点数も多くなり高価となる。それに加え、いろいろな種類の電池や容量の異なった電池を充電する場合や、常温ではなく極低温の状態などで充電を行う場合、低い充電電流で充電を行う場合などには、いくら温度を監視していてもニッケル水素電池の特性上、充電の途中切れによる充電不足や過充電などの症状が全て補えるわけではない。   However, when the temperature differential detection method is adopted as in Patent Document 1, the number of components such as a thermistor to be mounted is increased and the cost is increased. In addition, when charging various types of batteries or batteries with different capacities, charging at extremely low temperature instead of room temperature, charging at low charging current, etc., how much temperature is monitored However, due to the characteristics of the nickel-metal hydride battery, it is not possible to compensate for all the symptoms such as insufficient charging and overcharging due to the interruption of charging.

また通常、電池を充電すると電池自体の温度は上昇するが、隣の二次電池の温度に影響され、思ったように充電制御が効かずに充電が継続し過充電状態になってしまう場合があるという課題を有していた。   Normally, when a battery is charged, the temperature of the battery itself rises, but it is affected by the temperature of the adjacent secondary battery, and as expected, charging control may not work and charging may continue and an overcharged state may occur. Had the problem of being.

前記従来の課題を解決するために本発明は、同時に複数本以上の二次電池が装着でき、この二次電池を個別に充電可能とした充電器において、上記充電される二次電池を個別に電源部に接続可能な出力制御部と、充電される個別の二次電池の電池電圧を検出する電池電圧検出部と、最後の二次電池を充電するときに事前に設定した時間を記憶したメモリ部と、この最後の二次電池の充電時間がメモリ部に記憶した時間に到達することを検出することにより出力制御部を制御して充電を完了させる制御部とを備えたこと充電器というものである。   In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the present invention is capable of mounting a plurality of secondary batteries at the same time, and charging the secondary batteries individually in a charger that can charge the secondary batteries individually. Output control unit that can be connected to the power supply unit, battery voltage detection unit that detects the battery voltage of the individual secondary battery to be charged, and memory that stores a preset time when charging the last secondary battery And a control unit for controlling the output control unit to complete the charging by detecting that the charging time of the last secondary battery reaches the time stored in the memory unit. It is.

また、同時に複数本以上の二次電池を装着し、この二次電池を個別に充電する充電器の充電方法として、上記複数本の二次電池を順次充電を行い、最後の二次電池の充電を行うにあたって事前に設定した時間に最後の二次電池の充電時間が到達することによって充電を完了させる充電方法である。   In addition, as a charging method for a charger in which a plurality of secondary batteries are mounted at the same time and the secondary batteries are individually charged, the plurality of secondary batteries are sequentially charged and the last secondary battery is charged. This is a charging method in which charging is completed by reaching the charging time of the last secondary battery at a preset time in performing.

本発明を取り入れることにより、温度監視機能を搭載しない充電器において、どのような容量の二次電池が装着されても、二次電池の過充電を抑制することができ、過充電にならず安全な充電を行うことができる。   By adopting the present invention, in a charger not equipped with a temperature monitoring function, it is possible to suppress overcharge of the secondary battery regardless of the capacity of the secondary battery, and it is safe without being overcharged. Can be recharged.

本発明の概略フローチャートOutline flowchart of the present invention 本発明が対応する充電電圧波形図Charging voltage waveform diagram to which the present invention corresponds 通常の充電電圧波形図Normal charge voltage waveform diagram 充電完了判定が困難な充電電圧波形図Charging voltage waveform diagram that makes it difficult to determine when charging is complete 本発明の実施の形態を示す説明図Explanatory drawing which shows embodiment of this invention 本発明の実施の形態を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows embodiment of this invention

以下本発明を実施するための形態について、図を参照しながら説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

（実施の形態１）
図５は、本発明の実施の形態１における複数本の二次電池を、充電用の充電器に接続した説明図である。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram in which a plurality of secondary batteries according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention are connected to a charging charger.

図５において、５０１は二次電池用の充電器本体であり、二次電池５０３を装着することにより、装着された二次電池５０３に対して充電を行う。このとき、充電制御回路５０２により二次電池５０３の装着本数の判断や、装着されている場合にはその装着されている二次電池５０３に対して充電制御を行う。   In FIG. 5, reference numeral 501 denotes a charger main body for a secondary battery. When the secondary battery 503 is attached, the attached secondary battery 503 is charged. At this time, the charge control circuit 502 determines the number of secondary batteries 503 attached, and if attached, performs charge control on the attached secondary battery 503.

