JP2010528253A - Heat exchanger shell assembly and assembly method - Google Patents
Heat exchanger shell assembly and assembly method Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010528253A JP2010528253A JP2010509805A JP2010509805A JP2010528253A JP 2010528253 A JP2010528253 A JP 2010528253A JP 2010509805 A JP2010509805 A JP 2010509805A JP 2010509805 A JP2010509805 A JP 2010509805A JP 2010528253 A JP2010528253 A JP 2010528253A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/1607—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
- F28F2009/224—Longitudinal partitions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2230/00—Sealing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49361—Tube inside tube
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は熱交換器シェルアセンブリ、及び熱交換器シェル構造体を組み立てる方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat exchanger shell assembly and a method of assembling a heat exchanger shell structure.
シェル・アンド・チューブ式熱交換器は間接熱交換器である。熱交換器シェル内に延びた管束の管を通る流体（管側）と、管の外側の空間を通る流体（シェル側）との間で熱伝達が起こる。シェル・アンド・チューブ式熱交換器の詳細は、例えばＰｅｒｒｙ’ｓ Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ Ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｓ’ Ｈａｎｄｂｏｏｋ、第７版、１９９７、ＭｃＧｒａｗ−Ｈｉｌｌ Ｉｎｃ．、１１−３３〜１１−４６頁（非特許文献１）に見いだせる。 Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are indirect heat exchangers. Heat transfer occurs between the fluid passing through the tubes of the tube bundle extending into the heat exchanger shell (tube side) and the fluid passing through the space outside the tubes (shell side). Details of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger can be found in, for example, Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 7th Edition, 1997, McGraw-Hill Inc. 11-33 to 11-46 (Non-Patent Document 1).
シェル・アンド・チューブ式熱交換器は、シェル側と管側の流体の通過回数に基づいて分類できる。各通過において、それぞれの流体は一般に水平方向に長い熱交換器の全長にほぼ沿って流れる。複数のシェル通過において、流体の流れはシェルの全長を複数回往復し蛇行する。 Shell and tube heat exchangers can be classified based on the number of passages of fluid on the shell side and the tube side. In each pass, the respective fluid flows generally along the entire length of the heat exchanger, which is generally horizontally long. In passing through a plurality of shells, the fluid flow reciprocates the entire length of the shell several times and meanders.
熱交換器シェルはシェル側の流体用の入口ノズル及び出口ノズルを有する。シェル側通過が１回の熱交換器の場合、一般に入口ノズルがシェルの一方の端部、特にシェルの上部に配置され、出口ノズルがその反対の端部、特に下部に配置される。通過が奇数回の場合も同様である。シェル側通過が２回の場合（又はもっと言うならば偶数回の場合）、入口ノズルと出口ノズルが同じ端部に適当に配置される。 The heat exchanger shell has an inlet nozzle and an outlet nozzle for fluid on the shell side. In the case of a heat exchanger with a single shell-side pass, the inlet nozzle is generally arranged at one end of the shell, in particular the upper part of the shell, and the outlet nozzle is arranged at its opposite end, in particular the lower part. The same applies when the number of passes is odd. In case of two shell-side passes (or even more so), the inlet and outlet nozzles are suitably arranged at the same end.
