JP2010221194A - Water cleaning facility, purification unit thereof, and cleaning method - Google Patents
Water cleaning facility, purification unit thereof, and cleaning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、路面排水のファーストフラッシュなどを浄化する浄化ユニット、その浄化ユニットを有した水質浄化施設、並びに、それらを用いた水質浄化方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a purification unit for purifying a first flush of road surface drainage, a water quality purification facility having the purification unit, and a water quality purification method using them.
琵琶湖の湖岸道路など、少なからずの自動車が走行する路面には、タイヤやアスファルトの摩耗物や、排気汚濁物質、土砂、粉塵など、様々なものが堆積している。
このような堆積物は、雨天時に路面から離脱し、排水路や、河川、湖沼、海へ移動することで、それらの水質汚濁や環境汚染をもたらす原因となっている。
Various roads, such as tires and asphalt wear, exhaust pollutants, earth and sand, and dust, accumulate on the road surface where a lot of automobiles travel, such as the lakeside road of Lake Biwa.
Such deposits leave the road surface in the rain and move to drainage channels, rivers, lakes, and seas, causing water pollution and environmental pollution.
水質浄化施設は、様々なものが既に公知である。
路面の堆積物の移動は、初期の雨水すなわちファーストフラッシュによるものが主であるので、ファーストフラッシュを浄化する目的のものも公知である。
それらに関連する従来技術には、特許文献1〜7などがある。
Various water purification facilities are already known.
Since the movement of the sediment on the road surface is mainly due to the initial rainwater, that is, the first flush, the purpose of purifying the first flush is also known.
Conventional techniques related to these include Patent Documents 1-7.
しかし、自然の植生を活用して有効に作用する浄化施設、特に浄化能力を簡易に維持できるものはなかった。 However, there has been no purification facility that works effectively by utilizing natural vegetation, especially one that can easily maintain the purification ability.
そこで、本発明は、路面排水のファーストフラッシュなどの浄化を、自然の植生を活用して有効に、しかも、浄化能力を簡易に維持できる浄化ユニットと、その浄化ユニットを有した水質浄化施設、並びに、それらを用いた水質浄化方法を提供することを課題とする。 Accordingly, the present invention provides a purification unit capable of effectively purifying road flushing, such as first flush, utilizing natural vegetation, and easily maintaining the purification capacity, a water purification facility having the purification unit, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification method using them.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明の浄化ユニットは次の構成を備える。
すなわち、水質浄化施設において着脱自在に設置可能な浄化ユニットであって、上部が開口した略四角筒状の金網籠を形成する壁部と、その壁部の内面のうち少なくとも底部に配設され水は通すが土砂は通さない膜体とを備え、土砂が充填されると共に植物が植設され、浄化の対象となる水を通して、植物を介して水質浄化することを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the purification unit of the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, it is a purification unit that can be detachably installed in a water purification facility, and is disposed on at least the bottom of a wall part that forms a substantially square cylindrical wire mesh cage having an open upper part and an inner surface of the wall part. And a membrane that does not allow sediment to pass through, is filled with soil and sand, and plants are planted, and water is purified through the plant through the water to be purified.
ここで、壁部のサイズとしては、縦横0.5〜2m、好ましくは0.8〜1.2m、深度0.2〜1m、好ましくは0.4〜0.6が好適である。 Here, the size of the wall portion is 0.5 to 2 m in length and width, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 m, depth 0.2 to 1 m, preferably 0.4 to 0.6.
土砂に植設される植物としては、イネ科またはショウブ科が好適である。 As a plant to be planted in the earth and sand, a grass family or a camphor family is suitable.
イネ科植物として、ヨシが特に有用である。 Reed is particularly useful as a gramineous plant.
本発明の水質浄化施設は、前記の浄化ユニットを複数設置可能な水質浄化施設であって、その外壁内へ水を流入可能にする流入口と、その流入口に対向する側壁に設けられ外壁外へ水を流出可能にする流出口とを備えると共に、流入口近傍の外壁内部に、流入水を分散させる樋を外壁に沿って付設されたことを特徴とする。 A water purification facility according to the present invention is a water purification facility in which a plurality of the purification units can be installed, and is provided on an inlet that allows water to flow into the outer wall and a side wall that faces the inlet. And an outlet that allows the water to flow out, and a gutter that disperses the incoming water is provided along the outer wall in the outer wall near the inlet.