また、充電表示ＬＥＤからなる表示部５０４の点灯・点滅・消灯などの組み合わせによって、装着された二次電池５０３の充電状態を示す。   In addition, the charging state of the attached secondary battery 503 is indicated by a combination of lighting, blinking, and extinguishing of the display unit 504 including the charging display LED.

同図を用いて、本実施の形態１における接続された二次電池５０３の充電方法について詳細に説明する。充電器本体５０１に二次電池５０３を装着するスペースを具備しており、二次電池５０３を装着し、充電器本体５０１に具備されているコンセントプラグ５０５を家庭用のコンセントに接続する。   The charging method of the connected secondary battery 503 in the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The charger main body 501 has a space for mounting the secondary battery 503. The secondary battery 503 is mounted, and the outlet plug 505 provided in the charger main body 501 is connected to a household outlet.

これにより充電制御回路５０２が動作し、どのスペースに二次電池５０３が装着されているかの検出や電池の種類などを判断することよって、装着された二次電池５０３に対して充電制御を行う。   As a result, the charge control circuit 502 is operated, and charge control is performed on the mounted secondary battery 503 by detecting in which space the secondary battery 503 is mounted and determining the type of the battery.

図６は図５における充電制御回路５０２のブロック図である。図６において、６０１は電源部でありコンセントからの電源を供給するブロックである。   FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the charging control circuit 502 in FIG. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 601 denotes a power supply unit, which is a block for supplying power from an outlet.

電源が入ると搭載された充電制御用のマイコン６０２が動作する。マイコン内部に装備されるＲＯＭにおける制御部６０２ａは電池の有無の判別や、電池が装着されている場合の一連の充電制御を行う。まず電池有無の判断のために電池電圧の入力を行うが、電圧入力切換部６０５の制御を行うことにより各二次電池に対して順次に切換えを行いながら、電池電圧検出部６０２ｂから各電池の電圧入力を行う。入力した電圧により、二次電池が装着されているかどうかの判断を行う。この電池電圧の入力は定期的に行い、電池着脱の監視を行う。電池電圧入力により、適正な二次電池が装着されていると判断した場合は、電流制御部６０３と出力制御部６０４をマイコン６０２内の制御部６０２ａから制御することにより、接続されている二次電池に対して充電を行う。   When the power is turned on, a built-in charging control microcomputer 602 operates. The control unit 602a in the ROM provided in the microcomputer performs the determination of the presence / absence of the battery and a series of charging control when the battery is mounted. First, the battery voltage is input to determine the presence or absence of the battery. The battery voltage detection unit 602b controls each secondary battery while sequentially switching the secondary batteries by controlling the voltage input switching unit 605. Perform voltage input. Based on the input voltage, it is determined whether or not a secondary battery is installed. This battery voltage is input periodically to monitor battery attachment / detachment. When it is determined that an appropriate secondary battery is installed by battery voltage input, the connected secondary is controlled by controlling the current control unit 603 and the output control unit 604 from the control unit 602a in the microcomputer 602. Charge the battery.

二次電池に対して充電を開始すると、定期的に電池電圧検出部６０２ｂで二次電池の電圧を監視する。同様に−ΔＶ検知部６０２ｃにて、電池充電末期の電圧降下の有無を監視を行う。   When charging of the secondary battery is started, the battery voltage detection unit 602b periodically monitors the voltage of the secondary battery. Similarly, the −ΔV detection unit 602c monitors the presence or absence of a voltage drop at the end of battery charging.

また二次電池５０３を充電している間は時間カウント部６０２ｄにおいて、充電している各々の二次電池５０３に対してどれだけの時間充電を行っているかをカウントしている。このカウントが充電最大時間を超える場合は、安全のために制御部６０２ａは充電を終了させる。   While the secondary battery 503 is being charged, the time counting unit 602d counts how long the secondary battery 503 is being charged. When this count exceeds the maximum charging time, the control unit 602a ends the charging for safety.

上記に示すような充電の状態を、表示部６０６のＬＥＤなどを点灯、点滅させて表示するという、一連の充電制御を行う。   A series of charging control is performed in which the state of charging as described above is displayed by turning on and blinking the LED of the display unit 606.

このように、充電末期の状態において電池電圧の降下−ΔＶの検知や、時間カウント監視などを組み合せた充電制御を行うことにより、二次電池５０３の充電不足や過充電などを抑制し、その電池に適正な充電が可能となるという効果を有する。   In this way, by performing charging control in combination with detection of the battery voltage drop -ΔV and time count monitoring in the end-of-charge state, the secondary battery 503 is prevented from being insufficiently charged or overcharged. Therefore, it is possible to charge properly.