例えば使用法を変更し又は性能を改良するために熱交換器を改装する場合、通過回数を適合させるのが望ましい。例えば、エキスパンデッドメタルのバッフルからなる横支持体と共に管束を取り付けるとすると、最適な性能のためにはシェル側の通過回数をより大きくするのが好ましい場合がある。エキスパンデッドメタルは、薄板金にスリットを入れ広げて作る。エキスパンデッドメタルのバッフルは、例えば参考のためにここに組み入れる公開番号ＷＯ２００３／０６７１７０、ＷＯ２００５／０１５１０７及びＷＯ２００５／０６１９８２の国際特許出願から公知であり、実際に例えば汚れる傾向がより弱く、圧力低下がより小さく、シェル流体中で生成される乱流により熱伝達が改良されるなどの重要な利点を有することが分かった。利用可能なシェル側通過の横断面に張られたエキスパンデッドメタルのバッフルでは、シェル流体は縦方向に流れる。セグメント型バッフルを用いる従来の熱交換器では、シェル側通過が１回のものでさえシェル内の主流経路に沿って流れが蛇行するので、シェル側の流れの有効長がシェルの縦方向の延長よりも長くなる。エキスパンデッドメタルのバッフルが用いられる場合、より多くのシェル側通過回数を用いてシェル側の流れの経路長を最適化するのが好ましく、特に、これはエキスパンデッドメタルバッフルにより生じる圧力低下が小さいことを考慮して実行できる。 For example, if the heat exchanger is retrofitted to change usage or improve performance, it is desirable to adapt the number of passes. For example, if a tube bundle is attached with a lateral support made of expanded metal baffles, it may be preferable to increase the number of passes on the shell side for optimum performance. Expanded metal is made by spreading slits in sheet metal. Expanded metal baffles are known, for example, from the international patent applications of publication numbers WO2003 / 0667170, WO2005 / 015107 and WO2005 / 061982, which are incorporated herein by reference, and are actually less prone to fouling, for example. It has been found that it has important advantages such as improved heat transfer due to the smaller turbulence generated in the shell fluid. In an expanded metal baffle stretched across the available shell side cross-section, the shell fluid flows longitudinally. In conventional heat exchangers that use segmented baffles, the flow snakes along the main flow path in the shell, even with one shell-side pass, so the effective length of the shell-side flow is the longitudinal extension of the shell. Longer than. When expanded metal baffles are used, it is preferable to optimize the shell-side flow path length using more shell-side passes, and in particular this will reduce the pressure drop caused by the expanded metal baffle. It can be executed considering the smallness.
シェル側の通過回数を偶数と奇数との間で変える場合、ノズルの一方が不適切に配置されるので問題が生じる。原理的には、シェル側の流体の内部流路をシェルの一方の端部からもう一方の端部に配置することが考えられる。本発明の目的はシェル側の通過回数を変更できる熱交換器シェル装置を提供することである。 If the number of passes on the shell side is changed between even and odd, a problem arises because one of the nozzles is improperly arranged. In principle, it is conceivable to arrange the internal flow path of the fluid on the shell side from one end of the shell to the other end. The objective of this invention is providing the heat exchanger shell apparatus which can change the frequency | count of passage by the side of a shell.
発明の概要
この目的のため、本発明は下側にノズルを有する外側シェルと；
前記外側シェル内に設けられ、前記外側シェルと中間空間を形成し、下側に開口部を有する内側シェル部材と；
を備え、前記中間空間に嵌め込まれるよう配置され前記開口部と前記ノズルとの間に流体用の密封通路を形成する密封部材を更に備える熱交換器シェル装置を提供する。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the present invention comprises an outer shell having a nozzle on the underside;
An inner shell member provided in the outer shell, forming an intermediate space with the outer shell, and having an opening on the lower side;
And a heat exchanger shell device further comprising a sealing member arranged to be fitted into the intermediate space and forming a fluid sealing passage between the opening and the nozzle.
内側シェル部材を配置することにより、中間空間を用いてシェル側流体を一方のシェル端部から他方に向けることができる。管束との実際の熱交換が行われる内側シェル空間は、中間空間に対して密封する必要があり、一方、シェル側流体は熱伝達効率を下げる近道ルートに沿って流れ得る。このため、内側シェル部材と外側シェルとの間に密封部材が設けられる。好ましくは、密封部材は重力密封部材であり、その密封力は、内側シェル部材により密封部材にかかる重力によって与えられる。特に、密封部材は外側シェルと内側シェル部材とのうち少なくとも１つには連結されず、好ましくは外側シェルと内側シェル部材の両方に連結されない。このことにより、シェル装置の取り付けが特に容易になる。内側シェル部材を外側シェルの中に配置した後に密封部材を中間空間に押し込むことができ、内側シェルを降ろしてその重みと適切には管束の重みとが密封部材に対する密封力を働かせることで簡単に密封が得られるからである。また、密封部材を介して内側シェルと外側シェルを連結しないことにより、外側シェルと内側シェル部材の異なる温度膨張を吸収できる。 By disposing the inner shell member, the shell-side fluid can be directed from one shell end to the other using the intermediate space. The inner shell space where the actual heat exchange with the tube bundle takes place needs to be sealed against the intermediate space, while the shell side fluid can flow along a shortcut route that reduces the heat transfer efficiency. For this reason, a sealing member is provided between the inner shell member and the outer shell. Preferably, the sealing member is a gravity sealing member, and the sealing force is provided by the gravity applied to the sealing member by the inner shell member. In particular, the sealing member is not connected to at least one of the outer shell and the inner shell member, and preferably is not connected to both the outer shell and the inner shell member. This makes the mounting of the shell device particularly easy. After placing the inner shell member in the outer shell, the sealing member can be pushed into the intermediate space, and the weight of the inner shell can be lowered and the weight of the tube bundle, and suitably the weight of the tube bundle, to exert a sealing force on the sealing member. This is because sealing is obtained. Further, by not connecting the inner shell and the outer shell through the sealing member, different temperature expansions of the outer shell and the inner shell member can be absorbed.
