JP2010287443A - Fuse - Google Patents

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JP2010287443A
JP2010287443A JP2009140644A JP2009140644A JP2010287443A JP 2010287443 A JP2010287443 A JP 2010287443A JP 2009140644 A JP2009140644 A JP 2009140644A JP 2009140644 A JP2009140644 A JP 2009140644A JP 2010287443 A JP2010287443 A JP 2010287443A
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fuse
conductor element
current
metal plate
plate
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Yusuke Matsumoto
裕介 松本
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Yazaki Corp
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Yazaki Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuse for improving its durability performance, as to one with a low-melting-point metal chip, without melting low-melting-point metal by improving radiant heat against a repetitive durable waveform of locking current at a middle current range such as a duty cycle and maintaining fusion characteristics equal to a present fuse at large- and low-current ranges. <P>SOLUTION: In the fuse 10 consisting of a metal plate-shaped conductor element having a middle-current melting section 10M formed by mounting a low-melting-point metal chip 10T approximately at a center of the metal plate-shaped conductor element, a large-current melting section 10B formed on both ends of the middle-current melting section 10M, and a conductive section 10D formed in connection with the large-current melting section 10B, black paint 10C is applied to the surface of the plate-shaped conductor element excluding the middle-current melting section 10M. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、自動車の電気回路に組み込まれるヒューズに関し、特に、中・低電流域での負荷サイクルに対して溶断することなくその耐久性能を向上させることができかつ大電流（過電流）域での溶断特性を確実にして接続電線の発煙保護性を向上させることができるヒューズに関する。   The present invention relates to a fuse incorporated in an electric circuit of an automobile, and in particular, can improve its durability performance without fusing with respect to a duty cycle in a middle / low current region and in a large current (overcurrent) region. It is related with the fuse which can improve the fuming protection property of a connection electric wire by ensuring the fusing characteristic of this.

自動車の電気回路に組み込まれる従来のヒューズの場合、頻繁に発生するモータロック電流である定格の２００％程度の電流が短かい時間で流れ、かつ、これが繰返された場合、比較的早いサイクルで溶断し、耐久性に劣るという問題点があった。   In the case of a conventional fuse incorporated in an electric circuit of an automobile, a current of about 200% of the rated value, which is a frequently generated motor lock current, flows in a short time, and if this is repeated, it blows at a relatively fast cycle. However, there was a problem that it was inferior in durability.

例えば、自動車ドアのパワウインド開閉の際は、モータロック電流として短かい時間（例えば１０ｓｅｃ）で、定格の２倍程度の中電流域の電流が流れ、これが頻繁に繰返されるが、このような場合ヒューズは切れるべきではない。
この種のヒューズには従来より２つのタイプがある。
１つは可溶金属導体の溶断部に低融点金属チップを乗せてなるヒューズであり、もう１つは一対のメス端子間をつなぐ細幅状エレメント部の中央に幅狭の溶断部を挟んでなるヒューズである。 For example, when opening and closing the power window of an automobile door, a current in the middle current region about twice the rating flows in a short time (for example, 10 sec) as the motor lock current, and this is frequently repeated. The fuse should not blow.
There are two types of fuses of this type.
One is a fuse in which a low melting point metal chip is placed on the melted part of a fusible metal conductor, and the other is a narrow melted part sandwiched in the center of a narrow element part connecting a pair of female terminals. It is a fuse.

特開平５−１６６４５３号公報JP-A-5-166453 特開平９−０９７５５７号公報JP-A-9-097557

〈従来の「低融点金属チップ」つきヒューズ〉
特許文献１には、可溶金属導体の溶断部に低融点金属チップを乗せてなるヒューズが記載されている。図５はこのタイプのヒューズ５０の斜視図である。
図５において、５０Ａは線状に押出し成形後に切断して数本まとめて成る低融点金属チップ、５０Ｂは板状の可溶金属導体としてのエレメントであり、５０Ａと５０Ｂの両者によりヒューズ５０が構成される。エレメント５０Ｂは接続されるべき配線用電線の断面積より小さな断面積（例えば０．３ｍｍ2）の可溶部５３を有し、この両端において図で直角に下方に曲る平形端子５２、５２を有している。端子５２、５２はジャンクションブロック又はコネクタハウジング等に取付けられる穴５５、５５を備えている。チップ５０Ａはエレメント５０Ｂの可溶部５３に乗せられ、一体に両側に突出する耳部５４、５４により可溶部５３に加締められ取付けられている。
エレメントである可溶金属導体５０Ｂの材質は、母材が導電線と同じ材質で銅（Ｃｕ）の合金である。即ち、ＣｕにＦｅ及びＰなどを若干含むＣｕ合金である。
また、低融点金属チップ５０Ａの材質はＣｕとＣｕより融点の低い錫（Ｓｎ）との合金からなっている。 <Conventional fuse with low melting point metal chip>
Patent Document 1 describes a fuse in which a low melting point metal chip is placed on a melted portion of a fusible metal conductor. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fuse 50 of this type.
In FIG. 5, 50A is a low melting point metal chip formed by extruding into a linear shape and cut together and 50B is an element as a plate-like soluble metal conductor, and the fuse 50 is constituted by both 50A and 50B. Is done. The element 50B has a fusible portion 53 having a smaller cross-sectional area (for example, 0.3 mm 2 ) than the cross-sectional area of the wiring wire to be connected, and flat terminals 52, 52 bent downward at right angles in the figure at both ends. Have. The terminals 52 and 52 are provided with holes 55 and 55 attached to a junction block or a connector housing. The chip 50A is placed on the fusible part 53 of the element 50B, and is crimped and attached to the fusible part 53 by ear parts 54, 54 protruding integrally on both sides.
The material of the fusible metal conductor 50B, which is an element, is a copper (Cu) alloy whose base material is the same material as the conductive wire. That is, it is a Cu alloy that contains some Fe and P in Cu.
The material of the low melting point metal tip 50A is made of an alloy of Cu and tin (Sn) having a melting point lower than that of Cu.