ここで、樋の上端部から流出口へ向かって棒状体を設置して、水の分散に寄与させてもよい。 Here, a rod-shaped body may be installed from the upper end of the ridge toward the outflow port to contribute to the dispersion of water.
本発明の水質浄化施設は、路面排水を受入し、比較的大径の懸濁物類を除去する前処理施設と、前処理施設からの流入水を浄化して外部へ放出する前記の本浄化施設とを備えることを特徴とする。 The water purification facility of the present invention includes a pretreatment facility that receives road surface drainage and removes suspensions having a relatively large diameter, and the main purification described above that purifies inflow water from the pretreatment facility and discharges it to the outside. And a facility.
本発明の水質浄化方法は、前記の水質浄化施設において、所望の浄化ユニットを個々に交換または整備することで、浄化能力を維持することを特徴とする。 The water purification method of the present invention is characterized in that the purification ability is maintained by exchanging or maintaining desired purification units individually in the water purification facility.
また、前記の水質浄化施設において、路面排水のファーストフラッシュを選択的に受入し、その流入水を浄化ユニットを介して浄化した後に、外部へ放出することを特徴とする。 In the water purification facility, the first flush of road surface drainage is selectively received, and the inflow water is purified through the purification unit and then discharged to the outside.
本発明は、上記構成を備えることにより次の効果を奏する。
すなわち、ユニットを用いるので、所望の浄化ユニットを個々に交換または整備することが容易であり、浄化能力を安定維持できる。また、ヨシ等の植生を活用するので、自然への負荷が低く環境保全にも作用する。
The present invention has the following effects by providing the above configuration.
That is, since the unit is used, it is easy to replace or maintain desired purification units individually, and the purification capability can be stably maintained. In addition, because it uses vegetation such as reeds, it has a low impact on nature and works for environmental conservation.
以下、本発明の実施形態を、図面に示す実施例を基に説明する。なお、実施形態は下記の例示に限らず、本発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲で、前記特許文献など従来公知の技術を用いて適宜設計変更可能である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings. The embodiment is not limited to the following examples, and the design can be changed as appropriate using a conventionally known technique such as the above-mentioned patent document without departing from the gist of the present invention.
図1は、本発明による浄化ユニットを有する水質浄化施設の設置様態の説明図である。
本発明による水質浄化施設は、例えば琵琶湖の湖岸道路などに隣接させて、そのファーストフラッシュなどの路面排水の浄化に特に有用に用いられる。
路面排水は、道路(10)の側溝に接続された水路(20)を介して、集水枡(21)に受入される。
なお、対象とする路面排水としては、湖岸道路に限らず、もちろん河川に沿った道路などにも適用自在であり、高速道路、一般的な国道や県道をはじめ、様々な道路からの排水に有用である。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an installation mode of a water purification facility having a purification unit according to the present invention.
The water purification facility according to the present invention is particularly useful for purifying road drainage such as the first flush adjacent to a lakeside road of Lake Biwa, for example.
The road surface drainage is received by the catchment basin (21) through the waterway (20) connected to the side groove of the road (10).
The target road drainage is not limited to lakeside roads, but can of course be applied to roads along rivers, and is useful for drainage from various roads including highways, general national and prefectural roads. It is.
集水枡(21)から水量を調節して排出された排水は、流入水路(22)を介して前処理施設(23)へ移行する。
前処理施設(23)では、浮遊するゴミや比較的大径の懸濁物などを除去して、後述の本浄化施設(30)における汚泥堆積や濾材の目詰まりの防止を行う。
なお、集水枡(21)には水位計や水門が備わるなど、集水枡(21)や流入水路(22)や前処理施設(23)などの部位には、従来公知の施設を適宜利用できる。
The drainage discharged from the catchment basin (21) after adjusting the amount of water is transferred to the pretreatment facility (23) via the inflow channel (22).
In the pretreatment facility (23), floating dust, a suspension having a relatively large diameter, and the like are removed to prevent sludge accumulation and filter material clogging in the purification facility (30) described later.
It should be noted that the water catchment (21) is equipped with a water level gauge and a sluice gate, and conventionally well-known facilities are appropriately used for the parts such as the water catchment (21), the inflow channel (22) and the pretreatment facility (23). it can.
