JP2010217073A - Flow measuring device - Google Patents
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本発明は、ガスなどの流体の流量を測定する流量計測装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a flow rate measuring device that measures the flow rate of a fluid such as a gas.
気体や液体の如き流体の流量や流速を測定する装置には多くの方式が知られている。特にエレクトロニクス技術の進歩により信頼性の高い超音波を利用する流速・流量測定装置の開発が目覚しい。そして超音波を利用した流速・流量測定装置は燃料ガスのメータ（ガスメータ）、工業用計測器、医療用の血流計、海洋や大気中の流速の測定など多方面にわたる活用分野がある。この超音波を利用する流速・流量測定装置には直接超音波を利用する場合のみならず、他の測定原理に基づく測定装置の検出部として間接的に利用する場合がある。 Many systems are known for measuring the flow rate and flow velocity of a fluid such as gas or liquid. In particular, due to advances in electronics technology, the development of highly reliable flow velocity and flow rate measuring devices using ultrasonic waves is remarkable. Ultrasonic-based flow velocity / flow rate measuring devices have a wide range of application fields such as fuel gas meters (gas meters), industrial measuring instruments, medical blood flow meters, and measurement of flow rates in the ocean and atmosphere. The flow velocity / flow rate measuring device using ultrasonic waves is not only used directly as ultrasonic waves but also indirectly used as a detection unit of a measuring device based on another measurement principle.
また、超音波利用流速・流量測定装置に限らず流速・流量測定装置には流量センサ、抵抗値センサ、温度センサ、電圧センサなど多くのセンサが利用されている。そしてこれらの電気信号を発信するセンサは、外部の条件に影響されて感度が変化したりすることがある。そのため燃料ガスのメータ等に使用される流量測定装置は僅かな流量変化、例えば３リットル／時のような微小変化でもこれを測定することが要求されている。この様な微小変化を正確に把握することができる為には測定のゼロ値補正を行うことができる測定装置としなければならない。 Moreover, many sensors such as a flow rate sensor, a resistance value sensor, a temperature sensor, and a voltage sensor are used for the flow rate / flow rate measurement device as well as the ultrasonic flow rate / flow rate measurement device. And the sensor which transmits these electric signals may be influenced by external conditions and a sensitivity may change. Therefore, a flow rate measuring device used for a fuel gas meter or the like is required to measure even a slight flow rate change, for example, a minute change such as 3 liters / hour. In order to accurately grasp such a minute change, it is necessary to provide a measuring apparatus capable of correcting the zero value of the measurement.
以上の観点から、ゼロ値補正実行の是非を所定時間間隔で判断する技術、複数の流路毎に弁を設け、当該弁が閉止されている流路のゼロ値補正を行なう技術が提示されている（例えば、特許文献１，２参照）。 From the above viewpoints, a technique for determining whether or not to execute zero value correction at predetermined time intervals, a technique for providing a valve for each of a plurality of flow paths, and performing a zero value correction for a flow path in which the valve is closed are presented. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
また、ゼロ値補正実行を流量開閉弁の閉止時に流量計測部のゼロ値を検出しゼロ値補正を行う技術が提示されている（例えば、特許文献３，４参照）。
ゼロ値補正を行なうに際し、流量計測装置内の圧力を安定させて、正確な補正を行なうために、流量開閉弁の閉止時に行うことは重要である。しかしながら、使用中のコックが開いている時に、流量開閉弁の閉止が行われると、次の開放時に、開いているコックからガス漏れを生じてしまい大変危険であり、例えば、流量開閉弁の閉止を定期的に行うと、使用中に急に使用できなくなるトラブルに併せて、上述のガス漏れの危険性も生じる。 When the zero value correction is performed, it is important to perform the correction when the flow rate on-off valve is closed in order to stabilize the pressure in the flow rate measuring device and perform an accurate correction. However, if the flow rate on / off valve is closed while the cock in use is open, gas leakage will occur from the open cock at the next opening, for example, closing the flow rate on / off valve. If it is periodically performed, there is a risk of the above-described gas leakage in addition to the trouble of sudden use during use.
そのため、一般家庭で使用されるガスメータでは地震時など、緊急異常時のみに流量開閉弁の閉止を行うようになっていて、該ガスメータが設置されてから取り外されるまで、流量開閉弁の閉止が行われる回数が極めて少なく、一度ぐらいしか閉止されない場合もあり、ゼロ値補正実行が有効に行われない心配があった。 Therefore, gas meters used in general households are designed to close the flow rate on / off valve only in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, and the flow rate on / off valve must be closed until the gas meter is installed and removed. There are cases where the number of occurrences is very small, and there is a case where it is closed only once, and there is a concern that the zero value correction execution is not performed effectively.