適当な態様では、密封部材は上面と下面を有する板であり、これらの上面と下面は、外側シェルと内側シェル部材に適合するように配置され、ノズルと開口部を取り囲み、好ましくは上面及び／又は下面にガスケットを備える。 In a suitable embodiment, the sealing member is a plate having an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper and lower surfaces being arranged to fit the outer shell and the inner shell member and surrounding the nozzle and the opening, preferably the upper surface and / or Alternatively, a gasket is provided on the lower surface.
特定の態様では、ノズルが外側シェルの第１のノズルを形成し、開口部が内側シェル部材の第１の開口部を形成し、外側シェルが第２のノズルを更に備え、内側シェル部材が第２の開口部を有し、第２のノズルと第２の開口部とが中間空間を介して流体連通するように配置される。 In certain aspects, the nozzle forms a first nozzle of the outer shell, the opening forms a first opening of the inner shell member, the outer shell further comprises a second nozzle, and the inner shell member is a first nozzle. The second nozzle and the second opening are arranged in fluid communication with each other through the intermediate space.
本発明は、下側にノズルを有する外側シェルと開口部を有する内側シェル部材とを用意し；
前記外側シェルと共に中間空間を形成し且つ前記開口部が前記ノズルの上に位置するように前記内側シェル部材を前記外側シェル中に滑らせ；
前記外側シェル内において前記内側シェル部材を持ち上げておき；
密封部材を前記中間空間中に滑らせて前記開口部と前記ノズルとの間に流体用の通路を形成し；そして
前記密封部材に作用する重力が密封力として働くように前記内側シェル部材を降ろすことからなる熱交換器の組み立て方法を更に提供する。
The present invention provides an outer shell having a nozzle on the lower side and an inner shell member having an opening;
Sliding the inner shell member into the outer shell such that an intermediate space is formed with the outer shell and the opening is located over the nozzle;
Lifting the inner shell member within the outer shell;
A sealing member is slid into the intermediate space to form a fluid passageway between the opening and the nozzle; and the inner shell member is lowered so that gravity acting on the sealing member acts as a sealing force There is further provided a method for assembling the heat exchanger.
本方法は、外側シェルを維持して内側シェル部材の中に新しい管束を配置することによる熱交換器の改造に特に有効である。 The method is particularly useful for heat exchanger modifications by maintaining the outer shell and placing a new tube bundle in the inner shell member.
以下、添付の図面に関して本発明を更に詳しく説明する。
異なる図において同じ参照番号が使用されている場合、同一又は類似の対象物を示す。 Where the same reference numbers are used in different figures, the same or similar objects are indicated.