前処理施設(23)から水量を調節して排出された前処理水は、流入水路(24)を介して本浄化施設(30)へ移行する。
本浄化施設(30)で浄化された浄水は、流出水路(31)を介して、湿地帯(11)へ放流される。
なお、本浄化施設(30)に過大に流入した前処理水は、余水排水路(32)を介して、道路脇の堤脚水路(12)へ放出される。なお、集水枡(21)へ還流され得るバイパスを付設してもよい。
The pretreated water discharged from the pretreatment facility (23) after adjusting the amount of water is transferred to the purification facility (30) through the inflow channel (24).
The purified water purified by the purification facility (30) is discharged to the wetland (11) through the outflow channel (31).
In addition, the pretreatment water which flowed excessively into this purification facility (30) is discharged | emitted to the embankment waterway (12) beside a road through a spillage drainage channel (32). In addition, you may attach the bypass which can be recirculated to the water collecting tank (21).
図2は、本浄化施設(30)及びその周辺の平面説明図、図3は、本浄化施設(30)の要部を示す斜視図、図4は、浄化ユニットの主構成要素である壁部の斜視図である。
本浄化施設(30)には、着脱自在に設置可能な浄化ユニット(40)が複数備わる。図示の例では、格子状に30基設けられているが、その数や配置は任意である。
各浄化ユニット(40)の老朽化等はその位置によって差が生じ得るが、ユニット化されているため、所望の浄化ユニット(40)を個々に交換したり清掃整備することができ、効率良く浄化能力を維持管理することが可能である。
2 is an explanatory plan view of the purification facility (30) and its surroundings, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the main part of the purification facility (30), and FIG. 4 is a wall portion that is a main component of the purification unit. FIG.
The purification facility (30) includes a plurality of purification units (40) that can be detachably installed. In the example shown in the figure, 30 grids are provided, but the number and arrangement thereof are arbitrary.
The aging of each purification unit (40) may vary depending on its position, but since it is unitized, the desired purification unit (40) can be individually replaced or cleaned and cleaned efficiently. Capability can be maintained.
本浄化施設(30)は、図3に示したように、コンクリート等から成る略四角筒状の外壁(41)で囲われる。
その外壁(41)を構成する側壁のうち対向する1対の側壁には、外壁(41)内へ前処理水を流入可能にする流入口(42)と、外壁(41)外へ前処理水を流出可能にする流出口(43)とが備わる。
その流入口(42)の近傍の外壁(41)内部には、流入した前処理水を均一に分散させるために、外壁(41)に沿って細長い樋(44)が備わる。
なお、外壁(41)は、コンクリートに限らず、土や合成樹脂や金属製などでもよく、地面を掘り下げた露地に防水シートを付設する構成でもよいし、完全な密閉式に限らず、若干透水性にしてもよく、水の一定の非透過性を備えれば、従来公知の構造を適宜利用できる。
As shown in FIG. 3, the purification facility (30) is surrounded by a substantially square cylindrical outer wall (41) made of concrete or the like.
Out of the side walls constituting the outer wall (41), a pair of opposing side walls has an inlet (42) that allows pretreatment water to flow into the outer wall (41), and pretreatment water outside the outer wall (41). And an outflow port (43) that allows outflow.
In the outer wall (41) in the vicinity of the inflow port (42), elongated ridges (44) are provided along the outer wall (41) in order to uniformly disperse the pretreated water that has flowed in.
The outer wall (41) is not limited to concrete, but may be made of earth, synthetic resin, metal, or the like, and may have a structure in which a waterproof sheet is attached to the open ground where the ground is dug down. Conventionally known structures can be used as appropriate as long as they have a certain water impermeability.
樋(44)に隣接する空隙には、図5に示した浄化ユニット(40)が30基設置される。
浄化ユニット(40)は、略四角筒状の金網籠である壁部(50)を備える。その底部と側部との間、並びに、底部間には、強度補強や吊り上げに寄与するステー(51)(52)が備わる。図示の例では、側面と底面との間にステー(51)が架設され、対向する側面同士の間にステー(52)架設されている。
なお、ステー(51)(52)の数や架設形態は任意であり、複数のステー(51)(52)同士を連結させてもよいし、ステー(51)(52)を付設しなくてもよい。図示のような略直線状のステーに限らず、これに類する従来公知の補強部材や把持用部材などを付設してもよい。
壁部(50)のサイズとしては、縦横0.5〜2m、好ましくは0.8〜1.2m、深度0.2〜1m、好ましくは0.4〜0.6であり、図示の例では、縦横1m四方、深度0.5mである。
Thirty purification units (40) shown in FIG. 5 are installed in the gap adjacent to the basket (44).
