JP2010209585A - Wall material and construction method using the same - Google Patents

Wall material and construction method using the same Download PDF

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JP2010209585A
JP2010209585A JP2009056739A JP2009056739A JP2010209585A JP 2010209585 A JP2010209585 A JP 2010209585A JP 2009056739 A JP2009056739 A JP 2009056739A JP 2009056739 A JP2009056739 A JP 2009056739A JP 2010209585 A JP2010209585 A JP 2010209585A
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wall material
wall
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front side
synthetic resin
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Masashi Inoshima
正司 猪島
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall material which can be easily attached and which has a highly-waterproof surface equivalent to a plastered wall such as a conventional mud wall, and a construction method using the wall material. <P>SOLUTION: The wall material 10 includes: a plate-like base material 11; a substrate layer 12 where the front side of the base material 11 is coated with a synthetic resin emulsion with adhesiveness; a waterproof layer 13 where two layers of a synthetic resin emulsion with waterproofness, elasticity and adhesiveness are applied onto the front side of the substrate layer 12; and a finishing layer 14 where a plastered wall material containing diatomaceous earth is applied with a predetermined thickness onto the front side of the waterproof layer 13. Additionally, in the construction method using the wall material 10, after the wall material 10 is pre-manufactured in a factory, an outer shape is cut in predetermined dimensions and the cut surface is filed in the factory while the wall material is attached to a column 20 of a building via a substrate plate 21 with an adhesive on a construction site. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、建物の内壁や外壁に用いる壁材及び壁材を用いた施工方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a wall material used for an inner wall and an outer wall of a building and a construction method using the wall material.

従来より、住宅等の建物の内壁や外壁を、土壁や漆喰、モルタル等による塗り壁とする場合、柱と柱の間に竹等を格子状にした小舞を設け、その小舞に壁土を塗りこんで下地としての荒壁を形成した上で、更に塗り重ねて仕上げたものや、柱にラスボード等の下地板を固定し、その下地板に所定の塗り壁材を塗り重ねて仕上げたもの等が知られている。しかしながら、従来の施工方法では、左官工が施工現場において塗り壁材を塗工するようにしているので、左官作業に時間が係る上に、その作業中には他の作業ができないので、工期が長くなる問題がある。   Conventionally, when the inner and outer walls of a building such as a house are painted walls with earthen walls, plaster, mortar, etc., a small dance with a lattice of bamboo etc. has been provided between the pillars, and the wall soil is placed on the small dance. A rough wall is formed as a base by coating the surface, and the surface is further coated and finished, or a base plate such as a lath board is fixed to the pillar, and a predetermined painted wall material is applied to the base plate and finished. Etc. are known. However, in the conventional construction method, the plasterer works to apply the painted wall material at the construction site, so it takes time for the plasterer work, and other work cannot be done during the work, so the construction period is There is a problem that becomes longer.

そこで、特許文献１のように、枠体の内側に竹格子を配置し、その竹格子に所定の塗り壁材により下塗層、中塗り層、及び仕上げ層を塗り重ねて、壁材としての壁パネルを形成し、その壁パネルを施工現場で柱間に取付けるようにすることで、工期を短縮するようにしたものが提案されている。   Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, a bamboo lattice is arranged inside the frame body, and the undercoating layer, the intermediate coating layer, and the finishing layer are applied to the bamboo lattice with a predetermined coating wall material, as a wall material. A proposal has been made to shorten the construction period by forming a wall panel and attaching the wall panel between pillars at the construction site.

しかしながら、特許文献１のものは、従来の土壁と同様の構造であるので、壁パネルの重量が重く施工現場において扱い難い問題があると共に、柔軟性に欠けるため取り扱いによっては仕上げ層等にヒビが入ってしまう問題がある。また、従来の土壁と同様の構造であるので、防水性が低い問題がある。更に、壁パネルを柱間に取付けるようにしているので、新築時には取付けることができるものの、リフォーム時には取付け難い問題がある。   However, since the structure of Patent Document 1 has the same structure as a conventional earth wall, the wall panel is heavy and difficult to handle at the construction site. There is a problem that enters. Moreover, since it is the same structure as the conventional earth wall, there exists a problem that waterproofness is low. Furthermore, since the wall panel is attached between the pillars, it can be attached at the time of new construction, but it is difficult to attach at the time of renovation.

そこで、本発明は上記の実情に鑑み、容易に取付けることができると共に、防水性が高く従来の土壁等の塗り壁と同等の表面を有した壁材及び壁材を用いた施工方法の提供を課題とするものである。   Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a wall material having a surface that is easily waterproofed and has a high waterproof property and the same surface as a painted wall such as a conventional earth wall, and a construction method using the wall material. Is an issue.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明に係る壁材は、「板状の基材と、該基材の表側に、接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを塗布することで形成された下地層と、該下地層の表側に、防水性及び伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層以上塗布することで形成された防水層と、該防水層の表側に、所定の厚で所定の塗り壁材を塗工した仕上層とを予め具備する」ことを特徴とするものである。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the wall material according to the present invention includes a “plate-like base material and a base layer formed by applying a synthetic resin emulsion having adhesiveness to the front side of the base material. A waterproof layer formed by applying two or more layers of a synthetic resin emulsion having waterproofness and stretchability and adhesiveness on the front side of the base layer, and a predetermined thickness on the front side of the waterproof layer. And a finishing layer coated with a predetermined coating wall material in advance ”.

