JP2010269087A - Measuring system of visual evoked brain magnetic field - Google Patents
Measuring system of visual evoked brain magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000000763 evoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002582 magnetoencephalography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007177 brain activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
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本発明は、脳磁計などの生態磁気計測に使用する視覚誘発脳磁計測システムに関し、被験者の安全と計測効率の向上を図った視覚誘発脳磁計測システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a visual evoked magnetoencephalography measurement system used for ecological magnetic measurement such as a magnetoencephalograph, and to a visual evoked magnetoencephalography measurement system that aims to improve safety and measurement efficiency of a subject.
生体における脳の神経活動は、未だ不明な点が有り、更なる解明が望まれている。近年、人間の脳の神経活動によって発生する磁気を計測する生体磁気計測の1分野として、被験者に画像を見せ、脳が誘発する微弱な磁場(磁界)を計測することにより、脳の神経活動を解明しようとするものがある。 The brain activity in the living body is still unclear and further elucidation is desired. In recent years, as one field of biomagnetism measurement that measures the magnetism generated by the neural activity of the human brain, the brain activity is measured by showing the subject an image and measuring the weak magnetic field (magnetic field) induced by the brain. There is something to be solved.
例えば、人間の脳の神経活動によって発生する磁気を計測する生体磁気計測の1分野として、被験者に視覚刺激用の画像を見せ、その反応を測定する視覚反応測定がある。
これは具体的には、パターンアピアランス刺激及びパターンリバーサル刺激と呼ばれるものである。
For example, as one field of biomagnetic measurement for measuring magnetism generated by nerve activity in the human brain, there is visual reaction measurement in which an image for visual stimulation is shown to a subject and the reaction is measured.
This is specifically called pattern appearance stimulation and pattern reversal stimulation.
パターンアピアランス刺激とは、500±100(ms)毎に、チェッカーボードパターンと等輝度の無構造刺激を交互に呈示し、この刺激に対して被験者が誘発する脳磁場(磁界)の変化を測定するものである。また、パターンリバーサル刺激とは、500±100(ms)毎に、チェッカーボードパターンの暗部と明部とを入れ換えた刺激に対して被験者が誘発する脳磁場(磁界)の変化を測定するものである。 A pattern appearance stimulus alternately presents a checkerboard pattern and an isostructural stimulus of equal luminance every 500 ± 100 (ms), and measures a change in a brain magnetic field (magnetic field) induced by the subject with respect to this stimulus. Is. The pattern reversal stimulation is a measurement of a change in the cerebral magnetic field (magnetic field) induced by the subject with respect to a stimulus in which the dark part and the bright part of the checkerboard pattern are exchanged every 500 ± 100 (ms). .
視覚誘発脳磁界の計測には、種々の視覚パターンを高速に提示できる視覚刺激呈示装置が必要である。また、生体磁気は環境磁気に比べ100万分の1と微弱なため、通常磁気シールド装置内で計測される。被験者に画像を見せる場合、画像提示装置としてCRTディスプレイやプロジェクタ等が使用されるが、CRTを用いた刺激装置は、心理学や脳は測定等には有効であるが、強い磁界を発生するため、微弱な磁界を計測する脳磁界計測には適さない。 For the measurement of the visual evoked cerebral magnetic field, a visual stimulus presentation device capable of presenting various visual patterns at high speed is required. Moreover, since biomagnetism is as weak as 1 / 1,000,000 compared with environmental magnetism, it is normally measured in a magnetic shield apparatus. When an image is shown to a subject, a CRT display, a projector, or the like is used as an image presentation device. A stimulator using a CRT is effective for psychology and brain measurement, but generates a strong magnetic field. It is not suitable for brain magnetic field measurement that measures weak magnetic fields.
そのため、それらの装置は磁気シールド装置の外部に設置される。視覚関連の脳磁界測定では、プロジェクタ式テレビを用いたり、開放型の特殊な磁気シールドルームとプロジェクタを併用したり、SQUID装置とCRTとを5m以上離して使用している。 Therefore, these devices are installed outside the magnetic shield device. In visual-related cerebral magnetic field measurement, a projector-type television is used, an open special magnetic shield room and a projector are used in combination, or a SQUID device and a CRT are used at a distance of 5 m or more.