The purification unit (40) includes a wall portion (50) that is a substantially square tubular wire mesh cage. Between the bottom part and the side part, and between the bottom parts, stays (51) and (52) contributing to strength reinforcement and lifting are provided. In the illustrated example, a stay (51) is constructed between the side surface and the bottom surface, and a stay (52) is constructed between the opposing side surfaces.
The number of stays (51) and (52) and the form of installation are arbitrary, and a plurality of stays (51) and (52) may be connected to each other, or stays (51) and (52) may not be attached. Good. The stay is not limited to a substantially linear stay as shown in the figure, and a conventionally known reinforcing member or gripping member similar to this may be provided.
The size of the wall portion (50) is 0.5 to 2 m in length and width, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 m, depth 0.2 to 1 m, preferably 0.4 to 0.6. The vertical and horizontal dimensions are 1m square and the depth is 0.5m.
壁部(50)の内面には、水は通すが土砂は通さないマットやスポンジなどの膜体を設ける。壁部(50)の内面の全てに付設してもよいし、側部の一部及び底部でもよいし、底部のみでもよい。
壁部(50)の内部には、土砂が充填され、上部には、パイプ等の棒状体(45)が架設される。棒状体(45)は、樋(44)の上端部から流出口(43)へ向かって配置され、それを伝わって水が遠方まで分散される。図示の例では、1列の浄化ユニット(40)当たり1本設けられているが、その数は任意である。また、棒状体(45)の形状を、平らな板状にしてもよいし、樋形状にしてもよいし、複数に分岐させてもよい。なお、棒状体(45)の径は樋(44)の深度と同程度が好ましい。
On the inner surface of the wall portion (50), a film body such as a mat or sponge which allows water to pass but does not allow earth and sand to pass is provided. It may be attached to the entire inner surface of the wall (50), may be a part of the side and the bottom, or only the bottom.
The wall portion (50) is filled with earth and sand, and a rod-like body (45) such as a pipe is installed on the upper portion. The rod-shaped body (45) is arranged from the upper end of the ridge (44) toward the outlet (43), and the water is dispersed farther through the rod-shaped body (45). In the example shown in the figure, one purification unit (40) is provided per row, but the number is arbitrary. Further, the shape of the rod-like body (45) may be a flat plate shape, a bowl shape, or a plurality of branches. The diameter of the rod-like body (45) is preferably about the same as the depth of the ridge (44).
図5は、ヨシの植設された本浄化施設(30)を示す一部断面正面説明図である。
各浄化ユニット(40)の土砂(60)には植物(61)を植設する。
土砂(60)としては、例えば、10%粒径0.25〜0.425mm、均等係数10未満のものが利用できる。もちろん、これに限定されず、礫層と砂層との複層構造などにしてもよい。
その表層部に、植物(61)の苗を植設し、浄化ユニット(40)を本浄化施設(30)に組み込み、水を供給する。
FIG. 5 is a partially sectional front explanatory view showing the purification facility (30) in which reeds are planted.
A plant (61) is planted in the earth and sand (60) of each purification unit (40).
As the earth and sand (60), for example, a 10% particle diameter of 0.25 to 0.425 mm and a uniformity coefficient of less than 10 can be used. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and a multi-layer structure of a gravel layer and a sand layer may be used.
A seedling of a plant (61) is planted on the surface layer portion, a purification unit (40) is incorporated into the purification facility (30), and water is supplied.
植物(61)としては、イネ科やショウブ科が有用であり、特にヨシが好ましい。
浄化ユニット(40)の表層部は、汚泥等が堆積しやすいが、植物(61)の地下茎や根毛の伸長によって攪拌され、微生物が成育しやすい環境になり、植生による浄化作用が有効に維持される。
As the plant (61), a grass family and a camphor family are useful, and a reed is particularly preferable.