ここで、下地層を形成する「接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョン」としては、防水層を形成する合成樹脂エマルジョンと主成分が同様ものを用いても良いし、主成分が異なるものを用いても良く、一般的にプライマーと言われ、基材への防水層の接着性を高めるものであり、水溶性で一液タイプのものを用いることが望ましい。   Here, as the “synthetic resin emulsion having adhesiveness” for forming the base layer, the same main component as the synthetic resin emulsion for forming the waterproof layer may be used, or the main component may be different. Generally, it is said to be a primer, and is intended to enhance the adhesion of the waterproof layer to the substrate. It is desirable to use a water-soluble one-pack type.

また、防水層を形成する「防水性及び伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョン」としては、「アクリル系合成樹脂」、「酢酸系樹脂」、「塩化ビニル系合成樹脂」、「塩化ビニリデン系合成樹脂」、「スチレン・ブタジエン系合成樹脂」、「エポキシ系合成樹脂」、等と、「アクリル酸エステル」、「スチレン」、「エチレン」、「ビニルエステル」、「酢酸ビニル」、「合成ゴム」、等とを共重合させたものであり、例えば、「アクリル・酢酸ビニル共重合体」、「エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体」、「エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体」、「エチレン・アクリル酸共重合体」、「塩化ビニリデン・ブチルアクリレート共重合体」、等が挙げられ、水溶性のアクリル系合成樹脂エマルジョンを用いることが望ましい。なお、合成樹脂エマルジョンに対して、使用条件や使用箇所等に応じて適宜添加剤を添加しても良い。   In addition, as "synthetic resin emulsion having waterproofness and stretchability and adhesiveness" forming a waterproof layer, "acrylic synthetic resin", "acetic acid resin", "vinyl chloride synthetic resin", " "Vinylidene chloride synthetic resin", "Styrene / butadiene synthetic resin", "Epoxy synthetic resin", etc., "Acrylic acid ester", "Styrene", "Ethylene", "Vinyl ester", "Vinyl acetate", "Synthetic rubber", etc. are copolymerized with, for example, "acrylic / vinyl acetate copolymer", "ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer", "ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer", "ethylene" -"Acrylic acid copolymer", "Vinylidene chloride / butyl acrylate copolymer", etc., and it is desirable to use a water-soluble acrylic synthetic resin emulsionIn addition, you may add an additive suitably with respect to a synthetic resin emulsion according to use conditions, a use location, etc.

更に、仕上げ層を形成する「所定の塗り壁材」としては、「珪藻土を主成分としたもの」、「セメントモルタル」、「漆喰」、「プラスター」、「石灰」、「土」、等を挙げることができ、塗り壁材として珪藻土を主成分としたものを用いることが望ましい。   In addition, the “predetermined painted wall material” that forms the finish layer includes “a material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth”, “cement mortar”, “stucco”, “plaster”, “lime”, “earth”, etc. It is desirable to use a material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth as a coating wall material.

これにより、所定の基材に下地層と防水層を介して塗工した仕上層を備えているので、防水層により防水性を確保した上で、従来の左官工による土壁や漆喰壁等と同様の外観とすることができる。また、伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した所定の合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層以上塗布して防水層を形成するようにしているので、壁材の防水性を充分に高めることができると共に、伸縮性を高めることができ、仕上層を薄くしても仕上層が防水層から剥がれ難くすることができると同時に、壁材に可撓性を付与することができ、施工時など壁材を取扱う際に壁材が撓んでも仕上層にヒビが入るのを防止することができると共に、壁材を扱い易くすることができる。   As a result, it is equipped with a finishing layer that is applied to a predetermined base material via a base layer and a waterproof layer. A similar appearance can be obtained. In addition, since a waterproof layer is formed by applying two or more layers of a predetermined synthetic resin emulsion having elasticity and adhesiveness, the waterproof property of the wall material can be sufficiently enhanced and the elasticity can be increased. It is possible to improve the properties, and even if the finishing layer is thinned, the finishing layer can be made difficult to peel off from the waterproof layer, and at the same time, flexibility can be given to the wall material. Even if the wall material is bent, cracks can be prevented from entering the finishing layer, and the wall material can be easily handled.

また、壁材に、基材と下地層と防水層と仕上層とを予め備えるようにしており、壁材を予め工場で製造して建物の施工現場へ運ぶことができるので、施工現場において左官工による左官作業を廃止することができ、建物の建築工期を短くしてコストを低減させることができる。また、工場で製造することができるので、施工現場で左官作業をした場合と比較して、天候等による影響を少なくすることができ、壁材の仕上げにムラが発生するのを低減させて安定した品質を容易に維持することができる。   In addition, the base material, base layer, waterproof layer, and finish layer are provided in advance in the wall material, and the wall material can be manufactured in the factory in advance and transported to the building construction site. The plastering work by the worker can be abolished, the construction period of the building can be shortened and the cost can be reduced. In addition, since it can be manufactured at the factory, it is less affected by the weather, etc., compared to when plastering at the construction site, and it is stable by reducing the occurrence of unevenness in the finishing of wall materials. Quality can be easily maintained.