また、ゼロ値補正では、流量開閉弁の開閉と流量計測を伴うため、電力の消費が多く、電池で１０年間使用される日本の一般家庭用ガスメータでは、定期的に頻繁に行うことはできないと云う課題もあった。 In addition, zero value correction involves opening and closing the flow rate on-off valve and measuring the flow rate, which consumes a lot of power, and can not be performed regularly and frequently in Japanese household gas meters that are used for 10 years with batteries. There was also a problem.
本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、ゼロ値補正が必要なときに、ゼロ値補正を行うようにして、安全性を確保しつつ、精度維時を行うことのできる流量計測装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problem, and when the zero value correction is necessary, the zero value correction is performed so that the safety can be maintained and the accuracy can be maintained. The purpose is to provide.
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の流量計測装置は、流体が通過する流路と、前記流路内に配置され前記流路を通過する流体の流速を計測する流量計測部と、前記流路を開閉する開閉部と、前記流量計測部の計測を制御する計測制御部と、前記開閉部の動作を制御する開閉制御部とを備え、前記計測制御部は前記流量計測部で計測して得られた流量がゼロ流量でない第１所定範囲のとき、前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止するとともに、前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止した後の前記流量計測部で計測して得られた流量が、ゼロ値とするようにゼロ値補正を行うようにした構成としてある。 In order to solve the conventional problem, a flow rate measuring device of the present invention includes a flow path through which a fluid passes, a flow rate measuring unit that is disposed in the flow path and measures a flow velocity of the fluid that passes through the flow path, An opening / closing unit that opens and closes the flow path, a measurement control unit that controls measurement of the flow rate measurement unit, and an opening / closing control unit that controls the operation of the opening / closing unit, and the measurement control unit performs measurement with the flow rate measurement unit When the flow rate obtained in the above is a first predetermined range that is not zero flow rate, the flow channel is closed by the opening and closing unit, and the flow rate measurement unit after the flow channel is closed by the opening and closing unit is obtained by measurement. The configuration is such that zero value correction is performed so that the flow rate obtained is zero.
そして、ガスが使用されていないと判断でき、かつ、ゼロ値でない流量を計測した第１所定範囲のときに、ゼロ値補正を行うようにして、機器によっては殆どゼロ値補正が生じないものや、何度も繰り返し行うものなど、機器に応じたゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。 Then, it can be determined that the gas is not used, and the zero value correction is performed in the first predetermined range in which the flow rate other than the zero value is measured. This makes it possible to perform zero value correction according to the device, such as what is repeatedly performed.
本発明の流量計測装置は、ゼロ値でない第１所定範囲の流量を計測したときに、使用者が流量計測装置のゼロ値補正を行うことができるので、ゼロ値補正が必要なときに、機器に応じたゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。 The flow rate measuring device of the present invention can perform zero value correction of the flow rate measuring device when the user measures the first predetermined range of flow rate that is not zero value. It becomes possible to perform zero value correction according to.
第１の発明は、流体が通過する流路と、前記流路内に配置され前記流路を通過する流体の流速を計測する流量計測部と、前記流路を開閉する開閉部と、前記流量計測部の計測を制御する計測制御部と、前記開閉部の動作を制御する開閉制御部とを備え、前記計測制御部は前記流量計測部で計測して得られた流量がゼロ流量でない第１所定範囲のとき、前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止するとともに、前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止した後の前記流量計測部で計測して得られた流量をゼロ値とするようにゼロ値補正を行うようにした構成としてある。 1st invention is the flow path through which the fluid passes, the flow volume measurement part which measures the flow velocity of the fluid which is arrange | positioned in the said flow path and passes through the said flow path, the opening-and-closing part which opens and closes the said flow path, and the said flow volume A measurement control unit for controlling measurement of the measurement unit; and an opening / closing control unit for controlling the operation of the opening / closing unit, wherein the measurement control unit is a first flow rate obtained by measuring by the flow rate measurement unit is not zero flow rate. A zero value so that the flow rate obtained by the flow rate measurement unit after closing the flow channel by the opening / closing unit and the flow rate measurement unit after closing the flow channel by the opening / closing unit is set to a zero value when in a predetermined range The correction is performed.
そして、ガスが使用されていないと判断でき、かつ、ゼロ値でない流量を計測した第１所定範囲のときに、ゼロ値補正を行うようにして、機器によっては殆どゼロ値補正が生じないものや、何度も繰り返し行うものなど、機器に応じたゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。 Then, it can be determined that the gas is not used, and the zero value correction is performed in the first predetermined range in which the flow rate other than the zero value is measured. This makes it possible to perform zero value correction according to the device, such as what is repeatedly performed.
第２の発明は、前記第１所定範囲は、前記流量計測部で計測して得られた流量が最低使用状態流量より少なく、ゼロ流量測定の誤差範囲以上とした構成としてある。 In a second aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined range is configured such that the flow rate obtained by measurement by the flow rate measurement unit is less than the minimum use state flow rate and is equal to or greater than the zero flow rate measurement error range.