The surface layer of the purification unit (40) is likely to accumulate sludge, etc., but is agitated by the growth of the rhizome and root hair of the plant (61), creating an environment in which microorganisms are easy to grow, and the purification action by vegetation is effectively maintained. The
なお、図示の例では、棒状体(45)にはパイプが用いられ、各浄化ユニット(40)の中央に対応する位置のパイプ下面には孔(45a)が開口されている。
また、浄化ユニット(40)は、砂利を敷いた上に配置させてもよい。
なお、当然なことであるが、孔(45a)の位置は、中央ではなくてもよいし、また、単数でなく多数設けてもよい。このような定法設計については、逐一触れないが、従来公知技術を援用し適宜設計変更可能である。
In the illustrated example, a pipe is used for the rod-like body (45), and a hole (45a) is opened on the pipe lower surface at a position corresponding to the center of each purification unit (40).
Further, the purification unit (40) may be arranged on a gravel.
As a matter of course, the positions of the holes (45a) may not be the center, and a plurality of holes may be provided instead of a single one. Although such a regular design is not mentioned every time, the design can be appropriately changed by using a conventionally known technique.
本発明によると、環境負荷低く有効に水質浄化できるので、産業上利用価値が高い。 According to the present invention, the water quality can be effectively purified with low environmental load, and thus the industrial utility value is high.
10 道路
11 湿地帯
12 堤脚水路
20 水路
21 集水枡
22、24 流入水路
23 前処理施設
30 本浄化施設
31 流出水路
32 余水排水路
40 浄化ユニット
41 外壁
42 流入口
43 流出口
44 樋
45 棒状体
45a 孔
50 壁部
51、52 ステー
60 土砂
61 植物
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (5)
上部が開口した略四角筒状の金網籠を形成する壁部と、
その壁部の内面のうち少なくとも底部に配設され水は通すが土砂は通さない膜体とを備え、
土砂が充填されると共に植物が植設され、
浄化の対象となる水を通して、植物を介して水質浄化する
ことを特徴とする水質浄化施設の浄化ユニット。 A purification unit that can be detachably installed in a water purification facility,
A wall portion that forms a substantially square tubular wire netting with an open top;
A film body that is disposed at least at the bottom of the inner surface of the wall and allows water to pass but does not allow earth and sand to pass through;
Plants are planted with earth and sand filling,
A purification unit of a water purification facility characterized by purifying the water through the plant through the water to be purified.
イネ科またはショウブ科である
請求項1に記載の水質浄化施設の浄化ユニット。 Plants planted in the earth and sand
The purification unit of the water purification facility according to claim 1, wherein the purification unit is a grass family or a camphor family.
その外壁内へ水を流入可能にする流入口と、
その流入口に対向する側壁に設けられ外壁外へ水を流出可能にする流出口とを備えると共に、
流入口近傍の外壁内部に、流入水を分散させる樋を外壁に沿って付設された
ことを特徴とする水質浄化施設。 A water purification facility capable of installing a plurality of purification units according to claim 1 or 2,
An inlet that allows water to flow into the outer wall;
An outlet that is provided on a side wall facing the inlet and allows water to flow out of the outer wall;
A water purification facility characterized in that a gutter that disperses the inflow water is provided along the outer wall in the outer wall near the inflow port.
請求項3に記載の水質浄化施設。 The water purification facility according to claim 3, wherein a rod-shaped body is installed from the upper end of the ridge toward the outlet.
所望の浄化ユニットを個々に交換または整備することで、浄化能力を維持する
ことを特徴とする水質浄化方法。 In the water purification facility according to claim 3 or 4,
A water purification method characterized by maintaining purification capacity by individually replacing or maintaining a desired purification unit.
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CN104478099A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 内蒙古腾力格环保节能科技有限公司 | Detachable sewage treatment equipment |
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JP2004532109A (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2004-10-21 | アクアファイバー・パッケージング・コーポレーション | Pre- and post-treatment systems and methods for plant surface biofiltration |
JP2005046768A (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-24 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for removing pollutant using plant |
JP2005105719A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-21 | Ohbayashi Corp | Aquatic plant zone in water region having ebb and flow and affected by salt water |
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JP2004532109A (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2004-10-21 | アクアファイバー・パッケージング・コーポレーション | Pre- and post-treatment systems and methods for plant surface biofiltration |
JP2005046768A (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-24 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for removing pollutant using plant |
JP2005105719A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-21 | Ohbayashi Corp | Aquatic plant zone in water region having ebb and flow and affected by salt water |
Cited By (1)
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CN104478099A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 内蒙古腾力格环保节能科技有限公司 | Detachable sewage treatment equipment |
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