〈従来のヒューズ５０の長所〉
以上のように、可溶金属導体の母材と同一材質の金属であるＣｕが低融点金属Ｓｎのチップ中に含まれているため、導体の母材Ｃｕはチップ中の小量のＣｕの存在により、チップＳｎへの侵食・拡散がチップ中の小量のＣｕの作用時間及びその量だけ遅れ、抑制されるもので、従って、中低電流域での負荷サイクルにおいて発熱温度３００℃位までは早期にヒューズ溶断を生ぜず、耐久性が向上したものとなる。また、３００℃を越える大電流域、即ち異常電流が流れた場合は、チップ５０Ａ中のＣｕが小量であるためただちに低融点金属Ｓｎのチップ５０Ａが溶け、この溶けたＳｎに可溶部５３のＣｕが侵食拡散し、このＣｕ−Ｓｎの侵食拡散作用により可溶部５３が切断し、Ｃｕの融点より低い温度でヒューズを溶断させるというものである。 <Advantages of the conventional fuse 50>
As described above, Cu, which is a metal of the same material as the base material of the fusible metal conductor, is contained in the chip of the low melting point metal Sn, so that the base material Cu of the conductor is the presence of a small amount of Cu in the chip. Thus, the erosion / diffusion of the chip Sn is delayed and suppressed by the action time and the amount of the small amount of Cu in the chip. Therefore, the heat generation temperature is up to about 300 ° C. in the load cycle in the middle and low current range. The fuse is not blown early and the durability is improved. Further, when a large current region exceeding 300 ° C., that is, when an abnormal current flows, the chip 50A of the low melting point metal Sn immediately melts because the amount of Cu in the chip 50A is small, and the soluble portion 53 is dissolved in the melted Sn. Cu is eroded and diffused, and the soluble portion 53 is cut by the erosion and diffusion action of Cu—Sn, and the fuse is blown at a temperature lower than the melting point of Cu.

〈従来の「幅狭の溶断部」つきヒューズ〉
また、引用文献２には、従来の幅狭の溶断部つきヒューズが記載されている。
図６はこのタイプのヒューズ６０の斜視図である。
図６に示すように、このヒューズエレメント６０は一対のメス端子６１Ａ、６１Ｂの上端部間をつなぐ細幅状エレメント部６２の中央の溶断部６３を挟んで、その両側に、幅狭の短い渡し６４を介してウィング６５を一枚の導電板の打ち抜きにより形成したものである。ウィング６５は予想される蓄熱量の大きさに応じて幾重にも折り畳むことで調整できる。 <Conventional fuse with "narrow fusing part">
Further, cited document 2 describes a conventional fuse with a narrow fusing part.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a fuse 60 of this type.
As shown in FIG. 6, the fuse element 60 has a narrow and short cross between both sides of a fusing part 63 at the center of the narrow element part 62 that connects the upper ends of the pair of female terminals 61A and 61B. A wing 65 is formed by punching one conductive plate through 64. The wing 65 can be adjusted by folding several times according to the expected amount of heat storage.

〈従来のヒューズ６０の長所〉
このタイプのヒューズ６０においては、上述の構成により、過電流の初期においてはウイング６５により熱が吸収され蓄熱されるので、負荷サイクルにおいて細幅状エレメント部６２の中央溶断部６３が直ちに溶断することがなくなる。 <Advantages of the conventional fuse 60>
In this type of fuse 60, heat is absorbed and stored by the wings 65 in the initial stage of overcurrent due to the above-described configuration, so that the central fusing portion 63 of the narrow element portion 62 is immediately blown out during a duty cycle. Disappears.