発明の詳細な説明
図１〜３には、本発明による熱交換器シェルアセンブリ又は構造体２を含んだ熱交換器１が概略的に示されている。熱交換器シェルアセンブリ２は外側シェル４と内側シェル部材５とを備える。外側シェル４はその上側に入口ノズル８（第２のノズル）を有し、その下側に出口ノズル９（第１のノズル）を有する。内側シェル部材５が管板１２と浮動ヘッド１４との間で円筒状に延びることにより、外側シェルと共に中間空間１６を形成する。内側シェル部材は、入口ノズル８の反対の端部近くの上側の周りに複数の穴の形の入口開口部（第２の開口部）２１を有し、その同じ端部の下側に出口開口部２３（第１の開口部）を有する。取付け中のハンドリングのために、内側シェル部材５が縦方向の滑り棒２４を備えるのが好ましく、滑り棒２４上にて内側シェル部材をスライドさせて外側シェル４内に入れることができる。
Detailed Description of the Invention In Figures 1-3, a heat exchanger 1 comprising a heat exchanger shell assembly or structure 2 according to the invention is schematically shown. The heat exchanger shell assembly 2 includes an outer shell 4 and an inner shell member 5. The outer shell 4 has an inlet nozzle 8 (second nozzle) on the upper side thereof and an outlet nozzle 9 (first nozzle) on the lower side thereof. The inner shell member 5 extends in a cylindrical shape between the tube plate 12 and the floating head 14, thereby forming an intermediate space 16 together with the outer shell. The inner shell member has an inlet opening (second opening) 21 in the form of a plurality of holes around the upper side near the opposite end of the inlet nozzle 8 and an outlet opening below the same end. Part 23 (first opening) is included. For handling during installation, the inner shell member 5 is preferably provided with a longitudinal sliding bar 24 on which the inner shell member can be slid into the outer shell 4.
密封部材２５が中間空間１６に配置され、出口開口部２３と出口ノズル９との間で流体の密封通路２６を与える。 A sealing member 25 is disposed in the intermediate space 16 and provides a fluid sealing passage 26 between the outlet opening 23 and the outlet nozzle 9.
図１は密封部材２５を非常に概略的に示しているだけであり、図２及び３が最もよく示している。その基本的な構造は、外側シェルと内側シェル部材とに適合した弧状板２８から形成される。ハンドル３１は取付け中に密封部材を扱うのに役立つ。内側シェル部材は、出口２３の周りにて溶接された板３０を備え、密封部材の接触面を形成する。 FIG. 1 only shows the sealing member 25 very schematically, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are best shown. Its basic structure is formed from an arcuate plate 28 adapted to the outer shell and the inner shell member. The handle 31 serves to handle the sealing member during installation. The inner shell member comprises a plate 30 welded around the outlet 23 and forms the contact surface of the sealing member.
最適な密封のために、密封部材は上部及び下部ガスケットリング３２、３３を備え、これらのガスケットリング３２、３３は、密封部材の板２８に機械加工された円形の溝座に適当に配置される。適切なガスケット材料は、耐熱性が最大２５０℃のポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）である。１００％延伸ＰＴＦＥ（ｅ−ＰＴＦＥ）の多方向性ファイバー構造のＧｏｒｅ−Ｔｅｘ Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ ３００型を用いて良好な結果が得られた。この材料の温度範囲は−２４０℃〜＋２５０℃であり、許容ピーク温度は最大３１５℃である。３ｍｍ厚のＰＴＦＥテープを使用した。浮動ヘッド及びバッフルの密封のために、２ｍｍ厚の密封テープを使用した。ガスケットリングを置く前に、アルコールで座を掃除し、ガスケットを座の中に接着させた。 For optimum sealing, the sealing member comprises upper and lower gasket rings 32, 33, which are suitably arranged in a circular groove machined in the sealing member plate 28. . A suitable gasket material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with a heat resistance of up to 250 ° C. Good results have been obtained using Gore-Tex Series 300 with a 100% stretched PTFE (e-PTFE) multi-directional fiber structure. The temperature range of this material is -240 ° C to + 250 ° C, and the allowable peak temperature is 315 ° C maximum. A 3 mm thick PTFE tape was used. A 2 mm thick sealing tape was used to seal the floating head and baffle. Before placing the gasket ring, the seat was cleaned with alcohol and the gasket was glued into the seat.