そして、本発明の流量計測装置は、流量計測部で計測して得られた流量が最低使用状態流量より少なく、ゼロ流量測定の誤差範囲以上とした第１所定範囲は、ゼロ値には近いがゼロ流量でないゼロ値から若干シフトした流量値で、一般の使用されている機器の使用量からするとありえない数値としてあり、流体の流速を計測する流量計測部が何らかの理由でゼロ値シフトして、計測精度誤差分として生じたものと考えられる。 In the flow rate measuring device of the present invention, the first predetermined range in which the flow rate obtained by the flow rate measurement unit is less than the minimum use state flow rate and equal to or greater than the error range of the zero flow rate measurement is close to the zero value. It is a flow rate value slightly shifted from the zero value that is not zero flow rate, and it is a numerical value that is impossible from the amount of use of general equipment, and the flow rate measurement unit that measures the flow rate of fluid shifts to zero value for some reason and measures It is thought that it occurred as an accuracy error.
そこで、流量計測部で計測して得られた流量がゼロ流量でない第１所定範囲のとき、開閉部で前記流路を閉止して、開閉部で流路を閉止した後の流量計測部によって計測された流体の流速の出力を、流量計測部の流量がゼロ値とするように補正を行うようにしてあり
、圧力の影響を受けずに、正確にゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。
Therefore, when the flow rate obtained by the flow rate measurement unit is in the first predetermined range which is not zero flow rate, the flow rate is measured by the flow rate measurement unit after the flow channel is closed by the open / close unit and the flow channel is closed by the open / close unit. The output of the flow rate of the fluid is corrected so that the flow rate of the flow measurement unit is zero, and the zero value can be corrected accurately without being affected by the pressure. .
したがって、ガスが使用されていないと判断でき、かつ、ゼロ値でない流量を計測した第１所定範囲のときに、ゼロ値補正を行うようにして、ゼロ値補正が必要なときに、使用者が開始するようにしてあるので、機器によっては殆どゼロ値補正が生じないものや、何度も繰り返し行うものなど、機器に応じたゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。 Therefore, when it is possible to determine that the gas is not used and the zero value correction is performed in the first predetermined range in which the flow rate that is not zero is measured, Since the start is made, it is possible to perform zero value correction according to the device, such as a device in which the zero value correction hardly occurs depending on the device, or a device that is repeatedly performed.
第３の発明による流量計測装置は、特に、第１または２の発明の前記計測制御部からの信号で使用者へ補正警告表示等の告知手段を有する表示告知部を備え、前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止した後の前記流量計測部で計測して得られた流量をゼロ値とするようにゼロ値補正を行うときに、前記表示告知部で補正警告表示の告知を行う構成としてある。 A flow rate measuring device according to a third aspect of the invention is provided with a display notification unit having a notification means such as a correction warning display to a user by a signal from the measurement control unit of the first or second aspect of the invention. When the zero value correction is performed so that the flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement unit after closing the flow path is set to a zero value, the display notification unit notifies the correction warning display.
そして、流量計測部で計測して得られた流量がゼロ流量でない第１所定範囲のとき、表示告知部で補正警告表示の告知を行うことで、使用者にゼロ値補正中であることを告知して、使用者が機器の使用しないように促すことで、安全に、ゼロ値補正を開始することができ、ゼロ値補正後の開閉部で流路の開放によるガス漏れを防止することができるようになり、安全性を向上することができる。 When the flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement unit is within the first predetermined range that is not zero flow rate, the display notification unit notifies the user that the zero value is being corrected by notifying the correction warning display. Then, by urging the user not to use the device, the zero value correction can be started safely, and gas leakage due to the opening of the flow path can be prevented at the opening / closing part after the zero value correction. As a result, safety can be improved.
第４の発明による流量計測装置は、特に、第１〜３のいずれか１つの発明の計測制御部は、前記ゼロ値補正を行った後に、前記開閉部で前記流路を開放して通常使用状態に復帰させたときに、所定時間内に流量計測部で計測して得られた流量が第２所定値に達した場合、再度前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止した後、表示告知部でシステム異常警告の告知を行う構成としてある。 The flow rate measuring device according to the fourth invention, in particular, the measurement control unit according to any one of the first to third inventions performs normal use by opening the flow path at the opening / closing unit after performing the zero value correction. When the flow rate obtained by the flow rate measurement unit within a predetermined time reaches the second predetermined value when returning to the state, the flow rate is closed again by the opening / closing unit, and then the display notification unit The system is configured to notify the system abnormality warning.