なお、仕上層を形成する塗工としては、左官作業による鏝塗りとしても良いし、塗装作業による吹付けとしても良く、鏝塗りとした場合、鏝仕上げによる質感の高い表面層とすることができ、従来の左官工による土壁等と遜色のないものとすることができる。   In addition, as the coating for forming the finishing layer, it may be a plastering by plastering or spraying by a painting operation. It can be made inferior to earthen walls made by conventional plasterers.

また、本発明に係る壁材は、上記の構成に加えて、「前記防水層及び前記仕上層を合わせた厚さを、２ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの範囲内とした」ことを特徴とするものである。なお、防水層と仕上層とを合わせた厚さを２ｍｍよりも薄くすると、充分な防水性及び伸縮性（可撓性）を得られなくなると共に、仕上層が透け易くなって充分な外観を得ることができなくなるためである。また、厚さを５ｍｍよりも厚くすると、これ以上は防水性の向上が得られ難くなると共に、重量が増して扱い難くなるためである。   The wall material according to the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the above-described configuration, “the combined thickness of the waterproof layer and the finishing layer is within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm”. If the combined thickness of the waterproof layer and the finish layer is less than 2 mm, sufficient waterproofness and stretchability (flexibility) cannot be obtained, and the finish layer is easily transparent to obtain a sufficient appearance. It is because it becomes impossible. Further, if the thickness is made thicker than 5 mm, it is difficult to obtain an improvement in waterproofness, and the weight increases and it becomes difficult to handle.

これにより、上述した壁材を確実に具現化することができると共に、上述した作用効果を確実に奏するものとすることができる。なお、基材も含めて全体の厚さを、３ｍｍ〜９ｍｍ、望ましくは４ｍｍ〜６ｍｍの間としても良く、これにより、壁材をより軽くすることができるので、下地板や既存の壁に対して接着剤等で簡単に取付けることができ、新築だけでなくリフォームにも問題なく用いることができると共に、壁材が薄くカッター等の刃物でも容易に切断することができるので、施工現場で採寸して直ちに切断することができ、施工性を向上させることができる。   Thereby, while being able to embody the above-mentioned wall material reliably, the effect mentioned above can be show | played reliably. The total thickness including the base material may be between 3 mm and 9 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm. This makes it possible to make the wall material lighter. It can be easily attached with adhesives, and can be used for renovation as well as for new construction, and the wall material is thin, so it can be easily cut with a cutter or other blade. Can be cut immediately and workability can be improved.

更に、本発明の壁材は、上記の構成に加えて、「前記仕上層を、珪藻土を主成分とした塗り壁材で形成した」ことを特徴とするものである。   Furthermore, the wall material of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the above-described configuration, “the finishing layer is formed of a coated wall material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth”.

これにより、仕上層の珪藻土によって、シックハウスの原因となる有害物質を吸着・浄化させたり、調湿性や防火性を発揮させたりすることができ、付加価値の高いより高機能な壁材を提供することができる。   As a result, the diatomaceous earth of the finishing layer can adsorb and purify harmful substances that cause sick house, and exhibit humidity control and fire prevention properties, providing a highly functional wall material with high added value. be able to.

また、本発明の壁材を用いた施工方法は、「板状の基材と、該基材の表側に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを塗布することで形成された下地層と、該下地層の表側に防水性及び伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層以上塗布することで形成された防水層と、該防水層の表側に、所定の厚で所定の塗り壁材を鏝塗した仕上層とを具備し、前記防水層及び前記仕上層を合わせた厚さを２ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの範囲内とした壁材を予め工場で製造した上で、該壁材の外形を工場若しくは施工現場で所定寸法に切断した後に、切断面をヤスリ仕上げし、建物の柱に直接又は下地板を介して、釘及び接着剤の少なくとも一方により取付ける」ことを特徴とする。なお、壁材を取付ける下地板としては、合板、石膏板、ケイカル板等の下地ボードや、既存の壁とすることができる。   Further, the construction method using the wall material of the present invention includes a “plate-like base material, a base layer formed by applying a synthetic resin emulsion having adhesiveness on the front side of the base material, A waterproof layer formed by applying two or more layers of a synthetic resin emulsion having waterproofness and stretchability and adhesiveness on the front side of the base layer, and a predetermined coated wall with a predetermined thickness on the front side of the waterproof layer A wall layer having a finishing layer coated with a material and having a thickness of 2 mm to 5 mm in a combined thickness of the waterproof layer and the finishing layer is pre-manufactured in a factory, and the outer shape of the wall material is After cutting to a predetermined size at a factory or construction site, the cut surface is filed and attached to a pillar of a building directly or via a base plate with at least one of a nail and an adhesive ”. In addition, as a base plate which attaches wall material, it can be set as base boards, such as a plywood board, a gypsum board, and a calc board, and the existing wall.