このように、密封部材２５を配置して重力により密封する。内側シェルを持ち上げている間に密封部材２５を中間空間１６内にゆるく導入できる。密封力は、内側シェル部材により密封部材に働く重力によって得られ、密封部材をシェル４、５のどちらか一方に固定することなく密封が実現できる。密封部材を取り付けた後は、内側シェル部材は出口開口部２３の近くのスライドストリップ２４上に載っていない。 Thus, the sealing member 25 is arranged and sealed by gravity. The sealing member 25 can be loosely introduced into the intermediate space 16 while lifting the inner shell. The sealing force is obtained by gravity acting on the sealing member by the inner shell member, and sealing can be realized without fixing the sealing member to one of the shells 4 and 5. After installing the sealing member, the inner shell member is not resting on the slide strip 24 near the outlet opening 23.
内側シェル部材は管板１２から浮動ヘッド１６まで延びる管３５、３６を収容し、これらの管は密封部材を押圧する重量に寄与する。その重量は例えば１０００ｋｇを超える場合があり、例えば５０００ｋｇともなる。開口部３９を有する縦バッフル３８が、シェル側の２回通過の構成を得るのに役立つ。縦バッフルを機械的に取り付けるために、内側シェル部材を上部半シェルと下部半シェルとで構成でき、それらの間に縦バッフルを締め付ける。 The inner shell member contains tubes 35, 36 extending from the tube plate 12 to the floating head 16, and these tubes contribute to the weight pressing the sealing member. The weight may exceed 1000 kg, for example, and is as much as 5000 kg, for example. A vertical baffle 38 having an opening 39 helps to obtain a two-pass configuration on the shell side. To mechanically attach the vertical baffle, the inner shell member can be composed of an upper half shell and a lower half shell, with the vertical baffle being clamped therebetween.
次に熱交換器１の管側について見てみると、明確にするために数個の管３５、３６のみが示されている。熱交換器３１の管側を複数のドットで示す。この態様の管側は管通過２回の構成である。管側は管入口ヘッダー４３への入口４１を有する。管入口ヘッダーは管束の下の部分（管３６）と流体連通しており、管３６は浮動ヘッド１４に接続された管端板４４まで延び、浮動ヘッド１４は管束の上の部分（管３５）と流体連通しており、管３５は管出口ヘッダー４７中に延び、そこに管側の出口４９が配置される。管入口ヘッダー４３と管出口ヘッダー４７とは水平板５１により分離され、水平板５１は、外側シェル４の中心においてシェル端部から管を固定する管板１２まで水平に延びる。管板１２はフランジ（図示せず）によりシェルに固定され、このフランジによりシェルの入口端部を開いて内部構造物を挿入し又は取り出すことができる。浮動ヘッド１４近くの後端部にもフランジが配置され、それを通してシェルの端部分を取り出すことができる。 Looking now at the tube side of the heat exchanger 1, only a few tubes 35, 36 are shown for clarity. The tube side of the heat exchanger 31 is indicated by a plurality of dots. The tube side of this embodiment has a configuration of passing through the tube twice. The tube side has an inlet 41 to a tube inlet header 43. The tube inlet header is in fluid communication with the lower portion of the tube bundle (tube 36), which extends to the tube end plate 44 connected to the floating head 14, and the floating head 14 is in the upper portion of the tube bundle (tube 35). The tube 35 extends into a tube outlet header 47, where a tube side outlet 49 is disposed. The pipe inlet header 43 and the pipe outlet header 47 are separated by a horizontal plate 51, and the horizontal plate 51 extends horizontally from the end of the shell to the tube plate 12 that fixes the tube at the center of the outer shell 4. The tube sheet 12 is fixed to the shell by a flange (not shown), and the flange can open the inlet end of the shell to insert or remove the internal structure. A flange is also located at the rear end near the floating head 14 through which the end portion of the shell can be removed.
反対端部の管端板４４も管を固定するが、管板１２とは異なって、管端板４４とそれに接続される浮動ヘッド１４はシェル３４に連結されない、すなわち端部ヘッダーは浮いている。このことにより、シェル内で管の熱膨張が可能となる。すべての管流体を受け入れて分配する端部ヘッダーの代わりに、個別のＵ字管を用いることもできる。 The tube end plate 44 at the opposite end also fixes the tube, but unlike the tube plate 12, the tube end plate 44 and the floating head 14 connected thereto are not connected to the shell 34, ie the end header is floating. . This allows thermal expansion of the tube within the shell. Instead of an end header that receives and distributes all the tube fluid, a separate U-tube can be used.