そして、ゼロ値補正を行った後に、前記開閉部で前記流路を開放して通常使用状態に復帰させたときに、所定時間内に流量計測部で計測して得られた流量が第２所定値に達した場合、ゼロ値補正中に使用者がコックを開いて放置したと判断して、ガス漏れの危険性を回避するように、再度前記開閉部で前記流路を閉止した後、表示告知部でシステム異常警告の告知を行うようにしてあり、ゼロ値補正後の復帰の安全性を高めることができるようになる。 Then, after the zero value correction is performed, when the flow path is opened by the opening / closing unit to return to the normal use state, the flow rate obtained by measuring the flow rate measurement unit within a predetermined time is a second predetermined flow rate. When the value is reached, it is determined that the user has left the cock open during zero value correction, and the flow path is closed again by the opening / closing part so as to avoid the risk of gas leakage. The notification unit notifies the system abnormality warning, and the safety of return after the zero value correction can be improved.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、本実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
（実施の形態１）
図１は本発明の実施の形態１の流量計測装置を用いるシステムの概略図、図２は同流量計測装置の要部断面図、図３は同上面配置図で、図４（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）は流量計測の説明図である。
(Embodiment 1)
1 is a schematic diagram of a system using the flow rate measuring device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the flow rate measuring device, FIG. 3 is a top plan view thereof, and FIG. b) and (c) are explanatory diagrams of flow rate measurement.
図１において、使用者が使用するヒーターやオーブンなどの使用機器１ａ〜１ｄに供給されるガスは、ガス供給配管から、その流路を開閉する開閉部２と使用ガス流量を計測する流量計測装置としての流量計測部３を一体に形成した安全遮断装置付きガスメータ４を介して、供給される。 In FIG. 1, the gas supplied to the use devices 1 a to 1 d such as heaters and ovens used by the user is from a gas supply pipe, an opening / closing part 2 that opens and closes the flow path, and a flow rate measuring device that measures the used gas flow rate. Is supplied through a gas meter 4 with a safety shut-off device, in which a flow rate measuring unit 3 is integrally formed.
該安全遮断装置付きガスメータ４は、流量計測部３の計測を制御する計測制御部５と、開閉部２の動作を制御する開閉制御部６と、計測制御部５からの信号で使用者へ補正警告表示ランプ７等の告知手段を有する表示告知部８を有している。 The gas meter 4 with the safety shut-off device is corrected to the user by a signal from the measurement control unit 5 for controlling the measurement of the flow rate measuring unit 3, the opening / closing control unit 6 for controlling the operation of the opening / closing unit 2, and the measurement control unit 5. A display notification unit 8 having notification means such as a warning display lamp 7 is provided.
上記流量計測を行う流量計測部３は、図２、図３に示すように、水平に配設した流量計測流路１１の両端に、下方へつながる流入側配管１２と、流出側配管１３が設けてあり、
被測定流体は、流入側配管１２から取り込まれ、流量計測流路１１を介して、流出側配管１３へ排出される。流量計測流路１１を挟むように上流側と下流側に一対の超音波振動子１４、１５が配置してあり、この間の流量計測流路１１に被測定流体の流れを整流する整流部材１６が配置してある。
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the flow rate measuring unit 3 that performs the flow rate measurement is provided with an inflow side pipe 12 and an outflow side pipe 13 that are connected downward at both ends of a horizontally disposed flow rate measurement channel 11. And
The fluid to be measured is taken in from the inflow side pipe 12 and discharged to the outflow side pipe 13 through the flow rate measurement channel 11. A pair of ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 are arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side so as to sandwich the flow measurement channel 11, and a rectifying member 16 that rectifies the flow of the fluid to be measured in the flow measurement channel 11 therebetween. It is arranged.
上記整流部材１６は少なくとも流れに対し略並行でかつ超音波振動子１４、１５から発信される超音波を遮らないように配設した金属製の複数枚の整流板１７と、整流板１７を保持する樹脂性のケース１８と、整流板１７の側部の位置しケース１８に設けた超音波振動子１４、１５から発信される超音波を通過させる開口１９から構成されている。 The rectifying member 16 holds a plurality of metal rectifying plates 17 disposed so as to be at least substantially parallel to the flow and not to block the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15, and the rectifying plate 17. The resin case 18 and the opening 19 through which the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 provided on the case 18 located on the side of the rectifying plate 17 pass.
このような配置において、超音波振動子１４、１５間の距離をＬ、流入側の超音波振動子１４から超音波を送信し、流出側の超音波振動子１５で受信する時の伝播時間をＴｕｄ、その逆に、流出側の超音波振動子１５から超音波を送信し、流入側の超音波振動子１４で受信する時の伝播時間をＴｄｕとすると、音速をＣ、流体の流速をＶｆとすると、次式が成り立つ。 In such an arrangement, the distance between the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 is L, the propagation time when ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 14 on the inflow side and received by the ultrasonic transducer 15 on the outflow side is set. Tud, and conversely, if the transmission time when transmitting ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic transducer 15 on the outflow side and receiving them by the ultrasonic transducer 14 on the inflow side is Tdu, the sound velocity is C and the fluid flow velocity is Vf. Then, the following equation holds.