これにより、上記の壁材を適宜寸法に切断して建物に取付けるようにしているので、施工現場で左官作業をしなくても、大工により本発明の壁材を取付けるだけで従来の土壁等の塗り壁と同等の壁を施工することができ、工期を大幅に短縮することができる。   As a result, the above-mentioned wall material is cut into appropriate dimensions and attached to the building, so that a conventional earthen wall or the like can be obtained simply by installing the wall material of the present invention by a carpenter without performing plastering work at the construction site. A wall equivalent to the painted wall can be constructed, and the construction period can be greatly shortened.

また、上述の壁材を適宜寸法に切断して取付けるようにしているので、例えば、外観や材質が異なる仕上層を有した壁材を、交互に配置したり自由に配置したりして壁材によって壁に所定の模様を描くことができ、従来の左官作業では難しかったりできなかったりした模様の壁を簡単に施工することができ、より多様な壁を構築することができる。   In addition, since the above-mentioned wall material is cut and attached to appropriate dimensions, for example, wall materials having finishing layers having different appearances and materials may be arranged alternately or freely. With this, it is possible to draw a predetermined pattern on the wall, and it is possible to easily construct a wall having a pattern that may or may not be difficult with conventional plastering work, and to construct a wider variety of walls.

このように、本発明によれば、容易に取付けることができると共に、防水性が高く従来の土壁等の塗り壁と同等の表面を有した壁材及び壁材を用いた施工方法を提供することができる。   Thus, according to the present invention, there are provided a wall material that can be easily attached, has a high waterproof property, and has a surface equivalent to a painted wall such as a conventional earth wall, and a construction method using the wall material. be able to.

（Ａ）は本発明の一例である壁材を用いた施工例を示す斜視図であり、（Ｂ）は本発明の一例である壁材の構造を示す斜視図であり、（Ｃ）は（Ｂ）の壁材に当接部材を備えた例を示す断面図である。(A) is a perspective view which shows the construction example using the wall material which is an example of this invention, (B) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the wall material which is an example of this invention, (C) is ( It is sectional drawing which shows the example which provided the contact member in the wall material of B).

本発明の一実施形態である壁材及び壁材を用いた施工方法について、図１を参照して説明する。図１（Ａ）は本発明の一例である壁材を用いた施工例を示す斜視図であり、（Ｂ）は本発明の一例である壁材の構造を示す斜視図である。本実施形態の壁材１０は、図１（Ｂ）に示すように、板状の基材１１と、基材１１の表側に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを塗布することで形成した下地層１２と、下地層１２の表側に防水性及び伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層塗布することで形成した防水層１３と、防水層１３の表側に所定の厚で珪藻土を主成分とする塗り壁材を鏝塗りした仕上層１４とを備えている。   The wall material which is one embodiment of the present invention and a construction method using the wall material will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing a construction example using a wall material which is an example of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing a structure of a wall material which is an example of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1B, the wall material 10 of the present embodiment is a base layer formed by applying a plate-like base material 11 and a synthetic resin emulsion having adhesiveness to the front side of the base material 11. 12, a waterproof layer 13 formed by applying two layers of waterproof and stretchable synthetic resin emulsion on the front side of the base layer 12, and diatomaceous earth with a predetermined thickness on the front side of the waterproof layer 13 And a finishing layer 14 coated with a coating wall material mainly composed of

本例の壁材１０の製造方法は、まず、基材１１として厚さが約３ｍｍのベニア合板における一方の面に、一液タイプのアクリル系合成樹脂エマルジョンを、刷毛やスプレーガンを用いて原液換算で０．０５〜０．３ｋｇ／ｍ２塗布し下地層１２を形成する。そして、下地層１２の表面が概ね乾いたら、アクリル・酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる水溶性の合成樹脂エマルジョンを刷毛やスプレーガンを用いて０．７〜０．８ｋｇ／ｍ２塗布し、表面が硬化（又は半硬化）したら、アクリル・酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる合成樹脂エマルジョン（アクリル系合成樹脂エマルジョンとも称す）を再び刷毛やスプレーガンを用いて０．７〜０．８ｋｇ／ｍ２塗布し二層の防水層１３を形成する。なお、本例では、防水層１３を二層としているが、これに限定するものではなく、使用条件等に応じて、三層、或いは三層以上としても良い。続いて、防水層１３の表面が硬化（又は半硬化）したら、珪藻土を主成分とする塗り壁材を、左官作業により約２ｍｍ〜３ｍｍの厚さに鏝塗りして仕上層１４を形成し、全体を乾燥させることで壁材１０が製造される。 In the method of manufacturing the wall material 10 of this example, first, a one-component type acrylic synthetic resin emulsion is applied to one surface of a veneer plywood having a thickness of about 3 mm as a base material 11 using a brush or a spray gun. The ground layer 12 is formed by applying 0.05 to 0.3 kg / m 2 in terms of conversion. When the surface of the underlayer 12 is almost dry, 0.7 to 0.8 kg / m 2 of a water-soluble synthetic resin emulsion made of an acrylic / vinyl acetate copolymer is applied using a brush or a spray gun. Once cured (or semi-cured), apply a 0.7-0.8 kg / m 2 synthetic resin emulsion made of an acrylic / vinyl acetate copolymer (also called an acrylic synthetic resin emulsion) again using a brush or spray gun. The two waterproof layers 13 are formed. In this example, the waterproof layer 13 has two layers. However, the waterproof layer 13 is not limited to this, and may be three layers or three or more layers depending on the use conditions. Subsequently, when the surface of the waterproof layer 13 is cured (or semi-cured), a coating wall material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth is applied to a thickness of about 2 mm to 3 mm by plastering to form a finishing layer 14, The wall material 10 is manufactured by drying the whole.