低融点金属チップつきヒューズの課題は、大電流域・低電流域での溶断特性を現行ヒューズと同様に維持して、中電流域での負荷サイクルに対して早く溶断することなく、その耐久性能を向上させなくてはならないこと、であった。
また、低融点金属チップのないヒューズの課題は、大電流域での溶断特性を現行と同様に維持して、接続電線の発煙保護性を達成すること、すなわち、電線接続部（導電部）への熱影響を減少させ、周囲部品への熱影響を減少させなければならないことである。言い換えれば、後述の「電線発煙特性」を超えないようにして電線保護領域を拡大することである。 The problem with fuses with low melting point metal chips is that they maintain the blowing characteristics in the large current range and low current range in the same way as current fuses, and do not blow out quickly against the load cycle in the medium current range. It was to be improved.
Also, the problem with fuses without low melting point metal chips is to maintain the fusing characteristics in the large current range as before and to achieve the fumes protection of the connected wires, that is, to the wire connection part (conductive part) It is necessary to reduce the heat effect on the surrounding parts. In other words, the wire protection area is expanded without exceeding the “wire smoke generation characteristics” described later.

本発明は、これらの課題を解決するためになされたもので、低融点金属チップつきヒューズにあっては、中電流域での負荷サイクルに対して早く溶断することなく、その耐久性能を向上させることのできるようにし、また、低融点金属チップのないヒューズにあっては、接続電線の発煙保護性が確実となるようなヒューズを提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and in a fuse with a low-melting point metal chip, its durability is improved without fusing quickly against a load cycle in a medium current range. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuse that can ensure the smoke-proofing property of a connecting wire in a fuse without a low melting point metal chip.

上記課題を解決するため、本願第１発明に係る板状導体エレメントのヒューズは、金属製板状導体エレメントの略中央に低融点金属チップを搭載して成る中電流溶断部と、前記中電流溶断部の両端部位に形成される大電流溶断部と、前記大電流溶断部に繋がって形成される導電部と、を備えた金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズにおいて、前記中電流溶断部を除く前記板状導体エレメントの表面（ひょうめん）に黒色塗料を塗布したことを特徴としている。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a fuse of a plate-like conductor element according to the first invention of the present application is a medium-current fusing portion in which a low melting point metal chip is mounted substantially in the center of a metal plate-like conductor element, and the medium-current fusing A fuse composed of a metal plate-like conductor element provided with a large current blown portion formed at both ends of the portion and a conductive portion connected to the large current blown portion, excluding the medium current blown portion A black paint is applied to the surface of the plate-like conductor element.

本願第２発明に係る板状導体エレメントのヒューズは、金属製板状導体エレメントの略中央の幅狭部から成る大中電流溶断部と、前記大中電流溶断部の両端部位に形成される導電部と、を備えた金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズにおいて、前記大中電流溶断部を除く前記板状導体エレメントの表面（ひょうめん）に黒色塗料を塗布したことを特徴としている。   The fuse of the plate-like conductor element according to the second invention of the present application is a large-medium current fusing portion composed of a narrow portion at the substantially center of the metal plate-like conductor element, and a conductive material formed at both ends of the large-medium current fusing portion. In the fuse composed of a metal plate-like conductor element provided with a portion, a black paint is applied to the surface (hymen) of the plate-like conductor element excluding the large and middle current fusing portion.

また、本願第３発明に係るヒューズは、前記第１又は第２発明において、前記黒色塗料が前記板状導体エレメントの表（おもて）面又は裏面、又はその両面に塗布されたことを特徴としている。   The fuse according to the third invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the black paint is applied to a front surface or a back surface of the plate-like conductor element, or both surfaces thereof. It is said.

さらに、本願第４発明に係るヒューズは、前記第１〜第３発明のいずれかにおいて、前記黒色塗料が炭素繊維であることを特徴としている。   Furthermore, the fuse according to the fourth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in any of the first to third inventions, the black paint is carbon fiber.

そして、本願第５発明に係るヒューズは、前記第１〜第４発明のいずれかにおいて、定格値に合わせて前記黒色塗料に抵抗値をチューニングすることを特徴としている。   The fuse according to the fifth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in any of the first to fourth inventions, a resistance value of the black paint is tuned in accordance with a rated value.

〈中電流域での負荷サイクル効果〉
上記構成により、低融点金属チップつきヒューズにあっては、黒色塗料が塗布されたことで、負荷サイクルなどの中電流域でのロック電流などの繰り返しの耐久波形に対して放射熱向上させることで低融点金属を溶断することなく、その耐久性能を向上させることができ、しかも大電流域および低電流域では溶断特性を現行ヒューズと同様に維持させることができる。
〈発煙保護性の向上効果〉
また、低融点金属チップのないヒューズにあっては、黒色塗料が塗布されたことで、放射により放熱性が良くなり、したがって抵抗値を上げ、中電流域以下で溶断特性を改善し、電線の保護領域を拡大し、しかも繰り返し耐久性能は劣化させないようにできる。
〈炭素繊維の効果〉
さらに、黒色塗料として炭素繊維を塗布されたことで熱導伝率が高くなり発煙保護性や、さらに電線接続部への熱影響の減少を著しく向上することができる。
〈抵抗値のチューニング効果〉
そして、定格値に合わせて黒色塗料に抵抗値をチューニングすることで特性を変えることができる。 <Duty cycle effect in the middle current range>
With the above configuration, in the fuse with a low melting point metal chip, by applying the black paint, it is possible to improve the radiant heat against repeated endurance waveforms such as lock current in the middle current range such as duty cycle. The durability of the low melting point metal can be improved without fusing, and the fusing characteristics can be maintained in the large current region and the low current region in the same manner as the current fuse.
<Improvement of smoke protection>
Also, in the case of fuses without low melting point metal chips, the black paint is applied to improve the heat dissipation by radiation, thus increasing the resistance value, improving the fusing characteristics below the middle current range, The protection area can be enlarged and the durability can be prevented from deteriorating repeatedly.
<Effect of carbon fiber>
Furthermore, since carbon fiber is applied as a black paint, the thermal conductivity is increased, so that smoke protection and further reduction of the thermal influence on the electric wire connecting portion can be remarkably improved.
<Tuning effect of resistance value>
The characteristics can be changed by tuning the resistance value of the black paint according to the rated value.