Ｔｕｄ＝Ｌ／（Ｃ＋Ｖｆ）、Ｔｄｕ＝Ｌ／（Ｃ−Ｖｆ）
これより、Ｃ＋Ｖｆ＝Ｌ／Ｔｕｄ、Ｃ−Ｖｆ＝Ｌ／Ｔｄｕが成り立ち、その結果、
２・Ｖｆ＝（Ｌ／Ｔｕｄ）＋（Ｌ／Ｔｄｕ）となる。
よって、 Ｖｆ＝（Ｌ／２）［（１／Ｔｕｄ）−（１／Ｔｄｕ）］
このように、超音波伝播時間ＴｕｄおよびＴｄｕ、を計測することにより、流体の流速Ｖｆを計測することができる。なお、この流体の流速Ｖｆは、音速Ｃに依存しないで求めることができ、流体の温度、すなわち、流体中の音速が変化しても、計測結果に影響しないことがわかる。この流体の流速Ｖｆに、あらかじめ決められている流量計測流路１１の断面積Ｓを乗ずることにより流体の流量Ｑｆを、Ｑｆ＝Ｓ・Ｖｆとして求められる。
Tud = L / (C + Vf), Tdu = L / (C−Vf)
From this, C + Vf = L / Tud, C−Vf = L / Tdu, and as a result,
2 · Vf = (L / Tud) + (L / Tdu).
Therefore, Vf = (L / 2) [(1 / Tud) − (1 / Tdu)]
Thus, the fluid flow velocity Vf can be measured by measuring the ultrasonic propagation times Tud and Tdu. The flow velocity Vf of the fluid can be obtained without depending on the sound velocity C, and it can be seen that even if the temperature of the fluid, that is, the sound velocity in the fluid changes, the measurement result is not affected. The fluid flow rate Qf is obtained as Qf = S · Vf by multiplying the fluid flow velocity Vf by a predetermined cross-sectional area S of the flow rate measuring channel 11.
ここで、超音波振動子１４、１５は、複合の構成材料で構成され（図示せず）、この構成材料の材質や形状に依存する個々の共振周波数や、構成材料の接合部分の状態で、超音波振動子１４、１５の送信および受信する振動すなわち波形が歪みを生じるため、同一の構成材料、同一の接合で、超音波振動子１４、１５を構成したとしても、どうしても、構成材料や接合等のばらつきで、微小な振動のずれを生じ、結果的に、超音波振動子１４、１５の特性がずれてしまう場合がある。 Here, the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 are composed of composite constituent materials (not shown), and in the state of individual resonance frequencies depending on the material and shape of the constituent materials and the joint portions of the constituent materials, Since vibrations and waveforms received and transmitted by the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 are distorted, even if the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 are configured with the same constituent materials and the same joints, the constituent materials and the joints are inevitably used. As a result, there is a case where a minute vibration shift occurs, and as a result, the characteristics of the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 shift.
このような場合について詳述すると、図４（ａ）に示すように、送信側の超音波振動子１４ｏｒ１５に矩形電圧Ａを印加して送信すると、受信側の超音波振動子１５ｏｒ１４に波形信号Ｂを受信し、例えば、計測手段（計測ＩＣ）がこの信号の３波目を比較して、送信側超音波振動子１４ｏｒ１５から送信したときから、受信側の超音波振動子１５ｏｒ１４に波形信号Ｂを受信までの時間を測定するようになっている。 More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A, when a rectangular voltage A is applied to the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 14or15 and transmitted, the waveform signal B is applied to the receiving ultrasonic transducer 15or14. For example, the measurement means (measurement IC) compares the third wave of this signal and transmits it from the transmission-side ultrasonic transducer 14or15, and then transmits the waveform signal B to the reception-side ultrasonic transducer 15or14. The time until reception is measured.
このときの、受信側の超音波振動子１５ｏｒ１４の振動は、図４（ｂ）に示すように、歪みのない理想的な振動波形Ｃに、超音波振動子１４、１５の構成材料や接合等による波形の歪みが複合されたものとなり、その波形の包絡線を、例えば、超音波振動子１４を包絡線Ｄとし、超音波振動子１５を包絡線Ｅとして表される。この信号の３波目の比較部分Ｇを拡大した図４（ｃ）に示すように、ゼロクロス部分では近接する傾向は有しても、微小なズレは生じたままであり、歪みのない理想的な振動波形Ｃとゼロクロスまでの時間Ｔに対して、超音波振動子１４の包絡線ＤとのズレＤ１と、超音波振動子１５の包絡線ＥとのズレＥ１とが、測定誤差として生じてしまうことになる。 At this time, as shown in FIG. 4B, the vibration of the ultrasonic transducer 15 or 14 on the receiving side is converted into an ideal vibration waveform C without distortion, and the constituent materials and bonding of the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15. The waveform distortion due to the above is combined, and the envelope of the waveform is expressed as, for example, the ultrasonic transducer 14 as the envelope D and the ultrasonic transducer 15 as the envelope E. As shown in FIG. 4C in which the comparison portion G of the third wave of this signal is enlarged, even though there is a tendency to approach in the zero cross portion, a slight deviation remains, and there is no distortion. A deviation D1 from the envelope D of the ultrasonic transducer 14 and a deviation E1 from the envelope E of the ultrasonic transducer 15 occur as measurement errors with respect to the vibration waveform C and the time T until the zero cross. It will be.