このようにして製造された本例の壁材１０は、防水層と仕上層とを合わせた厚さが約３ｍｍとされており、全体で壁材１０の厚さが約６ｍｍとなっている。また、本例の壁材１０は、基材１１となっているベニア合板と同等の可撓性を有しており、大きく曲げても仕上層１４にヒビ等が入らないようになっている。これは、防水層１３を二層で形成していることにより、各層が互いに伸縮し合うことによるものと思われる。また、防水層１３を形成する合成樹脂エマルジョンとして水溶性のアクリル・酢酸ビニル共重合体を用いているので、仕上層１４を形成する珪藻土と馴染み易いと共に浸透し易く、これにより、壁材１０を曲げても仕上層１４にヒビ等が入らないようになっていると思われる。   The wall material 10 of this example manufactured in this way has a total thickness of the waterproof layer and the finishing layer of about 3 mm, and the total thickness of the wall material 10 is about 6 mm. Moreover, the wall material 10 of this example has the same flexibility as the veneer plywood that is the base material 11, so that cracks or the like do not enter the finishing layer 14 even when bent greatly. This is considered to be due to the fact that each layer expands and contracts by forming the waterproof layer 13 in two layers. Further, since a water-soluble acrylic / vinyl acetate copolymer is used as the synthetic resin emulsion for forming the waterproof layer 13, it is easy to become familiar with and penetrate into the diatomaceous earth that forms the finishing layer 14, and thereby the wall material 10 is It seems that cracks etc. do not enter the finishing layer 14 even if it is bent.

次に、本実施形態の壁材１０を用いた施工方法の一例について説明する。上述したように、所定の大きさ（例えば、基材１１に合わせた定尺）の壁材１０を予め工場で製造する。なお、本例では、製造した壁材１０を、工場において約９０ｃｍ角に切断すると共に、その切断面のバリをサンドペーパにより落として仕上げた状態としている。一方、壁材１０を施工する施工現場では、建物の柱２０に外壁或いは内壁を構成する下地板２１を取付けた状態とする（図１（Ａ）を参照）。なお、下地板２１は、柱２０に対して直接取付けても良いし、同縁等を介して取付けても良い。そして、本例では壁材１０として、仕上層１４の柄が異なる（例えば、色違い）二種類の壁材１０ａ，１０ｂを夫々施工現場に搬入し、壁材１０を下地板２１の表面に取付ける。   Next, an example of the construction method using the wall material 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated. As described above, the wall material 10 having a predetermined size (for example, a fixed length according to the base material 11) is manufactured in advance in a factory. In this example, the manufactured wall material 10 is cut into about 90 cm square at the factory, and the burrs on the cut surface are finished by sandpaper. On the other hand, in the construction site where the wall material 10 is constructed, the base plate 21 constituting the outer wall or the inner wall is attached to the pillar 20 of the building (see FIG. 1A). The base plate 21 may be directly attached to the column 20 or may be attached via the same edge or the like. In this example, as the wall material 10, two types of wall materials 10a and 10b having different patterns of the finishing layer 14 (for example, different colors) are carried into the construction site, and the wall material 10 is attached to the surface of the base plate 21. .

下地板２１への壁材１０の取付けは、まず、下地板２１の表面に、壁材１０の配置に合わせて所定幅のマスキングテープ（図示は省略）を貼る。詳しくは、本例では約９０ｃｍ角の壁材１０同士を交互に配置するので、壁材１０同士が隣接する目地の部分と対応する位置にマスキングテープを貼る。なお、壁面の全体寸法によっては、約９０ｃｍ角の壁材１０が収まらない場合があるので、壁材１０が収まるように一部の壁材１０を施工現場において必要寸法に切断すると共に、その切断面をサンドペーパで仕上げる。   For attaching the wall material 10 to the base plate 21, first, a masking tape (not shown) having a predetermined width is applied to the surface of the base plate 21 in accordance with the arrangement of the wall material 10. Specifically, in this example, about 90 cm square wall materials 10 are alternately arranged, so that a masking tape is applied to a position corresponding to a joint portion where the wall materials 10 are adjacent to each other. Depending on the overall dimensions of the wall surface, the wall material 10 of about 90 cm square may not fit. Therefore, a part of the wall material 10 is cut to a required size at the construction site so that the wall material 10 can fit. Finish the surface with sandpaper.