図１は実施例１に係る低融点金属チップつきヒューズで、（ａ）は表側、（ｂ）は裏側である。FIG. 1 shows a fuse with a low melting point metal chip according to the first embodiment, where (a) is the front side and (b) is the back side. 図２は本発明の実施例１に係るヒューズと従来ヒューズのそれぞれの通電値対溶断時間を示す溶断特性線図である。FIG. 2 is a fusing characteristic diagram showing current values versus fusing time of the fuse according to Example 1 of the present invention and the conventional fuse. 図３は実施例２に係るヒューズで、（ａ）は表側、（ｂ）は裏側である。FIG. 3 shows a fuse according to the second embodiment, where (a) is the front side and (b) is the back side. 図４は本発明の実施例２に係るヒューズと従来ヒューズのそれぞれの通電値対溶断時間を示す溶断特性線図である。FIG. 4 is a fusing characteristic diagram showing current values versus fusing time of the fuse according to Example 2 of the present invention and the conventional fuse. 図５は特許文献１に記載された可溶金属導体の溶断部に低融点金属チップを乗せてなるタイプのヒューズの斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fuse of a type in which a low melting point metal chip is placed on the melted portion of a fusible metal conductor described in Patent Document 1. 図６は特許文献２に記載された幅狭の溶断部つきヒューズの斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a fuse with a narrow fusing part described in Patent Document 2. FIG. 図７は実施例１で使用する金属製の板状導体エレメントの斜視図で、（ａ）は低融点金属チップの搭載側（表側）、（ｂ）は裏側である。7A and 7B are perspective views of a metal plate-like conductor element used in Example 1. FIG. 7A is a mounting side (front side) of a low melting point metal chip, and FIG. 7B is a back side. 図８は実施例２が使用する金属製の板状導体エレメントの斜視図で、（ａ）は表側、（ｂ）は裏側である。FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a metal plate-like conductor element used in Example 2, where (a) is a front side and (b) is a back side.

以下、本発明に係るヒューズの最良の実施形態について図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the fuse according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

〈実施例１が使用する板状導体エレメント〉
図７は実施例１が使用する板状導体エレメント１０’の斜視図で、（ａ）は低融点金属チップの搭載側（表側）、（ｂ）は裏側である。
図７において、板状導体エレメント１０’は低融点金属チップ１０Ｔを搭載する中低電流域溶断部１０Ｍと、中低電流域溶断部１０Ｍに両方から繋がる大電流域溶断部１０Ｂ、１０Ｂと、それぞれ大電流域溶断部１０Ｂ、１０Ｂに繋がる導電部１０Ｄ（図で右側の導電部が１０ＤＲ、左側の導電部が１０ＤＬ）で構成されている。その中低電流域溶断部１０Ｍの両側に耳部１０Ｅ、１０Ｅが立設され、低融点金属チップ１０Ｔを両耳部１０Ｅ、１０Ｅの間に挟んで加締めて固定される。
エレメントである可溶金属導体５０Ｂの材質は、母材が導電線と同じ材質で銅（Ｃｕ）の合金である。即ち、ＣｕにＦｅ及びＰなどを若干含むＣｕ合金である。
また、低融点金属チップ５０Ａの材質はＣｕとＣｕより融点の低い錫（Ｓｎ）との合金からなっている。中低電流域溶断部１０Ｍは低融点金属チップ１０Ｔの拡散化による合金部である。 <Plate-shaped conductor element used in Example 1>
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the plate-like conductor element 10 ′ used in Example 1, where (a) is a low melting point metal chip mounting side (front side), and (b) is a back side.
In FIG. 7, the plate-like conductor element 10 ′ includes a medium / low current region fusing part 10 </ b> M on which the low melting point metal chip 10 </ b> T is mounted, and a large current region fusing part 10 </ b> B and 10 </ b> B connected from both to the medium / low current region fusing part 10 </ b> M, It is composed of a conductive part 10D (the conductive part on the right side is 10DR and the conductive part on the left side is 10DL in the figure) connected to the large current region fusing parts 10B, 10B. Ear portions 10E and 10E are erected on both sides of the middle and low current region fusing portion 10M, and the low melting point metal tip 10T is sandwiched between both ear portions 10E and 10E and fixed by crimping.
The material of the fusible metal conductor 50B, which is an element, is a copper (Cu) alloy whose base material is the same material as the conductive wire. That is, it is a Cu alloy that contains some Fe and P in Cu.
The material of the low melting point metal tip 50A is made of an alloy of Cu and tin (Sn) having a melting point lower than that of Cu. The middle / low current region fusing part 10M is an alloy part formed by diffusion of the low melting point metal tip 10T.