このズレＤ１とズレＥ１の合計すなわちズレ量合計（Ｄ１＋Ｅ１）が、流量計測部３としての誤差となるので、初期に、流量計測流路１１に被測定流体を流さない状態で、流量
計測を行い、ゼロ値ズレ量を求め、この値を補正量として、流量計測部３の測定値から予め差し引くことすなわちゼロ値補正を行うことで、精度を向上させることができるようになる。
Since the sum of the deviation D1 and the deviation E1, that is, the total deviation amount (D1 + E1) becomes an error as the flow rate measurement unit 3, initially, the flow rate measurement is performed without flowing the fluid to be measured through the flow rate measurement channel 11. Then, the zero value deviation amount is obtained, and this value is used as a correction amount, and the accuracy can be improved by subtracting in advance from the measurement value of the flow rate measuring unit 3, that is, performing zero value correction.
しかしながら、上述の超音波振動子１４、１５の特性がずれてしまう場合は、初期のみでなく、経年変化で構成材料や接合の劣化のばらつき等によって、同様な現象を生じる場合があり、流量計測部３の流量計測のゼロ値がズレた状態で、その誤差分が徐々に拡大することがある。このような場合でも、ゼロ値補正を行うことで、精度を向上させることができるようになるが、一般に使用されているときには、開閉部２が開かれているので、精度良く行うことができない。また、精度良く行うために、開閉部２を閉じてゼロ値補正を行うと、次の開放時に、開いているコックからガス漏れを生じてしまい大変危険であり、例えば、流量開閉部２の閉止を定期的に行うと、使用中に急に使用できなくなるトラブルに併せて、ガス漏れの危険性も生じる。 However, when the characteristics of the above-described ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 are deviated, the same phenomenon may occur due not only to the initial stage, but also due to variations in constituent materials and bonding deterioration due to aging. The error may gradually increase in the state where the zero value of the flow rate measurement of the section 3 is shifted. Even in such a case, the accuracy can be improved by performing the zero value correction. However, when it is generally used, the opening / closing portion 2 is opened, and thus the accuracy cannot be performed accurately. In addition, if the opening / closing part 2 is closed and the zero value correction is performed in order to perform with high accuracy, gas leakage will occur from the open cock at the next opening, for example, closing the flow rate opening / closing part 2 If it is periodically performed, there is a risk of gas leakage in addition to trouble that suddenly becomes impossible during use.
そこで、流量計測部３で計測して得られた計測制御部５の流量が、ゼロ流量でなく最低使用状態流量より少なく、ゼロ流量測定の誤差範囲以上とした第１所定範囲にあるとき、例えばゼロ値には近いがゼロ流量でないゼロ値から若干シフトした流量例えば０．４〜０．８Ｌ／ｈ程度の流量値で、一般の使用されている機器１ａ〜１ｄの使用量からするとありえない数値のときに、何らかの理由で超音波振動子１４、１５の特性がずれて流体の流速を計測する流量計測部３がゼロ値シフトして、計測精度誤差分が生じたものと考えられる。 Therefore, when the flow rate of the measurement control unit 5 obtained by the measurement by the flow rate measurement unit 3 is not the zero flow rate but less than the minimum use state flow rate and is in the first predetermined range that is equal to or greater than the error range of the zero flow measurement, A flow rate that is close to the zero value but slightly shifted from a zero value that is not zero flow rate, for example, a flow rate value of about 0.4 to 0.8 L / h, and a numerical value that is impossible based on the amount of use of commonly used devices 1a to 1d Sometimes, for some reason, the characteristics of the ultrasonic transducers 14 and 15 are shifted, and the flow rate measuring unit 3 that measures the flow velocity of the fluid shifts to zero value, and it is considered that a measurement accuracy error has occurred.
この場合に、表示告知部８で補正警告表示ランプ７ａの点灯を行うことで、使用者にゼロ値補正中であることを告知して、使用者が機器の使用しないように促すようになっている。 In this case, the display notification unit 8 turns on the correction warning display lamp 7a to notify the user that the zero value is being corrected and to urge the user not to use the device. Yes.
そして、開閉部２で流路を閉止し、その後の流量計測部３によって計測された流体の流速の出力を、計測制御部５の流量がゼロ値とするように補正を行い、補正が終了すると再度開閉部２で流路を開放し通常に使用できるようにしてある。 Then, the flow path is closed by the opening / closing unit 2, and the output of the flow velocity of the fluid measured by the subsequent flow rate measuring unit 3 is corrected so that the flow rate of the measurement control unit 5 becomes zero, and the correction is completed. The flow path is opened again by the opening / closing part 2 so that it can be used normally.