図2は視覚誘発脳磁計測システムの従来例を示す斜視図である。図2において、1はヘルメット1aを有する脳磁計である。被験者横臥台2には被験者(図示せず)が頭部をヘルメット1a側に向けて横臥する。そして、測定時には被験者横臥台2がヘルメット1a側に例えば25cm程度移動し頭の一部がヘルメット1a内に挿入される。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a conventional example of a visually induced magnetoencephalogram measurement system. In FIG. 2, 1 is a magnetoencephalograph having a helmet 1a. A subject (not shown) lies on the subject lying base 2 with his head facing the helmet 1a. At the time of measurement, the subject lying base 2 moves to the helmet 1a side, for example, by about 25 cm, and a part of the head is inserted into the helmet 1a.
被験者横臥台2を跨いで門状に形成されたスクリーン架台3の中央付近にはスクリーン5及び反射板4が配置されており、スクリーン架台3は矢印A方向に移動可能とされている。そして、被験者が被験者横臥台2に横臥した状態でスクリーン5を裏面から観察できる位置に配置される。これら脳磁計1、被験者横臥台2、スクリーン架台3は磁気シールド室内に配置されている。 A screen 5 and a reflecting plate 4 are arranged near the center of the screen base 3 formed in a gate shape across the subject lying base 2, and the screen base 3 is movable in the direction of arrow A. And it arrange | positions in the position which can observe the screen 5 from a back surface in the state in which the test subject lies on the test subject lying table 2. The magnetoencephalograph 1, the subject recumbent table 2, and the screen mount 3 are arranged in the magnetic shield room.
なお、プロジェクタ6は実際にはシールド室の外部に配置されており、このプロジェクタ6から投影される画像(例えば漢字、ひらがな、千鳥格子等)がシールド室内に入射して反射板4で反射してスクリーン5に投影するようになっている。被験者はその投影された画像の視覚刺激に反応して微弱な磁界を発生させる。 Note that the projector 6 is actually arranged outside the shield room, and an image (for example, kanji, hiragana, houndstooth, etc.) projected from the projector 6 enters the shield room and is reflected by the reflector 4. And projected onto the screen 5. The subject generates a weak magnetic field in response to the visual stimulus of the projected image.
ところで、このような視覚誘発脳磁計測システムにおいては、測定が終了した後、被験者が起き上がろうとしてスクリーン架台に頭をぶつける可能性がある。従って、測定終了後はスクリーン架台3を後方(足側)に移動させている。 By the way, in such a visual evoked magnetoencephalography measurement system, after the measurement is completed, there is a possibility that the subject hits his head against the screen frame in order to get up. Therefore, after the measurement is completed, the screen mount 3 is moved rearward (foot side).
即ち、従来の構成では被験者を覆うように設置されたスクリーン架台3が被験者の起き臥しの邪魔となった。そのため、画像をスクリーンに投影して行う視覚刺激検査のたびに、スクリーン架台を移動する必要があった。 That is, in the conventional configuration, the screen mount 3 installed so as to cover the subject obstructs the subject's waking. Therefore, it is necessary to move the screen frame every time the visual stimulus test is performed by projecting an image onto the screen.
本発明は、上記問題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的は、被験者の起き臥しの邪魔にならず、スクリーン架台の移動が不要な反射板およびスクリーンの収納構造を実現することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to realize a reflector and a storage structure for the screen that do not disturb the subject's waking and do not require movement of the screen mount. Objective.
本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになされたもので、請求項1に記載の視覚誘発脳磁計測システムの発明においては、
磁気シールド空間内に配置された脳磁計と、この脳磁計を構成するヘルメットに被験者の頭部を挿入し、前記被験者に視覚刺激を与えて誘発脳磁場を測定する視覚誘発脳磁場計測システムにおいて、前記脳磁計の前記ヘルメットが配置された上側面に反射板及びスクリーンを収納し、視覚刺激検査に際しては、前記反射板とスクリーンを所定位置まで移動させることを特徴とする。
The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and in the invention of the visually evoked magnetoencephalogram measurement system according to claim 1,
In a magnetoencephalogram measurement system that measures the induced magnetoencephalogram by applying a visual stimulus to the subject, inserting the head of the subject into a magnetoencephalometer disposed in the magnetic shield space, and a helmet constituting the magnetoencephalograph, A reflector and a screen are housed on the upper surface of the magnetoencephalograph where the helmet is disposed, and the reflector and the screen are moved to a predetermined position during a visual stimulus test.
請求項2においては、請求項1に記載の視覚誘発脳磁計測システムの発明において、
前記反射板およびスクリーンは視覚刺激検査終了後は元の位置に戻され、カバーで覆われるように構成したことを特徴とする。
In claim 2, in the invention of the visually evoked magnetoencephalogram measurement system according to claim 1,
The reflector and the screen are configured to be returned to their original positions after the visual stimulus test is completed and covered with a cover.