管は複数の横バッフル６５により支持される。特に横バッフル６５はエキスパンデッドメタルのバッフルとしてもよいが、ロッド型バッフル又はその他のバッフルを用いることもできる。図２には、上半分において管３５を支持するエキスパンデッドメタルグリッド６６が図示されている。エキスパンデッドメタル構造の窓を通って延びると共に支持されている数個の管のみが示されている。好ましくは、下半分の管３６も同様に支持される。 The tube is supported by a plurality of lateral baffles 65. In particular, the lateral baffle 65 may be an expanded metal baffle, but a rod-type baffle or other baffles may also be used. FIG. 2 shows an expanded metal grid 66 that supports the tube 35 in the upper half. Only a few tubes are shown extending and supported through the expanded metal structure window. Preferably, the lower half tube 36 is supported as well.
次に、組み立てられた熱交換器１の通常運転を述べる。熱交換器が原油蒸留装置の原油予熱装置において用いられる場合、管側の流体を（低温の）原油とし、シェル側の流体を原油蒸留装置からの（高温の）長時間残留物とし得る。汚れる危険性がかなりあるこのような用途では、シェル側のエキスパンデッドメタルバッフルが汚れを抑制するので有利である。管側流体は入口４１及び管入口ヘッダー４３から管３６に沿って送られ、更に浮動ヘッド１４から管束の上部分に沿って出口ヘッダー４７及び出口４９に送られる。その通過中に、管側流体はシェル側流体との熱交換により加熱される。 Next, normal operation of the assembled heat exchanger 1 will be described. If the heat exchanger is used in a crude oil preheater of a crude distillation unit, the pipe side fluid may be (cold) crude and the shell side fluid may be a (hot) long term residue from the crude distillation unit. In such applications where there is a significant risk of soiling, the expanded metal baffle on the shell side is advantageous because it suppresses soiling. Tube side fluid is sent from the inlet 41 and the tube inlet header 43 along the tube 36 and further from the floating head 14 to the outlet header 47 and outlet 49 along the upper portion of the tube bundle. During the passage, the tube side fluid is heated by heat exchange with the shell side fluid.
高温のシェル側流体は入口ノズル８から外側シェル内に導入され、中間空間に沿って内側シェル部材の入口２１に向かって流れる。この入口は内側シェル部材の上部分の周りに分布した複数の穴から形成される。このようにして管３５の周りでのシェル流体の最適な分配が実現される。シェル側流体は管板１２に向かって流れ、開口部３９により向きを変えて出口２３に向かって流れ続ける。出口２３から、密封部材により形成された通路２６を通って出口ノズル９に送られ、その温度は入口ノズル８での温度よりも低い。 Hot shell side fluid is introduced into the outer shell from the inlet nozzle 8 and flows along the intermediate space toward the inlet 21 of the inner shell member. The inlet is formed from a plurality of holes distributed around the upper portion of the inner shell member. In this way, an optimal distribution of the shell fluid around the tube 35 is achieved. The shell side fluid flows toward the tube plate 12, changes its direction by the opening 39, and continues to flow toward the outlet 23. From the outlet 23, it is sent to the outlet nozzle 9 through a passage 26 formed by a sealing member, and its temperature is lower than the temperature at the inlet nozzle 8.
外側シェル４と内側シェル部材５との間の中間空間（環）の下半分が、流れない又は低速で流れるシェル流体により満たされる。この流体は管側入口温度の近くのどこかの温度を示す。密封部材は外側シェル４と内側シェル部材５とを相互連結しないので、それらは運転の最中に有する異なる温度に応じて異なって熱膨張し得る。 The lower half of the intermediate space (ring) between the outer shell 4 and the inner shell member 5 is filled with shell fluid that does not flow or flows at low speed. This fluid exhibits a temperature somewhere near the tube side inlet temperature. Since the sealing members do not interconnect the outer shell 4 and the inner shell member 5, they can thermally expand differently depending on the different temperatures they have during operation.