このように、計測制御部５の演算した流量がゼロ流量でない第１所定範囲例えば０．４〜０．８Ｌ／ｈのとき表示告知部８で補正警告表示ランプ７ａの点灯を行うことで、使用者にゼロ値補正中であることを告知して、使用者が機器の使用しないように促すことで、安全に、ゼロ値補正を開始することができるようになる。そして、、開閉部２で流路を閉止した後の流量計測部３によって計測された流体の流速の出力を、計測制御部５の流量がゼロ値とするように補正を行うようにしてあり、圧力の影響を受けずに、正確にゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。 In this way, when the flow rate calculated by the measurement control unit 5 is a first predetermined range that is not zero flow rate, for example, 0.4 to 0.8 L / h, the display notification unit 8 lights the correction warning display lamp 7a to use the flow rate. By informing the user that the zero value correction is in progress and prompting the user not to use the device, the zero value correction can be started safely. And the output of the flow velocity of the fluid measured by the flow rate measurement unit 3 after closing the flow path by the opening and closing unit 2 is corrected so that the flow rate of the measurement control unit 5 becomes zero value, The zero value can be accurately corrected without being affected by the pressure.
したがって、ガスが使用されていないと判断でき、かつ、ゼロ値でない流量を計測した第１所定範囲例えば０．４〜０．８Ｌ／ｈのときに、ゼロ値補正を行うようにしているので、機器によっては殆どゼロ値補正が生じないものや、何度も繰り返し行うものなど、機器に応じたゼロ値補正を行うことができるようになる。 Therefore, since it can be determined that the gas is not used and the first predetermined range in which the flow rate that is not zero is measured, for example, 0.4 to 0.8 L / h, zero value correction is performed. Depending on the device, it is possible to perform zero value correction according to the device, such as a device in which zero value correction hardly occurs or a device that is repeatedly performed.
さらに、ゼロ値補正を開始させて、開閉部２で流路を閉止した後の流量計測部３によって計測された流体の流速の出力を、計測制御部５の流量がゼロ値とするように補正を行った後に、開閉部２で流路を開放して通常使用状態に復帰させたときに、所定時間内に例えば１分間以内の短時間に、計測制御部５の流量が第２所定値に達した場合、再度開閉部２で流路を閉止した後、表示告知部８でシステム異常警告ランプ７ｂの点灯を行う構成としてある。 Further, the zero value correction is started, and the output of the fluid flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring unit 3 after the flow path is closed by the opening / closing unit 2 is corrected so that the flow rate of the measurement control unit 5 becomes a zero value. After performing the above, when the flow path is opened by the opening / closing unit 2 to return to the normal use state, the flow rate of the measurement control unit 5 becomes the second predetermined value within a predetermined time, for example, within a short time. In this case, after the flow path is closed again by the opening / closing unit 2, the display notification unit 8 turns on the system abnormality warning lamp 7b.
そして、ゼロ値補正を行った後に、開閉部２で流路を開放して通常使用状態に復帰させたときに、所定時間内例えば１分間以内の短時間に、計測制御部５の流量が第２所定値例えばガス使用機器１台分以上の使用流量に達した場合、ゼロ値補正中に使用者がコックを開いて放置したと判断して、ガス漏れの危険性を回避するように、再度開閉部２で流路を閉止した後、表示告知部８でシステム異常警告ランプ７ｂの点灯を行うようにしてあり、ゼロ値補正後の復帰の安全性を高めることができるようになる。 Then, after the zero value correction is performed, when the flow path is opened by the opening / closing unit 2 to return to the normal use state, the flow rate of the measurement control unit 5 is reduced within a predetermined time, for example, within a short time. 2 When the flow rate reaches a predetermined value, for example, one gas-using device, the user determines that the user has left the cock open during zero value correction, and again to avoid the risk of gas leakage. After the flow path is closed by the opening / closing unit 2, the system notification lamp 8b is turned on by the display notification unit 8, so that the safety of return after the zero value correction can be improved.
さらに、上記のようなゼロ値補正を行う回数が、所定回数を超えたときに、システム異常として、開閉部２で流路を閉止させたまま、システム異常警告告ランプ７ｂの点灯を行うようにしてある。 Further, when the number of times of zero value correction as described above exceeds a predetermined number, the system abnormality warning lamp 7b is turned on while the flow path is closed by the opening / closing part 2 as a system abnormality. It is.
さらにまた、ゼロ値補正を行うときに、初期の補正しない場合と補正した場合の累積変化量が、第２所定値を超えたときに、システム異常として、開閉部２で流路を閉止させたまま、システム異常警告を行うようにしてある。 Furthermore, when the zero value correction is performed, the flow path is closed by the opening / closing portion 2 as a system abnormality when the cumulative change amount when the initial correction is not performed and when the correction exceeds the second predetermined value. The system abnormality warning is performed as it is.