〈実施例１に係る低融点金属チップつきヒューズ〉
図１は実施例１に係る低融点金属チップつきヒューズで、（ａ）は表側、（ｂ）は裏側である。このヒューズ１０は、炭素繊維で構成される黒色塗料１０Ｃを図７の板状導体エレメント１０’に塗布して成るものである。黒色塗料１０Ｃは図１のサークル１０Ｈ、１０Ｈで囲った部分（すなわち、板状導体エレメント１０’の中央の中低電流域溶断部１０Ｍを除く全域）の表側および裏側にそれぞれ塗布されている。塗布の方法はスプレー等の塗布によりエレメント表面に炭素繊維を付着させ、付着させたくない部位には予めマスキングを施しておけばよい。 <Fuse with Low Melting Point Metal Chip According to Example 1>
FIG. 1 shows a fuse with a low melting point metal chip according to the first embodiment, where (a) is the front side and (b) is the back side. The fuse 10 is formed by applying a black paint 10C made of carbon fiber to the plate-like conductor element 10 'shown in FIG. The black paint 10C is applied to the front side and the back side of the portions surrounded by the circles 10H and 10H in FIG. 1 (that is, the entire region excluding the middle / low current region fusing portion 10M in the center of the plate-like conductor element 10 ′). As a coating method, carbon fibers are attached to the surface of the element by application such as spraying, and masking may be performed in advance on a portion that is not desired to be attached.

〈ヒューズ１０の作用〉
このように図１のヒューズ１０は熱導伝率の高い炭素繊維１０Ｃが塗布されたことで、板状導体エレメントに熱放射面が形成され、ヒューズエレメントで発熱される熱量は熱導伝率の高い金属から熱導伝率の高い放射面に伝わり易くなり、しかも放射面が黒色であるため金属表面の放射率（０．０５〜０．３）よりも高く、放射率は１に近い値となる。
例えば、金属表面の放射率が０．３の場合、銅合金の融点である１０００℃に達するのに６０秒かかったとき、金属表面の放射率が０．９の場合にはヒューズエレメントから熱が放散されるため、同じ条件下で銅合金の融点である１０００℃に達するのに７８秒もかかり、約２０秒程度も遅延することが確認できた。
このように熱溶断部以外の炭素繊維１０Ｃから盛んに熱放射することで、溶断部以外の周囲の温度が大きく下がり、これにより溶断部の温度も下がるので現行よりも低融点金属の拡散を抑え、耐久性を向上させることができ、負荷サイクルに対して溶断しにくくなる。 <Operation of fuse 10>
1 is coated with carbon fiber 10C having a high thermal conductivity, a heat radiation surface is formed on the plate-like conductor element, and the amount of heat generated by the fuse element is equal to the thermal conductivity. It is easy to be transmitted from a high metal to a radiation surface with high thermal conductivity, and since the radiation surface is black, it is higher than the emissivity (0.05 to 0.3) of the metal surface, and the emissivity is close to 1. Become.
For example, when the emissivity of the metal surface is 0.3, it takes 60 seconds to reach the melting point of the copper alloy, which is 1000 ° C. When the emissivity of the metal surface is 0.9, the heat is generated from the fuse element. Since it was diffused, it took 78 seconds to reach 1000 ° C., which is the melting point of the copper alloy under the same conditions, and it was confirmed that there was a delay of about 20 seconds.
In this way, by actively radiating heat from the carbon fiber 10C other than the thermal fusing part, the ambient temperature other than the fusing part is greatly lowered, thereby lowering the temperature of the fusing part, so that the diffusion of the low melting point metal is suppressed compared to the current. Durability can be improved and it becomes difficult to blow out with respect to a duty cycle.

〈ヒューズ１０の効果〉
このように実施例１に係るヒューズは熱導伝率の高い炭素繊維が塗布されたことで、現行ヒューズと同じく大電流域、低電流域での溶断特性は損なわず、中電流域での耐久特性を向上する中電流域でのロック電流などの繰り返しの耐久波形に対して現行ヒューズよりも放射熱が向上していることである。このように放射熱を向上させることで、低融点金属の拡散を抑え、耐久性を向上させることができた。 <Effect of fuse 10>
As described above, the fuse according to Example 1 is coated with the carbon fiber having high thermal conductivity, so that the fusing characteristics in the large current region and the low current region are not impaired as in the current fuse, and the durability in the middle current region is maintained. The radiant heat is improved over the current fuse for repeated endurance waveforms such as a lock current in the middle current region that improves the characteristics. By improving the radiant heat in this way, it was possible to suppress the diffusion of the low melting point metal and improve the durability.