次に、図１の熱交換器シェル構造体２の組み立て方法を述べる。まず、管入口／出口ヘッダー及び浮動ヘッドの端部分を含まない外側シェルが用意され、好ましくは縦方向の両端部が開いている。改造の場合、元の熱交換器の外側シェルは維持され、新たな内部構造物、一般には管束と内部シェルが用意される。管板、入口／出口ヘッダー、浮動ヘッドは改修又は取替の必要があるかもしれない。好ましくは、開口部２３が出口ノズル９のちょうど上にくるまで、管束を含んだ内側シェル部材５を滑り棒２４上で滑らせて外側シェルの中に入れる。次に、密封部材を出口開口部２３と出口ノズル９との間の中間空間に送り込むことができるように、内側シェル部材を十分に持ち上げる。内側シェル部材を降ろすと、密封部材に作用する重力が密封力として働く。それから、フランジで端部分を取り付けることにより熱交換器を完成させることができる。 Next, a method for assembling the heat exchanger shell structure 2 of FIG. 1 will be described. First, an outer shell is provided that does not include the tube inlet / outlet header and the end portion of the floating head, preferably open at both longitudinal ends. In the case of a modification, the outer shell of the original heat exchanger is maintained and a new internal structure is provided, typically a bundle of tubes and an inner shell. Tube sheets, inlet / outlet headers, and floating heads may need to be modified or replaced. Preferably, the inner shell member 5 containing the tube bundle is slid onto the sliding rod 24 into the outer shell until the opening 23 is just above the outlet nozzle 9. Next, the inner shell member is sufficiently lifted so that the sealing member can be fed into the intermediate space between the outlet opening 23 and the outlet nozzle 9. When the inner shell member is lowered, the gravity acting on the sealing member acts as a sealing force. The heat exchanger can then be completed by attaching the end portion with a flange.
熱交換器を清掃しなければならない場合、逆の順序で分解し、清掃し、再度組み立てることができる。 If the heat exchanger has to be cleaned, it can be disassembled, cleaned and reassembled in the reverse order.
１…熱交換器
２…熱交換器シェルアセンブリ（熱交換器シェル構造体）
４…外側シェル
５…内側シェル部材
８…入口ノズル
９…出口ノズル
１２…管板
１４…浮動ヘッド
１６…中間空間
２１…入口開口部
２３…出口開口部
２５…密封部材
２６…密封通路
３２、３３…ガスケットリング
３５、３６…管
３８…縦バッフル
４１…入口
４３…管入口ヘッダー
４４…管端板
４７…管出口ヘッダー
４９…出口
５１…水平板
６５…横バッフル
６６…エキスパンデッドメタルグリッド
1 ... heat exchanger 2 ... heat exchanger shell assembly (heat exchanger shell structure)
4 ... Outer shell 5 ... Inner shell member 8 ... Inlet nozzle 9 ... Outlet nozzle 12 ... Tube plate 14 ... Floating head 16 ... Intermediate space 21 ... Inlet opening 23 ... Outlet opening 25 ... Sealing member 26 ... Sealing passages 32, 33 ... gasket rings 35, 36 ... pipe 38 ... vertical baffle 41 ... inlet 43 ... pipe inlet header 44 ... pipe end plate 47 ... pipe outlet header 49 ... outlet 51 ... horizontal plate 65 ... horizontal baffle 66 ... expanded metal grid
Claims (6)
前記外側シェル内に設けられ、前記外側シェルと中間空間を形成し、下側に開口部を有する内側シェル部材と；
を備え、前記中間空間に嵌め込まれるよう配置され前記開口部と前記ノズルとの間に流体用の密封通路を形成する密封部材を更に備える熱交換器シェルアセンブリ。 An outer shell having a nozzle on the lower side;
An inner shell member provided in the outer shell, forming an intermediate space with the outer shell, and having an opening on the lower side;
And a heat exchanger shell assembly further comprising a sealing member disposed to fit into the intermediate space and forming a fluid sealing passage between the opening and the nozzle.