上記の補正を行う回数が、所定回数を超えたとき、或いは、補正した場合の累積変化量が、第２所定値を超えたときに、何らかの理由で異常が生じてしまい、例えば超音波振動子１５、１６が経年的に劣化して破損した場合などが想定されるので、システム異常として、開閉部２で流路を閉止させたまま、システム異常警告ランプ７ｂの点灯を行うことより、最終的な流量計測部３の安全性を確保することができるようになる。 When the number of times the correction is performed exceeds a predetermined number, or when the cumulative change amount when the correction is performed exceeds the second predetermined value, an abnormality occurs for some reason. For example, an ultrasonic transducer 15 and 16 are assumed to be deteriorated over time and damaged. As a system abnormality, the system abnormality warning lamp 7b is turned on while the flow path is closed by the opening / closing part 2, so that the final state is reached. It is possible to ensure the safety of the proper flow rate measuring unit 3.
そして、表示告知部８でシステム異常警告ランプ７ｂを点灯して警告を行われた場合、流体供給元に通信手段（図示せず）で信号を送り、流体供給元が流体供給を停止させるようになっている。これにより、使用者が不在であっても、最終的な安全を流体供給元が確保できるようになる。 Then, when a warning is given by turning on the system abnormality warning lamp 7b in the display notification unit 8, a signal is sent to the fluid supply source by communication means (not shown) so that the fluid supply source stops the fluid supply. It has become. Thereby, even if the user is absent, the fluid supply source can secure the final safety.
なお、実施の形態では、流量計測部３の流量計測値の取扱について言及していないが、これは、流量計測値の瞬時値、所定時間内の平均値、移動平均値、継続して同じ値が測定されたときの流量値等、どのような決め方でもよく、実使用状態に即していれば良く、また、その流路を開閉する開閉部２と使用ガス流量を計測する流量計測部３を一体に形成した安全遮断装置付きガスメータで説明したが、これは開閉部２と流量計測部３を別設に設けてもよい。そして、表示告知部８で補正警告表示ランプ７ａの点灯を行うことで、使用者にゼロ値補正中であることを告知するように説明したが、これは、音声や文字表示等のよりいっそう判りやすいものであればよりよい。 In addition, in embodiment, although handling of the flow measurement value of the flow measurement part 3 is not mentioned, this is the instantaneous value of a flow measurement value, the average value in predetermined time, a moving average value, and the same value continuously Any method may be used for determining the flow rate value when the gas is measured, as long as it is in accordance with the actual use state, and the open / close unit 2 that opens and closes the flow path and the flow rate measurement unit 3 that measures the flow rate of the gas used. Although the gas meter with a safety shut-off device formed integrally is described, the opening / closing part 2 and the flow rate measuring part 3 may be provided separately. The display notification unit 8 turns on the correction warning display lamp 7a so as to notify the user that the zero value correction is being performed. It is better if it is easy.
さらに、第１所定範囲は、流量計測部３で計測して得られた流量が最低使用状態流量より少なく、ゼロ流量測定の誤差範囲以上として説明したが、これはガス漏れの判定レベルより少なく、且つ、最低使用状態流量より少なく、ゼロ流量測定の誤差範囲以上としてその他各部の構成も本発明の目的を達成する範囲であればその構成はどのようなものであってもよい。 Further, the first predetermined range is described as the flow rate obtained by measuring with the flow rate measuring unit 3 is less than the minimum use state flow rate, more than the error range of the zero flow measurement, this is less than the judgment level of gas leakage, In addition, the configuration of the other components may be any configuration as long as it is less than the minimum use state flow rate and equal to or more than the error range of the zero flow rate measurement, and the configuration of the other parts achieves the object of the present invention.
以上のように、本発明にかかる流量計測装置は、ゼロ値補正が必要なときに、安全性を確保しつつゼロ値補正し、精度維時を行うことのできるようになるので、ガスメータ等の用途に適用できる。 As described above, the flow rate measuring device according to the present invention can perform zero value correction while maintaining safety and can maintain accuracy when zero value correction is necessary. Applicable to usage.
２ 開閉部
３ 流量計測部
５ 計測制御部
６ 開閉制御部
７ａ 補正警告表示ランプ（告知手段）
７ｂ システム異常警告ランプ（告知手段）
８ 表示告知部
2 Opening / closing part 3 Flow rate measuring part 5 Measurement control part 6 Opening / closing control part 7a Correction warning display lamp (notification means)
7b System error warning lamp (notification means)
8 Display Notification Department
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| CN117029975A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2023-11-10 | 成都千嘉科技股份有限公司 | Multi-environment self-adaption method of ultrasonic gas meter |
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