そして、下地板２１におけるマスキングテープが貼られていない部分（壁材１０を取付ける位置）に、所定の接着剤を塗った上で、色違いの壁材１０ａ，１０ｂを交互に貼り付ける。なお、接着剤が乾燥するまでの仮止めとして、壁材１０を下地板２１に対して釘止めしても良いし、壁材１０の裏側に両面粘着テープを予め貼っておき、その両面粘着テープにより仮止めするようにしても良い。その後、壁材１０を貼り付ける接着剤が乾燥したら、各壁材１０同士の間の目地に、所定の目地材２２（例えば、シリコン、モルタル、珪藻土、等）を詰め込み、壁材１０を用いた壁面が完成する。なお、目地材２２を詰め込まずにマスキングテープが見えるようにしても良く、目地材２２の詰込作業にかかる手間を簡略化してコストを低減させることができると共に、目地材２２から放出される化学物質を無くしてシックハウス対策を高めることができる。   Then, a predetermined adhesive is applied to a portion of the base plate 21 where the masking tape is not attached (position where the wall material 10 is attached), and then the wall materials 10a and 10b of different colors are alternately attached. Note that the wall material 10 may be nailed to the base plate 21 as a temporary fixing until the adhesive dries, or a double-sided adhesive tape is previously pasted on the back side of the wall material 10 and the double-sided adhesive tape. May be temporarily fixed. After that, when the adhesive for attaching the wall material 10 is dried, a predetermined joint material 22 (for example, silicon, mortar, diatomaceous earth, etc.) is stuffed into the joints between the wall materials 10, and the wall material 10 is used. The wall is completed. The masking tape may be made visible without filling the joint material 22, and the labor involved in the filling work of the joint material 22 can be simplified and the cost can be reduced, and the chemical released from the joint material 22 can be reduced. It is possible to increase the measures against sick house by eliminating substances.

このように、本実施形態の壁材１０によると、ベニア板からなる基材１１に下地層１２と防水層１３を介して塗工した仕上層１４を備えているので、防水層１３により防水性を確保した上で、従来の左官工による土壁や漆喰壁等と同様の外観とすることができる。また、伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有したアクリル系合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層塗布して防水層１３を形成しているので、壁材１０の防水性を充分に高めることができると共に、伸縮性を高めることができ、仕上層１４を薄くしても仕上層１４が防水層から剥がれ難くすることができると同時に、壁材１０に可撓性を付与することができ、施工時など壁材１０を取扱う際に壁材１０が撓んでも仕上層１４にヒビが入るのを防止することができると共に、壁材１０を扱い易くすることができる。   As described above, according to the wall material 10 of the present embodiment, the base material 11 made of a veneer plate is provided with the finishing layer 14 applied through the base layer 12 and the waterproof layer 13. In addition, it is possible to obtain the same appearance as a dirt wall or a plaster wall by a conventional plasterer. Moreover, since the waterproof layer 13 is formed by applying two layers of the acrylic synthetic resin emulsion having elasticity and adhesion, the waterproof property of the wall material 10 can be sufficiently enhanced, and the elasticity can be increased. Even if the finishing layer 14 is thinned, the finishing layer 14 can be made difficult to peel off from the waterproof layer, and at the same time, the wall material 10 can be provided with flexibility, such as during construction. Even when the wall material 10 is bent during handling, cracks can be prevented from entering the finishing layer 14 and the wall material 10 can be easily handled.

また、壁材１０を予め工場で製造して建物の施工現場へ運ぶようにしているので、施工現場において左官工による左官作業を廃止することができ、建物の建築工期を短くしてコストを低減させることができる。また、工場で製造することができるので、施工現場で左官作業をした場合と比較して、天候等による影響を少なくすることができ、壁材１０の仕上げにムラが発生するのを低減させて安定した品質を容易に維持することができる。   In addition, because the wall material 10 is manufactured in advance in the factory and transported to the building construction site, plastering work by the plasterer can be abolished at the construction site, shortening the construction period of the building and reducing costs. Can be made. In addition, since it can be manufactured at the factory, it is possible to reduce the influence of the weather and the like compared to the case where the plastering work is performed at the construction site, and the occurrence of unevenness in the finishing of the wall material 10 is reduced. Stable quality can be easily maintained.

更に、壁材１０における防水層１３及び仕上層１４を合わせた厚さを２ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの範囲内である約３ｍｍとして全体の厚さを約６ｍｍとしており、壁材１０をより軽くすることができるので、下地板２１や既存の壁に対して接着剤等で簡単に取付けることができ、新築だけでなくリフォームにも問題なく用いることができると共に、壁材１０が薄くカッター等の刃物でも容易に切断することができるので、施工現場で採寸して直ちに切断することができ、施工性を向上させることができる。   Furthermore, the total thickness of the wall material 10 including the waterproof layer 13 and the finishing layer 14 is about 3 mm, which is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and the overall thickness is about 6 mm, so that the wall material 10 can be made lighter. Therefore, it can be easily attached to the base plate 21 or an existing wall with an adhesive or the like, and can be used for renovation as well as a new construction, and the wall material 10 is thin and can be easily used even with a cutter such as a cutter. Since it can cut | disconnect, it can measure at a construction site and can cut | disconnect immediately, and can improve workability | operativity.