前記外側シェルと共に中間空間を形成し且つ前記開口部が前記ノズルの上に位置するように前記内側シェル部材を前記外側シェル中に滑らせ；
前記外側シェル内において前記内側シェル部材を持ち上げておき；
密封部材を前記中間空間中に滑らせて前記開口部と前記ノズルとの間に流体用の通路を形成し；そして
前記密封部材に作用する重力が密封力として働くように前記内側シェル部材を降ろすことからなる熱交換器シェル構造体の組み立て方法。 Providing an outer shell having a nozzle on the lower side and an inner shell member having an opening;
Sliding the inner shell member into the outer shell such that an intermediate space is formed with the outer shell and the opening is located over the nozzle;
Lifting the inner shell member within the outer shell;
A sealing member is slid into the intermediate space to form a fluid passageway between the opening and the nozzle; and the inner shell member is lowered so that gravity acting on the sealing member acts as a sealing force A method of assembling a heat exchanger shell structure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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|---|---|---|---|
| EP07109296 | 2007-05-31 | ||
| PCT/EP2008/056487 WO2008145652A2 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-05-27 | Heat exchanger shell assembly and method of assembling |
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|---|---|
| JP2010528253A true JP2010528253A (en) | 2010-08-19 |
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| JP2010509805A Pending JP2010528253A (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-05-27 | Heat exchanger shell assembly and assembly method |
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| EP (1) | EP2156128B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2010528253A (en) |
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| PT (1) | PT2156128E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008145652A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200908090B (en) |
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| KR20210138955A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-22 | 한국원자력연구원 | Injection nozzle structure |
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| US8734618B2 (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2014-05-27 | Shell Oil Company | Apparatus |
| US9528777B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-12-27 | Dana Canada Corporation | Heat exchangers with floating headers |
| ES2426163B1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2014-09-02 | José Luis CORDÓN URBIOLA | Heat exchanger for boilers |
| CN103673734B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-09-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Heat exchanger |
| ES2821477T3 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2021-04-26 | Haldor Topsoe As | Special TEMA type BFU heat exchanger with real counter current |
| CN104406427A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 广西农垦糖业集团红河制糖有限公司 | Vertical shell and tube cooler for cooling sulfur dioxide gas |
| US10295266B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-05-21 | Holtec International | Tubular heat exchanger having multiple shell-side and tube-side fluid passes |
| KR102436657B1 (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2022-08-26 | 현대두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Heat exchanger for engine |
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- 2008-05-27 PL PL08760085T patent/PL2156128T3/en unknown
- 2008-05-27 CA CA002688713A patent/CA2688713A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-05-27 KR KR1020097026601A patent/KR20100029215A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-05-27 MY MYPI20095007 patent/MY151638A/en unknown
- 2008-05-27 AT AT08760085T patent/ATE552470T1/en active
- 2008-05-27 EP EP08760085A patent/EP2156128B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-05-27 US US12/601,325 patent/US20100282450A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-05-27 EA EA200901643A patent/EA016175B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-05-27 NZ NZ582155A patent/NZ582155A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-05-27 WO PCT/EP2008/056487 patent/WO2008145652A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-05-27 JP JP2010509805A patent/JP2010528253A/en active Pending
- 2008-05-27 CN CN2008800178401A patent/CN101680720B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-05-27 MX MX2009012833A patent/MX2009012833A/en unknown
- 2008-05-27 BR BRPI0812266-0A2A patent/BRPI0812266A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-05-27 ES ES08760085T patent/ES2381609T3/en active Active
- 2008-05-27 AU AU2008257595A patent/AU2008257595B2/en not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20100029215A (en) | 2010-03-16 |
| MY151638A (en) | 2014-06-30 |
| EP2156128A2 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| ES2381609T3 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
| PT2156128E (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN101680720B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
| EP2156128B1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| WO2008145652A2 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
| NZ582155A (en) | 2011-11-25 |
| EA016175B1 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
| DK2156128T3 (en) | 2012-05-07 |
| EA200901643A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
| ATE552470T1 (en) | 2012-04-15 |
| MX2009012833A (en) | 2009-12-11 |
| US20100282450A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
| AU2008257595B2 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
| WO2008145652A3 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
| CA2688713A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
| AU2008257595A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
| PL2156128T3 (en) | 2012-09-28 |
| ZA200908090B (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| BRPI0812266A2 (en) | 2014-12-23 |
| CN101680720A (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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