本発明の請求項1,2の発明によれば、脳磁計のヘルメットが配置された上側面に反射板及びスクリーンを収納し、視覚刺激検査に際しては、反射板とスクリーンを所定位置まで移動させ、測定終了後は元の位置に戻るように構成したので、被験者の起き臥しの邪魔にならず、架台の移動を不要とし計測効率の向上を図った反射板およびスクリーンの収納構造を実現することができる。 According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the reflector and the screen are stored on the upper side where the magnetoencephalograph helmet is arranged, and when the visual stimulus test is performed, the reflector and the screen are moved to a predetermined position. Since it is configured to return to the original position after the measurement is completed, it does not interfere with the subject's waking, and it is possible to realize a reflector and screen storage structure that does not require movement of the gantry and improves measurement efficiency. it can.
図1(a,b)は本発明の視覚誘発脳磁計測システムの実施形態の一例を示す斜視図である。
図1(a)において、11は脳磁計であり、図2に示す従来例の脳磁計1とはヘルメット1aの上部側面に矩形状の穴11aを設けた点のみが異なり機能は同一である。
FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are perspective views showing an example of an embodiment of the visually evoked magnetoencephalogram measurement system of the present invention.
In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 11 denotes a magnetoencephalograph, which differs from the conventional magnetoencephalograph 1 shown in FIG. 2 only in that a rectangular hole 11a is provided on the upper side surface of the helmet 1a, and the function is the same.
穴11a内には反射板4aおよびスクリーン5aが収納されており、通常は穴11の上辺に沿って設けられたカバー10により覆われている(図1b参照)。このカバーは上辺を支点として回動させたとき支柱12aを伸縮させることにより任意の位置で開度を維持可能に形成されている。 A reflector 4a and a screen 5a are accommodated in the hole 11a and are usually covered by a cover 10 provided along the upper side of the hole 11 (see FIG. 1b). This cover is formed so that the opening degree can be maintained at an arbitrary position by expanding and contracting the support column 12a when the cover is rotated about the upper side.
また、反射板4aおよびスクリーン5aはカバー10を所定の開度に維持した状態で被験者がプロジェクター(図示省略)からの画像観察が可能な所定の位置まで突出可能に形成されており、突出した状態では被験者横臥台(図2参照)に横臥した被験者が反射板4aを介してスクリーン5aに写し出される画像を観察できるように維持される。突出のための動作は支柱12bの伸縮により行うものとする。 The reflector 4a and the screen 5a are formed so that the subject can project to a predetermined position where the subject can observe an image from a projector (not shown) with the cover 10 maintained at a predetermined opening degree. Then, the subject lying on the subject lying table (see FIG. 2) is maintained so that the image projected on the screen 5a can be observed through the reflector 4a. The operation for the protrusion is performed by the expansion and contraction of the support 12b.
上述の構成によれば、従来のような被験者を覆うように設置されたスクリーン架台が不要なので、被験者の起き臥しの邪魔となることがなく、画像をスクリーンに投影して行う視覚刺激検査のたびに、スクリーン架台を移動する必要がない。 According to the above-described configuration, since a screen stand that is installed so as to cover the subject as in the past is unnecessary, it does not interfere with the subject's waking, and each time a visual stimulus test is performed by projecting an image onto the screen. In addition, there is no need to move the screen mount.
なお、以上の説明は、本発明の説明および例示を目的として特定の好適な実施例を示したに過ぎない。例えば、反射板とスクリーンを突出させる構成は図示のものに限るものではなく必要に応じて任意な構成をとることができる。要は被験者の起き臥しの邪魔となることがなく、画像を観察できるものであれば良い。
従って本発明は、上記実施例に限定されることなく、その本質から逸脱しない範囲で更に多くの変更、変形を含むものである。
The above description merely shows a specific preferred embodiment for the purpose of explanation and illustration of the present invention. For example, the configuration for projecting the reflecting plate and the screen is not limited to that shown in the drawing, and any configuration can be taken as necessary. The point is that it does not interfere with the subject's waking and can observe the image.
Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes many changes and modifications without departing from the essence thereof.
1,11 脳磁計
1a ヘルメット
2 被験者横臥台
3 スクリーン架台
4 反射板
5 スクリーン
6 プロジェクター
10 カバー
11a 穴
12 支柱
1,11 Magnetoencephalograph 1a Helmet 2 Subject lying base 3 Screen mount 4 Reflector 5 Screen 6 Projector 10 Cover 11a Hole 12 Strut
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