また、本例の壁材１０では、仕上層１４を、珪藻土を主成分とした塗り壁材で形成しているので、珪藻土によって、シックハウスの原因となる有害物質を吸着・浄化させたり、調湿性や防火性を発揮させたりすることができ、付加価値の高いより高機能な壁材１０とすることができる。   Moreover, in the wall material 10 of this example, since the finishing layer 14 is formed with the coating wall material which has diatomaceous earth as a main component, the diatomaceous earth can adsorb and purify the harmful substance which causes a sick house, or humidity control property. It is possible to make the wall material 10 more highly functional with high added value.

更に、本実施形態の壁材１０を用いた施工方法では、仕上層１４の色が異なる壁材１０ａ，１０ｂを、互いに交互に配置しているので、従来の左官作業では難しかったりできなかったりしたチェック模様の壁を簡単に施工することができ、より多様な壁を構築することができる。また、複数の壁材１０同士の間に目地が形成されるように壁を施工しているので、木造家屋など経年により柱間の寸法が変化したり建物が変形したりしても、その変化を目地により吸収することができ、従来の土壁のように亀裂が入るのを防止することができる。更に、壁材１０同士の間に目地を形成するようにしているので、各壁材１０同士の間に区切をつけることができ、壁材１０毎の品質の僅かなムラを目立ち難くしたり、色等が異なる壁材１０同士が隣接した時に違和感を与えてしまうのを抑制したりして、見栄えを良くすることができる。   Furthermore, in the construction method using the wall material 10 of the present embodiment, the wall materials 10a and 10b having different colors of the finishing layer 14 are alternately arranged with each other, which may be difficult in the conventional plastering work. A check-patterned wall can be easily constructed and more diverse walls can be constructed. In addition, since the walls are constructed so that joints are formed between the plurality of wall materials 10, even if the dimensions between the pillars change or the buildings deform due to aging such as wooden houses, the change Can be absorbed by the joint, and cracks can be prevented from occurring as in the case of a conventional earth wall. Furthermore, since a joint is formed between the wall materials 10, it is possible to partition between the wall materials 10, making it difficult to notice slight unevenness in the quality of each wall material 10, When the wall materials 10 having different colors or the like are adjacent to each other, it is possible to suppress a sense of discomfort and improve the appearance.

以上、本発明について好適な実施形態を挙げて説明したが、本発明はこれらの実施形態に限定されるものではなく、以下に示すように、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の改良及び設計の変更が可能である。   The present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention as described below. And design changes are possible.

すなわち、上記実施形態では、厚さの薄い基材１１を備えた壁材１０を、下地板２１を介して建物の柱２０に取付けるものを示したが、これに限定するものではなく、壁材１０における基材１１の厚さを厚く（例えば、９ｍｍ〜１８ｍｍ）して、下地板２１を介さずに柱２０に直接又は胴縁を介して取付けるようにしても良い。   That is, in the said embodiment, although what attached the wall material 10 provided with the thin base material 11 to the pillar 20 of a building via the baseplate 21, it is not limited to this, A wall material 10 may be thickened (for example, 9 mm to 18 mm) and attached to the column 20 directly or via the trunk edge without the base plate 21.

また、本実施形態では、建物の柱２０に固定された下地板２１に壁材１０を貼り付けるものを示したが、これに限定するものではなく、既存の壁に壁材１０を貼り付けるようにしても良く、簡単に建物のリフォームを施工することができる。   Moreover, in this embodiment, what attached the wall material 10 to the base plate 21 fixed to the pillar 20 of the building was shown, However, it is not limited to this, It seems to attach the wall material 10 to the existing wall Anyway, you can easily renovate the building.