〈図２の線図の説明〉
図２は低融点金属を備えた本発明の実施例１に係るヒューズ１０（図１）と従来のヒューズ５０（図５）のそれぞれの通電値（単位：アンペア）対溶断までの時間（単位：秒）の溶断特性線図である。細線で従来のヒューズ５０の溶断特性を、実線で実施例１に係る低融点金属を備えたヒューズ１０の溶断特性を、そして点線で電線発煙特性をそれぞれ示してる。「自動車部品−低圧電線における限界過電流容量」についてのＪＡＳＯ（自動車技術者協会規格）Ｄ６０９によれば、「限界電流」とは「外部要因などが原因で、電線に一時的に許容電流を超えて通電があった場合、その通電時間に応じて定まる過電流の限界値」と定義されており、「通電時間」は「絶縁体が発煙する時」とされている。したがって、限界過電流容量と通電時間との特性をグラフ化したものが、発煙特性となる。
図２から判ることは、低融点金属を備えた本発明の実施例１に係るヒューズは現行ヒューズと同じく大電流域、低電流域での溶断特性は損なわず、中電流域での耐久特性を向上する中電流域でのロック電流などの繰り返しの耐久波形に対して現行ヒューズよりも放射熱が向上していることである。このように中電流域でのロック電流などの繰り返しの耐久波形に対して放射熱を向上させることで、低融点金属の拡散をおさえ耐久性を向上させることができる。 <Explanation of diagram in FIG. 2>
FIG. 2 shows current values (unit: amperes) vs. time (unit: amperage) of the fuse 10 (FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment of the present invention including a low melting point metal and the conventional fuse 50 (FIG. 5). 2) is a fusing characteristic diagram. The thin line shows the fusing characteristics of the conventional fuse 50, the solid line shows the fusing characteristics of the fuse 10 having the low melting point metal according to Example 1, and the dotted line shows the electric wire smoke characteristics. According to JASO (Automotive Engineers Association Standard) D609 on “Automotive Parts – Limiting Overcurrent Capacity in Low-Voltage Electric Wires”, “Limiting current” means that “the electric wire temporarily exceeds the allowable current due to external factors. In this case, it is defined as an overcurrent limit value determined according to the energization time. The “energization time” is defined as “when the insulator smokes”. Therefore, a graph of the characteristics of the limit overcurrent capacity and the energization time is the smoke generation characteristic.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the fuse according to the first embodiment of the present invention having a low melting point metal does not impair the fusing characteristics in the large current region and the low current region as in the current fuse, and has the durability property in the middle current region. The radiant heat is improved over the current fuse for repeated endurance waveforms such as an improved lock current in the middle current region. In this way, by improving the radiant heat against repeated endurance waveforms such as a lock current in the middle current region, the diffusion of the low melting point metal can be suppressed and the endurance can be improved.

〈実施例２が使用する板状導体エレメント〉
図８は実施例２が使用する金属製の板状導体エレメント３０’の斜視図で、（ａ）は表側、（ｂ）は裏側である。
図８において、板状導体エレメント３０’は電流の流れ方向に対して直角方向の幅が狭くなっている大中低電流域溶断部３０Ｂとこの大中低電流域溶断部３０Ｂにそれぞれ繋がる幅広の導電部３０Ｄ（図８（ａ）で右側の導電部が３０ＤＲ、左側の導電部が３０ＤＬ）で構成されている。幅広の導電部３０Ｄから通電される電流に対して大中低電流域溶断部３０Ｂは幅が狭くなっているので発熱量が大きい箇所となっている。なお、図では導電部３０ＤＲと導電部３０ＤＬは大中低電流域溶断部３０Ｂに対して線対称に形成されているので、表側および裏側共に同じ形状となっている。 <Plate-shaped conductor element used in Example 2>
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a metal plate-like conductor element 30 ′ used in Example 2, where (a) is the front side and (b) is the back side.
In FIG. 8, the plate-like conductor element 30 ′ has a large, medium and low current region fusing portion 30 </ b> B whose width in the direction perpendicular to the current flow direction is narrow, and a wide width connected to the large, middle and low current region fusing portion 30 </ b> B. The conductive portion 30D (in FIG. 8A, the right conductive portion is 30DR and the left conductive portion is 30DL). The large / medium / low current region fusing part 30B is narrow in width with respect to the current supplied from the wide conductive part 30D, so that the amount of heat generation is large. In the figure, the conductive portion 30DR and the conductive portion 30DL are formed symmetrically with respect to the large, medium, and low current region fusing portion 30B, and therefore have the same shape on both the front side and the back side.