また通常、図３の通常の充電電圧波形に示すように正常に二次電池５０３の充電が行われる場合、その制御は二次電池５０３により決められた充電時間の設定を行い、その時間付近に現れる電池充電末期の電池電圧の降下−ΔＶを検知することにより充電を完了させるといった充電制御となる。   Normally, when the secondary battery 503 is normally charged as shown in the normal charging voltage waveform of FIG. 3, the control is performed by setting the charging time determined by the secondary battery 503, and around that time. The charging control is such that the charging is completed by detecting the battery voltage drop -ΔV at the end of the battery charging that appears.

しかしながら、図４の充電完了判定が困難な充電電圧波形に示すような場合がある。外部雰囲気の温度や充電電流の大小、充電する電池の本数などの要因により決められた充電制御が思うように働かない場合が存在する。例えば、電池充電末期の電池電圧の降下−ΔＶは、外気温が低いときは高いときと比較してその現象が出にくいため、電圧のピークや電圧降下の判定が困難となる。   However, there are cases where the charging voltage waveform shown in FIG. There are cases where the charging control determined by factors such as the temperature of the external atmosphere, the magnitude of the charging current, and the number of batteries to be charged does not work as expected. For example, since the battery voltage drop -ΔV at the end of battery charging is less likely to occur when the outside air temperature is low than when it is high, it is difficult to determine the voltage peak or voltage drop.

また、小さい電流レートでの充電は大きい電流での充電と比較して、この場合も電池充電末期の電池電圧降下−ΔＶの現象は出にくい。このため、電池の充電時間が理想とする充電時間を超えて過充電状態となってしまう。   Also, charging at a small current rate is less likely to cause the phenomenon of battery voltage drop -ΔV at the end of battery charging as compared to charging at a large current. For this reason, the charging time of the battery exceeds the ideal charging time, resulting in an overcharged state.

このようなことは、電池寿命に悪く安全上にも問題が発生する場合があるため回避が必要である。通常は最大充電時間を設定しているため、安全上の問題は抑えられるが、二次電池５０３に対する過充電状態は避けられない。   Such a situation has to be avoided because the battery life is poor and a safety problem may occur. Usually, since the maximum charging time is set, safety problems can be suppressed, but an overcharged state of the secondary battery 503 is unavoidable.

特許文献１の図１で示されているフローチャートにおいても、正常な温度範囲と認識している場合においては、外気などの周囲の影響で電池充電末期の電池電圧降下−ΔＶ判定がかからない状態になれば最大時間で完了するしかない制御の流れとなっている。   Also in the flowchart shown in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, when the temperature is recognized as a normal temperature range, the battery voltage drop-ΔV determination at the end of battery charging is not applied due to the influence of the surroundings such as outside air. Thus, the flow of control can only be completed in the maximum time.

本発明では、複数本同時に二次電池５０３に対して充電を行う際に、図２に示すような充電電圧波形に対して過充電せず安全な充電制御を行うことができる。複数本同時に二次電池５０３を充電する場合、順次満充電になった二次電池５０３から充電が完了していく制御であるが、図２の太い破線にて示すように二次電池５０３の充電が完了した場合、それに伴い充電完了した二次電池５０３には充電電流が停止するため電池自体の温度上昇が停止し、徐々に温度が下がっていく。   In the present invention, when charging a plurality of secondary batteries 503 simultaneously, it is possible to perform safe charge control without overcharging the charge voltage waveform as shown in FIG. When charging a plurality of secondary batteries 503 at the same time, the control is such that charging is completed from the secondary batteries 503 that are fully charged in sequence, but as shown by the thick broken lines in FIG. When the charging is completed, the charging current is stopped in the secondary battery 503 that has been charged. Accordingly, the temperature rise of the battery itself stops and the temperature gradually decreases.

そのためこの充電完了した二次電池５０３の隣の電池は、図３に示すような従来の充電電圧の波形とならずよりフラットな電圧波形となってしまうため、電池末期の電圧降下−ΔＶも検知できずに理想とする充電時間を超えて充電最大時間まで充電され過充電となる。   For this reason, the battery next to the fully charged secondary battery 503 has a flat voltage waveform instead of the conventional charge voltage waveform as shown in FIG. 3, and thus the voltage drop -ΔV at the end of the battery is also detected. It is overcharged by charging up to the maximum charging time exceeding the ideal charging time.

この状態を避けるべく本発明では、二次電池が最後の１本となった場合において、充電開始時にあらかじめ設定している理想とする充電時間が経過した時点で停止させるように制御を行うことにより、過充電を抑えることが可能となる。   In order to avoid this state, in the present invention, when the secondary battery is the last one, the control is performed so as to stop when the ideal charging time preset at the start of charging has elapsed. It becomes possible to suppress overcharge.