更に、本実施形態では、下地板２１の表面に、壁材１０の配置に合わせて目地に相当する位置にマスキングテープを貼ってから壁材１０を貼り付けるようにしたものを示したが、これに限定するものではなく、例えば、壁材１０に対して、基材１１の直交する二辺から裏面に略沿って外側へ所定幅で突出し、先端が基材１１の表側へ向って略直角に屈曲した略Ｌ字状で板状の当接部材１５を、基材１１の裏側に取付けるようにしても良い（図１（Ｃ）を参照）。そして、この当接部材１５を有した壁材１０を、まず壁面の一端に取付けた後に、その壁材１０の当接部材１５又は側辺に、隣接して取付ける壁材１０の側辺又は当接部材１５が当接するようにして壁面に取付けることで、当接部材１５が突出した幅の目地が形成されると共に、隣接する壁材１０同士を所定幅の間隔で簡単に位置決めすることができる。これにより、マスキングテープを貼る場合と比較して、施工に係る手間を簡略化して工期を短縮することができると共に、コストを低減させることができる。なお、当接部材１５は、Ｌ字状の他に、逆Ｔ字状としても良い。また、当接部材１５を紙で形成することが望ましく、シックハウス対策をより高めることができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, the surface of the base plate 21 is shown in which the wall material 10 is pasted after the masking tape is pasted at a position corresponding to the joint according to the arrangement of the wall material 10. For example, with respect to the wall material 10, the base material 11 protrudes from the two orthogonal sides of the base material 11 along the back surface to the outside with a predetermined width, and the tip is substantially perpendicular to the front side of the base material 11. The bent substantially L-shaped and plate-like contact member 15 may be attached to the back side of the base material 11 (see FIG. 1C). After the wall member 10 having the contact member 15 is first attached to one end of the wall surface, the side member or the side wall of the wall member 10 to be attached adjacent to the contact member 15 or the side member of the wall member 10 is attached. By attaching to the wall surface so that the contact member 15 contacts, a joint having a width protruding from the contact member 15 is formed, and adjacent wall members 10 can be easily positioned at intervals of a predetermined width. . Thereby, compared with the case where a masking tape is stuck, while being able to simplify the labor which concerns on construction and shortening a construction period, cost can be reduced. In addition, the contact member 15 may have an inverted T shape in addition to the L shape. Moreover, it is desirable to form the contact member 15 with paper, and the countermeasure against sick house can be further enhanced.

１０ 壁材
１１ 基材
１２ 下地層
１３ 防水層
１４ 仕上層
１５ 当接部材
２０ 柱
２１ 下地板
２２ 目地材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wall material 11 Base material 12 Base layer 13 Waterproof layer 14 Finish layer 15 Contact member 20 Column 21 Base plate 22 Joint material

特開２０００−１２９８２４号公報JP 2000-129824 A

Claims (4)

板状の基材と、
該基材の表側に、接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを塗布することで形成された下地層と、
該下地層の表側に、防水性及び伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層以上塗布することで形成された防水層と、
該防水層の表側に、所定の厚で所定の塗り壁材を塗工した仕上層と
を予め具備することを特徴とする壁材。 A plate-like substrate;
A base layer formed by applying an adhesive synthetic resin emulsion on the front side of the substrate;
A waterproof layer formed by applying two or more layers of a synthetic resin emulsion having waterproofness and stretchability and adhesiveness on the front side of the base layer;
A wall material characterized by comprising a finishing layer coated with a predetermined coating wall material with a predetermined thickness on the front side of the waterproof layer in advance. 前記防水層及び前記仕上層を合わせた厚さを、２ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの範囲内としたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の壁材。   The wall material according to claim 1, wherein the combined thickness of the waterproof layer and the finishing layer is in a range of 2 mm to 5 mm. 前記仕上層を、珪藻土を主成分とした塗り壁材で形成したことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁材。   The wall material according to claim 1, wherein the finishing layer is formed of a painted wall material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth. 板状の基材と、該基材の表側に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを塗布することで形成された下地層と、該下地層の表側に防水性及び伸縮性を有すると共に接着性を有した合成樹脂エマルジョンを二層以上塗布することで形成された防水層と、該防水層の表側に、所定の厚で所定の塗り壁材を塗工した仕上層とを具備し、前記防水層及び前記仕上層を合わせた厚さを２ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの範囲内とした壁材を予め工場で製造した上で、該壁材の外形を工場若しくは施工現場で所定寸法に切断した後に、切断面をヤスリ仕上げし、建物の柱に直接又は下地板を介して、釘及び接着剤の少なくとも一方により取付けることを特徴とする壁材を用いた施工方法。   A plate-like base material, a base layer formed by applying a synthetic resin emulsion having adhesiveness to the front side of the base material, and waterproof and stretchable on the front side of the base layer and adhesiveness A waterproof layer formed by applying two or more layers of the synthetic resin emulsion, and a finish layer coated with a predetermined coating wall material with a predetermined thickness on the front side of the waterproof layer, the waterproof layer And after manufacturing the wall material which made the thickness which match | combined the said finishing layer in the range of 2 mm-5 mm beforehand in a factory, after cutting the external shape of this wall material into a predetermined dimension in a factory or a construction site, a cut surface is made. A construction method using a wall material that is filed and attached to a pillar of a building directly or via a base plate with at least one of a nail and an adhesive.
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JP2020139284A (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 株式会社ソフケン Functional panel and manufacturing method of functional panel

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JPH11107491A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-04-20 Inax Corp Tile panel
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JPH0434173A (en) * 1990-05-30 1992-02-05 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Decorative material for facing and manufacture thereof
JPH11107491A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-04-20 Inax Corp Tile panel
JP2000226920A (en) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-15 Nippon System Kiki Kk Wall material for housing
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WO2016152594A1 (en) * 2015-03-20 2016-09-29 吉野石膏株式会社 Substrate preparation material composition and substrate preparation material
JPWO2016152594A1 (en) * 2015-03-20 2018-01-11 吉野石膏株式会社 Substrate conditioning material composition and substrate conditioning material
JP2020139284A (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 株式会社ソフケン Functional panel and manufacturing method of functional panel

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