〈実施例２に係るヒューズ〉
図３は実施例２に係るヒューズで、（ａ）は表側、（ｂ）は裏側である。
このヒューズ３０は、炭素繊維で構成される黒色塗料３０Ｃを図８の板状導体エレメント３０’に塗布して成るものである。黒色塗料３０Ｃは図３のサークル３０Ｈ、３０Ｈで囲った部分（すなわち、板状導体エレメント３０’の中央の大中低電流域溶断部３０Ｂを除く全域）の表側および裏側にそれぞれ塗布されている。塗布の方法はスプレー等の塗布によりエレメント表面に炭素繊維を付着させ、付着させたくない部位には予めマスキングを施しておけばよい。 <Fuse according to Example 2>
FIG. 3 shows a fuse according to the second embodiment, where (a) is the front side and (b) is the back side.
The fuse 30 is formed by applying a black paint 30C made of carbon fiber to the plate-like conductor element 30 ′ shown in FIG. The black paint 30C is applied to the front side and the back side of the portions surrounded by the circles 30H and 30H in FIG. 3 (that is, the entire region excluding the large, middle, and low current region melted portion 30B at the center of the plate-like conductor element 30 ′). As a coating method, carbon fibers are attached to the surface of the element by application such as spraying, and masking may be performed in advance on a portion that is not desired to be attached.

〈ヒューズ３０の作用〉
このように図３のヒューズ３０は熱導伝率の高い炭素繊維３０Ｃが塗布されたことで、板状導体エレメントに熱放射面が形成され、ヒューズエレメントで発熱される熱量は熱導伝率の高い金属から熱導伝率の高い放射面に伝わり易くなり、しかも放射面が黒色であるため金属表面の放射率（０．０５〜０．３）よりも高く、放射率は１に近い値となる。
このように熱溶断部以外から熱放射することで放熱性が良くなり、したがって抵抗値を上げ、中電流域以下で溶断特性を改善し、電線の保護領域を拡大できた。 <Operation of fuse 30>
3 is coated with carbon fiber 30C having a high thermal conductivity, a heat radiation surface is formed on the plate-like conductor element, and the amount of heat generated by the fuse element has a thermal conductivity. It is easy to be transmitted from a high metal to a radiation surface with high thermal conductivity, and since the radiation surface is black, it is higher than the emissivity (0.05 to 0.3) of the metal surface, and the emissivity is close to 1. Become.
Thus, heat radiation was improved by radiating heat from other than the thermal fusing part, and thus the resistance value was increased, the fusing characteristics were improved below the middle current range, and the protection area of the electric wire could be expanded.

〈ヒューズ３０の効果〉
このように実施例２に係るヒューズ３０は熱導伝率の高い炭素繊維３０Ｃが塗布されたことで、放射により放熱性が良くなり、したがって抵抗値を上げ、中電流域以下で溶断特性を改善し、電線の保護領域を拡大できる。しかも抵抗値のチューニングによって電線発煙特性を超えないようにしているので繰り返し耐久性能は劣化させないようにできた。 <Effect of fuse 30>
As described above, the fuse 30 according to the second embodiment is coated with the carbon fiber 30C having a high thermal conductivity, so that the heat dissipation is improved by radiation, so that the resistance value is increased and the fusing characteristics are improved in the middle current range or lower. Thus, the protection area of the electric wire can be expanded. In addition, the resistance value is tuned so as not to exceed the electric wire smoke generation characteristics, so that the repeated durability performance is not deteriorated.

〈図４の線図の説明〉
図４は低融点金属を備えないタイプの本発明の実施例２に係るヒューズ３０（図３）と従来のヒューズ６０（図６）のそれぞれの通電値（単位：アンペア）対溶断までの時間（単位：秒）の溶断特性線図である。細線で従来のヒューズ６０の溶断特性を、実線で実施例２に係る低融点金属を備えないタイプのヒューズ３０の溶断特性を、そして点線で電線発煙特性をそれぞれ示している。
図４から判ることは、低融点金属のないタイプのヒューズは熱導伝率の高い炭素繊維が塗布されたことで放射により放熱性が良くなり、したがって抵抗値を上げ、中電流域以下で溶断特性を改善し、電線の保護領域を拡大していることであり、しかも電線発煙特性を超えないようにしているので繰り返し耐久性能は劣化させない。この場合、放熱面に単に黒色塗料を塗って放熱特性を上げると通電電流が上昇するが、定格値に合わせて抵抗値をチューニングすることによって特性を変えている。 <Explanation of diagram of FIG. 4>
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a time period (unit: ampere) versus fusing of each of the fuse 30 (FIG. 3) and the conventional fuse 60 (FIG. 6) according to the second embodiment of the present invention that does not include a low melting point metal. It is a fusing characteristic diagram of a unit (second). The thin line shows the fusing characteristic of the conventional fuse 60, the solid line shows the fusing characteristic of the fuse 30 of the type not including the low melting point metal, and the dotted line shows the electric wire smoke generation characteristic.
It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the type of fuse having no low melting point metal is coated with carbon fiber having a high thermal conductivity, so that heat dissipation is improved by radiation, so that the resistance value is increased and the fuse is blown below the middle current range. The characteristics are improved, and the protection area of the electric wire is expanded, and the electric wire smoke generation characteristic is not exceeded, so that the repeated durability performance is not deteriorated. In this case, when the heat dissipation characteristics are improved by simply applying black paint on the heat dissipation surface, the energization current increases, but the characteristics are changed by tuning the resistance value according to the rated value.