また、充電開始の段階から二次電池の容量差が大きい場合においても、前述した二次電池の充電方法と同じように充電を行うことで複数の電池容量差も低減されていく。   Even when the capacity difference between the secondary batteries is large from the stage of starting charging, the plurality of battery capacity differences are also reduced by charging in the same manner as the secondary battery charging method described above.

図１に本発明の概略フローチャートを示す。このフローチャートの例に示すように、今充電器本体５０１に接続されている二次電池５０３の接続本数や時間経過を監視しつつ、更に充電を完了した二次電池５０３の本数も監視することにより、最後まで充電継続している１本を理想の充電時間で充電完了させることで、リミットである充電最大時間まで充電が継続してしまうことがなくなり、過充電を抑えて安全な充電を行うことができる。   FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of the present invention. As shown in the example of this flowchart, while monitoring the number of connected secondary batteries 503 connected to the charger main body 501 and the passage of time, the number of secondary batteries 503 that have completed charging is also monitored. By completing the charging of the one that has been charged to the end in the ideal charging time, charging will not continue until the maximum charging time that is the limit, and overcharging will be suppressed and safe charging will be performed Can do.

本発明にかかる充電器は、サーミスタを搭載しない比較的安価な充電器であって、複数本の二次電池を充電する場合に、接続されている二次電池や充電完了の本数を監視し、温度低下などの要因によって過充電しないように制御することにより、二次電池に対して安全でかつ安定した充電を行うことができる。   The charger according to the present invention is a relatively inexpensive charger that does not include a thermistor, and when charging a plurality of secondary batteries, monitors the number of connected secondary batteries and the number of completed charging, By controlling so as not to overcharge due to factors such as a decrease in temperature, the secondary battery can be charged safely and stably.

５０１ 充電器本体
５０２ 充電制御回路
５０３ 二次電池
５０４ 表示部
５０５ コンセントプラグ
６０１ 電源部
６０２ マイコン
６０２ａ 制御部
６０２ｂ 電池電圧検出部
６０２ｃ −ΔＶ検出部
６０２ｄ 時間カウント部
６０３ 電流制御部
６０４ 出力制御部
６０５ 電圧入力切換部
６０６ 表示部 501 Charger main body 502 Charge control circuit 503 Secondary battery 504 Display unit 505 Outlet plug 601 Power supply unit 602 Microcomputer 602a Control unit 602b Battery voltage detection unit 602c-ΔV detection unit 602d Time count unit 603 Current control unit 604 Output control unit 605 Voltage Input switching unit 606 Display unit

Claims (3)

同時に複数本以上の二次電池が装着でき、この二次電池を個別に充電可能とした充電器において、上記充電される二次電池を個別に電源部に接続可能な出力制御部と、充電される個別の二次電池の電池電圧を検出する電池電圧検出部と、最後の二次電池を充電するときに事前に設定した時間を記憶したメモリ部と、この最後の二次電池の充電時間がメモリ部に記憶した時間に到達することを検出することにより出力制御部を制御して充電を完了させる制御部とを備えたことを特徴とする充電器。 At the same time, in a charger that can be equipped with a plurality of secondary batteries and can be charged individually, the secondary battery to be charged can be individually connected to a power supply unit and charged. A battery voltage detection unit for detecting the battery voltage of the individual secondary battery, a memory unit for storing a preset time when charging the last secondary battery, and a charging time for the last secondary battery. And a control unit configured to control the output control unit to complete charging by detecting that the time stored in the memory unit is reached. 前記制御部は複数本の二次電池と電源部との接続を制御するとともに、個々の二次電池に接続された電圧入力切換部を制御して充電される個々の二次電池の電池電圧を電池電圧検出部に検出させるように制御する構成とした請求項１記載の充電器。 The control unit controls the connection between a plurality of secondary batteries and a power supply unit, and controls the voltage input switching unit connected to each secondary battery to control the battery voltage of each secondary battery to be charged. The charger according to claim 1, wherein the battery voltage detection unit is configured to perform control so as to be detected. 同時に複数本以上の二次電池を装着し、この二次電池を個別に充電する充電器の充電方法として、上記複数本の二次電池を順次充電を行い、最後の二次電池の充電を行うにあたって事前に設定した時間に最後の二次電池の充電時間が到達することによって充電を完了させることを特徴とした充電器の充電方法。 At the same time, a plurality of secondary batteries are mounted, and as a charging method for a charger that individually charges the secondary batteries, the plurality of secondary batteries are sequentially charged, and the last secondary battery is charged. A charging method for a charger, characterized in that charging is completed when a charging time of the last secondary battery reaches a preset time.
JP2009150628A 2009-06-25 2009-06-25 Charger and charging method Pending JP2011010429A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11394210B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2022-07-19 Denso Corporation Charging system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11394210B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2022-07-19 Denso Corporation Charging system

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