〈炭素繊維の塗布面〉
以上の実施例１および２では、ヒューズエレメントの表側および裏側にそれぞれ炭素繊維を塗布する例を示したが、本発明はこれに限るものではなく、ヒューズエレメントの表側か又は裏側だけに炭素繊維を厚めに塗布するようにしても同様の効果が得られた。 <Applied surface of carbon fiber>
In Examples 1 and 2 described above, the example in which the carbon fiber is applied to the front side and the back side of the fuse element has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the carbon fiber is applied only to the front side or the back side of the fuse element. Even if it was applied thickly, the same effect was obtained.

１０ 実施例１に係る低融点金属チップつきヒューズ
１０’ 板状導体エレメント
１０Ｂ 大電流域溶断部
１０Ｍ 中低電流域溶断部
１０Ｃ 炭素繊維で構成される黒色塗料
１０Ｄ 導電部
１０ＤＲ 右側の導電部
１０ＤＬ 左側の導電部
１０Ｅ 耳部
１０Ｔ 低融点金属チップ
３０ 実施例２に係るヒューズ
３０’ 板状導体エレメント
３０Ｂ 大中低電流域溶断部
３０Ｃ 炭素繊維で構成される黒色塗料
３０Ｄ 導電部
３０ＤＲ 右側の導電部
３０ＤＬ 左側の導電部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fuse with low melting point metal chip 10 'Plate-like conductor element 10B High current region blown portion 10M Middle low current region blown portion 10C Black paint composed of carbon fiber 10D Conductive portion 10DR Right conductive portion 10DL Left side Conductive part 10E Ear part 10T Low melting point metal chip 30 Fuse according to Example 30 'Plate-like conductor element 30B Large, medium and low current region blown part 30C Black paint composed of carbon fiber 30D Conductive part 30DR Right conductive part 30DL Left conductive part

Claims (5)

金属製板状導体エレメントの略中央に低融点金属チップを搭載して成る中電流溶断部と、前記中電流溶断部の両端部位に形成される大電流溶断部と、前記大電流溶断部に繋がって形成される導電部と、を備えた金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズにおいて、
前記中電流溶断部を除く前記板状導体エレメントの表面に黒色塗料を塗布したことを特徴とする金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズ。 Connected to the medium current fusing portion formed by mounting a low melting point metal chip in the approximate center of the metal plate conductor element, the large current fusing portion formed at both end portions of the medium current fusing portion, and the large current fusing portion. In a fuse composed of a metal plate-like conductor element provided with a conductive portion formed by
A fuse comprising a metal plate-like conductor element, wherein a black paint is applied to the surface of the plate-like conductor element excluding the medium-current fusing portion. 金属製板状導体エレメントの略中央の幅狭部から成る大中電流溶断部と、前記大中電流溶断部の両端部位に形成される導電部と、を備えた金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズにおいて、
前記大中電流溶断部を除く前記板状導体エレメントの表面（ひょうめん）に黒色塗料を塗布したことを特徴とする金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズ。 The metal plate-like conductor element comprises a metal plate-like conductor element provided with a large-medium current fusing portion consisting of a narrow portion at the approximate center of the metal plate-like conductor element, and conductive portions formed at both ends of the large-medium current fusing portion. In the fuse,
A fuse comprising a metal plate-like conductor element, wherein a black paint is applied to the surface (hymen) of the plate-like conductor element excluding the large and middle current fusing portion. 前記黒色塗料が前記板状導体エレメントの表（おもて）面又は裏面、又はその両面に塗布されたことを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズ。   3. The fuse comprising a metal plate-like conductor element according to claim 1, wherein the black paint is applied to a front surface, a back surface, or both surfaces of the plate-like conductor element. 前記黒色塗料が炭素繊維であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項記載の金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズ。   The fuse comprising a metal plate conductor element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the black paint is carbon fiber. 定格値に合わせて前記黒色塗料に抵抗値をチューニングすることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項記載の金属製板状導体エレメントから成るヒューズ。   The fuse comprising a metal plate-like conductor element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a resistance value of the black paint is tuned in accordance with a rated value.
JP2009140644A 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 Fuse Abandoned JP2010287443A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012144569A1 (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-10-26 矢崎総業株式会社 Fuse
WO2013180060A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 矢崎総業株式会社 Fuse
JP2016066555A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-28 デクセリアルズ株式会社 Electric wire

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012144569A1 (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-10-26 矢崎総業株式会社 Fuse
JP2012227091A (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-11-15 Yazaki Corp Fuse
US9685294B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2017-06-20 Yazaki Corporation Fuse
WO2013180060A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 矢崎総業株式会社 Fuse
JP2013251117A (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-12 Yazaki Corp Fuse
JP2016066555A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-28 デクセリアルズ株式会社 Electric wire
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